Green Science 3 Final

d. What are two types of diet? Name them.
e. What is vegetarian diet?
f. What is non-vegetarain diet?
5. Classify the following food items into vegetarian and non-
vegetarian diet.
a. b. c.

6. Write any two advantages of vegetarian diet.
7. Write any three disadvantages of non-vegetarian diet.

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 151

Diseases unit

22

Weighting Distribution (Approximate)

Teaching periods : 5 Marks (in %): 7.5

Learning Objectives

After completing the study of this unit, students will be able to:
(i) define disease and state its types.
(ii) state the causes of diseases.
(iii) define communicable and non-communicable

diseases with examples.
(iv) state the preventive and control measures of some

common diseases.

Word Power physically
disease uneasy non-communicable
mentally communicable mucus
appetite
transfer sputum

impure transmit

Teaching Instructions

ó Introduce diseases to the students with examples.
ó Demonstrate a chart showing different types of diseases.
ó Define non-communicable diseases with examples.
ó Discuss the ways to be safe from non-communicable diseases.
ó Introduce communicable diseases with examples.
ó Discuss the ways to be safe from communicable diseases.
ó Describe the causes, symptoms and preventive measures of common

cold and diarrhoea.
ó Evaluate the students asking them various questions related to diseases.

152 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

Diseases

All the time we do not remain well/healthy. Sometimes we fall sick.
When we are healthy, we can do work and we feel comfortable.
But when we suffer from a disease, we cannot do work and we
feel uneasy. So a disease or illness is the disorder in the normal
functioning of the body or body parts, for example: common cold,
typhoid, malaria. There are two types of diseases, viz. communicable
diseases and non-communicable diseases.

Non-communicable Diseases

The diseases which do not transmit from a sick person to another
are called non-communicable diseases. Goitre, anaemia, heart
disease, scurvy, marasmus and kwasiorkor are some examples
of non-communicable diseases. These diseases are not caused by
microbes or germs. Non-communicable diseases are caused due to
lack of nutrients in the diet or disorder in the body organs.

Fig.

22.1 Marasmus Malnutrition

Goitre

Communicable Diseases

The diseases which are transmitted from a sick person to a healthy
person are called communicable diseases. Common cold, measles,
rabies, polio, tuberculosis, chicken pox, malaria, typhoid, cholera,
dysentery, AIDS and mumps are some examples of communicable
diseases. These diseases are transmitted by various methods.

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 153

Fig.

22.2 Chicken pox Dysentry

Common cold

Communicable diseases are caused by bacteria, viruses, protozoa,
etc. Typhoid, tuberculosis, leprosy, cholera, whooping cough, etc.
are some diseases caused by bacteria. AIDS, rabies, common cold,
mumps, polio, measles, chicken pox are some diseases caused by
viruses. Similarly, dysentery, malaria, sleeping sickness are some
diseases caused by protozoa.

Various agents like air, water, insects, contaminated food, etc.
transmit communicable diseases from one person to another. The
living organisms like mosquito, housefly, etc. transmit diseases.
Mosquitoes transmit malaria, yellow fever, encephalitis, dengue, etc.
Houseflies transmit dysentery, cholera, etc. Similarly, communicable
diseases are transmitted due to close contact with the patient and
through the materials used by the patient. The transmission of
communicable diseases can be prevented by maintaining personal
hygiene and environmental sanitation.

Methods to be safe from communicable diseases

1. We should maintain a high level of personal hygiene.
2. We should wear clean and comfortable clothes.
3. We should avoid direct contact with an infected person.
4. We should eat fresh and healthy food.
5. We should wash our hands properly with soap and water before

eating and after using the toilet.

154 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

6. We should drink pure water.

7. We should cover our mouth and nose with a handkerchief while
coughing and sneezing.

Some Communicable Diseases

1. Common cold

Common cold is a viral diseases caused by rhino virus. It commonly
occurs in the winter season.

Mode of transmission Fig.

a. Direct contact with an
infected person

b. Through the materials used
by the patient

c. Through mucus while
coughing and sneezing

Symptoms 22.3
a. Runny nose
b. Sneezing and coughing Person suffering from common
c. Fever and headache cold

Preventive and control measures
a. Avoiding contact with the patient
b. Keeping the patient in a separate room
c. Avoiding the materials used by the patient
d. Wearing warm clothes and drinking hot water in the winter

season

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 155

2. Diarrhoea

Diarrhoea is a communicable disease caused due to contaminated
food and water.

Modes of transmission
a. Through contaminated food

and water
b. Eating stale food
c. By means of flies

Symptoms Fig.

a. Watery or loose stool for 2-3 22.4

times a day Person suffering from dirrhoea

b. Vomiting

c. Loss of appetite

Preventive and control measures
a. Drinking pure and boiled water
b. Washing hands properly with soap and water before eating and

after using the toilet
c. Avoiding stale and contaminated food
d. Maintaining a high level of personal hygiene

Activity
Prepare a list of communicable disease.
Prepare a list of non-communicable disease.

