Origami Masters Bugs How the Bug Wars Changed the Art of Origami ( PDFDrive )

HOW THE BUG WARS CHANGED
THE ART OF ORIGAMI

Introduction by Sherry Gerstein
Illustrations by Marcio Noguchi

With bug models created by:

SEBASTIAN ARELLANO
SHUKI KATO

MARC KIRSCHENBAUM
JASON KU

ROBERT J. LANG
WON PARK

DAN ROBINSON

The artist is a receptacle for emotions that come
from all over the place: from the sky, from the

earth, from a scrap of paper . . .

–Pablo Picasso

conTenTS

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Terms and Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

The Projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Won Park . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Flapping Dollar Butterfly . . . . 19
Dollar Dragonfly . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Sebastian Arellano . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Bed Bug . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Praying Mantis . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Marc Kirschenbaum . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Mosquito . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Ladybug . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Daniel Robinson . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Leaf Insect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Jason Ku . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Rhinoceros Beetle . . . . . . . . . . 83
Luna Moth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Shuki Kato . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Titan Beetle . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

Flying Hercules Beetle . . . . . . . 141
Robert J . Lang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

Yellow Jacket, opus 624 . . . . . 163
The crease Patterns . . . . . . . . . . 176
About the Illustrator . . . . . . . . 183
credits and Acknowledgements . . 184

77 12 1
1.0000+8% 0
THe Bug WARS

What can you make with a single piece of paper?

Scissors can’t be used, nhoo1wr c3faa6nr glue. It’s just you, the piece of paper, and the shapes you
make by folding it. So can you take it?

This was essentially the question posed by the informal competition between expert
paper folders in the 1990s. That competition, which has come to be known as “The Bug
0 Wars,” was an expression of the discovery process and an exploration of technique by

the most experienced folders, once they found themselves liberated from the traditional
underpinnings of the ancient art of origami. The discovery that it was possible to create a
model with several legs—like an insect, for instance—quite simply transformed origa7m2i.
85
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Until the middle of the 20th century,
8 Origami Masters: Bugs all origami models were derived from
just a few standard base patterns. 

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It sounds like a crazy notion because these days, complex origami
models—intricately folded paper interpretations of just about everything,
from spine-studded sea urchins to a complete cuckoo clock—abound.
Even though origami is an ancient art, it remained pretty much
11 suinmcphlaen, gaendduanlltwil ethreedmeridivdes2ldea1ofmrfotemhea2f0etwh century. Models were fairly 120
standard base patterns.

3pairedTsyhmatbboelsgathnattoacllhoawnegde when Japan’s Akira Yoshizawa developed a system of diagrams and 10
for the encoding of origami instructions. Considered the father of 9pos-e
modern origami and a prolific creator of new, original models, Yoshizawa wrote books in
s2a6meothreal110t9r0.4a6d00sitia0on2n0d65-s01h49a%5r0eds tbhyatasfheoww1ceod2u1hldowbetdoofoculdmeeancthedst…epa.nSdud08shd.ae7rn5eldy0,ba0yc+mra2fat0nty%h.at had been an Akira Yoshizawa,
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the father of
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Yoshizawa’s system of symbols was
adopted and refined by Samuel Randlett
in the US and Robert Harbin in the UK, 12 1
and word of the ar7t o7f paper folding 1.0000+8% 0
began to spread. Some European
countries also had traditional paper
folding crafts and those were shared
as well. It was this cross-fertilization
process that brought fresh thinkers and
ideas to the ancient aervte,nb1tuu3ial6dlliynlgooaknepwast
mindset that would
the traditional forms.

