Nota_Kursus_IBS

SEKTOR PEMBANGUNAN KEJURULATIHAN DAN HUBUNGAN INDUSTRI
BAHAGIAN PENDIDIKAN DAN LATIHAN TEKNIKAL VOKASIONAL

INDUSTRIALISED
BUILDING
SYSTEM

9/6/2020 - 12/6/2020

4 DAYS COURSE ON IBS TECHNOLOGY

MODULE 1 – INTRODUCTION OF IBS

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR DR NUZUL AZAM HARON

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OUTLINE

• Introduction of IBS
• IBS Definitions
• Summary of previous research studies

on IBS adoption factors

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Introduction of IBS

• Industrialised Building System (IBS) is the term coined by the
industry and government in Malaysia to represent the
adoption of construction industrialisation and the use of
prefabrication of components in building construction.

• IBS is defined as a construction technique in which
components are manufactured in a controlled environment
(on or off site),transported, positioned and assembled into a
structure with minimal additional site work (Hamid et al., 2008;
CIDB, 2007; CIDB, 2005 and CIDB,2003).

• It consists of precast component systems, fabricated steel
structures, innovative mould systems, modular block systems
and prefabricated timber structures as construction
components (CIDB, 2003).

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• Parts of the building that are repetitive but difficult and too
time consuming and labour intensive to be casted onsite are
designed and detailed as standardised components at the
factory and are then brought to the site to be assembled
(CIDB, 2003).

• The onsite casting activities in IBS utilise innovative and clean
mould technologies (CIDB, 2007; CIDB, 2005 and CIDB, 2003).

• The construction industry globally has started to embrace IBS
as a method of attaining better construction quality and
productivity, reducing risks related to occupational safety and
health, alleviating issues for skilled workers and dependency
on manual foreign labour, and achieving the ultimate goal of
reducing the overall cost of construction.

• Apart from this, it offers minimal wastage, fewer site materials,
a cleaner and neater environment, controlled quality, and
lower total construction costs (Pan et al. 2008, Hamid et al.
2008 and Pan et al. 2007).

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• Hampered by the labour and quality issue and generally low
performance of the industry, Malaysia construction fraternity is
moving towards construction industrialisation and that would
involve adopting IBS by encouraging the industry to radically
transform its conventional practices (CIMP, 2007; CIDB, 2005 and
CIDB, 2003).

• To address the many issues facing the transformation to IBS, in
2003, the Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia
(CIDB) redesigned its strategies and formulated the IBS Roadmap
2003-2010.

• The focuses of the roadmap were on the development of
manpower, material, monetary, machinery and management.

• In 2008, the use of IBS has been made mandatory in the
construction of public buildings (under Treasury Circular 7/2008).
The decision to regulate the use of the IBS method under Treasury
Circular 7/2008 was to create sufficient momentum for the
demand for IBS components.

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• For the private sector, there is an exemption to the
Malaysian construction levy (CIDB levy - 0.125 % of the
total cost of the project according to Article 520) on
contractors that have used IBS in 50% of the building
components in residential buildings (Hamid et al. 2008).
IBS Roadmap 2011-2015 has been published in 2011 as
the successor of IBS Roadmap 2003-2010.

• To remain focused, the IBS Roadmap 2011-2015 has
been narrowed down to four policy objectives which
are quality, efficiency, competency and sustainability on
IBS implementation (CIDB, 2010). Stipulated under this
roadmap, all private sector projects must be
constructed with minimum content of 50% IBS
components by the year 2015.

• The implementation and regulation of this policy will
under the purview of CIDB based on amendment of
CIDB’s Act 520 in late 2011.

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• Despite acknowledging its benefits and aggressive
policies in place, the construction industry is still not
rapidly embracing IBS from the year 2003 to 2010
based on annual surveys by the CIDB.

• While many members of the industry are open to
the idea, a major portion of the industry
stakeholders are indifferent, perhaps due to
resistance towards change, or insufficient
information regarding the feasibility of change to
IBS.

• Challenges and barriers to successful IBS adoption
in Malaysia are:

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1. The industry is already familiar with the conventional
system and, for them, the technology suits them well
and therefore they are not willing to switch to a
mechanised system and IBS (Kamar et al. 2009 and
Hamid et al. 2008). The foreign workers are also still
available in abundance as a cheap solution to labour
problem.

2. It is admitted presently that switching to IBS would not
guarantee significant cost savings, especially with the
small volume of buildings constructed. Or else, the
industry is still not convinced on the cost benefits of IBS.
The change to IBS also requires significant upfront cost
and the current market is being monopolised and
dictated by certain quarter of manufacturers which
have been already acquired technologies,
prefabrication facilities and are supported by strong
financial muscle. Lack of level playing field is also
discouraged any new business entry.

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3. Lack of experience, lack of technical knowledge
and lack of skilled labour are very important
barriers to successful IBS adoption. There have
been cases where buildings were awarded and
constructed using the IBS system but it contributed
to project delays and bad quality (CIDB, 2010;
Kamar et al. 2009 and Rahman and Omar, 2006).

4. Further, there is a lack of proper project
management techniques, specifically for IBS, and
there is no specific cost control mechanism
adopted by contractors in IBS (Hussein, 2007).
Therefore, the risk of trying an unfamiliar
technology is too high compared to the current
profit margin in construction (Hussein, 2007).

