स्वास्थ्य, शारीरिक तथा सिर्जनात्मक कला कक्षा ४

afbndf km;s] f] xjfOh{ xfh

d/] f] an / d]/f] ss' '/

lrl8ofvfgfdf d / d/] f] efO

96 rGbd| fsf] ofqf

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;h{gfTds snf, sIff $

syfdf cfwfl/t /]vflrq (Drawings based on story)

ljBfyL{x¿ syf ;G' b} u/]sf]

syfcg';f/ ljBfyLn{ ] agfPsf] lrq

syf ;G' g ;an} fO{ dg k5{ . kf7\ok':tsdf klg ljleGg y/Lsf syfx¿ x'G5g\ . sg' }
syfx¿ u?' x¿n] klg eGg'xG' 5 xfn] f . o:tf syf ;'g/] jf k9/] tL syfaf/] lrq
agfpg ;lsG5 .

ljm| ofsnfk !)=^

kf7\ok:' tsdf ePsf kf7x¿af/] 5nkmn u/L tL kf7x¿dWo]af6 tkfO“{nfO{ dg
kg]{ ljifodf /v] flrq agfpg'xf];\ .

lzIf0f lgbz{] gM

lzIfsn] lrqsnf;DaGwL lj|mofsnfk u/fpFbf ljBfyLx{ ¿nfO{ ;s;] Dd pTk/]| 0ff x'g] u/L cWofkg
u/fpgx' f;] \ . pgLx¿nfO{ ;s;] Dd xa' x' lrq agfpgeGbf efjgf / ljrf/sf k:| tl' tnfO{ kf| yldstf
lbO{ lrq agfpg kf| ]T;flxt ug{x' f];\ . /]vfªs\ g ug{c' ufl8 sIffsf7] fdf ljleGg /v] flrq kb| zg{
u/L 5nkmn u/fpgx' f;] \ .

/v] fªsg ubf{ j:t'sf] lrq agfpg] sfo{ dfq gu/fO{ To; j:td' f ePsf u'0f, h:t} M tL slt
df]6f, dl;gf, kftnf, v;f| ], lrNnf] tyf ltgsf gfk / /ª cflb af/]df klg rrf{ ug{ nufpgx' f];\ .

lrq agfpg nufpFbf ;s];Dd kf7\ok':tsdf lbOPsf ljifoj:t'eGbf klg pgLx¿n] k9\g]
u/]sf lrqkl' :tsf :jf:Yo, zf/Ll/s, ;fdflhs g]kfnL h:tf ljifodf ePsf ljifoj:t'nfO{ s]

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;hh{ gfTds snf, sIff $ 97

lGbt| u/L lrq /rgf u/fpFbf k|efjsf/L x'G5, h:t}M dnfO{ dg kg{] vfgs] /' f, 3/6f]nsf] ;/;kmfO,
l5ds] LnfO{ ;xofu] , JolStut ;/;kmfO,{ :jf:Yo, d}n] hrF fpg] 7fpF cflb . ljifoj:ta' f/] 5nkmn
ubf{ sIff $ sf l;sfO pknlAw k"/f xg' ] u/L ug'{ pkoS' t dflgG5 .

ljBfyLn{ ] xa' x' gSsn ug{ vfH] bf lg/f; xg' ,] cfkm\ gf] efjgf k:| km'6g gxg' ] x'bF f ;s];Dd pgLx¿n]
agfPsf sfo{nfO{ kf| T] ;fxg ug{'xf];\ .

ljBfyLx{ ¿sf] cg'ej -experiences_ u/s] f, ¿lr -interest_ / sNkgfsf ljifoj:t'df
-Imagination_ a9L hf8] lbg'xf];\ . lrqsnf l;k dfq x}g cfkm\ gf efjgf JoSt ug]{ pTsi[ 6

dfWod klg xf] eGg] s'/fdf hf]8 lbgx' f;] \ .

/ª (Colours)

xfd|f] jl/kl/ xfdL ljleGg j:t'x¿ bV] g ;S5fF} . tL j:t'df xfdL y/Ly/Lsf /ªx¿
b]Vg ;S5fF} . Pp6} j:td' f klg uf9f jf lkmSsf u/L w]/} /ªsf kj| l[ t bV] g ;lsG5 .
kfgL /ª, kl] G;n /ª, jm| o] g, kf:] 6/ /ª / tn] /ª cflb u/L ljleGg ks| f/sf xG' 5g\ .
o;} u/L clj/, sz] /L, /ftf]df6f], a;] f/ gL/ cflb .

kf| ylds /ª -Primary colour_

/ftf], lgnf] / kxnF] f] /ªnfO{ dn" /ª cyft{ -Primary colour_ elgG5 .

