Shubharambha Computer book 5 layout for ctp 2074

All inputs and outputs are transmitted through the main
memory.

Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU)

An arithmetic-logic unit (ALU) is the part of a computer CPU that
carries out arithmetic and logical operations according to the
given instructions. In some processors, the ALU is divided into
two units, an arithmetic unit (AU) and a logic unit (LU). The ALU
has direct input and output access to the processor controller,
main memory and input/output devices. The function of ALU is
to perform the arithmetic and logical operation on the data.

Quick Learn!

Operation Description
Take Input
The process of entering data and instructions
into the computer system.

Store Data Saving data and instructions so that they are
available for processing as and when required.

Processing Performing arithmetic, and logical operations
Data on data in order to convert them into useful
information.

The process of producing useful information
Output or results for the user, such as a printed report
Information or visual display.

Control the Directs the manner and sequence in which all
work flow of the above operations are performed.

Computer System 49

Oral Evaluation

yy What makes a complete computer system?
yy Tell about the input devices.
yy Name any four input devices.
yy What are the three sections of the CPU?
yy What are the functions of the memory unit?

Output Unit

This unit is mainly responsible to display the result (meaningful
information).The output devices are the hardware which display
the result after processing then store it to the secondary memory.
An output device can receive data from another device, but it
cannot send data to another device. Examples of an output device
is a monitor, projector, and speakers, which can receive data
(output) from the computer, but they cannot send information
(input) to the computer.

Examples of output devices: Monitor, Printer, Plotter,
speaker etc.
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Storage Unit

Storage units are the
secondary Memory which
is also known as external
memory or non-volatile
memory. It is slower than
the main memory. It is
used for storing data/
information permanently.
CPU directly does not
access these memories; instead they are accessed through input-
output. The contents of secondary memories are first transferred
to the main memory, and then the CPU can access it. A storage
device is essential to work with the computer system. Storage
devices are one of the core components of any computing device.
Examples of storage devices: Hard disk, floppy disk, compact
disk(CD) , Digital Video Disk (DVD), Pen drive, memory card etc.
Characteristics of the Secondary Memory

It is magnetic and optical memory.
It is known as the backup memory.
It is a non-volatile memory.
Data is permanently stored even if the power is switched off.
It is used for storage of data in a computer.
It is slower than primary memory.

Computer System 51

Quick Learn!

¬¬ The entire input, process, output and storage unit must
work together to be a complete computer system.

¬¬ Computer  hardware  is the collection of physical
components that we can touch.

¬¬ We cannot touch or feel computer software.
¬¬ Software is a set of instructions for a computer to perform

specific operations.
¬¬ The function of the memory unit is to store all the data

and the instructions required for processing.
¬¬ An  output  device can receive data from another device,

but it cannot send data to another device
¬¬ Thesecondarystorageisusedforstoringdata/information

permanently.

Oral Evaluation

yy What is an output unit?
yy Name any four output devices.
yy What is the use of a storage unit?
yy Name any four storage devices.
yy What is the full form of CD and DVD?
yy Tell any four characteristics of the secondary memory.

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Let's Revise

áá The combination of input unit, processing unit, output
unit and storage unit makes a complete computer system.

áá A computer system is also made up of the computer
hardware and software

áá A hardware is the physical components of computer and
a software is a set of instructions given to the computer
to perform a common task.

áá The input devices are used to give raw data or instructions
to the computer system for processing.

áá An input device is a hardware or peripheral device used
to send data to a computer.

áá The central Processing Unit is the brain or heart of the
computer which does all the processing activities in the
computer system.

áá The CPU consists of three units. They are control unit,
memory unit and arithmetic logic unit.

áá The memory unit stores data to be processed, programs
to be executed and information to be output.

áá Anarithmetic-logicunit(ALU)isthepartofacomputer CPU
that carries out arithmetic and logic operations.

áá The output unit is mainly responsible to display the result
(meaningful information).

áá The storage unit are used to store data and programs
permanently for the future use.

áá Storage devices are the core components of any
computing device.

áá Storage units are the secondary Memory which are also
known as external memory or non-volatile memory.

áá The secondary memory is slower than the main memory.

