JUJ 2016

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5. The Sense of Touch
like the feel of cool cotton sheets,
like being head butted in the nose,
A greasy stove
A character's cracked lips
A cold, sweaty handshake

IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS

IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS MEANINGS

To face the music To take the punishment or scolding

To live from hand to mouth To live in hardship

To sit on the fence To take no sides in a debate/ a quarrel

To be in the same boat To be in the same circumstances

In hot water In trouble

Have green fingers Good at gardening

Burn the midnight oil Study until late at night

Once in a blue moon Seldom

At the eleventh hour At the last minute

Bear in mind Remember

Turn over a new leaf To change for the better

To paint the town red To enjoy oneself

Raining cats and dogs Raining heavily

Keep an eye Look after

In high spirits Happy

Getting on my nerves Making me annoyed/irritated

Out of the blue Unexpectedly

Not my cup of tea Not to my liking

Eye catching Attractive

Around the corner Coming soon

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By hook or by crook By all means
To keep one’s fingers crossed To hope for the best
Keep your word Keep your promise
Where there’s a will, there’s a way When you are determined, you will succeed
Lend a hand Help
I am all ears I am listening
A close shave A narrow escape
Flying colours Good grades
To believe your ears To believe what you hear
Not kidding Not joking
Blow one’s trumpet To boast
Down to earth Humble/Honest
Caught red handed Caught in the act
In a twinkling of an eye Very quickly
Under the weather Slightly ill
Took to heart Be upset by
Bad blood Feeling of strong dislike
Throw in the towel Give up
Easier said than done Easier to talk about an idea than carry it out
Count me in Include me
Don’t lose heart Don’t be discouraged
Practice makes perfect You will be good if you do it often
Drive me up the wall Make me very angry
The early bird catches the worm Those who are early will benefit
Let the cat out of the bag Let a secret out
Black sheep Person who is an embarrassment
A white elephant Useless possession
Drop a line write
Put your mind to it Concentrate
A bookworm One who likes to read

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PHRASAL VERBS MEANINGS
Run into Meet
Put off Postponed
Call on Visit
Watch out Be careful
Close shave Narrow escape
Turn up Attend/Arrive
Look out Be careful
Look into Investigate
Get through Pass
Cut down Reduce
Look forward Expect with pleasure
Look after Take care of
Break/Broke into Enter/Entered by force
Break/Broke down Stop/Stopped because of a fault
Hold/Held up Delay/Delayed
Give up Stop trying
Rely on Depend on
Set Off Start the journey
Takes after Looks like/Behaves like
Come across Find by chance
Throw up Vomit
On and off Sometimes
Drop in Make a visit
Come up Happen
Passed away Died
Deal with Handle
Get over Recover
Carry on Continue

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Get along with 54
Running out
Put in Be friendly with
Map out Lacking
Get ready To spend time or energy/contribute
Look out Plan
Crash into Hurry
Look up to Look for/ Search
Make up Hit
Tag along Respect
Round up Compensate
Ages ago Accompany
Gather
Long ago

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TIPS FOR SPM CONTINUOUS WRITING
1. Write a story because your errors (grammar, spelling, sentence structures and so on) will
not be so glaring in a story compared to a factual/argumentative essay.
2. Always write about something real and close to you. It is easier than writing about
something fictional, which you have to create and imagine.
3. Combine description with narration and you will get a wonderful story (see the sample of
a narrative story ending with "We had never laughed so much in our lives").
4. Prepare a story in advance. Write a story about two pages length; do not write too long
because it will make the examiner spend longer time to read and mark your essay, which
is quite annoying. Ask your teacher to check the grammar and the sentence structure.
Then, memorize everything. Make sure that when you enter the exam hall, you have a
story in your mind. Do not go there empty-headed; you will waste a lot of your precious
time thinking of what to write on the spot. When you get the question paper, what you
have to do is to adjust and adapt the story in your head to the question. Usually the
question will ask you to write "a story beginning with..." or "a story ending with...”. So,
be smart and creative.
5. Be positive (think positively) about yourself because self- confidence is important in
writing a creative & interesting story.
6. Be bold to create a story based on personal experience or extensive reading (story books,
etc.) as it allows your brain to flow freely as ideas can pop up now& then (feel free to
express yourself or your thought). Jot it down quickly as the ideas pop up because our
minds can play tricks on us.
7. Be smart to evaluate the ideas that pop up in your brain & only choose those are relevant
to your story.
8. Be cautious about your sentences (simple, compound & complex) & to be safe, always
use simple sentence (weak), simple & compound (average), compound & complex
(good).
9. Be adventurous in creating your story either a real life story based on your personal
experience or a fictional story with some adjustments based on your extensive reading.
10. A good writer keeps the examiner guessing whether the story is real or just fiction.

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SAMPLE ESSAY
Beginning with "I could not sleep throughout that night..."
I could not sleep throughout that night. Not even a minute. It was just
because I might miss the ships or boat that passed by the island. I
was shivering in cold even it was just a gentle breeze. I thought to myself that
things would have been different if I did not take part in that vacation. Never Introduction
in my wildest dream that a spectacular vacation on a cruise ship at the
beginning turned out to be a nightmarish affair.
The day before was a joyous one. I embarked on a three-day vacation trip on
a cruise ship. The vacation was amazing. The scenic view
was splendid across the horizon of the sea as far as the eyes could see. The
sea water was crystal clear and the sky was amagnificent azure.
My blissful day did not stop there. The dusk thrilled me as I sat on a chair.
The sky gave its golden appeal and the Sun looked like it was sinking into Raising
the sea as night began to unfold. Then, the golden yellow background of the action
sky changed to twinkling stars. I was staggered to see the view of
the opulent God's magnum opus.
As the night grew older, something totally different started to appear up to
the sky. The sky was too dark. It darken so much as the glimmering stars
started to disappear. To my instinct, something bad would happen any time
soon, but I just could not figure it out. I went into my room and soon dived
into a deep slumber.
'RIIIINNNNGGGG!!!!!!'
"This is your captain speaking. Abandon the ship! This ship is about to sink!"
The loud ringing sound really woke me up from my comfort bed and I was
taken aback to hear the announcement. To my horror, the ship was in topsy-
turvy. High jinks enshrouded the air. Then I realised, there was a storm
happening outside. To myflummox, I dragged myself outside and saw people Climax
running higgledy-piggledy as they did not know what to do. As for me, the
only thing I could remember is that a huge wave came crushing upon the ship
and then everything seemed to darken.

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Streaks steaks of light awaken me found out that I was on a beach. At last I
thought that my misery had ended. But a little exploration did not bring much
hope. There was no one there. So, being an optimistic person, I built up a
settlement near the beach. I laid upon my leaves bedding. I wondered. Could
I survive? Did my family know that I loved them? For how long did I have to
wait?
Out of the blue, an abrupt siren was heard from afar.Swiftly, I arose from my Falling
leaves bedding and ran nearer to the beach. I shouted for my life while action
waving my hands up on the air.
"Help! I'm here! On the island! Help! Help! I'm here!"
Then, the siren became louder and louder. At the moment, I knew they had
noticed me. Unexpected, tears of joy started to drop from my eyes. Before I
even thought my life was over, now the door back to my life was widely
opened. By the moment I stepped into the rescue boat, I know that it was the Resolution
time for me to go home.

