FUNDAMENTAL OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY QUICK SELF-CHECK Dr Mazlina Jamaludin Budiah Karmilie Che Kadir Shariza Mohd Khalid
QUICK SELF-CHECK FUNDAMENTAL OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY Dr Mazlina Jamaludin Budiah Karmilie Che Kadir Shariza Mohd Khalid
POLITEKNIK SULTAN IDRIS SHAH JABATAN PENDIDIKAN POLITEKNIK DAN KOLEJ KOMUNITI (JPPKK) KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN TINGGI Copyright Reserved Published 2023 No part of this book may be reproduced in any form and by any means including electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording and so on without the written permission of the Author and Publisher of Sultan Idris Shah Polytechnic eISBN 9789672860556 Published by Politeknik Sultan Idris Shah Sg. Lang, 45100 Sg Air Tawar, Selangor Darul Ehsan No. Tel : 03 3280 6200 No. Fax : 03 3280 6400 Laman web : https://psis.mypolycc.edu.my
TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Authors Fundamentals of Tourism & Hospitality Chapter 1 : Profile of Tourism & Hospitality Industry Chapter 2 : Sectors of Tourism & Hospitality Industry Chapter 3 : Organization in Tourism & Hospitality Industry Chapter 4 : Tourism Impact Chapter 5 : Current Trends and Future Outlook for Global Tourism & Hospitality Chapter 6 : Tourism & Hospitality Career Opportunities Answer Glossary References ii 1 2 3 13 19 31 40 58 61 79 84 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
This book was developed for students as a study guide. We hope this book will be an effective companion for self-study and quick revision. It is hoped that you will use it wisely and effectively with success. INTRODUCTION Get Ready for your Exam ii
A U T H O R S Senior Lecturer Tourism and Hospitality Department Politeknik Sultan Idris Shah, Malaysia MAZLINA JAMALUDIN Senior Lecturer Tourism and Hospitality Department Politeknik Sultan Idris Shah, Malaysia BUDIAH KARMILIE CHE KADIR SHARIZA MOHD KHALID Easy to use Effective Helpful This book help you understand the topic before you get down to the fine details needed to get those higher grades. Try and revise topic by topic systematically. Word of advise. Avoid procrastination while doing revision. This book: Senior Lecturer Tourism and Hospitality Department Politeknik Sultan Idris Shah, Malaysia 1 The choice of your revision book is very personal. Hopefully , this e-book is convenient and fits your learning style. You can use this revision book to check your understanding of any topic learn. It is a free exercise to sharpen your understanding . This e-book is readily available on your palm covering all topics. This e-book is very handy at your finger tips . It was written to sharpen your understand on each topic. The amazing facts about this e-book is that, it gave a clearer snapshot and evaluate better understanding on each topic about the fundamental of tourism and hospitality. It is hope, students would benefits this Quick Self-Check: : Fundamentals of Tourism and Hospitality e-book effectively. Be a proactive student. Read smart, study early, and revise thoroughly before examination. Enjoy it. PhD. PREFACE FROM AUTHORS
FUNDAMENTALS OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY SYNOPSIS: FUNDAMENTALS OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY exposes students to the foundation of tourism and hospitality sectors, including the significance of tourism to the host and global communities. Students are also introduced to the career, academic and entrepreneurial prospects which exist in the industry. The reality of workplace demands and employability skills in the tourism and hospitality profession are also shown. Students are exposed to the importance of sustainable tourism practice in tourism and hospitality. COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES (CLO): Upon completion of this course, students should be able to: CLO1 : identify fundamental components of tourism and hospitality from various perspectives ( C1 , PLO 1 ) CLO2 : discuss the roles of tourism and hospitality business, impact, current trends and future outlook for global tourism and hospitality ( C2 , PLO 2 ) CLO3 : discuss the career opportunities, issues and challenges in tourism and hospitality effectively ( A2 , PLO 7 ) 2
1.0 PROFILE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY 1.1 RECOGNISE THE TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY 1.2 IDENTIFY TERMINOLOGIES IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY 1.3 HIGHLIGHT SUB SECTOR IN TOURISM INDUSTRY C H A P T E R 1
