Fruits in Thailand

SANTOL

°√–∑âÕπ

Common name : Santol
Thai name : Kra-thon
Scientific name : Sandoricum koetjape Merr.
Syn. S. indicum Cav.
:

48 ë F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d

Varieties Preparation and eating
1. Cut the fruit lengthwise
Pui phai ª¬ÿ Ω“Ñ ¬
Shape : globular into 4 - 5 pieces.
Weight : 350-400 g 2. Peel the rind off.
Colour : yellowish brown skin; 3. Arrange them on a

white flesh plate.
Taste : sweet
Usage
E-la Õ’≈“à Eaten fresh.
Shape : globular Added in fruit salad.
Weight : 350-400 g Make a dessert, ice
Colour : brown skin; white flesh cream.
Taste : sweet
Nutrition
Thong-gum-ma-yee ∑Õß°”¡–À¬’Ë High potassium and
Shape : globular vitamin C
Weight : 350-400 g
Colour : light brown skin; Storage
2-3 weeks at 10-13 ÌC,
white flesh 90-95% RH
Taste : sweet
Season
Availability : May-July

49F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d ë

SAPODILLA

≈–¡¥ÿ

Common name : Sapodilla
Thai name : La-mut
Scientific name : Manilkara zapota (L.) van Royen
Syn. Achras sapota L.
:

50 ë F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d

Varieties Preparation and eating
1. Cut the fruit in
Kra-suay °√– «¬
Shape : pear lengthwise into 4 pieces.
Weight : 100 g 2. Peel and remove the
Colour : brown
Taste : sweet seed.
3. Arrange them on a plate.
Ma-kok ¡–°Õ°
Shape : ovate Usage
Weight : 100 g Eaten fresh.
Colour : brown Making juice.
Taste : sweet
Nutrition
High sodium and
phosphorus.

Storage
2-3 weeks at 10-13 ÌC,
90-95% RH

Season
Availability : December -
January

51F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d ë

STRAWBERRY

 µ√Õ‡∫Õ√’

Common name : Strawberry
Thai name : Strawberry
Scientific name : Fragaria spp.

52 ë F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d

Varieties Preparation and eating
1. Mix clean water with
Pharachatan 80
æ√–√“™∑“π 80 vegetable washing
Shape : heart shaped liquid or 5-10% salt
Weight : 12-15 g solution.
Colour : red 2. Dip fruit in solution
Taste : sweet and sour 30 minutes.
3. Arrange them on
No. 329 æ—π∏ÿå 329 basket.
Shape : ovate
Weight : 12-15 g Usage
Colour : red Eaten fresh.
Taste : sweet and sour Added in fruit salad.
Making juice.
Mix in ice cream.

Nutrition
High potassium and
vitamin C.

Storage
2-3 weeks at 10-13 CÌ ,
90-95% RH

Season
Availability : November -
March

53F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d ë

SUGER APPLE

πÕâ ¬Àπ“à

Common name : Sugar Apple
Thai name : Noina
Scientific name : Annona squamosa L.

54 ë F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d

Varieties Preparation and eating
1. The fruit is soft
Fai ΩÑ“¬
Shape : heart shaped fragrant when ripe.
Weight : 180 g 2. Break the fruit open
Colour : green skin, white flesh
Taste : sweet and fragrant with your hands.
3. Eat the flesh with a
Kang §√ßË—
Shape : heart shaped spoon, discarding the
Weight : 180 g seeds and skin.
Colour : purple skin, white flesh
Taste : sweet and fragrant Usage
Eaten fresh.
Phet Paak Chong ‡æ™√ª“°™Õà ß
Shape : heart shaped Nutrition
Weight : 180 g Good source of vitamins
Colour : golden yellow skin, C and B2.

white flesh Storage
Taste : sweet and fragrant 5-7 days at 12-15 ÌC,
90-95% RH
Nang Àπ—ß 2-3 days at ambient
Shape : heart shaped temperature
Weight : 180 g
Colour : green skin, white flesh Season
Taste : sweet and fragrant Availability : year round
Peak period : April-August

55F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d ë

SWEET ORANGE

 â¡‡ª≈◊Õ°µ¥‘

Common name : Sweet orange
Thai name : Som-tra
Scientific name : Citrus sinensis Osb.

