science-2

pkrf/ ;DaGwL 1fg / l;k ;an} ] hfg] pkofu] L xG' 5 . b3' 6{ gf tyf
rf6] k6ssf sf/0f la/fdLsf] cj:yf laug| glbg kf| ylds pkrf/sf]
Joj:yf ug{'k5{ .

ljm| ofsnfk !

tnsf lrqx¿ x/] . lrqdf u/s] f sfox{ ¿ l7s 5g\ jf 5}gg,\ nv] . tL
lsg l7s 5g\ jf lsg a]l7s 5g\, sf/0f klg n]v M

d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 95

ljm| ofsnfk @

ltdf| ] cufl8 sg' } ;fyLnfO{ rf6] nfUof] eg] ltdLn] s] ug'{k5{ < ltdLn]
ug{'kg]{ dbtsf] ;r" L cfkm\ gf] sfkLdf nv] .

pbfx/0f M

3fOtn] fO{ k|fylds pkrf/ lbg'k5{ .

cEof;

!= tnsf kZ| gx¿sf] pTt/ b]pm M
-s_ b3' {6gf s;/L s;/L x'G5 <
-v_ b3' 6{ gfaf6 aRg s] s] ug{k' 5{ <
-u_ ;fgf rf6] k6s nfud] f 3/d} f s;/L pkrf/ ug{ ;lsG5 <
-3_ k|fylds pkrf/ eg]sf] s] xf] <
-ª_ k|fylds pkrf/ ePkl5 b'3{6gfdf k/s] f] JolStnfO{ s]

ug'k{ 5{ <

96 d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

@= hf8] f ldnfpm M -s_ ;jf/L b3' {6gfaf6 aRg] pkfo
-v_ ;kmf / ;'/lIft xg' k' 5{
-s_ :jf:Yo ;:+ yf -u_ rf]6k6s ePsf]
3_ 3fOt]sf] cj:yf laug| glbg]
-v_ kf| ylds pkrf/
-u_ vn] db} fg pkrf/
-3_ 6«flkms lgod -ª_ pkrf/ ug{] :yfg

-ª_ ;x/ -r_ oftfoftsf] ;l' jwf


:jf:Yo ;Gb]z

wfl/nf xltof/, lahn' L / cfufa] f6 6f9f a;f}“, b'36{ gf
/ rf]6k6s nfUgaf6 arf“} .

lzIf0f lgb{z] g
ljBfyLx{ ¿nfO{ b3' 6{ gf x'g] sf/0fx¿ / b'3{6gf x'g ;Sg] :yfgx¿ pbfx/0f;lxt k|:6 kfl/lbg'xf];\ .
b3' 6{ gf xg' a' f6 aRg] pkfox¿af/] lrqåf/f 5nkmn u/fpg'xf];\ .
b'3{6gf eof] eg] k|fylds pkrf/sf] ;j] f lngk' 5{ eGg] s'/f ae' mfpg'xf];\ / o;af6 xg' ] kmfObfaf/]
JofVof ug'{xf;] \ .

d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 97

kf7 (

:jf:Yo ;j] f

xfdL ljleGg sf/0faf6 la/fdL kg{ ;S5f}“ . la/fdL ePdf pkrf/
ug'{k5{ . pkrf/ u/k] l5 l56f] /fu] lgsf] xG' 5 . ufp“ tyf ;x/
ahf/df :jf:Yo ;]jf lbg] ;+:yfx¿ x'G5g\ . tL ;+:yfx¿n] ljleGg
/fu] x¿sf] pkrf/ / :jf:Yo ;DaGwL ;Nnfx ;e' mfj klg lbG5g\ . ;do
;dodf ljleGg /f]uaf6 aRg ;O' { tyf vfk] sf sfo{jm| dx¿ ;~rfng
u5{g\ . b3' 6{ gfdf k/s] f dflg;sf] pkrf/ klg u5g{ \ .

la/fdL k/d] f pkrf/ ug{ / :jf:Yo ;DaGwL
;Nnfx lng :jf:Yo ;j] f lbg] 7fp“x¿df
hfgk' 5{ . cfkm\ gf] kl/jf/, l5d]s / 6f]
nsf dflg;x¿ la/fdL k/]df pgLx¿nfO{
:jf:Yo ;j] f lngsf nflu ;Nnfx lbgk' 5{ .
la/fdLnfO{ x]/rfx / dfof ug'{k5{ .
la/fdL kbf{ klg :jf:Yo ;j] f lngdf l9nf
ug'{ x'“bg} .

/f]u nfUg glbgsf nflu ;dod} vf]k ;]jfx¿ lngk' 5{ . an] f an] fdf
:jf:Yo ;j] f lbg] ;:+ yfx¿df uO{ :jf:Yosf] hfr“ u/fof“} eg] /f]ux¿af6
aRg ;S5f“} . o:tf ;O' { vf]kx¿ :jf:Yo rfs} L, :jf:Yo s]Gb| tyf
c:ktfndf nufOG5 . :jf:Yo ;:+ yfx¿ :jf:Yo ;]jf lbgsf nflu vf]
lnPsf x'g\ . :jf:Yo ;:+ yfaf6 kfpg] ;j] fx¿ pkofu] ugk'{ 5{ . 8fS6/

98 d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

:jf:Yo sfos{ tfs{ f] ;Nnfx ln“b}

/ :jf:Yo sfo{stf{x¿sf ;Nnfx dfGgk' 5{ . :j:y z/L/df s'g} /fu]
nfUbg} . :j:y hLjg ;'vL x'G5 .

d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 99

lj|mofsnfk !

sIffdf ePsf cfkm\ gf ;fyLx¿;u“ cfkm\ gf efOalxgLx¿nfO{ sg' sg' /fu] sf] lj?¢
sg' sg' vfk] slt slt k6s nufPsf 5g,\ ;fw] / tnsf] tflnsfdf e/

ljbo\ fyL{sf] gfd vf]ksf] gfd vf]k ;ª\Vof vfk] nufPsf] jif{ 7fp“

-s_ /fdxl/ aL=;L=hL b'O{ k6s @)^$ xN] ykf]:6

-v_ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +++++++++++

-u_ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + ++++++++++

-3_ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +++++++++++

-ª_ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +++++++++++

lj|mofsnfk @

cfk\mgf] :jf:Yo ;:+ yfaf6 s:tf] s:tf] ;j] f kfOG5 c? ;+u ;fw] /] ;r" L

tof/ kf/

100 d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

!= tnsf kZ| gx¿sf] 5f]6f] pTt/ n]v M
-s_ :jf:Yo ;j] f lsg lng'k5{ <
-v_ vf]k lsg nufOG5 <
-u_ :jf:Yo ;+:yfaf6 s'g s'g ;]jf lng ;lsG5 <
-3_ :jf:Yo ;]jf lbg] sg' } bO' { cf6] f ;+:yfsf] gfd n]v .
@= vfnL 7fp“ e/ M

-s_ :jf:Yo ;DaGwL ;]jf lbg] ;+:yfnfO{ ======== elgG5 .

-v_ /f]u nfUg glbg ;dod} ===== lng'k5{ .
-u_ :j:y z/L/df xTtkTt ======== nfUb}g .
-3_ :jf:Yo s]Gbd| f ====== n] la/fdLnfO{ ;Nnfx lbG5g\ .

