CHARUWAN NAKHONCHARUPONG TTitle of the work “Body Shapes” Technique Acrylic on canvas Size 40 x 50 cm. Concept The creative presentation with a synthesis of “Body Shapes” aims to present paintings which re ect various shapes in comparison with the body of a woman, which society or people most often de ne meaning and completeness from external appearance. The beauty of women's proportions has concave curves that are beautiful in di erent ways, so they are often compared in di erent ways. Most people tend to look at women's beauty from the outside. Stories about women's bodies are often perceived as constrained by social context, resulting in rigid norms of expression that ultimately overshadow the beauty of the body in various aspects. The creator therefore shows the beauty of women through the creation of works of art. CHAYAN POLASA Title of the work “Imagine a new species of life” Technique Digital Painting Size 100 x 70 cm. Concept Creative works of art " Imagine a new species of life " with social problems that occur in various events. The concept of art is re ected in 2D forms of creativity through the imagination of animals, creatures mixed with robot-like machines and human beings who control. whether it's an animal, a creature, small or large therefore creating a new breed of character with personality is a villain that causes problems for society through the editing process Create virtual images with Adobe Photoshop Technique of Digital Painting CHISA SUWANNAWIN Title of the work “The creation of colorful fabric patterns of the Hala - Bala forest” Technique Watercolour Hala Bala Forest printed by diamond satin fabric Size 90.5 x 72.5 cm . Concept The creation of colorful fabric patterns of the Hala - Bala forest or tropical southern region takes o the identity of the abundance of this forest . There are rare wildlife and hornbills are indicators of abundance . The fabric motifs are inspired by the beauty and vitality of the Hala - Bala forest creatures ' coexistence .
EKARAJ WORASAMUTPRAKARN Title of the work “The churning of the ocean of milk” Technique Watercolor Size 168 x 75 cm. Concept "The churning of the ocean of milk" is the egendof Hindu mythology that spread from India into Thailand. It is about deities and asuras that co-operate to create the nectar for immortal life. GOMESH KARNCHANAPAYAP Title of the work “In nite Knowledge” Technique Digital Art Size 63 x 90cm. Concept Through the use of virtual reality sculpting, 3d rendering, and creative exploration, this digital art explores the concept of the moment when Lord Buddha attains enlightenment. The vast knowledge gained during the moment of enlightenment is depicted in this artwork by stars and galaxies. The artist created the portrait of Lord Buddha using Adobe's Medium, a virtual reality sculpting software. Luxion Keyshot was used to render the model in a realistic approach. Finally, the 3D-produced image was transformed using Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) to convey the vastness of the knowledge received by Lord Buddha during enlightenment with stars and galaxies. As a result, an enthralling digital art piece on the subject of enlightenment in the silhouette of Lord Buddha has been created. JAKAPAN SURAPRASERT Title of the work “Klong Pakpid Bag” Technique Adobe Illustrator Size 42.0 x 59.4cm. Concept Bringing the identity of tie-dye fabric to write mud used in the design of sport bags for the community. DENPONG WONGSAROT Title of the work “Passion” Technique Oil and Acrylic on canvas Size 80 x 80 cm. Concept The creation of paintings that rely on symbols in metaphor. In the concept of passion as a major obstacle to living a happy life.
JINNTHISA SURAPRASERT, THANIT JUNGDAMRONGKIT Title of the work “Renovation of Yoga Flied School” Technique Sketch up render plug in enscape 3.3 Size 59.4 x 84.1cm. Concept Flied Yoga is one of the types of antigravity yoga exercises combining the science of yoga with Pilates and Dance. It is hung up on a hammock that stretched from a tall structure. Designing of the Flied Yoga school must take into account the structural aspect of the player's weight and a distance that is suitable for studying. In addition, the design must take into account other areas of related to learning and each useable area can be used conveniently. Flied Yoga School has moved to the new building which was originally a restaurant. The new building has to improve the structure and surface. Repairing water leaks including taking into account the safety of the structure and the selection of materials that are suitable for learning. The design concept focuses on loft style that using steel, aluminum frame and smart board wall. The arch shape and bright colors are blended together suiting the target group that are working women who love to exercise and take care of their health. Chandeliers were used to add a sense of femininity and blended with luxury. KAMOLWAN PATCHARAPORNPIPAT SARASUK Title of the work “Menswear Mangrove” Technique Cutting Size L Concept This menswear is made from mangrove bark tie-dye fabric with uniquely orange colored tones re ecting the gold color of Klong Pak Pid Community, Prachuabkirikhan Province. According to the process, I collected data on communities by interviewing them and used the appropriate sources of Fashion Trend (Spring/Summer 2022) to communicate important design decisions. KAMONSIRI WONGMUEK Title of the work “Pakhaoma : NaMuenSri” Technique Loincloth pattern Playing.Decorate with sports details Size 14 x 13.5 in. Concept The collection of fashion lifestyle products made from Na Muen Sri community’s hand-woven loincloths is to present the 2023 0ne of sports fashion color combination on loincloth fabric. The details of the products by cutting and playing with the loincloth weaving pattern, mixing with fashion materials to make community products more interesting in a casual sports style and look di erent from traditional community products.