1.0 PROFILE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY 1. Which of the following statement is the definition of hospitality? Yang manakah diantara pernyataan berikut adalah definisi hospitaliti? A. Not adventurous but still opens to new experiences. Tidak lasak tetapi masih terbuka untuk pengalaman baru. B. Self-inhibiting, nervous, and non-adventurous. Menghalang diri, gementar dan tidak lasak. C. Friendly and generous reception and entertainment of guests, visitors or strangers. Penerimaan tetamu dan hiburan yang mesra dan murah hati kepada tetamu atau orang asing. D. Prefers less-developed spots to crowded and typical places. Cenderung memilih tempat yang kurang membangun dibandingkan tempat tempat yang sesak dan biasa. 2. A form of tourism involving visiting fragile, pristine, and relatively undisturbed natural areas while conserving the environment and the well-being of the local people. Satu bentuk pelancongan yang melibatkan melawat kawasan semula jadi yang bersih dan kawasan terpelihara sambil memulihara alam sekitar dan kesejahteraan penduduk tempatan. A. Eco Tourism. Pelancongan Eko. B. Sports tourism. Pelancongan Sukan. C. Shopping Tourism. Pelancongan Membeli-belah. D. Convention Tourism. Pelancongan Konvensyen. 4
Service are thing that cannot be touched. Hospitality goods & services relate to memories and experiences. They are impossible for people to sample or touch prior to arrival. Perkhidmatan adalah perkara yang tidak dapat disentuh. Barangan dan perkhidmatan perhotelan berkaitan dengan kenangan Tidak mungkin orang mengambil sampel atau menyentuh sebelum ketibaan. dan pengalaman. 3. Select the terminology that describe the above characteristic of tourism and hospitality. Pilih terminologi yang menerangkan ciri-ciri pelancongan dan hospitaliti. A. Intangibility. Tidak boleh disentuh. B. Perishable. Mudah Rosak. C. Inseparability. Tidak dapat dipisahkan. D. Variability. Kepelbagaian. 5 1.0 PROFILE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
1.0 PROFILE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY 4. Which of the following gives the exact meaning of tourism? Antara berikut, yang manakah memberikan maksud pelancongan yang tepat? A. The activities of people travelling. Kegiatan orang yang melancong. B. The activities of people travelling around the world. Kegiatan orang melancong ke seluruh dunia. C. The activities of more than one people travelling around the globe. Kegiatan lebih dari seorang yang melancong ke seluruh dunia. D. The activities of people travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not than one consecutive year for leisure and other purposes. Kegiatan orang yang melancong dan tinggal di tempat di luar persekitaran biasa tidak lebih dari satu tahun berturrut-turut untuk tujuan bersantai dan sebagainya. 5. Tourists leaving their country of origin to travel to another country. This refers to _______________ Pelancong meninggalkan negara asal untuk melancong ke negara lain. Ini merujuk kepada ______________ A. Inbound Tourism. Pelancongan Dalam Negeri. B. Outbound Tourism. Pelancongan Keluar Negeri. C. Backpacker. Pengembara. D. Domestic Tourism. Pelancongan Domestik. 6
1.0 PROFILE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY 7. Which of the following are the characteristics of tourism and hospitality industry? Manakah antara berikut adalah ciri-ciri industri pelancongan dan hospitaliti? A. Perishable, inseparability, and variability. Mudah rosak, tidak dapat dipisahkan dan kepelbagaian. B. Perishable, tangibility, inseparability, and variability. Mudah rosak, ketara, tidak dapat dipisahkan dan kepelbagaian. C. Perishable, intangibility and invariability. Mudah rosak, tidak ketara dan tidak pelbagai. D. Perishable, intangibility, inseparability and variability. Mudah rosak, tidak ketara, tidak dapat dipisahkan dan kepelbagaian. 7 6. The term hospitality basically refers to ______________ Terma hospitaliti secara asasnya merujuk pada ___________ A. The reception of tourists. Penerimaan pelancong. B. The relationship between customers and sevice provider. Hubungan antara pelanggan dan penyedia perkhidmatan. C. The relationship between guest and host, or the act of being hospitable. Hubungan antara tetamu dan tuan rumah, atau tindakan mesra tuan rumah. D. Welcoming the guest to use hotel rooms but not to use the facilities inside the hotel. Mengalukan kedatangan tetamu ke hotel tanpa menggunakan kemudahan di dalam hotel.