0 By the 1970s and 1980s, things reached Diagrams from an origami book by Samuel Randlett
critical mass. Origami societies had
sprung up all over—in Japan, the
US, the UK, and Spain, to name a few. While origami still focused on the classical
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would allow them to take the art to the next level. 85

15
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After initial breakthroughs and innovations made by John Montroll in the US and
Jun Maekawa in Japan, another breakthrough was made: a technique called circle/
river packing. Developed by American folder Robert J. Lang (an origami enthusiast
winidthep1ae3snc7dieennttilfyi—c btahcekwgrooruknwda)sapnudbJlaisphaendesine ftohl1ed3e1r999T0oss.hTiyhuisktieMchengiuqruoe—aellaocwhewdoarmkinogdel
4 creator to place any number of circles—which stood in for appendages—within a
square of paper. It was a brilliant bit of engineering that resulted in the placement of
folds in order to create multiple legs, wings, and other appendages right where they
were needed. It also showed origami enthusiasts that they didn’t need to be tied down
by traditional techniques. Instead, those traditional techniques were now the first
important steps toward a new level of art and craft.

134 6
18 1.0000+10%

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10 Origami Masters: Bugs

23
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Another technical innovation helped demonstrate that even the most complex of
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create the model. Origami artists began to use the same concepts in their own designs,
not even needing the computer program; they could create incredibly complex figures
using just pencil and paper to design a “crease pattern” as the folding plan for their
work. Crease patterns became the standard way to communicate instructions for
supercomplex models, because such models cann1o2t a0lways be broken down into step-
11 by-st2ep1diagrams.
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8
Such an innovation allows model creators to spend less time testing ideas out—a process 0.7500+20%
that becomes quite burdensome with long, super-complex models—and more time
working out a greater number of new ideas, as long as the creators are comfortable with 5
the geometric method of design. It can shorten the develop1m1ent time greatly. 1.0000+10%
21

Expert folders in Japan were the first to stretch their new win3gs (as it were) by foldinsgame
realistic insects. Each year at the annual meeting of the JapanpeasiereOd rigami Academic
Society, artists such as Toshiyuki Meguro, Jun Maekawa, Seiji Nishikawa, and Fumiaki
cFKchoiarmawsntpa,ghutehatsaetiatrnieowdwniocaeualrtlemdiniosnghdssoeepwcloitnstosgwf,)90fa,i.tt7nwhh5deh0s7iimri0c2xh+loal2ertw0eegso.%stF,uatrlhdnoemdtnhgtecrhnaeemasrteeeet,stttthhhfeeee8aasb5t1adpsac5idrtoriiivffttoiefooronfltdhfs2oriae6nfimefgwnoe(ildnlaollygl01wsdc.0,i6onoh0mngo02aer0py6c5ne-wet04saitvi,%irtetc’hsi+ooomflnuootrmdaedlse.
its way to America at the annual OrigamiUSA convention. Robert J. Lang, th8e only
American to be involved in the informal Japanese competition, challenged friends Dan
Robinson and Satoshi Kamiya to come up with a design for a Eupatorus gracilcornis, a
five-horned rhinoceros beetle. And on it went.

7

The models collected in this book aren’t from that 2004 design challenge. But0t.h60at00-20%
spirit of competitive collaboration does live on in the models presented here. They
showcase the latest technical innovations from some of the top folders on this side of
the Atlantic. They are, in essence, the culmination of more than 20 years of tec5hnical
experimentation.

dBouwt tnh,eoyriaglsaommi satrakndthseaetna61dc.0roo0fs0as0nr+oe1ar0da%s..NIsoiwt 19

that the technical barriers hsaavmeebeen broken
art, mathematics, science…or a bit4of all
three? Many creators aonf dorairgtaimnismimopdleiclsithyaivnestmeaodvoedf17pioonnst-.shTehteeyp2ca’hvirneeidtcuarlnlyeadctchoemir0pf.lo3isc0hu0es0d+o.2n1%
the sear1c8h for beauty 17 12
Try googling “dpeovloytgeodntopadcikscinugss”io(ancsoonnceepntgisnimeeirlainrgt.oAcnirdclien/rdiuvse11tr.r9ip2aal1cd4k+eisn1i2gg)%naenr2sdcyoonut’ilnlue active+f
find websites
to tap into the origami community to find ways to use folding in new inventions. One
good possibility: a new way to fold airbags.

So what’s next for origami? A good question. Its artists are already turning the paper
over, folding again, and seeing what can be made this time.