KEETA ISRAN Title of the work “Tales from Ummi” Technique Sewing and threading with natural mixed materials. Size 50 x 50 cm. Concept The love bond between mother and me. The relationship of the birth of two daughters, the nurturing and nurturing of the mother's roles and duties, formed, formed in the artistic element. By re ecting the shape of the daughter's face, it is a fabric material made from natural banana bers. with techniques for sewing, patching, threading through capturing moments and memories It creates textures and traces. Representation through faces, shapes, eyes in the proportions of straight faces Beauty that changes with feelings. KIRATI SRISUCHAT Title of the work “Eye Robot “ Technique Amimation Size 10 x 10 cm. Concept In creating the visual expressions for robot waiters, researchers analyzed visually expressive human emotions and chose those that suited the robot's communication while maintaining a boyish, pleasant demeanor. The bright and friendly eyes of the robot waiter were. KITTIN DOLAPAGNIYOMKUL Title of the work “Memory across the river” Technique Camera: A7mkii + 24-70F4T, ISO 1000 24-70 F4 T* 1/60 Size 45 x 30 cm. Concept An image of the atmosphere on the river along with a man who came to capture memories from the other side, which allows for more diverse interpretations. It could be a hope that is waiting on the other side or a memory that has been seen. This is the intention that I want this picture to convey. KRIANGKRAI KONGKHANUN Title of the work “Cycles of life, chapter 5 the deep” Technique Mixed Size 23.5 x 33.72 cm. Concept Cycles of life series want to express the emotional state of everyday life, the link between the outside and the inside. The feeling of a constantly active mind that is related to the basic human emotion. Both positive and negative states often dominate the human spirit.
LIN ZHU Title of the work “From virtual reality to virtual realized-"Metaverse" and art with metaverse” Technique Photoshop / I llustrator Size 42.0 x 59.4 cm Concept The design of the work is a poster design that expresses the idea of metaverse and "meta-cosmology" of the art. For this "parallel world", people are full of expectations and doubts. Is it another peak of technological and commercial innovation in human society, or is it a dangerous road for human society to the brink of "collapse".The purpose is to attract new ideas, hoping to get more colleagues and friends to think and share. LUNG-CHI LIN Title of the work “Harmony and Simplicity” Technique Ready-Made objects, raw wood, second-hand auto parts, Material experimentations Size 42 x 59.4 cm. Concept The artwork concept was discovered through an inspirational and creative journey, which the artist visited Talad Noi, Bangkok in December 2021. The artist used ready-made objects, raw wood and second-hand auto parts to create sculptural works to bring a sense of harmony and simplicity in people’s lives. NALINA ANGASINHA Title of the work “Newsletter for Council of Deans of Architecture Schools of Thailand” Technique Procreate application Size 42 x 59.4 cm Concept Concept: Academic identity in the style of the Institute of Design.The newsletter size is A4. The modular grid is used for newsletter layout. The color shades of orange, white and gray are interchangeably used in column and background.