Computer System 53

Evaluation Time

1. Choose the best answer from the given alternatives.

a. Which of the following elements is essential in the
computer system?

i. Hardware & Software

ii. Printer iii. Monitor

b. W hich of the following is an input hardware?

i. CPU ii. Keyboard iii. Hard Disk

c. W hich of the following is the unit of CPU?

i. Memory disk iii. Processing device
iii. Arithmetic Logic Unit
d. Which of the following is the primary storage?

i. RAM ii. Pen Drive iii. CD

e. Which of the following is an output unit?

i. Monitor ii. Mouse iii. CPU

f. Which of the following is a storage hardware?

i. Hard Disk ii. Monitor iii. Printer

g. Which memory is used to store data permanently?

i. Primary Memory ii. Secondary Memory

iii. Volatile Memory

h. Which device is used to display the softcopy output?

i. Printer ii. Monitor iii. Scanner

i. Which of the following is a non-volatile memory?

i. Hard Disk ii. ROM iii. Scanner

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2. Write True for correct and False for the wrong one.

a. The entire input, process, output and storage unit must
work together to be a complete computer system.

b. A computer system consists of the two major elements:
hardware and hard disk.

c. The computer hardware is the collection of computer
software.

d. We cannot touch or feel computer hardware.

e. Software is a set of instructions for a computer to perform
specific operations.

f. The output devices are used to give raw data or
instructions to the computer system for processing.

g. A storage device is a hardware or peripheral device used
to input data to a computer.

h. The control unit is a typical component of the CPU that
implements the microprocessor instruction set.

i. The memory unit stores data to be processed, programs
to be executed and information to be output.

j. An arithmetic-logic unit (ALU) is the part of a
computer CPU that carries out arithmetic and logic
operations according to the given instructions.

k. The output Unit is mainly responsible to display the
result (meaningful information).

l. A storage Unit is the primary Memory which is also
known as non-volatile memory.

Computer System 55

3. Fill in the blanks with suitable word.

a. A computer system is also made up of the computer
……………. and software

b. ……………… is the physical components of computer and
software is a set of instructions given to the computer to
perform a common task.

c. …………………are used to give raw data or instructions to
the computer system for processing.

d. An input device allows the users to ………………….. and
feed instructions and data.

e. The ……………………. unit is the brain or heart of the
computer which does all the processing activities in the
computer system.

f. The CPU consists of three units. They are control unit,
………………… and arithmetic logic unit.

g. An ………………… is the part of a computer CPU that
carries out arithmetic and logic operations.

h. The …………………… is mainly responsible to display the
result (meaningful information).

i. The ………………. units are used to store data and programs
permanently for the future use.

j. The …………………. memory is slower than the main
memory.

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4. Write down the full form of the followings.
CD CDV CPU RAM ROM MU CU

5. Answer the given questions.
a. What makes a complete computer system?
b. What are the two major elements of the computer
system?
c. What is an input device? Write its examples.
d. What are the three sections of the CPU?
e. Write down the functions of a memory unit?
f. What is an output unit? Name a few output devices.
g. What are the storage devices? Name any four storage
devices.
h. Write any four characteristics of the storage unit.
i. Write down the meaning of the given terms.
i. Store data
ii. Processing data
iii. Output
iv. ALU
v. Memory Unit

Project Work

Draw a well labeled block diagram of the computer system.

Computer System 57

Unit 5 Computer
Hardware

Expected Competency
At the end of this unit, students will be able to,
¬¬ describe the computer hardware.
¬¬ explain about various input and output hardware.
¬¬ tell about various storage hardware.
¬¬ explain about the function of different keyboard keys.

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Introduction

Hardware are the physical components of a computer system
which we can touch and feel. All the input, output, processing
and storage devices are the computer hardware which must
work together to function properly. Computer hardware is the
collection of physical parts of a computer system which includes
the computer case, monitor, keyboard, and mouse. It also includes
all the parts inside the computer case, such as the hard disk drive,
motherboard, video card, and many others.

In this unit, we are going to discuss about all the input, output
and storage hardware.

Input Hardware

Keyboard

A keyboard is the most common input
device that allows the user to input
alphabets, numbers and other
characters. The keyboard looks
like a traditional typewriter. The
data and instructions are input by
typing on the keyboard. The message
typed on the keyboard reaches to
the memory unit of a computer. It’s connected to a computer with
a cable. It has alphabet and numeral keys; it has other function
keys for performing different functions.

Keys Description

Typing These keys include the letter keys (A-Z) and digit
Keys keys (0 - 9) which generally give the same layout as
that of typewriters.

Computer Hardware 59

It is used to enter the numeric data or cursor
Numeric movement. Generally, it consists of a set of 17 keys
Keypad that are laid out in the same configuration used by

most adding machines and calculators.

Function The twelve function keys (F1 …….F12) are present
Keys on the keyboard which are arranged in a row at the
top of the keyboard. Each function key has a unique

meaning and is used for some specific purpose.

Control These keys provide cursor and screen control. It
keys includes four directional arrow keys. Control keys
also include Home, End, Insert, Delete, Page Up, Page

Down, Control(Ctrl), Alternate(Alt), Escape(Esc).