56 ë F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d

Varieties Preparation and eating
1. Cut the fruit
Som-tra  ¡â µ√“
Shape : globular lengthwise into
Weight : 160-180 g 4 - 5 pieces.
Colour : greenish yellow skin, 2. Arrange them on
a plate.
orange flesh
Taste : sweet Usage
Eaten flesh.
Som-kliang  â¡‡°≈’È¬ß Make juice, ice cream.
Shape : globular
Weight : 160-180 g Nutrition
Colour : greenish yellow skin, High calcium, phosphorus
and potassium.
orange flesh
Taste : sweet and sour Storage
3-4 weeks at 10-13 CÌ ,
90-95% RH

Season
Availability : September -
November

57F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d ë

SWEET TAMARIND

¡–¢“¡À«“π

Common name : Tamarind
Thai name : Ma-kham Wan
Scientific name : Tamarindus indica L.

58 ë F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d

Varieties Preparation and eating
1. Pick up a sweet
Prakai Thong ª√–°“¬∑Õß
Pod shape : big and slightly tamarind pod.
2. Crack the pod and
curved pod
Weight : 70-80 g remove the shell.
Colour : brown and dusty 3. Remove lateral vein fiber

shell, thick and soft from the flesh.
with light brown flesh 4. Arrange all sweet
Taste : sweet
tamarind flesh on a tray.
Sri Chomphu  ’™¡æŸ
Pod shape : straight pod Usage
Weight : 70-80 g Eaten fresh.
Colour : light brown shell,
Nutrition
reddish brown soft High in calcium,
flesh, seeds can be phosphorus, iron, vitamins
removed easily B1, B2 and C.
Taste : sweet with a touch of
sour flavor Storage
(in plastic bags at the
Si Thong  ’∑Õß ambient condition)
Pod shape : big and curved pod dry ripe pods : 4 months.
Weight : 70-80 g dry ripe pulp : 3 months.
Colour : brown shell, soft and
Season
reddish brown flesh Availability : Late December-
Taste : sweet February

59F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d ë

TANGERINE

 ¡â ‡¢’¬«À«“π

Common name : Tangerine
Thai name : Som Khiao Wan
Scientific name : Citrus reticulata Blanco.

60 ë F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d

Varieties Preparation and eating
1. Break open the fruit by
Ocean Honey ‚Õ‡™’ˬπŒ—ππ’Ë
Shape : flattened sphere with pressing your thumbs
at the dented spot in
easily separated sections the bottom.
Weight : 125 g 2. Separate the fruit in
Colour : thin yellowish green half.
3. Peel the rind and
rind, easy to peel off remove all the fibrous
Taste : sweet and slightly sour, filaments.

juicy Usage
Sai Namphung  “¬πÈ”º÷ßÈ Eaten fresh.
Shape : flattened spherical Making juice.

shaped Nutrition
Weight : 125 g High in potassium,
Colour : orange Beta-carotene and
Taste : sweet and slightly sour, vitamin C.

juicy Storage
Khiao Wan ‡¢¬’ «À«“π 2-4 weeks at 5-8 ÌC,
Shape : flattened spherical shaped 90-95% RH
Weight : 125 g
Colour : orange Season
Taste : sweet and slightly Availability : year round
Peak period : October -
sour,juicy February
Cho Khun ‚™°πÿ
Shape : flattened spherical 61F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d ë

shaped
Weight : 125 g
Colour : greenish yellow
Taste : sweet and slightly sour, juicy
Kaeo ·°«â
Shape : flattened spherical shaped
Weight : 200 - 250 g
Colour : orange
Taste : sweet and slightly sour, juicy

WATERMELON

·µß‚¡

Common name : Watermelon
Thai name : Taengmo
Scientific name : Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.)
Matsum. & Nakai

62 ë F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d

Varieties Preparation and eating
1. Cut the fruit
Red Flesh ‡π◊ÕÈ  ·’ ¥ß
Shape : oblong lengthwise into
Weight : 1,500-2,000 g 2 pieces.
Colour : dark green, red flesh 2. Slice into 6 pieces.
Taste : sweet and juicy 3. Peel the rind, cut up
the flesh into small
Yellow Flesh ‡πÕÈ◊  ’‡À≈Õ◊ ß pieces.
Shape : oblong
Weight : 1,500-2,000 g Usage
Colour : yellowish green with Eaten flesh.
Make juice, ice cream.
dark green stripe skin,
yellow flesh Nutrition
Taste : sweet and juicy High water, low energy.

Storage
2-3 weeks at ambient
condition

Season
Availability : year round

63F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d ë

YOUNG COCONUT

¡–æ√â“«ÕÕà π

Common name : Coconut
Thai name : Maphrao On
Scientific name : Cocos nucifera L.