156 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

Exercise

1. Tick (√) the best answer from the given alternatives.

a. Which of the following is a non-communicable disease?

common cold goitre diarrhoea

b. Which of the following is a communicable disease?

diarrhoea marasmus goitre

c. Which of the following is the symptom of common cold?

sneezing vomiting watery stool

d. We should drink ....................... water.

clean boiled pure

2. Put a tick (√) for the correct statement and a cross (×) for the
incorrect one.

a. The condition when we feel uneasy is called a disease.
b. We should eat junk and stale food.
c. Communicable diseases transmit from one person to

another.
d. Common cold does not transmit from one person to

another.

3. Fill in the blanks using appropriate words.

a. ..................... is the disorder in the normal functioning of the
body.

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 157

b. The diseases which transmit from one person to another are
called .....................

c. ..................... diseases do not transmit from one person to
another.

d. Coughing, sneezing and fever are the symptoms of
.....................

4. Answer the following questions.
a. Define disease with any three examples.
b. What are non-communicable diseases? Give any three
examples.
c. Write any three causes of non-communicable diseases.
d. Write any three ways to be safe from non-communicable
diseases.
e. What are communicable diseases? Give any three examples.
f. Write any three causes of communicable diseases.
g. Write any three ways to be safe from communicable diseases.

5. Write down the causes, symptoms and preventive measures
of common cold.

6. Write down the causes, symptoms and preventive measures
of diarrhoea.

158 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

Safety and First Aid unit

23

Weighting Distribution (Approximate)

Teaching periods : 4 Marks (in %): 6

Learning Objectives

After completing the study of this unit, students will be able to:
(i) introduce safety.
(ii) state the safety rules that should be followed at

different places.
(iii) introduce first aid and explain the first aid to some

common accidents.

Word Power first aid careless
safety injury burn
accident dangerous victim
poisonous wrap
fracture

splint

Teaching Instructions

ó Introduce safety and its importance to the students.
ó State the safety rules that should be followed at home, school

playground, road, classroom, swimming pool,etc.
ó Introduce first aid to the students.
ó Demonstrate a first aid box to the students with the materials that are

kept in it.
ó Explain the first aid to cuts and wounds, burn, nose bleeding, fracture,

etc.
ó Evaluate the students asking them various questions related to safety

and first aid.

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 159

Safety

Safety is the state of being safe and protected from accidents. Most
accidents can be avoided by adopting safety rules. The unpleasant
event that occurs suddenly and causes injury is called an accident.
Accidents occur while walking, running, playing, crossing the road,
driving the vehicles and doing other activities. Some accidents may
occur due to natural disasters like flood, landslide and earthquake.
Accidents usually occur when we are careless.

Fig. Fig.23.1 (b)

(a)

Some of the safety rules that we should follow at home, on the road,
at school and swimming pool are given below :

a. Safety at home

1. We should not play with sharp objects like knife, blade, etc.
2. We should not play with gas stove, lighter, match box, etc.

23.2 (b) (c)

(a)

160 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

3. We should not play with electrical appliances, switches, plugs,
wires, sockets, etc. to avoid an electrical shock.

4. We should not touch electrical appliances, plugs and sockets
with wet hands.

5. We should not play with glass objects.
6. We should not run on the ladder or staircase. Running or

pushing on staircase may invite a dangerous accident.
7. We should not climb on trees, walls or furniture items.
8. We should keep our floor and bathroom neat and clean.

b. Safety on the road

1. We should always walk on the foothpath.
2. We should not play on the road.
3. We should cross the road only from the zebra-crossing.

Fig.

23.3 (b)

(a)
4. We should not run while crossing the road.

5. We should not cross the road from behind a parked vehicle.

6. We should not get down from a moving vehicle.

c. Safety at school

1. We should not pull and push each other on the staircase.
2. We should play safe games.
3. We should not climb and jump on desks and benches.

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 161

4. We should not use blade and knife to sharpen a pencil.
5. We should not push others while playing.

Fig.
Fig.
23.4 (b)

(a)

d. Safety in a swimming pool

1. We should not go swimming
alone.

2. We should use a tube for
swimming.

3. We should not push others
in a swimming pool.

4. We should not practice 23.5
swimming in rivers and streams.

5. We should not go in a deep pool.

First Aid

First aid is the immediate help given to an injured person until the
medical treatment is available. The injured person must be given
first aid immediately. The person who is trained to give first aid is
called a first aider.