NAMON KHANTACHAWANA Title of the work “A Basket of Sri Trang Flowers ” Technique Sew, embroider / Na Muen Si Woven Cloth Size 90 x 60 cm. Concept The creation of art from Na Muen Si Woven Cloth, Trang Province, aims to create a new product prototype that is di erent from the existing product for the Na Muen Si Woven Cloth Community Enterprise Group, Na Yong District, Trang Province to use as a model. to reproduce and develop into new products by bringing the uniqueness and local things as inspiration in creating works. The creators sincerely hope that this work will be able to bene t the community. Increase sales and become a new option for buyers. NATHAKORN OURAIRAT Title of the work “In the Enchantment of Ancient Chinese” Technique Digital Paintting and Photographic Scanning Concept This creation was inspired by the art of paper cutting in China, known in Mandarin as Jiǎnzhǐ . Combined with Photographic Scanning technique inorder to present and re ecting the concept of Chinese cultural of beauty. NIPAT PANYAWANAN Title of the work “Re ection of human mind through vector illustration” Technique Adobe illustrator Size 102 x 144 cm. Concept Nowadays, social media plays a large role in human daily life, whether it is a factory to export products. Store business Online merchant Including using social media about everyday life, etc. Currently, there are many types of media. One media that is very popular today is Facebook. Social media is media that has been discussed both in terms of Bene ts and negative e ects For playing social media.
NOPANAN BALISEE Title of the work “Relationship of life” Technique Ceramic sculpture, Terracotta Clay, Temperature 1,100 degrees Size 50 x 60 x 60 cm. Concept Relationships that depend on di erent but peaceful coexistence. ORATHAYA SARAMART Title of the work “Decoding Thai Contemporary Art Styles” Technique AI (Adobe Illustrator Program) Size 29 x 29 cm. Concept This artwork is to communicate the remaining Thai identity to the present, and to present the innovation of Thai identity through the QR code as the digital tool by arranging the composition between 4 of Thai patterns of Prachamyam, Kanok, Phum Khao Bin and KraJang-Tra-Ooi. PACHARA WONGCHAIWAN Title of the work “Decrypting Esan Mural Paintings to Product Design” Technique Product & Graphic Design Size 15 x 22 cm. Concept Learning kit “Decrypting Esan Mural Paintings to Product Design” is the application of Isan cultural capital to design learning kits for youth. The youth can learn about folk art by Play&Learn theory and use identity of Esan Mural Paintings to design product or creative art by themselves. PANUPONG JONGCHARNSITTHO Title of the work “Nam Ton” Technique 1.Engraving Technique 2.Silver 92.5 % 3. Diamonds and Various Colored Gems Size Diameter 15 Concept A collection of silver accessories, compose of necklace, earring and bracelet. The form is inspired by “Nam Ton” which symbolizes the hospitality of “Lanna” northern Thai people and the decorative pattern on the ornament represents northern Thailand’s handicraft art which imply the veneration to Buddhism.
PANUWAT SANGIAM Title of the work “The Vengeance” Technique Digital Paint with Clip studio Size 29.7 x 42 cm. Concept Inspired by a good o cer who investigates incidents of human tra cking and realizes that the perpetrator is his own employer. He was assassinated in cold blood. But, by chance, he was aided by an enigmatic scientist. He was converted into a half-human being. That's the origin of The Vengeance. PATAMAS PINNUKUL Title of the work “Style of life” Technique Digital Painting Size 35 x 22 cm. Concept The value of all things in nature and the way of life, through the application of its physiological look of species of ora, everything in nature and the way of life and everything else, that naturally driven by the ecosystem with mechanism created to be a natural cycle that would lead to inspiration and that could also be the source of concepts beyond imagination with communicative complexity in order to tell the story of "Existence in the Natural Way of Life" through the Natural shapes from real images is a creation of a work of art applied to the digital painting PHIBOON MANGKORN Title of the work “Movement Images from Line and Color” Technique Acrylic on canvas Size 123.29 x 76.20 cm. Concept Work concept is "Motion is Beauty" to present the abstract painting through the content of Thai boxing and movement in an abstract way, and aims to stimulate viewer perceptions and imaginations for guessing the line, value of colors, redundancy, continuity, small and large, near and far.