Special Keyboard also contains some special purpose keys
Purpose such as Enter, Shift, Caps Lock, Num Lock, Space

Keys bar, Tab, and Print Screen.

Mouse

The mouse is a small handheld device
used to point to a particular place
on the screen and select in order to
perform one or more actions. It is also
called a pointing device. The mouse
is rolled over the mouse pad, which
controls the movement of the cursor on the screen. We can click,
double click or drag the mouse for the functioning. Most of the
traditional mouse have a ball below them, which rotates when the
mouse in moved. Nowadays, laser and optical mouse are popular
rather than a mouse having a ball.

60 New Gateway to Computer Science 5

Light Pen

A light pen is a pointing device similar to
a pen. It is used to select a displayed menu
item or draw pictures on the monitor
screen. It consists of a photocell and an
optical system placed in a small tube.

When the tip of a light pen is moved over the monitor screen and
the pen button is pressed, its photocell sensing element detects the
screen location and sends the corresponding signal to the CPU.

Scanner

A scanner is an input device, which works
like a photocopy machine. It is used when
some information is available on paper
and it is to be transferred to the hard disk
of the computer for further manipulation.

A scanner captures images from the source which are then converted
into a digital form that can be stored on the disk. The images
displayed after scanning can be edited before they are printed.

Quick Learn!

¬¬ The mouse is also called pointing device.
¬¬ We can click, double click or drag the mouse for the

functioning.
¬¬ The light pen is a pointing device similar to a pen.
¬¬ The scanner is an input device, which works like a

photocopy machine.
¬¬ The images displayed after scanning can be edited before

they are printed.

Computer Hardware 61

Oral Evaluation

yy Name any four input hardware.
yy Name any five keys of a keyboard.
yy Tell about the mouse.
yy For what purpose is the scanner used?
yy Name any six special keys.

Output Hardware

Monitor

Monitor is called soft copy output unit because the output
displayed by the monitor is changeable. We can easily edit or
modify the output of monitor. There are three types of monitor
which we are going to discuss below.
Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)

These are big, heavy and use a lot of
desk space and electricity. It is the oldest
technology used by monitors and is
based on the cathode ray tube technology
which was developed for the television.
Monitors are made with better parts
which give a higher display resolution
and picture sharpness than a television. Nowadays, this type of
monitor is not much popular.

62 New Gateway to Computer Science 5

Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

It is the most commonly used flat panel
monitor. It is a newer technology than
CRT. LCD monitors use much less
desk space, are lightweight and use
less electricity than CRT. They have
been used for many years in the screens
of laptop and notebook computers. They
also work as touch screens in tablet computers, mobile phones,
and other handheld technologies.

Light Emitting Diode (LED)

An  LED  Monitor or LED display is an
LCD Monitor that uses  light emitting
diodes  for back lighting. The first
LCD Monitors used  cold cathode
fluorescent lamps  instead of LEDs to
illuminate the screen. It has a very short
depth and is light in terms of weight.
An LED display panel can be either a small display or part of a
larger display. LED diodes are used in order to make up an LED
display. 

Printer

A printer is called hard copy output unit because the output
displayed by the printer is not changeable. We cannot edit or
modify the output of printer. The printer always displays the
output on the paper. Printers are generally divided into two types
and they are Impact and non-impact.

Computer Hardware 63

Impact Printers

Impact printers print the characters by
striking them on the ribbon, which is then
pressed on the paper. Dot matrix, Daisy
wheel, drum, etc. are the examples of im-
pact printers.

Characteristics of Impact Printers:

Impact printers create the characters by striking the paper.
These printers print on most types of paper.
It is possible to print in multiple (carbon) copies at once
These printers are slow in speed.
These printers produce more sound so they are noisy.

Non-Impact Printer

Non-impact printers print the characters
without using the ribbon. These printers
print a complete page at a time, thus they
are also called as Page Printers. The exam-
ples of non-impact printers are laser printer
and ink jet printer

Characteristics of Non-impact Printers

These printers are faster than impact printers.
Non-impact printers produce less noise than impact

printers.
It produces high quality output.
It supports many fonts and different character size.

64 New Gateway to Computer Science 5

Speaker

A computer speaker is a hardware device
that connects to a computer to produce
sound. The signal used to produce the
sound that comes from a computer
speaker is created by the computer's
sound card. Speakers can be built in with
the motherboard or comes as a separate part. It connects with
the computer speaker with a cable. The built in speakers can be
heard through a headphone.

