[2564]M4-E31101-explanation+ex

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

Unit Lifestyle
1

Reading Skill

Pre-Reading Activity
Answer these questions.

1. Which adjectives best describe the life you live?
2. Which adjectives describe the life you would like to have in the future?

Sporty Peaceful Glamorous Calm
Exciting Active Hectic Fast-paced
Boring Action-packed
Rural Slow-paced Adventurous
Urban Fun-filled

During-Reading Activity

Read the passage about Jo, who changed her type of life and find out when Jo decided to
change her life.

Downshifting: Jo’s story

I grew up on a farm in a small village in the Peak District. We had the
freedom of the fields and were outdoors in all types of weather. When I
grew up I started to see that there was a big world out there and I wanted
an exciting life. I wanted more glamour and adventure. Life on the farm
seemed so boring and I couldn't wait to get away. I studied in London
and travelled around the world.

In the 1990s I was a stylist working on magazines in New York and
other parts of America. I lived in Boston and had a hectic social life. It
was a million miles from my village. It was exciting but it was also
exhausting. After having two children I started to change. My mind kept
going back to those fields and hills in the English countryside. In my
dreams I walked down all the roads and across the rivers that I knew. I
thought of the smells and sounds of that peaceful life. I had everything in Boston. An exciting,
successful life and a beautiful home. I wanted to look out at the hills and green fields of England.
Boston wasn't home.

When my Dad rang to say an old farmhouse in the village was up for sale, I jumped at the chance
to buy back in to my old life. I persuaded my husband and kids to leave behind the American
lifestyle. We made a difficult decision. It was more frightening than travelling around India by
myself as a student.

Then when we got here I saw that my decision is not unusual. I have met old school friends who
still live and work in the countryside but I meet more and more new faces. In our local school over
half of the families are not locals. They are people who come from cities all over Britain. They
have usually given up expensive houses and good jobs to move their families to a smaller house.

KB YALA 1 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

They do the work they can find and they say they are happier. I know I am happier to be in my
village and my family are too.

Post-Reading Activity

Exercise 1: Answer the following questions.
1. List the factors that made Jo's family decide to change their lifestyles.
___________________________________________________________________________
2. What might be the biggest change for Jo's kids?
___________________________________________________________________________
3. What things might be hard to leave behind in Boston for Jo and her husband?
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Describe the type of life that Jo prefer in your own words.
___________________________________________________________________________
5. Have you ever moved house? Describe what happened and how you felt about the move.
___________________________________________________________________________

Homework 1

Exercise 2: Identify the part of speech and the meaning of the following words in the table
below.

No. Words Part of Meaning No. Words Part of Meaning
1 freedom speech 9 successful speech

2 exciting 10 persuade

3 glamour 11 decision

4 boring 12 frightening

5 get away 13 unusual

6 hectic 14 local

7 exhausting 15 give up

8 peaceful

Exercise 3: Complete each sentence below with the words from the above table.
1. Think it over carefully before you make a ……………………...

KB YALA 2 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

2. This job is so ……………………... I wish I could do something more creative.
3. The guide offers information on ……………………... customs.
4. She spent a ……………………... afternoon by the river, reading a novel.
5. It is ……………………... to see snow in Thailand.
6. Their films are ……………………... and really stretch the imagination.
7. There are so many people with guns these days, it's really ……………………...
8. He was drawn to the metropolitan ……………………... and excitement of Paris.
9. Life can be unfair sometimes, but that's no reason to ……………………... on it.
10. We walked to the next beach to ……………………... from the crowd.
11. Her parents are very liberal and allow her a lot of ……………………...
12. I finally managed to ……………………... her to go on a date with me.
13. They are busy preparing for a ……………………... day's activity on Saturday.
14. I had to drive nine hours without a break - it was ……………………...
15. Behind every ……………………... man, there is a woman. And behind every unsuccessful
man, there are two.

Writing Skill

Present Simple & Present Continuous

Prese

1. โครงสรา้ งประโยค (Structure)

Present Simple
Subject + V1 (เติม s /ไมเ่ ติม s)

Ex: She studies at KB Yala School. You are beautiful.
He doesn’t like cake. They don’t know.

KB YALA 3 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

Present Continuous
Subject + is/am/are + V-ing

Ex: A: What is your sister doing right now?

B: She is watching TV in the living room.

2. วิธีใช้ (Usage)

Present Simple

 สิง่ ทเ่ี ป็นความจรงิ ทั่วไป/ในปัจจุบัน/ทางธรรมชาต/ิ ทางวทิ ยาศาสตร์

Ex: I speak Thai. The sun rises in the east.

This shop closes at 9 p.m. They are students.

The sky isn’t green. There are 7 days in a week.

 สิ่งทท่ี ำเปน็ ประจำ/นสิ ัย/กิจวัตร

Ex: She swims every morning. Jack goes to the movies once a week.

I play basketball every Monday. Sam is always late.

ในการกล่าวถึงสิ่งที่ทำเป็นประจำหรือเป็นนิสัย เราสามารถใช้ Adverb of frequency มาบอกความถี่
ของการกระทำได้ เช่น always / usually / often / sometimes /occasionally / hardly / never และ
every Friday / once a week / twice a month / 3 times a day

 สงิ่ ท่ดี ำเนินตามตารางเวลา เช่น กำหนดการ ตารางเรยี น ตารางเดินรถ/เรอื /เคร่ืองบนิ

Ex: We study English in the fifth period every Monday.
The plane departs from Bangkok at 6 p.m. and arrives Chiang Mai at 7 p.m.

Present Continuous

 เหตกุ ารณ์ที่กำลังดำเนนิ อยู่ ณ ขณะทีพ่ ดู /ในชว่ งนี/้ ในปัจจุบนั มกั จะมีตวั บอกเวลา เช่น now, right now, at
the moment, currently
Ex: They are playing football in the field now.

She is currently studying for a master degree in UK.

 เหตกุ ารณ์ท่ีเกิดขึ้นเพยี งชั่วคราวในปจั จบุ นั

Ex: I am taking a bus to school this week.

KB YALA 4 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

She is staying with her grandmother during summer break.

 แผนการในอนาคตท่ีมีแนวโนม้ วา่ จะเกิดขน้ึ แนน่ อน มักใช้คู่กับตวั บอกเวลาอนาคต เช่น tomorrow, tonight

Ex: I am leaving for France 5 o’clock this evening.
Lily is seeing her doctor tomorrow afternoon.

เปรียบเทียบการใช้ Present Simple and Present Continuous

Present Simple Present Continuous
1. สงิ่ ทีเ่ ปน็ ความจรงิ ท่ัวไป เช่น 1. เหตกุ ารณท์ ี่กำลังดำเนินอยู่ ณ ปัจจบุ นั เชน่
They speak Chinese. They’re speaking Chinese.
(พดู จนี เป็นภาษาแม)่ (พวกเขากำลงั พดู ภาษาจนี อยู่ ณ ขณะน้ี ภาษาแม่ของ
พวกเขาอาจจะใชห่ รือไม่ใช่ภาษาจีนก็ได้)

2. ส่งิ ทีเ่ ปน็ จริงและถาวร เช่น 2. สิ่งทเ่ี กดิ ขึ้นชั่วคราว เชน่
She lives with her parents. She’s living with her aunt during summer.
(ปกติอาศัยอยทู่ ่ีบา้ นพ่อแม่) (อาศัยอยูบ่ า้ นป้าแคช่ ัว่ คราวช่วง Summer เทา่ นน้ั )

3. กล่าวถงึ ส่งิ ทเ่ี กดิ ขึ้นตามตารางเวลา เช่น 3. กล่าวถงึ แผนในอนาคตท่ีแนน่ อนแลว้ เช่น
My plane leaves at eight tonight. I’m leaving to Japan at eight tonight.
(กล่าวถงึ เวลาเคร่ืองออกตามตารางเทย่ี วบิน) (เป็นแผนในอนาคตท่ีมีความเปน็ ไปได้สงู ว่าจะเกิดขึ้น
เช่น อาจจะจองตวั๋ เครอ่ื งบินไวแ้ ล้ว)

Let’s Practice

Exercise 4: Complete the sentences with the PRESENT SIMPLE or CONTINUOUS of the
verbs.
1. He usually …………………………………… (go) to work by bus.

2. Tess …………………………………… (talk) on the phone now.

KB YALA 5 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

3. Peter and Gina …………………………………… (love) hip-hop.
4. Mr. Andrews …………………………………… (not like) fast food.
5. Be quiet! The baby …………………………………… (sleep) in his bedroom.
6. Mary’s daughter …………………………………… (study) in Boston at the moment
7. The film …………………………………… (be) outstanding! You should watch it!
8. My father …………………………………… (watch) a documentary on TV now.
9. I …………………………………… (hate) working early in the morning.
10. They never …………………………………… (pay) attention to my words.
11. The train …………………………………… (leave) at half past seven.
12. I …………………………………… (leave) now, my parents must be worried!
13. Water …………………………………… (freeze) at 0ºC.
14. The water …………………………………… (boil) on the cooker! Turn it off!
15. Harry sometimes …………………………………… (play) tennis at the club.
16. Betty …………………………………… (play) the flute now. She’s rehearsing!
17. My students rarely …………………………………… (say) a word in English!
18. It rarely …………………………………… (rain) in summer.
19. Look! It …………………………………… (rain) cats and dogs! We can’t go out now.
20. I never ……………………………………(get) up before 7.30.