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5. At present, common practice shows that manufacture
of IBS components is involved only after the tender
stage of the value chain. This lack of integration among
relevant players in the design stage has resulted in a
need for redesign and additional costs to be incurred if
IBS is adopted (Hussein, 2007 and Hamid et al. 2008).
There is a desperate need of a new approach of
procurement using strategic partnering in the
construction delivery system.

6. Lack of support and understanding from construction
professionals due to a lack of professionals trained in
the IBS. Some of the professionals viewed IBS as a threat
to survival and longevity of their professional services to
the industry. This in turn is perhaps due to
uncoordinated and incomprehensible training
awareness and syllabus (Thanoon et al. 2003 and
Rahman and Omar, 2006).

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• Changes from conventional to IBS method will have an
influence on the design, manufacture and site work as a
result of an increased use of prefabricated structural
elements and other innovative solutions. Therefore
changes in the overall process are required.

• There is a consensus of opinion that IBS is best handled as
a holistic process and requires a total synchronisation of
construction, manufacturing and design (Hamid et al. ,
2008).

• Factors such as project management, rationalisation,
standardisation, repetition, collaboration, Information
Technology (IT), lean management, integration, supply
chain partnering, planning, skills and training would be
essential (Pan et al. 2008; Pan et al. 2006 and Goodier
and Gibb, 2007).

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IBS Definitions

• The term IBS is widely used by the government,
practitioners and researchers in this country to represent
industrialisation in construction. The term is defined by
Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) as
construction technique in which components are
manufactured in a controlled environment (on or off
site), transported, positioned and assembled into a
structure with minimal additional site works (CIDB, 2003).

• The term is however, cover very wide scope which
include the application of onsite systems. While other
terms used to represent construction industrialisation are
often relates to innovative solution, current definition by
CIDB includes low-tech solutions and other of practices
which already become common and not substituting
conventional practices.

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• The International Council for Research and Innovation in
Building and Construction (CIB) linked industrialisation with the
use of mechanical power and tools, the use of a
computerised steering system and tools, production in a
continuous process, continuous improvement of efficiency,
standardisation of products, prefabrication, rationalisation,
modularisation and mass production (CIB, 2010).

• The Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (2010) defined
industrialisation as the process of industrialising or the fact of
being industrialised, the convention of any organisation into
an industry and it develops extensively with industries.
Industrialisation in this research means the industrial method
employed referring especially to prefabrication,
mechanisation and standardisation. From the perspective of
construction, industrialisation is part of a wider modernisation
process through the development of modern methods of
production and technology systems, mainly factory
production, where work is centrally organised and production
operations are mechanised and focused on mass production
(Lessing, 2006).

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• Warszawski (1999) highlighted the fact that an
industrialisation process is an investment in equipment,
facilities and technology with the objective of
maximising production output, minimising labour
resources, and improving quality. Industrialisation has
demonstrated a high capacity to reduce the costs,
improve the quality and make complex products
available to the vast majority of people.

• The term IBS was defined by Abdullah and Egbu (2009)
as a method of construction developed due to human
investment in innovation and on rethinking the best ways
of construction work deliveries based on the level of
industrialisation. The level of industrialisation in IBS can be
classified as pre-building system, modern construction,
advance automation and volumetric construction
(Abdullah and Egbu, 2009).

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• In Hassim et al. (2009), IBS is defined as an
organisational process continuity of production,
implying a steady flow of demand, standardisation,
integration of the different stages of the whole
production process, a high degree of organisation
of work, and mechanisation to replace human
labour wherever possible.

• Chung (2007)defined IBS as a mass production of
building components, either in factory or at site,
according to the specification with a standard
shape and dimensions and the transporting of them
to the construction site to be rearranged to a
certain standard to form a building.

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• Rahman and Omar (2006) defined IBS as a construction
system that utilises pre-fabricated components. The
manufacturing of the components is systematically done using
machines, formworks and other forms of mechanical
equipment. The components are manufactured offsite and
once completed will be delivered to construction sites for
assembly and erection.

• Lessing et al. (2005) defined IBS as an integrated
manufacturing and construction process with well-planned
organisation for efficient management, preparation and
control over resources used, activities and results supported by
the use of highly developed components.

• The term is also defined as a new construction method that
can increase the productivity and quality of work through the
use of better construction machinery, equipment, materials,
and extensive project planning (Haron et al. 2005).

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• The Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) has
defined IBS as a construction technique in which
components are manufactured in a controlled
environment (on or off site), transported, positioned and

• assembled into a structure with minimal additional site
works (CIDB, 2003).

• Badir et al. (2002), IBS is defined as a concept of mass
production of quality building by using new building
systems and factory-produced building components.

• Trikha (1999) defined IBS as a system in which concrete
components prefabricated at site or in factory are
assembled to form a structure with minimum in situ
construction.