1.0 PROFILE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY 9. Define domestic tourist. Takrifkan pelancong domestik. A. Refer to the people who have holidays in their own country. Merujuk kepada mereka yang bercuti di dalam negara sendiri. B. Visitor who come here and they are originally not a residence of Malaysia. Pelawat yang datang dan mereka bukan menetap di Malayisa. C. Tourist whose main place of residence is in Malaysia, travelling outside of Malaysia. Pelancong di mana tempat tinggal utama di Malaysia, mengembara ke luar dari Malaysia. D. A tourist who travels beyond their usual country of residence. Pelancong yang mengembara ke tempat melangkaui negara asal tempat tinggal mereka. 8 8. The hospitality industry is a group of business that composed of establishments related to _________and food service management. Industri hospitaliti adalah sekumpulan perniagaan yang terdiri daripada syarikat berkaitan dengan _________dan pengurusan perkhidmatan makanan. A. travel agent ejen pelancongan B. lodging penginapan C. attraction place tempat tarikan D. culture budaya
1.0 PROFILE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY 10. State the meaning of tourism industry. Nyatakan maksud industri pelancongan. A. Encompass travel vendors for air, rail, cruise and motor coach travel and promote travel and vacation. Meliputi pembekal perjalanan untuk udara, rel, pelayaran dan permotoran dan mempromosikan perjalanan dan percutian. B. Refer to groups of business that composed of establishments related to lodging and food service management. Merujuk kepada kumpulan perniagaan yang berkaitan dengan penginapan dan pengurusan perkhidmatan makanan. C. The activities of person travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes. Aktiviti seseorang yang melancong dan tinggal di luar persekitaran biasa mereka untuk tidak melebihi daripada satu tahun berturut-turut untuk tujuan riadah, perniagaan dan lain-lain tujuan. D. Refer to the relationship between guest and host, or the act or practice of being hospitable. Merujuk kepada perhubungan di antara tetamu dan tuan rumah, atau perbuatan atau praktis amalan yang ramah. 9
1.0 PROFILE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY 11. Identify suitable places that related to historical attraction. Kenalpasti tempat yang sesuai yang berkaitan dengan tempat tarikan bersejarah. I. Mahsuri Tomb Makam Mahsuri II. Bugis Museum Muzium Bugis III. National Zoo Zoo Negara IV. Merdeka Square Dataran Merdeka A. I, II and III. I, II dan III. B. I, II and IV. I, II dan IV. C. I, III and IV. I, III dan IV. D. II, III and IV. II, III and IV. 10
1.0 PROFILE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY QUESTION 1 SOALAN 1 (a) Define the terms below: Takrifkan istilah di bawah: i) Tourist Pelancong ii) Excursionist Pelawat iii) Backpacker Pengembara [6 marks] [6 markah] (b) Identify THREE (3) typologies in the tourism and hospitality industry. Kenalpasti TIGA (3) tipologi dalam industri pelancongan dan hospitaliti [6 marks] [6 markah] (c) Describe FOUR (4) forms of tourism. Huraikan EMPAT (4) bentuk pelancongan. [8 marks] [8 markah] 11
1.0 PROFILE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY QUESTION 2 SOALAN 2 (a) Describe the definition of Tourism and give some examples. Terangkan definisi Pelancongan beri beberapa contoh. [4 marks] [4 markah] (b) Identify THREE (3) types of tourists. Kenalpasti TIGA (3) jenis pelancong. [6 marks] [6 markah] (c) Describe FIVE (5) sub-sectors in the Tourism industry. Terangkan LIMA (5) sub sektor dalam industri Pelancongan. [10 marks] [10 markah] 12
2.0 SECTORS OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY 2.1 IDENTIFY SECTORS WITHIN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY CHAPTER 2
1. Which of the following is NOT a sector in the tourism and hospitality industries? Manakah di antara berikut BUKAN sektor dalam industri pelancongan dan hospitaliti A. Medical Perubatan B. Food and beverages Makanan dan minuman C. Recreation and adventure Rekreasi dan pengembaraan D. Meeting, Incentive, Conference and Exhibition Mesyuarat, Insentif, Persidangan dan Pameran 2. Which of the following represent the national organization for tourism in Malaysia? Manakah antara berikut mewakili organisasi kebangsaan untuk pelancongan Malaysia? A. World Tourist and Tourism Council (WTTC) World Tourist and Tourism Council (WTTC) B. Pacific Area Travel Association (PATA) Pacific Area Travel Association (PATA) C. International Air Transport Association (IATA) International Air Transport Association (IATA) D. Tourism Malaysia Tourism Malaysia 2.0 SECTORS OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY 14
2.0 SECTORS OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY 3. The abbreviation MICE is referring to ______________ Singkatan MICE merujuk kepada ______________ A. Meeting, Incentives, Convention, Event Mesyuarat, Insentif, Konvensyen, Acara B. Meeting, Inception, Conference, Exhibition Mesyuarat, Pengasasan, Persidangan, Pameran C. Meeting, Incentives, Convention, Exhibition Mesyuarat, Insentif, Konvensyen, Pameran D. Meeting, Incentives, Conference, Exhibition Mesyuarat, Insentif, Persidangan, Pameran 4. Based on the statement above, what is X? Berdasarkan pernyataan di atas, apakah X? A. Casino Hotel Hotel Kasino B. Commercial Hotel Hotel Komersil C. Resort Hotel Hotel Resort D. Airport Hotel Hotel Airport 15 X is an establishment that features recreational activities for guests. These activities may be strictly for enjoyment, health purposes or both. X merupakan syarikat yang menampilkan aktiviti rekreasi untuk tetamu. Aktiviti ini mungkin hanya untuk keseronokan, tujuan kesihatan atau kedua-duanya.