We should have knowledge what to do when an accident takes
place. We should know about first aid. We should stay calm and be
quick to provide first aid to the victim. We should seek help from
a first aider or seniors. We should not allow the injured person to

162 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

Fig. Fig.move. We should not form a crowd around the injured person.
The first aid for some common accidents is given below :

1. First aid for cuts and scratches

Before giving first aid to cut and scratch, we should wash our hands
properly with soap and water. If the cut or scratches is not deep,
we should wash it with soap and water. Then we should apply
antiseptic cream after drying the wound. Then the cut or scratches
should be covered with a clean bandage or a piece of clean cloth.

23.6

(a) (b)
If the cut or scratch is very deep and bleeding heavily, we should
wash it with soap and water. Then bleeding should be stopped by
pressing the wound with a pad of clean cloth or cotton.

2. First aid for a burn

Hot objects like fire, steam, acids, boiling water, firecrackers, etc.
may burn our skin. A burn may be minor or serious. No blisters
are formed in the skin in minor burn. The area of burn should be
immersed in cold water for 10-15 minutes. The burnt portion should
be covered with a wet cloth.

23.7

(a) (b)

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 163

Fig. Fig.If the burn is severe with blisters, the burnt part should be immersed
in cold water and the blisters should not be broken. The burnt part
Fig.should be covered with a wet bandage and the victim should be
rushed to the hospital immediately.

3. First aid for nose bleeding

On hot summer days, nose
bleeding is common in children.
The nose should be pinched
between the thumb and fore
finger to stop bleeding. We
should apply ice pack on the 23.8
nose to stop bleeding.

4. First aid for a sprain

Sprain is a sudden twisting of
a joint. The twisted joint swells
up and it is very painful. The
joint should not be moved. We
should apply ice pack to reduce
the swelling. Then an elastic 23.9
bandage should be wrapped
around the injured portion.

5. First aid for a fracture

The break or crack in a bone due
to accident is called a fracture.
We should not move the
fractured part. We should give
support to the fractured portion
by strapping a splint or cloth
sling to prevent further damage. 23.10
Then the victim should be taken to the hospital for further treatment.

164 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

Project Work

Make your own first aid box by keeping the following materials
in a box.

- soap - spirit

- cotton wool - thermometer

- aspirin - adhesive pad

- bandage - scissors

- iodine solution - antiseptic

- burncream - band-aids

Exercise

1. Put a tick (√) for the correct statement and a cross (×) for the
incorrect one.
a. The state of being safe and protected from accident or danger
is called safety.
b. We should touch electric appliances with wet hands.
c. We should not play on the road.
d. First aid is given after taking the victim to the hospital.

2. Fill in the blanks using appropriate words.

a. .................... is an unpleasent event that occurs suddenly and
causes injury.

b. Most accidents can be avoided by adopting ....................

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 165

c. We should cross the road only from ....................
d. .................... is a sudden twisting of a joint.
e. Nose bleeding is common in .................... days.

3. Answer the following questions.
a. What is accident? What is the main cause of accident?
b. What is safety?
c. How can we avoid accident?
d. Write any three safety rules that we should adopt at home.
e. Write any three safety rules that we should follow on the road.
f. How can we avoid accidents at school? Write any three
measures.
g. Write any three safety rules while swimming.
h. What is first aid?
i. What first aid is given to a person who has suffered from
cuts and scratches?
j. Write down the first aid for nose bleeding.

4. Describe in brief the importance of first aid.

5. Prepare a list of the materials that are kept in a 'first aid box'.

166 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

Health Services unit

24

Weighting Distribution (Approximate)

Teaching periods : 2 Marks (in %): 3

Learning Objectives

After completing the study of this unit, students will be able to:
(i) introduce health services and list the various health

services that we get from health institutions.
(ii) describe the importance of health services.

Word Power services health post
health clinic nursing
hospital treatment essential
emergency
institutions

arrangement

Teaching Instructions

ó Start teaching asking various questions to the students related to
diseases and health services.

ó Demonstrate some flash cards showing the names of health institutions
and facilities that we get there.

ó Introduce health post, hospital, clinics and nursing homes to the
students with the facilities that we get there.

ó Pay a visit to a nearby health institution and let the students observe
the health services that can be obtained from the health institution.

ó Evaluate the students asking them various questions related to the
health services.

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 167

Health Services

We do not remain healthy for all the time. Sometimes we may fall
sick or meet accident. Then we seek treatment from various health
institutions like health post, primary health centre, clinic, nursing
home and hospital. We can get health services in these institutions to
treat our diseases. The services that we get from health institutions are
called health services. Health services include treatment of diseases,
vaccination and dissemination of various health related information.

Fig.

24.1 Vaccination

Check up

In Nepal, health posts, primary health centres and hospitals have
been established in different parts of the country to provide health
services. Similarly, clinics, nursing homes and hospitals have been
established by private sectors to provide health facilities to the
people.

