ESTABLISH LIVABLE AND SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 50 • Surface Water Pollution • Deforestation and Denudation 3. Salient Features of the Water Code of the Philippines (PD 1067) and its Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) • Underlying Principles • Penal Provisions • Updates on the Water Code of the Philippines 4. The National Water Resources Board (NWRB) • Organization Structure • Water Resources Utilization Section (WRUS) • Deputation of DENR Regional Offices on Certain Functions of Water Use Regulation (NWRB Resolution No. 15-1116) • Water Permit Application (WPA) ▪ Qualifications of Applicants ▪ Classification of Water Use ▪ Fees and Charges With the conduct of the IEC activity, stakeholders and LGU Bambang assured that they will comply with the provisions of the Water Code of the Philippines and continue disseminating to their area of jurisdiction the salient provisions of the Code.
PRIORITY PROGRAMS 51 b. Clean Water Program Implementation of Clean Water Regulations (RA 9275) Article 2, Section 14 of the Implementing Rules and Regulations of the Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004 require owners or operators of facilities that discharge regulated effluents shall secure a permit to discharge wastewater. For CY 2022, the AWPS has issued a total of 203 or 102% Discharge Permit out of the 200 annual targets. These are broken down as follows: Province Number of Issued Wastewater Discharge Permit Total New Renewal Batanes 1 1 2 Cagayan 49 26 75 Isabela 44 12 56 Quirino 5 1 6 Nueva Vizcaya 46 18 64 TOTAL 145 58 203 The province of Cagayan has the most number of issued permits for Wastewater Discharge Permit totaling to 75 followed by the province of Isabela with 56, the province of Nueva Vizcaya with 64 and the provinces of Quirino and Batanes with 6 and 2, respectively.
ESTABLISH LIVABLE AND SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 52 PCO Accreditation Section 7 of Department Administrative Order No. 2014 - 02 mandate the Managing Heads of establishments, LGUs and other government institutions that discharge solid, liquid or gaseous wastes to the environment or whose activities, products or services are actual and/or potential sources of land, water, or air pollution shall appoint/designate and seek accreditation of their Pollution Control Officers. For CY 2022, the AWPS has issued a total of 271 or 339% PCO Accreditation both for Category A and B establishments out of the 80 annual targets. These are broken down as follows: Province Number of Issued PCO Accreditation New Renewal Total Batanes 6 2 8 Cagayan 65 37 102 Isabela 67 26 93 Quirino 1 0 1 Nueva Vizcaya 52 15 67 TOTAL 191 80 271 The province of Cagayan has the most number of accredited PCOs with 102 followed by the province of Isabela with 93, the province of Nueva Vizcaya with 67 and the provinces of Batanes and Quirino with 8 and 1, respectively. Water is an important resource required to sustain life but has been suspected of being the source of human illness due to contamination brought about by increased industrial and agricultural activities. Rivers and other water-bodies are threatened by changes in land uses, climate, hydrologic cycles and biological diversity. Water bodies are also the common repository of our wastes. While it is true that they have assimilative capacity, problems arise when it is overloaded with biological oxygen demanding wastes thus overpowering its natural cleansing function. Anthropogenic impacts have also impaired the ability of most river ecosystems to provide goods and services that we depend on. For CY 2022, EMB Region 02 has monitored ambient water quality of the following waterbodies under its Ambient Water Quality Programs. Additional safety and health protocols were observed during monitoring activities to safeguard monitoring personnel against COVID-19 and other related hazards.
PRIORITY PROGRAMS 53 Monitoring of Priority Waterbodies Three (3) priority waterbodies were monitored under the Priority River program of the Bureau. Monthly monitoring activities of the quality of the river is undertaken to characterize its water quality, identify trends over time, identify emerging problems, determine whether pollution control programs are effective and prioritize pollution prevention efforts and to check whether the current water quality of the river conforms to its most beneficial uses. The waterbodies under this program are: Program/ Water Body No. of Sampling Stations Location Frequency of Monitoring Parameters Cagayan River 12 Nagtipunan, Quirino Gucab, Echangue, Isa., Gamu, Isa, Delfin Albanao, Isa., Centro III, Tumauini, Isa., Buntun, Tug. City, Iguig, Cag., Tupang, Alcala, Cag., Gattaran, Cagayan, Lal-lo, Cag., and Centro 9, Aparri, Cag. Monthly for 10 straight months for 9 primary parameters; Monthly for 12 straight months for fecal coliforms. Sec. 6.3 of DAO 08 - 2016 Primary Parameters: DO, temperature, pH, BOD, Color, Chlorides, TSS, Nitrates, Phosphates, Fecal Coliform Sulong River 3 Runruno, Quezon, Nueva Vizcaya Kinalabasa River 3 Runruno, Quezon, Nueva Vizcaya
ESTABLISH LIVABLE AND SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 54 Monitoring of Priority Recreational Water Wangag River was identified by the Bureau to be monitored under the Priority Recreational Waterbody Program because it was declared by the LGU as an ecotourism site that may greatly affect the water quality of the river. One of the tourist spots in the town is the Riverview Hotel and Resort established by the Local Government Unit of Gonzaga which is located exactly at the lower stream sampling station of the river. The river was classified as Class B water on CY 2003 with an intended beneficial use as Recreational Water Class I which is for primary contact recreation such (bathing, swimming, etc.). It is within the Baua-Wangag Watershed Forest Reserves. It was proclaimed as a Watershed Forest Reserve by virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 108 and No. 107 respectively on May 13, 1987 to protect the area from deforestation and degradation. In 1992, with the passage of the National Integrated Protected Area System (NIPAS) law, both watersheds were placed under the Protected Areas Systems as mandated by Republic Act 7586. The law empowers the DENR in partnership with LGU in implementing the protection and conservation of critical areas including important watersheds including important watersheds within their political and administrative jurisdictions. Recreational Waters Monitoring (Eco-Beach Watch Program) Bathing beaches within the municipalities of Sta. Ana, Gonzaga, Sanchez Mira and Claveria, Cagayan were monitored for fecal coliform, dissolved oxygen, pH, and temperature from January to December 2022. The Eco-Beach Watch Program is one of the priority programs of the EMB as part of its advocacy for good water quality that aims to establish baseline data and provide the latest/updated information on the present quality of bathing beaches.
