WHAT IS ROPE COURSE?

RoWpehCaotuirsse?



HASHIM BIN A. RAHIM @ ABD RAHMAN

SITI NURLIYANA BINTI MOHD SUKRI
NURUL HANISAH BINTI KAMARUL HATTA

CWoRhuoarpsteeIs?

PUBLISHER:

First Edition

Copyright Reserved
Terbitan 2021

All right reserved. No part of this publication may be
reproduced, distributed in any form and by any means
including photocopying, electronic, recording and more without
the permission of the author and publisher of the Department
of Tourism and Hospitality.

Politeknik Sultan Idris Shah

What is Rope Course?
Published in Malaysia by:

Politeknik Sultan Idris Shah
Sungai Lang, 45100
Sungai Air Tawar
Selangor

TEL : 03 3280 6200
FAX : 03 3280 6400

Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

Hashim A. Rahim @ Abd Rahman, 1977-
What is Rope Course? / HASHIM BIN A. RAHIM @ ABD RAHMAN,
SITI NURLIYANA BINTI MOHD SUKRI, NURUL HANISAH BINTI KAMARUL HATTA. Mode
of access: Internet
eISBN 978-967-2860-37-2
1. Ropes courses.
2. Rope--Safety measures.
3. Outdoor education.
4. Government publications--Malaysia.
5. Electronic books. I. Siti Nurliyana Mohd Sukri, 2001-. II. Nurul Hanisah Kamarul
Hatta, 2001-. III. Title. 371.384

Writer & Editor:
Hashim Bin A. Rahim @ Abd Rahman
Nurul Hanisah Binti Kamarul Hatta
Siti Nurliyana Binti Mohd Sukri



PREFACE

All Praise and Gratitude we extend the presence of God
Almighty for the grace, taufiq and Guidance given to us
so that we can complete a book entitled "What is Rope
Course?”. The purpose of creating this book is to help
students and instructors regarding the rope course in
detail.

The book will also provide complete information about
the material they will learn from reliable and useful
sources as additional material for learning. The
production of this book is not only with our efforts,
there are many parties who have helped us to complete
it especially our supervisor Mr. Hashim because he has
guided us a lot shared and collected materials to
complete this book as well as family and friends for
support.

We are also aware that the book we created is not yet
perfect. Therefore, we solicit support from readers so
that we can make improvements to further improve
our abilities and skills in eBook writing.

CONTENTS

01 INTRODUCTION

HISTORY
CONCEPT
ORGANIZATION
TYPE OF ELEMENT

02 EQUIPMENT

HOW TO CARE EQUIPMENT
EQUIPMENT
ANATOMY

03 SAFETY & RISKS

SAFETY
RISKS

04 TYPES OF ROPES

TYPES OF ROPES
HOW TO CARE & MAINTENANCE
TYPES OF ROPES TIES

05 ACTIVITIES OF ROPES
COURSE

ACTIVITIES OF ROPES COURSE

06 REFERENCES





CHAPTER 1

Introduction

HISTORY 1-3

Terrestrial Recreation Tourism
High Rope Course
The Rope

CONCEPT 4-6

Definition of Rope Course
Purpose for Elements
Benefit Rope Course

ORGANIZATION 7-8

Persatuan Kembara Malaysia
Persatuan Jurulatih Rekreasi
Malaysia

TYPE OF ELEMENT 9
10
High Element
Low Element

QUIZ

Terrestrial Recreation Tourism HISTORY

1) Pre -British Colonial Period

During the pre -British colonial period, the country at that time
did not directly have a structured and formal education system.
Education at that time was very much focused on informal
classes of study such as religious classes while the position of
Lifelong Sports and recreation at that time could be said not to
be prioritized and did not have a clear objective.