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Table 1.0 : Summary of previous research studies on IBS adoption factors (Haron, 2012)

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Table 1.0 : Summary of previous research studies on IBS adoption factors (Haron, 2012)
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4 DAYS COURSE ON IBS TECHNOLOGY

MODULE 2 – IBS TECHNOLOGIES IN MALAYSIA

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR DR NUZUL AZAM HARON

1

OUTLINE

• IBS Classification
• IBS technologies in Malaysia

▪ Precast System
▪ Formwork System
▪ Steel Framing System
▪ Prefabricated Timber Framing System
▪ Block Work System

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IBS Classification

• In the Malaysian context, the classification by the
CIDB is widely used and well understood by scholars
and practitioners. CIDB has classified the IBS systems
into five categories as depicted in Table 1.0 (CIDB,
2003).

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Table 1.0: IBS Classification (CIDB, 2003)

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IBS Technologies in
Malaysia

1. Pre-cast System

• Precast a panel and building system provides easy
standardisation, speedier construction, cost-
effectiveness, high quality finish and enhanced
facade design.

• Pre-cast system is more economical for high-rise
apartment projects. IBS can be beneficial to that
sort of building due to the repetitive nature of the
design.

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• Precast concrete construction which involves the use of precast
elements, has contributed significantly towards the development
of the nation; especially in infrastructure and social development
projects. The Pekeliling or Tuanku Abdul Rahman Flats;
constructed in 1960s and the Putra-Star LRT and KL Monorail
projects which began developments in 1990s are some of the
comparative venture period of Malaysia’s construction industry.

• Precast components come in a variety of shapes for different
types of usage, both architectural and structural. It includes the
traditional precast beams, columns, slabs, walls, staircases,
parapets and drains; as well as other relatively new precast
components for toilets, pile caps, facades, lift shafts and refuse
chambers.

• Also common are the precast concrete permanent formworks
that consist of precast panels that act as forms for in-situ
concrete. It includes the “half slabs” and the
“sandwiched/double walls”. As the production of lightweight
concrete are getting cheaper, more precast components are
also produced in the form of lightweight concrete panels and
blocks that greatly ease transportation and installation.

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• The success story of PKNS Engineering and
Construction Berhad (PECB) in operating state of
the art technology on IBS shown that the
construction industry in Malaysia is able to adopt
advanced, mechanised and automated IBS
technologies.

• From 1981 until 1991, PECB built and operated a
very modern prefabrication yard at Shah Alam
using Praton Haus’s belt conveyor and semi-
automatic precast production. The overall
investment was worth in the region of RM 12 million
which was considered a relatively huge upfront
investment at that time. The high investment in the
technology also requires high skills workforce with
high productivity output.

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• In pre-cast system, proper coordination in installation
between panels and services are important. To address
this issue, the adopters require systematic labeling and
coding of components. Systematic numbering and
standardised information is created to avoid double
handling.

• Further, this IBS system can be only benefit if decision to
use it can be decided as early as possible not as
afterthought during the project. This practice will allow
manufactures, contractors and Mechanical and
Electrical (M&E) specialists to get involve and share their
knowledge early during design stage.

• The collaborative design team can be established by
improving procurement and contract, establishing a
clear statement of needs from clients or integrating the
team starting from project briefing all by client’s
initiative.

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• The advantages of using the precast concrete framed system
are that the system engages a highly mechanised method of
construction allows fast track construction and requires less
manual work onsite. The system offers flexibility in terms of large
span and open spaces without disruption of internal walls. The
skeleton frame also gives more freedom for architects to
design façade claddings

• On the other hand, precast wall system offers open spaces
between load bearing walls without the need of the column.
With the use of light partition walls, the system can still offer
flexibility in the design of the interior layout.

• Another advantage is that precast panels can be
standardised and produced in large quantities. Therefore, the
precast wall system offers the advantages of speed and
reduction in construction cost. This will result better cash flow
for the owner.

• The quality of internal and external finishes of the building can
be readily achieved with pre-fabricated walls.

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• Precast Concrete Components

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2. Formwork System

• The steel formwork system is suitable for low-rise and high rise
construction.

• Currently, the system has rapidly gained acceptance in many
town and cities in Malaysia because it can offer a faster speed of
erection, comparatively lower cost and simplicity equipments.

• The monolithic construction obtained from this system also allows
for better integrity and robustness of the building.

• The steel formwork system provides good accuracy for the cast in
situ components and a smooth internal finish that eliminates the
need for plastering.

• In addition, the system provides further benefits such as sound
insulation and fire resistance. Due to many advantages, the
system becomes more popular with both big and small
contractors.

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• Formwork system is cleaner, safer and requires less labour than
conventional methods, yet it is flexible enough to cater for immediate
changes of requirement and can be reused in many projects.

• Some formwork system is economical and efficient type of high-rise
building construction. The initial investment cost for formworks and
moulds are much less than a precast system, having taken into
consideration aspects required completing the shell structure of the
buildings.

• The tunnel form system is a formwork system which builders may use to
cast walls and slabs in one operation efficiently.

• Tunnel form system simplifies the whole construction process by enabling
a smooth and fast operation that can result in cost effectiveness,
productivity and high quality finished.

• Tunnel form projects have proven that impressive results can be achieved
in terms of productivity, efficiency, economy and quality. It can usually
be reused for 500 to 1,000 times, and is an effective way to construct
buildings that have repetitive elements or layouts.

• The system is now one of the most preferred methods of cellular
construction by the contractors in Malaysia whilst clients appreciate
Tunnel form’s ability to deliver projects to budget and on time.