2.0 SECTORS OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY 5. Tourism agency services refer to __________________________. Agensi perkhidmatan pelancongan merujuk kepada ______________. A. MAH, MATTA, BUMITRA, Tourism Malaysia MAH, MATTA, BUMITRA, Tourism Malaysia B. MAH, MTGC, BUMITRA, MOTAC, Tourism Malaysia MAH, MTGC, BUMITRA, MOTAC, Tourism Malaysia C. MAH, MATTA, MTGC, BUMITRA MAH, MATTA, MTGC, BUMITRA D. MAH, MATTA, MTGC, BUMITRA, Tourism Malaysia MAH, MATTA, MTGC, BUMITRA, Tourism Malaysia 6. The above statement refer to _________________________. Pernyataan di atas merujuk kepada ___________________. A. Recreation Rekreasi B. Travel and trade Perjalanan dan perdagangan C. Variability Kepelbagaian D. Attraction Tarikan 16 Performing & visual arts, natural attraction, entertainment, shopping, wildlife, historical, culture, theme parks. Seni persembahan dan visual, tarikan semula jadi, hiburan, membeli-belah, hidupan liar, sejarah, budaya dan taman tema.
2.0 SECTORS OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY 7. Cultural sites attractions including rock painting, rock etching, middens,mounds and other sites associated with indigenous people. Tarikan tapak budaya termasuk lukisan batu, goresan batu, "middens", busut dan tapak lain yang berkaitan dengan orang asli. A. Economic Ekonomi B. Recreational Rekreasi C. Pre-historical Pra-sejarah D. Contemporary Culture Budaya Kontemporari 8. _______________ must meets the needs of the present environment without comprising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs ______________mesti memenuhi keperluan persekitaran masa kini tanpa menjejaskan kemampuan generasi masa depan untuk memenuhi keperluan mereka sendiri. A. Responsible tourism Pelancongan bertanggungjawab B. Ecotourism Pelancongan eko C. Agro tourism Pelancongan agro D. Sustainable tourism Pelancongan mampan 17
2.0 SECTORS OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY QUESTION 1 SOALAN 1 (a) Discuss FIVE (5) objectives of establishment of Malaysia Association of Hotel (MAH) Huraikan LIMA (5) objektif penubuhan Malaysia Association of Hotel (MAH) [10 marks] [10 markah] (b) Explain FIVE (5) roles of Malaysian Association of Tour and Travel Agents (MATTA) Terangkan LIMA (5) fungsi Persatuan Pelancongan dan Agen Pelancongan Malaysia (MATTA) [10 marks] [10 markah] 18
3.0 ORGANISATIONS IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY 3.1 DISCUSS THE ROLE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY ORGANISATIONS CHAPTER 3
1 Which of the following organization is responsible to develop the framework of International Tourism Policy. Manakah organisasi berikut yang bertanggungjawab dalam membangunkan kerangka bagi dasar Polisi Pelancongan Antarabangsa. A. IATA IATA B. WTO WTO C. PATA PATA D. MATTA MATTA 2. Which of the following represent the national organization for tourism in Malaysia? Manakah antara berikut mewakili organisasi kebangsaan untuk pelancongan Malaysia? A. World Tourist and Tourism Council (WTTC) World Tourist and Tourism Council (WTTC) B. Pacific Area Travel Association (PATA) Pacific Area Travel Association (PATA) C. International Air Transport Association (IATA) International Air Transport Association (IATA) D. Tourism Malaysia Tourism Malaysia 20 3.0 ORGANISATIONS IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
"To study and promote the interest of the tourist and travel trade profession and to educate the public regarding the function of tours and travel agents". "Mengkaji dan mempromosikan kepentingan kerjaya industri pelancongan dan perjalanan dan untuk mendidik orang ramai mengenai fungsi pelancongan dan ejen pelancongan.". 3. The statement refers to ____________________ Kenyataan ini merujuk kepada _________________ A. Malaysia Aviation of Transportation Malaysia Penerbangan Pengangkutan B. Malaysian Association of Tour and Travel Agents Persatuan Ejen dan Pelancongan dan Pengembaraan Malaysia C. Malaysian Association of Travel and Tour Agents Persatuan Ejen dan Pengembaraan dan Pelancongan Malaysia D. Malaysian Association of Tour Guide and Travel Agents Persatuan Pemandu Pelancong dan Pengembaraan Malaysia 21 3.0 ORGANISATIONS IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
The functions of MTGC are to share information as an e-community and develop a strong interpersonal relationship between tourist guides and all related principles. Fungsi MTGC adalah berkongsi maklumat sebagai e-komuniti dan membangunkan hubungan antara peribadi yang kuat di antara pemandu pelancong dan semua prinsip-prinsip yang berkaitan. 4. MTGC refers to ____________________ MTGC merujuk kepada ________________ A. Malaysian Travel Guide Council Majlis Pemandu Perjalanan Malaysia B. Malaysian Tour Guiding Council Majlis Membimbing Pelancongan Malaysia C. Malaysian Tourist Guide Council Majlis Pemandu Pelancong Malaysia D. Malaysian Tourist Guiding Council Majlis Membimbing Pelancong Malaysia 22 3.0 ORGANISATIONS IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