PRIORITY PROGRAMS 55 It also aims to inform the resorts/facility owners to institute some measures to prevent deterioration and to improve the quality of their respective bathing beaches.and the environment. Water Body Classification Pursuant to Sec. 5 of Department Administrative Order (DAO) No. 08, Series of 2016 otherwise known as the Water Quality Guidelines and General Effluent Standards, the quality of water is assessed based on its actual most beneficial usage. As per Sec. 5 of the said DAO, the classification of water bodies is defined as the categorization of all water bodies taking into account, among others, the following: (1) existing quality of the body of water; (2) size, depth, surface area covered, volume, direction, rate of flow and gradient of stream; (3) most beneficial existing and future use of said bodies of water and lands bordering them, such as for residential, agricultural, aqua cultural, commercial, industrial, navigational, recreational, wildlife conservation and aesthetic purposes; and (4)
ESTABLISH LIVABLE AND SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 56 vulnerability of surface and groundwater to contamination from pollutive and hazardous wastes, agricultural chemicals and underground storage tanks of petroleum products. Sec. 6 of the same DAO sets the required minimum water quality parameters to be monitored including the required data sets. As of CY 2022, a total of 65 waterbodies were classified. Of the 62 waterbodies, fifty seven (57) are inland waters (freshwater) and five (5) are marine waters. For CY 2022, three (3) marine waters were classified which are Pamplona Bay, Sanchez Mira Bay and Claveria Bay all are in the province of Cagayan.
PRIORITY PROGRAMS 57 Operationalization of Water Quality Management Areas (WQMAs) WQMAs are certain areas using appropriate physiographic units such as watershed, river basins or water resources regions. These management areas shall have similar hydrological, hydrogeological, meteorological or geographic conditions which affect the physicochemical, biological and bacteriological reactions and diffusions of pollutants in the water bodies, or otherwise share common interest or face similar development programs, prospects, or problems. Each WQMA shall have a governing board which shall primarily serve as the planning, monitoring and coordinating body of the said WQMA. The Governing Board (GB) shall also review WQMA Action Plan. Region 02 has two (2) WQMAs, the Pinacanauan de Tuguegarao River (WQMA – PdT) and the Calao-Delinquente-Diadi River System (WQMA – CDD). Pollution load assessment (PLA) study was likewise undertaken for the two (2) WQMAs in order to update the current water quality status; present the computed pollution load in terms of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) contributed by the different sources; use as guide for other stakeholders towards sustainable development; and use as an instrument in settling policies, plans and programs for implementation and monitoring not only for the LGUs but also on the national level. WQMA – PdT Pinacanauan de Tuguegarao River has been designated as a Water Quality Management Area by virtue of DAO 2013-06 dated January 24, 2013. Its identified Non-Attainment Area is caused by degradation of the forest resources at the upper area such as kaingin, illegal logging and misuse of the land resources that contribute to soil erosion and siltation of the stream.
ESTABLISH LIVABLE AND SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 58 The head water of Pinacanauan de Tuguegarao River originates from the Sierra Madre Mountains passing the Municipality of Peñablanca and City of Tuguegarao until it finally drains in the Mighty Cagayan River in the Southern portion of Tuguegarao City. This year, the accomplishment of the Governing Board and its Stakeholders was focused on controlling water pollution discharges, solid waste management, stabilization of river banks, and reduction of siltation by tree/bamboo planting and training on water quality monitoring. These accomplishments are aligned with the activities based on the approved WQMA Action Plan. The 1st Quarter Governing Board Meeting was conducted on June 09, 2022 with the following Agenda: ● Presentation of Accomplishment of LGUs Tuguegarao and Peñablanca based on the Approved WQMA Action Plan; ● Presentation of Draft Resolution; ● Approval of Proposed Resolutiom; ● Presentation of Annual Water Quality of WQMA – PdT; ● Presentation of CY 2021 Pollution Load Assessment Study of WQMA – PdT; ● Presentation of the Memorandum of Dir. William Cuñado re: Installation of Trash Traps; and ● Other Matters. The water quality trend analysis from CY 2013 – 2020 for parameters BOD, TSS and fecal coliform; CY 2014 – 2020 for parameters DO, pH and temperature; and CY 2017 – 2020 for parameters chloride, nitrate, color and phosphate were likewise presented.