5 14 s1a8m01e.46000+31% 16 2
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12 Origami Masters: Bugs

+f

10 We can allow satellites, planets, suns, universe,
9pos-e

nay whole systems of universes, to be governed

by laws, but the smallest insect, we wish to be

created at once by special act.

24 –Charles Darwin
ac3t4ive

12
6pos-e

9
13 active+f

TeSRymMboSls & SYMBoLS Preliminary base
Water-bomb base
Symbols EEdgdege Blintz base
Kite base/fold
EEEdxigxsteiisntginCgrecarseease
EVVxailsaletliylnefgyoCldfroeladse Petal fold
VMMaollueonyutfnaoitlndafionldfold
MFoFolodulnidntaifnirnonffortoldnt
FFooFlloddlibdnebfhreoinhndtind
FFooFlloddlbadneadhniundndfuonldfold
FHoHidldiddaednnedlninuenlisfnoelds
HRRoidtoadtteeantelines
RSSionitknat/keS/qsquuasahsh/ P/pusuhsh
SVViinewkie/wfrSoqfmuroahsmehr/ehPeurseh
VTuTieruwnronfrvoeomrvehrere
TOuOprenpneonver
6–10 ORReppeeenpaetat
RMMeapgaengaitfnyify
MMVaaiggennwiiffyyoinfgdgeltaasisl next
MPPlealagetnaitfying glass
PCleartimp

Magnifying glass
14 Origami Masters: Bugs

Magnify

Rabbit ear fold Open sink
Inside reverse Closed
fold sink
Outside reverse Pleat
fold Crimp
Spread squash Stretch
Squash fold
Swivel fold Elias
stretch
Terms & Symbols 15



THe PRoJecTS

Flapping Dollar
Butterfly

Won PARK

Dollar Won Park is an origami artist who has
Dragonfly been practicing the art of paper folding

18 Origami Masters: Bug Wars for more than 30 years.
He specializes in folding paper
currency from the United States and
other countries. He is well known for
his meticulous folding execution,
his eye for detail, and a finely

tuned sense of artistry.
He currently lives in Honolulu, Hawaii.

FLAPPIng DoLLAR This is one of my 1
BuTTeRFLY latest designs,
Fold in half. Unfold
created in 2012. I
wanted to create a
model that would
capture the flapping
motion of a real
butterfly. To make
sure you get a clean
flapping action, try
ironing the model
after it has been
completely folded.

23 4

Fold. Unfold. Make a pinch mark close to Make another pinch mark
the edge. close to the edge. Turn over.

56 7

New crease Do not crease Gently curved

Fold as indicated. Unfold. Use the existing crease to Bring edge to edge and fold
Turn over. fold in half. Align the creases. an angle bisector.
The model will not lie flat.

Flapping Dollar Butterfly 19

89 10

Pleat, using the creases Create a new crease to allow the Unfold everything.
created in step 5. model to lie completely flat.

11 12 13

6-10

Repeat steps 6 to 10 on the Fold the angle bisectors. Fold between the points
other side. Unfold. indicated from edge to
edge. Unfold. Turn over.

14 15 16

Fold the edge to the crease Begin the collapse by Complete the collapse
line as indicated. Turn over. folding the rabbit ear and following a sequence
20 Origami Masters: Bugs in half as indicated. This similar to steps 7 through
should create concave 9. Use existing creases.
halves on each side. The model should then lie
completely flat.

17 18 19

Open the top layer to see Inside reverse using the Valley fold using the creases
inside the model. creases created in step 14. created in steps 12 and 13.
Repeat on the other side.

20 21 22

Close. The model should Open. Fold the corner inside as
like completely flat. indicated, while allowing
the wings to flip out. The
23 24 model will not lie flat.

25

Swivel the top to make it flat. Fold the angle bisectors, Swivel fold by releasing
Spread squash the bottom edge to edge. Repeat on paper trapped under the
symmetrically. Repeat on the back. layer. Repeat on the back.
the back. The model will lie
flat at this point. Flapping Dollar Butterfly 21

26 27 28

Details for the wings next. Valley fold the top layer of This is the completed
the pleat and squash. Repeat Flapping Dollar Butterfly.
29 on the other wing, too. To make the wings stiff
enough to flap, iron them.