5. Explain the function of United Nation World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). Terangkan fungsi United Nations World Tourism Organization UNWTO) I. Promoting the development of responsible, sustainable and universally accessible tourism Menggalakkan pembangunan pelancongan yang bertanggungjawab, mapan dan boleh diakses secara universal II. Encourages the implementation of the global code of ethics for tourism Menggalakkan pelaksanaan Kod Etika Global untuk pelancongan III. Act as a price-setting body for international airfare. Bertindak sebagai bahan penetapan harga untuk tambang antarabangsa. IV. Acting as a catalyst for the responsible development of the Asia Pacific travel and tourism industry. Bertindak sebagai pemangkin pembangunan industri pelancongan dan pelancongan Asia Pasifik yang bertanggungjawab. A. I and II I dan II B. II and III II dan III C. II and IV II dan IV D. III and IV IIIdan IV 23 3.0 ORGANISATIONS IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
It is based in Madrid. Is a united nations agency dealing with questions relating to Is a significant global body, concerned with the collection and Ia berpusat di madrid, Spain. Ia adalah agensi Petubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu yang Ia adalah sebuah badan global yang penting, yang berkaitan tourism. collection of statistical information on international tourism. berurusan dengan soalan yang berkaitan dengan pelancongan dengan koleksi dan pengumpulan maklumat statistik mengenai pelancongan antarabangsa 6. The above statements refer to: Kenyataan di atas merujuk kepada: A. Pacific Asia Travel Association (PATA) Persatuan Pelancongan Asia Pasifik (PATA) B. World Tourism Organization (WTO) Organisasi Pelancongan Dunia (WTO) C. The Association of South East Asean Nation (ASEAN) Persatuan Negara-Negara Asia Tenggara (ASEAN) D. Asean Tourism Association (ASEANTA) Persatuan Pelancongan Asean (ASEANTA) 24 3.0 ORGANISATIONS IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
7. Choose the suitable role that played by Malaysian Association of Tour and Travel Agents (MATTA). Pilih peranan yang sesuai dimainkan oleh agen-agen Persatuan Pelancongan dan Pengembaraan Malaysia (MATTA). I. To encourage, promote and extend the tourist and travel trade in. Untuk menggalak, mempromosi dan memperluas perdagangan pelancong dan perjalanan II. To promote good relations between the association, the government and public in general Untuk mempromosikan hubungan baik antara persatuan, kerjaan, dan orang awam III. To promote the interests of the travel and tour industry. Untuk mempromosikan kepentingan industri pengembaraan dan pelancongan IV. To organize trips and training program in and out of Malaysia. Untuk menguruskan perjalanan dan program latihan di dalam dan luar Malaysia A. I dan II I dan II B. I dan III I dan III C. II dan III II dan III D. III dan IV III dan IV 25 3.0 ORGANISATIONS IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
8. Which is TRUE about Malaysia Association of Hotels (MAH)? Manakah yang BENAR mengenai Persatuan Hotel Malaysia? A. A hotel company-owned trade group Suatu kumpulan perdagangan hotel milik persendirian B. Acts as a promotion and marketing organization Bertindak sebagai organisasi pemasaran dan promosi C. A federated association Sebuah persatuan bersekutu D. Act as an education group and information delivery Bertindak sebagai kumpulan pendidikan dan penyampaian maklumat 9. What is PATA? Apakah PATA? A. Pacific Area Travel Association Persatuan Pengembaraan Kawasan Pasifik B. Pacific Asia Travel Association Persatuan Pengembaraan Asia Pasifik C. Pacific Asia Tourism Association Persatuan Pelancongan Asia Pasifik D. Pacific Area Tourism Association Persatuan Pelancongan Kawasan Pasifik 26 3.0 ORGANISATIONS IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
"A specialized agency responsible for the responsible promotion, sustainable and universally accessible tourism. It is the leading international organization in the field of tourism which promotes tourism as a driver of economic growth, inclusive development, and environmental sustainability and offers leadership and support to the sector in advancing knowledge and tourism policies worldwide. " "Agenci khusus yang bertanggungjawab bagi prmosi yang baik, lestari dan pelancongan yang boleh diakses secara universal. Ia adalah organisasi antarabangsa terkemuka dalam bidang pelancongan, yang mempromosikan pelancongan sebagai pemacu pertumbuhan ekonomi, pembangunan komprehensif dan kelestarian alam sekitar, dan menawarkan kepimpinan dan sokongan kepada sektor dalam memajukan pengetahuan dan dasar pelancongan di seluruh dunia. " 10. This statement refers to: Pernyataan ini merujuk kepada: A. World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) B. International Air Transport Association (IATA) International Air Transport Association (IATA) C. The Association of South East Asean Nation (ASEAN) The Association of South East Asean Nation (ASEAN) D. Asean Tourism Association (ASEANTA) Asean Tourism Association (ASEANTA) 27 3.0 ORGANISATIONS IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