PRIORITY PROGRAMS 59 The following Resolutions were discussed and approved by the Governing Board: ● Resolution No. 01, Series of 2021: Resolution Requesting the LGU - Tuguegarao to Identify Strategic Waterways and Location Points for possible Installation of Garbage/Trash Traps as part of their Integrated Solid Waste Management Program; ● Resolution No. 02, Series of 2021: Resolution Requesting LGUs – Tuguegarao and Peñablanca to provide lists of establishments/firms, total population including informal settlers, percent of population using septic tanks, number of septic tanks, solid wastes generated (residential, institutional and commercial), livestock population within WQMA PdT and rainfall data as inputs in the Pollution Load Assessment Study for WQMA – PdT. ● Resolution No. 03, Series of 2021: Resolution Requesting LGUs – Tuguegarao and Peñablanca to furnish the EMB the list of policies/ordinances/resolutions enacted related to Clean Water Act to be included as Best Practices for the National Water Quality Status Report. The 2nd Quarter Governing Board Meeting was conducted on September 09, 2022 with the following Agenda: ● Presentation of Accomplishment of LGUs Tuguegarao and Peñablanca based on the Approved WQMA Action Plan; ● Presentation of Accomplishment of Barangays; ● Presentaion of 2021 1st Semester Semi-Annual Water Quality of PdT – WQMA; ● Presentation of Programs of the Department of Health on Water Distribution System; ● Presentation of Agencies (BFAR and DepEd/Academe) on Programs Related to the Protection and Conservation of our River System; ● Presentation of Industries within PdT – WQMA; ● Presentation on Area Water Quality Management Fund; and ● Other Matters.
ESTABLISH LIVABLE AND SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 60 The 3rd Quarter Governing Board Meeting was conducted on November 09, 2022 with the following Agenda: ● Accomplishment Report of LGUs Tuguegarao and Peñablanca; ● Activities Conducted by Line Agencies and Academe in support to PdT – WQMA; ● 1 st Semester Water Quality Monitoring Report of Esteros within PdT – WQMA; ● Computation of Pollution Load on BOD of the River System; ● Result of the Investigation on Alimanao Creek; ● Presentation of Draft Resolution Updating the Names of the Members of PdT – WQMA Governing Board pursuant to DAO 2013-06; and ● Other Matters. The following Resolution was discussed and approved by the Governing Board: ● Resolution No. 01, Series of 2022: Resolution Updating the Members of the Pinacanauan de Tuguegarao Water Quality Management Area Governing Board. The 4th Quarter Governing Board Meeting was conducted on December 09, 2022 with the following Agenda: ● Activities Conducted by the Governing Board Members in support to PdT – WQMA;
PRIORITY PROGRAMS 61 ● Result of the Investigation on Alimanao Creek; ● Proposed Action Plan for PdT – WQMA; ● Inventory and Analysis of Fish; ● Draft PdT – WQMA Governing Rules; ● Approval of the Resolution Deferring the utilization of the Accrued Area Water Quality Management Fund Amounting to P41,381.38 for Calendar Year 2018-2021; and ● Other Matters. The following Resolution was discussed and approved by the Governing Board: ● Resolution No. 02, Series of 2022: Resolution Deferring the utilization of the Accrued Area Water Quality Management Fund Amounting to P41,381.38 for Calendar Year 2018-2021. WQMA - CDD The Calao – Deliquente - Diadi (CDD) River System was designated as a Water Quality Management Area (WQMA) on December 17, 2015 by virtue of DAO 2015 – 13. It is located in Santiago City, Isabela with a total drainage area of approximately 358.736 square kilometers. Its headwater originates from (Diadi River, one of the main tributaries) the Sierra Madre mountain southeastern range of the city in the Province of Isabela while the other main tributary, Delinquente River, rises on the eastern portion of the city. These tributaries converge in Barangay Calao West and both drains to the Calao River. Prior to designation of CDD River System as WQMA, its identified Non-Attainment Areas (NAA) are the high levels of Total Suspended Solids and Fecal Coliform. This year, the accomplishment of the Governing Board and its Stakeholders was focused on controlling water pollution discharges, solid waste management, stabilization of riverbanks, and reduction of siltation by tree/bamboo planting and training on water quality monitoring. These accomplishments are aligned with the activities based on the approved WQMA Action Plan.
ESTABLISH LIVABLE AND SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 62 The 1st Quarter Governing Board Meeting was conducted on June 07, 2022 with the following Agenda: ● Presentation of Accomplishment of Santiago City based on the Approved WQMA Action Plan; ● Presentation/Updating of Industries within CDD – WQMA; ● Presentation of Volume and Type of Wastes Recovered during the Clean-up on April 22, 2022; ● Updating of WQMA Action Plan; and ● Other Matters.