Hold the head while pulling Top view of folded model,
on the tail to flap the wings. wings open.

22 Origami Masters: Bugs

This is one of my very
first original models.
I created it in high 1
school. It uses the
same base as my first Fold in half. Unfold
butterfly design. My
advice for making a
model with clean folds:
dampen the bill slightly
and use clamps to set
folds properly.
DoLLAR
DRAgonFLY

23 4

Fold. Unfold. Turn over. Fold. Unfold. Prepare creases for the
collapse.
56
7

Complete collapse. Fold. Unfold. Inside reverse fold.
Dollar Dragonfly 23

89 10

Fold as far as you can. Fold in half. Rotate. Fold as far as you can.
Repeat on the back.

11 12 13

Swivel the top layer while Fold as far as you can. Swivel fold.
folding the flap back to Repeat on the back. Repeat on the back.
the original position.
Repeat on the back. 16

14 15

Swivel fold so that the Swivel fold so that the Valley fold. Repeat on the
horizontal edges are horizontal edges are back.
aligned. Repeat on the back. aligned. Repeat on the back.

24 Origami Masters: Bugs

17 18 19

Crimp fold and move Fold the head flaps Fold the wing up.
the wing forward. between the crimp. Repeat on the back.
Repeat on the back.
21 22
20

Open the wing and Close the wing at slight Fold the wings down.
squash symmetrically. angle. Repeat on the back.
Repeat on the back.
24 25
23

Unfold in half. Pleat to form the eyes and Fold back the corners to
the mouthparts. shape the eyes.

Dollar Dragonfly 25

26 27 28

Fold the edges under to Fold in half. Sequence of crimps to
narrow the abdomen. shape the abdomen.

29

Open out the wings. The completed dragonfly.

Ecattsbhhrwdeutaeitoittslsoltltaeseorernhrf’sgtfgawlsenyse,o,iostnsaftadtgewkrmus:ee.ieFanonYmotdgooalsedludiliianvtntcrsaehaegndraneiwttnwcaasitgltiehasnehvnaogiorpgdssefuaeesotplenhatfehctrearheese;dcihsxsmuraatairrmpnograeesoet.tnwhnIbiceifnnadylyasstt.berehhNctr.iiittssonostctg’hsceasarfstlesvehapa,epatettetphcwiienaogl
26 Origami Masters: Bugs

Dollar Dragonfly 27

Sebastian Arellano started folding origami models Praying
when he was 11 years old and started designing his Mantis

own original models about three years later.
He loves fantastic creatures, and in origami he
found a unique tool that enabled him to give shape

to the creatures as he imagined them.
Sebastian Arellano currently studies animation
and the digital arts, including illustration and 3D

modeling. He lives in Mexico.

SeBASTIAn
AReLLAno

Bed Bug

28 Origami Masters: Bug Wars

1

BeD Bug Precrease: fold the
diagonals and unfold.
This is one of my earliest designs, and the one that has gone through the
most revisions. I usually fold it from 6- or 8-inch paper, but anything
smaller than 12 inches is fine. While the sample shown here has been

folded from tissue foil, it can also be folded from stiffer paper. When I first
designed the model, I used to varnish it and attach it to a barrette for my

sister to wear in her hair. It made a very interesting decoration!

23 4

Fold the corners to the Collapse into a Squash fold.
center. preliminary base.
7
56 12–14

Precrease: fold the angle Petal fold. Unwrap one layer.
bisectors and unfold. Bed Bug 29

8 9 10

Collapse along existing Squash fold. Reverse fold on both sides.
creases.
13
11 12

3–10 3–10
3–10

Repeat steps 3 to 10 on the Valley fold one flap up. Valley fold over. Note that a
remaining three flaps. 90° angle is formed.

14 15 16 12–14

Valley fold up. Unfold. Mirror steps 12 to 14 on the
30 Origami Masters: Bugs opposite side.

17 18 19

Valley fold the flap down Mountain fold. Collapse using existing
and open the sides. creases.