98 :jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;h{gfTds snf, sIff $

;]s]G8/L /ª -Secondary colour_

bO' { dn" /ªnfO{ ld;fP/ aGg] /ªnfO{ dfWolds /ª -secondary colour_ elgG5 .

+ ++

lj|mofsnfk !)=&
tkfOn{“ ] k|of]u ug{] bf“t dfe\mg] a'?;, g'xfpg] ;fag' h:tf :jf:Yo ;fdu|Lsf] lrq
agfO{ k|fylds /ª / dfWolds /ª nufpgx' f];\ .

uf9f /ª / lkmSsf /ª

tn lbOPsf /ªnfO{ cjnfs] g ugx{' f];\ . tn lbOPsf /ªdf uf9fbl] v lkmSsf /
lkmSsfb]lv uf9f bv] fOPsf] 5 . s'g} klg /ªdf ;t] f] /ªsf] ld>0faf6 lkmSsf / sfnf]
/ªsf] ld>0faf6 pSt /ª uf9f xb' } hfG5 .
/ªnfO{ lkmSsf agfpg ;t] f] /ª ld;fpb“ f

/ªnfO{ uf9f agfpg sfnf] /ª ld;fpb“ f

l;;fsndaf6 uf9f /ª

l;;fsndnfO{ k6s k6s /u8]/ 5fof sfnf] agfpg ;lsG5 . o;/L l;;fsndsf]
ko| fu] ubf{ k6s k6s -first coat, second coat_ ub{} uf9f ug{ ;lsG5 . uf9f

/ª / lkmSsf /ªsf gd'gfx¿ tn lbOPsf 5g\ cjnf]sg ug'x{ f];\ .

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;hh{ gfTds snf, sIff $ 99

l;;fsndaf6 Ps k6s bf];f| ] k6s
/u8]sf] - first coat_ -second coat_

t;] f| ] k6s rfy} f] k6s l;;fsndaf6 5fof kf/L agfPsf] cfsf/
-third coat_ -fourth coat_

ljBfyL{nfO{ sg' } klg j:ts' f] pHofnf] efu / 5fof k/s] f] efu /fd|f];“u cjnf]sg
u/fpg'xf];\ . tL j:ts' f] 5fof k/]sf] efu uf9f x'G5 / k|sfz k/s] f] efu lkmSsf xG' 5
eGg] s'/f a'emfpgx' f];\ .

ljm| ofsnfk !)=*

rf/cf]6f a]Unfa]Un} sf]7f agfO{ l;;fsndn] 5fofsf r/0fx¿sf] klxnf]
-first coat_ b]lv rf}yf] k6s -fourth coat_ cEof; u/fpgx' f];\ .

cjnfs] gåf/f lrq lgdf{0f

s'g} klg j:t'sf] cjnf]sg
u/L To;sf] lrq lgdf{0f ug{
;lsG5 . cjnf]sg ubf{ tL
j:ts' f] afx\o ¿kaf/] cWoog ug{
;lsG5 . sg' } klg j:ts' f] cjnfs] g ub{}
/v] fªs\ g u/L /ª nufO{ lrq k"/f
ug{ ;lsG5 .

100 cjnfs] g u/L agfPsf] lrq

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;h{gfTds snf, sIff $

dx' f/ lrq -Portrait_

sg' } klg JolStsf] d'xf/ lrq agfpg'nfO{ kf6] 6«] elgG5 . lrq ;?' ug{'eGbf klxn]
cfkm\ gf] ;fyLsf] dx' f/ s:tf] 5 cjnf]sg ug{] . d'xf/ lrq agfpbf cfk\mgf ;fyLnfO{
gd'gf /fv]/ lrq sf]g{] k|of; ugk{' 5{ .

ljm| ofsnfk !)=(

tkfO{“n] cfk\mgf cg'xf/ xTs]nfn] 5fDg'xf];\, cg'xf/ af6'nf], rf/kf6],
ufn] f], a]ngfsf/ jf cfoftsf/ s:tf] 5, ljrf/ ug'{xf];\ . s] tkfO“{sf] gfs
clnslt dfly p7s] f] 5 < cf“vf clnslt u9s] f] 5 < ca tkfO{“sf] cg'xf/
;Dem/] d'xf/ lrq agfpg] sfl] ;; ug'x{ f];\ .