TASK: Rewrite the following essay.
Original essay:-
I stood straight and looked at the door. The house was white. The wooden beams and window
panes were black. It looked big from the outside. I had to make a decision to knock or to ring
the bell. I look at the garden. I thought about going back to my car and drove home. Home.
That was where I wanted to be; or should I enter the house? I sighed and walked to the side
where there was a bench by the garden. I could see that the woman in the family loved the
garden. The smell of white lilies calmed my mind. I sat on the bench, trying to prepare what I
would say if someone opened the door. I wished I did not find out where she was so that I would
not have sleepless night. I would not be thinking of why she left me, .

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Use better phrases to replace the original phrases that had been given:-
I stood ________________ and looked at ____________________________ door. The house
______________________________________________ the wooden beams and window panes.
It looked ___________________________ from the outside. I had to
_____________________to knock or press the bell. I ________________ the garden. I thought
about going back to my car and drove home. Home. That was where I wanted to be
________________________________________. I sighed and walked to the side where there
was a _________ bench by the _____________ garden. I could see that the woman in the family
loved the garden. The smell of white lilies _______________________________. I sat on the
________looking _________ bench, trying ______________ what I would say if someone was
to open the door. I wished I did not find out where she was so that I would not have three
_________________ nights thinking of why she left me, whether she ____________ or whether
I should be ______________.

REFERENCE
I stood motionless and looked at the solid, dark brown wooden door. The house was painted
white, and black on the wooden beams and window panes. It looked huge and expensive from
the outside. I had to make my mind up whether to knock or press the bell. I turned to face the
garden. I thought about going back to my car and drove home. Home. That was where I wanted
to be; or was it where I would be after I knocked the door? I sighed and walked to the side where
there was a wooden bench by the beautiful garden. I could see that the woman in the family
loved the garden. The smell of white lilies reminded me of the florist down the road on Sixteenth
Street. I sat on the sturdy looking wooden bench, trying to figure out what I would say if
someone was to open the door. I wished I did not find out where she was so that I would not
have three sleepless nights thinking of why she left me, whether she was looking for me or
whether I should be angry.

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DESCRIPTIVE ESSAY PRACTICE
My Best Friend
Introduction

Close friendships are hard to come by these days. In an ever changing world with____________
_______________________________________________________
______________________, it is hard to know who your true friends are. Fortunately, I found my
best pal early at the tender age of seven.
Body Paragraphs
We were both enrolled in the same class. Cathy and I got acquainted as both of us sat next to
each other. Cathy was_________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________Both pupils and teachers alike enjoyed
her company and liveliness. There was hardly ever a dull moment when she was around with her
funny quips and expressions.
Cathy was born with a silver spoon._____________________________________________
__________________Both her parents were very caring towards her because_____________,
__________________just like I. Cathy came to school each day with a perpetual smile. She was
a very nice person to be around with. She and I used to go everywhere together and both of us
were rarely seen apart. _________________________________________________, thoroughly
enjoying our time together.
One day, I went to school and forgot to ask my parents for lunch money. At first I was not
hungry and thought I could bear going without a meal but soon, my stomach began to growl.
Without asking, Cathy ____________________________________________________. The
incident revealed to me how lucky I was to have a ________________________________
friend.
Ending
As time went on, people started teasing us as we were spending more and more time forever. We
seemed to know what each other thought and __________________________________. Was I
in love with her? I did not know then but we both knew we were too young for all that emotional
roller coaster.

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• In this world, people striving to achieve their interpretation of preordained success.
• Cathy was a happy-go-lucky girl who always managed to breathe fresh air into the

sometimes arid classroom.
• She always knew what to say and would voice them at the best possible moments.
• Her father was a businessman and her mother owned and ran a boutique.
• She was the only child in the family, just like I.
• We used to talk about so many things as we walked.
• Cathy generously paid for my meals and drinks during recess.
• How lucky I was to have a caring and compassionate friend.
• My best friend generously paid for my meals and drinks during recess.
• She is caring and compassionate.
• We cared for each other deeply.

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DESCRIPTIVE ESSAY PRACTICE
My Dad My Hero
Opening
My Dad is my real hero because he is the most special person in my life. He is a very good
athlete & an artist. He is a Civil Engineer by profession. At weekends he loves to play with me
the whole day. During weekdays we work hard & spend maximum time working at his office. He
is amongst the top ranked employee of his company & has won many awards for the same. He
tries his best to keep our family happy. He works hard to make money for our
family._____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Body Paragraphs
He is very careful regarding what I eat. He always insists me to eat healthy stuff such as fruits
and vegetables that are rich in vitamins and minerals. He is an extremely loving Dad. I always
enjoy spending time with him and learn new things with him. He has taught me to swim. Till
date I have won many swimming championships. My Dad helps me in my studies too.
_______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Every day he takes out little time for me in the night to acknowledge my day to day activities &
problems if any. He is my best friend. I can discuss everything with him without any hesitation.
Things that I fail to reveal out to my close friends, I can easily discuss them with my Dad.
___________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Dad says that he started visiting the globe when he was a college student. According to him his
experience has helped him to broaden his horizons. This is the reason he started me quite early.
He wants me to experience the world because he believes that travelling is an education in itself.

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______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

Conclusion
Today I am just 16 years old and at this tender age Dad has taught me a lot of things that people
at the age of 20 fails to understand. He has taught me what life is all about. He has showed me
the way to achieve success. He has showed me the opportunities that exist in front of me.
________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

• He loves me a lot & always tries to cheer me up whenever I am in a sad mood.
• He has always taught me good values & not spoiling me by buying me all the things that I

wanted.
• But at the same time he has granted me many things that I always wish to have.
• My Dad has always tried his level best to make me a good human being, his only son.
• He does not allow me to take tuitions instead he personally sits with me to get my

problems solved.
• It is because of his grace I perform well in studies.
• My Dad is the most precious gift of God to me.
• He is a loving father and the most gracious person I have ever seen in my life. He wants

me to become a good human being like him.
• That is why he always teaches me to differentiate between wrong and right.
• Whenever I need his help, he is always available for me. He is my hero.

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• He is a funny, cool, adventurous and smart human being.
• He loves to travel and that is why we both always go to distant places (sometimes abroad)

on vacations.
• I love to travel too and that is why vacations are always awaited as far as its Dad’s

company. Apart from domestic cities till date we have travelled to San Francisco, Beijing,
Toronto, New York & Sydney.
• When I was at the age of ten, I took my first flight to Sydney.
• I have learnt a lot of things under my Dad’s guidance which education fails to teach.
• The most important lesson that Dad has taught me is to be discipline and hard working in
life. These two things are the key ingredients to achieve success in life.
• At the same time he has left the decision up to me in terms of which path to choose. He is
very confident that his efforts to make me a good human being will never go in vein.
• Seeing his confidence in me, some day, I want to make him proud. I thank God everyday
for giving me such a loving and caring father. I also wish to see him in good health for
the rest of my life.