A brief description of health institutions that provide health services
in Nepal is given below :

1. Health Post

Government of Nepal has established health posts to provide basic
health services in VDC (Village Development Committee). Health
Assistants and nurses provide health services in health posts. Health
services like vaccination, child delivery, simple health check up in
case of fever, cold, dysentery, typhoid, malaria, etc. are available in
health posts.

168 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

Fig. Fig.24.2

Health post Giving medicine

Health posts provide both emergency and general health facilities.

Emergency health facilities include treatment of minor accidents,

burn, fracture, food poisoning, child delivery, drowning, etc. General

health facilities include vaccination, treatment of fever, cold, headache,

malaria, diarrhoea, typhoid, etc. and conduction of various awareness

programmes. Only simple diseases are treated in health posts.

2. Clinics and Nursing Homes

Private sector has established several clinics and nursing homes in
different parts of the country. The number of health personnel may
differ according to the capacity of the institution. Doctors, health
assistants, nurses, pathologists, radiologists, etc. provide health
services in these institutions. These institutions provide quick and
quality health services. However, they are very expensive and
therefore they are beyond the reach of poor people.

24.3 Nursing home

Private clinic

3. Hospitals

Hospitals have been established to provide different types of health
services. Many medical personnels like doctors, nurses, health

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 169

assistants, pathologists, radiologists, etc. are available in hospitals.
Generally, hospitals have been established in city areas. Health
services are more expensive in private hospitals than government
and community hospitals.

Fig.

24.4 TU Teaching Hospital Gangalal Hospital

Bir Hospital

Hospitals provide almost all health facilities. Both general and
serious diseases are treated in hospitals. Hospitals may be general
or specific. Bir Hospital, TU Teaching Hospital, Patan Hospital,
etc. are some general hospitals of Nepal. All kinds of diseases are
treated in these hospitals. Specific hospitals provide services for
specific diseases only. For example, Tilganga Eye Hospital treats
eye diseases only, Sahid Gangalal National Heart Centre treats
heart diseases only.

When we fall sick, we should seek health services on time. We
should suggest family members and neighbours to go to hospitals
when they fall sick.

Activity 1

Visit a nearby health institution (health post, clinic or hospital).
Meet the medical personnel there and ask the health services
that can be obtained from that institution.

Exercise

1. Tick (√) the best answer from the given alternatives.

a. We should go to ....................... when we fall sick.

hospital school temple

170 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

b. Only simple diseases are treated in a .......................

health post nursing home hospital

c. Health services are very expensive in ....................... hospitals.

government private community

d. All kinds of diseases are treated in .......................

health posts clinics hospitals

2. Put a tick (√) for the correct statement and a cross (×) for the
incorrect one.

a. We should go to hospital when we fall sick.

b. Health posts provide basic health services

c. Almost all diseases are treated in hospitals.

d. Only eye diseases are treated in Tilganga Eye Hospital.

3. Fill in the blanks using appropriate words.

a. The services that we get from health institutions are called
...........

b. Health posts provide both ........... and general health services.

c. Doctors and nurses provide health services in ...........

d. ........... provide almost all health facilities.
4. Answer the following questions.

a. What are health services?
b. Name any three health institutions that provide health

services.
c. What types of health services can be obtained in health post?
d. What types of health services can be obtained in clinics and

nursing homes?
e. What types of health services are obtained from hospitals?
f. Name any two hospitals of Nepal.
g. Name any two hospitals of Nepal that treat specific diseases.

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 171

Drinking and Smoking unit

25

Weighting Distribution (Approximate)

Teaching periods : 4 Marks (in %): 6

Learning Objectives

After completing the study of this unit, students will be able to:
(i) introduce drinking and smoking and state that these

are bad habits.
(ii) state adverse effects of drinking and smoking.

Word Power smoking alcohol
drinking society fight
tobacco robbery murder
theft unaware violent
kidnap
nicotine

Teaching Instructions

ó Start teaching by demonstrating some pictures of drinking and
smoking.

ó Explain that drinking and smoking are bad habits.

ó Describe the causes and adverse effects of drinking and smoking to the
students.

ó Explain the methods to avoid drinking and smoking.

ó Evaluate the students asking various questions related to drinking and
smoking.

172 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

Drinking and Smoking

In our society, a variety of people are found. Most of them adopt good
habits but some adopt very bad habits like drinking, smoking, taking
drugs, etc. Have you ever seen a person drinking and smoking?

Fig. Fig.25.1 Smoking

Drinking alcohol

Drinking alcohol and smoking tobacco are bad habits. These habits
create many problems in the society. Gang fights, theft, robbery,
kidnapping, murders, etc. are the results of adopting bad habits. Bad
habits may be the cause of poor health and death. Therefore, we should
avoid bad habits to live a healthy life.