"It supports airline activity and helps formulate industry policy and standards. Besides, it sets technical standards, and organizes tariff conferences that served as a forum for price fixing. " "Ia menyokong aktiviti syarikat penerbangan dan membantu merumuskan dasar dan standard industri. Selain itu, ia menetapkan piawaian teknikal, persidangan, merancang tarif, persidangan dan forum penentuan harga. " 11. This statement refers to____________ Penyataan ini merujuk kepada ____________ A. Malaysia Airline System (MAS) Malaysia Airline System (MAS) B. International Air Transport Association (IATA) International Air Transport Association (IATA) C. Civil Aviation Authority of Malaysia (CAAM) Lembaga Penerbangan Awam Malaysia (CAAM) D. Asean Tourism Association (ASEANTA) Asean Tourism Association (ASEANTA) 28 3.0 ORGANISATIONS IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
3.0 ORGANISATION IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY 12. The mission of Malaysian Association of Hotel (MAH) is to act as: Misi Persatuan Hotel Malaysia (MAH) adalah bertindak sebagai: A. the official national network for the hotel industry of Malaysia, will act as the voice of the industry. Rangkaian kebangsaan rasmi untuk industri hotel Malaysia, akan bertindak sebagai suara industri. B. the official national network for the hotel industry of Malaysia, will act as the voice of the industry, working as one body to promote, protect, represent and advance the interests of its members. Rangkaian kebangsaan rasmi untuk industri hotel Malaysia, akan bertindak sebagai suara industri, bekerja sebagai satu badan untuk mempromosi, melindungi, mewakili, dan mengetengahkan kepentingan ahli-ahlinya. C. the official national network for the hotel industry of Malaysia, will act as the voice of the industry, working as one body to promote its members. rangkaian kebangsaan rasmi untuk industri hotel Malaysia, akan bertindak sebagai suara industri, bekerja sebagai satu badan untuk mempromosikan ahli-ahlinya. D. the official national network for the hotel industry of Malaysia, will act as the voice of the industry, and advance the interests of its members. rangkaian kebangsaan rasmi untuk industri hotel Malaysia, akan bertindak sebagai suara industri, dan mengetengahkan kepentingan ahli-ahlinya. 29
3.0 ORGANISATION IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY QUESTION 1 SOALAN 1 (a) Discuss FIVE (5) objectives of the establishment of the Malaysia Association of Hotel (MAH) Huraikan LIMA (5) objektif penubuhan Malaysia Association of Hotel (MAH) [10 marks] [10 markah] (b) Explain FIVE (5) roles of Malaysian Association of Tour and Travel Agents (MATTA) Terangkan LIMA(5) fungsi Persatuan Pelancongan dan Agen Pelancongan Malaysia (MATTA) [10 marks] [10 markah] (c) Explain FIVE (5) objectives of establishment of the ASEAN Tourism Association (ASEANTA) Terangkan LIMA (5) objektif pertubuhan ASEANTA. [10 marks] [10 markah] 30
4.0 TOURISM IMPACT 4.1 COMPARE TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY IMPACTS FROM DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVE 4.2 DISCUSS THE TOURISM MULTIPLYING EFFECT 4.3 DISCUSS SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN A GREEN ECONOMY CHAPTER 4
4.0 TOURISM IMPACT The recipients of direct expenditures spend the money to Penerima peruntukan perbelanjaan terus membelanjakan wang 1. Choose one of the following statements that shows the positive impact of tourism and hospitality towards economy. Pilih satu daripada pernyataan berikut yang menunjukkan kesan positif pelancongan dan hospitaliti terhadap ekonomi. A. Improvement of the area appearance Meningkatkan penampilan sesuatu kawasan B. Increase potential for imported labour Berpotensi menigkatkan kemasukan buruh asing C. Contribute to income and standard of living Menyumbang kepada pendapatan dan taraf hidup D. Greater tolerance of social differences Lebih toleransi terhadap perbezaan sosial purchase necessary goods untuk membeli barang-barang keperluan 2. The above statement refers to: Pernyataan di atas adalah merujuk kepada: A. Direct multiplier effect Kesan berganda langsung B. Indirect multiplier effect Kesan berganda tidak langsung C. Induce multiplier effect Kesan berganda mendorong D. Incomplete multiplier effect Kesan berganda tidak lengkap 32