Storage Hardware

Hard Disk

Hard disk is a popular storage device for
the entire computer that a computer uses
to store information. It stores the programs
that you install on your computer. It
also stores your data files (which include
documents of all kinds, graphics and audio and video files, etc.)
and organizes them in folders or directories. The computer is a
large file cabinet with many drawers and folders in which you can
place the documents and programs.

Pen Drive

It is one of the popular and widely used
secondary storage media which can store
large volume of data. The pen drive is much
popular because it is easy to carry and

Computer Hardware 65

handle. It can store the data in the term of GB. It is also called as
a removable disk.

Difference between Hard disk and Pen drive

Hard Disk Pen drive

It is expensive. It is cheap.

It is not easily available in the It is easily available in the

market. market.

It has a large storage capacity It has a less storage capacity
measured in term of Tera Byte. measured in term of Giga Byte.

It is difficult to carry. It is very easy to carry.

Internal hard disk is difficult Pen drive is very easy to add

to add and remove from the and remove from the computer

computer system. system.

Oral Evaluation

yy Why is monitor called the soft copy output?
yy What are the three types of monitors?
yy Tell the full forms of CRT and LCD.
yy Why is the printer called hard copy output?
yy Tell any two characteristics of the impact printer.
yy What is a speaker?
yy Tell about the hard disk and the pen drive.

66 New Gateway to Computer Science 5

Let's Revise

áá The computer hardware is the collection of physical parts
of a computer system.

áá The keyboard is the most common input device that allows
the user to input alphabets, numbers and other characters.

áá The mouse is a small handheld device used to point to
particular items.

áá A light pen is a pointing device similar to a pen.
áá The light pen is used to select a displayed menu item or

draw pictures on the monitor screen.
áá A scanner is an input device, which works like a photocopy

machine.
áá The monitor is called the soft copy output unit because

the output displayed by the monitor is changeable.
áá We can easily edit or modify the output of monitor.
áá Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) is the most commonly used

flat panel monitor.
áá The printer is called hard copy output unit because the

output displayed by it is not changeable.
áá Printers are generally divided into two types and they

are Impact and non-impact.
áá The impact printers print the characters by striking them

on the ribbon, which is then pressed on the paper.
áá Dot matrix, Daisy wheel, drum, etc. are the popular

impact printers.
áá The non-impact printers print the characters without

using the ribbon.
áá A computer speaker is a hardware device that connects

to a computer to produce sound.
áá The pen Drive is a portable storage device.

Computer Hardware 67

Evaluation Time

1. Write down the name of input hardware from the
given list.

Mouse Keyboard Monitor Printer
Light Pen Scanner Hard Disk Joystick

2. Write down the name of output hardware from
the given list.

Monitor Printer Keyboard
Mouse Light pen Speaker

3. Write down the name of storage hardware from
the given list.

Hard Disk Pen Drive Monitor CPU
Printer Joystick
Memory Card Compact Disk

4. Write True for correct and False for the wrong one.

a. The computer hardware is the collection of physical
parts of a computer system.

b. The keyboard looks like a traditional typewriter.

c. The data and instructions are input by using the output
unit.

d. The keyboard is a small handheld device used to point to
a particular item.

e. The keyboard is also called pointing device.

f. The light pen is a pointing device similar to a hard disk.

68 New Gateway to Computer Science 5

g. The images displayed after scanning cannot be edited.

h. The monitor is called soft copy output unit

i. The cathode Ray Tube (CRT)monitors are very smaller
than LCD monitor.

j. The liquid Crystal Display (LCD) is the most commonly
used flat panel monitor.

k. The printer is called a soft copy output unit because the
output displayed by the printer is not changeable.

l. The impact printers print the characters by striking them
on the ribbon.

m. Dot matrix, Daisy wheel, drum, etc. are the examples of
nonimpact printers.

n. A computer speaker is a hardware device that connects
to a computer to produce sound.

o. Hard disk and Pen drive are storage Hardware.

5. Fill in the blanks with suitable word.

a. The computer hardware is the collection of …………………..
parts of a computer system.

b. ………………….. is the most common input device that
allows the user to input alphabets, numbers and other
characters.

c. The mouse is a small ……………………. device used to point
to particular items.

d. The light pen is a ………………….. device similar to a pen.

e. The ………………….. is an input device, which works like a
photocopy machine.

Computer Hardware 69

f. The monitor is called …………… copy output unit because
the output displayed by the monitor is changeable.

g. The printer is called …………. copy output unit because
the output displayed by the printer is not changeable.

h. ……………….. are generally divided into two types and
they are Impact and non-impact.

i. Dot matrix, Daisy wheel, drum etc. are the popular
…………………….. printers.

j. The ……………… printers print the characters without
using the ribbon.