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• Formwork System component

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3. Steel Framing System

• Previously, the application of steel framing system is only
to commercial and industrial building. The application
for housing is only limited to roof trusses. Just recently, the
application of steel roof trusses, showed their capability
in building industry whereby the cost become
competitive as compared to timber roof trusses.

• The advantages of using the steel frame system are build
ability and simplicity of construction as well as greater
construction speed.

• The speed and economy of construction can be
enhanced further by the large number of repeated
components in the structural system.

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• Besides high-rise buildings, the usage of steel
elements is also popular with the construction of
universities, colleges, schools, hospitals and
commercial complexes.

• Undoubtedly, structural steel offers greater freedom
and flexibility to the designers, rapid construction for
the contractors and faster returns on investment
(ROI) to the owners.

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• Steel Framing System

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4. Prefabricated Timber Framing System
• Before the arrival of foreign and modern influence, the

indigenous Malay and Orang Asli tribes of peninsular
Malaysia and their related Bumiputeras tribes in Sabah
and Sarawak had already developed their traditional
dwelling using timber structure.
• Timber structure system involved the design and
construction of buildings and structures using
prefabricated wood and wooden products especially in
structural or load bearing elements.
• There are two types of prefabrication of timber which is
ready-cut plus shop fabrication of joints (column and
beam) and structural panels where there are only walls
and floors without column and beam.

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• Although cost and availability of timber product is
often seen as the barriers of the use of timber in
construction. Timber building frame systems have
their own niche market, offering interesting designs
from simple dwelling units to buildings requiring high
aesthetical values such as chalets for resorts.

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• Prefabricated Timber Framing System

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5. Block Work System

• IBS system in Malaysia does not limit to high advanced
technologies and mass-production concept. The block work
system is one of the simplest, flexible and most versatile
systems that can be used by many in the industry.

• The block work is also some sort of low cost IBS with low capital
investment, where many contractors can be involved in it.

• IBS block work is the easiest way of adopting IBS and
blockwork system can easily penetrating construction market.

• However, there is a need for skilled designers to design
blockwork than can capitilise the benefit of IBS.

• The block work system depends on modular dimension at
design stage, is also comparable to LEGO system.

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• Moreover, some engineered block work applies load bearing wall
by incorporating the columns and beams as integral part of the
wall for all types of houses (up to 5- storey in high). The amount
that can be saved on a wall can range from 10% to 30% as
compared to conventional with additional less foundation cost.

• To encourage overall involvement from many in the industry, the
IBS score for blockwork use in project should be increased.

• The non-load bearing wall using blockwork system is suitable for
fencing and partition. Standard sizing, therefore making
construction site neat, organised and clean.

• The block system particularly engineered block is flexible and can
suit and complement other IBS technologies.

• The block system is also easily be manufactured and easily be
assembled by the adopters.

• Nonetheless, the block systems must be in some form of
standardisation in term measurement (modular) and also
incorporate industrialisation and automation in factory
environment.

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• Block Work System

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6. Innovative On-site System
• Some companies also established a temporary

production plant onsite.
• The set-up of the temporary production plant was

highly successful, producing components to a very
high standard, at a rate exceeding demand, and
to a lower cost than anticipated.
• The case clearly demonstrated that IBS options
were not restricted to fixed, long-term facilities, but
rather were more about understanding the
concepts of production and manufacture.

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4-DAYS COURSE ON IBS TECHNOLOGY

MODULE 3 – IBS SCORING SYSTEM

DR. AIDI HIZAMI BIN ALES @ ALIAS

1

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 Introduction
 IBS content scoring system
 IBS score calculation examples
 Construction Areas and Wall Lengths

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INTRODUCTION 9/6/2020 - 12/6/2020
2
IBS Scoring System – IBS
Score

First Published : January 2005
First Revision : April 2010
Current Version : 2018

Objective :-
To provide a systematic and
structured assessment system to
measure the usage of IBS in a
consistent way

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EMPHASIS OF IBS SCORING SYSTEM

 Usage of IBS components
 Utilisation of standardized components based on

MS 1064
 Repetition of structural layout
 Usage of other productivity enhancing solutions

such as volumetric modular units, Building
Information Modelling and Modular gridlines

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PRINCIPLES OF IBS CONTENT SCORING SYSTEM

 Higher IBS Score is a reflection of higher productivity, reduction of site labour, lower wastages, less site materials,
cleaner environment, better quality, neater and safer construction sites, faster project completion as well as lower
total construction costs

 Points are awarded based on the IBS Factors of the structural and wall elements that are used, the high
repetitiveness in the design as well as other simplified construction solutions.