25.2

Gang fight Robbery Kidnap

We must avoid the company of bad friends as most of the people adopt

bad habits from their friends. If any of our friends adopts such habits,

we should suggest him/her to avoid these habits. Young children copy

bad habits from their parents and guardians. Therefore, parents and

guardians should avoid bad habits. Similarly, children should also

suggest their parents to avoid bad habits telling the adverse effects of

bad habits. In this unit, we will study drinking and smoking and their

causes and effects in brief.

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 173

Drinking

The bad habit of taking alcohol is called drinking. Alcohol is a clear
liquid which is found in drinks like rum, vodka, whisky, gin, wine,
beer, tongba, etc. A large number of people consume alcoholic
drinks in Nepal. Among them some people drink alcohol everyday
but most of them drink alcohol on some special occasions like
wedding, picnic, party, etc.

Fig.

25.3 Fighting after drinking

Drinking alcohol in a party

Causes of drinking alcohol
1. Most people drink alcohol to have fun.

2. Some people drink alcohol to relax and to forget their tension.

3. Some people drink alcohol to relieve their boredom.

4. Some people drink alcohol thinking that alcohol kills the germs
in their abdomen.

5. Some people drink alcohol as a matter of their culture and
tradition.

Effects of drinking alcohol
1. When a large quantity of alcohol is taken, the body becomes

weak and the person loses physical balance.
2. The alcoholic person cannot speak and walk properly.
3. The alcoholic person may have blurred vision.
4. The alcoholic person may meet accidents.

174 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

5. The long-term consumption of alcohol affects the liver, heart
and kidneys. It affects reproductive power of males and females.

6. Alcoholic persons lose social respect and prestige.

Preventive measures of drinking alcohol
1. We should avoid the company of bad friends.
2. Advertisement of alcoholic drinks should be banned.
3. Drinking alcohol should be prohibited in public places.
4. Proper health education should be given to develop awareness.

Smoking

The bad habit of taking the smoke of tobacco is called smoking.
Tobacco is a green plant having thick leaves. Its dried leaves are
used for making cigarettes and bidies, smoking a pipe or chewing.
Tobacco contains harmful chemical called nicotine.

Fig.

25.4 Cigarette Hookah

Tobacco plant

Causes of smoking
1. People start smoking to have fun and to get relaxed.

2. They smoke due to pressure of their friends.

3. Some people imitate smoking under the influence of advertisement.

Effects of smoking
1. The smoke of cigarettes, bidies, etc. affects mouth, throat and

lungs.

2. It can lead to cancer of mouth, throat and lungs.

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 175

3. Smoking causes darkening of teeth, breathing problems,
coughing, etc.

4. Smoking increases heart beat rate and blood pressure.
5. It also affects non-smokers sitting nearby the smokers.
6. Smoking affects a pregnant woman and her child.

Preventive measures of smoking
1. We should avoid the company of bad friends.

2. The advertisement of smoking and tobacco should be banned.

3. Awareness should be generated by giving proper health
education.

Activity 1
Prepare a list of the adverse effects of drinking and smoking.

Make some placards with slogans against drinking and
smoking. Conduct a rally in your locality to develop awareness
against drinking and smoking.

Exercise

1. Tick (√) the best answer from the given alternatives.

a. Which of the following is a bad habit?

reading writing smoking

b. We should avoid the company of .......................

good friends bad friends friends

c. People drink alcohol to .......................

have fun forget tension both of them

d. The bad habit of taking alcohol is called .......................

smoking drinking chewing

176 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

2. Put a tick (√) for the correct statement and a cross (×) for the
incorrect one.
a. Drinking and smoking are good habits.
b. Young children copy bad habits from their parents.
c. Drinking alcohol is good for health.
d. Tobacco contains harmful chemical called nicotine.

3. Fill in the blanks using appropriate words.
a. ................... is a clear liquid found in rum, vodka and whisky.
b. ................... person cannot speak and walk properly.
c. ................... is the bad habit of taking smoke of tobacco.
d. ................... can lead the cancer of mouth, throat and lungs.

4. Answer the following questions.
a. What is drinking? Why is it called a bad habit?
b. What is alcohol?
c. Why do people drink alcohol? Give any three reasons.
d. Write any three adverse effects of drinking alcohol.
e. Write any two preventive measures of drinking alcohol.
f. What is smoking?
g. Write any three causes of smoking.
h. Write any three adverse effects of smoking.
i. Write any two preventive measures of smoking.

5. Study the given figures and write any two points on each.
a. b.

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 177

Sample Test Paper 3

Health Education

F.M.: 50
Time: 1 hr. 30 min.

1. Tick (√) the best answer from the given alternatives. 5

a. Physical exercise helps us to remain ........................

healthy fit tall

b. The room where we cook food is called ........................

bathroom kitchen store

c. We prefer a ........................ environment to live.

clean dirty polluted

d. Milk, meat and eggs are rich in ........................

vitamins carbohydrates proteins

e. We should go to ........................ when we fall sick.

hospital school temple

2. Put a tick (√) for the correct statement and a cross (×) for the

incorrect one. 5

a. We should brush our teeth twice a day.

b. We wear light cotton clothes in winter.

c. A dirty kitchen is the home of flies and cockroaches.

d. We should not defecate near the sources of water.

e. First aid is given after taking the victim to hospital.

3. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words. 5

a. Kitchen wastes should be used to prepare ........................

b. Glucose provides us instant ........................

178 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

c. ........................ diseases do not transmit from one person to
another.

d. Most accidents can be avoided by adopting ........................

e. Health posts provide both ........................ and general health
sevices.

4. Answer the following questions. 10 × 2 = 20
a. What is personal hygiene?

b. Write down the advantage of taking physical exercise
regularly.

c. Write any two features of a good bedroom.

d. What do you mean by a clean environment?

e. What are body-building foods? Give any two examples.

f. Write any two methods of keeping food safe.

g. What are non-communicable diseases? Give any two
examples.

h. Write any two safety rules that we should follow on the road.

i. What are health services?

j. Write any two adverse effects of smoking.

5. Match the following. 5

a. Bathroom Where we go for urination

b. Kitchen Where we sleep and take a rest

c. Study room Where we take a bath

d. Bedroom Where we cook our food

e. Toilet Where we read books

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 179

6. Classify the following food items into energy-giving, body-

building and protective foods. 3

a. b. c.

7. Write any four ways to maintain personal hygiene. 4

8. Study the given figure and find out whether the environment
is clean or dirty. Also, write any two points to support your
answer. 3

Marks obtained: ...............................................

Student's grade: ...............................................

Teacher's remark: ............................................. Gardian's signature and

Teacher's signature: ......................................... remark

180 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

Physical Education unit

Moving Skills of 26
Physical Exercise

Weighting Distribution (Approximate)

Teaching periods : 3 Marks (in %): 4.5

Learning Objectives

After completing the study of this unit, students will be able to:
(i) define moving skills of physical exercise, i.e. walking,

running, hopping, skipping and jumping.
(ii) demonstrate walking, running, hopping, skipping

and jumping in proper ways.

Word Power skill walking
moving hopping skipping
running active flexible
mental emotional
jumping

physical

Teaching Instructions

ó Introduce foundation skills of physical exercise, viz. walking, running,
hopping, skipping and jumping to the students.

ó Find a proper place for demonstrating moving skills and arrange all
necessary materials before playing.

ó Demonstrate each and every activity before the students perform.
ó Let the students do warm up exercise before playing the games.
ó Encourage all the students to take part in the game.
ó Explain the advantages of moving skills of physical exercise.
ó Evaluate the students on the basis of their performance in the games.

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 181

Fig. Fig.Moving Skills of Physical Education

We move from one place to another while performing physical
activities. Physical activities like walking, running, hopping,
skipping, jumping and throwing are moving skills of physical
exercise. These activities help to keep our body active, flexible and
strong. A regular practice of these activities help in physical, mental,
emotional as well as social development of a person.

1. Walking

The act of moving slowly with the help of legs is called walking.
It is an easy warming up exercise. While walking, the left leg is
followed by the right. We keep our body straight and swing hands
while walking. Walking can be done in various ways :
Activity 1: Walking in a straight line

26.1

Activity 2: Walking side by side

26.2
182 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

Fig.Activity 3: Walking in different directions
Fig.
26.3

Activity 4: Walking in a circular path and a zig-zag line

26.4

2. Running

The act of moving fast with the help of legs is called running. We
slightly bend our body forward and swing hands while running. It
is a common moving skill of physical exercise. Running warms up
our body for playing games.
Running has three commands. They are (i) On your mark, (ii) Get
set, and (iii) Go.
Before running, we should place our left leg forward just behind
the marked line. At "On your mark" command, we should be ready
to run. At "Get set" command, we should lift our bent body and at
"Go" command, we should rush forward to reach the "Final point".
We can enjoy running in various ways.

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 183

Fig. Fig.Activity 1: Running in a straight line
We can run in a straight line as shown in the figure.
Fig.
26.5

Activity 2: Running in a circular path
We can run in a circular path as shown in the figure.

26.6

Activity 3: Running in a zig-zag path
We can run in a zig-zag path and enjoy a lot.

26.7
184 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

3. SkippingFig. Fig.

It is a very popular
game among girls.
The act of jumping
over a rotating rope
is called skipping. In
skipping, we rotate a 26.8
rope from head to feet and cross the rope at the feet by lifting the
legs. Let us enjoy skipping.

4. Hopping

Hopping is the act of
jumping of a single
leg. We bend one leg
from the knee lying
body's weight on 26.9
another leg while hopping. We cannot hop for a long time as we
use only one leg. So hopping is done for a short distance.