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GRAMMAR

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TYPES OF SENTENCES

TYPE OF SENTENCES
1. Simple Sentences
2. Compound Sentences
3. Complex Sentences

Simple sentences – made up of : a subject, a verb and a complete idea.
Example:
1. I love drinking tea.
2. She goes to school every day.

Compound sentences – contain two simple sentences (independent clauses) that are joined by a
linker. For example, for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so.
Example :
1. I love drinking tea but my roommate prefers drinking coffee.
2. She goes to school every day with her friends.

Complex sentences - has an independent clause that is joined by one or more dependent clauses.
A complex sentence always has a subordinator such as since, after, or although or a relative
pronoun such as that, who, whom, whose, when or which.
Example:
1. When I wake up in the morning, I like to have a cup of coffee.
2. The boy who is wearing the blue shirt is my brother.

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CONNECTORS / CONJUNCTIONS FUNCTIONS
a) Nevertheless, However, On the other hand…
- To show contrast of ideas To join two opposing ideas
b) As well as, Besides, Both…and, Not only…but also
- To combine two ideas that are similar or related
c) In addition, Furthermore, Moreover
- To introduce new ideas or add extra information
d) In conclusion, In short, To summarize
- To conclude the story or the ideas presented

PASSIVE VOICE

Tense Active Passive

Simple Present Once a week, Tom cleans the house. Once a week, the house is cleaned by
Tom.

Present Right now, Sarah is writing the letter. Right now, the letter is being written by
Continuous Sarah.

Simple Past Sam repaired the car. The car was repaired by Sam.

Past The salesman was helping the The customer was being helped by the
Continuous
customer when the thief came into the salesman when the thief came into the

store. store.

Present Perfect Many tourists have visited that castle. That castle has been visited by many
tourists.

Present Perfect Recently, John has been doing the Recently, the work has been being
Continuous work. done by John.

Past Perfect George had repaired many cars Many cars had been repaired by
before he received his mechanic's George before he received his
license. mechanic's license.

Past Perfect Chef Jones had been preparing the The restaurant's fantastic dinners had
Continuous restaurant's fantastic dinners for two been being preparedby Chef Jones for
years before he moved to Paris. two years before he moved to Paris.

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Simple Future Someone will finish the work by 5:00 The work will be finished by 5:00 PM.
will PM.

Simple Future Sally is going to make a beautiful A beautiful dinner is going to be
made by Sally tonight.
be going to dinner tonight.

Future At 8:00 PM tonight, John will be At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes will be
Continuous washing the dishes. being washed by John.
will

Future At 8:00 PM tonight, John is going to At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes are
Continuous
be going to be washing the dishes. going to be being washedby John.

Future Perfect They will have completed the project The project will have been

will before the deadline. completed before the deadline.

Future Perfect They are going to have The project is going to have been
be going to completed the project before the completed before the deadline.
deadline.

Future Perfect The famous artist will have been The mural will have been being
Continuous painting the mural for over six painted by the famous artist for over six
will months by the time it is finished. months by the time it is finished.

Future Perfect The famous artist is going to have The mural is going to have been being
Continuous been painting the mural for over six painted by the famous artist for over six
be going to months by the time it is finished. months by the time it is finished.

Used to Jerry used to pay the bills. The bills used to be paid by Jerry.

Would Always My mother would always make the The pies would always be made by my
pies. mother.

Future in the I knew John would finish the work by I knew the work would be finished by
Past
Would 5:00 PM. 5:00 PM.

Future in the I thought Sally was going to make a I thought a beautiful dinner was going
Past beautiful dinner tonight. to be made by Sally tonight.
Was Going to

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TYPICAL ADJECTIVE ENDINGS INTO MULTIPLE ADJECTIVES SENTENCE
1. They live in a beautiful and luxurious house.
2. Lisa is wearing a modern and sleeveless shirt today.
3. She ride a new and shiny bicycle.
4. He writes popular and beautiful and imported award winning novels.
5. This shop is much nicer and friedlier
6. She wore a new and shiny watch..
7. Ben is an gentle and polite boy
8. Linda’s hair is long and gorgeous
9. This wooden floor is tough and durable
10. I met an honest and humble person in Kuala Lumpur

ADJECTIVES
ORDER OF ADJECTIVES
O – Opinion
S – Shape
A – Age
C – Colour
O – Origin
M – Material

EXAMPLES
1. I love that really big old green antique car that is always parked at the end of the street.

[quality – size – age – color – qualifier]
2. My sister has a beautiful big white bulldog. [quality – size – color]
3. A wonderful old Italian clock. [opinion – age – origin]
4. A big square blue box. [size – shape – color]
5. A disgusting pink plastic ornament. [opinion – color – material]
6. Some new slim designer trousers. [age – shape – origin]
7. My small new red sleeping bag. [size – age – color – purposee]
8. I bought a pair of black leather shoes. [color – material]

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COMPARING ADJECTIVE EXAMPLES
1. This house is bigger than that one.
2. This flower is more beautiful than that.
3. He is taller than Mr. Hans
4. He is more intelligent than this boy.
5. Johnny Deepley is the most handsome man on campus.
6. This is the prettiest dress in the window.
7. I lost my most comfortable shoes.
8. My job is worse than yours.

COMPOUND ADJECTIVES EXAMPLES
1. This is a four-foot table.
2. Rohani is a part-time worker.
3. This is an all-too-common error.
4. Beware of the green-eyed monster.
5. He is a cold-blooded man.
6. We saw a man-eating shark!
7. Matthew’s dog is well-behaved.
8. You have to be open-minded about things.

ADJECTIVAL PHRASE EXAMPLES
1. Nurlina is really clever.
2. The doctor is very late.
3. My sister is fond of animals.
4. I am happy to meet you.
5. The kids are ready to go.
6. Don’t be afraid of the dark.
7. Arif lost his dark brown briefcase.
8. He’s an extraordinary looking man.
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Here are some of the sample sentences students could write about the character...
His aftershave smells like sea breeze (smell)
His lips taste sweet like ripe fruit (taste)
He has a high-pitched laugh (sound)
His hair feels wiry (touch)

LIST OF ADJECTIVES ACCORDING TO WORD GROUPS.