 Total points are calculated to give the IBS Score of a building
 IBS Score can be applied to all new residential, commercial, industrial, institutional and other building projects

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IBS CONTENT SCORING SYSTEM

 The maximum IBS Score for a building is capped at 100 points, made up of the following components

 Part 1: Structural systems (max score 50 points)
 Awarded for various types of structural system (e.g. precast concrete beams, columns and slabs, load bearing blocks, reusable formwork and
roof`s structural systems)

 Part 2: Wall system (Ma score 20 points)
 Awarded based on various types of wall systems (e.g. precast concrete panel, dry wall system, blockwork system and other wall system)

 Part 3: Other simplified construction solutions (Max score 30 points)
 Awarded based on usage of other simplified construction solutions (e.g. standardized components based on MS 1064, repetition of structural
layout and other productivity enhancing solutions such as volumetric modular units, BIM and Modular gridlines)

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THE FORMULA FOR IBS SCORE SCORE FOR STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS
+
Where:
SCORE FOR WALL SYSTEMS
+

SCORE FOR OTHER SIMPLIFIED
CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS

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IBS SCORE FOR STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS

 The maximum IBS Score for this part is 50 points
 The IBS Score for a particular structural system is the

product of the percentage of construction area
covered by the system and the corresponding IBS
Factor from Table 2 and Table 3, multiplied by 50.
 IBS Score calculation only covers superstructure
elements of a building. Substructure works, basement,
driveway, apron and landscape areas are not taken
into account (except porches and balconies)
 For a building that uses multi-structural systems, the
contribution of each system is calculated and summed
up to arrive at the total IBS Score for the combination
of the structural systems
 Table 2 provides the IBS Factors for common
combinations of slabs with the columns and beams,
while Table 3 lists the types of the roof`s structural
systems

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TABLE 2: IBS FACTORS FOR SLABS, COLUMNS AND BEAMS

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TABLE 3: IBS FACTORS FOR ROOF`S STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS

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IBS SCORE FOR WALL SYSTEMS

 The maximum IBS Score for this part is 20 points

 The IBS Score for wall system is the product of the
percentage of wall length covered by the wall and the
corresponding IBS Factor from Table 4, multiplied by
20.

 Basement walls and toilet cubicle partition walls are
excluded from the calculation.

 Parapets and corridor/balcony walls must be included
in the calculation.

 For buildings that uses multi-wall system, the
contribution of each system is calculated and summed
up to arrive at the total IBS Score for the combination
of the wall systems

 Table 4 provides the IBS Factors for common wall
systems.

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TABLE 4: IBS FACTORS FOR WALL SYSTEMS

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IBS SCORE FOR OTHER SIMPLIFIED CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS

 Part 3 of the formula provides points for utilization of
construction methods or solutions that can contribute to the
objectives of industrialization through standardization and
repetitions.

 Points are given based on the percentage of usage or coverage
of a particular solution and summed up to form the IBS Score
for this section. No points are given if the usage is less than
50%

 Basement structures as well as ground slabs and beams are
not considered in the calculation

 The individual points are summed up to form the IBS Score for
Part 3, capped at 30 points

 Table 5 shows the IBS Score for other simplified construction
solutions

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TABLE 5: IBS SCORE FOR OTHER SIMPLIFIED CONSTRUCTION
SOLUTIONS

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IBS SCORE FOR PROJECT WITH A GROUP OF BUILDINGS

 All major structures in the project, including car
park building, surau etc. are to be considered when
computing the area covered by the respective
systems

 Minor structures e.g. guardhouse, trash bin and
others should be excluded from the calculation
provided that they are not structurally linked to the
main buildings

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FORM FOR CALCULATING IBS SCORE (CIDB) (APPENDIX)

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CALCULATION GUIDES 9/6/2020 - 12/6/2020
9
 Construction Area

 Measure from grid-grid (ignore offsets of beams/walls to
gridlines)

 The construction area for structural systems is taken as the plan
area covered by the building line underneath it (Construction
area of roof is similar to construction area of beams and
columns)

 Calculation example for construction area 6m x 10m
60 sqm
 Construction area for beams/columns/slab =
=

 Construction area for roof = 6m x 10m
= 60 sqm

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CALCULATION GUIDES

 Wall length
 For curved or diagonal wall, assume straight wall
 Measure wall length from grid-grid for external walls (ignore
columns)
 For internal wall, measure actual wall length

 Calculation example for wall length

 External wall = 10m + 10m + 10m + 10m
= 40 m

 Internal wall = 4.4m + 5.5m
= 9.9 m

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CALCULATION GUIDES

 Part 3: Other simplified construction solutions (MS1064)

 Points are awarded based on the percentage of components (beams,
columns, walls, slabs, doors and windows) as defined in MS1064

 Example 1: A building has 100 columns of following sizes

200mmx200mm : 60 nos
250mmx250mm : 10 nos
375mmx375mm : 30 nos

 Among these, the preferred sizes in MS1064 are 200mmx200mm and
250mmx250mm. Thus, the percentage of columns that comply to
MS1064 is (60+10)/100 x 100% = 70% (IBS Score of 2 from Table 5)

 Example 2: A building has total 100m run of walls with following width

100mm : 60m run • Floor height is measured from finished level to
130mm : 40m run finished level

 Among these, the preferred sizes in MS1064 is 100mm. Thus, the • A beam in between two supports is counted as one
percentage of walls that comply to MS1064 60/100 x 100% = 60% beam
(IBS Score of 2 from Table 5)
• A columns in between two floors is considered as
one column

19

CALCULATION GUIDES

Part 3: Other simplified construction solutions (Repetition of structural layouts)

 Repetition of floor-floor heights example (5-storey building)  Horizontal repetition of structural floor layout example (6-units of one-storey
dwelling)
Ground floor to 1st : 3200mm

1st floor to 2nd : 3050mm Unit 1, 2 and 3 : Mirror to each other and identical to Unit 5 and 6

2nd floor to 3rd : 3050mm Unit 4, 5 and 6 : Same layout

3rd floor to 4th : 3000mm Thus, the building has four repetitions of structural floor layout horizontally.