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;h{hgfTds snf, sIff $ 101

ljm| ofsnfk !=!
bO' { b'O{ hgfsf] ;d"x agfpgx' f];\ . Psn] csf]s{ f] dv' xb] }{ kfn}kfnf] d'xf/ lrq
agfpg] cEof; ug{'xf;] \ .

lzIf0f lgbz{] g

ljBfyLn{ fO{ lrq agfpg nufpFbf jf /ª xfNg nufpbF f ;s];Dd oyfy{ j:t' cjnf]sg u/fpgx' f;] \
/ cjnf]sg u/s] f s/' faf/] 5nkmn ug{ nufpg'xf;] . lrq agfpbF f sg' } lstfasf] jf kmf]6f]af6
skL ug{' nufpg' eGbf ;s;] Dd oyfy{ j:ta' f6 lrq agfpg k|]l/t ugx'{ f];\ .

k|ltlaDag

!= laGb'x¿ ldn]/ /]vf aG5 / /v] fx¿sf] ;+of]hgaf6 lrq tof/ ul/G5 .

@= lrq agfpFbf l;wf /]vf, laGbd' o /v] f, afª\ufl6ª\uf] /v] f, jjm| /v] f h:tf
/v] fx¿sf] k|ofu] ul/G5 .

#= HofldtLo cfsf/x¿af6 ljleGg k|sf/sf lrqsf] lgdf0{ f ug{ ;lsG5 .

$= sg' } j:td' f ks| fz kbf{ To;sf] ljk/Lt efudf /xs] f] sfnf] efunfO{ 5fof elgG5 .

%= l;;fsndsf] ko| fu] u/L j:ts' f] 5fof agfpg ;lsG5 .

^= j:t'x¿ cjnfs] g u/]/, sNkgf u/]/, syf ;'g]/÷k9]/ lrq agfpg ;lsG5 .

&= sg' } j:t'df ks| fz kbf{ pSt k|sfzsf] ls/0f dflg;sf] cfvF fkbf{ h] bl] vG5
To;nfO{ /ª elgG5 .

*= ;fdfGotof kf| ylds /ª (primary colour) / l4tLo /ª (secondary colour)
u/L /ª b'O{ ks| f/sf xG' 5g\ .

(= kxn] f,] /ftf] / lgnf] /ª k|fylds /ªx¿ xg' \ eg] oL /ªx¿sf] ld>0faf6 ag]
sf xl/of], KofhL, ;G' tnfcflb l4tLo /ªx¿ x'g\ .

!)= s'g} /ªsf] ld>0fdf ;t] f] /ª ld;fpbF f lkmSsf / sfnf] /ªsf] ld>0faf6 uf9f
/ª agfpg ;lsG5 .

102 :jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;h{gfTds snf, sIff $

cEof;

!= tn lbOPsf zAb 5gf]6 u/L vfnL 7fp“ eg{'xf];\ .

k|sfz 5fof lrqsnf HofldtLo xl/of] lgnf]

-s_ /v] fx¿sf] pRrtd ;o+ f]hgaf6 =========================sf] ljsf; x'G5 .

-v_ ufn] fsf/, lqeh' fsf/, cfotfsf/, jufs{ f/ cflb==============================
cfsf/x¿ x'g\ .

-u_ j:td' f ks| fz kbf{ pSt j:ts' f] ljk/Lt efudf =====================aG5 .

-3_ j:td' f =============================k/d] f dfq /ªsf] klxrfg ug{ ;lsG5 .

-ª_ kx]nF f,] /ftf] / ==============================k|fylds /ªsf pbfx/0fx¿ xg' \ .

@= tnsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbgx' f];\ M

-s_ tkfOF{ cfkmn" fO{ dg kg{] lrq s;/L agfpgx' G' 5 < lrq;lxt j0fg{ ugx{' f;] \ .

-v_ HofldtLo cfsf/x¿sf] k|ofu] af6 lrq s;/L lgdf{0f ug{ ;lsG5 <
lrq;lxt JofVof ug{'xf];\ .

-u_ j:td' f 5fofsf] k|efj s;/L b]vfpg ;lsG5 < l;;fsndsf] ko| f]u u/L
sg' } j:t'sf] 5fof agfpgx' f;] \ .