64 ë F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d

Variety Preparation and eating
1. Pare the outer rind
Nam Hom πÈ”ÀÕ¡
Shape : globular from the bottom of the
Weight : 1,000-1,500 g coconut (opposite
Colour : green skin; white flesh the stalk).
Taste : tender and sweet 2. Cut the bottom of the
fruit wide enough for
flesh; sweet and a spoon to scrape the
scented water flesh inside.
3. Drink the juice with a
straw and eat the flesh
with a spoon.
Usage
Eaten fresh (water and
white flesh).
Make pie, jelly and
desserts.
Nutrition
Good source of vitamins
B1, B2, C, magnesium,
potassium, phosphorus,
manganese, calcium and
copper.
Storage
(de-husked or shaped
young fruit)
- wrapped : 3-4 weeks at
3-6 CÌ , 90-95% RH
- non wrapped : 2-7 days
at ambient temperature
Season
Availability : year round

65F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d ë

Miscellaneous fruits

°√–, ª√–

Common name : Pra, Perah
Thai name : Kra, Pra
Scientific name : Elateriospermum tapos Bl.

°àբ⓫

Common name : braided chestnut
Thai name : Ko khao
Scientific name : Castanopsis inermis (Lindl. ex Wall.)

Benth. & Hook.f.

‰¢‡à π“à

Common name : Smooth Chaste tree, Vitex fruit
Thai name : Khai nao
Scientific name : Vitex glabrata R. Br.

§Õ·≈π

Common name : Kor lan
Thai name : Kor lan
Scientific name : Nephelium hypoleucum Kurz.

66 ë F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d

®”ª“¥–

Common name : Champeda
Thai name : Champeda
Scientific name : Artocarpus integer (Thunb.) Merr.

™¡æŸàπ”È ¥Õ°‰¡â

Common name : Rose Apple
Thai name : Chomphu nam dokmai
Scientific name : Syzygium jambos (Linn.) Alston

™¡æ¡àŸ –‡¡’¬Ë «¢“«-·¥ß

Common name : Malay apple, Otaheite apple
Thai name : Chomphu mamieo
Scientific name : Syzygium malaccense (L.)

Merr. & L.M. Perry
: Eugenia malaccensis L.

™¡æŸà “·À√°

Common name : Malay apple
Thai name : Chomphu- saraek
Scientific name : Syzygium malaccenses Merr. & Perry

67F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d ë

™”¡–‡≈¬’ ß

Common name : Luna nut
Thai name : Chammaliang
Scientific name : Lepisanthes fruticosa (Roxb.) Leenh.

µ–¢∫‰∑¬

Common name : Governor plum, Rukam
Thai name : Takob-thai
Scientific name : Muntingia calabura Linn.

: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi

µ–≈‘ߪ≈‘ß

Common name : Bilimbi, Cucumber tree, Tree sorrel
Thai name : Taling pling
Scientific name : Averrhoa bilimbi L.

µ“≈‚µπ¥

Common name : Palmyra palm
Thai name : Tal ta-not
Scientific name : Borassus flabellifer Linn.

68 ë F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d

∑‡ÿ √’¬π‡∑»

Common name : Soursop, Durian belanda,
Guanabana, Brazilian pawpaw,
Prickly custard apple

Thai name : Thurian thet
Scientific name : Annona muricata L.

πâÕ¬‚Àπàß

Common name : Custard apple, Bullockûs heart
Thai name : Noi nong
Scientific name : Annona reticulata Linn.

¡–°Õ°Ω√ßË—

Common name : Jew plum, Ambarella
Thai name : Ma-kok-farang
Scientific name : Spondias cytherea Sonn.

¡–¢«‘¥

Common name : Wood apple, Elephantûs apple,
Gelingga, Kavath, Limonia

Thai name : Ma-quid
Scientific name : Limonia acidissima L.

69F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d ë

¡–¢“¡‡∑»

Common name : Madras Thorn, Manila Tamarind
Thai name : Ma Khamthet
Scientific name : Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth.

¡–¢“¡ªÑÕ¡

Common name : Emblic, Myrabolan, Amla,
Malacca Tree, Indian Gooseberry,
Amalaki Tree

Thai name : Ma-kham Pom
Scientific name : Phyllanthus emblica L.

¡–¥—π

Common name : Garcinia
Thai name : Ma-dan
Scientific name : Garcinia schomburgkiana Pierre.

¡–µŸ¡

Common name : Bael fruit, Bengal quince
Thai name : Ma-toom
Scientific name : Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa ex Roxb.

70 ë F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d

¡–π“«‚Àà

Common name : Limeberry, Trifoliate Limeberry,
Triphasia, Triphasia Limeberry

Thai name : Manao-ho
Scientific name : Triphasia trifolia (Burm.f.) P.Wilson

¡–楟

Common name : Garcinia dulcis
Thai name : Ma-prud
Scientific name : Garcinia dulcis (Roxb.) Kurz

¡–‰ø

Common name : Rambai, Burmese grape
Thai name : Ma-fai
Scientific name : Baccaurea ramiflora Lour.