PRIORITY PROGRAMS 63 The 2nd Quarter Governing Board Meeting was conducted on September 20, 2022 with the following Agenda: MORNING AGENDA: MEETING WITH BUSINESS ESTABLIUSHMENTS/INDUSTRIES WITHIN CDD – WQMA ● Permitting/Monitoring System for Water; ● Permitting/Monitoring System for Air; ● Permitting/Monitoring System for Hazardous Wastes and ● Open Forum. AFTERNOON AGENDA: CDD – WQMA GOVERNING BOARD MEETING ● Presentation of Accomplishment of Santiago City based on the Approved WQMA Action Plan; ● Presentation of Accomplishment of Barangays; ● Presentation of 2022 1st Semi-Annual Water Quality of WQMA – CDD; ● Presentation of Draft Resolution; ● Approval of Proposed Resolution; ● Presentation of Updated criteria for the list of activities on Search for R.I.V.E.R.S. for Life Award; ● Presentation on Area Water Quality Management Fund; and ● Other Matters. The following Resolutions were to be discussed and approved, however, the required quorum was not met. ● Resolution No. 01, Series of 2022: Resolution for the Inclusion of Some Industries as members of the Technical Working group for the Calao Delinquente Diadi River System Water Quality Management Area; ● Resolution No. 02, Series of 2022: Resolution Requesting the Identified Industries within CDD –WQMA for a Meeting; and ● Resolution No. 03, Series of 2022: Resolution Updating the Personalities/Members of the Calao Delinquente Diadi River System Water Quality Management Area Governing Board.
ESTABLISH LIVABLE AND SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 64 The 3rd Quarter Governing Board Meeting was conducted on November 04, 2022 with the following Agenda: ● Presentation of Accomplishment of Santiago City based on the Approved WQMA Action Plan; ● Presentation of Accomplishment of Barangays; ● Presentation of 2022 1st Semi-Annual Water Quality of WQMA – CDD; ● Presentation of Resolutions for Approval; ● Presentation on Area Water Quality Management Fund; and ● Other Matters. The following Resolution was discussed and approved by the Governing Board: ● Resolution No. 01, Series of 2022: Resolution Updating the Members of the Calao Delinquente Diadi River System Water Quality Management Area Governing Board.
PRIORITY PROGRAMS 65 The 4th Quarter Governing Board Meeting was conducted on December 02, 2022 with the following Agenda: ● Overview of Calao Delinquente Diadi Water Quality Management Area; ● Presentation of DENR Administrative Order 2015-13; ● Presentation of Approved Resolution No. 01, Series of 2022: Resolution Updating the Members of the Calao Delinquente Diadi River System Water Quality Management Area Governing Board; ● Draft Governing Board Rules and Regulations; ● Election of Officers; ● Other Matters. The following Resolution was discussed by the Governing Board for approval: ● Resolution No. 02, Series of 2022: Resolution Deferring the utilization of the Accrued Area Water Quality Management Fund Amounting to P17,325.30. Adopt-An-Estero Program The Adopt-an-Estero/Water Body Program is a collaborative undertaking between and among communities along esteros or creeks and rivers, concerned LGUs, private sectors and DENR to achieve a cleaner, safer and healthier environment. It is a response to the worsening state of the country’s waterways. It was launched in 2010. The program seeks to transform heavily clogged and highly polluted creeks and waterbodies to livable communities, actively engaged in water quality and solid waste management programs. Four (4) esteros are within WQMA – PdT which are Alimanao Creek A, Alimanao Creek B, Alimanao Creek C and Cabasan Creek and five (5) esteros are within WQMA – CDD which are Vizcalang Creek, Rizal Creek, Plaridel Creek, Pacri Creek and Dubinan Creek. These esteros were monitored from January to October 2022 for the parameters DO, BOD, pH, temperature and TSS.
ESTABLISH LIVABLE AND SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 66 Capacity Building for Water Quality Monitoring As one of the activities in celebrating World Water Day, Environmental Management Bureau - Region 02 conducts Training on Ambient Water Quality Monitoring for DENR – Region 02 Coastal and Marine Ecosystems Management Program (CMEMP) personnel at Country Inn, Sta. Ana, Cagayan. The activity was conducted in partnership with DENR – Region 02 in support to the implementation of DENR Administrative Order No. 2016 – 26: Guidelines for the Implementation of the Coastal and Marine Ecosystem Management Program (CMEMP). The training aims at providing an overview of the methods and equipment, step-by-step procedures in the conduct of ambient water quality monitoring from preparatory activities, establishment of monitoring stations, in-situ measurement of selected parameters, operation and calibration of on-site monitoring equipment, labelling of samples for laboratory analysis, filling-up of field data and chain of custody forms, photo documentation, sample preservation, storage and transport and actual field monitoring. A workshop on the preparation of a Water Quality Monitoring Plan and data interpretation was likewise conducted. Other Accomplishments
PRIORITY PROGRAMS 67 AMTSS personnel also collected water samples at Balzain Creek for the determination of polio virus as per DOH program. Sample analysis is conducted by the DOH.
ESTABLISH LIVABLE AND SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 68 c. Clean Air Program Implementation of Clean Air Regulations (RA 8749) Rule XIX Sec. 1 of Department Administrative Order No. 2000 – 81 (otherwise known as the Implementing Rules and Regulations of the Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999) as amended by DAO 2004 – 26 mandates all sources of air pollution must have a valid Permit to Operate issued by the EMB Regional Director.
PRIORITY PROGRAMS 69 For CY 2022, the AWPS has issued a total of 292 or 122% Permit to Operate out of the 240 annual targets. These are broken down as follows: Province Number of Permit to Operate Air Pollution Source Installation Issued Total New Renewal Batanes 2 2 4 Cagayan 69 51 120 Isabela 57 49 106 Quirino 5 6 11 Nueva Vizcaya 23 28 51 TOTAL 155 137 292 The province of Cagayan has the most number of issued permits for Permit to Operate Air Pollution Source Installation with total of 120 followed by the province of Isabela with 106, the province of Nueva Vizcaya with 51 and the provinces of Quirino and Batanes with 11 and 4, respectively. AMBIENT AIR QUALITY Ambient air quality as defined by the Philippine Clean Air Act is the general amount of pollution present in a broad area; and refers to the atmosphere’s average purity as distinguished from discharge measurements taken at the source of pollution. As part of the continuing implementation of R.A. 8749 also known as the Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999, ambient air quality monitoring is regularly conducted as part of the Bureau’s air quality management program.
