Nathaniel Brancazio (Class of 2022) - Blue Science Portfolio

Part III.​ Determine the Mass % of Elements in each Compound:

K2​ ​SO4​ ​ - Potassium Sulfate
(Show Math Here)

K (2) 39 = 78, 78/174 = 45%
S (1) 32 = 32, 32/174 = 18%
O (4) 16 = ​64,​ 64/174 = 36%

174

Na3​ P​ O​4​ - Sodium Phosphate
(Show Math Here)

Na (3) 23 = 69, 69/164 = 42%
P (1) 31 = 31, 31/164 = 18%
O (4) 16 = ​64,​ 64/164 = 39%

164

Graphs:

IV. Conclusion:

1. Explain the difference between Mixtures and Compounds using data. Compare the pie
charts.

The main difference between mixtures and compounds is that mixtures are made up of different
substances, such as different types of candy in a bowl. A compound is made up of elements,
such as water, which is made up of hydrogen and oxygen. The numbers for mixtures in the pie
charts where more randomized, and had large gaps. The numbers for compounds where more
similar to each other.

2. E​ xplain how you separated the Salt from the Sand. Use as much new vocabulary as you
can.
We put the sand in the coffee filter and then put the water, the universal solvent, through it,
filtering out all the sand into the beaker below. We then heated up the water to the boiling point,
100℃, and let it boil down. What was left was a compound, called sodium chloride or NaCl.
This was the leftover salt that was separated from the sand.

QUIZ: Solubility and Naming
Compounds

Part I. Charge
Directions:​ Write the symbol of the element with the charge.

Formula

1. Sodium Na +1

2. Neon Ne 0

3. Nitrate N -3

4. Chlorine Cl -1

5. Magnesium Mg +2

6. Silver Ag +3

7. Sulfur S -2

8. Phosphorus P +3

9. Aluminum Al +3

10. Calcium Ca +2

Part II.
Directions:​ Write the name for the compounds:

11. Na​3P​ O4​ Sodium Phosphate
12. Li​2(​ SO4​ )​ Lithium Sulfate
13. (NH​4)​ 2​ C​ O3​ Ammonium Carbonate
14. MgCl​2 Magnesium Chlorate
15. Ca(NO3​ ​)​2 Calcium Nitrate
16. BeF2​ Beryllium Fluoride

Part III.
Directions:​ Write the chemical formula for the following compounds (Use your ions):
17. Calcium carbonate
Ca(CO3​ ​)

18. Ammonium phosphate
(NH​4)​ 3​ ​PO​4

19. Magnesium hydroxide
(Mg​2)​ (OH)​2

20. Potassium sulfate
K2​ ​(SO4​ )​ ​1

Part IV.

Directions:​ Determine the Mass % of Oxygen in ​Al2​ ​(SO4​ ​)3​ ​ or AgNO3​
Atomic Mass: ​Al (27) S (32) O (16) Ag (108) N (14)

AgNO​3
Ag (108) 1 = 108/170 * 100 = 64%
N (14) 1 = 14/170 * 100 = 8%
O (16) 3 =+​ 48​/170 * 100 = 28 %

170

Part V.

Directions:​ Write an essay about the graph below. ​Use data!
Vocabulary:​ Unsaturated, saturated, supersaturated, Ions, Heat, Temperature, grams,
solubility, chemical formula

This graph shows a supersaturated substance. The solvent, water, has been heated to
15°C. At the temperature, the water can dissolve 25 g/100 g of the substance to be completely
saturated. There is 70g of the substance, meaning there is 45g that is undissolved. In order to
increase the solubility to a point where the remaining 45g is completely saturated, the water
would have to be heated to 38°C. If the water was heated above that temperature, it would be
unsaturated, and could hold more of the substance. The leftover substance in the water is the
ions that didn’t dissolve. As the water heats up, more and more pair of ions split and dissolve.