KB YALA 6 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

Exercise 5: Complete the Mrs. White’s story with the PRESENT SIMPLE or
CONTINUOUS of the verbs.

This is Mrs. White. She …………………… (be) a primary school teacher.
She ……………………… (teach) English, Math and Geography. At the
moment, she …………………… (teach) Math. She ……………………
(live) in London and ……………… (be) married to Georges, who is French.
They ……………………… (have) three children. They all …………………
(love) animals, but they ……………………… (not have) any pets because they
…………………… (live) in an apartment. Mrs White ………………… (speak) French as well as
English, but she …………………… (not teach) it.

Mrs. White’s niece Sophie ……………………… (stay) with the Whites for
a few days. Sophie ……………………… (live) and ………………………
(study) in Liverpool, but she ………………………… (enjoy) her mid-term
break in London at the moment. She ……………………… (plan) to do some
serious shopping and sightseeing.

Mrs. White’s son Arnold ……………………… (not like) shopping, but he
…………………… (love) hanging out with friends. They usually
……………… (go) to the local park where they ………………… (play)
football or basketball. Today, however, Arnold …………………….….
(not play) football or basketball; he ……………………….. (skateboard).

Mr. White ………………… (work) for a multinational company. He
……………………… (not work) today, however, because he
…………………………. (not feel) well. He phoned in sick.

KB YALA 7 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

Adjectives and Adverbs

Adjective เป็นคำที่ใช้บอกลักษณะของคำนาม (noun) หรือคำสรรพนาม (pronoun) สามารถวางหน้า
noun ท่ตี อ้ งการขยายหรือวางไว้หลงั linking verb ก็ได้

• วางหน้า Noun • วางหลงั linking verb
That’s a cute kitten. The kitten looks cute.
Venice is a beautiful city. Venice is beautiful.

เราสามารถเปรียบเทียบลักษณะของคำนามตั้งแต่ 2 สิ่งขึ้นไปได้โดยใช้รูปขั้นกว่าและขั้นสุดของ
adjective โดยการเตมิ er/est ข้างหลงั หรือวาง more/the most ไว้ขา้ งหน้า เชน่

The kittens are cuter than puppies. Venice is more beautiful than Paris.

The kittens are the cutest animals. Venice is the most beautiful city.

มี adjective กลมุ่ พเิ ศษทมี่ กี ารเปลี่ยน
รูปข้นั กว่าและข้ันสดุ อีกแบบหนึ่ง ศึกษา
เพมิ่ เติมได้โดย scan QR Code

Adverb เป็นคำที่ใช้ขยาย verb, adjective หรือ adverb อื่นๆ ได้ Adverb มีหลายประเภทและใช้
แตกตา่ งกันไป เชน่

KB YALA 8 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

โดยส่วนใหญ่แลว้ เราสามารถเปลี่ยน adjective ให้เป็น adverb ได้โดยเติม –ly ส่วนรูปข้ันกวา่ และขั้น
สุดของ adverb ทำไดโ้ ดยการวาง more/the most ไวข้ า้ งหน้า

มี adverb กลมุ่ พิเศษท่มี ีการเปล่ยี นรปู
ขนั้ กวา่ และข้ันสดุ อีกแบบหนึ่ง ศกึ ษา
เพิม่ เติมได้โดย scan QR Code

Let’s Practice

Exercise 6: Underline the correct options.
1. We have got an absolute/absolutely crazy dog.
2. Don't shout at me so angry/angrily!
3. This is a really boring/boringly exercise. I don't want to do it.
4. My mother worked very hard/hardly last week.
5. This is a very dangerous/ dangerously mountain that you want to climb.
6. Please open the door slow/slowly. There might be someone inside.
7. Mary dresses up very pretty/prettily all the time.
8. My girlfriend cooks really bad/badly.
9. The number of unemployed people in the country has risen dramatic/dramatically.
10. Rick often watches the late/lately news on TV.
11. He is a high/highly intelligent young man with a great future.
12. We near/nearly had an accident.
13. The work he did wasn’t good/well enough
14. Melanie ate her lunch quick/quickly.
15. She obvious/obviously needed a long vacation.

KB YALA 9 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

so…that, such…that

so และ such ใช้อยา่ งไร?

so และ such เปน็ คำขยาย adjective, adverb และ noun ท้งั คมู่ คี วามหมายวา่ ‘มาก’ เหมือนกัน เช่น
This is such a good book. หรือ This book is so good.

เราใช้ such กับ noun และใช้ so กบั adjective และ adverb เชน่

She is such a great cook. ✓ NOT: She is so great cook. 

That was so unpleasant. ✓ NOT: That was such unpleasant. 

Why do you drive so fast? ✓ NOT: Why do you drive such fast? 

เรามกั จะใช้ so และ such กับ that+ประโยค เพ่ือบอกผลลัพธ์ เชน่

It was so cold that the water in the lake froze.
อากาศเยน็ มากจนน้ำในทะเลสาบเปน็ นำ้ แขง็

He was such a good teacher that we all passed the exam.
เขาเป็นครูที่ดีมากจนพวกเราสอบผา่ นกนั ทุกคน

There's so much noise that I can't think!
เสียงดังมากจนฉนั คดิ อะไรไม่ออก

Let’s Practice

Exercise 7: Write so or such to complete each sentence.
1. Jessica is ……..……… a brilliant woman that everyone admires her.
2. He made ……..……… an unforgivable mistake that it caused him his marriage.
3. She is ……..……… shy that she would only talk to her parents.
4. The teacher was ……..……… tired that she had to dismiss the class.
5. Those shoes are ……..……… expensive that I can never afford them.
6. I have ……..……… great memories with her that I will never forget her.
7. They were ……..……… close to winning that everyone felt disappointed with the loss.

KB YALA 10 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

8. He is ……..……… a clever boy that he can learn multiple languages at the same time.
9. Our teacher is ……..……… funny that she always makes us laugh.
10. Adam and his brother are ……..……… crazy people that you never know what they are
going to do next.
11. I hope one day I will earn ……..……… much money that I won't have to work.
12. It was ……..……… an amazing movie that I saw it four times.
13. My son speaks English ……..……… fluently that everybody thinks he's an American.
14. I have never seen ……..……… a spectacular mountain before.
15. How dare you say ……..……… horrible things about your father!

too…to, enough to…

1. too เม่ือใชก้ ับ adjective และ adverb มคี วามหมายเชิงลบ คอื ‘มากเกินไป’ เชน่

This coffee is too sweet.

The car was travelling too fast.

2. enough มคี วามหมายวา่ ‘เพยี งพอ’ สามารถใช้ขยาย adjective และ adverb โดยไว้วางขา้ งหลงั ได้ เช่น

He’s good enough.

She runs quickly enough.

3. โครงสรา้ งประโยค too…to + infinitive = ....เกนิ กว่าจะ....ได้ เชน่

I was too busy to talk to her. ฉันยุ่งเกินกวา่ จะคุยกับเธอได้

It was too hot to go out. มันรอ้ นเกินกวา่ จะออกไปข้างนอกได้

The water was too cold to swim in. น้ำเยน็ เกินกว่าจะลงไปวา่ ยได้

4. โครงสร้างประโยค enough to + infinitive = ....พอทีจ่ ะ....ได้ เช่น

Your marks are good enough to study engineering at university.

คะแนนของคณุ ดีพอทจ่ี ะเรียนคณะวิศวกรรมศาสตร์ในมหาวิทยาลัยได้

KB YALA 11 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

I'm not tall enough to reach the top shelf.
ฉันไม่สงู พอทจ่ี ะเอ้ือมให้ถึงชัน้ บนสดุ ได้

Let’s Practice

Exercise 8: Combine the following sentences using so...that and too...to.
Ex: The place was very noisy. I couldn’t hear anything properly.

The place was so noisy that I couldn’t hear anything properly.
The place was too noisy to hear anything properly.
1. I know him very well. I don’t like him.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. She was very anxious about her husband. She could not think about anything else.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
3. She is very clumsy. She cannot handle glassware carefully.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
4. He is very poor. He cannot send his children to school.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
5. The puzzle was very difficult. I could not solve it.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
6. He is very strong. You cannot beat him.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
7. The house is very small. It cannot accommodate everybody.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

KB YALA 12 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

8. He is very stupid. He will not pass the test.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
9. He is very old. He cannot walk without support.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
10. She was very distressed. She could not answer my questions.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
11. You are very young. You cannot get married.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
12. She is very shy. She cannot perform on stage.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
13. His ideas are very complicated. I cannot comprehend them.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
14. The water is very salty. I cannot drink it.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
15. We arrived very late. We could not have dinner.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

KB YALA 13 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

Listening and Speaking Skill

Greeting and Saying Goodbye

How are you? – เป็นประโยคง่ายๆ แต่สำคัญใน
ภาษาอังกฤษ สามารถใช้ได้ในรูปแบบทั้งที่เป็นทางการและเป็น
กันเอง ในส่วนนี้ เราจะมาเรียนรู้การถาม How are you? และ
วิธีตอบรับแบบต่างๆ ซึ่งเราควรจะเลือกใช้ให้ถูกกาลเทศะและ
สถานการณ์ ตารางข้างล่างนี้เป็นการถาม How are you? แบบ
ตา่ งๆ ทพ่ี บเจอได้บ่อยในชวี ติ ประจำวัน

Hi, how are you? Hey, how's it going?
What are you up to? Yo, what's up?
Hey, how have you been? How's your day been?
Hey, what's new? How are things?
How’s everything? How are you doing today?