4.0 TOURISM IMPACT 3. Identify the impact of tourism to the host community. Kenalpasti impak pelancongan kepada komuniti tuan rumah. A. Physiological Fisiologi B. World-Wide Economy Ekonomi Dunia C. Technological Aspects Aspek Teknologi D. Potential for Imported Labor Potensi Tenaga Kerja Import 4. Below are the correct facts of multiplying effect EXCEPT Berikut adalah fakta yang betul mengenai kesan berganda KECUALI A. Money spent by a tourist circulates through a country’s economy Wang yang dibelanjakan oleh pelancong tersebar di dalam \ ekonomi negara B. Provides more conferences, seminars, workshops and networking Menyediakan lebih banyak persidangan, seminar, bengkel dan rangkaian C. When tourist pay for a hotel restaurant, lodging and service it will be divided into the all service in the hotel Apabila pelancong membayar kepada restoran hotel, penginapan dan servis, ia akan dibahagikan kepada semua perkhidmatan di hotel tersebut D. Occurs because at the direct and indirect levels of economic impact, income will occur to residents of the local company Berlaku disebabkan impak ekonomi secara lansung dan tidak langsung, memberikan pendapatan kepada pekerja syarikat tempatan 33
5. Choose the importance of sustainable tourism development Pilih kepentingan pembangunan pelancongan mampan A. Builds local pride Membina kebanggaan tempatan B. Increase the import industry Meningkatkan industri import C. Renew interest in host population’s culture Memperbaharui minat terhadap budaya penduduk tuan rumah D. Provides more enjoyable experiences for tourists Menyediakan pengalaman yang lebih menyeronokkan untuk pelancong 6. One of the positive impacts of tourism to the host community is gaining public investment. Example of public investment is _________. Salah satu impak positif pelancongan kepada komuniti tuan rumah ialah memperoleh pelaburan awam. Contoh pelaburan awam ialah ___________. A. Leasing accommodation to tourists Menyewa penginapan kepada pelancong B. Create jobs in the tourism supply sector Mewujudkan pekerjaan dalam sector pembekalan pelancongan C. Make destination more appealing to tourists Menjadikan destinasi lebih menarik kepada pelancong D. Spend money on goods and services outside local economy Membelanjakan wang untuk barangan dan perkhidmatan di luar ekonomi negara 34 4.0 TOURISM IMPACT
7. Choose one of the following statements that defines tourism multiplying effect. Pilih satu daripada pernyataan berikut yang membawa maksud kesan pelancongan berganda. A. A measure if subsequent cost generated in a destination's economy by tourist spending Satu ukuran kos yang dijana dalam ekonomi sesuatu destinasi hasil daripada perbelanjaan pelancong. B. A measure of subsequent expenditure generated in a destination's economy by direct tourist arrival Satu ukuran kos yang dijana dalam ekonomi sesuatu destinasi hasil daripada ketibaan secara langsung oleh pelancong. C. A measure of subsequent expenditure generated in a destination's economy by direct tourist expenditure Satu ukuran kos yang dijana dalam ekonomi sesuatu destinasi hasil daripada perbelanjaan secara langsung oleh pelancong. D. A measure of subsequent salary generated in a destination's economy by direct tourist expenditure Satu ukuran gaji yang dijana dalam ekonomi sesuatu destinasi hasil daripada perbelanjaan secara langsung oleh pelancong. 35 4.0 TOURISM IMPACT
8. Explain the concept of sustainable management practices in green economy. Terangkan konsep pengurusan lestari dalam ekonomi hijau. A. All forms of tourism development, management and operations that maintain the environment, social and economic integrity and wellbeing of natural, built and cultural resources. Semua bentuk pembangunan pelancongan, pengurusan dan operasi yang mengekalkan persekitaran, integriti sosial dan ekonomi serta kesejahteraan sumber semulajadi, binaan dan budaya B. Encompasses all living and non-living things occurring naturally, meaning in this case not artificial. Merangkumi semua benda hidup dan bukan hidup yang berlaku secara semulajadi, yang bermaksud dalam kes ini bukan buatan. C. A measure of subsequent expenditure generated in a destination's economy by direct tourist expenditure Satu ukuran kos yang dijana dalam ekonomi sesuatu destinasi hasil daripada perbelanjaan secara langsung oleh pelancong. D. Emphasize on satisfying the demands of tourism sector and tourist, sometimes at the expense of destination resources Penekanan kepada memenuhi permintaan sektor pelancongan dan pelancong yang kadangkala memberi kesan kepada sumber di tempat tersebut. 36 4.0 TOURISM IMPACT
" Tourism destinations are occasionally built by outsiders (usually with government approval) in areas that indigenous or traditional communities consider to be theirs. When the development was neither desired nor locally validated, these will lead to conflicts that negatively affect the local communities and the tourism destination. " "Destinasi pelancongan kadang-kadang dibina oleh orang luar (biasanya dengan kelulusan kerajaan) di kawasan-kawasan yang merupakan kepunyaan masyarakat asli atau penduduk setempat. Apabila pembangunan tidak diingini atau tidak disahkan secara tempatan, ini akan membawa kepada konflik yang memberi kesan negatif kepada komuniti tempatan dan destinasi pelancongan." 9. These statement is referring to ____________ Pernyataan ini merujuk kepada ________________ A. Waste management Pengurusan sisa B. Loss of biodiversity Kehilangan biodiversiti C. Effective management of cultural heritage Pengurusan berkesan warisan budaya D. Energy and greenhouse gas emissions Penjanaan tenaga dan gas rumah hijau 37 4.0 TOURISM IMPACT