Law of Conservation of Mass
Presentaion









Chemistry 1 Test

Your grade: 66 / 74 (89.18%)
Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
3. Identify the Independent Variable in the attached experiment.
Your Answer: Temperature

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
4. In an experiment to determine if the popping of popcorn is affected by the temperature at
which it is stored, counting the popped kernels is an example of a(an)___________.
Your Answer: Observation

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
5. When gasoline is burned in an engine, ___________.
Your Answer: new substances are formed

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
6. Matter that has a definite shape and volume is called a _________.
Your Answer: solid

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
7. Matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape is a _______________.

Your Answer: liquid

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
8. Matter in which the particles are free to move in all directions until they have spread evenly
throughout their container is a _____________.
Your Answer: gas

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
9. The amount of energy needed to change material from a liquid to a gas is the Heat of
____________.
Your Answer: vaportization

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
10. When two or more substances are combined so that each substance maintains its own
properties, the result is a(n) ____.
Your Answer: mixture

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
11. A solution that contains all of the solute it can normally hold at a given temperature and is
graphed ON the line is ____.
Your Answer: saturated

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)

12. Increasing the surface area of a solid ____.
Your Answer: increases the speed of dissolving

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
13. The maximum amount of a solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent is its
____.
Your Answer: solubility

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
14. Water is sometimes referred to as the universal solvent because ____.
Your Answer: many substances can dissolve in it

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
15. A chemical reaction in which the energy released is primarily in the form of HEAT is
__________.
Your Answer: exothermic

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
16. Numbers that precede symbols and formulas in a chemical equation are called
Your Answer: coefficients

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)

17. According to the law of conservation of mass, if two atoms of hydrogen are used as a
reactant, how many atoms of hydrogen must be part of the product?
Your Answer: 2

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
18. Physical or Chemical Change: Breaking a pencil
Your Answer: Physical

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
19. Physical or Chemical Change: Boiling water
Your Answer: Physical

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
20. Physical or Chemical Change: Rust forming on a bicycle
Your Answer: Chemical

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
21. Physical or Chemical Change: Silver Hydroxide + Sodium Chloride --> Silver Chloride and
Sodium Hydroxide
Your Answer: Chemical

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
22. Physical or Chemical Change: Blowing air into a balloon

Your Answer: Physical

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
23. Heterogeneous or Homogeneous: Salad
Your Answer: Heterogeneous

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
24. Heterogeneous or Homogeneous: Rocks and sand with iron
Your Answer: Heterogeneous

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
25. Heterogeneous or Homogeneous: salt water
Your Answer: Homogeneous

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
26. Heterogeneous or Homogeneous: Air
Your Answer: Homogeneous

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
27. Heterogeneous or Homogeneous: Sugar water
Your Answer: Homogeneous

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
28. Heterogeneous or Homogeneous: Potassium Chlorate dissolved in Water
Your Answer: Homogeneous

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
29. Heterogeneous or Homogeneous: Chicken noodle soup
Your Answer: Heterogeneous

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
30. A solution contained 57 grams of sodium nitrate at 20 C. What is the Solute in the solution?
Your Answer: sodium nitrate

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
31. A solution contained 120 grams of Potassium nitrate at 85 C. What is the solvent?
Your Answer: water

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
32. A scientist wanted to find out if he/she could dissolve 110 grams of Sodium nitrate at 80 C.
Would his solution be Supersaturated, saturated or unsaturated?
Your Answer: unsaturated

Incorrect
0 / 1 point(s)
33. A scientist wanted to find out if he/she could dissolve 110 grams of Sodium nitrate at 80 C.
How many grams would be added to make this a saturated solution?

Your Answer: 30

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
34. Mr. Kotulski tried to make a solution with 90 grams of Potassium nitrate at 40 C. Describe
this solution:

Your Answer: Supersaturated

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
35. Mr. Kotulski tried to make a solution with 90 grams of Potassium nitrate at 40 C. How many
grams of Potassium (KNO3) could be taken away?

Your Answer: 30

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
36. Mr. Kotulski tried to make a solution with 90 grams of Potassium nitrate (KNO3) at 40 C.
What Temperature would Mr. Kotulski have to heat the water to in order to make it dissolve?