PANUWAT SANGIAM Title of the work “Dimension of peaceful” Technique Watercolor on Paper Size 31 x 41cm. Concept Nature is an immense force that brings about beauty and consequent aesthetics concretely perceived by human in a variety of forms: trees, grasses, air, water, forests, mountains, sky, rivers, and land, just to name a few. Nature itself retains hidden yet profound and re ned beauty through ongoing reactions and processes. Wind and sunlight, as a part of such natural movement, in nitely progresses through time. Experienced physically, audibly, aurally, or even through smells, waves, colors, and inviting atmosphere, my impression is substantially enhanced. Eventually, it leads to a better understanding of interconnected rhythms and movements, juxtaposing with serenity, repeatedly in an eternal cycle of natural transformation. Accumulative experience then forcefully ignites inspiration and encouragement to research, experiment, analyze and portray ideas vividly, executed by a creative painting Watercolor process. PONLARIT SAMUTKALIN Title of the work “Experimental drama: the making of the play "Laboratory"” Technique Photoshop on paper Size 42 x 59.4 cm. Concept The best and most beautiful things in the world cannot be seen or even touched. They must be felt with the heart. PORNPIMON SAKDA CHADAPORN SRIRIN Title of the work “Tha Chalom : identity pattern” Technique Computer graphic Size 95 x 35 cm. Concept The purpose of this study was to nd the identity of Tha Chalom. Samut Sakhon Province to be used in the development and design to re ect the identity of art and culture This will enhance the image of Tha Chalom to be clear. Unity This is because the cultural diversity of this area has been blended into one. by studying the identity of Tha Chalom It starts with documentary research, interviews, photography, and then uses the results to analyze the identity as a guideline for design.
PORRAWAN DOUNGRAT Title of the work “Consciousness, Fear, and Space 1” Technique Mixed Media - Acrylics Color - Color Beads Size 60 X 60cm. Concept The series “ Consciousness, Fear and Space has a concept that conveys the fear of human beings that are hidden within the mind. It's a fear that has accumulated in the vast darkness for a long time. Beyond that fear, "consciousness" is the anchor of the mind, that can lead humans to overcome that fear beautifully. PRACHARAK WONGSRIKAEW Title of the work “The Monk” Technique Panning / Street Photo Size 3600 x 2400 Pixels Concept This photo shoot is intended to depict monks' daily lives during the current COVID-19 outbreak. The photographer used foreground compositions and motion shooting techniques to capture this shot. SRIDARA TIPIAN Title of the work “Spa & Thai Massage Design " Sathorn Spa”” Technique Auto Cad / Free Hand Sketch Size 42 x 59.4 cm. Concept The design of " Sathorn Spa " was inspired by the physical form of the body by bringing the identity of the 4 elements as a component of the composition , bringing the identity of earth , water , wind , re as part of the design . Emphasis on simple patterns gives a feeling of relaxation and calm , selection of materials gives the mood of nature . PRASHYA PIRATRAKUL Title of the work “The Memphis style art Na Muen Si loincloth” Technique Sewing with Na Muen Si loincloth Size Man Standard Size M Concept Design and develop menswear from the Na Muen Si loincloth fabric of Na Yong, Trang to be more fashionable and wearable in everyday life inspiration from Memphis style art
SIRIPA JANTABON Title of the work “Wish us luck” Technique Character Design and illustrator Size 45 x 36 cm. Concept The series wish us good luck It is a work that wants to show the point of courage to start. It's about moving on to explore an adventure from the same area that we have limited ourselves but want to go out and start over. SIRIDEJ. SIRISOMBOON Title of the work “Character Design for Voxel Games” Technique Voxel / mp4 video Size 1920 x 1080 pixel Concept This article aims to create a character suitable for use in Voxel, a game that has grown in popularity with the rise of pioneer video game players and most consumers today. Under the concept of a character inspired by 80's pop culture, a time when digital art was rst introduced in video games with rendering as pixel art due to the technological limitations of the time. Combined with the technology of modern video games that use 3D rendering with Voxel. The design has to rely on the principle of character design to be unique by using the principle of silhouette and shape design in each step together with the beauty of Voxel art which emphasizes simplicity but clarity. In this article we have a group of characters for Voxel, a robotic game based on the concept of space wars with di erent characteristics. Artwork will be created with Voxel Editor specially developed for creating Voxel art used in Voxel games to obtain a data le to be used in Voxel. SHIAN-HENG LEE Title of the work “Colour Lifeye of Cats: Montage to Imagery Record of Digital Arts” Technique Mixed media / Image creations Size 40 x 40 cm. Concept Photography is that “the only nature of photography is to take mental imagery as the records of reality.” In other words, when most people talk about mental imagery, it means “keeping the facts, phenomenon, the material itself, and real scenario.” On the other hand, mental imagery record is a portrayal of living culture.