¡–‰ø°“

Common name : Chinese Lantern Tree
Thai name : Ma-fai-ka
Scientific name : Baccaurea scortechinii Hook.f.

: Baccaurea parviflora (Muell. Arg.)
Muell. Arg.

71F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d ë

¡–¡«à ßÀ“«, Àπ“¡·¥ß

Common name : Karanda, Bengal currant, Carissa,
Carandas plum

Thai name : Mamuang-hao, Namdaeng
Scientific name : Carissa carandas L.

¡–¡à«ß‡∫“

Common name :
Thai name : Mamuang-bao
Scientific name : Mangifera caloneura Kurz.

¡–¬¡

Common name : Star gooseberry
Thai name : Ma yom
Scientific name : Phyllanthus acidus (L.) Skeels.

¡–À«¥, °”™”

Common name : Ma huat, Kelat Layu
Thai name : Ma huat, Kam cham
Scientific name : Lepisonthes rubiginosa (Roxb.) Leenh.

Erioglossum rubiginosum (Roxb.) Bl.

72 ë F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d

√ß— ·¢

Common name : Tampui, Greater tampoi
Thai name : Lang khae
Scientific name : Baccaurea macrocarpa

(Miq.) Mull. Arg.

√–°”

Common name : Rakum palm
Thai name : Rakum
Scientific name : Salacca wallichiana C. Mart.

≈–¡¥ÿ ‡¢¡√ (∑Õâ )

Common name : Egg fruit, Canistel
Thai name : La-mut-kamaen
Scientific name : Pouteria campechiana (Kunth.) Baehni

≈–¡¥ÿ  ¥’ “

Common name : Sapodilla plum, Sapota
Thai name : Lamut sida
Scientific name : Madhuca esculenta H.R. Fletcher

73F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d ë

≈–‰¡

Common name : Rambai
Thai name : La-mai
Scientific name : Baccaurea motleyana

(Muell. Arg.) Muell. Arg.

≈°Ÿ ®“°

Common name : Mangrove palm, Nipa palm,
Atap palm

Thai name : Lug jark
Scientific name : Nypa fruticans Wurmb.

≈°Ÿ ‡µ¬’ π

Common name : Santol
Thai name : Lug tian
Scientific name : Sandoricum koetjape Merr.

 µ“√å·Õª‡ªô≈î , ≈Ÿ°πÈ”π¡

Common name : Star apple, Caimito
Thai name : Star apple, Lug nam nom
Scientific name : Chrysophyllum cainito L.

74 ë F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d

 â¡®ÿ°

Common name : Necked mandarin
Thai name : Som chuk
Scientific name : Citrus nobilis Lour.

Citrus reticulata Blanco

 â¡´à“

Common name : Sour orange, Bitter orange,
Seville orange, Bigarade

Thai name : Som-sa
Scientific name : Citrus aurantium L. ssp. Aurantium L.

: Citrus bigaradia risso.

‡ “«√ 

Common name : Passion fruit, Yellow granadilla,
Purple granadilla, Maracuya

Thai name : Saowarot
Scientific name : Passiflora laurifolia Linn.

: Passiflora edulis Sims.

 ”‡π’¬ß

Common name : Sam niang
Thai name : Sam niang
Scientific name : Lepisanthes senegalensis (Poir.) Leenh.

75F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d ë

 ”ª–≈Õ

Common name : Breadnut
Thai name : Sam pa lor
Scientific name : Artocarpus camansi Blanco.

À¡“°‡¡à“

Common name : Tassle berry, White bignai, Bignay
Thai name : Ma-Mao
Scientific name : Antidesma velutinosum Blume.

: Antidesma bunius (L.) Sprengel

À≈¡ÿ æ’

Common name : Kelubi, Asam paya,
Edible-fruited salak palm

Thai name : Lum-pee
Scientific name : Salacca conferta Griff.

À«“â

Common name : Black plum, Jambolan, Java plum
Thai name : Wa
Scientific name : Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels

76 ë F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d

À«â“À‘π, ≈Ÿ°‡≈◊Õ¥

Common name :
Thai name : Wa hin, Lug luat
Scientific name : Eugenia claviflora Roxb.

Õ¡— æ«“

Common name : Nam-Nam
Thai name : Amphawa, Nang-Ai, Hima
Scientific name : Cynometra cauliflora L.

Õ–‚«§“‚¥

Common name : Avocado, Alligator pear
Thai name : Avocado
Scientific name : Persea americana Mill.

Õπ‘ -®π— ∑å

Common name : Siamese in-chan
Thai name : In-Chan
Scientific name : Diospyros decandra Lour.