Your Answer: 55

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
37. What is the Mass% of Oxygen in the following compound: NaNO3

Your Answer: 56.5

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
38. What is the Mass% of Oxygen in the following compound: Lithium sulfate
Your Answer: 58.2

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
39. How much Heat Energy would be required to completely evaporate 35 grams of Ice from its
Melting Pt. completely to steam?
Your Answer: 25200

Incorrect
0 / 1 point(s)
40. How much Heat Energy would be required to completely evaporate 25 grams of Silver from
its melting point?
Your Answer: 56410

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
41. What type of chemical reaction is shown in the following link:
Your Answer: Single Displacement

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
42. What type of chemical reaction is shown in the following link:
Your Answer: Synthesis

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
43. What type of chemical reaction is shown in the following link:

Your Answer: Double Displacement

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
44. Analyze the following Data: What is the % of Large rocks in the following mixture?

Your Answer: 51.7

Incorrect
0 / 1 point(s)
45. What is different about the 2 Pie Charts? (Mixture and Compound)

Your Answer: Heterogeneous Mixtures always have the same % of materials while compounds
do not

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
46. Analyze the following Solubility Graph: A mass of 80 g of KNO3 is dissolved in 100 g of
water at 50 ºC. The solution is heated to 70ºC. How many more grams of potassium nitrate
must be added to make the solution saturated?

Your Answer: 50 g

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
47. Analyze the Solubility Graph: What is the solubility of NaNO3 at 25°C?

Your Answer: 91 g

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
48. Which Phase of Matter would occupy the LEAST volume?
Your Answer: solid

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
49. Which Phase of Matter would occupy the GREATEST volume?
Your Answer: gas

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
50. Which of the following equations follows the Law of Conservation of Mass?
Your Answer: D

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
51. What are the correct Coefficients for the following chemical reaction?
Your Answer: 1, 2, 1, 2

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
52. What are the correct Coefficients for the following chemical reaction?
Your Answer: Tue Apr 02 2002 21:00:00 GMT-0800 (PST)

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
53. Use the Solubility Rules Chart to determine if CaSO4 is the Soluble or Insoluble

Your Answer: Insoluble

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
54. Use the Solubility Rules Chart to determine if PbCO3 is Soluble or Insoluble
Your Answer: Insoluble

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
55. Use the Solubility Rules Chart to determine if Ag3PO4 is Soluble or Insoluble
Your Answer: Insoluble

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
56. Use the Solubility Rules Chart to determine if Sodium Nitrate is Soluble or Insoluble
Your Answer: Soluble

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
57. The ability of some solids to change directly from a solid to a gas is called ___________.
Your Answer: sublimation

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
58. Name the following compound: Na2SO4
Your Answer: Sodium Sulfate

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
59. Name the following compound: CaCO3
Your Answer: Calcium Carbonate

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
60. Name the following compound: NH4NO3
Your Answer: Ammonium Nitrate

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
61. Name the following compound: Li3PO4
Your Answer: Lithium Phosphate

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
62. Write the formula for the following compound: Magnesium hydroxide
Your Answer: Mg(OH)2

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
63. Write the formula for the following compound: Calcium phosphate
Your Answer: Ca3(PO4)2

Correct

+1 / 1 point(s)
64. Write the formula for the following compound: Ammonium sulfate

Your Answer: (NH4)2SO4

Incorrect
0 / 1 point(s)
65. Write the formula for the following compound: Lead (II) Nitrate

Your Answer: Pb(NO3)3

Incorrect
0 / 1 point(s)
66. A scientist wanted to find out the % of Oxygen from the reaction between Lithium carbonate
and Ammonium bromide. Predict the products and balance the chemical reaction. Determine
the % of Oxygen by mass in the compound that contains Oxygen found in the product. DO NOT
WRITE THE % SYMBOL!

Your Answer: 29

Incorrect
0 / 1 point(s)
66. A second scientist wanted to find out the % of Oxygen from the reaction between
Magnesium sulfate and Sodium chloride. Predict the products and balance the chemical
reaction. Determine the % of Oxygen by mass in the compound that contains Oxygen found in
the product. DO NOT WRITE THE % SYMBOL!