Appearance adjectives • glamorous • quaint
• handsome • sparkling
• adorable • long • ugliest
• beautiful • magnificent • unsightly
• clean • old-fashioned • wide-eyed
• drab • plain
• elegant
• fancy

Color adjectives • greenish • grayish
• bluish • blackish
• reddish
• orangeish
• yellowish

Condition adjectives

• alive • gifted • rich
• better • helpful • shy
• careful • important • tender
• uninterested
• clever • inexpensive • vast
• wrong
• dead • mushy
• relieved
• easy • odd • silly
• famous • powerful • thankful
• victorious
Personality adjectives – Positive • witty
• zealous
• agreeable • happy
• brave • jolly
• calm • kind

• delightful • lively

• eager • nice

• faithful • obedient
• gentle • proud

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Personality adjectives – Negative

• angry • helpless • panicky
• bewildered • itchy • repulsive
• clumsy • jealous • scary
• defeated • lazy • thoughtless
• embarrassed • mysterious • uptight
• fierce • nervous • worried
• grumpy • obnoxious
• skinny
Shape adjectives • square
• steep
• broad • high • straight
• chubby • hollow
• crooked • low wide
• curved • narrow
• deep • round • scrawny
• flat • shallow • short
• small
Size adjectives • tall
• teeny
• big • large • teeny-tiny
• colossal • little • tiny
• fat • mammoth
• gigantic • massive • screeching
• great • miniature • thundering
• huge • petite • voiceless
• immense • puny • whispering

Sound adjectives • rapid
• short
• cooing • melodic • slow
• deafening • noisy • swift
• faint • purring • young
• hissing • quiet
• loud • raspy • sweet
• tart
Time adjectives • tasteless
• uneven
• ancient • long
• brief • modern
• early • old
• fast • old-fashioned
• late • quick

Taste/touch adjectives

• bitter • melted
• delicious • nutritious
• fresh • prickly
• greasy • rainy

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• juicy • rotten • weak
• hot • salty • wet
• icy • sticky • wooden
• loose • strong • yummy

Touch adjectives • crooked • filthy
• cuddly • flaky
• boiling • curly • fluffy
• breeze • damaged • freezing
• broken • damp • hot
• bumpy • dirty • warm
• chilly • dry • wet
• cold • dusty
• cool • sparse
• creepy • heavy • substantia
• light
Quantity adjectives • many PAST PARTICIPLE
• numerous become
• abundant bitten
• empty blown
• few broken
• full bought
brought
IRREGULAR VERBS PAST caught
PRESENT became chosen
become come
bite bit crept
blow blew dug
break broke done
buy bought drawn
bring brought drunk
catch caught
choose chose have/ has driven
come came dwelt
creep crept eaten
dig dug fallen
do did fed
draw drew felt
drink drank flown
drive drove
dwell dwelt
eat ate
fall fell
feed fed
feel felt
fly flew

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find found found
freeze froze frozen
got
get gave got
give went given
go grew gone
grow handwrote grown
handwrite hung handwritten
hang hid hung
hide held hidden
hold inlaid held
inlay inbred inlaid
inbreed interwove inbred
interweave kept interwoven
keep knelt kept
kneel knew knelt
know laid known
lay led laid
lead leapt led
leap left leapt
leave lost left
lose made lost
make meant made
mean met meant
meet mistook met
mistake outdid mistaken
outdo outshone outdone
outshine overtook outshone
overtake paid overtaken
pay rid paid
ride rang ridden
ring rose rung
rise ran risen
run said run
say saw said
see sold seen
sell shook sold
shake shone shaken
shine shot shone
shoot sang shot
sing sank sung
sink sped sunk
speed spoilt sped
spoil slept spoilt
sleep slept

© Hak Cipta Jawab Untuk Jaya (JUJ) Pahang 2016

steal 74 stolen
stink stank
swim stole swum
take stank taken
teach swam taught
tear took torn
tell taught told
think tore thought
throw told thrown
unbend thought unbent
undergo threw undergone
wake unbent woken
wear underwent worn
win woke won
write wore written
won
wrote

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE Singular noun + past participle
! To describe an action that has taken place.
! The exact time the action happened is unknown. (has)
! Is used with ‘already’, ‘yet’, ‘since’ and ‘for’ Plural noun + past participle (have)
! Ex:
- I have already told her the news.

- I have not told her the news yet.
- I have not seen Siti since last year.

- I have not seen Siti for ten years.

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

! Is used for an activity that started in the past and is continued to the present.

! Ex:

- She has been sleeping all morning. Singular noun + has + been + continuous

- I have been working the whole day. verb
! Is also used for ‘since’ and ‘for’ Plural noun + have + been + continuous verb

! Ex:

- I have been writing the letter for the whole afternoon.

- Ain has been crying since last night. Brian watched television.

(PAST PERFECT TENSE)

PAST PERFECT TENSE 1

! Is used for a past action that was completed before another action. Brian went to bed.

2 (SIMPLE PAST TENSE)

! The sentence is: Singular noun + had + past participle
- After Brian had watched television, he went to bed. Plural noun + had + past participle

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PRESENT PERFECT TENSE Singular noun + past participle
! To describe an action that has taken place. (has)
! The exact time the action happened is unknown. Plural noun + past participle (have)
! Is used with ‘already’, ‘yet’, ‘since’ and ‘for’
! Ex:

- I have already told her the news.
- I have not told her the news yet.

- I have not seen Siti since last year.
- I have not seen Siti for ten years.

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

! Is used for an activity that started in the past and is continued to the present.

! Ex:

- She has been sleeping all morning. Singular noun + has + been + continuous

- I have been working the whole day. verb
! Is also used for ‘since’ and ‘for’ Plural noun + have + been + continuous verb

! Ex:

- I have been writing the letter for the whole afternoon.

- Ain has been crying since last night.

PAST PERFECT TENSE Brian watched television.

1 (PAST PERFECT TENSE)

! Is used for a past action that was completed before another action.

2 Brian went to bed.
(SIMPLE PAST TENSE)

! The sentence is:
- After Brian had watched television, he went to bed.

Singular noun + had + past participle
Plural noun + had + past participle

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TYPE OF SENTENCES ……………
Practice 1
Identify the following sentences as simple (S), compound (C), complex (CX).
1. Since it was a holiday, we decided to go for a picnic at Teluk Cempedak.

2. You must be at the bus station before 4 pm. ……………

3. The pupil skipped classes for a week; consequently, he missed his English test. ………..

4. Anna was fond of carrots, but Dylan preferred cabbage. …………….

5. The girl who is standing next to me is my best friend. …………….

6. Mimi and Jaja have gone swimming at the old fishing hole near the mill. …………….

7. The men painted the wall yesterday. …………….

8. Everyone laughed, but Adam did not think the joke was funny. …………….

9. The book which I bought from the bookstore was missing. …………….

10. My father drove his car to the office every morning. …………….

Practice 1 6. C
1. CX 7. S
2. S 8. C
9. CX
3. C 10. S
4. C
5. CX

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Practice 2
Combine the following simple sentences to make compound or complex sentences.
1. Ali was late for work. His boss was very angry.

………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. I went to the show last night. I was robbed in the car park.

………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Her favourite flower was the carnation. She always wore it in her hair.

………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. My parents wanted me to study abroad. I decided to study in the local university.

………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. The king gave his daughter everything she wanted. The king loved her very much.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

Practice 2
1. Ali was late for work so his boss was very angry.
2. When I went to the show last night, I was robbed in the car park.
3. Her favourite flower was the Carnation which she always wore in her hair.
4. My parents wanted me to study abroad, however, I decided to study in the local

university.
5. The king gave his daughter everything she wanted because he loved her very much.

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PAST TENSE
Practice 1
Read the following passage and then fill in each of the numbered blanks with the past tense form
of the verb given in the bracket. (simple past, past continuous, passive form)

Hasimah woke up suddenly to find herself soaked to the skin. She (1)__________(jump) out of

her bed. To her horror her bedroom (2) _____________(be) filled with water reaching to her

knees. Just then her parents and younger brother (3)_____________(enter) her room. , urging her

to gather her important documents and items she could save, and then follow them out of their

house and (4)____________(move) to a higher ground. The electricity supply had been cut off

and it (5)_____________(be) dangerous to keep on staying in darkness. They could not do a

thing with only two torchlights left. Once they (6) ____________(be) out of the house they saw

that the entire neighbourhood was flooded. Most of the neighbours were already moving their

valuable possessions to a higher place. They (7) _____________(seem) unhappy and a bit tired.