6. Answer the given questions.

a. What is the computer hardware? Write with some
examples.

b. Write few lines about keyboard.
c. Name any six special keys found in most of the keyboards.
d. What is a computer mouse? Explain in short.
e. Define the light pen and scanner.
f. What is the monitor? Name the three types of monitor.
g. What is the printer? Define the impact printer.
h. Write any three characteristics of the impact printer.
i. Write any three characteristics of the non-impact printer.
j. Define the hard disk and the pen drive in short.

Project Work

Draw a well labeled diagram of the hardware devices of your
school's computer lab.

70 New Gateway to Computer Science 5

Unit 7 Software of
computer

Expected Competency
At the end of this unit, students will be able to,
¬¬ define the computer software
¬¬ explain about the types of software.
¬¬ describe about system software and application software.
¬¬ tell about the types of application software.

Software of computer 71

Introduction

Software is a basic tool of the computer hardware without which
computer hardware can do nothing. Software is a set of programs,
which is designed to perform a well-defined function. Software
is an interface between the user and computer which creates a
working environment for the user. Software tells the computer
what to do and how to solve the problems.

Types of software

There are two types of computer software which we are going to
discuss in this unit.

System Software

Application Software

System Software

The system software is a
collection of programs designed
to operate, control, and the
processing activities of the
computer. The software that
controls and directs the operation
of the computer hardware is called a system software. The system
software is the collection of programs written for computer,
which allows the user to run and develop the program. The main
job of system software is to make computer ready to work and
allows the user to work with the other computer programs. Some
examples of system software are Operating System, Compilers,
Interpreter, Assemblers, etc.

The system software is a type of computer software that controls
the operation of the computer. It provides the basic functions for
computer usage and helps to run the computer hardware.

72 New Gateway to Computer Science 5

Features of the system software

Close to the system
Fast in speed
Difficult to design and understand
Smaller in size and difficult to manipulate
System software are written in low-level language

Types of system software

Operating system software

Operating system software is
a group of computer programs
that controls and coordinates all
the activities among computer
hardware devices. The operating
system software controls the
overall activities of the computer.
This is the most important type of
system software in a computer. A user can’t run an application
program on the computer without the Operating System. Almost
all devices contain Operating systems even in mobile phones.
DOS, UNIX, Windows, iOS, Android, etc. are the examples of
operating system.

Quick Learn!

¬¬ Android and iOS are the popular operating system used in
mobile phone. Android is popular on various smart phone
like Samsung, carbon, colours, huwai, etc. iOS is popular
only in apple phones (i-phone) .

Software of computer 73

Functions of an operating system

An operating system manages processing unit, primary
memory, virtual memory, secondary storage devices,
input&output devices, and other computer devices.

An operating system helps to run one program or many
programs within a computer system at the same time.

An operating system contains file management programs.
An operating system allows the users to interact with a

computer.

Utility Software

This is a system software designed to
help, analyse, configure, optimise or
maintain a computer. The software
which helps the users to manage
files & folders, check the viruses,
and keep the PC always healthy is
called utility software. These are also the software tools which
help to the users while preparing programs. Scan disk, language
processor, defragmentation, antivirus programs, etc. are the
examples of utility software.

Application Software

We can use application software in our computer after having
an operating system. Application software is software that
is designed for the specific task written in a specific language.
Application software acts as an interface between the user and
the system software. It allows the user to perform the specific
task. Let’s discuss some features of an application software.

74 New Gateway to Computer Science 5

Oral Evaluation

yy Tell about system software.
yy Tell the features of system software.
yy Tell about operating system.
yy What ate the functions of an operating system?
yy What is a utility software?
yy Tell about the application software.

Features of the application software

It is close to the user and easy to design.
It is more interactive.
It is written in high-level language so easy to understand.
Easy to manipulate and use.
It is bigger in size and requires large storage space.

Types of application software

Packaged Software

Packaged software is that software
which is generalized set of programs
designed and developed for the
general purpose. It is a set of pre-
writing programs targeted to many
users. Microsoft  Office is packaged
software, which includes multiple software programs such as
Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word, and PowerPoint. Video and
audio editing software, Adobe Photoshop, page maker, InDesign,
etc. are package software.

Software of computer 75

Tailored or Custom Software

Tailored software is that software that is specially
designed and developed to solve a specific job
or task. Accounting software, supermarket
billing system, result processing software,
hospital software, etc. are the examples of
tailored software. Tailored or custom software
are developed to fulfil the requirement of the
individuals, organizations or others. Swastika, tally, school plus,
etc. are popularly used as a custom software in our country.