ESTABLISH LIVABLE AND SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 70 Four sampling stations were established and maintained in Tuguegarao City being the Regional Center of the Cagayan Valley region and the only City within the PIESTTA Airshed and one sampling station in Santiago City, Isabela. In general, the air quality in the region across the PIESTTA airshed and Santiago City is considered to be good as the ambient air quality standards are rarely exceeded for the pollutants being measured. To provide a continuous air quality status of the PIESTTA Airshed and other adjacent municipalities of Region 02, corrective and preventive maintenance is regularly undertaken. Equipment Calibration is also been done to ensure the accuracy of the of the samples that is being collected. Ambient air quality monitoring was continuously conducted on a 6-day sampling interval in preparation for the designation of attainment and non-attainment area for the Metro Tuguegarao PIESTTA Airshed and Santiago City station. Additional safety and health protocols were observed during monitoring activities to safeguard monitoring personnel related hazards. Air Quality Sampling Station Operated and Maintained Four (4) monitoring stations were established and maintained in accordance with the USEPA Guidelines. Likewise, the design of the station and equipment used is compliant with available USEPA requirements. Considering the location of monitoring stations, the essential data collected are representative for the location and type of area with the influence from the immediate surroundings and atmospheric conditions such as terrain, meteorological conditions and nearby buildings. AQMS No. 1
PRIORITY PROGRAMS 71 AQMS No. 2: AQMS No. 3:
ESTABLISH LIVABLE AND SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 72 AQMS No. 4:
PRIORITY PROGRAMS 73 AQMS No. 5: At present, EMB Region 02 is maintaining a total of six (6) Air Quality Monitoring Instrument. Pollutants measured by the Air Quality Monitoring Stations (AQMS) Particulate Matter 10 (PM10) Particulate matter is the term for particles found in the air, including dust, dirt, soot, smoke, and liquid droplets, and can be large and dark enough to be seen with the naked eye or so small that they can only be detected with an electron microscope. Many manmade and natural sources emit particulate matter directly while others emit gaseous pollutants that react in the atmosphere to form particulate matter. The size of the particulate has important health considerations. Particulate matter less than 10 microns in diameter (PM10) poses a health concern because it can be inhaled into and accumulate in the respiratory system. Particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5) is believed to pose the greatest health risks as it can lodge deeply into the lungs; a PM2.5 particle is approximately 1/30th the average width of a human hair. Typically these smaller particles are suspended in the air for long periods of time. Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) is the term applied to any particle suspended in the atmosphere, but depending on the monitoring method, is typically limited to particulate matter less than 44 microns. Particulate larger than 10 microns is typically associated with a nuisance issue rather than a health issue. Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Levels of sulphur dioxide (SO2) in ambient air are directly related to the concentration of sulphur in fuel and the quantity of fuel being combusted. Upon combustion, approximately 98% of the sulphur in the fuel will oxidize to form SO2, with the remaining 2% producing sulphur trioxide (SO3). The emitted SO2 can also further oxidize to SO3 and react with water to produce acid rain in the form of sulphuric acid (H2SO4).
ESTABLISH LIVABLE AND SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 74 Short-term exposures to SO2, have shown adverse respiratory effects including bronchoconstriction and increased asthma symptoms. Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) In a combustion process, NOx is produced through 3 mechanisms, namely thermal NOx, fuel NOx and prompt NOx. Thermal NOx is the primary source of NOx and is formed as a high temperature dissociation and subsequent reaction of nitrogen (N2) and oxygen (O2). It is produced in the hottest part of the flame and its formation increases exponentially with the flame temperature. In the combustion of such fuels, NOx can account for up to 50% of the total emissions. NOx is formed from the rapid reaction of atmospheric nitrogen with hydrocarbon radicals, and typically under partially fuel-rich conditions. It can be reduced through combustion staging or by operating under highly oxidizing combustion conditions. NO2 is the primary component of concern in NOx emissions. Generally, between 5% and 10% of the NOx emitted from the combustion of fuel is emitted as NO2. The remainder is emitted as NO, which is subsequently converted to NO2 in reactions with various oxidants and oxygen as the plume is transported downwind from the source. The rate of NO2 formation varies with time of day, season, temperature, wind speed, solar radiation, and the availability of oxidants to help drive the chemical reactions. NO2 is a reddish-brown gas with a pungent odor, which upon reaction with other atmospheric compounds, becomes a major contributor to smog, acid rain, inhalable particulates and reduced visibility. At significant levels and exposure, inhalation may result in irritation and burning to the skin and eyes, nose and throat. Prolonged exposure may result in permanent lung damage. Calibration and Preventive Maintenance of AQM Equipment Calibration and maintenance of equipment is regularly undertaken to provide continuous data of ambient air quality and achieve 75% capture rate as required in the designation of attainment or non-attainment base on DENR Administrative Order 2005-13 and to be confident in the results being measured, there is a need to maintain the calibration of equipment throughout its lifetime for reliable, accurate and repeatable measurements. Regular maintenance of consumable parts like carbon brushes is also observed to maintain the functionality of the AQM Equipment. EMB Station High Volume Sampler Calibration – August 5, 2022
PRIORITY PROGRAMS 75 Buntun Station E-FRM Particulate Sampler Calibration – August 5, 2022 Santiago City Station High Volume Sampler Calibration – August 5, 2022 Grand Victoria Station High Volume Sampler Calibration – August 6, 2022 SPUP Station High Volume Sampler Calibration – August 6, 2022
ESTABLISH LIVABLE AND SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 76 SPUP Station Tri-gas Sampler Calibration – August 6, 2022 Carbon Brush Replacement for High Volume Sampler Operationalization of Airshed
PRIORITY PROGRAMS 77 The EMB-RO2 practices a multi-sectoral participatory approach to the achievement and maintenance of clean and healthy air. Key features of this approach are the solicitation of ideas and comments from the private sector, including representatives of industry, NGOs and the general public; the public disclosure of information; and the introduction of citizen suits, which will allow concerned citizens to become actively involved in addressing noncompliance. EMB Region RO2 and PIESTTA Airshed Governing Board (AGB) in cooperation and partnership with its stakeholders have successfully implemented most of its programmed activities as defined in the Work Plan for 2022 particularly the continuous monitoring of ambient air quality and quarterly meetings which include the presentation of ambient air quality within the airshed, presentation of LGUs’ accomplishments in support to the PIESTTA Airshed Action Plan and formulation of policies.