4th floor to Roof : 3000mm Thus, the percentage of coverage is 4/6 x 100% = 67% (IBS Score 3 based on Table 5)

Thus, the height with the most repetition are 3000mm and 3050mm (two times
each). Therefore percentage of coverage is 2/5x100% = 40% (IBS Score 0 based
on Table 3)

 Vertical repetition of structural floor layout example (5-storey building)

Ground and 1st floor : same layout but not identical to 3rd and 4th

2nd, 3rd and 4th floor : same layout

Thus, the percentage of coverage is 2/5x100% = 40% (IBS Score 0 based on
Table 3)

20

10

9/6/2020 - 12/6/2020

CALCULATION GUIDES

Part 3: Other simplified construction solutions (Other productivity enhancing solutions)

 Usage of PBU and staircases example (a building with 100 bathrooms with
75 PBU)
Therefore percentage of coverage is 75/100 x 100% = 75% (IBS Score 2 based on Table
5)

 Usage of BIM models for IBS score submission
Points are given based on the usage of BIM models for IBS Score submission. Markings of
structural, wall and other simplified construction solutions used in the calculation need to
be made in the BIM model.

 Usage of modular gridlines in drawings

Point are given based on the usage of Modular gridlines for the major plan
grids (x and y): based on dimensions with the increment of 300mm (3M).

Examples of Modular dimensions are 3000mm, 6000mm, 6600mm,
9300mm etc.

Example: A building with following major plan grids

x direction = 10 gridlines (8 in Modular dimensions)

y direction = 12 gridlines (10 in Modular dimensions)

Thus, the percentage of coverage is ((8+10)/(10+12)) x 100% = 82% (IBS
Score of 4 based on Table 5)

21

IBS SCORE CALCULATION EXAMPLE 1 (DOUBLE-STOREY TERRACE)

Measurement taken from drawings

i) Construction Area

 Ground floor = 117 sqm
 First floor = 117 sqm

 Roof = 117 sqm

ii) Structural Systems (Part 1)

 Beams : Precast concrete
 Columns : In-situ concrete using steel formwork
 Floor slab : Precast half slabs on first floor
 Roof trusses : Prefab timber

iii) Wall System (Part 2)

 Internal wall : Precast concrete panels (79.5m)
 External wall : Precast blocks (87.8m)

iv) Other simplified construction solutions (Part 3)

i) Beams : 60% comply MS1064 P10
Columns : 100% comply MS1064 P10
Walls & slabs : Less than 50% comply MS1064 P10

Doors : 80% comply MS1064 P4
Windows : 0% comply MS1064 P5
ii) Horizontal repetition of structure = 100%

22

11

CALCULATION EXAMPLE 1 PART 1 9/6/2020 - 12/6/2020
12
 Items considered
 Ground floor
 Precast beams + in-situ columns (reusable
formwork) + precast concrete half slab
 First floor
 Precast beams + in-situ columns (reusable
formwork)
 Roof
 Roof truss using prefab timber

23

CALCULATION EXAMPLE 1 PART 2

 Items considered
 External wall
 Precast blocks
 Internal wall
 Precast concrete panels

24

9/6/2020 - 12/6/2020

CALCULATION EXAMPLE 1 PART 3

 Items considered
 Beam sizes
 Column sizes
 Door sizes
 Horizontal repetition

TOTAL IBS SCORE = PART 1 + PART 2 + PART 3
= 42.9 + 14.8 + 16
= 73.7%

25

IBS SCORE CALCULATION EXAMPLE 2 (18-STOREY CONDOMINIUM)

Measurement taken from drawings

i) Construction Area

 Per unit condo = 94.4 sqm
 Lift lobby area = 140 sqm
 Per floor (x6 unit)= 706.4 sqm

ii) Structural Systems (Part 1)

 Main structures : Tunnel formwork system
 Roof trusses : Prefab steel

iii) Wall System per floor (6 units + lift lobby) (Part 2)

 Precast blocks wall : 263 m

 Tunnel formwork system : 120 m

iv) Other simplified construction solutions (Part 3)

 Doors : 100% comply MS1064 P4

Windows : 100% comply MS1064 P5
 Repetition of floor-floor height : 90%
Vertical repetition : 80%
 PBU : 100% out of total bathrooms

Prefab staircase : 50% out of total staircase
BIM : Level 2
Modular gridlines : 90% / total major plan grids

26

13

CALCULATION EXAMPLE 2 PART 1 9/6/2020 - 12/6/2020
14
 Items considered
 Tunnel formwork system
 Roof
 Roof truss using prefab steel

27

CALCULATION EXAMPLE 2 PART 2

 Items considered
 External wall
 Tunnel formwork system
 Internal wall
 Precast blocks