Do you know Mobile Operating System?
As you know that Linux, Unix and Windows operating system are
used to control the desktop or laptop computer. Like this, a mobile
is also controlled by the operating system. A mobile operating
system is called a mobile OS. It is an operating system that is
specifically designed to run on mobile devices such as mobile
phones, smart phones, PDAs, tablet computers and other
handheld devices. The mobile operating system is the software
platform on top of which the other application programs can
run on mobile devices. ios, Android, Symbian, palm, etc. are the
popular mobile operating system.

Oral Evaluation

yy Tell any four features of an application software.
yy Tell the types of the application software.
yy What is a packaged software?
yy What is a tailored software?
yy Name any three custom software.

76 New Gateway to Computer Science 5

Let's Revise

áá A software is a set of program designed to perform a
well-defined task.

áá A software creates an interface between the user and the
computer.

áá There are two types of computer software. They are
system software and application software.

áá The system software is a collection of programs designed to
operate, control, and the processing activities of the computer.

áá The software that controls and directs the operation of
the computer hardware is called the system software.

áá A utility Software is designed to help, analyse, configure,
optimise or maintain a computer.

áá We can use application software in our computer after
having an operating system.

áá An application software is software that is designed for
the specific task written in a specific language.

áá The packaged software is that software which is
generalized set of programs designed and developed for
the general purpose.

áá The microsoft Office is packaged software, which includes
multiple software programs such as word, excel and
PowerPoint.

áá The tailored software is that software that is specially
designed and developed to solve a specific task.

áá Accounting software, supermarket billing system, result
processing software, hospital software, etc. are the
examples of tailored software.

áá Android and iOS are the popular mobile operating
system software.

Software of computer 77

Evaluation Time

1. Choose the best answer from the given alternatives.

a. Which of the following is related to a software?

i. Computer parts ii. Computer programs

iii. Output devices

b. Which of the following is an operating system?

i. Windows ii. Photoshop iii. Office

c. Which of the following is needed to work with a hardware?

i. System software ii. Application software

iii. Packaged software

d. Which of the following is popular operating system of a
mobile?

i. UNIX ii. DOS iii. Android

e. Which of the following is a packaged software?

i. Windows 8 ii. Adobe Photoshop iii. Windows 7

f. Which of the following is a utility software?

i. Ms-Word ii. Antivirus program iii. PowerPoint

g. What is the function of an operating system?

i. To control computer hardware

ii. To control computer software

iii. Both of the above

h. Which of the following is a tailored software?

i. School and College software

ii. Antivirus software

iii. Windows software

78 New Gateway to Computer Science 5

2. Write True for correct and False for the wrong one.

a. A software tells the computer what to do and how to
solve the problems.

b. The application software is a collection of programs
designed to operate, control, and the processing activities
of the computer.

c. An operating system is a group of computer programs.
d. Without the system software a user can run an application

program.
e. A system software is designed to help, analyse, configure,

optimise or maintain a computer.
f. We can use the application software in our computer

after having an operating system.
g. The package software is that software which is generalized

set of programs designed and developed for the general
purpose.
h. The microsoft Office is Operating system software.
i. The tailored software is that software that is specially
designed and developed to solve a specific job or task.

3. Fill in the blanks with suitable word.

a. …………………….. is a set of program designed to perform
a well-defined task.

b. There are two types of computer software. They are
system software and ……………………….. software.

c. ……………………. software is designed to help, analyse,
configure, optimise or maintain a computer.

d. We can use the application software in our computer
after having an…………………… system.

e. The……………………….softwareissoftwarethatisdesigned
for the specific task written in a specific language.

Software of computer 79

f. The ……………………….. software is that software which is
generalized set of programs designed and developed for
the general purpose.

g. The microsoft Office is ……………………. Software.
h. The …………………software is that software that is specially

designed and developed to solve a specific job or task.
i. Accounting software, supermarket billing system, result

processing software, hospital software, etc. are the
examples of ……………………. software.
j. Android and iOS are the popular …………….. operating
system software.

2. Answer the given questions.

a. What is a computer software? Write down the types of
the software.

b. What is a system software? Write any two features of the
system software.

c. Define an operating system. Mention any two functions.
d. What is a utility software? Name any four utility tools.
e. Define the application software with its any two features.
f. Write down the types of application software.
g. Write a few lines about the tailored software.
h. Why is tailored software developed?

Project Work

Enlist the hardware devices of your school computer lab
and the list of software that you use in your school.

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Unit 8 Working with
paint brush

Expected Competency
At the end of this unit, students will be able to,
¬¬ tell how to save, open and create a new file.
¬¬ print the documents.
¬¬ learn to work with view tab, drawing shapes and colour.