Hi, how are you?

เป็นวธิ ีทใี่ ชพ้ ดู บ่อยทส่ี ุด สามารถใช้ได้ทุกสถานการณ์ โดยปกตมิ กั จะใชเ้ ปน็ คำทักทายมากกว่าจะเป็น
คำถามทีต่ ้องการคำตอบ อีกวิธที ีใ่ ชถ้ ามคำถามเดียวกนั น้ี คือ How's it going? สว่ น How do you do? จะ
ใชใ้ นสถานการณท์ เี่ ป็นทางการ

Yo, what’s up?

เปน็ การถาม How are you? แบบเปน็ กนั เอง สามารถพูดได้อีกแบบคือ How's it hanging? เรา
จะใช้กับเพอื่ นสนิทหรือครอบครัวเท่านัน้ เช่นเดยี วกบั How are you? คือจะใช้เปน็ คำทักทายหรือเปน็
คำถามกไ็ ด้ วธิ ีการตอบเมื่อมีคนถาม What’s up? คือ Not much. You?

ก⁠ ารตอบรบั How are you?

มวี ิธตี อบได้หลายรูปแบบ ข้นึ อยูก่ ับสถานการณ์ กาลเทศะ และความรสู้ ึกของผูพ้ ูดในขณะน้นั ลองดตู ัวอย่างใน
ตารางต่อไปน้ี

KB YALA 14 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

I'm great. I'm doing pretty well, and you?
Things are great! I couldn't be better.
I can't complain. I've been busy.
Same as always. Not bad, and you?
Things could be better. I've been better.
I feel a little under the weather. Busy with work.

I’m great.

เปน็ การตอบทีใ่ ช้บอ่ ยทส่ี ุด บางคนก็ละคำวา่ I’m และพดู คำวา่ Great อย่างเดียว เชน่ Great, thanks.
มหี ลายวธิ ีทีจ่ ะตอบรับคำว่า I’m great. ได้ เชน่ That’s good to hear!

I couldn’t be better.

สำนวนนีม้ ีความหมายเดียวกันกับ I am doing really well. วธิ ีตอบรับก็เชน่ เดียวกันกบั I’m great.
คอื That’s good to hear.

I can’t complain.

การทไ่ี มส่ ามารถบน่ อะไรให้ฟังได้เท่ากับว่า เราสบายดี วธิ ตี อบรับนอกจาก That’s good to hear.
แลว้ ก็สามารถพูดไดว้ ่า ⁠I'm happy to hear that.

I’ve been busy.

เป็นการตอบคำถาม How have you been? เราสามารถใชร้ ูปแบบประโยค I’ve been + สภาพ/สถานะ/
ความรสู้ ึกได้ เช่น I’ve been good. ในการตอบรับอาจจะพดู ว่า Same with me กไ็ ด้.

Same as always.

ใชก้ ับคนที่รู้จักเราเป็นอย่างดี เพราะเขาจะรู้ได้ว่าเรา “เหมือนเดิม” ของเราคือแบบไหน เชน่ ถ้าคณุ มักจะงาน
ยุง่ คู่สนทนากจ็ ะเข้าใจวา่ คุณงานยงุ่ ตามปกติของคุณ มีหลายวธิ ีในการตอบเมอ่ื มีคนบอกวา่ งานยงุ่ วิธหี นึ่งคอื
ตอบว่า W⁠ ell, at least you're not doing too bad. หรอื I hope you get some free time
soon!.

KB YALA 15 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

I feel a little under weather

เปน็ สำนวนที่หมายความว่า “ปว่ ย” เม่อื มีคนบอกวา่ เขาป่วย เราสามารถตอบรบั ได้หลายวิธี เชน่ ⁠I
hope that you feel better soon. หรอื Get well soon.

การบอกลา (Saying Goodbye)

หลงั ที่ถามสารทุกข์สุกดบิ และมีบทสนทนากันแล้วก็ถึงเวลากลา่ วลา ในตารางข้างล่างนมี้ ีสำนวนการบอก
ลาอยหู่ ลายวิธี เราสามารถเลอื กใช้ไดต้ ามความเหมาะสม

Goodbye. It was nice talking to you!
Bye! See you!
Take care. Talk to you later.
Take it easy. Hope you feel better soon.
Have a good one. Cheerio! (British English)
Ta-ta (British English) Catch you later.

Take care

ปกตจิ ะใช้พดู กบั คนที่เราคิดว่าจะไม่ไดเ้ จอกันอีกเรว็ ๆ น้แี น่ๆ อีกวธิ หี น่งึ คือ Take it easy และ
⁠Look after yourself. ผฟู้ ังอาจจะตอบกลับมาว่า Thanks, you do the same.

Have a good one

เราสามารถพูดได้อกี อยา่ งคือ Have a good day. ทง้ั สองสำนวนเป็นวธิ ีท่สี ุภาพในการบอกลา
วธิ กี ารตอบรบั โดยปกติ คือ Thanks, you too.

Hope you feel better soon

ใช้เมือ่ บอกลาคนที่ป่วยหรอื คนทีก่ ำลังร้สู กึ แย่เพื่อใหก้ ำลังใจ การตอบรบั อาจจะพูดได้วา่ Thank
you, I appreciate that.

KB YALA 16 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

scan QR Code เพ่อื ฟัง ศึกษาการทักทายแบบต่างๆ ใน
การออกเสยี งแตล่ ะสำนวน แตล่ ะประเทศแตล่ ะวฒั นธรรม
โดย scan QR Code

Practice Dialogues

Dialogue 1
Lisa: Mark, what's up?
Mark: Hi Lisa. Nothing much. I'm just hanging out. What's up with you?
Lisa: It's a good day. I'm feeling fine.
Mark: How is your sister?
Lisa: Oh, fine. Not much has changed.
Mark: Well, I have to go. Nice seeing you!
Lisa: Later!

Dialogue 2
Anna: Oh, hello Chris. How are you doing?
Chris: I'm great. Thanks for asking. How are you?
Anna: I can't complain. Life is treating me well.
Chris: That's good to hear.
Anna: Good to see you again. I need to go to my doctor's appointment.
Chris: Nice seeing you.
Anna: See you later.

KB YALA 17 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

Dialogue 3 Informal Greetings
John: Good morning.
Peter: Good morning. How are you?
John: I'm very well thank you. And you?
Peter: I'm fine. Thank you for asking.
John: Do you have a meeting this morning?
Peter: Yes, I do. Do you have a meeting as well?
John: Yes. Well. It was a pleasure seeing you.
Peter: Goodbye.

Exercise 9: Put the phrases in the correct box.
Formal Greetings

Formal Farewells Informal Farewells

KB YALA 18 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

Exercise 10: write greeting-farewell dialogues according to the given situations.
Dialogue 1
Situation: Jack and Tom are very close friends. They haven’t seen each other for a while, because
Jack is always busy with work. One day, they meet at a coffee shop.
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Dialogue 2
Situation: Bella and Cindy work for the same company. They work in different departments. They
know each other, but they are not close. They meet in the elevator after work.
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KB YALA 19 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

Unit Myths and Legends
2

Reading Skill

Pre-Reading Activity
1. Match these myths and legends with their cultures.

1. Ra a. Greek
2. Izanagi and Izanagi b. British
3. Cupid and Psyche c. Norse
4. Thor d. Japanese
5. The Legend of King Arthur e. Egyptian

2. Answer these questions.
2.1 How many of these myths do you know?
2.2 What are myths and legend in your culture?
2.3 What is your favorite myth or legend?

During-Reading Activity

Read the passage about the Headless Horseman, one of the most famous American ghost
stories.

The Headless Horseman

The headless horseman is a New York ghost story. The legend goes like this - it
is said to have begun during the American Revolutionary war. It began near the
deserted roads of a little town, called Sleepy Hollow, near Tarrytown, New York.
It is said that the headless horseman was in fact, one of the many German
mercenaries by the British during the time of war. The soldier’s head was lost
during the war and his headless corpse was buried in an old church in Sleepy
Hollow.

One cold winter night, early in the New Year, a certain Dutchman left the tavern in Tarrytown and
started walking to his home in the hollow nearby. His path led next to the old Sleepy Hollow
cemetery where a headless Hessian soldier was buried.

At midnight, the Dutchman came within site of the graveyard. The weather
had warmed up during the week, and the snow was almost gone from the road.
It was a dark night with no moon, and the only light came from his lantern.
The Dutchman was nervous about passing the graveyard, remembering the
rumors of a galloping ghost that he had heard at the tavern. He stumbled along,
humming to himself to keep up his courage.