28

9/6/2020 - 12/6/2020

CALCULATION EXAMPLE 2 PART 3

 Items considered = PART 1 + PART 2 + PART 3
 Door sizes = 26.25 + 10 + 25
 Window sizes = 61.25%
 Repetition floor-floor height
 Vertical repetition
 PBU
 Prefab staircase
 BIM Level 2
 Modular gridlines

TOTAL IBS SCORE

29

IBS SCORE CALCULATION EXAMPLE 3 (GROUP OF BUILDINGS)

Simplified details

i) BLOCK A – 5-storey apartment

 Construction area QST = 3000 sqm
 IBS Score (Building A) = 83

ii) BLOCK B – 5-storey apartment

 Construction area QST = 3000 sqm
 IBS Score (Building A) = 87

iii) BLOCK C – 4-storey apartment

 Construction area QST = 3200 sqm
 IBS Score (Building A) = 35

iv) BLOCK D – 4-storey apartment

 Construction area QST = 3200 sqm
 IBS Score (Building A) = 47

v) BLOCK E – 3-storey office block

 Construction area QST = 3000 sqm
 IBS Score (Building A) = 75

30

15

9/6/2020 - 12/6/2020

CALCULATION EXAMPLE 3

31

APPENDIX

32

16

Project Name: Form CIDB IBS Score M1(2018)

CALCULATION FOR IBS SCORE

For office use
Project Registration
No:

Project
Category:

Contract Value:

Contractor Name: Developer / Owner Name:

Architecture Consultant Civil/Structure Engineer Consultant Name:

List of Submitted Drawings 6) _______________________________
1) ____________________________________ 7) _______________________________
2) ____________________________________ 8) _______________________________
3) ____________________________________ 9) _______________________________
4) ____________________________________
10) _______________________________
5) ____________________________________

We hereby declare that the information given and the IBS Score submitted herewith is true and complete.

The total IBS Score for the proposed building / project is ____________

Date: ______________ Name & Signature of Qualified Person

Designation:
___________________________

Reg No. (Arch/PE):________________

CALCULATIONS OF OVERALL IBS SCORE

PROJECT DETAILS

Project Name : ______________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________

Type/Block No : ____________________________________ Total no of Units/blocks:____________

Contract
Value:_____________

Category of Building

Residential (landed) Industrial Commercial

Residential (high rise) Institutional Others __________________

For mixed development, please indicate the area of the category:

Residential (landed) ________________ m2 Industrial ________________ m2
Institutional ________________ m2
Residential (high rise) ________________ m2 Others ________________ m2

Commercial _________________ m2

CALCULATION OF IBS SCORE

ELEMENTS AREA (m2) IBS COVERAGE IBS
% CONTENT
PART 1: STRUCTURAL SYSTEM (a) FACTOR
SCORE
1.1 FLOOR = PRECAST CONCRETE SLAB
1.0
a) Precast columns and beams 0.8
0.7
b) Precast columns and in-situ beams using reusable 0.8
formwork 0.7

c) Precast columns and in-situ beams using timber
formwork

d) Precast beams and in-situ columns using reusable
formwork

e) Precast beams and in-situ column using timber
formwork

f) In-situ column and beams using reusable system 0.6
formwork
0.5
g) In-situ column and beams using timber formwork
1.0
h) Metal columns and beams
1.0
i) Timber column and beam
0.8
j) Load bearing blocks
0.7
k) Metal framing with permanent formwork
AREA (m2) IBS COVERAGE IBS
ELEMENTS % CONTENT
(a) FACTOR
1.2 FLOOR = IN-SITU CONCRETE ON PERMANENT SCORE
FORMWORK
0.8
a) Precast columns and beams 0.7
0.6
b) Precast columns and in-situ beams using reusable 0.7
formwork 0.6
0.5
c) Precast columns and in-situ beams using timber 0.4
formwork 0.8
0.8
d) Precast beams and in-situ columns using reusable 0.7
formwork 0.6

e) Precast beams and in-situ column using timber
formwork

f) In-situ column and beams using reusable system
formwork

g) In-situ column and beams using timber formwork

h) Metal columns and beams

i) Timber column and beam

j) Load bearing blocks

k) Metal framing with permanent formwork

ELEMENTS AREA (m2) IBS COVERAGE IBS
% CONTENT
1.3 FLOOR = IN-SITU CONCRETE USING REUSABLE (a) FACTOR
FORMWORK SCORE

a) Precast columns and beams 0.6
0.5
b) Precast columns and in-situ beams using reusable
formwork 0.4

c) Precast columns and in-situ beams using timber 0.5
formwork
0.4
d) Precast beams and in-situ columns using reusable
formwork 0.4

e) Precast beams and in-situ column using timber 0.2
formwork
0.6
f) In-situ column and beams using reusable system
formwork 0.6

g) In-situ column and beams using timber formwork 0.5

h) Metal columns and beams 0.4

i) Timber column and beam AREA (m2) IBS COVERAGE IBS
% CONTENT
j) Load bearing blocks (a) FACTOR
SCORE
k) Metal framing with permanent formwork
0.5
ELEMENTS 0.4
0.3
1.4 FLOOR = IN-SITU CONCRETE USING TIMBER 0.4
FORMWORK

a) Precast columns and beams

b) Precast columns and in-situ beams using reusable
formwork

c) Precast columns and in-situ beams using timber
formwork

d) Precast beams and in-situ columns using reusable
formwork

e) Precast beams and in-situ column using timber 0.3
formwork
0.2
f) In-situ column and beams using reusable system
formwork 0.0