Some of them (8)____________(be) transported in police boats especially children and the

elderly. Some men (9)_________ (hear) talking about the flood. They never (10)

____________(expect) it would be that bad this time around. They (11) ____________(not,

prepare) for it. However, they were still thankful as the authorities (12)____________(do) all

they could to help the flood victims.

Practice 1 7. seemed
1. jumped 8. were
2. was 9. were heard
10. expected
3. entered 11. were not prepared
4. moved 12. did
5. was
6. were

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Practice 2

Titanic had been proudly referred to as ‘the unsinkable’. Yet, on the morning of 15 April 1912,
she (1) __________ (go) down bringing with her 1513 out of 2224 passengers on board.
The Titanic, nearly 274 metres long and eleven decks high (2) ___________(leave) on 10 April
for New York, on her maiden voyage. The passengers on board (3) ___________(be) from all
levels of society including millionaires and the rich and famous. The upper deck (4)
_____________(occupy) by these groups while the lower decks (5) ____________(be) full with
emigrants.
On the fourth day of her voyage, she (6) ____________(hit) an iceberg which cut a 90- metre
slice in her full. Many of the passengers (7) ____________(be) unaware of the damage. The
cabins were soon (8)____________(flood) and at 12.05am, the Captain, Edward Smith, (9)
_______________(give) the order to launch the lifeboats. Unfortunately, there were only
eighteen lifeboats which (10)___________(not, be) enough to accommodate all the passengers.
The safety of the first class passengers (11) _____________(give) priority over the others. At
2.20a.m, the SS Titanic (12)____________(slid) down into her grave in the North-West Atlantic.

Practice 2 7. were
1. went 8. flooded
2. left 9. gave
3. were 10. were not
4. were occupied 11. was given
12. slid
5. were
6. hit

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Practice 3

When I (1)____________(return) to the common, the sun (2) __________(be) setting.
Scattered groups were (3) _____________( hurry) from the direction of Woking, and one or two
persons (4)_____________(return). The crowd about the pit had increased, and stood out black
against the lemon yellow of the sky, a couple of hundred people perhaps. There (5)
_________(be) raised voices, and some sort of struggle (6)____________(appear) to be going on
about the pit. Strange imaginings (7)__________(pass) through my mind. As I drew nearer I
heard Stent’s voice.

“Keep back! Keep back!”
A boy (8) ____________(come) running towards me.
“It’s moving”, he (9)___________(say) to me.
I (10) ____________(go) on to the crowd. There (11)___________(be) really, I should
think, two or three hundred people elbowing and jostling one another, the one or two ladies there
being by no means the least active.
The crowd swayed a little, and I (12) ____________(elbow) my way through. Everyone
seemed greatly excited. I heard a peculiar humming sound from the pit and saw a boy in the
corner of the room.

Practice 3 7. passed
1. returned 8. came
2. was 9. said
10. went
3. hurrying 11. were
4. were returning 12. elbowed
5. were
6. appeared

© Hak Cipta Jawab Untuk Jaya (JUJ) Pahang 2016

RATIONAL CLOZE

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1119/2
RATIONAL CLOZE

7 marks
TEXT 1 – People
Question 1-7 are based on the following passage. Choose the best answer to fill in each blank.

Shah Rukh Khan, King Khan or just SRK, as he is often referred to, has taken the North

Indian movie world or Bollywood by storm. Within just ___1___ decade he has become an icon

to millions of ____2___ all over India and the outside world, whenever there is sizeable Indian

population.___3___, no other movie star ____4___ the continent of India has ever ____5___ so

much fame in a short time.

Wherever he goes, girls go into frenzy when ____6____ see him, screaming, “Wow”, “I

Love You”, “Marry Me”. When King Khan comes into town for his concerts, awards functions

or even at the rare movie-shooting stints that he has in the country, there is absolute Shahrukh-

mania!

This superstar from the make-believe world of Indian cinema is so ____7___ that a wax

statue of the Khan was unveiled at Madam Tussauds in London last year.

( Adapted from MEP Vol 2 )

1. A. a C. from
B. an D. by
C. the
D. - 5. A. achieve
B. achieves
2. A. supporters C. achieving
B. fans D. achieved
C. crowd
D. people 6. A. they
B. we
3. A. In fact C. you
B. In addition D. he
C. Therefore
D. Nevertheless 7. A. brave
B. famous
4. A. to C. intelligent
B. between D. likeable

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TEXT 2 – Environment
Question 1-7 are based on the following passage. Choose the best answer to fill in each blank.

Cyclones are large revolving storms caused by winds blowing around a central area of

low atmospheric pressure caused by a process called convection.

They ___1___ over warm waters in the tropical regions of ____2___ oceans when sea

temperature is at least 27 degree Celsius down to a ____3___ of about 80 metres and the air in

the upper atmosphere is cold.

In Southern Hemisphere, cyclones blow in a clockwise direction while in the Northern

Hemisphere ____4___ blow in counter-clockwise motion.

The normal life cycle of a cyclone is about nine days but some have been ____5____ to

drag on for twenty days or more. Some take days to reach their peak strength while some

___6___ mature to their destructive power in less than 48 hours. Cyclones weaken ____7___ as

they move over land masses or over colder ocean waters. On losing their strength, they pass over

land as tropical storms. ( Adapted from MEP Vol 2 )

1. A. develop 5. A. know
B. develops B. knows
C. developed C. known
D. developing D. knowing

2. A. a 6. A. will
B.an B. must
C. the C .may
D. – D. have to

3. A. long 7. A. gradually
B. depth B. eventually
C. height C. slightly
D. weight D. rapidly

4. A. it
B. he
C. we
D. they

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TEXT 3 – Social Issue
Question 1-7 are based on the following passage. Choose the best answer to fill in each blank.

On 2nd June, 2012 as I was watching the CNN News, I was shocked to see the atrocities

inflicted upon poor girls and women from Bolivia who were brought to Argentina to work in the

sweatshops as bonded slaves. ____1____ poor women and children were subjected to

unbelievable harsh conditions. Seeing this happen ____2____ the 21st Century is a shame to

mankind. Slavery ____3____ but in a more fashionable manner called Modern Day Slavery-

Human Trafficking. The scenes that I saw on my television screen impacted me very much

____4____ prompted me to highlight the issue.

Most of us as ___5___ society, tend to deny the existence of modern day slavery and

claim that slavery was abolished roughly 150 years ago. It is _____6____ important to

acknowledge that slavery does exist in the ____7____ today and differentiate between historical

slavery and modern day slavery. ( Adapted from English essential Vol 18 )

1. A. This 5. A. a
B. That B. an
C. These C. the
D. Those D. -

2. A. on 6. A. therefore
B. in B. moreover
C. of C . in spite of
D. by D. besides

3. A. exist 7. A. region
B. exists B. nation
C. existed C. world
D. existing D.country

4. A. and
B. but
C. or
D. so

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TEXT 4 – Health
Question 1-7 are based on the following passage. Choose the best answer to fill in each blank.