Suddenly, his eye was caught by a light rising from the ground in the cemetery.
He stopped; his heart was pounding in fear. Before his startled

KB YALA 20 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

eyes, a white mist burst forth from an unmarked grave and formed into
a large horse carrying a headless rider. The Dutchman let out a terrible
scream as the horse leapt toward him at a full gallop. He ran as fast as
he could, making for the bridge since he knew that ghosts and evil
spirits did not care to cross running water.

Suddenly, he stumbled and fell, rolling off the road
into a melting patch of snow. The headless rider thundered past him, and the
man got a second look at the headless ghost. It was wearing a Hessian
commander's uniform. The Dutchman waited a good hour after the ghost
disappeared before crawling out of the bushes and making his way home.

After fortifying himself with schnapps, the Dutchman told his wife about the
ghost. By noon of the next day, the story was all over Tarrytown. The good
Dutch folk were divided in their opinions. Some thought that the ghost must be
roaming the roads at night in search of its head. Others claimed that the Hessian soldier rose from
the grave to lead the Hessian soldiers in a charge up nearby Chatterton Hill, not knowing that the
hill had already been taken by the British.

Whatever the reason, the Headless Horseman continues to roam the roads near Tarrytown on dark
nights from that day to this.

Post-Reading Activity

Exercise 1: Answer the following questions.
1. What culture does this story belong to?
___________________________________________________________________________
2. When and where did the story take place?
___________________________________________________________________________
3. What did the Dutchman do to fight his fear while passing the cemetery?
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Who do the villagers think the Headless Horseman is?
___________________________________________________________________________
5. What do the villagers believe he is doing out at night?
___________________________________________________________________________

KB YALA 21 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

Homework 1

Exercise 2: Identify the part of speech and the meaning of the following words in the table
below.

No. Words Part of Meaning No. Words Part of Meaning
1 deserted speech 9 suddenly speech

2 mercenaries 10 startled

3 bury 11 leapt

4 tavern 12 stumble

5 cemetery 13 disappear

6 nervous 14 fortify

7 rumor 15 roam

8 keep up

Exercise 3: Complete each sentence below with the words from the above table.
1. Be careful! Don't ……………………... over these stones.
2. You're all doing a splendid job; ……………………...the good work!
3. The dog ……………………... over the gate into the field.
4. Many colleagues attended the funeral at Woodside ……………………....
5. Good eating habits help to ……………………... the body against disease.
6. It's perfectly normal to be ……………………... before a performance.
7. I could see no sign of life in the ……………………... town.
8. The magician made the rabbit ……………………... with a wave of his wand.
9. She stopped ……………………... and I almost bumped into her.
10. I heard a ……………………... that he was getting married soon.
11. Colombian police said the ……………………... were hired by drug traffickers.
12. For most of the year, farmers allow the sheep to ……………………... freely on the hillsides.
13. The ……………………... has been serving weary travelers for two and a half centuries.

KB YALA 22 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

14. She was ……………………... by a sudden movement in the shadowy hallway.
15. They dig a small hole in the sand to ……………………... their eggs.

Writing Skill

Past Simple & Past Continuous

1. โครงสร้างประโยค (Structure)

Past Simple

Subject + V2 (เตมิ ed /เปลยี่ นรปู )

Ex: A: Did you talk to Jenny yesterday?
B: Yes, I talked to her last night. / No, I didn’t talk to her.

Past Continuous

Subject + was/were + V-ing

Ex: A: What were you doing when you broke your leg?
B: I was riding a bicycle.

2. วธิ ีใช้

Past Simple

 ใช้กับเหตกุ ารณ์ทจ่ี บไปแล้วในอดตี ไม่มผี ลถงึ ปัจจุบัน

- I got up at 6.30 and had breakfast at 7.30
- He attended kindergarten at Anuban Yala School.

 ใช้กลา่ วถึงนสิ ัยหรอื กจิ วตั รท่ีเคยทำในอดีต แต่ตอนนี้เลิกทำไปแลว้

- He visited his grandmother every summer when she was alive.
- He used to drink 5 cups of coffee per day, but he stops drinking now.

KB YALA 23 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

Past Continuous

 ใช้กล่าวถงึ เหตุการณท์ ด่ี ำเนินอย่ใู นช่วงเวลาใดเวลาหนงึ่ ที่เฉพาะเจาะจงในอดีต เชน่

- She was cooking dinner at 6 p.m.
- They were watching TV at 8 p.m.

Past Simple + Past Continuous

 เรามกั จะใช้ past simple และ past continuous คู่กนั โดย

- ใช้ past continuous กล่าวถึงเหตกุ ารณใ์ นอดีตท่ี “เกิดข้ึนกอ่ นและกำลงั ดำเนนิ อยู่”
- ใช้ past simple กลา่ วถึงเหตกุ ารณท์ ่ี “เข้ามาแทรก/ขัดจงั หวะโดยท่ีเหตุการณแ์ รกกำลังดำเนนิ อยู่”
Ex: a. He was taking a shower when the phone rang.

กริยา ‘โทรศพั ท์ดัง’ เข้ามาแทรกกรยิ า ‘อาบน้ำ’ ท่ีกำลังดำเนนิ อยู่

b. Someone knocked on the door when she was preparing dinner
กริยา ‘เคาะประตู’ เข้ามาแทรกกรยิ า ‘เตรียมอาหาร’ ที่กำลงั ดำเนินอยู่
 หากเป็นเหตุการณ์ในอดีตทำกำลังดำเนินพร้อมกัน จะใช้ past continuous ทัง้ สองเหตกุ ารณ์

While he was taking a shower, she was preparing dinner.
กริยา ‘อาบนำ้ ’ กำลังดำเนนิ อย่พู ร้อมกับกริยา ‘เตรียมอาหารเยน็ ’

Let’s Practice

Exercise 4: Write the correct verb forms. Use Simple past or Past continuous.
1. We ............................... (sit) at the breakfast table when the doorbell ............................... (ring).
2. When they ............................... (leave) the museum, the sun ............................... (shine).
3. The students ............................... (play) cards when the teacher ............................... (come) in.
4. While the children ............................... (sleep), their parents ............................... (watch) TV.
5. It ............................... (start) to rain while she ............................... (water) the flowers in her
garden.
6. When I ............................... (open) the door, it ............................... (rain).
7. While Henry ............................... (have) a drink at the bar, his wife ...............................
(swim) in the sea.

KB YALA 24 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

8. He ............................... (hear) a loud bang while he ............................... (talk) to his friend.
9. While he ............................... (take) a shower, his dogs ............................... (eat) his steaks.
10. I ............................... (sweep) the floor when I ............................... (hear) a noise.
11. She ............................... (watch) TV when the doorbell ............................... (ring).
12. We ............................... (hear) a cry and ............................... (run) into the kitchen.
13. Susan and Sally ............................... (play) tennis when it ............................... (begin) to rain.
14. I think she ............................... (wear) her new hat when I ............................... (see) her at the
zoo.
15. They ............................... (have) their supper when they ............................... (hear) about the
accident.

Exercise 5: Write the correct verb forms. Use PRESENT SIMPLE, PRESENT
CONTINUOUS or PAST SIMPLE.
1. Can I talk to you? – No, you can´t. I ............................... (have) a bath.

2. She ............................... (listen) to music every morning.

3. When he ............................... (see) the accident yesterday, he ............................... (help) the
driver.

4. What ............................... (you/do)? – I ............................... (look) for my glasses.

5. They ............................... (bring/always) presents when they ............................... (visit) us.

6. When we ............................... (be) younger, we ............................... (think) Prague was in
France.

7. He ............................... (not/win) the award in 2006.

8. That´s typical! He ............................... (want) to win every time he ...............................
(participate) in a competition.

9. Be quiet, please. My children ............................... (try) to sleep.

10. Why ............................... (you/believe) him? He ............................... (tell/never) the truth. He
............................... (lie/always).

11. Where ............................... (she/be)? I ............................... (wait) for her.

12. ............................... (they/know) that water ............................... (boil) at 100 degrees Celsius?

13. My parents ............................... (build) the house in 1985.

14. He ............................... (not/marry) her because she ............................... (break) up with him
last year.

KB YALA 25 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

15. Look at her! She ............................... (sit) in the park over there. Isn´t she wonderful?

Synonyms and Antonyms

Synonym และ Antonym คืออะไร?