g) In-situ column and beams using timber formwork 0.5

h) Metal columns and beams 0.5

i) Timber column and beam 0.4

j) Load bearing blocks 0.3

k) Metal framing with permanent formwork AREA (m2) IBS COVERAGE IBS
% CONTENT
ELEMENTS (a) FACTOR
SCORE
1.5 FLOOR = STEEL FLORING SYSTEM
1.0
a) Precast columns and beams 0.8

b) Precast columns and in-situ beams using reusable 0.7
formwork 0.8
0.7
c) Precast columns and in-situ beams using timber
formwork 0.6
0.5
d) Precast beams and in-situ columns using reusable 1.0
formwork 1.0
0.8
e) Precast beams and in-situ column using timber 0.7
formwork

f) In-situ column and beams using reusable system
formwork

g) In-situ column and beams using timber formwork

h) Metal columns and beams

i) Timber column and beam

j) Load bearing blocks

k) Metal framing with permanent formwork

ELEMENTS AREA (m2) IBS COVERAGE IBS
% CONTENT
1.6 FLOOR = TIMBER FRAME FLORING SYSTEM (a) FACTOR
SCORE
a) Precast columns and beams
1.0
b) Precast columns and in-situ beams using reusable 0.8
formwork
0.7
c) Precast columns and in-situ beams using timber 0.8
formwork 0.7

d) Precast beams and in-situ columns using reusable 0.6
formwork
0.5
e) Precast beams and in-situ column using timber
formwork 1.0

f) In-situ column and beams using reusable system 1.0
formwork
0.8
g) In-situ column and beams using timber formwork
0.7
h) Metal columns and beams
AREA (m2) IBS COVERAGE IBS
i) Timber column and beam % CONTENT
(a) FACTOR
j) Load bearing blocks SCORE

k) Metal framing with permanent formwork 1.0
0.8
ELEMENTS 0.7
0.8
1.7 FLOOR = NO SLAB 0.7

a) Precast columns and beams

b) Precast columns and in-situ beams using reusable
formwork

c) Precast columns and in-situ beams using timber
formwork

d) Precast beams and in-situ columns using reusable
formwork

e) Precast beams and in-situ column using timber
formwork

f) In-situ column and beams using reusable system 0.6
formwork

g) In-situ column and beams using timber formwork 0.5

h) Metal columns and beams 1.0

i) Timber column and beam 1.0

j) Load bearing blocks 0.8

k) Metal framing with permanent formwork 0.7
ELEMENTS
AREA (m2) IBS COVERAGE IBS
% CONTENT
FACTOR
SCORE

2.0 ROOF SYSTEM

a) Prefab timber roof trusses 1.0

b) Prefab metal roof trusses 1.0

c) Conventional timber roof trusses 0.0

TOTAL AREA 100%

Sub-total for structural system (maximum 50 points) ( A )

ELEMENTS LENGTH (m) IBS COVERAGE IBS
FACTOR % CONTENT

SCORE

PART 2: WALL SYSTEM

a) Precast concrete panels 1.0

b) Wall cladding 1.0

c) Prefabricated timber panels 1.0

d) Full height glass panels 1.0

e) Drywall systems 1.0

f) In-situ concrete with reusable system formwork 0.4

g) In-situ concrete with permanent formwork 0.7

h) Blockwork systems 0.5

i) Common brickwalls 0.0

j) In-situ concrete with timber formwork 0.0

TOTAL AREA 100%

Sub-total for wall system (maximum 20 points) ( B )

ELEMENTS UNIT IBS SCORE PERCENTAGE % USAGE OF IBS
USAGE THIS SCORE
PART 3: OTHER SIMPLIFIED CONSTRUCTION
SOLUTIONS 50%≤ X < 75% 75%≤ X ≤100 PROJECT

1.0 Utilisation of standardized components based
on MS1064

a) Beams Nos 2 4

b) Columns Nos 2 4

c) Walls m2 4

d) Slabs m2 2 4

e) Doors Nos 2 4

f) Windows Nos 2 4

2.0 Repetition of structural layouts

a) For building more than 2 storeys

i. Repetition of floor to floor height Nos 1 2

ii. Vertical repetition of structural floor layout Nos 1 2

iii. Horizontal repetition of structural floor layout Nos 1 2

b) For building 1 or 2 storeys

iv. Horizontal repetition of structural floor layout Nos 3 6

3.0 Other productivity enhancing solutions

a) Usage of prefab bathroom units (PBU) Nos 1 2

b) Usage of prefab staircase Nos 1 2

c) Usage of BIM models for IBS Score Level 1 3
submission Level 2 6
4 (for > 50% usage)
d) Usage of Modular gridlines in drawings Nos

Sub-total for other simplified construction solutions (maximum 30 points) ( C )

TOTAL (maximum 100 points) (A + B + C )

SUMMARY SHEET (Multiple Building Project)

BLOCK NAME AREA (m2) COVERAGE IBS SCORE IBS SCORE OF
AREA (%) BUILDING PROJECT

TOTAL
TOTAL IBS SCORE FOR THIS PROJECT = ______