:jf:Yo ;Gbz]

aRrf hGd]sf] 5 dlxgfkl5 aRrfnfO{ ux“', dsh} :tf cGg /
bfn, rgf, xl/of ;fukft tyf kxn“] f kmnkm" n vj' fpgfn] aRrf
lg/f]uL / :j:y xG' 5 .

lzIf0f lgb]{zg M

ljBfyLx{ ¿nfO{ :jf:Yo ;j] f lbg] :yfgx¿, h:t} M :jf:Yo rf}sL, k|fylds :jf:Yo sG] b|, c:ktfn
cflbaf/] kl/ro lbg'xf;] \ . :jf:Yo ;]jf sG] bx| ¿n] lbg] u/]sf ;]jfx¿, h:t} M pkrf/ ;j] f, cfsl:ds
;]jf, vfk] ;j] f, dftl[ zz' :jf:Yo ;j] f, kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;j] f, k|;"lt ;j] f cflb ;DaGwL JofVof
ul/lbgx' f;] \ .

d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 101

kf7 !)

wd" kfg

;t' L{ jf ;t' L{ ePsf] kbfy{ ;j] g ug{] sfon{ fO{ wd" kfg elgG5 . r'/f6] ,
la8L, vg} L, tdfv' cflb ;'tLa{ f6 ag]sf j:t'sf] ;]jg ug{' w"dkfg
xf] . wd" kfg xfd|f] :jf:Yosf nflu xflg sf/s xG' 5 .
;'tL{df kfOg] ljleGg xflg sf/s
/f;folgs kbfy{dWo] ‘lgsf]l6g’
klg Ps xf] . lgsf]l6gsf] c;/
t'?Gt} gb]lvP klg o;n] la:tf/}
kmfS] ;f] / 3f6“ Ldf c;/ kf5{ . wd" kfg
ugfn{ ] 3f6“ L / kmfS] ;fs] f] SofG;/
x'g] ;Defjgf x'G5 . o;n] d'6s' f]
;d:of klg Nofp“5 . w"dkfg
:jf:Yosf nflu xflgsf/s ePsf] xb“' f o;sf] ;j] g ugx{' b“' g} . wd" kfg ug{]
;fyLx¿sf] ;ªu\ t klg ug{' xb“' g} . xfdLeGbf 7n' f dflg;x¿n] wd" kfg
u/s] f] bv] ] klg To:tf] afgL l;Sg' xb“' g} . wd" kfg ug{] sfon{ ] wd" kfg ug{]
JolStnfO{ dfq xfO] g ;u“ } a:g] JolStx¿nfO{ ;dt] c;/ u5{ .
Ps b'O{ k6s csf{sf] b]vfl;sL jf s/sfkdf w"dkfg u¥of] eg]
wd" kfg ug{] g/fdf| ] nt a:5 . wd" kfgsf] s'nt nfu]kl5 5f8g\ sl7g
xG' 5 . wd" kfg ug]x{ ¿sf] ;f; uGxfpg] / bf“t, cf7] , lhaf| ], 5fnf sfnf]
xg' fsf] ;fy} vf]sL nfUg], bd a9\g,] 5ftL b'Vg] / kl5 uP/ d6' s' f]
;d:of x'g] ub{5 .

102 d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

3/df s;}n] w"dkfg u5{ eg] of] afgL 5f]8fpgsf nflu dbt
ugk{' 5{ . sg' } ;fyLn] r/' f6] , vg} L, la8“ L ;j] g u/s] f] yfxf kfPdf wd" kfg
gug{ ;Nnfx lbg'k5{ . ;]jg ug{ g5f8]df lzIfs jf cleefjsnfO{
eg/] ;D´fpgk' 5{ . ;fyLx¿n] ldn/] pgnfO{ wd" kfg 5f8] g\ bafa
lbg'k5{ . o;n] ubf{ p;nfO{ w"dkfg 5f8\g s/ nfU5 . 3/df
cfdfaa' fn] wd" kfg u/s] f] bv] fl;sL u/L wd" kfg ug{' xb“' g} . pxfx“ ¿nfO{
To;sf] g/fd|f] c;/ atfpg'k5{ . w"dkfg ug'{ :jf:Yosf nflu
xflg sf/s 5 eGg] rt] gf ;db' fodf k}mnfpg'k5{ . wd" kfg nfus] f]
JolStnfO{ To:tf] sn' t 5f8g\ ;Nnfx lbgk' 5{ . wd" kfgn] wg / :jf:Yo
b'j} s/' fsf] gfz u5{ .

lj|mofsnfk !

tnsf] 36gf cWoog u/L wd" kfgsf] c;/ atfpm M

ltdL sg' } ;fyLsf] 3/df uPsf lyof} . ;fyLsf 3/df ;fyLsf] cfdfn]
r'/f]6 klg vfgx' b'“ f] /x5] . Ps 306fleq ltdLn] ltdf| ] ;fyLn] klg Ps
bO' { ;sf{] tfGbf] /x5] eGg] s/' f yfxf kfof} .

ltdf| ] ;fyLnfO{ atfpg wd" kfgaf6 xg' ] c;/x¿sf] ;"rL agfpm .

ljm| ofsnfk @

ltdLn] w"dkfg :jf:Yosf nflu xflgsf/s 5 eGg] yfxf kfof} . ltdLn]
wd" kfgaf6 xg' ] c;/x¿af/] ;fyLefO, kl/jf/ / 5/l5ds] nfO{ ;rt] gf
hufpg] kf:] 6/x¿sf] gdg' f tof/ kf/ .

lj|mofsnfk #

ltdLn] lrgs] f JolStx¿n] s:tf] ks| f/sf w"dkfg ;]jg ug{] u/s] f 5g,\
tflnsf agfpm .

d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 103

cEof;

!= tnsf kZ| gx¿sf] pTt/ n]v / lzIfsnfO{ b]vfpm M

-s_ wd" kfg eGgfn] s] s] s/' fx¿ k5{g\ <
-v_ wd" kfg ug{] dflg;sf] z/L/ sg' tTTjn] ubf{ v/fa u5{ <
-u_ w"dkfg ug{s] f] z/L/df s:tf ;d:ofx¿ b]lvG5g\ <
-3_ w"dkfgsf sf/0faf6 nfUg] ltg cf]6f /f]ux¿sf gfd
nv] .

@= lbOPsf zAbx¿nfO{ ;'xfpb“ f] u/L vfnL 7fpd“ f e/ M

7'nf JolStx¿ glhs ;'tL{ lgsfl] 6g nt s/

-s_ w"dkfg ubf{ =========================================sf] ko| fu] ul/G5 .

-v_ ;fgf s]6fs]6Lx¿n] ==========================================sf] gSsn

u/L r'/f]6 vfg' /fd|f] xf]Og .

-u_ ;t' L{df kfOg] xflgsf/s kbfy{sf] gfd=================+xf] .

-3_ r'/f]6 vfg] JolSt dfq xf]Og=============================a:g]

JolStnfO{ klg v/fa c;/ kf5{ .

-ª_ ;'tL{ ;j] g nuftf/ u¥of] eg] o;sf] =====================nfU5 .

-r_ ;fyLn] w"dkfg ug={ ====================u¥of] eGbd} f o;sf] ;]jg

ug{' x'b“ }g .

:jf:Yo ;Gb]z

gu/f“} wd" kfg, wd" kfgn] lnG5 Hofg .

104 d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

kf7 *

b'3{6gfsf sf/0fx¿

;kmf / ;Dd k/]sf] db} fgdf dfq vn] vn] f“} .

b3' 6{ gf ljleGg sf/0faf6 xg' ;S5 . w/] h} ;f] b3' 6{ gf af6fdf lx“8\bf,
;jf/L ;fwgdf r9\bf jf cfn] {b+ f, xltof/ rnfp“bf xg' ;S5g\ . c¿
sf/0fn] klg b3' 6{ gf xg' ;S5 . sg' } b'3{6gf cfk\mg} c;fjwfgLn] xg' ]
u5{g\ .
;x/ ahf/df klg ;8s b'36{ gf x'g] vt/f xG' 5 . ;x/df uf8L, df]6/
;fOsn / dflg;x¿sf] ;ªV\ of lbglbg} a9b\ } 5g\ . 6f« lkms lgod kfng
u/L lx“8\bf b3' {6gfaf6 aRg ;lsG5 . ;'/Iffsf pkfox¿ ckgfPsf]
v08df b'3{6gfx¿af6 aRg ;lsG5 .