20 21 22

Reverse fold. Valley fold both sides. Reverse fold.

23 24 25

Reverse fold. Valley fold the tip to Open sink.
the center. Unfold. Bed Bug 31

26 27 28

Fold the front layer to the Fold the top layer back Turn over.
left; fold the back layer to while incorporating a
the right. reverse fold. 31

29 30

Open and spread fold. Mountain fold behind. Turn over.

32 33 34

Stretch while unfolding Valley fold up. Rabbit-ear fold.
the mountain fold made
in step 30.
32 Origami Masters: Bugs

35 36 37

Valley fold up. Rabbit-ear fold. Turn over.

38 39 40

Valley fold the top. Valley fold. Mountain fold the corners.
Mountain fold the bottom.
43
41 42

Valley fold the corners. Mountain fold the corners. Fold the tip to the center.
Unfold.

Bed Bug 33

44 45 46

Fold in half. Unfold. Fold in half again. Unfold. Create a sequence of five
pleats.

47 48 49

Mountain fold the tip. Narrow the legs and adjust Create leg articulations.
the orientation as indicated.

The completed bed bug.
34 Origami Masters: Bugs

View from underside.

Bed Bug 35

iinTs sh1adet2ithtcosyctphhtoiwtohuoponioefdmuesbasimnutei1lmrbhbtewess7tiobriiuiiootg.intncde5ilnphndnulsatgyaelseteisbtleeuntdlap.milse.hroeecreSs,Ujenagha.rquspt,sybIesholusor—fatesltaeabafeirywyttyskregttoitoehwieiesooautnss!serorrosugsTamkueoppwhephmseaftwaemereoecfrpapieoaaielglupeadvseinladhlurllclietruteothofrdiicghoossusiroaeenffrassftrrofg.ih,nherdaedeat d 1

PRAYIng Precrease: fold in half and
MAnTIS unfold.

2 34

Fold the angle bisectors and Make pinch marks at the Valley fold the edges in,
unfold. edge as indicated. creasing at the pinch marks.
Unfold.

56 7

Valley fold through the Fold the corners to the Fold the angle bisectors.
intersection points shown creases. Unfold.
from edge to edge. Unfold.
36 Origami Masters: Bugs

89 10

Fold the edges to the center Fold the angle bisectors. Fold crease mark to crease
and unfold. Unfold. mark as shown and unfold.

11 12 13

Valley fold between the Fold through the points Fold the angle bisectors.
points indicated. Unfold. indicated to the crease Unfold.
marks shown. Unfold.

14 15 16

Fold through the points Fold the angle bisectors. Fold the angle bisectors.
indicated from edge to Unfold. Unfold.
edge. Unfold.

Praying Mantis 37

17 18 19

Valley fold between the Turn over. Pleat fold.
points indicated. Unfold.
22
20 21

Magnified view. Valley fold as shown, from Pinching the center, slide
the midpoint at the bottom the paper up and flatten on
23 edge. Unfold. existing creases.

24 25

Close up of result. Larger view. Turn over. Collapse as indicated.
38 Origami Masters: Bugs

26 27 28

Open the top layer and Closer view. Open so that layers are
collapse as indicated. Swivel both sides. symmetrical.

29 30 31

Swivel and fold top layer. Turn over. Magnified view.

32 33 34

Fold the angle bisector. Fold the angle bisectors. Make a sequence of inside
Unfold. Unfold. reverse folds.

Praying Mantis 39

35 36 37

37–38 37–38

Repeat steps 32 to 34 on the Close up of result. Larger view. Valley fold into
other flaps. thirds. Unfold.

38 39 40
37–38

Make a sequence of sinks. Repeat steps 37 and 38 on Fold in half. Unfold.
the other side.

41 42 43

Fold in half. Unfold. Sink on both sides. Crease pattern of the sink
40 Origami Masters: Bugs with all details.

44 45 46 47

Magnified view. Inside reverse fold. Unfold. Sink while lifting the
corner.
48 45–47 49 50
51

Mirror steps 45 to 47 Sink. Fold the angle Swivel. Some new
on the other side. bisectors. Unfold. creases will be made.