Kidney failure and the need for dialysis treatment have been identified as very serious
problems in Malaysia. ____1____ number of patients requiring dialysis has increased
dramatically____2____ the past twenty years. More than 2500 people develop end-stage renal
failure every year. This is about 100 persons per million population per year and ___3___ year
by year.

Our kidneys are our body’s natural filter. As blood passes through the kidneys, the body’s
waste products and excess fluid in the body are removed. ____4___ waste product and excess
fluid are then sent through the ureters to the bladder and passed out of the body as urine.

Healthy kidneys also balance the chemicals in the blood, and produce hormones
____5____ control blood pressure and maintain healthy blood cells and bones. When ____6___
kidneys are healthy, they clean your blood ____7___ remove excess fluid in the form of urine.

( Adapted from MEP Vol.2 )

1 A. A 5 A. who
B. An B. whom
C. The C. which
D. - D. whose

2 A. over 6 A. my
B. into B. your
C. onto C. our
D. above D. their

3 A. increase 7 A. or
B. increases B. so
C. increased C. and
D. increasing D. but

4 A. This
B. That
C. These
D. Those

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TEXT 5 – Science & Technology
Question 1-7 are based on the following passage. Choose the best answer to fill in each blank.

Emily, a 30-year-old Economist, became so addicted to Candy Crush Saga, a free game

for Facebook, smartphones and other digital devices, that she would ___1___ awake at 1 a.m.

imagining her fingers swiping ___2____ the screen to line up rows for ____3___ coloured

lollies.

Three in a row ___4___ deliver a satisfying squelch as they burst and moved the

Australian mother-of-two closer to the next level. Candy Crush Saga is a simple game but the

hold it has over ___5___ devoted followers is complex and incredibly strong. They are

reminiscent of gamblers ___6___ cannot help but feed another twenty dollars into a poker, or

slot machine. For Emily the urge to play Candy Crush Saga was so strong that she would drive to

work in the morning and before getting out of the car would squeeze in a few games.

However, her low point had yet to come. Walking along, with her fingers swiping her

phone and her ____7____ fixated on the screen, Emily fell down a flight of stairs. A bruised hip

and smashed iPhone screen later, she went cold turkey and deleted Candy Crush Saga from her

phone.

( Adapted from Reader’s Digest Sept 2014 )

1. A. lie

B. lies 5. A. its

C. lied B. our

D. lying C. her

D. their

2. A. over

B. into 6. A. who

C. across B. that

D. above C. which

D. whom

3. A. clearly

B. brightly 7. A. gaze

C. dimly B. stare

D. vaguely C. look

D. glance

4. A. must

B. would

C. should

D. ought to

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87 5. D
6. A
Answers for Rational Cloze Practices 7. B

TEXT 1 5. C
1. A 6. C
2. B 7. D
3. A
4. C 5. A
6. A
TEXT 2 7. C
1. A
2. C 5. C
3. B 6. B
4. D 7. C

TEXT 3 5. A
1. C 6. A
2. B 7. A
3. B
4. A

TEXT 4
1. C
2. A
3. D
4. C

TEXT 5
1. A
2. C
3. B
4. B

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READING
COMPREHENSION

& SUMMARY

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1119/2

READING COMPREHENSION & SUMMARY WRITING

25 marks

50 minutes

Comprehension - 10 marks

Summary Writing:

• Content points - 10 marks

• Language - 5 marks

STYLE AND PRESENTATION DESCRIPTORS SUMMAR

MARKS PARAPHRASE MARKS PARAPHRASE

- a sustained attempt to - language is accurate

5 rephrase the text 5 - occasional errors

Excellent - expression is secure Excellent - sentence structure

- difficult phrases from varied

text may be substituted - marked ability to use

original complex syntax

- punctuation

- noticeable attempt to - language is almost

rephrase the text always accurate

4 - free from stretches of 4 - serious errors will be

Good lifting Good isolated

- expression is generally - some variation of

secure sentences

- punctuation accurate

- spelling largely accurate

- intelligent and selective - language largely

lifting but limited accurate

3 attempts to rephrase 3 - simple structures

Fair - expression may not Fair dominate

always be secure - serious errors not

frequent but noticeable

- spelling nearly always

accurate

- total lifting of text but - meaning is not in doubt

not a complete - serious errors more

2 transcript 2 frequent

Unsatisfactory - attempts to substitute Unsatisfactory - simple structures

but only for single accurate but not

words maintained

- irrelevant sections more - spelling accurate

frequent - some irrelevant parts

- more or less a transcript - heavy frequency of

1 of the text 1 errors

Poor - no originality Poor - hampers reading

- irrelevant sections - fractured syntax /

copied fragmented

Paraphrase =5

Use of English = 4.

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90

9 ÷ 2 = 4.5 = 5 marks

PASSAGE 1 – Social Issue

Questions 1 – 6 are based on the following passage.

1 It was Sunday afternoon and I was lazing around at home savouring 5
every bit of the weekend holiday. My growling stomach indicated that it was 10
way past lunch time but I could not seem to get myself off the couch. I became 15
ravenous with each passing minute and was forced out of my cocoon. 20
25
2 Though the weather was scorching hot, I gathered my courage to set out 30
in search of food. I decided to go to a nearby restaurant. The blazing hot sun 35
tempted me to drive but I aborted the idea as finding a parking space would be a
nightmare. So, I grabbed an umbrella and started walking.

3 The air was thick with humidity, causing me to sweat profusely and my
flimsy tissue shredded into pieces. When I was passing by a bus stop, I noticed
an elderly man looking my way longingly. I nodded and smiled at him out of
courtesy and moved on. All of a sudden, he put out a hand and stopped me. I
turned to him in astonishment and he asked: “Are you staying somewhere
around here?”

4 I was tempted to mutter a “yes” and walk away but my mind overruled it
as impolite. “My house is across the road and I am on my way to lunch,” I told
him. “What is the time now? My watch has stopped,” he said, pointing to his
wristwatch. Although I was getting impatient, I managed a smile and told him it
was three in the afternoon.

5 “I came here on an errand and am returning home. I have been waiting
for the bus for more than an hour but none showed up,” he said exasperatedly. I
really felt sorry for him because I had come across such situations before. The
buses plying the route did not stick to the schedule much to the annoyance of
the public. Until a year ago, I depended on public transport too and was very
much relieved when I could afford a car.

6 I asked him not to worry as the bus would come eventually. “But I am in
a rush. I am staying very far away and I have to take a couple of buses and the
Light Rail Transit (LRT) train before I could reach home,” he rambled on. The
awful weather and hunger took its toll on me and I butted in, “Yes, sir. I
understand your predicament but I can’t do much.” I regretted for making my
irritation visible but it was too late. Surprisingly, the man did not seem to take
offence.