d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 93

af6f] sf6b\ f ha] f| j|ml;ªaf6 dfq sf6f“}

uf“p3/df ljbo\ fno hfb“ f cfp“bf jg hªu\ n, vfn] fgfnf, eL/kfvfsf]
af6f] lx8“ g\ k' g]{ x'G5 . xf]l;of/Lkj" {s glx“8]df n8g\ ] jf 3fp rf]6 k6s
nfUg ;S5 . ?vaf6 v;] klg b3' 6{ gf xG' 5 .
s'g} b'3{6gf jf 3fp rf6] k6s nfud] f tTsfn 8fS6/ tyf :jf:Yo
;+:yfsf] ;]jf pknAw gx'g ;S5 . 3fOt]sf] cj:yf lau|g glbg
kf| ylds pkrf/ ugk'{ 5{ . k|fylds pkrf/ eg]sf] s'g} b'36{ gfsf]
j]nf 3fOtn] fO{ c:ktfn jf :jf:Yo ;+:yf gk¥' ofOGhn] t?' Gt lbOg]
;]jf xf] . o:tf] ;]jf kf| ylds pkrf/ ;DaGwL l;k x'g] JolStn] lbg
;S5g\ . ;fgf 3fp jf rf6] k6snfO{ 3/d} f klg 86] fn] jf ;kmf kfgLn] ;kmf
u/]/ k6\6L nufO{ k|fylds pkrf/ ug{ ;lsG5 . 7'nf] 3fp / rf6] k6s
nfus] f] an] f w/] } /ut aUg glbO{ c:ktfn jf :jf:Yo ;:+ yfdf nfgk' 5{ .
k|fylds pkrf/ lbP/ xfdL 3fOts] f] Hofg hfu] fpg ;S5f“} . kf| ylds

94 d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

pkrf/ ;DaGwL 1fg / l;k ;an} ] hfg] pkofu] L xG' 5 . b3' 6{ gf tyf
rf6] k6ssf sf/0f la/fdLsf] cj:yf laug| glbg kf| ylds pkrf/sf]
Joj:yf ug{'k5{ .

ljm| ofsnfk !

tnsf lrqx¿ x/] . lrqdf u/s] f sfox{ ¿ l7s 5g\ jf 5}gg,\ nv] . tL
lsg l7s 5g\ jf lsg a]l7s 5g\, sf/0f klg n]v M

d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 95

ljm| ofsnfk @

ltdf| ] cufl8 sg' } ;fyLnfO{ rf6] nfUof] eg] ltdLn] s] ug'{k5{ < ltdLn]
ug{'kg]{ dbtsf] ;r" L cfkm\ gf] sfkLdf nv] .

pbfx/0f M

3fOtn] fO{ k|fylds pkrf/ lbg'k5{ .

cEof;

!= tnsf kZ| gx¿sf] pTt/ b]pm M
-s_ b3' {6gf s;/L s;/L x'G5 <
-v_ b3' 6{ gfaf6 aRg s] s] ug{k' 5{ <
-u_ ;fgf rf6] k6s nfud] f 3/d} f s;/L pkrf/ ug{ ;lsG5 <
-3_ k|fylds pkrf/ eg]sf] s] xf] <
-ª_ k|fylds pkrf/ ePkl5 b'3{6gfdf k/s] f] JolStnfO{ s]

ug'k{ 5{ <

96 d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

@= hf8] f ldnfpm M -s_ ;jf/L b3' {6gfaf6 aRg] pkfo
-v_ ;kmf / ;'/lIft xg' k' 5{
-s_ :jf:Yo ;:+ yf -u_ rf]6k6s ePsf]
3_ 3fOt]sf] cj:yf laug| glbg]
-v_ kf| ylds pkrf/
-u_ vn] db} fg pkrf/
-3_ 6«flkms lgod -ª_ pkrf/ ug{] :yfg

-ª_ ;x/ -r_ oftfoftsf] ;l' jwf


:jf:Yo ;Gb]z

wfl/nf xltof/, lahn' L / cfufa] f6 6f9f a;f}“, b'36{ gf
/ rf]6k6s nfUgaf6 arf“} .

lzIf0f lgb{z] g
ljBfyLx{ ¿nfO{ b3' 6{ gf x'g] sf/0fx¿ / b'3{6gf x'g ;Sg] :yfgx¿ pbfx/0f;lxt k|:6 kfl/lbg'xf];\ .
b3' 6{ gf xg' a' f6 aRg] pkfox¿af/] lrqåf/f 5nkmn u/fpg'xf];\ .
b'3{6gf eof] eg] k|fylds pkrf/sf] ;j] f lngk' 5{ eGg] s'/f ae' mfpg'xf];\ / o;af6 xg' ] kmfObfaf/]
JofVof ug'{xf;] \ .

d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 97

kf7 (

:jf:Yo ;j] f

xfdL ljleGg sf/0faf6 la/fdL kg{ ;S5f}“ . la/fdL ePdf pkrf/
ug'{k5{ . pkrf/ u/k] l5 l56f] /fu] lgsf] xG' 5 . ufp“ tyf ;x/
ahf/df :jf:Yo ;]jf lbg] ;+:yfx¿ x'G5g\ . tL ;+:yfx¿n] ljleGg
/fu] x¿sf] pkrf/ / :jf:Yo ;DaGwL ;Nnfx ;e' mfj klg lbG5g\ . ;do
;dodf ljleGg /f]uaf6 aRg ;O' { tyf vfk] sf sfo{jm| dx¿ ;~rfng
u5{g\ . b3' 6{ gfdf k/s] f dflg;sf] pkrf/ klg u5g{ \ .

la/fdL k/d] f pkrf/ ug{ / :jf:Yo ;DaGwL
;Nnfx lng :jf:Yo ;j] f lbg] 7fp“x¿df
hfgk' 5{ . cfkm\ gf] kl/jf/, l5d]s / 6f]
nsf dflg;x¿ la/fdL k/]df pgLx¿nfO{
:jf:Yo ;j] f lngsf nflu ;Nnfx lbgk' 5{ .
la/fdLnfO{ x]/rfx / dfof ug'{k5{ .
la/fdL kbf{ klg :jf:Yo ;j] f lngdf l9nf
ug'{ x'“bg} .

/f]u nfUg glbgsf nflu ;dod} vf]k ;]jfx¿ lngk' 5{ . an] f an] fdf
:jf:Yo ;j] f lbg] ;:+ yfx¿df uO{ :jf:Yosf] hfr“ u/fof“} eg] /f]ux¿af6
aRg ;S5f“} . o:tf ;O' { vf]kx¿ :jf:Yo rfs} L, :jf:Yo s]Gb| tyf
c:ktfndf nufOG5 . :jf:Yo ;:+ yfx¿ :jf:Yo ;]jf lbgsf nflu vf]
lnPsf x'g\ . :jf:Yo ;:+ yfaf6 kfpg] ;j] fx¿ pkofu] ugk'{ 5{ . 8fS6/

98 d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

:jf:Yo sfos{ tfs{ f] ;Nnfx ln“b}

/ :jf:Yo sfo{stf{x¿sf ;Nnfx dfGgk' 5{ . :j:y z/L/df s'g} /fu]
nfUbg} . :j:y hLjg ;'vL x'G5 .

d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 99

lj|mofsnfk !

sIffdf ePsf cfkm\ gf ;fyLx¿;u“ cfkm\ gf efOalxgLx¿nfO{ sg' sg' /fu] sf] lj?¢
sg' sg' vfk] slt slt k6s nufPsf 5g,\ ;fw] / tnsf] tflnsfdf e/

ljbo\ fyL{sf] gfd vf]ksf] gfd vf]k ;ª\Vof vfk] nufPsf] jif{ 7fp“

-s_ /fdxl/ aL=;L=hL b'O{ k6s @)^$ xN] ykf]:6

-v_ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +++++++++++

-u_ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + ++++++++++

-3_ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +++++++++++

-ª_ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +++++++++++

lj|mofsnfk @

cfk\mgf] :jf:Yo ;:+ yfaf6 s:tf] s:tf] ;j] f kfOG5 c? ;+u ;fw] /] ;r" L

tof/ kf/

100 d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

!= tnsf kZ| gx¿sf] 5f]6f] pTt/ n]v M
-s_ :jf:Yo ;j] f lsg lng'k5{ <
-v_ vf]k lsg nufOG5 <
-u_ :jf:Yo ;+:yfaf6 s'g s'g ;]jf lng ;lsG5 <
-3_ :jf:Yo ;]jf lbg] sg' } bO' { cf6] f ;+:yfsf] gfd n]v .
@= vfnL 7fp“ e/ M

-s_ :jf:Yo ;DaGwL ;]jf lbg] ;+:yfnfO{ ======== elgG5 .