SITTHIDHAM ROHITASUK Title of the work “Traces of Solitude” Technique Oil, Enamel and Acrylic on canvas Size 70 x 90 cm. Concept This work expressed emotion and trace of solitude, on the other aspect it had made the creator to review and to search into own state of mind. In addition, it was hoped that this work of arts would be like the door that could lead the viewers to the journey of searching their own state of minds which they were all passed the ‘Traces of solitude’ as well. SUPOJ SIRIRATCHANEEKORN Title of the work “Shadow of Image” Technique Acrylic crayon pencil on canvas Size 141 x 240 cm. Concept The work of Painting “Shadow of image” is just the Performance that is created for express those situation. The reality of life and the death go hand in hand like a re ection of life. Knowledges of life for a carefree and proper existences with wisdom. SUTTHASINEE SUWUTTHO Title of the work “Love is Eternity 3” Technique Painting and Installation Flipbook Size Oil on canvas: 100 x 100 cm, and Flipbook: 4 x 10 cm Concept This creative work presents the process of the drawing among young children. For 4 years, I have used my imagination in my presentation of visual art elements such as lines, colors, weight, shapes, and textures, to integrate stories into images. Hence, this creative endeavor combines my imagination of a mother’s emotions towards her child through creating an artwork that combines painting techniques and Flipbook from imagination in memory of happy love and relationship. SUWADEE PRADAB Title of the work “ “Elephants” Conservation in the current situation” Technique Batik paint, spray and drawing on cotton fabric Size 65 x 40 cm. Concept The number of elephant problems has decreased. near extinction therefore creating works of art on textiles to be a medium in calling for and expressing conservation e orts to keep elephants in society
TANAPORN NGAMJIT Title of the work “Break The Old World. Technique Digital Painting Size 32.5 x18 cm. Concept The old world of art work has been cracked o little by little until it appear the new world that can change all things to digital asset THANAPON JUNKASAIN Title of the work “Digital Painting from Murals in Ubosot of Wat Chomphu Wek (Mara)” Technique VDO media (5.50 minutes) Concept Video media “Digital Painting from Murals in Ubosot of Wat Chomphu Wek (Mara)” objectives to for the one choice for technique to preserve ancient murals of Thailand. Which I selected murals “Mara” by purposive sampling for used to as prototype images for creation with Digital Painting technique. By the main goal is to preserve as little touch as possible. THAMMASAK AUERAGSAKUL Title of the work “Kijima Ryokan (KATE)” Technique Traditional Japanese Painting Size 200 x 600 cm. Concept This collection of traditional Japanese paintings was produced as a prop for the Hollywood action thriller lm KATE (2021). The artworks were inspired by scenic ink paintings from the Momoyama period at Ryoanji Temple, which used both line drawings and tone painting. Although colors are used, black inks are used prominently in the artworks. Japanese art is distinctive in its simplicity and serenity, with its emphasis on shapes enhanced by the use of clean ink lines. Japanese art has always been entwined with Zen philosophy. Similar to Chinese ink paintings, the majority of Japanese ink paintings portray scenic scenes with natural shapes. Japanese ink paintings, on the other hand, do not depict as many details as their Chinese counterparts. THANIYA RAWICHAWAKORN Title of the work “The beauty of imperfection” Technique Raku ring and Coiling Material stoneware and earthenware clay Size 13.5 x 40 x 30 cm. Concept The artwork was based on the concept of “The beauty of imperfection”. The use of the word “imperfection” was portrayed in my artwork through the e ects of the Raku ring technique that caused the crack in the workpiece.