2) Pre -Independence Period

In the pre-independence era around the 1930s, various efforts
were made to formulate a syllabus for Lifelong Sports and
recreation began. The content of the syllabus is mostly similar to
the physical training syllabus of schools in England. In 1946, the
Sultan Idris Teachers College, Tanjung Malim, Perak enacted a
physical training syllabus. A series of policy changes began in 1952,
local teachers began to be sent abroad to be trained as teachers.
They are trained in Lifelong Sport and recreation and Health
Education at Kirby Brisnford.

1

3) The Post -Independence Era

In the post-independence era, the Lifelong Sports and Recreation
syllabus produced by the Sultan Idris Teachers College was used in the
1950s with some adaptations1 and amendments. The syllabus was
reviewed and in 1966, one syllabus for boys and girls has been
completed. Lifelong sports and recreation first came to prominence in
1960 when the College of Special Education began the One -Year Extra
course on Lifelong Sports and Recreation. This course was extended to
women in 1961. (Mohd.Soffian et.all, 2003). In 1971, the Lifelong Sports
and Recreation syllabus began to be revised again and issued in two
languages ​namely Malay and English (Wee Eng Hoe, 1998). Lifelong
sports and recreation have been combined with health lessons, the
combination of these two subjects is then made into one core subjects

1 that are compulsory for all students in the school.

Well, you all already know about the High Rope Course

history of Terrestrial Recreational

Tourism. So, what about the history for

the High Rope Course and the ropes?

History of High

Rope Course

In 1937 a German philosopher and teacher
named Dr. KURT HUNT has found many young
sailors killed compared to older sailors when
collisions in the ocean while on a voyage.
Thus , Dr.Kurt Hunt has created a challenging
system of using high rope and low rope tip
cable specifically for young sailors by using the
merchant ship in 1937 the ship Laurence Holt.
With this system the young sailors have
managed to save themselves in the collisions
that occur.
In addition, high rope activities were originally
technical skills used during victim rescue
activities and required high tying and knotting
skills and how to use equipment properly and
safely.
High rope activities are also widely used in
team building programs because they can
boost the confidence of the participants.
Now this activity has been absorbed into an
interesting but extreme outdoor recreational
activity.




2

The Ropes History of
The Ropes

Rope means long
strands made of various
materials that serve to
tie, pull, snare, tether,
hang and so on.
Etymologically, the rope
can be defined as
everything related to
the function and use of
rope.

3

CONCEPT Definition

A challenging
outdoor personal
development and

team-building
activity usually
consist of high or
low elements.

4

Low Element PURPOSE
High Element
Generally focus on personal
achievements and request that
participants tackle their own fears
and anxieties. Challenges may be
physical or emotional. In certain
cases, high element programs involve
the development and mastery of
technical skills to manage rope belay
systems used to secure other climbers
as they move through the course such
as exploring the fundamentals of
trust, craftsmanship and coaching.

Often designed to explore group
interaction, problem-solving, and
leadership. Some of the commonly
claimed outcomes include
enhancement of cooperation,
decision making, self-confidence,
positive risk-taking, social cohesion,
trust, self-esteem, leadership, goal
setting, and teamwork.

5

Benefit
Rope Course

Decision Physical &
Making Mental
Health
Communication
Skill Positive
Risk-
Taking

Leadership Memory
Skill & Solve
problem
Work
Overlooked Self
Confidence
Muscles

6

Organization

Persatuan Kembara Negara Date 26th July 2004
Established Datuk Dr. Mohd Khalid Yunus

Founder

Objectives Carry out sports and recreational
activities and other activities that


can benefit members.

Sowing the spirit of love and loyalty
to religion, race and State.

Shape:
The triangular shape symbolizes the three
main branches of recreational activities,
namely land, water and air. A traveler
means someone who has a burning
passion and is ready to face all the
challenges and obstacles ahead.

Logo Motto:
'Making Life An Adventure'

Description Color:

Red - Symbolizes the spirit that is always
burning in the face of all challenges and
obstacles.
Blue -Symbolizes strong unity, peace and
well-being with each other.
Green - Symbolizes the greenery of

nature, well -being and peace and fertility.

