TOPIC 3

TOPIC 3

FUNDAMENTALS
PROGROAFMMING

LANGUAGE

Outcomes

At the end of the lecture, student will
be able to:

State data definition of data

Explain the da types: numeric and
non-numeric

Define identifier, variable, constant
and reserved word

State the naming convention rules
for identifier

DATA TYPES




Data is an array of facts that can be
modified by the computer into useful forms
for human beings.

All the variables and constants have to be
declared before they are used in the
program.

To declare the variables, we have to identify
the categories of data and name each
uniquely.

It is because once we declare the variable, a
memory space will be provided.

Data -> Numeric and Non Numeric

NUMERIC




Contains all types of
numbers

Data which can be used
for calculation.

Example: sums of money,
age, and distance (e.g: 34,
50, and 1.01)

NUMERIC




INTEGER

All positive and negative numbers
including zero and no decimal
place.
Example: 0, +1, -10.
Integers are used to represent the
counting of things.
Example: Numbers of month in a
year (1,2,3…)

NUMERIC




REAL NUMBER

Contains all real numbers.
The number will be stored in
floating point.
Used for metric measurement,
temperature and price.
Example: 1.0, 234.55, 20.30, 36.7.

NON NUMERIC




CHARACTER

Consists of all letters,
numbers and special
symbols.
Characters are surrounded by
single quotation mark (‘ ‘).
Example: ‘A’, ‘m’,’=’, ‘#’, ‘1’ or ‘ ‘.

NON NUMERIC




STRING

A combination of one or more
characters.
A string is surrounded by
double quotation marks (“ “).
Example: (“WELCOME TO
COSMOPOINT”) or (“8758”).

NON NUMERIC




LOGICAL VALUE

Used in making yes-or-no
decisions (TRUE-or-FALSE).

Example: To check 2
integers using If…Else
control structure.

EXAMPLES
DATA TYPES

TYPES OF DATA

BASIC DATA
TYPES

ACTIVITY

What is the suitable data type for the
follo
wing ?

Number of student in your
class

Your matrix number

Assignment marks for this
subject

Malaysian’s plate number

Number of people living
in malaysia