7 To make amends for my terrible behaviour earlier, I asked him what he
wanted. He said in a measured tone, “I want to ask you a favour and hope that
you do not mind. Can you give me RM50 please? I am not feeling well and
can’t wait for the bus anymore. Moreover, this hot weather is unbearable. In
fact, I have asked a cab driver and he told that the charges would be more than
RM50. You know how unscrupulous the cabbies can be by refusing to use the
meter. I have spent all my money and am left with RM10.”

8 I took a quick scan of him from head to toe. He looked like he was in his
50s. His curly black hair was combed neatly In terms of dressing; he looked
decent in a short sleeved shirt and a pair of matching slacks. The sheen on his
black shoes he was wearing proved that they were new. In short, he did not look
like a needy or disadvantaged person.

9 He waited for my reply patiently as I was getting alarmed. Is he pulling

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91

a fast one and trying to fleece me? I have heard stories about how unsuspecting
people were conned when they acted on impulse. Finally, I decided not to part 40
with my money and told him that I did not have enough cash. But he did not
seem to give up. “Believe me, I am not cheating you, I am in dire need,” he
pleaded. “How would I know if you are telling me the truth? You could be
taking me for a ride to make a quick buck,” I told him unceremoniously and
turned on my heels, ignoring his request for help. Upon reaching the restaurant,
I ordered a plate of fried rice and iced lemon tea. I could barely finish half the 45
food as my appetite was lost. The thought of the man haunted me and I had no
choice but to ponder if I had done the right thing.
10 When I reached the bus stop, I was utterly shocked. There was a
commotion and a crowd had gathered. At closer inspection, I noticed the man in
distress being carried into a car which sped off. A good Samaritan had offered 50
to take him to the hospital. I asked an onlooker what had happened and he told
me that the man fainted while waiting for the bus and that he could not be
revived.
11 I froze in despair and headed home with a heavy heart. My eyes were
moist with tears and I kept blinking them away. I could have prevented his pain 55
and misery. I was judgemental and refused to see that there was more to it than
met the eye. Whoever he was, I prayed for his quick recovery.

Adapted from MEP Volume 04

1. From paragraph 2, why did the writer decide to walk instead of driving?

…………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]

2. From paragraph 4,
a) what made the writer stop to answer the man’s question?

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

b) where was the writer heading to?

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

3. From paragraph 6,
a) why did the writer interrupt the old man’s rambling?

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

b) the old man faced a dilemma. Which word in the text means ‘dilemma’?

……………………………………………………………………………………...
[1 mark]

c) give a reason why you think the old man did not seem to take offense of the
writer’s attitude.

.………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

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92

4. From paragraph 9,
a) what decision did the writer finally make towards the man’s request for money?
…….…………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
b) which sentence suggests that the writer felt guilty about ignoring his request for
help?
……..…………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

5. Would you give the RM50 to a roadside beggar? Provide two reasons to support your
answer.
Reason 1:………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
Reason 2:………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

6. Based on the passage given, write a summary on:
• the predicaments that the man had to face in order to go home, and
• what happened to him at the end
Credit will be given for use of own words but care must be taken not to change the original
meaning.
Your summary must:
• be in continuous writing form (not in note form)
• use materials from line 20 to line 61
• not to be longer than 130 words, including the 10 words given below.
Begin your summary as follows:
The man was there on an errand and was returning ……….

[15 marks]

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1119 © Hak Cipta Jawab Untuk Jaya (JUJ) Pahang 2016

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PASSAGE 2 - Environment

Questions 1 – 6 are based on the following passage. 5
10
1 Scrawny chickens and giggling children scatter as lady on a gleaming red 15
bicycle careens down a rutted track between the trees and shacks of a hillside 20
settlement near Buffelsdraai outside Verulem, some 30km north of Durban in 25
South Africa. 30
35
2 She stops in a spurt of red dust beside a neat cinder-block home, and
unbuckles a blue helmet to reveal the fading cornrow braids of a dignified
woman of 47. “I am a mother of 11 children and a grandmother of six,” says
Bongiwe Ntseoana, smiling shyly. “But I love to ride my bike! It keeps me fit;
it carries me to the shops and to the river for water.” Best of all, Bongiwe loves
the sense of achievement it gives her and what it signals to others in her
community. “When I ride it, it tells other women what they can achieve too!”
she beams.

3 Bongiwe’s life began to change when she joined the Buffelsdraai
Landfill Site Community Reforestation Project – and is now one of the most
successful members. The project began six years ago, in 2008 as a partnership
between Wildlands Conservation Trust, a non-profit organisation, and the
eThekwini (Durban) Municipality to turn 809ha of denuded land around the
Buffelsdraai landfill into a vibrant wetland forest and grassland ecosystem.
Wild-lands supplies seeds of indigenous trees and shrubs to volunteer “Tree-
preneurs” such as Bongiwe, who propagate them into saplings that they then
trade back for credits.

4 “I have now learnt to gather my own seed,” says Bongiwe with pride,
leading the way to the tree nursery she’s established beside her home. “I plant
them in containers that I make from old plastic bottles. My children and others
collect them, so our area is now much cleaner. We also recycle things such as
old sacks, rusted roofing and broken bed frames to make fencing to keep out the
chickens.”

5 When the saplings reach a height of 30cm, Wildlands buys the young
trees in exchange for point towards “livelihood support”, including sturdy
Qhubeka and Coca-Cola Buffalo bicycles assembled in Pietermaritzburg. This
is part of a joint programme by Wildlands and World Bicycle Relief to provide
people in rural areas with green transport. The bicycles are engineered
specifically for African terrain and load requirements. “For every 100 trees I
grow, I earn a bicycle,” explains Bongiwe, surveying her burgeoning saplings
with satisfaction. “I am growing bicycles”

6 Nondumiso Khumalo, the local project manager for Wildlands, explains
that the project fosters “education, independence and better health through a
cleaner, greener environment.” Wildlands also employs other community
members to plant the saplings and reforest the landfill. Besides, they also plant
them on denuded riverbanks, around barren community centres and in sun
bleached schoolyards.

7 During 2012, Wildlands and other Tree-preneurs from neighbouring
communities grew an astonishing 211, 966 trees and bartered them for bicycles
and other goods, such as building materials. More than 330, 000 trees have been

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planted at the landfill. “This has become a benchmark forest restoration project 40
for South Africa,” says Lauren Laing, Wildland’s communication manager. The 45
50
project is also currently securing carbon certification through Climate, 55
Community and Biodiversity (CCB) Standards – as part of a pledge made by 60

the eThekwini Municipality to support a carbon neutral 2010 FIFA World Cup.
“It’s a major achievement,” Lauren says.

8 But no-one has achieved quite as much as Bongiwe. In her time with
the project, she has personally grown more than 2400 trees, earning 24 bicycles.

“I get as excited as a child when they arrive, all shiny and wrapped in plastics,”
she confides, patting four that have just been delivered. “I sell most of them,

and they are assisting local children get to school and their parents get to work,
all without polluting the air. Some have been bought by migrant workers who

take them as far as Mozambique.”
9 The income has “changed our lives”, she says quietly. Bongiwe is

blind in one eye from a childhood accident. Until 2008 she supported her family
by growing what food she could in a communal garden several kilometres

away, while her husband, Joseph, worked as a plasterer. But then he joined the
swollen ranks of the community’s unemployed. “We have six children still

attending school and we struggled to buy uniforms, books, even shoes,” she
sighs. “That has changed. Our children are able to get an education.” After

school they take off their uniforms and help her fetch water from the river for
the trees. “They know they are growing their future.” Joseph too has found

“new-life”, he says, stroking his grey-peppered beard.
Adapted from Readers Digest 2013

1. From paragraph 1, where is Buffelsdraai situated?

…………………………………………………………………………………………..