1. Synonym คือคำพ้องความหมาย หรอื คำท่ีมคี วามหมายคล้ายคลึงกัน หรอื คำทมี่ คี วามหมายใกลเ้ คียงกัน เช่น

big/large smart/clever pretty/beautiful

2. antonym คอื คำทม่ี คี วามหมายตรงกนั ข้ามกนั หรอื ขัดแย้งกนั เช่น

big/small smart/foolish pretty/ugly

ประโยชน์ของการเรียนรู้ synonym และ antonym คือ จะช่วยให้ผู้เรียนสามารถเรียนรู้คำศัพท์ใหม่ๆ
และเพิ่มคลังคำศัพท์ที่มีอยู่เดิม เทคนิคหนึ่งในการเรียนรู้คำศัพท์ใหม่คือการเรียนรู้ synonym และ antonym
ควบคู่กนั เราสามารถเรยี นรู้ synonym และ antonym โดยจัดหมวดหม่ตู าม part of speech ได้ เช่น

Adjectives

word synonym antonym Example sentences
big large small He has a big house in California.
difficult hard easy She has a small apartment in Manhattan.
new recent used The test was very difficult.
clean tidy dirty I think riding a bike is easy.
safe secure I bought a recent book.
friendly dangerous She drives a used car.
good outgoing unfriendly He keeps his house tidy.
cheap great The car is dirty and needs to be washed.
bad The money is secure in the bank.
inexpensive expensive Walking through downtown at midnight is dangerous.
Tom is outgoing with everyone.
There are many unfriendly people in this town.
That's a great idea!
He's a bad tennis player.
Homes are inexpensive at the moment.
That car is very expensive.

KB YALA 26 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021
interesting fascinating boring
quiet still noisy That's a fascinating story.
That TV show is boring.
It's nice and still in this room.
The children are very noisy today.

Nouns

word synonym antonym Example sentences
student pupil teacher The pupils are in their seats.
owner director employee The teacher began the class.
earth ground water The director hired three new people.
daylight night The employees are very happy with their jobs.
day question The ground here is very rich.
answer response You need water to live.
beginning start end It's daylight out. Get up!
man male woman I usually go to bed early at night.
puppy What is your response?
dog cuisine cat She asked him a number of questions.
food lad drink The start is at 8 am.
boy girl The end of the book is very good.
Tim is a male.
Jane is a woman.
I'd like to get a puppy.
The cat meowed so I let her in the house.
Let's eat some French cuisine tonight.
She had a drink after work.
The lad is waiting for you in the other room.
There are four girls in the class.

Verbs

word synonym antonym Example sentences
answer reply ask He did not reply to her question right away.
Can I ask you a question?
close shut open Will you shut the door, please?
Would you mind opening the window?

KB YALA 27 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

gain achieve lose We will use every possible means to achieve our objective.
leave exit arrive People do not know the blessing of health till they lose it.
give take Please exit by the fire escape.
choose provide reject She'll arrive in New York at noon.
shout select whisper We provide help to families in crisis situations.
start yell end Don't let him take away your freedom.
protect begin attack She lets her son select his own Christmas present.
hide defend reveal Sarah rejected her brother's offer of help.
conceal You don't have to yell; I can hear you.
You don't have to whisper, no one can hear us.
The leaves begin to fall when autumn comes.
Everyone applauded when the play ended.
We must defend our motherland from the enemy.
I was attacked by a dog.
He had to conceal his identity to escape the police.
I cannot reveal the identity of my source.

Adverbs

word synonym antonym Example sentences
fast
carefully quickly slowly He drives very quickly.

always I slowly walked through the park.
seriously
colorfully cautiously carelessly Tim walked cautiously through the room checking

everything.

Those who drive carelessly will probably have an accident.

all the time never She eats lunch at her desk all the time.

She never goes to the dentist.

thoughtfully thoughtlessly He thoughtfully answered the question.

She speaks about her private life thoughtlessly.

plainly brightly She painted the picture plainly.

He brightly spoke about his adventures.

นอกจากการเรียนรู้ synonym และ antonym โดยแบ่งตาม part of speech แลว้ เรายังสามารถแบ่ง
ตามหมวดหมู่อืน่ ๆ ได้อกี ด้วย เช่น หรือคำศัพทต์ ่างๆ ท่เี กี่ยวข้องกบั บ้าน โรงเรยี น หรอื สำนกั งาน เป็นต้น

KB YALA 28 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

Exercise 6: Choose the correct answer.

1. 'Big' and 'small' are... a. antonyms. b. synonyms.

2. 'Big' and 'large' are... a. antonyms. b. synonyms.

3. 'Black' and 'white' are... a. antonyms. b. synonyms.

4. 'Huge' and 'vast' are... a. antonyms. b. synonyms.

5. 'Huge' and 'tiny' are... a. antonyms. b. synonyms.

6. 'Dark' and 'light' are... a. antonyms. b. synonyms.

7. 'Fantastic' and 'wonderful' are... a. antonyms. b. synonyms.

8. 'Fantastic' and 'awful' are... a. antonyms. b. synonyms.

9. 'Dry' and 'wet' are... a. antonyms. b. synonyms.

10. 'Cheap' and 'costly' are... a. antonyms. b. synonyms.

11. 'Expensive' and 'costly' are... a. antonyms. b. synonyms.

12. 'Sad' and 'miserable' are... a. antonyms. b. synonyms.

13. 'Sad' and 'happy' are... a. antonyms. b. synonyms.

14. 'Terrific' and 'terrible' are... a. antonyms. b. synonyms.

15. 'Wonderful' and 'terrible' are... a. antonyms. b. synonyms.

16. 'Wonderful' and 'terrific' are... a. antonyms. b. synonyms.

17. 'Glad' and 'happy' are... a. antonyms. b. synonyms.

18. 'Dead' and 'alive' are... a. antonyms. b. synonyms.

Exercise 7: Choose the word closest in meaning to the underlined word.

1. The twins have distinct personalities; you can definitely tell them apart.

a. different b. strong

c. similar d. unusual

2. Megan decided to go for a stroll. It would feel good to stretch her legs and walk.

a. jog b. drive

c. walk d. swim

KB YALA 29 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

3. Joe leapt over the fence when he saw the dog chasing him.

a. hid b. screamed

c. attacked d. jumped

4. He is likely to lose his temper when people disagree with him.

a. choice b. mood

c. looks d. manner

5. Fires broke out everywhere, the entire city went up in flames.

a. half b. whole

c. most d. pure

6. Could you make it brief? I've got a meeting in ten minutes.

a. short b. near

c. soon d. close

7. She was very hurt by his harsh words.

a. pretty b. strange

c. cruel d. pleasant

8. In the story, a wicked witch put a curse on the princess for 100 years.

a. wrong b. evil

c. helpful d. kind

9. This river is over 500 meters broad at its widest point.

a. wide b. thin

c. deep d. thick

10. The two buildings are 200 meters apart.

a. together b. join

c. separate d. moving

11. Her skin is very tender, like a baby's.

a. mean b. popular

c. strong d. gentle

12. The theatre was packed for the opening night.

a. hollow b. empty

c. simple d. full

KB YALA 30 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

13. Let's not be hasty - sit down for a moment.

a. novel b. creative

c. hurry d. patient

14. Her bright clothes were not appropriate for a funeral.

a. common b. proper

c. wrong d. sweet

15. An eight-hour working day is still typical for many people.

a. normal b. special

c. unusual d. complete

Exercise 8: Choose the word which is opposite to the underlined word.

1. We didn't enjoy the day because the weather was so awful.

a. doubtful b. pitiful

c. terrible d. wonderful

2. My day began in the normal way, and then I received a very strange phone call.

a. easy b. typical

c. frightening d. tough

3. Mike doesn't study at all. Instead, he sits idle all day.

a. lazy b. loose

c. busy d. involved

4. He's so arrogant, he thinks he knows all the answers.

a. humble b. right

c. proud d. smooth

5. I'm totally upset that my boyfriend forgot my birthday.

a. pleased b. angry

c. mad d. shocked

6. I cannot solve this complicated problem.

a. crazy b. broken

c. simple d. fair

KB YALA 31 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

7. Don't be so extravagant, spend your money more carefully.

a. nervous b. expensive

c. shy d. economical

8. I was curious to know what would happen next.

a. casual b. snoopy

c. nosy d. uninterested

9. We were dressed up for the party but she was still in her ordinary clothes.

a. popular b. special

c. likeable d. expensive

10. This is a very potent drug and can have unpleasant side-effects.

a. super b. dreamy

c. weak d. alert

11. She was a courageous woman who never complained about her illness.

a. scared b. bored

c. friendly d. brave

12. Years of doing the same dull job can turn you into a machine.

a. boring b. rich

c. bright d. interesting

13. She was absolutely ecstatic when I told her the news.

a. very happy b. very sad

c. very proud d. very loud

14. Security personnel need to be more vigilant in checking bags and packages.

a. careless b. remote

c. faithful d. aware

15. We were silly, immature teenagers, and we didn't know any better.

a. retired b. seasoned

c. faithful d. experienced

KB YALA 32 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

Listening and Speaking Skill

Thanking and Response

เมือ่ เรากำลงั กา้ วออกจากรถพร้อมถือของพะรุงพะรงั แล้วก็
มีคนรู้จักเสนอความช่วยเหลือโดยการช่วยถือของให้ เราจะพูด
ขอบคุณเขาอย่างไร หรือเมื่อเรากำลังทุกข์ใจเพราะสตั ว์เล้ียงแสนรัก
หายออกจากบ้าน แต่เพื่อนบ้านแสนดีก็ช่วยตามหาทั้งวันทั้งคืนจน
เจอ เราจะพูดขอบคุณเขาอย่างไรดีให้เขารู้ว่าเราซาบซึ้งในบุญคุณ
เขามากแค่ไหน

การพูดขอบคุณนั้นเป็นสิ่งสำคัญและมีพลังมาก ถือเป็นมารยาททางสังคมที่ควรปฏิบัติตาม เป็นการ
แสดงออกถึงการรู้คุณคนและใหเ้ กียรติต่อผู้ทม่ี ีบุญคุณต่อเรา และยังเป็นสง่ิ ท่ที ำให้ผู้ฟังรู้สึกดีและยิ้มได้อีกด้วย เรา
สามารถพูดขอบคณุ ได้หลากหลายโอกาส ทัง้ แบบเป็นกันเองและเป็นทางการ ดงั น้ี

Thank you. / Thanks so much. / Thanks a lot. / Thanks a bunch. /
Thanks a ton. / Thanks!