-v_ /f]u nfUg glbg ;dod} ===== lng'k5{ .
-u_ :j:y z/L/df xTtkTt ======== nfUb}g .
-3_ :jf:Yo s]Gbd| f ====== n] la/fdLnfO{ ;Nnfx lbG5g\ .

:jf:Yo ;Gbz]

aRrf hGd]sf] 5 dlxgfkl5 aRrfnfO{ ux“', dsh} :tf cGg /
bfn, rgf, xl/of ;fukft tyf kxn“] f kmnkm" n vj' fpgfn] aRrf
lg/f]uL / :j:y xG' 5 .

lzIf0f lgb]{zg M

ljBfyLx{ ¿nfO{ :jf:Yo ;j] f lbg] :yfgx¿, h:t} M :jf:Yo rf}sL, k|fylds :jf:Yo sG] b|, c:ktfn
cflbaf/] kl/ro lbg'xf;] \ . :jf:Yo ;]jf sG] bx| ¿n] lbg] u/]sf ;]jfx¿, h:t} M pkrf/ ;j] f, cfsl:ds
;]jf, vfk] ;j] f, dftl[ zz' :jf:Yo ;j] f, kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;j] f, k|;"lt ;j] f cflb ;DaGwL JofVof
ul/lbgx' f;] \ .

d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 101

kf7 !)

wd" kfg

;t' L{ jf ;t' L{ ePsf] kbfy{ ;j] g ug{] sfon{ fO{ wd" kfg elgG5 . r'/f6] ,
la8L, vg} L, tdfv' cflb ;'tLa{ f6 ag]sf j:t'sf] ;]jg ug{' w"dkfg
xf] . wd" kfg xfd|f] :jf:Yosf nflu xflg sf/s xG' 5 .
;'tL{df kfOg] ljleGg xflg sf/s
/f;folgs kbfy{dWo] ‘lgsf]l6g’
klg Ps xf] . lgsf]l6gsf] c;/
t'?Gt} gb]lvP klg o;n] la:tf/}
kmfS] ;f] / 3f6“ Ldf c;/ kf5{ . wd" kfg
ugfn{ ] 3f6“ L / kmfS] ;fs] f] SofG;/
x'g] ;Defjgf x'G5 . o;n] d'6s' f]
;d:of klg Nofp“5 . w"dkfg
:jf:Yosf nflu xflgsf/s ePsf] xb“' f o;sf] ;j] g ugx{' b“' g} . wd" kfg ug{]
;fyLx¿sf] ;ªu\ t klg ug{' xb“' g} . xfdLeGbf 7n' f dflg;x¿n] wd" kfg
u/s] f] bv] ] klg To:tf] afgL l;Sg' xb“' g} . wd" kfg ug{] sfon{ ] wd" kfg ug{]
JolStnfO{ dfq xfO] g ;u“ } a:g] JolStx¿nfO{ ;dt] c;/ u5{ .
Ps b'O{ k6s csf{sf] b]vfl;sL jf s/sfkdf w"dkfg u¥of] eg]
wd" kfg ug{] g/fdf| ] nt a:5 . wd" kfgsf] s'nt nfu]kl5 5f8g\ sl7g
xG' 5 . wd" kfg ug]x{ ¿sf] ;f; uGxfpg] / bf“t, cf7] , lhaf| ], 5fnf sfnf]
xg' fsf] ;fy} vf]sL nfUg], bd a9\g,] 5ftL b'Vg] / kl5 uP/ d6' s' f]
;d:of x'g] ub{5 .

102 d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

3/df s;}n] w"dkfg u5{ eg] of] afgL 5f]8fpgsf nflu dbt
ugk{' 5{ . sg' } ;fyLn] r/' f6] , vg} L, la8“ L ;j] g u/s] f] yfxf kfPdf wd" kfg
gug{ ;Nnfx lbg'k5{ . ;]jg ug{ g5f8]df lzIfs jf cleefjsnfO{
eg/] ;D´fpgk' 5{ . ;fyLx¿n] ldn/] pgnfO{ wd" kfg 5f8] g\ bafa
lbg'k5{ . o;n] ubf{ p;nfO{ w"dkfg 5f8\g s/ nfU5 . 3/df
cfdfaa' fn] wd" kfg u/s] f] bv] fl;sL u/L wd" kfg ug{' xb“' g} . pxfx“ ¿nfO{
To;sf] g/fd|f] c;/ atfpg'k5{ . w"dkfg ug'{ :jf:Yosf nflu
xflg sf/s 5 eGg] rt] gf ;db' fodf k}mnfpg'k5{ . wd" kfg nfus] f]
JolStnfO{ To:tf] sn' t 5f8g\ ;Nnfx lbgk' 5{ . wd" kfgn] wg / :jf:Yo
b'j} s/' fsf] gfz u5{ .

lj|mofsnfk !

tnsf] 36gf cWoog u/L wd" kfgsf] c;/ atfpm M

ltdL sg' } ;fyLsf] 3/df uPsf lyof} . ;fyLsf 3/df ;fyLsf] cfdfn]
r'/f]6 klg vfgx' b'“ f] /x5] . Ps 306fleq ltdLn] ltdf| ] ;fyLn] klg Ps
bO' { ;sf{] tfGbf] /x5] eGg] s/' f yfxf kfof} .

ltdf| ] ;fyLnfO{ atfpg wd" kfgaf6 xg' ] c;/x¿sf] ;"rL agfpm .

ljm| ofsnfk @

ltdLn] w"dkfg :jf:Yosf nflu xflgsf/s 5 eGg] yfxf kfof} . ltdLn]
wd" kfgaf6 xg' ] c;/x¿af/] ;fyLefO, kl/jf/ / 5/l5ds] nfO{ ;rt] gf
hufpg] kf:] 6/x¿sf] gdg' f tof/ kf/ .

lj|mofsnfk #

ltdLn] lrgs] f JolStx¿n] s:tf] ks| f/sf w"dkfg ;]jg ug{] u/s] f 5g,\
tflnsf agfpm .

d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 103

cEof;

!= tnsf kZ| gx¿sf] pTt/ n]v / lzIfsnfO{ b]vfpm M

-s_ wd" kfg eGgfn] s] s] s/' fx¿ k5{g\ <
-v_ wd" kfg ug{] dflg;sf] z/L/ sg' tTTjn] ubf{ v/fa u5{ <
-u_ w"dkfg ug{s] f] z/L/df s:tf ;d:ofx¿ b]lvG5g\ <
-3_ w"dkfgsf sf/0faf6 nfUg] ltg cf]6f /f]ux¿sf gfd
nv] .

@= lbOPsf zAbx¿nfO{ ;'xfpb“ f] u/L vfnL 7fpd“ f e/ M

7'nf JolStx¿ glhs ;'tL{ lgsfl] 6g nt s/

-s_ w"dkfg ubf{ =========================================sf] ko| fu] ul/G5 .

-v_ ;fgf s]6fs]6Lx¿n] ==========================================sf] gSsn

u/L r'/f]6 vfg' /fd|f] xf]Og .

-u_ ;t' L{df kfOg] xflgsf/s kbfy{sf] gfd=================+xf] .

-3_ r'/f]6 vfg] JolSt dfq xf]Og=============================a:g]

JolStnfO{ klg v/fa c;/ kf5{ .

-ª_ ;'tL{ ;j] g nuftf/ u¥of] eg] o;sf] =====================nfU5 .

-r_ ;fyLn] w"dkfg ug={ ====================u¥of] eGbd} f o;sf] ;]jg

ug{' x'b“ }g .