Black - Symbolizes the spirit of tenacity

and perseverance of the traveler himself

7 in exploring nature.

Organization

Date Year 1998 Persatuan Jurulatih Rekreasi Malaysia
Established NOR RIJAM IBRAHIM

Founder

Objectives Organizing and providing training and
programs related to outdoor recreation.


Human capital development by training and

imparting skills related to outdoor
recreation.

HOW TO WANT TO BE A MALAYSIAN RECREATION
COACH

There are 3 stages in the process of becoming a
Recreational Coach:-

Level 1 - Basic Outdoor Recreation Course Level 1
(OUTREC 1)
In this course participants will be given exposure
and introduction to the basics of recreation.
Course duration: 4 days 3 nights

Description Level 2 - Outdoor Recreation Skills Course Level 2
(OUTREC 2)
This course will focus more on the participants'
skills in recreational activities. Participants are
required to go through all of the above activities
intensively.
Course duration: 8 days 7 nights

Level 3 - National Outdoor Recreation Coaching 8
Course Level 3 (OUTREC 3)
Participants who successfully participate in this
course are the participants selected during the
screening. Participants must fully master the
skills in outdoor recreation.
Course duration: 10 days 9 nights

Type of Element

HIGH
ELEMENT

Usually constructed in trees or
made of utility poles and requires

a belay for safety.



Example activities:
Wall climbing, abseiling,

flying fox.

LOW
ELEMENT

A ground-based obstacle course
designed to encourage team
building and personal

development. Low element take
place on the ground or above the

ground.



Example activities:
- Burma bridge, mohawk walk,

nitro crossing.

9

Let's Play!

To play the game, you
need to scan the QR Code
at above or use this link:
https://qrgo.page.lin
k/a1dTF

10

CHAPTER 2

Equipment

HOW TO CARE 11
EQUIPMENT 12-42

EQUIPMENT 43-46

Carabiner
Helmet
Harness
Belay Devices
Figure of Eight
Hand Gloves
Hoof / Boot
Sling / Lanyard
Webbing Tape
Ascender & Descender
Pulley

ANATOMY

Carabiner
Helmet
Full Body Harness
Half Harness

How to Care Equipment

Make sure all equipment is clean before and after
being used.
The coach should check and make a test on all
equipment according to standards and shelf life or
even easier record in a logbook.
Do not expose the equipment to that temperature
hot or cold like rain or sunlight which is scorching.
Do not drop all equipment at a height of 7 feet. If this
happens, equipment shall be marked and separated
as well on x-ray if necessary (excluding all types of
cords).
Do not measles or dispose of all equipment before or
after use.
Determine all equipment is stacked or hung (rope
only) in a place or store provided which is free
ventilation in or out.
Make sure all types of ropes are not bitten by rats,
cockroaches, ants and many more.
Check in once a week for everyone's equipment
when stored too long inside the storage store.
Inspection card or record book shall be provided
during the inspection.
All equipment that can no longer be used, shall be
marked and separated.

11

1) Carabiner Equipment

12

A carabiner is a closed loop
made of aluminum alloy
material consisting of a pin or
screw gate section.

A carabiner is a device used to
attach a rope to a hanger, a rope
to a rope or a rope to a harness.

In high rope activity the
carabiner plays an important
role in the safety system of the
climber.

Period of use : 3 year warranty
if used frequently, if it falls to a
height of 7 ‟it can no longer be
used.

13

How to care for a carabiner:

The carabiner always works well, keep
the carabiner clean, especially from
sand.

If the carabiner door is stuck, wash in
warm water using soap. Rinse
thoroughly and place lubricant on
hinges, pin holes and screws.

Do not store carabiners in salty air
and humid air.

Never drop a carabinar as a hit
carabinar will crack and reduce the
weight capacity limit.