TIPPALUK KOMOLVANIJ Title of the work “BitBrain Cards Game” Technique Long Exposure Photography Size 6 x 9 cm. (100 cards) Concept The creation of this BitBrain Cards Game is developed from the Card Game S.C.A.M.P.E.R., create a new game. There are both online and on site versions. Change the way of playing. Adjust the rules. The purpose is to practice Divergent Thinking and Convergent Thinking. The graphic design is based on the concept of “Freedom is the sources of creativity”, photographed using long exposure technic, photographed through paper cut. Using a mobile application as a light source. Result of using this game, it was found that Students learn new perspectives from the others. The limitation of playing this game is playing online takes longer than playing on site. TUKSINA PIPITKUL Title of the work “Creating a Wearable for Metaverse” Technique Digital Art of 3D Design Video Mp4 File Size Video Mp4 File. 14.4 MB/ 00.47 seconds Concept A creation of Wearables for Metaverse aims to study and present the creation of digital art of 3D designs to be used in the Metaverse. Due to limitations of today technology, designing 3D objects in Metaverse must subject to various requirements set up by each Metaverse platform. The study found that designing an e ective wearable for Metaverse requires a principle of simplicity and economy as the basis for creative design. This is to control the structure and proportion of the art piece in accordance with various constraints. It has also been found that combining the art of 3D and 2D digital design will produce 3D creative results with both the beauty of an art work and compactness of the data les suitable for use in the Metaverse. UKRIT WANNAPHAPA Title of the work “The lungs of Bangkok” Technique Sculpture Size W200 x L200 x D200 cm. Concept The sculpture of “The Lungs of Bangkok” originates from the story of the moon rabbit and the golden lotus in various contexts, which come from people’s memories, used as inspiration for this design. This is the study of the context around Suan Luang Samyan to interpret and form the meaning by using representation of values and stories.
YU-PEI KUO Title of the work “Face Mask Brace Prototype Design by Recycled Materials “ Technique Handy knot / Recycled mask ropes Size 27 x 10 cm. Concept Based on the concern of pandemics, this project shows how motivates the designer to seek solutions and coping mechanisms by design. The research develops a sustainable mask brace prototype to improve the face tting problem and adapt the material and tools into a exible one capable of suiting local conditions and personal limitations by rationalizing recycling materials. WATCHARAPORN SRISUK Title of the work “Happiness on the cat star” Technique Acrylic on canvas Size 120 x 120 cm. Concept This art work it conveys a negative emotion of the traumatic events turned into semi-abstract painting by showing overlap tone of color and let it ow freely across the canvas. The outcome of technique determines its feasibility naturally without being in control. There was a little more details added cat’s shape outline to the some painted part to represent the idea that was once clear. VATCHARAPOL HONGTHONG Title of the work “The crazy twisted antagonists” Technique Digital painting Size 23386 X 8268 Pixels Concept Since the creators made the entertainment media characters with feelings, creative imagination, and contemporary ideas, they mainly created them with characteristics that powerfully attract attention from the audience. However, most of the topics in their story are harsh and include profanities. The provocative and violent events happening through the imaginary characters and their behavior are greatly in uencing the perception of children nowadays
ZONGKIAT PAVADEE Title of the work “Mine – Mask – Me” Technique Photography Size 50 x 90 cm. Concept This piece of work represents MY feelings towards the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and its remaining scars through the oating hygienic masks which are omnipresent in the lagoon, that was once an iconic mine as Phuket’s identity in the old days. YUTTANA BOONARCHATONG BENJAMAPORN SUTHIRAWUT Title of the work “ Thai Nation Creative Costume Design Mister Siam Surat Thani Province 2022” Technique Photoshop on Paper Size 42 x 59.4 cm. Concept Thai Nation Creative Costume Design “Mister Siam Surat Thani province 2022”. The study started from analyzing the data and creating characters thus incorporating other fabrics in designing, the result shown that if using the Silhouette shows a distinctive era of the dress, the combined design of using Thai fabric re ected the perfect combination of Eastern Arts, enhancing Thainess Identity. This is a characteristic analysis process that illustrates Thai Identity.
Thank you Council of Art and Design of Thailand Bunditpatanasilpa Institute Burapha University Dhurakij Pundit University Prince of Songkla University Pattani Campus Rajamangala University of Technology Rattanakosin Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts, Burapha University Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts, Dhurakij Pundit University Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts, Prince of Songkla University Pattani Campus Institute of Arts and Culture, Rajamangala University of Technology Rattanakosin Faculty of Music and Dramatic Arts, Bunditpatanasilpa Institute Faculty of Art Education, Bunditpatanasilpa Institute College of Dramatic Arts, Bunditpatanasilpa Institute Expert Evaluators, speakers, invited artists and conference and exhibition participants Executives, faculty members, institutional affiliates, and faculties