สำนวนเหล่าน้เี ป็นการพดู ขอบคุณทใ่ี ช้ได้ในชีวิตประจำวนั แบบเป็นกันเอง เช่น เวลาท่ีเพ่ือนซ้ือขนม
มาฝาก หรือเพื่อนช่วยถือของให้ เป็นต้น เราสามารถพูดได้ดังนี้ “Thanks! You’re awesome for
thinking of me.”

I really appreciate it. / You shouldn’t have. / That’s very kind of you.

สำนวนเหล่านี้แสดงความซาบซึ้งขึ้นมาอีกระดับ อาจจะใช้เมื่อได้รับสิ่งของที่มีค่า หรือได้รับการ
ช่วยเหลือที่มีการลงทุนหรอื ลงแรง เช่น เพื่อนร่วมงานจัดปาร์ตี้เซอร์ไพรส์วนั เกดิ ให้ เราสามารถพูดรวมๆ กัน
เลยได้ว่า “I can’t believe you did this! You shouldn’t have. But thank you so much. This
was very kind of you.”

You’re the best. / I owe you one. / You rock.

สำนวนเหล่านี้เหมือน I really appreciate it. แต่มีความเป็นกันเองกว่า ใช้พูดกับเพื่อนสนิท เช่น
เวลาเพื่อนอยู่ช่วยทำโครงงานจนดึกทำให้งานเสร็จทันเวลา เราสามารถพูดได้ว่า “You’re the best. I
wouldn’t have finished this on time without you.”

KB YALA 33 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

What would I do without you? / I can’t thank you enough.

สำนวนเหล่าน้แี สดงความซาบซึ้งทม่ี ากกวา่ I really appreciate it. เชน่ กระเปา๋ เงินหายแลว้ มเี พื่อน
ช่วยตามหาให้รอบโรงเรียนจนเจอ เราอาจจะพูดได้ว่า “What would I do without you? You’re
wonderful.”

นอกจากนี้ ในบางสถานการณ์เรากจ็ ำเป็นต้องพูดขอบคณุ ในสถานการณ์ทเ่ี ปน็ ทางการมากขน้ึ เชน่ การ
เขยี นจดหมายขอบคุณ ขอบคุณแขกทม่ี าร่วมงานหรือขอบคุณลกู ค้า ก็จำเปน็ ทีจ่ ะตอ้ งใช้ภาษาท่ีเป็นทางการด้วย
ดงั น้ี

I’m so grateful for… / I’m so thankful for… / I truly appreciate for …
/ I’d like to express my appreciation/ gratitude for…

เราสามารถกล่าวถึงเรื่องที่ต้องการขอบคุณแบบเฉพาะเจาะจงได้โดยการเติม Gerund (verb+ing)
หรือ noun หลังคำว่า for ได้ เช่น “I’m so grateful for your help.” หรือ “On behalf of our
company, I’d like to express our appreciation for your business this year.

I’m eternally grateful for… / I want you to know how much I value… /
Words cannot describe how grateful I am for… / Please accept my
deepest thanks for…

ใช้เม่ือต้องการแสดงความซาบซ้ึงในบุญคุณอย่างมากกมาย เช่น เมือ่ เรากำลังเผชิญวิกฤติในชีวิตหรือ
กำลังผ่านช่วงเวลายากลำบาก แล้วมีคนช่วยเหลือเราให้ผ่านพ้นเรื่องเหล่านั้นมาได้ เราอาจจะพูดได้ว่า
“Words cannot express how grateful I am for your help after my mom passed away. I
was devastated and you helped me get through each day.”

การตอบรบั คำขอบคณุ (How to respond to Thank you) เราสามารถตอบรบั คำขอบคณุ ได้

หลากหลายวิธี ข้ึนอยู่กับสถานการณ์ เชน่

You’re welcome.

เป็นการตอบรับที่พบได้บ่อยที่สุด สามารถใช้ได้ทุกสถานการณ์ ไม่ว่าจะเป็นกันเองหรือเป็นทางการ
หรอื ใชก้ บั คนแปลกหน้ากไ็ ด้

KB YALA 34 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

Not at all.

เปน็ การตอบรบั อย่างสภุ าพ เมอ่ื ให้ผ้ฟู งั รบั รู้ว่าส่งิ ทเี่ ราช่วยเหลือไมใ่ ชเ่ ร่อื งลำบากอะไรเลย

Anytime

ใช้กับคนสนิท หรือคนที่เราเคยให้ความช่วยเหลือในอดีต เป็นการตอบรับที่บ่งบอกว่าเรายินดีช่วย
เสมอเม่อื เขาต้องการความชว่ ยเหลือ

Not a problem. / No worries. / It was no big deal. / No biggie.

ใช้กับคนสนทิ เม่อื ต้องการใหผ้ ู้ฟงั รู้ว่าส่งิ ท่ีเราใหห้ รือชว่ ยเหลอื ไปไม่ใช่เร่ืองใหญ่หรือลำบากอะไรนัก

Think nothing of it. / Don’t mention it. / That’s okay.

ใชเ้ ม่อื ตอ้ งการใหผ้ ูฟ้ งั รวู้ า่ แคค่ ำขอบคุณก็เพยี งพอแล้วเม่อื ผู้ฟงั เสนอจะใหอ้ ะไรบางอย่างเป็นการตอบ
แทนทชี่ ว่ ยเหลอื

I’m always happy to help. / I’m glad I could help.

ใชไ้ ดท้ ้ังแบบเป็นกนั เองและทางการ เพื่อใหผ้ ฟู้ ังร้วู ่าเรายนิ ดใี ห้ความช่วยเหลือ

It was my pleasure. / My pleasure. / The pleasure was all mine.

เป็นการพูดแทน You’re welcome. ท่ีสุภาพมากๆ เพอ่ื ให้ผฟู้ ังรับร้วู ่าเรายินดที จ่ี ะช่วยอยา่ งเตม็ ใจ

You’d do the same.

ใช้พูดกับคนที่สนิทที่บางครั้งไม่จำเป็นต้องพูด You’re welcome. เพราะเรารู้ว่าเขาจะให้ความ
ชว่ ยเหลือเราเหมอื นท่ีเราทำใหเ้ ขาเชน่ กนั

Sure.

ใชพ้ ดู เมอื่ ต้องการหลีกเล่ียงการขอบคุณยืดยาว เพราะเร่ืองท่ีทำใหเ้ ป็นเร่ืองเล็กน้อยมากๆ ส่วนใหญ่
จะใชใ้ น American English มากกวา่

KB YALA 35 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

Practice Dialogues

Dialogue 1
Jane: Oh, hello, Betty, how are you?
Betty: Much better. I just wanted to call you to let you know how much I appreciated the flowers
you sent me.
Jane: I’m glad you like them. Your husband said yellow roses were your favorite.
Betty: Yes, they are, and these are certainly beautiful. Thank you so much.
Jane: You’re very welcome. I just hope you’re feeling better.
Betty: Oh, I am. In fact, the doctor says I can go home the day after tomorrow.
Jane: That’s great!

Dialogue 2
Anne: Hi, Kate. What are you doing?
Kate: Hi, Anne. I’m cleaning my room. As you can see, it’s so messy.
Anne: I think you’re right. Let me help you.
Kate: Oh! I owe you one, Anne.
Anne: Think nothing of it. What are friends for?

Exercise 9: Put the phrases in the correct box. Informal ways to say Thank you
Formal ways to say Thank you

KB YALA 36 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

Formal response to Thank you Informal response to Thank you

Exercise 10: write dialogues according to the given situations.
Situation 1: You and your classmate are good friends. Both of you took the final exam last week.
After you find out that both of you have passed the exam, you tell him the result immediately.
Your classmate thanks you and says that he will invite you out for dinner tonight.
______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Situation 2: Your neighbor is going shopping in a big department store. She stops by your house
to ask if you would like to go shopping with her. You really want to go but you are quite busy at
the moment, so you ask your neighbor to buy what you need for you and then thank her.
______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

KB YALA 37 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

Unit Mother Nature
3

Reading Skill

Pre-Reading Activity

Choose true or false in response to the following statements.

_____1. Polar bears are less affected by global warming than many other species.
_____2. Polar bears are the first animal in the endangered species list made by the USA’s
Endangered Species Act.