Every time you use the carabiner, do
not tighten the locking sleeve too
tight, this is because when there is a
load on the carabiner, it will make the
locking sleeve tighter and difficult to
reopen.

14

Type of carabiner :

1.Modified D-Shape 2.Pear Shape

Carabiner Carabiner

3.Oval Shape 4.Screw Lock
Gate

15

5.Twist Lock Gate 6.Triple Lock
Gate

7.Straight Gate 8.Bent Gate

9.Wire Gate

16

17

2) Safety Helmet

Safety helmets are important
safety equipment during high
rope activities.

It serves to protect the head
from any impact that can cause
serious injury.

Used safety helmets must be
stored properly in the store.

Period of Use: 5 year warranty
if used frequently

18

19

3) Harness

The harness consists of a nylon
material worn on the body for high
rope activities.

The ready to wear harness
consists of two, namely full body
harness and half body harness.

Full body harness is more suitable
for child participants for safety
purposes.

Strength : 24 kilonewton (kN) or
2,400 kilogram (kg).

Used when high rope training is
performed.

Period of use : 3 years warranty if
used frequently.

20

Type of Harness :
1. Half Harness

2. Full Body Harness

21

4) Belay Devices

22

Belay device consists of
equipment used during belaying
activities.

This equipment is widely used to
help climbing activities such as
rock-climbing, rappelling, and
tree climbing.

Its main feature is that it assists
in braking when receiving load
shocks.

The care of these equipments is
the same as the care of
carabinar.

Period of use: 3 years warranty
if used frequently.

23

Type of Belay Devices:
1. Grigri

2. Air Traffic Controller (ATC)

24

25

5) Figure of Eight

Figure of eight or decender is a
device used to control speed when
participants are descending from
abseiling.

It is called the figure of eight
because of its shape.

This equipment is very strong and
lightweight. Each figure of eight
can accommodate a maximum of
3000 kilogram (kg) it depending on
equipment.

The way to take care of the figure
of eight is the same as the
carabinar.

Period of use: 3 years warranty if
used frequently

26

27

6) Hand Gloves

Hand gloves should be used
during high rope activities to
protect the hands from
abrasions and injuries.

Hand gloves are usually not
worn during rock or wall
climbing activities as it will
reduce the effects of finger
grip.

The best hand gloves are made
from a layer of leather
material as it is more durable
and safe.

Period of use: 5 years warranty
if used frequently.

28

Type of Hand Gloves :
1.Full Gloves

2. Half Gloves

29

7) Hoof / Boot

30

Usage: Specially designed shoe
shapes according to different
climbing styles. Designed for
climbing. If used for other
activities, the rubber will
quickly break down.
Care: Do not expose to hot
weather. Insert a wad of
newsprint when not in use.
The example :

31

8) Slings/Lanyard

32

A sling or lanyard is an item of
climbing equipment that consists of a
loop tied or sewn from webbing tape.

It is used to wrap a tree trunk or rock
to connect to other parts of the
equipment.

The way to take care of the sling is the
same as the kernmental care because
the sling also has nylon elements.

The sling has a maximum carrying
capacity ofk 22 kilonewton (kN) or
2243 kilogram (kg).

Period of use: 3 years warranty if used
frequently.

The example :

33

9) Webbing Tape

34

Webbing tape is very useful to use
during emergency situations and
when rescue activities are carried
out.

Webbing tape can be used as a
modified harness and connector to
slings.

The care method of webbing tape is
the same as the kernmental care
method because it is nylon.

Its use will help to reduce the load
on the caramental rope and reduce
damage.

The example :

35

10) Ascender & Descender

36

Main uses is to climb rope
or for tighten the rope.

Ascender: Ascending
Descender: Decreased

Able to accommodate
weight 2400 kilogram
(kg).

Period of use: 5 years
warranty if used
frequently.

37

1. Ascender
2. Descender

38