Your Answer: 36

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
67. Symbol for Gold

Your Answer: Au

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
68. Symbol for Mercury
Your Answer: Hg

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
69. Name the following compound: (NH4)2CO3
Your Answer: Ammonium Carbonate

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
70. Write the Chemical Formula for: Potassium Carbonate
Your Answer: K2CO3

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
71. Write the Chemical Formula for: Magnesium Phosphate
Your Answer: Mg3(PO4)2

Incorrect
0 / 1 point(s)
72. Write the Chemical Formula for: Aluminum hydroxide
Your Answer: AlOH3

Correct

+1 / 1 point(s)
73. How many Oxygen atoms in the following compound: Mg(NO3)2
Your Answer: 6

Incorrect
0 / 1 point(s)
74. How many Oxygen atoms in the following compound: Calcium Phosphate Hint: (Don't forget
to criss-cross!)
Your Answer: 12

Correct
+1 / 1 point(s)
75. How many Oxygen atoms in the following compound: Potassium nitrate
Your Answer: 3

Atomic Structure

Directions:​ Construct a flipbook that covers the following categories related to Atomic Structure
and its relationship to the Periodic Table
Reading​: h​ ttps://www.livescience.com/37206-atom-definition.html
*Use this site for notes

1. Cover Page:​ Atomic Structure and Periodic Table

2. History of the Atom
Link: ​https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NSAgLvKOPLQ&t=490s
Link2:

a. Dalton
i. British scientist/chemist
ii. Said atoms cannot be divided
iii. Different atoms form together to create matter
iv. Theory that all elements of a certain element are identical
v. Atoms will have different weights and properties
vi. 1803

vii. Atoms cannot be created or destroyed
b. Thomson - V​ ideo

i. Discovered the negatively charged particles
ii. Discovered electrons
iii. proved that there is something that was negatively charged within the

vacuum tube.
iv. Used Cathode ray
v. Everything he tested showed this
vi.
c. Rutherford
i. Discovered the nucleus
ii. Discovered that the positive charge was from the nucleus
iii. Discovered protons
iv. Electrons
v. Found ways to estimate the size of the nucleus
d. Bohr
i. Had the idea that electrons orbited the nucleus
ii. Created the model we use to show the atom (atomic structure)
iii. Number of electrons determines properties of elements

3. Structure of the Atom
Video
Video2
a. Nucleus, protons, neutrons, electrons
i. Nucleus
1. Makes up most of the atom’s mass
2. Made up of protons and neutrons
3. Center of the atom
ii. Protons

1. Positively charged
2. Number of protons decides what element the atom is
3. Have a mass of 0.9986
4. Number of protons is the atomic number
5. Table of elements is sorted in order of # of protons
iii. Electrons
1. 1800 times smaller than proton/neutron
2. Negative charge
3. Attracted to protons
iv. Neutrons
1. Have an atomic mass of 1
2. Uncharged particles
3. Found in almost all elements
b. Atomic Mass
i. “the mass of an atom of a chemical element expressed in atomic mass
units. It is approximately equivalent to the number of protons and
neutrons in the atom (the mass number) or to the average number
allowing for the relative abundances of different isotopes.”
c. Charge
i. Happens when an atom gains or loses an electron
ii. Charged particles are called ions
iii. When atom loses electron, it becomes positively charged
1. cations
iv. When atom gains electrons, becomes negatively charged
1. Anions
v.
d. Valence Electrons
i. The electrons in the outermost ring of the atom
ii. Where the gained or lost electrons come from
***Use models to explain the difference between:
Sodium Chloride​ and ​Magnesium Chloride​ or ​Sodium sulfide​ and C​ alcium Sulfide

4. Isotopes
Link: ​https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/isotopes-and-atomic-mass

a. Provide Example
i.

b. How are they used by Scientists?
i. Can be used to find the age of things
ii. Medical imaging
iii. Smoke detectors

5. Families of the Periodic Table
*Describe the life of Mendeleev and how he created the Periodic Table.
*What makes the elements the similar in each family?
*What are some trends in the Periodic Table?