10. Choose one of the following statements that show the negative impacts of tourism and hospitality towards economic Pilih satu daripada pernyataan berikut yang menunjukkan kesan negatif pelancongan dan hospitaliti terhadap ekonomi A. Language and cultural effects Kesan kepada bahasa dan kebudayaan B. Loss of natural landscape and agricultural lands to tourism development Kehilangan landskap semulajadi dan tanah pertanian akibat aktiviti pembangunan C. Introduction of exotic species Pengenalan kepada spesis exotic D. Increase in cost of living Peningkatan kos sara hidup 38 4.0 TOURISM IMPACT
4.0 TOURISM IMPACT QUESTION 1 (a) Describe THREE (3) negative impacts to economy that caused by tourism industry. Huraikan TIGA (3) kesan negatif terhadap ekonomi yang disebabkan oleh industri pelancongan. [6 marks] [6 markah] (b) Discuss opportunities of sustainable management practices in green economy. Bincangkan peluang amalan pengurusan lestari dalam ekonomi hijau. [6 marks] [6 markah] (c) Explain FOUR (4) types of multiplier effect in tourism and hospitality industry. Terangkan EMPAT (4) jenis kesan-kesan pengganda industri pelancongan dan hospitaliti [8 marks] [8 markah] 39
5.0 CURRENT TRENDS AND FUTURE OUTLOOK FOR GLOBAL TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY 5.1 DISCUSS ISSUES, TRENDS, FUTURE OUTLOOK OF TOURISM INDUSTRY AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS 5.2 DISCUSS THE SIGNIFICANCE OF MUSLIM TRAVELERS IN NTERNATIONAL AND DOMESTIC TOURISM 5.3 DISCUSS TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY FROM ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE 5.4 DISCUSS ISSUES RELATED TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY C H A P T E R 5
5.0 CURRENT TRENDS AND FUTURE OUTLOOK FOR GLOBAL TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY Any activity, event and experience that is accordance with Islam. Apa-apa aktiviti, peristiwa dan pengalaman, yang sesuai menurut Islam. 1. The above statement refers to _____________. Penyataan diatas merujuk kepada _________. A. Islamic tourism Pelancongan Islam B. Islamic principles Prinsip Islam C. Islamic law Undang-undang Islam D. Islamic culture Budaya Islam 2. Which of these agencies is responsible for issuing Halal certification? Agensi manakah yang bertanggungjawab mengeluarkan sijil Halal? A. Malaysia Department of Islamic Development (JAKIM) Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM) B. Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture (MOTAC) Kementerian Pelancongan, Kesenian dan Kebudayaan (MOTAC) C. Malaysian Association of Hotel (MAH) Persatuan Hotel Malaysia (MAH) D. Malaysian Association of Tour and Travel and Agent (MATTA) Persatuan Ejen Pengembaraan dan Pelancongan Malaysia(MATTA) 41
5.0 CURRENT TRENDS AND FUTURE OUTLOOK FOR GLOBAL TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY 3. Tourism concept in Islam consists of Konsep pelancongan dalam Islam terdiri daripada I. Education Pendidikan II. Get experience and knowledge Mendapatkan pengalaman dan pengetahuan III. Increase community involvement Tingkatkan penglibatan masyarakat IV. Learn the secret of creator towards the world Mengetahui rahsia pencipta terhadap dunia A. I, II and III I, II dan III B. I, II and IV I, II dan IV C. II, III and IV I, III dan IV D. I, II, III and IV I, II, III dan IV 42
5.0 CURRENT TRENDS AND FUTURE OUTLOOK FOR GLOBAL TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY 4. Motivation travel from Islamic perspectives Motivasi pelancongan dari perspektif Islam I. Spreading Islam Menyebarkan Islam II. Perform Hajj Menunaikan ibadah Haji III. Improve nation economic Meningkatkan ekonomi negara IV. To see the remaining greatness of Islam Untuk melihat kehebatan peninggalan Islam A. I, II and III I, II dan III B. I, II and IV I, II dan IV C. II, III and IV I, III dan IV D. I, II, III and IV I, II, III dan IV 43
5.0 CURRENT TRENDS AND FUTURE OUTLOOK FOR GLOBAL TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY 5. Based on the followings, choose the principles of travelling in Islamic perspective. Berdasarkan pilihan jawapan di bawah, pilih prinsip-prinsip pengembaraan dalam Islam I. Suits with culture belief Sesuai dengan kepercayaan budaya II. Halal source of finance Sumber kewangan yang halal III. Does not leave responsibility Tidak meninggalkan tanggungjawab IV. Affordable price Harga yang berpatutan A. I, II and III I, II dan III B. I, II and IV I, II dan IV C. II, III and IV I, III dan IV D. I, III and IV I, III dan IV 44