Working with paint brush 81

Introduction

Microsoft Paintisasimple graphic package which allows preparing
various types of drawing. The paint program is available in each
version of windows. It is a drawing tool that can use to create
simple or elaborate drawings. These drawings can be either black-
and-white or colourful. Drawings can be printed, used as desktop
background or pasted it into another document. The microsoft
Paint also allows you to open various picture formats. We can
also create, open, view, and edit .bmp, .jpg, .gif, .tiff and .png
format files.

Starting paint in window 8

Press windows key form the keyboard.
Type paint and click on paint in the search box as below.

Working with tab

After we open the paint program in windows 8,we can see various
tab like File, Home and view. In previous class, we discuss about
the home tab. Now, in this class we are going to discuss about file
and view tab.
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File tab

This tab has the various options like
New, Open , Save, Save as, Print , From
scanner or camera, Send in e-mail, set
as desktop background, Properties,
About Paint and exit options

Let’s discuss the function of each
option.

New: To start a new paint program.

Open: To view the existing file that is
already made.

Save: To store the file for future use.

Save as: To save a file with new name.

Print: To get the picture in paper as a
hard copy format.

From Scanner or camera: To get
the picture from scanner or camera.

Send in email: To send or compose
your file or picture to next person
using email address.

Set as desktop background: To place the picture on the
desktop background.

Properties: To display the detail information about the paint
file.

About paint: To get help about paint.

Exit: To quit from the paint program.

Working with paint brush 83

Saving the document.

You have to save the document after preparation so that you can
get it whenever you need. You can use the given steps to save the
documents:

Steps:

Click on the file tab.
Select the save option.
A window will appear as below.

Select the required location and type the name of the file on
the file name box.

Finally click on the save button to save your drawing/picture.

Opening the document

You can open your saved document whenever you need. You can
use the given steps to open a file in paint brush.

Steps:

Click on the file tab.
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Select the open option.
A window will appear as below.

Select the location where you have saved your paint
document.

Select the picture that you need to open.
Finally click on the open button to open or view your picture/

drawing.

Creating new document

We can create a new document in word pad with the help of given
steps.

Steps:

Click on the file tab.
Select the new option.
A new working screen will appear as below.

Working with paint brush 85

Printing the drawing

We can print the drawing that we have created in paint program.
We must have printer to print the documents. With the help of
given steps, we can print the paint file.

Steps:

Make sure that you have a printer and it is connected
properly with the computer system.

Be sure that you have loaded the papers on printer’s tray to
print.

Create a drawing in paint.
Click on the file tab from paint

windows.
Move your mouse on the print

option.
Another list of options will appear

at the right side.
Click on the print option.

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The following box will appear.

Select the name of the printer that you have installed on
your system.

Click on the Print button.
Now the printer will start to print the document.

Set as desktop background

You can set your drawing or picture as a desktop background
picture. When you open the computer, each time, you can see the
picture as your desktop image.

Steps:

Create a drawing or painting in
paint brush and save it.

Click on the file tab.
Move your mouse on the Set as

desktop background option.
A list of sample will appear as given

on the right side.
Working with paint brush 87

Select any one option to make appear in the desktop. (Fill ,
Tile or Centre)

Now, your picture will appear in the desktop background as
below.

Properties

It is used to check the status of the pictures such as last saved
date and time, Size on disk, Resolution, Units, Colours, Width
and Height of the image, etc.

Steps:

Create a drawing.
Click on the file tab.
Select the properties.
Now you can check

the properties of the
pictures.
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Exit from paint program

You can use this option to quit from the paint
program.

Steps:

Click on the file tab.
Click on the exit from the options.
Now, the paint program will close.

Working with View Tab

This tab has the various options. We can use this tab to work with
zoom, show or hide and display group.

Zoom group

Zoom in :It is the way of changing the viewing size of picture in
large format.
Zoom out : It is the way of changing the viewing size of the
picture in small format.
100%: It is the fix value of viewing the size of an image.

Steps to zoom in

Create an image.
Click on the view tab.
Move the mouse on the zoom

group and click on the Zoom
in.

Working with paint brush 89

The viewing size of the image will be larger.

Steps to zoom out

Create an image.
Click on the view tab.
Move the mouse on the zoom

group and click on the Zoom out.
The viewing size of the image will

be smaller.
When you make the viewing size of image either larger or smaller,
you can click on 100% option in zoom group so that you will see
the actual size of your image again.

Show or hide group

This option helps to show or hide the ruler, grid
lines and status bar.

To show:
Steps:

Click on the Rulers check box option to display the scale of
the screen.