ESTABLISH LIVABLE AND SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 78 First Governing Board Meeting was conducted on April 21, 2022 with the following Agenda: ● Presentation of Accomplishments in Support to Clean Air Act and Airshed Action Plan for CY 2022 ● Presentation of the Ambient Air Quality Status within PIESTTA Airshed Quarter CY 2022 ● Presentation and Review of the PIESTTA Airshed 2022 Action Plan ● Presentation on the updated Emission Inventory within PIESTTA Airshed ● Training Workshop on Emission Inventory ● Formulation of Action Plan and PPAs to be Targeted for CY 2022
PRIORITY PROGRAMS 79 Second Governing Board Meeting was conducted on September 7, 2022 with the following Agenda: ● Presentation of Accomplishments in Support to Clean Air Act and Airshed Action Plan for CY 2022 ● Presentation of the Ambient Air Quality Status within PIESTTA Airshed 2nd Quarter CY 2022 ● Presentation and Review of the PIESTTA Airshed 2022 Action Plan ● Formulation of Action Plan and PPAs to be Targeted for CY 2023 Third Governing Board Meeting was conducted on October 25, 2022 with the following Agenda: ● Presentation of the Ambient Air Quality Status within PIESTTA Airshed 3rd Quarter CY 2022 and Presentation on Emission Inventory for CY 2019-2021 ● Presentation of Activities in Support to Clean Air Act and Airshed Action Plan for CY 2022 ● Approval of the Action Plan and PPAs to be Targeted for CY 2023 ● Presentation of DOST and CSU on E-Trike Program
ESTABLISH LIVABLE AND SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 80 Fourth Governing Board Meeting was conducted on December 7, 2022 with the following Agenda: ● Presentation of the National Ambient Air Quality Status ● Presentation on Emission Inventory for CY 2019-2021 ● Actions Undertaken by LGUs in Support to Airshed ● Presentation of the Action Plan and PPAs to be Targeted for CY 2023 ● Presentation of the MOA on Anti-Smoke Belching Activity Other Activities/Special Events Anti-Smoke Belching Operations
PRIORITY PROGRAMS 81 In support to the Anti-smoke Belching Campaign and for its strict implementation, the EMB Regional Office No. 02 in partnership with the Land Transportation Office Regional Office No. 02 and the LGUs conducted roadside emission testing of diesel-fed vehicles. Date Location No. of Vehicles Tested Remarks Passe d Failed March 24, 2022 Benito Soliven, Isabela 20 12 8 June 23, 2022 Sta Maria, Isabela 32 26 6 July 21, 2022 Reina Mercedes, Isabela 26 9 17 August 18, 2022 San Manuel, Isabela 24 14 10 November 29, 2022 Alicia, Isabela 25 18 6 The Anti-smoke Belching Campaign aims to reduce pollutant emission concentrations coming from smoke-belching vehicles, promote public awareness, inculcate environmental responsiveness among motorists and encourage a culture of voluntary compliance with environmental regulations in order to protect public health and to improve air quality. Emission Testing of Diesel-fed Government Vehicles EMB Region 02 in coordination with the Land Transportation Office (LTO) – Region 02 conducts an Emission Testing of diesel-fed government vehicles on June 6, 2022 at the EMB Regional Office 02 Compound, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City. The activity is in line with the celebration of Philippine Environment Month with the theme: “Aksyon Para Sa Natatanging Mundo - #OnlyOneEarth and in support to the implementation of the Philippine Clean Air Act and in order to protect public health and the environment from harmful pollutants. A total of eighty-six (86) diesel-fed government vehicles within the Regional Government Center were tested. Out of the 86 vehicles tested, 19 vehicles failed to comply with the emission standards stipulated under DENR Administrative Order No. 2015 – 04. The drivers were informed and educated about the negative impacts that can be caused by
ESTABLISH LIVABLE AND SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 82 smoke-belching vehicles and were advised to undergo necessary engine check-up and/or overhauling in order to meet the desired allowable emission level as required by law. Adopt-A-Continuous Ambient Monitoring Station EMB R02 Inks Partnership through a Memorandum of Agreement with OceanaGold Philippines, Inc. located in Kasibu, Nueva Vizcaya for the Adopt-A-Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Station Program. The Adopt-A-Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Station Program aims to monitor the real-time ambient air quality within the area. Said CAAQMS will be connected to the Regional Air Quality Network Data Operations Center. Donor Paramete rs Measur ed Mode of Donation (Outsourcin g/Transfer of Ownershi p Specific Timelines Activity Date OGPI (Didipi o Mine ) PM10, PM2.5 Outsourcing Coordination Meeting s July 2022 MOA Signing Sept. 21, 2022 Installation 2023 Operations 2023
PRIORITY PROGRAMS 83 Capacity Building for Air Quality Monitoring New AMTSS personnel was capacitated on the conduct of ambient air quality monitoring and operation preventive maintenance and calibration of air quality monitoring equipment.