Mendeleev was a Russian chemist who created the Periodic Table and the theory
behind how it’s organized. Born in the mid-1800’s, he graduated from Main Pedagogical
Institute in St. Petersburg. Because of the lack of accurate textbooks about inorganic
chemistry, he wrote his own. When writing it, he found the similarities between certain
elements, and patterns in atomic weights. He discovered the Periodic Law, and using

this knowledge, he created the Periodic Table. At first it wasn’t accepted by the science
community, but was then widely accepted after the discovery of elements that he
predicted.

a. Alkali Metals
i. Group 1 of table
ii. Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr
iii. Very reactive
iv. Very soluble
v. Good conductors
vi. Low melting points

b. Alkaline Earth Metals
i. Group 2
ii. Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra
iii. Easily lose electrons
iv. abundant

c. Halogens
i. Group 17
ii. F, Cl, Br, I, At, Ts
iii. All produce sodium salts of similar properties
iv. Very reactive
v. Cannot find pure element in nature
vi. Oxidizing

vii. 7 valence electrons in outer shell
d. Noble Gases

i. Group 18
ii. He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn, Og
iii. Colorless, tasteless, odorless, non flammable gasses
iv. Low boiling/melting points
6. Choose an article to read from site and summarize:
Article: ​https://www.livescience.com/32675-how-do-fireworks-get-their-colors.html
In the article “How do fireworks get their glorious colors” it is explained how different chemicals
and compounds make up the different colors in fireworks. When exposed to fire, the chemicals,
which are in a shell, oxidize

Fossil Activity

Activity:​ ​Determine which fossil is older

Directions: Watch videos, take notes and construct the graphs below using

your spreadsheet.

Film:
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=radiometric+dating&&view=detail&mid=0913F60FB719
BC5912690913F60FB719BC591269&&FORM=VDRVRV
Film #2:
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=radiometric+dating&&view=detail&mid=33AAFAE1F005
C0E7E25833AAFAE1F005C0E7E258&&FORM=VDRVRV

Take notes:

Isotope #1 100
0 50
25
2300 12.5
4600 6.25
6900 3.125
9200 1.06
11,500 .5
13,800 .25
16,100 .125
18,400 0
20,700
23,000

Isotope #2 100
0 50
25
1500 12.5
3000 6.25
4500 3.125
6000 1.06
7500 .5
9000
10,500

12,000 .25
13,500 .125
15,000
0

Graphs:

Write an Essay that explains which fossil is older: (use your graphs)
Fossil A
18% of Fusarus remaining
5,300

Fossil B
35% of Montanosaurus remaining
2,500

Fossil A is older than the other since when connecting the 18% of fusarium. The graph proves
that Fossil A is 5000 years old, and that fossil 1800 years of age. This is a 3200 difference in
age.







Quiz Review - Isotopes

Isotope - Radiometric Dating

Directions:​ Use the following Isotopes and decay rates to determine the age of the fossils in the room.

Isotope #1 Isotope #2

Years % Remaining Years (millions) % Remaining
0 100
0 100
3.2 50
2800 50 6.4 25
9.6 12.5
5600 25 12.8 6.25
16 3.125
8400 12.5 19.2 1.56
22.4 0.78
11,200 6.25 25.6 0.39
28.8 0.19
14,600 3.125 32 0.095
35.2 0
17400 1.56

20,200 0.78

23,000 0.39

25800 0.19

28,600 0.095

31400 0

Questions:

1. How old is each

fossil if there is 29%

remaining? 5,000 6.1 million

2. How old is each 3.5 million
fossil if there is 46%? 3,000

3. How much of
Isotope #1 is
remaining if the fossil
is 8000 years old? 13%

4. How much of 8%
Isotope #2 is
remaining if the fossil
is 11,000 years old?

5. How old is each

fossil if there is 23%

remaining of both

isotopes? 5800 6.5 million

% remaining Isotope #1 Isotope #2
6.1 million
Fossil A 32% remaining 4,900 7.5 million
1.6 million
Fossil B 18% remaining 7,000 2.8 million
7 million
Fossil C 75% remaining 1,200 3.4 million