:jf:Yo ;Gb]z

gu/f“} wd" kfg, wd" kfgn] lnG5 Hofg .

104 d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

zf/Ll/s lzIff

kf7 !

ultzLn cj:yfsf l;kx¿

lx“8g\ ,' bf}8g', pk|mg' / km\ of“Sg'

lx8“ \g', bf}8g,' pkm| g' / k\mof“Sg' ultzLn cj:yfsf l;kx¿ x'g\ . Ps
7fp“af6 csf{] 7fp“df ;gk{' g{] v]nx¿nfO{ ultzLn vn] x¿ elgG5 .

lhp ttfpg] sfox{ ¿
d kªl\ Stdf a;L lx8“ \g] cEof; u5{' . lx“8b\ f ;'?df ss' 'R{ rfsf] efun]
6]s/] To;kl5 k~hfn] 6S] g] u5{' . d :jtGq ¿kn] cufl8, k5fl8,
bfof“, afof“ bf}8g ;S5' . d afª\uf]l6ª\uf] gfuan] L bf8} klg bf8} g
;S5' . ca xfdL ;a} ldnL oL sfo{snfk u/f“} .

ltg ldg6] ;Dd ca v6' \6f 38“' f;Dd
3/] fdf bf8} f}“ prfNgk' 5{ .

ca 3/] fdf afoft“ km{ Ps 105
kmGsf nufpg] clg pN6f]
lbzftkm{ 3D' gk' 5{ .

d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

bf8} fO
d ;fyLx¿;u“ ldn/] #) ld6/ b/' L;Dd bf}8g ;S5' . /fd|/L bf8} gsf
nflu lbglbg} cEof; u5'{ . ca lzIfssf] lgbz{] gcg;' f/ ldn/] bf8} f“} .

xlkª÷l:slkª
d Ps v6' 6\ fn] xk u//] k/;Dd kU' g ;S5' . d xk ubf{ hg' v6' 6\ fn] pkm| ]
sf] xf] To;} v6' 6\ fn] 6S] 5' . l:slkª klg ug{ ;S5' . ca cEof; u/f“} .

106 d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

pk|mfO

d pkm| /] xfjfdf 3d' L kmsg{ ;S5' . d bf8} /] cfO{ k/;Dd pkm| g ;S5' .

d ;fyLx¿;u“ tft“ Ldf a;/] cfÇgf] kfnfd] f pkm| G5' . ca cEof; u/f}“ .

;an} ] o:t} eO' d“ f 6S] bf cufl8
cEof; u/f“} . em'Sgk' 5{ .

%) ;]=ld !)) ;]=ld

d cfwf ld6/sf] prfO;Dd xfOhDk ug{ ;S5' .

b'Ol{ t/ kfn] /fv]/ 8f]/LnfO{
gf£g /dfOnf] x'G5 .

o;/L w/] } pkm| g s“r} L tl/sfn]
;ls“b}g . ;lhnf] x'G5 x} .

d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 107

;fyLx¿nfO{ pkm| g ;3fpg d ;fyL;u“ ldn/] 8f/] L ;dfOlbG5' .

;a} ;fyL ldn]/ o;/L klg
vN] g ;lsG5 lg, xg} / .

k\mof“sfO
d ann] xfg]/ 6f9fsf] lg;fgfdf nufpg ;S5' .

o;/L g} 3/] f
leqaf6 an kmfnf}“

lzIf0f lgb{z] g M
o; PsfOleq lx8“ fO, bf8} fO, pkm| fO, km\ ofs“ fOcGtu{tsf lj|mofsnfkx¿ ;dfjz] ul/Psf 5g\ . ;a}
ljm| ofsnfkx¿sf nflu cfjZos lhp ttfpg] sfos{ f nflu ltg cf]6f sfox{ ¿ lbOPsf 5g\ . ;a}
lj|mofsnfk u/fpg' cufl8 ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ltg ;dx" df ljefhg u/L ltg :yfgdf ltg ltg ldg6]
lrqcg';f/sf sfox{ ¿ kfn}kfnf] u/fP/ dfq v]ndf kj| z] u/fpg'xf;] \ .
oLafx]s cGo sfo{x¿ klg o;} k|sf/ lhp ttfpg] sfoc{ Gtut{ u/fpg ;lsg] 5 .

108 d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

kf7 @

l:y/ cj:yfsf l;kx¿

ljleGg cj:yfsf s;/tx¿
Ps} :yfg cyjf :yfg kl/jtg{ gu/Lsg ul/g] s;/tx¿nfO{ l:y/
cj:yfsf s;/t elgG5 .
em' lG8g,] em' Ng] / r9g\ ] sfo{snfk
d vDafdf r9g\ / ´g{ ;S5' . d df6] f] 8f]/Ldf klg r9g\ ;S5' .

8f]/Ldf r9\g]

xft 5'6]df eO' d“ f
nl8G5 . xf]; ug'{ x}

;fyL xf] !

8f/] Ldf em' Ng]

d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 109

ljleGg tl/sfn] ul/g] zf/Ll/s s;/tx¿

d a;]/, ;t' ]/, 3fK] 6f] k//] , p7]/ ljleGg s;/tx¿ ug{ ;S5' . oL
ljleGg s;/tx¿ ubf{ z/L/ km' ltn{ f] xG' 5 . oL s;/tx¿n] cGo
v]nx¿ v]Ng dbb\ t u5{ .

;a} cf7 cf7
k6s u/f}“ x} .

;t' ]/ ug{] s;/t ca bj' } v'6\6f Ps}
rf]l6 p7fpg] .
bfof“ v6' 6\ f cf7rf]l6 / afof“
v6' 6\ f cf7 rf]l6 p7fpg] .

Ps v'66\ f prfNg] s;/t bj' } v'66\ f prfNg] s;/t

;fyLx¿ bfof“ v6' 6\ f

afof“ xft x} ¤

kfn}kfnf] Ps xft / v6' \6fn] 6s] /] ug]{ s;/t

3f]K6f] k/]/ xft cufl8 /fVg] s;/t 3fK] 6f] k/]/ xft k5fl8 nfg] s;/t

3f]K6f] k/]/ xft bfofa“ fof“ k}mnfpg] s;/t 3f]K6f] k//] xft uwg{ df /fVg] s;/t

110 d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

kf7 #

sjfh

sjfh xfdL ;dx" df ;fyLx¿;“u Ps;fy vN] 5f}“ . o;df ul/g] sfo{
cfbz] cg;' f/ x'G5 . lzIfsn] cfbz] lbg'x'G5 / xfdL cfbz] cg;' f/
sfo{ u5f“{} . sjfh vN] bf xfdL tft“ L jf kªl\ Stdf pleP/ v]N5f“} . tf“tL
/ kªl\ Stdf ple“bf l7s;“u plegk' 5{ .

tft“ Ldf pleg] sfos{ nfk

xfdL tft“ Ldf pleb“ f Pskl5 csf]{ u/L pleG5f}“ .

ple“bf tf“tLsf ;a} hgfsf] Pscfk;sf] b'/L a/fa/ x'gk' 5{ .

kªl\ Stdf pleg] sfos{ nfk

kªl\ Stdf pleb“ f ;?' df Ps hgf bflxg] plegn] fO{ gt] f dfG5f“} . To;kl5

af“sL ;fyLx¿ v's'nf] d'7L agfO{ bfof“lt/sf] ;fyLsf] s'ddf 5f]P

g5f]Ph:tf] b'/L agfO{ pleG5f“} .

d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 111

o;/L kªl\ Stdf ple“bf afofl“ t/ kªl\ St a9fpb“ } hfG5f“} .

uf]8fkmf6, ;ts{, lj>fdsf sfo{snfk
sjfh vn] df c¿ sfo{ ;?' ug{' cufl8 uf8] fkmf6 / ;tss{ f ljm| ofsnfk
u5f{}“ . lzIfsn] c¿ lgbz{] g ug{ / cf/fd ug{ lj>fdsf] cfbz] lbOG5 .