77F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d ë

Thai fruit composition (per 100 g edible portion)

Fruit Water
Energy
Banana (Kluai Hom) Protein
Banana (Kluai Khai)
Banana (Kluai Namwa) Fat
Cantaloupe (green flesh) Carbohydrate
Cantaloupe (orange flesh) Dietary fiber
Carambola, Star fruit
Dragon fruit (pink flesh) Ash
Dragon fruit (white flesh) Sugar
Durian (Chani)
Durian (Mon Thong) g kcl g g g g g g
Gandaria (Ma Prang)
Gandaria (Ma Yong chit) 66 132 0.9 0.2 3.17 1.9 0.9 18
Grape (green variety) 71 111 1.2 0.2 26.2 1.9 1 22
Grape (red variety) 63 148 1.1 0.2 35.4 2.3 0.7 22
Guava (Kim Ju) 92 37 0.5 0.0 8.6 0.6 0.4 6
Guava (Klom Sa Lee) 92 30 0.5 0.1 6.7 1.3 0.4 10
Jackfruit 89 41 0.7 0.1 9.3 3.0 0.9 10
Java apple (Thapthim Chan) 84 66 1.3 1.0 12.9 3.4 0.6 8
Jujube 85 59 1.3 0.7 11.9 2.0 0.8 10
Lime 65.6 158 2.7 5.1 25.4 4.1 1.3 22
Longan (Biao Khiao) 63 163 2.1 3.3 31.2 1.4 0.9 21
Longkong, Langsat 87 53 0.4 0.0 12.8 1.5 0.2 17
Lychee (Chakraphat) 85 62 0.5 0.3 14.2 1.6 0.3 13
Lychee (Kom) 86 53 0.5 0.1 12.5 1.0 0.5 13
Mango (Kaew; ripe) 88 49 0.4 0.1 11.7 5.9 0.3 9
Mango (Khiao Sawoei; mature green) 90 42 0.8 0.2 9.1 3.1 0.4 7
Mango (Nam Dokmai; ripe) 89 43 0.6 0.1 9.8 2.9 0.5 6
Mango (Rad; mature green) 63 122 2.2 0.4 27.5 2.2 6.7 28
Mango (Oc-rong; ripe) 89 42 0.5 0.1 9.8 0.8 0.2 8
88 47 0.8 0.1 10.5 1.8 0.4 8
78 ë F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d 90 30 0.7 0.1 0.2 2.8 0.5 13
80.5 76 1.2 0.1 17.5 0.9 0.7 24
81 70 0.9 0.1 16.2 4.4 1.9 16
82 71 0.7 0.1 16.9 0.5 0.3 13
82 71 0.8 0.1 16.6 1.2 0.3 18
76.7 93 0.6 0.1 22.4 1.6 0.2 24
79 87 0.7 0.4 20.2 2.0 0.3 7
80 79 0.6 0.2 18.5 0.8 0.4 15
87.1 51 0.4 0.1 12.2 1.8 0.2 2
80.1 79 0.9 0.2 18.3 1.1 0.5 13

Minerals Vitamins

Calcium
Phosphorus

Iron
Sodium
Potassium
Copper
Zinc
Magnesium
Iodine
Beta-carotine
Total vitamin A
B1 (Thiamine)
B2 (Riboflavin)
Niacin