Fossil D 65% remaining 2,000

Fossil E 20% remaining 6,200

Fossil F 42% remaining 3,200

Average Atomic Mass Practice Problems

1. Calculate the atomic mass of lead. The four lead isotopes have atomic masses and relative
abundances of 203.973 amu (1.4%), 205.974 amu (24.1%), 206.976 amu (22.1%) and
207.977 amu (52.4%).

(203.973 x 0.014) + (205.974 x 0.241) + (206.976 x 0.221) + (207.977 x 0.524) = 207.217 amu
How many neutrons would each isotope have in its nucleus?

2. Calculate the average atomic mass of sulfur if 95.00% of all sulfur atoms have a mass of
31.972 amu, 0.76% has a mass of 32.971amu and 4.22% have a mass of 33.967amu.

(31.972 x 0.9500) + (32.971 x 0.0076) + (33.967 x 0.0422) = 32.06 amu
How many neutrons would each isotope have in its nucleus?

Quiz - Isotopes

Name: Nate Brancazio Date: 2/6/17

Directions​ construct a graph that will help you determine the age of fossils.

I​ sotope A Percent Isotope
Years

0 100

5730 50

11,460 25

17,190 12.5

22,920 6.25

28,650 3.125

34,380 1.06

40,110 .5

45,840 .25

51,570 .125

57,300 0

Hint: Remember to add gridlines

Graph: ​(place graph here)

Questions: (Use your graph above to answer the questions below)
1. How old is the following fossil?
Fossil A - 73% of Isotope A remaining
1800 years old

2. How old is the following fossil?
Fossil B - 15% of Isotope A remaining
17500

3. What percentage of Isotope A is remaining if the fossil is 1200 years old?
(Use your graph)
87%

Average Atomic Mass Calculations

1. Naturally occurring chlorine that is put in pools is 75.53 percent 35Cl (mass = 34.969
amu) and 24.47 percent 37Cl (mass = 36.966 amu). Calculate the average atomic mass
of chlorine.

(35 * 0.7553) + (37 * 0.2447)
26.4 + 9 = 35.4 amu

2. Calculate the atomic mass of silicon. The three silicon isotopes have atomic masses and
relative abundances of 27.9769 amu (92.2297%), 28.9765 amu (4.6832%) and 29.9738
amu (3.0872%).

(28 * 0.9222) + (29 * 0.0486) + (30 * 0.0308)
25.8 + 1.4 + 0.9 = 28.1 amu

Writing:
Use one of the examples above to discuss how you determine the number of neutrons for each
isotope. You also need to discuss how the %abundance contributed to the Average Atomic
Mass of the element. (HINT: Think of the M&M Lab!)

To find the number of neutrons in an isotope’s nucleus, you subtract the atomic number,
or number of proton, from the atomic mass. For instance, Cl-37, there would be 20 neutrons
because you subtract the number of protons, 17, from the atomic mass, 37. Cl-35 would have
18 neutrons, because 35 - 17 = 18. The % abundance contributes to the average atomic mass
because it porpotionizes the average weight of each type of isotope to its abundance. In the
M&M lab, we found that the average weight of a plain M&M was .9 units, and they had a %
abundance of 86%. For the pretzel M&Ms, they had an average weight of 2.35 and a %

abundance of 14%. So to find the average atomic mass, we had to multiply the average weight
by the % abundance.

Velocity Story

Directions: Work in a group to tell a story of a classmate in motion. You must include 3 turns
(change in direction) and 3 different velocities. Your story must also have an amount of time
where the classmate does not move. What did the person do when they stopped? Where were
they going?

Data Table:
Example: Velocity = Distance/Time
V = 12 m/3 sec
V = 4 m/sec.