uf8] fkmf6 /
;ts{df rNg' /
afN] g' xb“' g} x} ¤

;ts { uf8] fkmf6 lj>fd

112 d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

kf7 $

zf/Ll/s Jofofd

zf/Ll/s Jofofd ;a} pd]/sf dflg;nfO{ cfjZos k5{ . lbglbg}
zf/Ll/s Jofofd ugf{n] z/L/ :j:y / km' ltn{ f] eO{ z/L/sf cª\ux¿
alnof x'G5g\ . ;dx" df ;fyLx¿;“u ldn]/ zf/Ll/s Jofofd ubf{ w/] }
/dfOnf] x'G5 . oxf “ xfdL sx] L tflnsfx¿ cEof; ug{] 5f“} .
tflnsf g= ! M xftsf] Jofofd

tflnsf g= @ M xft / v6' \6fsf] Jofofd

d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 113

tflnsf g= # M sd' sf] Jofofd
tflnsf g= $ M xft / 5ftLsf] Jofofd
tflnsf g= % M xft / sDd/sf] Jofofd

114 d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

tflnsf g= ^ M sDd/sf] Jofofd
tflnsf g+= & M lhp 3d' fpg] Jofofd
tflnsf g= * M tlGsg] Jofofd

d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 115

;?' sf] cj:yf M tflnsf g= & sf] clGtd cj:yf, h:t} M
uGtL ! M afof“ v6' 6\ f km6o\ fP/ bj' } xft cfkm" k6l\ 6sf] sf“wdf

/fVg] .
uGtL @ M s's'{Rrf p7fP/ sfw“ df 5fP] sf] xftnfO{

sfw“ sf] l;wf kf/]/ dfly nfg] .
uGtL # M xftnfO{ dflyaf6 emf/]/ uGtL @ df h:t}

/fVg] / s's{'Rrfn] 6S] g] .
uGtL $ M ; ?' sf] cj:yfdf cfpg] .
uGtL %–!% M ; fx] L sfo{ bfofl“ t/ ug]{ .
uGtL !^ M ; ts{ cj:yfdf cfpg] .
tflnsf g= ( M em' s]/ ug]{ Jofofd

;'?sf] cj:yf M tflnsf * sf] clGtd cj:yf
uGtL ! / @ M afof“ v6' \6f afofl“ t/ ;f/]/ sDd/ ´s' fP/ a f o f “

v6' \6flt/ ´'Sg] / xftn] afof“ v6' \6f 5g' ] .
uGtL # / $ M xft k5fl8 tn kf//] lhpnfO{ k5fl8lt/ ´n' fpg] .

116 d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

uGtL % / ^ M bfofl“ t/ ;fx] L sfo{ bfx] f¥] ofpg] .

uGtL !^ kl5 bj' } xftnfO{ v'6\6f km6fPs} cj:yfdf bfof“lt/ dfly
b]vfpg] .

tflnsf g=+ !) M z/L/ 3d' fpg] Jofofd

;?' sf] cj:yf M v6' 6\ f km6fP/ bj' } xft bfof“ dfly p7fpg] .

uGtL !–$ M ;'?sf] cj:yfaf6 cufl8 e'ms/] bfof“lt/ z/L/nfO{
3'dfpb“ } nu]/ Ps rSs/ k/" f u/]kl5 kml] / bfofl“ t/
nflu b'j} xft ;?' sf] cj:yfdf h:t} /fVg] .

uGtL %–* M uGtL $, #, @, / ! af6 3'dfpg] .
uGtL !^ ku' k] l5 ;ts{ cj:yfdf cfpg] .

lzIf0f lgbz{] g

zf/Ll/s Jofofd tflnsf ;ft;Ddsf] sIff @ df ul/;ss] fn] tflnsf * b]lv !) ;Ddsf] Jofofd
ug]{ tl/sf dfq lbOPsf] 5 . o; sIffdf tflnsf g+= ! b]lv !) ;Ddsf] cEof; u/fpg'kg]{ 5 .
zf/Ll/s Jofofd kf7sf] ¿kdf dfq glnO{ cGo sfo{snfksf nflu lhp ttfpg] s;/tsf ¿kdf
klg u/fpg ;lsg] 5 .

d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 117

kf7 %

;fwf/0f vn] x¿

;fwf/0f vn] x¿ t?' Gt} ;lhn} vN] g ;lsG5 . ;fwf/0f v]n ljleGg
tl/sfn] v]Ng ;lsG5 . tLdWo] xfdL o; sIffdf xft ;dfO{ nv6] /]
vl] ng] v]nx¿sf] cEof; ug{5] f}“ .

hf]8L nv6] fO
;?' df bO' { hgf ljBfyL{x¿ xft ;dft/] hf8] Lx¿ aGg'k5{ . c¿ vN] g]
ljBfyL{x¿ d}bfgleq 5l/P/ /xgk' 5{ . vn] ;'?sf] ;ªs\ ]t kfpgf;fy
hf]8Ln] 5g' sf nflu nv]6g\ k' 5{ .
hf8] Låf/f 5fO] Psf ljBfyL{ db} fgsf] lsgf/df xft p7fP/ hf8] L gkfP;Dd
pleg'k5{ . klxnf] hf]8Ln] 5f]P/ gof“ hf]8L tof/ xg' f;fy xft ;dfP/
afs“ L ljBfyLx{ ¿nfO{ nv6] \g hfgk' 5{ . o; k|sf/ nv6] \g] hf8] Lsf] ;ª\

118 d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

Vof a9b\ } hfG5 / clGtd;Dd klg 5g' g;lsg] Ps hgf ljBfyLn{ fO{
ljhoL 3fl] ift ul/G5 .

l;jm| L nv]6fO

;'?df bO' { hgfn] xft ;dfO{ l;j|mL agfp“5g\ . b'O{ hgfn] c¿nfO{
nv6] \5g\ . hltnfO{ 5fo] f] ;a}n] l;jm| Ldf a;L nv]6\gk' 5{ . l;jm| L
nv6] fOaf6 5g' ar]sf] Ps hgf ljhoL aG5 .

lzIf0f lgb{z] g M

;xefuL ;ªV\ ofcg;' f/sf] d}bfgsf] gfk l;dfgf agfpgx' f;] \ .
v]ncl3 ultzLn / l:y/ cj:yfdf lhp ttfpg] s;/t u/fpgx' f;] \ .
xft ;dfO{ l;jm| L agfP/ bf8} g' kg]{ x'gfn] b3' 6{ gf xg' ] ;DefjgfnfO{ ;hu u/fpgx' f];\ .
l;jm| Lsf] xft 56' d] f jf 56' g\ uPdf l;jm| Ldf a9L ;ªV\ of xg' n] fO{ dfq vn] df lg/Gt/tf lbg
lgb]z{ g lbg'xf;] \ .

xft ;dfO{ bfl} 8g] xg' fn] tfnd]n ldnfpg'kg{] af/d] f atfpg'xf];\ .

d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 119

kf7 ^

:yfgLo vn] x¿

cfcfk\mgf] 7fp“cg';f/ v]lng] v]nx¿ :yfgLo v]n xg' \ . 7fp“cg;' f/
:yfgLo vn] ljleGg tl/sfn] vN] g] ul/G5 . xfdL ;fyLx¿ ldn]/
:yfgLo vn] vN] 5f“} . :yfgLo vn] kl| t xfdL uf}/j u5f}{“ . s]xL k|rlnt
:yfgLo v]nx¿sf gfd o; ks| f/ 5g\ M
-s_ u6\6f v]n -v_ £jfO“sf;f

-u_ af3rfn -3_ r'ª\uL vn]

120 d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

-ª_ 8G8Llaof]

8G8Llaof] gk] fnsf] kf| rLg vn] xf] . of] vn] bO' { ;dx" sf lardf
v]lnG5 . xfdL klg ldn]/ 8G8Llaof] v]nsf] cEof; u/f}“ .