_____3. Hydro-electricity power is one of the renewable energy sources.

_____4. People are more interested in protecting plants or insects than large animals.

_____5. Many species have been taken off the endangered species list due to increased
populations.

During-Reading Activity

Did you know that the Arctic is warming faster than any other place in the world? Read the
passage and find out what this means for our polar bears in this reading exercise.

Polar Bear Makes the List

In spring 2008, the polar bear was placed on the endangered species list. According to the USA's
Endangered Species Act, an endangered species is an animal, plant or any other kind of wildlife
that is likely to face extinctione in its natural habitat. Polar bears had already been categorized as
a "threatened" species which the ESA defines as one that is likely to become "endangered" in the
foreseeable future.

The polar bear is the first animal that has been classified as endangered due primarily to global
warming. Global warming is a form of climate change caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide
and other greenhouse gases that become trapped in the atmosphere. Oil and gas heaters, engines
using oil or petrol (or gasoline) and coal-powered electricity plants all require fossil fuels that lead
to global warming.

Renewable energy sources or renewables that don't cause global warming include solar, wind and
hydro-electricity power. These alternative forms of power, as well as the science of climate change,
have been strongly attacked by many of the world's biggest companies in order to protect the huge
profits they make from fossil fuels. They do this even though they're fully aware of how much
fossil fuels are damaging our planet and endangering many of the species we share it with.

The polar bear's habitat is more vulnerable to global warming than many other species. Polar bears
live mainly on the sea ice in the Arctic. This is where they hunt for fish and build up fat reserves.
When the ice melts many polar bears move to land and live off their stored fat. In the Arctic, global
warming is causing the ice to melt slightly earlier and form slightly later. This results in a shorter

KB YALA 38 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

feeding season for the polar bear. Some risk their lives to find ice. If they have to swim too far,
they will drown from exhaustion and hunger. The World Wildlife Fund estimates that over 25%
of Arctic sea ice has disappeared in the past 30 years.

It is not only the polar bear that is at risk in the Arctic. Every species of plant, animal, and insect
there is threatened by global warming. Nevertheless, groups of concerned scientists and
environmentalists such as the World Wildlife Fund often study large carnivores in order to assess
the health of an ecosystem. The Arctic food chain relies on the polar bear. In addition, donations
are more commonly offered for the protection of large animals such as bears or elephants. People
in general are less interested in conservation efforts that protect small wildlife, such as plants or
insects. However, by using donor money to protect the habitats of larger animals through
reforestation and similar programs, entire ecosystems with many threatened or endangered species
can be saved.

It is important that animals such as the polar bear make it onto the endangered species list. Once
they are on the list there are laws that protect these animals from being hunted for food or sport.
Agencies also receive money and tools to protect the habitat and recover the species. The goal of
removing the animal from the list is often achievable. Since the Endangered Species Act was
introduced in the US in 1973, many species have been taken off the list due to increased
populations. In fact, it is rare for a species to go extinct after they make the list. Sadly, many species
do go extinct while waiting for consideration.

Post-Reading Activity

Exercise 1: Answer the following questions.
1. What do you call the place where a species lives and reproduces?
___________________________________________________________________________
2. What major change has occurred in the polar bear's natural habitat?
___________________________________________________________________________
3. What type of energy contributes to global warming?
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Why do certain companies use money and political influence to attack climate science and
renewables?
___________________________________________________________________________
5. What happens to species that make it onto the endangered species list?
___________________________________________________________________________

KB YALA 39 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

Homework 1

Exercise 2: Identify the part of speech and the meaning of the following words in the table
below.

No. Words Part of Meaning No. Words Part of Meaning
speech 9 vulnerable speech

1 endangered

2 habitat 10 reserves

3 foreseeable 11 exhaustion

4 atmosphere 12 ecosystem

5 plant 13 rely on

6 fuel 14 reforestation

7 renewable 15 go extinct

8 alternative

Exercise 3: Complete each sentence below with the words from the above table.
1. Young birds are very ……………………... to predators.
2. Many working women ……………………... relatives to help take care of their children.
3. The nuclear power ……………………... produces a quantity of electricity.
4. Dinosaurs ……………………... about 65 million years ago, after living on Earth for about 165
million years.
5. The elderly population is expected to continue growing, in the ……………………... future, but
at a slower rate than in the recent past.
6. The society was set up to preserve ……………………... species from extinction.
7. The ……………………... programme, targeting to plant 7 . 5 million trees over a seven-year
period, is on its way.
8. Environmentalists would like to see fossil fuels replaced by ……………………... energy
sources.
9. These factories are releasing toxic gases into the ……………………....

KB YALA 40 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

10. Coral reefs are home to over 25% of all marine life, and are the world's most fragile and
endangered ……………………....
11. The forest provides a ……………………... for hundreds of species of plants and animals.
12. We still have food ……………………... in case of emergency.
13. Doctors these days tend to be more open-minded about ……………………... medicine.
14. Wood, coal, oil, petrol and gas are all different kinds of ……………………....
15. Many runners were suffering from heat ……………………....

Writing Skill

Future Simple & Present Continuous (be going to)

1. โครงสร้างประโยค (Structure)

Future Simple

Subject + will + infinitive

Ex: Jack will call Maggie later.
Nora will visit her grandmother this Saturday.
Present Continuous (be going to)
Subject + is/am/are + going to + infinitive

Ex: It is going to rain soon.
They are going to clean up the beach this weekend.

KB YALA 41 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

2. วิธีใช้ (Usage) - It will rain.
- I think he will win the game.
คาดการณ์
อนาคต

Future Simple ตดั สินใจ - I will turn on the A/C.
Note: กระทันหนั /สัญญา/ - I will go shopping with you tomorrow.
แสดงความเต็มใจ - Will you carry this bag for me?

Be Going To

- The sky is getting darker and darker. คาดการณอ์ นาคตที่
It is going to rain soon. มหี ลกั ฐานชัดเจน

- My sister is nine months pregnant.
She is going to go into labor soon.

Note: แผนการ/ความตั้งใจ

- I’m going to see my doctor tomorrow.

- A: We’re run out of milk.
B: I know, I’m going to buy some this afternoon.

KB YALA 42 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

Let’s Practice

Exercise 4: Choose the correct option
1. What are your plans for the weekend? I (will/am going to) visit my grandmother.
2. If you don’t stop bullying her, I (will/am going to) tell the teacher.
3. Watch out! You (will/are going to) trip over the cable.
4. Minnie is always late. I'm sure she (will/is going to) be late tomorrow, too.
5. Look! They (will/are going to) wash the car.
6. Would you like tea or coffee? I (will/am going to) have coffee.
7. I don't think they (will/are going to) spend their holidays by the sea again.
8. It’s 5 o'clock already. We (will/are going to) miss the bus.
9. It's starting to rain. I (will/am going to) put up the umbrella.
10. Look at the clouds! It (will/is going to) rain soon.

Exercise 5: Write ‘future Simple’ or ‘be going to’.
1. A: I can't hear the television!

B: I …………………………..………… (turn) it up so you can hear it.
2. Ted: It is so hot in here!

Sarah: I …………………………..………… (turn) the air-conditioning on.
3. A: Why are you holding a piece of paper?

B: I …………………………..………… (write) a letter to my friends back home in Texas.
4. We are so excited about our trip next month to France. We …………………………..… (visit)
Paris, Nice and Grenoble.
5. A: I'm about to fall asleep. I need to wake up!

B: I …………………………..………… (get) you a cup of coffee. That will wake you up.

KB YALA 43 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

6. A: Excuse me, I need to talk to someone about our hotel room. I am afraid it is simply too

small for four people.
B: That man at the service counter …………………………..………… (help) you.
7. I think he …………………………..………… (be) the next Prime Minister.
8. As soon as the weather clears up, we …………………………..………… (walk) down to the
beach and go swimming.
9. After I graduate, I …………………………..………… (attend) medical school and become a
doctor. I have wanted to be a doctor all my life.
10. Sarah ………………………… (come) to the party. Oliver …………………….…… (be)
there as well.

Modal Verbs

Modal Verb คือ verb ชนิดหนึ่งที่บอก ทัศนภาวะ (Modality) เช่น ความเป็นไปได้, ความสามารถ,
ความจำเป็น, ข้อบังคับ, การแนะนำ เป็นต้น modal verb ที่ใช้บ่อย ๆ ได้แก่ can, could, may, might,
must, should, need, have to, will, would เป็นต้น modal verb จะใช้รว่ มกับ infinitive

1. การบอกความสามารถ (ability) สามารถใช้ can, could, และ be able to

can could be able to

บอกความสามารถท่วั ไปใน บอกความสามารถท่วั ไปใน บอกความสามารถได้ทกุ tense เช่น

ปัจจุบนั อดตี - I am able to dance.

เช่น I can speak Chinese. เช่น I could ride a bicycle - He was able to pass the exam.

when I was 5 years old. - They will be able to come here

tomorrow.

- I have been able to swim since I

was 3 years old

*be ผันตาม subject และ tense

*Note: การใช้ be able to ในรูปปัจจุบันและอดีตจะเป็นการบอกความสามารถที่เฉพาะเจาะจงหรือเฉพาะ

สถานการณ์น้ันๆ เช่น She was able to pass the Maths exam yesterday. (สอบผ่านเฉพาะข้อสอบชดุ นั้น)

KB YALA 44 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

เราสามารถบอกระดับของความสามารถได้ ดังนี้ She can sing really/very well. > She can sing
well. > She can sing quite/pretty well. > She cannot sing at all.