Description
Distance (m)
Time (sec.)
Velocity (m/s)
Top of ramp to bottom of ramp - walk
10
8
1.25
Bottom of ramp to water fountain - hop
4
4
1
Stopped at water fountain
0
4
0
Crawled from water fountain to locker 914
4

5
.8
Run from locker to periodic table
12
4
3
Crabwalk from periodic table to paper towels
5
11
2.2

Graph: (X-axis is Time; y axis is Distance)

Story: First, we traveled 1.25 meters per second from the top of the ramp, to the bottom.
Second, we traveled 1 meter per second from the bottom of the ramp, to the water fountain.
Then, we stopped at the water fountain, and traveled 0 meters, and took a 4 second water
break. Fourth, we crawled to locker 914, with an average .8 meters per second. Then we
sprinted to the periodic table with an average 3 meters per second. Lastly, we crab crawled to
the paper towel dispenser with an average 2.2 meters per second.

Velocity Project

Velocity Project 2018

Due: Wednesday night February 21,2018

1. Define the following terms and include pictures if possible:

Motion Speed Position

Distance Acceleration Terminal Velocity

Time Initial Velocity Displacement

Velocity Final Velocity Key Metric units

2. What is the difference between Speed and Velocity? Explain using an example
in your own words.
Speed is how fast you move over a certain period of time, Velocity is how fast you move
in a certain period of time in a certain direction.
3. Pick 2 cities (minimum 500 miles apart) in the United States or world and
construct a data table and graph showing the amount of hours that it would take
to travel between the 2 cities with the following modes of transportation:
Cities - Seattle and San Francisco = 807 miles

A. Fastest Runner - 28 mph
T=D/V
T=807/28
T=28.8
28.8 hours

B. Model T Ford - 45 mph
T=D/V
T=807/45
T=17.9
17.9 hours

C. Hindenburg - 84 mph
T=D/V
T=807/84
T=9.6
9.6 hours

D. Tesla top speed - 155 miles

T=D/V
T=807/155
T=5.2
5.2 hours

E. Fastest train - ​267 mph
T=D/V
T=807/267
T=3
3 hours

F. F35 Fighter Jet - 1,200 mph
T=D/V
T=807/1200
T=0.6
0.6 hours

G. Vehicle of your choice - Snail - 0.029 mph
T=D/V
T=807/0.029
T=27827.5
27827.5 hours
*Provide a map showing your cities
*Show Detailed Math Steps

4. What would like to see in this city when you arrive? What tourist attraction?
What restaurant would you like to visit in this city? Provide pictures
What is the basic history of this city?
San Francisco is a city in California. Some things I would like to see include the Golden
Gate Bridge and the Piers.

5. Determine and graph an 18% increase in Velocity for each vehicle - Show how
the Times would be affected by the increase in speed. Show a double bar graph

with the 2 different times for each vehicle.
*Include pictures and brief description of each mode of transportation

H. Fastest Runner - 33 mph
T=D/V
T=807/33
T=24.4
24.4 hours

I. Model T Ford - 53 mph
T=D/V
T=807/53
T=15.2
15.2 hours

J. Hindenburg - 99 mph
T=D/V
T=807/99
T=8.1
8.1 hours

K. Tesla top speed - 182 miles
T=D/V
T=807/182
T=4.4
4.4 hours

L. Fastest train - ​315 mph
T=D/V
T=807/315
T=2.5
2.5 hours

M. F35 Fighter Jet - 1,416 mph
T=D/V
T=807/1416
T=0.5
0.5 hours

N. Vehicle of your choice - Snail - 0.034 mph
T=D/V
T=807/0.034
T=23735.2
23735.2 hours

6. Use a math calculation to show how long it would take the F35 Fighter Jet to
get to

A. Sun
T=D/V
T=9.29 × 107​ /​ 1416
T= 65607

B. Saturn
T=D/V
T=7.4564543 × 10​8/​ 1416
T= 526214

C. Neptune
T=D/V
T=2.920444603 × 109​ /​ 1416
T=2062460
(Use scientific notation)