Ruler check box

Scale



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Click on the Gridlines check box to fill the gridline on the
screen.

Gridlines checkbox

Gridlines
Click on the Status bar check box to display the position of

your cursor.

Status bar

To hide:

Click on the Rulers check box (remove the tick sign) to hide
the scale of the screen.

Click on the Gridlines check box (remove the tick sign) to
hide the gridline on the screen.

Click on the Status bar check box (remove the tick sign) to
hide the status bar.
Working with paint brush 91

Full screen

This option is used to view the picture
in full screen mode. In this mode you
cannot see any tab and editing tools.

Steps

Create a drawing.
Click on the view tab.
Now move the mouse on the display group.
Click on the Full Screen button.
Now, you can see the picture in full screen mode as below.

Working with shapes

You can draw various shapes
with the help of different
shape styles. The different
shapes available in the
paint are shown in the given
picture.

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Drawing the shapes

Select the required shape style from the shapes group.
Place your mouse on the working area of paint.
Click and drag the mouse on the working screen.
Release your mouse button to apply the shape.
(If you select an oval callout shape and drag the mouse on

the working screen. The picture looks like below.)

You can practice to draw the following shapes at your
school lab or home.

Working with paint brush 93

Filling colour on the shape

You can fill in various colours on the shape with the help of colour
box. To fill up the colour on the particular shape, you have to
make a closed drawing area. If the picture is not closed then your
colour may spoil on the whole screen.

Prepare a drawing with closed area.
Click on the fill with colour option from tool area.
Move the mouse inside the picture.
Press the left mouse button to fill the colour.

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Let's Revise

áá The microsoft Paint is a simple graphic package which
allows preparing various types of drawing.

áá The paint program is available in each version of windows.
áá The file tab has the various options like New, Open, Save,

Save as, Print, from scanner or camera, Send in e-mail,
set as desktop background.
áá The open command is used to view the existing file that is
already made.
áá The save as option allows the user to save a file with new
name.
áá After the creation of painting or drawing file, we can print
it with the help of a printer.
áá You can set your drawing or picture as a desktop
background. When you open the computer, each time,
you can see as your desktop image.
áá The properties is used to check the status of the pictures
such as last saved date and time, Size on disk, Resolution,
Units, Colours, Width and Height of the image.
áá We can use the view tab to work with zoom, show or hide
and display group.
áá Zoom in is the way of changing the viewing size of the
picture in large format.
áá While viewing the image in full screen mode, you cannot
see any tab and editing tools.
áá You can draw various shapes with the help of different
shape styles.

Working with paint brush 95

Evaluation Time

1. Choose the best answer from the given alternatives.

a. Which of the following option is available in file tab?

i. New ii. Print iii. Both

b. In which option can you click to save a file with a new
name?

i. Save as ii. Open iii. Print

c. To create a new file in paint program, we can go on:

i. File …..New ii. View…..New iii. Edit…..New
d. To print the document in a paint program, we can click on

i. File …..New ii. File…..Print iii. Home….Print
e. ............. is used to check the status of the picture.

i. View ii. Help iii. Properties

f. Which of the following is available in a zoom group?

i. Print ii. Save iii. Zoom out

g. To show the picture in full screen mode, we can go on

i. File ……display group
ii. Home ……display group
iii. View……display group
h. From which tab can you work with shapes?

i. File ii. Home iii. View

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2. Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

a. Paint is available in each version of ……………………..

b. The …………..command is used to view the existing file
that is already made.

c. The ……………….……. option allows the user to save a file
with a new name.

d. After the creation of painting or drawing file, we can
print it with the help of ………………..

e. You can set your drawing or picture as a ………………
When you open the computer, each time, you can see as
your desktop image.

f. The ………………..is used to check the status of the pictures
such as last saved date and time, Size on disk, etc.

g. You can use view tab to work with ……………….., show or
hide and display group.

h. ………………… is the way of changing the viewing size of
picture in large format.

i. While viewing the image in ………………….mode, you
cannot see any tab and editing tools.

3. Write down the steps to do the following tasks.

a. Saving the document.

b. Opening the documents.

c. Setting the background image.

d. Zoom out

e. To view picture in full screen mode.

Working with paint brush 97

4. Answer the given questions.
a. What is a paint brush program?
b. Name the options available in the file tab.(Any Six)
c. What are the proper steps to print the paint document?
d. What is a desktop background?
e. What is the use of properties?
f. What are the options available in a zoom group?
g. What is the use of the full screen mode?
Project Work
¬¬ Draw at least 10 shapes in the screen and colour them.
¬¬ Draw the picture of a kite.
¬¬ Use the pencil tool and draw some pictures.

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