C

mg mg mg mg mg mg mg mg µg µg mg mg mg mg mg
26 46 0.80 - - 0.12 0.2 - - 99 - - - - 27
1 16 0.6 2 269 0.04 0.1 16 1.3 271 58 0.03 0.11 1.1 10
4 43 0.80 2 320 0.05 0.1 - - 54 22 0.05 0.03 1.1 11
1 6 0.80 4 162 - - 8 0.6 28 - - - - 13
5 13 0.10 6 159 - 0.23 9 1.8 217 - - - - 13
1 20 0.12 20 121 - 0.12 5 1.3 27 - 0.014 0.016 - 23
5 38 0.35 2 287 - 0.70 28 2.80 0 - - - - 4
9 32 - - - - - - 1.0 0 - - - - 4
7 35 0.9 29 422 0.13 0.2 - - 244 - 0.34 0.22 1.5 30
29 34 1.10 6 473 0.11 0.2 - - 46 - 0.28 0.19 2.1 38
9 4 0.30 - 198 - - - - 230 - 0.11 0.05 0.5 21
1 13 0.28 2 137 - 0.10 6 1.8 207 - - - - 25
1 15 0.6 4 191 0.42 0.1 5 1.2 35 - 0.03 0.04 0.2 4
6 12 0.5 4 138 0.07 0.1 5 2.1 56 - 0.03 0.03 0.2 2
3 14 0.20 2 174 0.03 0.10 7 - 5 - 0.04 0.08 1.3 115
2 12 0.4 - 184 - - - - 21 3 0.05 0.11 1.3 187
7 16 0.12 4 355 0.2 0.08 17 1.7 40 - 0.02 0.08 0.7 14
- 12 0.18 8 112 - - 7 1.2 11 - - - - 11
14 6 0.4 - - - - - 1.3 24 - 0.01 0.21 1.1 47
33 18 0.6 2 102 - 0.11 6 - - - 0.03 0.02 0.1 30
6 36 0.3 7 224 0.13 0.2 10 - - - 0.02 0.06 0.9 24
5 19 0.12 3 173 0.09 0.2 9 1.6 11 - 0.08 0.04 1.7 4
1 17 0.17 1 206 0.07 0.51 3 0.3 - - 0.02 0.1 0.9 78
1 20 0.21 1 217 0.06 1.38 15 0.9 - - 0.02 0.1 0.7 60
34 10 - - - - - - - 1768 295 0.05 0.06 1.1 28
2 28 0.18 2 197 - 0.10 10 3.0 - - 0.02 0.03 - 26
4 16 0.3 2 197 0.10 0.10 8 1.6 878 149 0.11 0.66 1.8 15
1 1 0.1 - - - - - - 46 7 0.12 0.02 0.2 27
29 19 0.2 - - - - - - 59 10 0.04 0.06 1.1 13

79F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d ë

Thai fruit composition (per 100 g edible portion)

Fruit Water
Energy
Protein

Fat
Carbohydrate
Dietary fiber

Ash
Sugar

Mangosteen g kcl g g g g g g
Papaya (Khaek Dum)
Papaya (Plak Mai Lai) 79.2 82 0.5 0 20.1 1.7 0.2 8
Pineapple (Pattawia) 89 42 0.6 0.1 9.6 1.7 0.5 8
Pineapple (Phuket, Trat Si Thong) 89 43 0.7 0.1 9.7 1.7 0.5 9
Pummelo (Khao Namphung) 87 52 0.5 0.1 12.3 1.4 0.3 13
Pummelo (Khao Taeng Kwa) 83 69 0.7 0.1 16.4 1.4 0.4 15
Pummelo (Thong Di) 90 41 0.8 0.2 9.0 1.2 0.5 8
Rakam 89 42 0.9 0.2 9.2 1.6 0.5 7
Rambutan (Rong Rian) 89.2 44 0.5 0.4 9.5 0.7 0.4 8
Rambutan (Si Chomphu) 87.2 50 0.6 0.2 11.5 0.7 0.5 4
Sala 81 76 1.0 0.3 17.4 1.6 0.3 76
Sapodilla 80.4 79 1.1 0.4 17.8 0.6 0.3 70
Strawberry 80.6 74 0.4 0.1 17.9 0.3 1.0 9
Sugar apple 77 93 0.3 0.8 21.2 5.6 0.4 17
Sweet orange 91 34 0.7 0.3 7.2 2.0 0.5 4
Sweet tamarind 75.2 98 1.4 0.2 22.6 2.7 0.6 15
Tangerine (Cho Khun) 86.8 52 0.5 0.1 12.6 0.2 0.1 10
Tangerine (Mee Laap) 12.4 333 2.9 0 80.3 4.7 4.4 11
Tangerine (Sai Namphung) 88 48 1.1 0.2 10.4 1.3 0.4 9
Watermelon (red flesh) 86 56 1.1 0.1 12.6 1.8 0.6 11
Watermelon (yellow flesh) 87 52 0.8 0.2 11.8 1.7 0.5 11
Young coconut (Nam Hom; flesh) 92 34 0.7 0.1 7.5 0.4 0.2 11
Young coconut (Nam Hom; juice) 92 31 0.5 0.1 7.0 1.4 0.2 6
90 51 1.4 3.0 4.6 1.6 0.9 3
94 23 0.0 0.1 5.5 - 0.4 7

Source : - Nutritious fruits, June 2010, Bureau of Nutrition, Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health.
of - Nutritive Values of Thai Foods, September 2001, Nutrition Division, Department of Health, Ministry

Public Health.
- Institute of Nutrition, 1999, Thai Food Composition Tables, Mahidol University, Thailand.