7\ofs nufpg] cEof;

7o\ fs nufpg] cEof; 8G8Llaof] v]nsf] Pp6f l;k xf] . of] cEof;
Ps Ps hgfsf] lardf jf b'O{ ;d"xsf lardf vN] g ;lsG5 . ;dx" df
vN] bf ;fd"lxs efjgfsf] ljsf; x'G5 .

h;n] klxnf %)) uGtL k'¥ofp5“

p;s} f] lht xG' 5 x} t ¤

x'Tofpg] cEof;

laof] x'Tofpg] / ;dfpg] ;dx" 56' \ofpg 6; u/f}“ . xT' ofpg] ;d"xsf

s'g} Psn] laof] xT' ofcf}“ . ljkIfLx¿ db} fgdf 5l/P/ ;dfpgsf nflu

tof/Ldf a;f“} .

d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 121

8G8Llaof] 3/

x'Tofpg] Ifq]

x'Tofpg] vn] sf] ;fwf/0f lgod M

xT' ofOPsf] laof] ljkIfLn] ;dftd] f cª\s kfp“b}g, olb ;dfTg g;sd] f
hxf“ laof] v:5, ToxLa“ f6 8G8L3/df /x]sf] 8G8Ldf xfGg'k5{ .
xfgs] f] laofn] ] 8G8Ldf nfud] f xT' ofpgs] f] kfnf] ;dfKt eO{ csf{] ;dx" sf]
klxnf] JolStsf] kfnf] cfp5“ .
kmfns] f] laofn] ] 8G8Ldf gnfud] f 8G8Laf6 hlt k/ laof] v:of,] 8G8Lsf]
gfkaf6 gfk/] uGtL ug]{ .
hg' ;dx" n] clGtd cªs\ klxn] k'¥ofp5“ ;f]xL ;dx" sf] lht xG' 5 .

lzIf0f lgb{z] g M

:yfgLo vn] sf] ¿kdf oxf“ sx] L :yfgLo vn] x¿ lbOPsf 5g\ . lzIfsn] cfk\mgf] :yfgdf v]lng]
u/]sf :yfgLo vn] x¿ klg vn] fpg'k5{ .
;fwf/0f vn] , :yfgLo v]n, clegofTds v]n, syfgs v]n cflb h'g;'s} lj|mofsnfk u/fpb“ f klg
;?' df lhp ttfpg] sfo{ / cGtdf lhp lr;fpg] sfo{ u/fpg'kb{5 .
cfjZos ;fdfgsf] klxn] g} Joj:yf ug{x' f;] \ .
8G8Llaof] h:tf v]ndf x'g ;Sg] ;Defljt b3' 6{ gfaf6 aRg ;tst{ f ckgfpgx' f];\ .
;xefuL ;ªV\ ofsf cfwf/df ;fdfgsf] Joj:yf ugx'{ f;] \ .
v]n ;DaGwL ;fwf/0f lgodx¿ agfP/ vn] cl3 g} tof/L cj:yfdf /xgx' f;] \ .
/fd|/L ;ª\ul7t eP/ vN] g hflg;sk] l5 kl| tofu] fTds vn] klg ;~rfng ugx{' f;] \ .

122 d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

kf7 &

xfdL clego u/L vn] vN] 5f}“

sg' } hgfj/ jf dflg;n] ug{] sfd / cfjfhnfO{ h:tfsf] t:t} gSsn ug{
;lsG5 . o;/L p:t} u//] gSsn ug,{] clego ug{] jf cgs' /0f ug{] sfd
xfdL klg ug{ ;S5f“} . xfdL h:tf ;fgf pd/] sf ljBfyLx{ ¿nfO{ o:tf
vn] w/] } /dfOnf xG' 5g\ . ljleGg efjx¿ clego ubf{ xfdf| ] nfh dfGg]
afgL x6g\ ] / lgwS{ s afN] g ;Sg] xG' 5f“} . oxf“ xfdL ljleGg hgfj/x¿sf]
pkm| fOsf] gSsn ug5{] f“} .
-s_ v/fof]sf] pkm| fO -v_ Eofut' fsf] pk|mfO

-u_ kf7fkf7Lsf] pkm| fO -3_ la/fnf] lx“8fO

lzIf0f lgb{z] g M

ljBfyLx{ ¿nfO{ lrq ;DaGwL 5nkmn u/fpb“ } gSsn ug{ kl]| /t ugx{' f;] \ . ;s;] Dd ;an} fO{ clego ug{
kfnf] lbgx' f;] \ . ;dx" / JolStut ¿kdf 56' 6\ f56' 6\ } clego u/fpgx' f;] \ . sIffsf7] fdf ;Dej geP
rf/} df nu/] klg sIff ;ªu\ 7g ldnfpgx' f;] \ . lzIfs cfkm} “ clegodf gdg' fsf nflu ;ljm| o aGgx' f;] \ .

d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 123

kf7 *

syfgs vn] x¿

s'g} syfdf cfwfl/t eP/ clego u/L vn] v]nd] f To;nfO{ syfgs
vn] elgG5 . syfgs vn] df syfdf ePsf kfqx¿n] ug{] ljleGg
lj|mof k|ltlj|mofsf] xfpefp gSsn ug{] ul/G5 . dnfO{ syfgs vn] df
clego ug]{ w]/} OR5f 5 . xfdL ;fyLx¿ ldn]/ syfgs vn] x¿ eGg]
/ ug{] cEof; ug{] 5f“} .

tnsf syf k9 / clego u/ M

ljm| ofsnfk !

Pp6f d';f] rL“ rL“ s/fP/ otfptf 3'ld/x\of] . TolTts}df Pp6f
la/fnf] Dofp“ Dofp“ ub}{ b]vf k¥of] . la/fnfsf] cfjfh ;'gL d;' f] 8/fof] /
rL“ rL“ ug{ aGb u¥of] .

lj|mofsnfk @

cfdf 3/df n'uf ;s' fO /xg' ePsf] lyof] . alxgL ;hgL 3/5]p wf/fdf
nu' f wfO] /xs] L lyOg\ . ;fGgfgL eg] af/Ldf 3f;“ sfl6/xs] L lyOg\ . To;}

a]nf af/L glhs :ofn x'Oo“ f ss=== xO' o“ f ss========= u/]/ s/fof] .

:ofnsf] cfjfh ;g' ]/ ;fGgfgL / ;hgL 8/fO{ 3/tk{m kms“b{ } lyP .
lar af6fdf k'Ubf cfdf ux' f/, u'xf/=========ub}{
s/fPsf] ;'g]/ ;fGgfgL / ;hgL cfdftkm{ bf8} ] .

124 d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

lj|mofsnfk #

/fdKof/L Ogf/glhs nu' f wfO] /xs] L lyOg\ .
Ogf/af6 aflN6gdf kfgL tfGg yflng\ .
la:tf/} ef“8fdf kfgL vGofOg\ .
kfgLdf n'uf kvfnL lgrf]/]/ 3fddf ;'sfOg\ .

lzIf0f lgb]z{ g

;an} fO{ clegosf nflu dfs} f lbgx' f;] \ . lhp ttfpg] s;/t u/fpgx' f;] \ . ;xefuLsf nflu pTk/]| 0ff
hufpg] lj|mofsnfk u/fpg'xf];\ . clegosf nflu cfjZos jftfj/0f agfpg'xf];\ . clegocl3 /
kl5 ljBfyLx{ ¿nfO{ tfnL ahfpg nufpg'xf;] \ . lzIfsn] kl/l:ylt ;'xfp“bf syfx¿ l;h{gf ug]{ /
ljb\ofyL{x¿nfO{ klg ;f]xLcg;' f/ clego ug{ nufpgx' f];\ .

d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 125

kf7 (

dnfO{ esG' 8f] pkmfg{ cfp5“

esG' 8f] ljleGg ks| f/sf xG' 5g\ . leq xfjf /x]sf esG' 8fx¿ a9L
pk|mG5g\ . es'G8f] pkmf/]/, kmfn/] / ;dfP/ v]Ng hfg]df /dfOnf]
xG' 5 . oxf“ xfdL esG' 8f] e'O“df pkmfg{] ljleGg tl/sfx¿af/] cEof;
ug]{ 5f}“ .

lj|mofsnfk !

bO' { xft ko| fu] u/L esG' 8f] pkmfg{] /
;dfpg] sfo{ klg Ps vn] xf] . lrqdf
h:t} xftsf cf}“nfx¿ lk“mhfP/
esG' 8fnfO{ la:tf/} e'O“df ahf/f“} .
o; ks| f/sf] cEof; sDtLdf klg
b; b; k6s u/f“} .

ljm| ofsnfk @

Ps xft ko| fu] u/L esG' 8f] eO' d“ f 6Kkf (Dribble) ug{ ;S5f“} .