ESTABLISH LIVABLE AND SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 84 d. Solid Waste Management Program Waste mismanagement has serious environmental effects making the passage of the Republic Act (RA) 9003 or the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 a landmark environmental legislation in the Philippines. The law was crafted in response to the looming garbage problems in the country. RA 9003 declares the policy of the state in adopting a systematic, comprehensive and ecological solid waste management program that ensures the protection of public health and the environment and the proper segregation, collection, transport, storage, treatment and disposal of solid waste through the formulation and adoption of best environmental practices. Moreover, it illustrates the potentials and benefits of recycling not only in addressing waste management problems but also in alleviating poverty. RA 9003 describes solid waste management as a discipline associated with the control of generation, storage, collection, transfer and transport, processing, and disposal of solid wastes. The manner by which these activities are conducted shall be in accord with the best principles of public health, economics, engineering, conservation, aesthetics, other environmental considerations, and public attitudes. The Act provides for a comprehensive ecological solid waste management program by creating the necessary institutional mechanisms and incentives, appropriating funds, declaring certain acts prohibited, and providing penalties. The Environmental Management Bureau (EMB) Office 2 had maintained and exerted its best to provide technical assistance and guidance to all LGUs in the region and continually being challenged to confront the enormous task of protecting and cleaning up the environment to ascertain compliance with RA 9003. With the belief that all are in the position to make a difference – starting in households, in barangays and in communities in general, increase in number of LGUs who are in compliance with Solid Waste Management Program were observed. The willingness of the community to institute good practices on
PRIORITY PROGRAMS 85 solid waste management and political will of the Local Chief Executive to comply with the provisions of the law are the key for a 100% compliance of the region with RA 9003. Improved Waste Disposal The compliance of Municipal LGUs on various components of Ecological Solid Waste Management for this year was closely monitored particularly of the major final indicator that leads to improved waste disposal. In addition to increasing its advocacy and information campaigns, this Office had conducted various training /workshop on waste analysis & characterization, waste segregation and proper solid waste management implementation to the Barangay LGUs, Municipal/City Environment and Natural Resources Officer, Public Market Administrators, Private Establishment Owners, School Heads and other Stakeholders which are considered as primarily responsible for the implementation of the Solid Waste Management Program. Capacity Building to Local Government Units were also conducted to utilize more environmentally-sound methods that maximize the utilization of valuable resources and encourage resource conservation and recovery. Strict implementation on the concepts and principles of Ecological Waste Management through which the four Rs – the principles of refuse, reduce, reuse, and recycle are being promoted and constantly advised to LGUs during inspection and monitoring on their compliance to RA 9003. Closure and Rehabilitation of Open and Controlled Waste Disposal Facilities The provision of Section 37 of Republic Act 9003 otherwise known as Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 mandates Local Government Units (LGUs) to prohibit the establishment and operation of open dumps or any practice of disposal of solid waste by any person, including LGUs, which constitute the use of open dump, that after the effectivity of the act on February 16, 2001, every LGU shall convert its open dumps into controlled dumps, in accordance with the guidelines of Section 41 of the Act: Provided, further that no controlled dumps shall be allowed five (5) years following the effectivity of the Act. In view of the 20th approval anniversary of the Act on January 26, 2001 and the verbal directive of DENR Undersecretary Benny D. Antiporda of Solid Waste Management and Local Government Unit Concerns to close existing open dumpsites in the Region as it poses serious threat to the environment and public health. A total of 10 LGUs in the Region were immediately closed their open dumpsites last year 2021. For the LGUs to implement the proper rehabilitation of these dumpsites, the Environmental Management Office R-02 extended technical assistance through trainings and regular monitoring of the disposal facilities. At present, no municipalities within the region is operating as an open dumpsite. Ten Year Ecological Solid Waste Management Plans
ESTABLISH LIVABLE AND SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 86 Sustainable solid waste management program is possible if there will be sufficient political will in the part of the Local Government Unit (LGU). Because it is the responsibility of the LGU to provide the means and capacity to have a good waste management practices. Through establishing ordinances and initiating education and information campaign, citizens’ participation could be achieved. Solid Waste Management Facilities are essential tools not only for the easy of processing of but also have a strong impact on the mindset of the people. The Environmental Management Bureau - R02 rendered technical assistance to Local Government Units for the completion and finalization of their 10-Year Solid Waste Management Plan. This is to completely endorse to the National Solid Waste Commission (NSWC) the approval of the SWM Plan of all municipalities within the Region. As indication of support to the Republic Act No. 9003, a total of sixty six (66) municipalities endorsed their SWM Plan were already approved by the NSWC. Other LGUs SWM Plan was already endorsed to NSWC for final evaluation. Strengthening of the