80 ë F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d

Minerals Vitamins

Calcium
Phosphorus

Iron
Sodium
Potassium
Copper
Zinc
Magnesium
Iodine
Beta-carotine
Total vitamin A
B1 (Thiamine)
B2 (Riboflavin)
Niacin

C

mg mg mg mg mg mg mg mg µg µg mg mg mg mg mg

11 17 0.9 - 48 0.069 0.12 13.9 - 0 0 0.09 0.06 0.1 -
11 14 0.25 3 229 0.02 0.08 12 0.6 482 174 0.04 0.05 0.4 55
11 11 0.21 5 224 0.02 0.96 10 0.4 483 173 0.03 0.04 0.5 78
4 15 0.15 1 106 0.04 0.22 8 2.3 24 2 0.09 0.04 0.3 12
8 9 0.31 1 160 - 0.26 18 1.5 150 - - - - 11
8 23 0.18 1 218 - 0.01 8 0.9 0 - - - - 41
11 16 0.13 2 225 - 0.08 8 0.5 8 - - - - 48
9 21 - - - - - - - 26 4 0.07 0.02 0.4 60
8 18 0.4 - - - - - - - 4 0.03 0.26 0.6 33
29 20 0.30 - 161 - - - - - - - 0.13 1.3 2
37 18 0.30 - - - - - - - - 0.01 0.15 1.1 3
- - - - - - - - - - 6 0.01 0.50 0.8 24
15 6 0.60 22 269 0.03 0.1 - - 22 - 0.03 0.02 0.4 18
2 23 0.30 1 157 - 0.13 8 1.5 5 - 0.024 0.022 0.386 66
25 35 0.4 7 224 - - - - 0 0 0.09 0.09 10 -
33 23 0.4 5 145 0.03 0 - - - 10 0.04 0.04 1.8 71
141 165 0.9 - - - - - - - 26 0.46 0.01 1.3 75
10 23 0.01 1 213 - 0.02 4 0.6 32 10 0.03 0.02 0.02 15
21 22 0.09 3 190 0.03 0.14 10 - 82 13 0.04 0.04 0.4 42
18 16 0.16 1 157 - 0.02 8 0.01 101 11 0.03 0.02 0.03 30
3 10 0.22 2 122 - 0.08 9 0.8 122 - 0.03 0.03 0.2 8
6 13 0.12 3 103 - 0.12 11 1.7 21 - 0.01 0.02 0.2 4
6 48 0.55 13 381 - 0.25 40 2.6 0 - 0.06 0.04 1.3 5
11 0 0.32 11 330 0.04 0.00 7 1.9 0 0 0.03 0.057 - 1

81F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d ë

Fruit season JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUN.
JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY. JUN.
Sweet tamarind
Tangerine
Jujube
Strawberry

Java apple (Wax apple)
Gandaria, Marian plum

Mango
Jackfruit
Lychee (Litchi)
Pineapple

Durian
Mangosteen

Rumbutan
Sala and Rakam

Dragon fruit
Santol

Longkong and Langsat
Lime

Suger apple
Star gooseberry

Longan
Pummelo
Passion fruit
Sweet orange
Sapodilla

Banana
Guava
Papaya
Young coconut
Cantaloupe
Pomegranate
Carambola (Star fruit)
Grape
Watermelon

in season off season

82 ë F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d

JUL. AUG. SEP. OCT. NOV. DEC

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JUL. AUG. SEP. OCT. NOV. DEC

83F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d ë

Mango Lychee Longkong Longan Lime Jujube Java Apple Jackfruit Guava Grape Gandaria Durian Dragon Fruit Carambola Cantaloupe Banana MEDICINAL USES

Fruits Medicinal Uses
Fruit: for longevity
Unripe fruit: antidiarrheal; antidysenteric; treatment of peptic ulcer
Fruit: improvement of kidney function; antioxidant

Fruit: expectorant; diuretic; stagnant blood dispersal

Fruit: antioxidant; digestive aids; lower blood glucose level for diabetics

Fruit: antioxidant; laxative; restful sleep induction

Fruit: laxative; digestive aids
Red flesh fruit: high bioflavonoids, an antioxidant effectively fights free radicals, a

cause of cancer and heart disease
Fruit: treatment of mucous bloody stools, diarrhea, dysentery, gingivitis; an expectorant

Fruit: mild natural laxative; good thirst quencher; hangover recovery

Fruit infusion: diuretic
Fruit: cough depressant
Fruit rind: high tannin, antidiarrheal
Fruit and juice: treatment of flatulence, stomachache, scurvy; cough depressant; as an

expectorant, carminative, tonic
Fruit: an appetizer; treatment of indigestion; restful sleep induction; stress relief

Fruit rind: non-toxic oleoresin, diarrhea medicine

Fruit: excellent thirst quencher; natural digestive aids

Ripe fruit: high beta carotene, an antioxidant effectively fights free radicals, a cause
of cancer