5. Jumping

The act of moving upward or forward with the help of legs is called
jumping. We jump upward to reach the things at height and we jump
forward to reach at distance. Jumping is also a warm up exercise.
It keeps our body fit, fine and healthy. Let us jump as shown in the
given figures.

Activity 1: Jumping upward

Fig.

26.10

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 185

Activity 2: Jumping forward Fig.
Fig. Fig.
26.11

Jumping can be performed in various ways. Both long jump and
high jump are very common moving exercises.

Long jump
Long jump is the act of jumping forward lifting our body in the air.
Long jump can be done by running a short distance or by standing.
Long jump includes running for six to ten steps and then jump
forward. In long jump, we "take off" on one leg and land on both
legs bending body forward. We should land on loose soil or sand
pit for safety. Let us perform long jump as shown in the figure.

26.2

High jump
High jump is the act of jumping
upward lifting our body in the air.
We cross a rope or a pole in high
jump. But one should not touch the
rope or pole. Approach, take off
and landing are three steps of high 26.13

186 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

jump. We should keep the rope or pole onto two poles in such a
way that the rope or pole falls easily when the player touches it. To
avoid accidents, we should land on a sand pit for landing.

Exercise

1. What are moving skills of physical exercise?
2. Define walking and running.
3. What is meant by hopping and skipping?
4. What is a long jump? Where should we land in a long jump?
5. What is a high jump?
6. Name the moving skills shown in the given figures.

a. b. c.

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 187

Static Skills of Physical unit
27
Exercise

Weighting Distribution (Approximate)

Teaching periods : 3 Marks (in %): 4.5

Learning Objectives

After completing the study of this unit, students will be able to:
(i) introduce static skills of physical exercise, viz.

hanging, swinging, climbing and throwing.
(ii) demonstrate static skills, viz. hanging, swinging,

climbing and throwing.

Word Power skill hanging
static climbing throwing
swinging perform bending
roll
careful

flexible

Teaching Instructions

ó Introduce static skills of physical exercise with examples.
ó Encourage every student to take part in the game.
ó Demonstrate hanging, swinging, climbing and throwing to the

students.
ó Find a proper place for performing games.
ó Explain the advantages of the games and precautions while performing

hanging, swinging, climbing and throwing.
ó Let the students play after warming up exercise.
ó Evaluate the students on the basis of their performance in the games.

188 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

Static Skills of Physical Exercise

Some exercises are performed without moving from one place to
another. These exercises are called static exercises. These exercises
include hanging, swinging, climbing, throwing, bending of the
body, stretching the body, etc. The exercises which are performed
without moving from one place to another are called static exercises.
These exercises keep our body fit, fine and flexible. In this unit,
we will study the static skills like hanging, swinging, climbing and
throwing.

1. Hanging

Hanging can be done on a bar or a pole or a rope. We can roll our
body around a rope or a bar. Let us perform hanging as shown in
the figures.

Fig. Fig. 27.1

2. Swinging

We enjoy swinging on a bar or a rope. We should catch the bar or
the rope properly while swinging. Let us enjoy swinging as follows:

27.2

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 189

Fig.3. Climbing
Fig.
We can perform climbing on a pole or a rope or a tree. We should
be careful while performing climbing. Let us enjoy climbing.

27.3

4. Throwing

We throw various things from one place to anther. This skill is
practised by throwing light objects from one place to another. This
skill is required to play volleyball, basketball, cricket, etc. Let us
practise throwing as shown in the figures.

27.4

Exercise

1. What is meant by a static exercise?
2. Name any three static exercises.
3. Write down the advantages of performing a static exercise.
4. Why do we need throwing skills?

190 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

Physical Training unit

28

Weighting Distribution (Approximate)
Teaching periods : 6 Marks (in %): 9

Learning Objectives

After completing the study of this unit, students will be able to:
(i) introduce physical training.
(ii) perform physical training from PT No. 1 to 7.

Word Power

physical training fit healthy
ankles chest
flexible waist enjoy

shoulder repeat

Teaching Instructions

ó Introduce physical training (PT) to the students.
ó Demonstrate the methods of performing physical training from No. 1

to No. 7.
ó Warm up the students before performing PT.
ó Find a proper place for performing PT.
ó Encourage every student to perform PT.
ó Let the students practise PT counting upto 16.
ó Evaluate the students on the basis of their performance in PT.

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 191

Physical Training Fig. Fig. Fig.
Fig.
Physical training is the act of moving different parts of the body. We
should perform physical training daily. It makes our body strong,
fit and healthy. In physical training, we count upto 16. Let us warm
up and perform physical training as follows:

1. PT No. 1: Exercise of the hands

28.1

2. PT No. 2: Exercise of the hands and legs

28.2

3. PT No. 3: Exercise of the shoulders

28.3

4. PT No. 4: Exercise of the hands and chest

28.4
192 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

Fig. Fig. Fig.5. PT for the hand and waist

28.5

6. PT for the backbone and waist

28.6

7. PT for the heel of the foot

28.7

Exercise

1. What is physical training?
2. Why should we do physical training?
3. Study the given pictures and write down the PT No. in the box.

ab

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 193

Drill unit

29

Weighting Distribution (Approximate)
Teaching periods : 6 Marks (in %): 9

Learning Objectives

After completing the study of this unit, students will be able
to:

(i) introduce drill.
(ii) perform different types of drill.
(iii) explain the importance of drill.