52 5350–51 54 55

Mirror steps 50 to 51 Sink the four flaps. Close up of result. Larger view.
on the other side. Swivel fold.

Praying Mantis 41

56 57 58 59 60

Sink the four Sink both sides. Valley fold to the front, Turn over. Squash
corners indicated. then mountain fold to symmetrically.
the back to narrow.
65
61 62 63 64

Valley fold as shown Valley fold the flap Valley fold the Magnified view. Valley fold the
to narrow the flaps. down. Turn over. flap up. corners.

66 67 68 69

Rabbit-ear the Mountain fold the Valley fold the Rabbit-ear the forelegs
corners and flatten. corners. corner down. to the sides.

42 Origami Masters: Bugs

70 71 72

Fold the flaps up. Open spread the flaps to Pleat fold.
the sides.
73
74 75

Valley fold the flaps to the Turn over. Fold the tip down.
sides, opening the pleat.
78
76 77

Pleat fold. Sink the corners. Open squash to make
the eyes.

Praying Mantis 43

79 80 81

Fold in half while crimping Shift the head flaps. Shift the wings up,
the neck. Rotate. mountain folding as shown
on both sides.
82 83
84

82 83 Narrow the legs and the
antennae.
Crimp forelegs to create Rabbit-ear fold on front
articulations. and back to create the
grasping parts.
85

Crimp fold as indicated The completed
to create more leg praying mantis.
articulations.
44 Origami Masters: Bugs

Praying Mantis 45

Mosquito

MARc
KIRScHenBAuM

Marc Kirschenbaum, a leading American
origami artist, is known for his wide range of
subject matter and for utilizing a variety of

folding mediums—even toilet paper.
His works have been shown in many museums
and shows around the world, including the American

Museum of Natural History, The Smithsonian
Institution, Mingei International Museum,
and Hangar-7. Several of his works
have been published in books
and periodicals as well.

An active member of OrigamiUSA, a premiere
international origami organization, he is currently

on its Board of Directors. Marc Kirschenbaum
also manages the production of many of
OrigamiUSA’s publications.

Ladybug

46 Origami Masters: Bug Wars

MoSquITo 1

Ioerhfbpfaleuaipcgtpthpeiavternenerty.o)tIfogwiuenltoisehkerpekedratw1phw0eeei-lrtliphnwfaocmpirhtehetrshthlhoeoeyfnemlttghcso,eehsslqtlueururnoleionrt.syogTe.uhfIfio(ibwnmrenriaulsellrtsbbwhpeoooranru-pdytleodtrbnwsbae(ored2kes0e)hqfvgfeueaemactrltsi/l.eyiontfy, Valley fold in half
horizontally and vertically
23 and unfold.

4

Valley fold in half Mountain fold in half. Reverse fold the sides.
horizontally and vertically
and unfold. 6 7

5

Reverse fold four times. Unwrap the four corners. Reverse fold four times.

Mosquito 47

8 9 10 8–9 8–9
8–9

Valley fold and unfold. Valley fold while spread- Repeat steps 8 to 9 on the
squashing the top. other three corners.

11 12 13

Valley fold to the center. Valley fold along the angle Unfold the pleat.
bisector.

14 15 16

11–14 11–14

Reverse fold in and out Repeat steps 11 to 14 on the Valley fold the top flaps
along the existing creases. remaining seven flaps. outward.

48 Origami Masters: Bugs

17 18 19

Valley fold up as far Valley fold over. Valley fold up.
as possible.

20 21 2218–20

Unfold the pleat. Mirror steps 18 to 20 on the Squash fold along
other side. existing creases.
23
24 25

Squash fold. Pull out the inner layers. Outside reverse fold.

Mosquito 49

26 27 28

Pull out two layers and Squash fold. Wrap around two layers.
swivel down to flatten.
31
29 30

26–28

Swing two flaps over. Mirror steps 26 to 28 Squash fold.
on the other side.
32
33 34

Petal fold under. Swing one flap over. Valley fold up, while
50 Origami Masters: Bugs swiveling the top layer over.