126 d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

lrqdf h:t} ;dfts] f] annfO{ la:tf/} Ps xftdfly /fvL eO' l“ t/
ahf/f}“ .

esG' 8f] cfkm" lt/ p7g\ f;fy To;} xftn] cfn“} fx¿ lkm“ hfP/ eO' l“ t/} wsn] f“} .

of] cEof; klg sDtLdf b; b; k6s u/f“} .

lj|mofsnfk #

xfdL esG' 8fnfO{ w/] } tl/sfaf6 kmfn/] ;fyLsf] xftdf k¥' ofpg ;S5f}“ .

d l;wf an kf; u5{' . ltdLn] h;n] kmfn]sf] an larsfn]
an tnaf6 kf; u/ x} !
5G' 5 pm g} lardf a:g] x} !

d]/f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 127

ljm| ofsnfk $

v'66\ fn] an kf;
xfdL an v6' 6\ fn] xfg]/ ;fyLnfO{ kf; lbG5f}“ . kf; kfPsf] an /fs] ]/
km] l/ kf; lbG5f“} .

an u'8g\ ] u/]/ l7s 5 an d]/f] 7fp;“ Dd
dfq xfgf“} g ! k'Ug] u/L xfg g .

k9 / vn] M

-s_ ufn] f] 3]/fdf a;L Ps xft k|ofu] u/L kf“r kfr“ k6s esG' 8f]
ahfg{] / ;dfpg] cEof; u/ . ;fyLnfO{ kfnf] lbO{ cfk"m Ps
rSs/ bf8} ]/ 3d' /] cfO{ km] l/ cfk\mgf] 7fp“df a; .

-v_ ;fyLx¿ ;a} nfOgdf a; . cufl8b]lv kfnf] ;'? u/ . k/cufl8
/flvPsf] lrx\g kf/ geP;Dd esG' 8fnfO{ eO' d“ f pkmfg{] cEof;
ub{} hfpm . To;kl5 Ps xftn] es'G8f] kmfnL ;fyLnfO{ kf;
bp] m / cfkm" k5fl8 uP/ a; .

128 d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

-u_ ufn] f] 3/] f agfpm . kfnk} fnf] lardf uP/ es'G8fnfO{ v6' 6\ fn]
l56f] l56f] l8a« n ub{} Ps rSs/ nufpm . glhssf] ;fyLnfO{
an kf; lbP/ cfk\mgf] 7fpd“ f a; .

-3_ lrx\g nufP/ uf]nf] 3]/f agfpm . ;fyLx¿ ;a} 3]/faflx/ a;
/ lardf Ps hgf ;fyLnfO{ /fvL 5Ng nufpm . 3/] f aflx/af6
es'G8f] xfGbf b'O{ xft ko| f]u u/L eO' “df 7fs] fP/ -pkmf//] _ dfq
;fyLnfO{ tfSg] cEof; u/ .

-ª_ hf]8Ldf ldn/] esG' 8f] kmfNg], ;dfpg] / pkmfg]{ cEof; u/ .
b'O{ ;fyL cfDg];fDg] a;L bfof“ / afof“ ;b{} es'G8fdfly km\ ofs“ L
Ps kmGsf 3d' ]/ ;dfTg] pkm| ]/ ;dfTg], tfnL ahfp“b} ;dfpg]
cflb ljleGg ljm| ofsnfkx¿sf] cEof; u/ .

lzIF0f lgbz{] g

ljm| ofsnfkcl3 lhp ttfpg] s;/t u/fpgx' f];\ .
;xeflutfcg';f/ ;fªu\ 7flgs 9fr“ f / es'G8fsf] ;ª\Vof Joj:yf ug{x' f;] \ .
;s;] Dd ljm| ofsnfknfO{ /fr] s agfpg ;xefuLx¿nfO{ s'g} g s'g} sfod{ f Jo:t u/fO/fVg'xf];\ .
x/]s lj|mofsnfksf] cfjZostfcg';f/ k|bz{g u/L tl/sfaf/] a'´fpg] / ;xeflutfsf nflu
kf| T] ;fxg lbg'xf;] \ .
ljm| ofsnfksf nflu cfjZostfcg;' f/ ;fª\sl] ts lrxg\ ko| fu] ug'x{ f];\ .

d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 129

kf7 !)

lhDgfl:6s sfo{

lhDgfl:6s sfon{ ] z/L/df nrstfsf] ljsf; u5{ . o;df ul/g]

s;/tx¿n] z/L/ ;Gtn' g /fVg klg dbt u5{ . oxf“ xfdL ljleGg

s;/tx¿ ug{] 5f“} . xftn] ;Gtn' gsf nflu cf7k6s
push up ugk{' 5{ !,@,========== .
ljm| ofsnfk !
;a}nfO{ gf£g ;s]
xftsf] ;Gtn' g kl5 d klg cGtdf

Push ups o;/L g} a:5' .

lj|mofsnfk @ v6' 6\ f km6fP/ 5ftLn]
eO' “df 5g' k' 5{ .
v6' \6f km6fpg]

ljm| ofsnfk # bfof“ v'6\6fn] cf7k6s swing
u//] afof“ v6' 6\ fn] klg u5'{ .
z/L/sf] ;Gt'ng

130 d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

lj|mofsnfk $ o;f] ubf{ xftsf] zlSt a9\5
t/ v'6\6f tGsfpg'k5{ x} !
xfkm x]G8 :6o\ fG8

ljm| ofsnfk %

afs; sf6{x\ljn
afs; dflyaf6 sf6x{ l\ jn ubf{ ;?' df la:tf/} sd prfOaf6 ugk{' 5{ .

lj|mofsnfk ^

sf6x{ \ljn
oL cEof;x¿ ul/;sk] l5 sf6{x\ljn ug{ ;lhnf] xG' 5 . sf6x{ l\ jn
ubf{ ;?' df afof“lt/ ´s' ]/ afof“ xft / To;kl5 bfof“ xftn] 6s] ]/
plePh:tf] u/L afofl“ t/ kN6/] bfof“ uf]8f / afof“ uf8] fn] 6S] 5f}“ .

d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff # 131

kf7 !!

;Gtn' g

cK7o\ f/f] / hl6n cj:yfdf cfkm\ gf] z/L/nfO{ pEofP/ /fVg ;Sg' g} ;Gtn' g
xf] . ;Gtn' gdf a:g] cEof; u//] ;Gtl' nt xg' ] l;ksf] ljsf; ugk{' 5{ . o;
ljm| ofsnfkn] xfdL cfkm\ gf] z/L/sf] ;Gtn' g sfod ug{ ;S5f“} .

ljm| ofsnfk ! o;/L xfdL klg
lx8“ g\ ] cEof; u/f“} .
kmns] df ;Gt'ng

ljm| ofsnfk @

v8' \lsnfdf ;Gt'ng
of] sfo{ ubf{ ;?' df kmn]sdf ug{ ;sd] f ;lhnf] xG' 5 . cEof;
/fdf| ] x'“b} uPkl5 t;] f]{ sf7df klg lx“8\g ;S5f}“ .

v8' \lsnfdf lx“8g\ ]

!% ;=] ld vfnL 7fp“df 6]Sb} cufl8 a9\g]

v'8l\ snfdf 6]Sb} cufl8 a9g\ ] d/] f] lj1fg, :jf:Yo tyf zf/Ll/s lzIff M sIff #

132