[1 mark]
2. From paragraph 2, give two reasons why Bongiwe loves to ride her bike.

i) ………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

ii) ………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

3. a) From paragraph 3, what do the Tree-prenuers get in return for propagating the
seeds into saplings?

………………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark]
b) From paragraph 4, how does Bongiwe plant her seeds in her tree nursery?

……………………………………………………………………………………...
[1 mark]

c) From paragraph 5, give a reason why you think the bicycles are engineered
specifically for African terrain and load requirements.

.………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

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96

4. a) From paragraph 8, “I get as excited as a child when they arrive, all shiny and
wrapped in plastics, ”What does they refer to?

…………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

b) From paragraph 9, which phrase indicates that Bongiwe has physical disability?
…………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark]
5. In your own words, state one quality that Bongiwe has. Provide a reason to support

your own answer.
Quality: ……………………………………………………..............................[1 mark]
Reason:………………………………………………………………………...[1 mark]
6. Based on the passage given, write a summary on:
• The contributions of Wildlands Conservation Trust to the community of

Bufflesdraai
Credit will be given for use of own words but care must be taken not to change the original
meaning.
Your summary must:
• be in continuous writing form (not in note form)
• use materials from line 17 to line 50
• not to be longer than 130 words, including the 10 words given below.
Begin your summary as follows:
Wildlands Conservation Trust has contributed to Bufflesdraai community by supplying.…….

[15 marks]

1119 © Hak Cipta Jawab Untuk Jaya (JUJ) Pahang 2016

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PASSAGE 3 - People

Questions 1 - 6 are based on the following passage.

1 My son Zach was born with brain damage that occurred during his birth. 5
His brother Gerry – older by three minutes – is fine. Zach is now 24, but his 10
comprehension skills are roughly that of an eight – or nine-year-old. He can 15
read, but he doesn’t understand many of the sentences. He can’t add a hundred 20
plus a hundred, although he does know the result is “a lot”. I took him to see the 25
movie Spartacus when he was nine, and after a blood-flowing scene at a Roman 30
villa where Kirk Douglas single-handedly killed two million buffed-up soldiers 35
with a plastic knife, he turned to me and said, “Look, Dad! A pool!” He has
always loved the pools. Unfortunately, he can’t even differentiate similar
looking things.

2 As Zach grew out of childhood, I never knew how much he would
understand. While his vocabulary expanded rapidly, his knowledge of what
words meant did not keep pace. When I tried to explain something abstract, I
could sense him sifting through his hard drive with its millions of data points.
But the hard drive did not help him with concepts like preventive health
measures of racism. He knew who the US president was, but not Osama bin
Laden. He knew something terrible had happened on 9/11, but when the
anniversary came, he called to wish me a “Happy 9/11”.

3 Instead, our relationship had been largely predicated on games. He loved
goofy hypotheticals: What would happen if he did something I told him he
could not do. When I kissed him goodnight, he invariably asked me questions -
if there was a certain word or name he could not say after I turned out the lights.
“What can’t I say?”
“You can’t say Rick Lyman?”
“What happens if I say Rick Lyman?”
“I will have to come back upstairs.”

4 Dressed in his usual T-shirt and gym shorts, anticipating the tickling war
we referred to as cuddies, he began to giggle. I walked down the stairs and
waited at the second-floor landing. He was plotting strategy. “RICK !” Zach
screamed. (I waited for his predictable move.) “ Rick Lyman!!!!!!!!!”

5 I ran back upstairs and banged open the door. It was on. I threw pillows
at him. He threw pillows at me. I got a hold of him and tickled. He kicked me in
the head. I chased him around the room, became exhausted, and had to stop. He
seemed exhausted as well. I rolled the top sheet over him, kissed him
goodnight, and went back downstairs. From above I could hear a pulsating
drum getting louder and louder. “Rick Lyman… RICK LYMAN! … “RICK
LYMAN!!!”

6 He could have gone on forever. At any time. At any age. But when he
turned 21, after nearly 15 straight years of doing it, I decided it had to stop. I
was ambivalent about giving it up, but I could not stand it anymore. It only
reaffirmed our frozenness.

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99

“Zach, you’re 21 now. Not six. This is what six-year-olds do. I can’t do it 40
anymore.” 45
50
“Sorry, Dad.” 55
“There is nothing to be sorry about. You’re just too old. You’re 21. What

happens when you are 21?”
“You are not supposed to do things like that anymore.”

“That’s right. Do you understand why?”
“I’m 21. I’m too old for this now.”

7 I closed the door to his room. I stood outside, then burst back in. “Just
don’t say goodnight.” It was on again. I knew it was one of the things he loved

about being with me. I was scared of losing it. It is strange to love someone so
much who is still so fundamentally mysterious. Strange is a lousy word. It is the

most terrible pain of my life. As much as I try to engage Zach, I also run from
this challenge. I run out of guilt. I run because I was robbed, and I feel I was

robbed. I run because of my shame.
8 But whatever happens with Zach, I know I cannot think in terms of my

best interests, even if I think they are also in his best interests. Zach will be
where and who he will be. Because he needs to be. Because he wants to be.

Because as famed physician Oliver Sacks said, all children, whatever the
impairment, are propelled by the need to make themselves whole. They may not

get there, and they may need massive guidance, but they must forever try.
Adapted from Reader’s Digest September 2013

1. From paragraph 1,

a) what was wrong with Zach at birth?
……………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark]
b) what does “…pool” refer to?

……………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark]
2. From paragraph 3, why do you think Zach loves goofy hypotheticals?

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

3. From paragraph 6,
a) which word means hesitant?

…………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

b) why did Zach’s father decide to stop playing the game?

…………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

4. a) From paragraph 7, state two evidence which indicate Zach’s father’s frustration.

i) ………………………………………………………………………... [1 mark]

ii) ……………………………………………………………………….. [ 1 mark]

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b) From paragraph 8, what do all children need according to Oliver Sacks?
……………………………………………………………………………………...

[1 mark]
5. In your own opinion, what type of relationship did Zach have with his father?

Provide a reason to support your own answer.
Type of relationship: …………………………………………………..........[1 mark]
Reason:………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
6. Based on the passage given, write a summary on:
• Zach’s impairment
• ways Zach and his father bond with each other through games
Credit will be given for use of own words but care must be taken not to change the original
meaning.
Your summary must:
• be in continuous writing form (not in note form)
• use materials from line 4 to line 38
• not to be longer than 130 words, including the 10 words given below.
Begin your summary as follows:
24-year-old Zach was born with brain damage and he can’t……….

[15 marks]

1119 © Hak Cipta Jawab Untuk Jaya (JUJ) Pahang 2016