Word Power

drill attention stand-at-ease rest
raise command
queue alert palm straight

touch swing

Teaching Instructions

ó Introduce drill to the students.
ó Encourage every student to take part in drill.
ó Explain the advantages of drill.
ó Give clear instructions to students before they perform drill.
ó Find a proper place for performing drill.
ó Evaluate the students on the basis of their performance in drill.

194 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

Drill

Drill is an easy and simple physical exercise. It helps in the physical
development of the body. Drill includes attention, stand-at-ease,
stand-at-rest, standing in a queue and walking in a queue. Let us
enjoy drill as given below:

1. Attention

The state of alert in a drill is called

attention. In this position, we should

not move and talk. When we get the

command to be in attention, we raise

our left leg about half a feet up and then Fig. Fig. Fig.

keep close to the right leg. Our hands

should be straight down with legs. 29.1

2. Stand-at-ease

In this command, we should lift our left
leg up and then place about half feet
apart from the right leg. Both hands
should be kept at the back of our body
placing right palm on the left.

29.2

3. Stand-at-rest

In this command, we take a rest for a

while. It is done as stand-at-ease but

hands are kept straight on the sides. Let

us perform stand-at-rest as shown in the

figure. 29.3

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 195

Fig.4. Standing in a queue
Fig.
In this command, we stand in straight
lines keeping equal distance among
friends.

29.4

5. Walking in a queue

In this command, we walk in a
straight line (in a queue) without
touching one another's body.
We should keep equal distance
among the friends and swing our
hands while walking in a queue.

29.5

Exercise

1. What is drill?
2. Write one advantage of drill.
3. Write any three commands of drill.
4. Study the given figures and write down the position of drill.

a. b. c.

196 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

Simple Games unit

30

Weighting Distribution (Approximate)
Teaching periods : 2 Marks (in %): 3

Learning Objectives

After completing the study of this unit, students will be able to:
(i) introduce simple games.
(ii) play simple games with friends.

Word Power

rules touching catching chasing

running outside inside direction

chaser winner

Teaching Instructions

ó Introduce some simple games to the students. Explain the rules of
those games.

ó Encourage the students to take part in the games.
ó Find a proper place and arrange materials required for the game.
ó Warm up the students before playing the games.
ó Evaluate the students on the basis of their performance in simple

games.

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 197

Simple Games Fig. Fig.

The games which are easy to play are called simple games. These
games have simple rules. These games require less materials and
can be played in small ground. Simple games are played in various
ways like running, touching, catching, chasing, etc. Let us enjoy
some simple games like (Jodi Lakhetai or Pair chasing) and Majhiko
Jaal (Fisher man's net).

1. Jodi Lakhetai (Pair chasing)

The chasing game which is
played by making pairs is called
Jodi lakhetai. An area is marked
to play this game. It is payed
by making pairs. In this game,
players form pairs by holding
hands. One pair becomes the
chaser and remaining pairs
become runners while playing 30.1
this game.

When the signal is received, the chaser group chases and tries
to touch the runners. Those pairs who are touched by the chaser
group also become the chaser. The pair who remains untouched till
last becomes the winner.

2. Majhiko Jaal (Fisherman's net)

To play this game, students form
a net by holding hands together.
First of all two friends make a
net by catching hands and start
touching other players.

30.2
198 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3

The players who get touched also join the net and try to touch other
players. The player who remains untouched till last becomes the
winner.

Exercise

1. What are simple games?
2. Name any two simple games that are played in your locality.
3. How is "Jodi Lakhetai" played? Describe in brief.
4. How is "Majhiko Jaal" played? Describe in brief.
5. Study the given figures and name the simple games.

a. b.

GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3 199

Local Games unit

31

Weighting Distribution (Approximate)
Teaching periods : 4 Marks (in %): 6

Learning Objectives

After completing the study of this unit, students will be able to:
(i) introduce local games.
(ii) play local games.

Word Power

local locality ghwaikasa gotta
pebble lakku
chungi dandi biyo winner groove

popular baghchal

Teaching Instructions

ó Introduce local games to the students and explain the rules of those
games.

ó Select the suitable place and materials required to play the game.
ó Encourage students to take part in the games.
ó Instruct them to be careful while playing local games.
ó Evaluate the students on the basis of their performance in local games.

200 GREEN Science Health and Physical Education Book-3