เราสามารถบอกความสามารถโดยใช้ be good at และ be bad at ได้ เช่น
Mary is good at Arts, but she is really bad at Maths. แมรีเ่ ก่งวชิ าศิลปะแตไ่ มเ่ กง่ คณิตเลย

2. การอนุญาต (permission) สามารถใช้ can, could, และ may เช่น

• Can I use your phone? ขอใชโ้ ทรศัพท์คุณไดไ้ หม
• Could I use your phone? ขอใชโ้ ทรศพั ทค์ ุณไดไ้ หม (สุภาพ/ทางการกว่า can)
• May I use your phone? ขอใช้โทรศพั ท์คุณได้ไหม (สภุ าพ/ทางการกว่า could)

3. การบอกความเป็นไปได้ (possibility) สามารถใช้ may, might, และ could เช่น

• She may come. เธออาจจะมา (มีความเปน็ ไปได)้
• She could come. เธออาจจะมา (มีความเปน็ ไปไดน้ อ้ ยกว่า)
• She might come. เธออาจจะมา (พอจะมีความเปน็ ไปได้ แต่ผพู้ ดู มคี วามม่นั ใจน้อยมาก)

4. ขอ้ บงั คบั หรือความจำเปน็ (obligation and necessity) สามารถใช้ must, need และ have to เชน่

• have to ใชบ้ อกถงึ ส่งิ ท่ีตอ้ งทำตามขอ้ บงั คบั หรือกฎหมาย เช่น

Children have to go to school. John has to wear a tie to work.

• must ใชบ้ อกถงึ สงิ่ ท่ี ‘ผพู้ ูด’ คิดว่าต้องทำหรอื จำเป็นตอ้ งทำ เชน่

I must stop smoking. He must work harder.

*หากเป็นรูปปฏิเสธจะใชก้ ับส่ิงทเี่ ป็นขอ้ ห้าม เชน่ Policemen must not drink on duty.

• การกลา่ วถึงสง่ิ ที่ ‘ไม่จำเปน็ ’ ตอ้ งทำ เราสามารถใช้ don’t have to และ needn’t หรอื don’t need

to

You don’t have to get up early. I needn’t/don’t need to work next Monday.

5. การแนะนำ (giving advice) สามารถใช้ should, ought to และ had better เช่น

• You should see a doctor. คุณควรไปพบแพทย์
• You ought to see a doctor. คณุ ควรไปพบแพทย์ (ไมต่ า่ งจาก should ใช้แทนกนั ได้)
• You had better see a doctor. คุณควรไปพบแพทย์ (บ่งบอกโดยนัยว่าหากไม่ทำตามคำแนะนำจะมี

ผลเสียตามมาภายหลงั )

KB YALA 45 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

Exercise 6: Write the best modal for each sentence (ability)
1. ………………………….. you hear the fireworks from your house last night?
2. I ………………………….. touch my toes. See!
3. I ………………………….. spend another moment in that restaurant. It was too noisy.
4. I ………………………….. never seem to get the temperature right.
5. ………………………….. you play an instrument?
6. I'm afraid I ………………………….. attend the meeting, I’m on business in Japan.
7. They ………………………….. save the men from the sinking ship.
8. I ………………………….. walk when I was less than a year old.
9. My grandfather ………………………….. walk without any help last night.
10. Do you think you ………………………….. write that report by Tuesday? I know you’re very
busy.

Exercise 7: Choose the correct options. (possibility)
1. (May/Can) dogs fly? No, of course not!
2. George is absent from class today. He (is able to be/could be) sick.
3. Don't ring the doorbell when you get there. Maria's little baby (can be/might be) sleeping.
4. Kevin was disappointed because he (wasn’t be able to/may not) get tickets for the football
game last night.
5. (May/Could) you play the piano when you were a child?
6. I'm going to bring an umbrella today because it (can/might) rain.
7. James and Sara were so sad because they (could not/might not) go to their brother's wedding.
They were too sick.
8. I'm sorry. I (may not/cannot) hear you. Please speak more loudly.
9. I (cannot/might not) go to school tomorrow because I'm feeling sick right now. I'm not sure.

KB YALA 46 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

10. A: What are you going to do on the weekend?

B: I'm not sure yet. We (are able to/might) go to a movie or we (are able to/might) stay
home and relax.

Exercise 8: Write the best modal for each sentence. (obligation and necessity)
1. We …………….. be quiet. Kathy is sleeping.
2. You …………….. speak on the mobile phone on a plane.
3. A: Mom, I don't want to clean my room. …………………..……….. it right now?

B: Yes, right now.
4. When a police officer asks to see your driver's license, you …………….. to him/her.
5. According to the law, drivers …………….. at stop signs.
6. It's raining outside. Tim …………….. take his umbrella.
7. I can give you my car, so you …………….. buy a new one.
8. They …………….. be in a hurry, because they have got more than enough time.
10. Mrs. Parks can't see very well. She …………….. wear glasses.
11. I don't like these clothes, but I …………….. wear them at work.
11. You …………….. stop smoking. It is very harmful.
13. All the students ……………..obey the school rules.
14. It's freezing outside, so we …………….. take a taxi and not walk.
15. You …………….. put salt in her food; the doctor said she can't eat salt.

Exercise 9: Write the best modal for each sentence. (giving advice)
1. My mother isn’t feeling well, so I told her that she ………….……….. go to the doctor.
2. A: I think the grade my teacher gave me on my test is wrong.

B: Really? You ………….……….. talk to her after class.

KB YALA 47 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

3. You ………….……….. shout at your sister or I'll punish you!
4. You ………….……….. eat fast food, otherwise you'll gain weight.
5. I saw a really great action movie last night. You ………….……….. see it.
6. I’m going to visit your country. Where ………….……….. I go if I want to go shopping?
7. You need your sleep. You ………….……….. stay up late.
8. You ………….……….. be late again or you’ll lose your job.
9. It’s raining and I don’t want to get my dress wet. I ………….……….. bring an umbrella.
10. I need help, doctor. My baby doesn’t sleep well. What ………….……….. I do?

Asking for help Listening and Speaking Skill

Steve Jobs เคยกล่าวไวว้ ่า
“คนส่วนใหญไ่ ม่เคยยกโทรศัพท์โทรหาใครสกั คนเพือ่ ขอ
ความช่วยเหลือ และนัน่ คือส่ิงทแี่ บ่งแยกคนที่พูดจริงทำจรงิ
ออกจากคนท่เี อาแตฝ่ ันกลางวนั ”

เราจะเห็นไดว้ ่า Steve Jobs เป็นคนทีก่ ล้าทีจ่ ะขอความช่วยเหลือเม่อื เขาต้องการ และน่ีกเ็ ป็นจุดเร่ิมตน้ ท่ี
ทำให้เขาประสบความสำเร็จ การขอช่วยเหลือถอื ว่าเปน็ ศิลปะอยา่ งหนึ่ง เพราะเราจำเป็นต้องใชท้ ักษะและคำนึงถึง
มารยาทและกาลเทศะในการขอความชว่ ยเหลอื ดว้ ย การขอความช่วยเหลอื ในสถานการณ์ทพี่ บได้บ่อย คือ การขอ
ความช่วยเหลือจากคนแปลกหน้า เช่น การถามทาง การถามข้อมลู เป็นตน้ การขอความชว่ ยเหลอื ในภาษาอังกฤษ
มหี ลายวิธี ข้นึ อยู่กบั สถานการณ์และผทู้ ี่เราสนทนาดว้ ย

การขอความช่วยเหลืออย่างง่ายท่สี ดุ คอื การใช้ modal verbs: can และ could ซง่ึ could จะมีความ
สภุ าพกวา่ can เชน่

Can you help me? Can you tell me the way to the post office?

KB YALA 48 Instructor: Kru Opal

M.4 – E31101 English Language 1 Semester 1 Academic Year 2021

Can you carry this box for me? Can you teach me how to do it?
Could you help me, please? Could you tell me the way to the post office?

สำนวนในภาษาองั กฤษท่ีหมายความว่า “ช่วยเหลือ” นอกจากคำว่า help แลว้ มีดงั นี้

To give/lend someone a hand. Can you lend me a hand?
Could you lend me a hand?
Can you give me a hand? I wonder if you could lend me a hand.
Could you give me a hand?
I wonder if you could give me a hand.

To do someone a favor

Can you do me a favor?
Could you do me a favor?
I wonder if you could do me a favor.

To ask a favor

Can I ask a favor?
Could I ask a favor?
I wonder if I could ask a favor.

Subject + could use/do with + some help

I could use some help.
I could do with some help.

Note: 1. การใช้ could จะมคี วามเปน็ ทางการและสุภาพกวา่ can
2. การใช้คำว่า please จะทำใหป้ ระโยคสุภาพขน้ึ อกี เช่น Could you please help me? หรือ Could

you help me, please?

KB YALA 49 Instructor: Kru Opal