84 ë F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d

Coconut Watermelon Tangerine Tamarind Sweet orange Sugar Apple Strawberry Sapodilla Santol Sala Rambutan Pummelo Pomegranate Pineapple Papaya Mangosteen MEDICINAL USES

Fruits Medicinal Uses

Dried fruit rind: high tannin and xanthones; treatment of diarrhea and dysentery; anti-inflammatory;
wound healing

Xanthones: commercialized as cosmetic cream for acne, black scars and boils

Ripe fruit: laxative
Latex papain: a proteolytic enzyme, digestant
Fruit: high bromelain, a proteolytic enzyme, increase of digestion

: an expectorant; cough depressant; diuretic
Fruit: antidiarrheal; antidysenteric
Fruit rind: antidiarrheal; antidysenteric; treatment of foot fungal diseases
Fruit: source of energy; good for flushing out toxins, reducing bloated and fever

Fruit: treatment of diarrhea; ease of stomach cramps, bloated and gas

Fruit: antioxidant; antidiarrheal

Fruit: an astringent; cure of common cough and cold

Fruit: rich in fiber; improvement of excretory system

Fruit: relief of gout and rheumatism; treatment of ureterolith

Fruit: treatment of abscesses, ringworm, herpes virus; as an anthelmintic

Fruit: high pectin, a dietary fiber, lower blood cholesterol level; skin rejuvenation
Fruit pulp: high tartaric and citric acid; treatment of constipation and coughs;

as a laxative, expectorant, carminative
Fruit: an appetite stimulant; a good thirst quencher; protection against gingivitis

Fruit: natural diuretic; flush out uric acid, a cause of gout and joint ailments

Fruit pulp and juice: source of quick energy; improvement of digestion and bowel
function; protection against kidney disease and bladder infections

85F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d ë

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Farnsworth, N. R. and N. Bunyapraphatsara. 1992. Thai Medicinal Plants. Medicinal Plant Information
Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University.

Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives. 2007. Exotic Thai Fruits and Flowers. Office of Agricultural
Affairs, Royal Thai Embassy, Brussels, Belgium.

Posomboon, M., et al. 2004. Fruits in Thailand. Fruit Tree Production Promotion Group, Fruit, Perennial
Tree and Para Rubber Production Promotion Division, Bureau of Agricultural Commodities
Promotion and Management, Department of Agricultural Extension.

Posomboon, M., S. Sompee, T. Kidsang, and K. Intani, 2013. Professional Judgement Techniques
for Fruits Competition. Department of Agricultural Extension, Ministry of Agriculture and
Cooperatives.

Readerûs Digest. 1996. Knowing of Nutritional Benefits and Risks. Bangkok: The Readerûs Digest
(Thailand) Company, Ltd.

Saralamp, P. , W. Chuakul, R. Temsiririrkkul and T. Clayton. 1996. Medicinal Plants in Thailand
Volume I. Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University.

Swerdlow, J. L. 2000. Natureûs Medicine. Plants That Heal. United State: National Geographic Society.

Vangnai, V. 2003. Species and Varieties of Thai Fruits. Bangkok: Heap Up (Thailand) Company, Ltd.

Wanandorn, W., Phya. 1960. Thai Plant Names. Vernacular Names-Botanical Names. Royal Forest
Department.

86 ë F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d

Advisory Board

1. Mr. Olan Pituck
Director-General

2. Mr. Withaya Athipanan
Deputy Director-General (Technical)

3. Mrs. Orasa Dissataporn
Director of Bureau of Agricultural Commodities Promotion and Management

Art & Design

Mr. Manoo Posomboon

Editorial Board

1. Mr. Manoo Posomboon
2. Mr. Suthep Sompee

3. Mrs. Malinee Yuwananonta

4. Ms. Penrapee Thong in
5. Ms. Sansanee Nitithamyong

6. Ms. Prapitpan Anupunt

7. Mr. Kitti Srakaew

8. Ms. Tusana Kidsang

9. Ms. Thunchanok Tothom
10. Mr. Kiatkamjon Intani
11. Mr. Jiraphan Pongsapan

12. Ms. Orasa Saeheng
13. Ms. Sirinat Thephirunyo
14. Ms. Kanjana Nilchart

15. Mr. Padetsuk Supannarat
16. Ms. Chonapa Jindanapaporn

Supporter Sumleerat (Local Intellect)
Rusamithat (Chief of Village)
1. Mr.Narong Daengsawasdi (Farmer : Suandaengsawasdi, Prathumthani)
2. Mr.Manas Thammarat (Farmer : Suanlungvon, Kuan-niang district, Songkhla)
3. Mr.Prasert
4. Mr.Nivon 87F r u i t s i n T h a i l a n d ë