Regional Ecology Center (REC) To support the LGUs plans and programs for SWM, Chapter 2, Section 7 of RA 9003 mandates the establishment of a Regional Ecology Centers (RECs) as a structured organization for collaboration of stakeholders tasked to perform environmental functions. The main target of RECs is to provide knowledge and technical assistance to address issues and constraints that affect LGUs and stakeholders in managing solid wastes. REC as a multi-stakeholder assembly enhances capacities for SWM by tapping and synergizing available expertise and potential resources of National Government Agencies, (NGAs), academe, media, non-government organizations (NGOs) and other stakeholders existing in the region. REC also serves as a platform for public information and participation of all involved sectors. For the full and effective implementation of RA 9003, this Office, as the lead agency to spearhead the functionality of REC had firmed up partnership with various sectors through Memorandum of Commitment (MOC) and a Memorandum of Undertaking (MOU) for selected establishments and NGAs. The Ecological Solid Waste Management Section (ESWMS) is now on the process of building up a more develop Regional Ecology Center which will immediately response to the needs of the Local Government Units and other stakeholders through Information and Education Campaigns (IEC). As part of providing technical assistance to the municipalities and in order to strengthen the compliance of LGUs within the region. Creation of Provincial and City/Municipal Solid Waste Management Boards Provincial and Municipal Solid Waste Board are now actively complying with the planned activities incorporated in their 10-year plan. The Environmental Management Bureau (EMB), being the secretariat of the National Solid Waste Commission and the lead agency tasked to prepare the National Solid Waste Management Framework that will serve as a guide to the Local Government Solid Waste Management Plan, continuously render
PRIORITY PROGRAMS 87 technical assistance to LGUs being part of the Management Board created to help in the implementation of the LGU’s 10-year Plan. In addition to the technical support rendered by the Regional Office, the Environmental Monitoring Officers (EnMOs) are assigned to different Provincial Environmental Management Unit (PEMUs) to render technical expertise on proper waste management thru regular conduct of Information and Education Campaigns (IEC) to barangay levels in order to motivate them to comply with the provisions of RA 9003. Establishment of Material Recovery Facility (MRF) The negative impression of most LGUs about investing in their Solid Waste Management Program (SWMP) due to its expensive amount was given proper attention by the Bureau. Technical assistance through conduct of trainings are rendered by the Solid Waste Management Section to educate LGUs regarding proper design and implementation of a Material Recovery Facility (MRF). SWMP could be income generating to the LGU as well as it could create jobs for the people. This is proven by few LGU in the region. Development of related industries could be achieved through the application of various technologies like biodegradable and residual waste processing. Some LGU may argue that every sustainable SWMP starts with the citizen’s participation. It is correct at some points, but public initiative in segregation and applying SWM techniques will be insufficient because the end-pipe of the waste has no capacity to handle the solid waste properly. Considering the barangays as responsible for the segregation of waste at source, collection of biodegradable and recyclable components, setting up of a materials recovery facility (MRF) is another important component of SWM Program that requires compliance in order to reduce the number of waste being dumped. For this year, a total of 113 municipalities were provided financial assistance for the improvement/establishment of their MRF. In addition to this, bio-shredders, composters together with CCTVs were also awarded to certain municipalities for proper disposal of their biodegradable waste. Establishment and Operation of Sanitary Landfill Facility (SLF) As mandated in the ESWM law, particularly in Section 37 of the ESWM Law that there shall be no open and controlled dump facilities anymore. This means that, as of this date, all LGUs should now be operating a sanitary landfill facility to contain their generated residual solid wastes. Last year 2021, all remaining LGUs operating as open dumpsite were already closed. In order for these LGUs to sustain and implement proper rehabilitation of these closed dumpsites, EMB-R02 conducted regular monitoring of the facility and rendered various trainings on proper waste management. At present, No municipality within the Region is operating as an open dumpsite. A total of 49 municipalities within the region is now operating as a sanitary landfill. Other LGUs are maintaining a Residual Containment Area while they are on the process of SLF Construction/ Sourcing of Funds/ Processing of ECC Requirements. Segregated Collection Segregated Collection is one of the SWM Component that will directly lead to improvement of waste disposal. Majority of the LGUs created an ordinance regarding the “No Segregation, No Collection Policy. This will force/encourage every household to follow the
ESTABLISH LIVABLE AND SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 88 said ordinance which will result to significant decrease in volume of solid waste that will go to disposal facilities and ultimately prolong the lifespan of disposal facilities thus reducing program management cost. As part of the technical assistance given to Local Government Units, this Office thru the Ecological Solid Waste Management Section conducted several trainings and workshop for the proper solid waste management implementation. Trainings focuses on the different environmentally sound methods that maximize the utilization of valuable resources and encourage resource conservation and recovery.
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PRIORITY PROGRAMS 99 e. Land Disposition Program Strengthening Partnership on Public Land Titling