-3_ /ª egs] f] s] xf] < /ª slt ks| f/sf] xG' 5 < pbfx/0f;lxt nV] gx' f;] \ .

-ª_ kf| ylds /ªx¿sf] ko| f]uaf6 låtLo /ªx¿ s;/L agfpg ;lsG5 <
lrq;lxt JofVof ug'{xf;] \ .

-r_ :yfgLo :t/df ¿kdf kfOg] j:t'x¿sf] ko| fu] u/L ljleGg ks| f/sf /
ªx¿ s;/L lgdf{0f ug{ ;lsG5, n]Vgx' f];\ .

-5_ cfkm\gf] 3/ jf ljBfno j/k/ kfOg] j:t'x¿ dWo] tkfOn{F fO{ dg kg{] sg' }
j:t'sf] lrq agfO{ pko'St /ª nufpgx' f];\ .

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;hh{ gfTds snf, sIff $ 103

-h_ k|sfz / 5foflarsf] ;DaGwnfO{ pbfx/0f / lrq;lxt k|:6 kfgx'{ f;] \ .
-em_ lrq lgdf0{ f sfo{df /ªsf] dxŒj pbfx/0f;lxt k|:6 kfg{'xf];\ .
-`_ lkmSsf /ª / uf9f /ª s;/L agfpg ;lsG5 <k|lj|mof n]Vg'xf;] \ .
-6_ tkfOs{F f] cg'xf/ ;Dem]/ cfkm\gf] dx' f/sf] lrq agfpg'xf;] \ .
-7_ syfdf cfwfl/t / sNkgfdf cfwfl/t sg' } Ps Pscf6] f lrq agfO{ pkoS' t

/ª nufpgx' f;] \ .
zAbfy{
rf/sfn] M ufn] jf sf7sf 6'j|mfdf ud jf afOG8/sf] ld;fj6af6 agfOPsf]

lrq agfpg] Ps dfWod .

5fof M sg' } klg j:td' f ks| fz k/]kl5 bl] vg] sfnf] 5fof

lkmSsf /ª M lgVv/ /ªdf ;t] f] /ª ld;fpbF } lkmSsf ag/] lg:sg] /ª

uf9f /ª M lgVv/ /ªdf sfnf] /ª ld;fpbF } uf9f ag/] lg:sg] /ª

kfgL /ª M dfWodsf ¿kdf kfgL ld;fpFb} ko| f]u ul/g] kf/bzL{ /ª

104 :jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;h{gfTds snf, sIff $

5kfO / df6fsf] sfd !!PsfO

(Printmaking and Clay works)

sg' } klg j:ts' f] ;txdf /ª nufP/ j:td' f ePsf cfsl[ t jf 6S] ;r/sf] 5fkf lgsfNg]
sfon{ fO{ 5kfO sfo{ elgG5 . 5kfO sfo{ 3f]6]/ -squeezing_ lyr/] -pulling_ /
u8/] -rubbing_ cyjf /ª 5s]{/ -spraying_ . tn lbOPsf lrqx¿ cjnf]sg
u/L s:tf] lsl;dsf] 5kfO ePsf] 5, 5nkmn ugx{' f];\ M

ljm| ofsnfk !!=!

ljleGg lsl;dsf l;;Lsf lasf,{ n'ufsf 6fs“ h:tf j:tx' ¿ hDdf ug{x' f];\ . tL
j:td' f /ª nufO{ ltgsf] 5kfO ugx'{ f;] \ .

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;h{hgfTds snf, sIff $ 105

5kfO sfo{ cfs[ltd"ns jf cfs[ltljxLg b'j} x'g ;S5 . s'g} klg j:t'sf]
6]S;r/ dfq klg 5kfO ug{ ;lsG5 . 5kfOsf ljleGg ljlwdWo] oxfF s]xL ljlwsf]
cEof; ul/g] 5 .

cfs[ltdn" s 5kfO (Representational printing)

s'g} klg ;txdf s'g} cfsl[ t agfP/ tL cfs[ltsf] 5kfO ug{] sfon{ fO{ cfsl[ tdn" s
5kfO elgG5 . cfsl[ td"ns 5kfOsf s]xL cEof; tn b]vfOPsf 5g\ .

cfn' / sf7df cfsf/ agfO{
5kfO{ u/]sf] cfsl[ tx¿

ljm| ofsnfk !!=@
s'g} l;Ssf lng'xf];\ / tL l;Ssfdfly sfuh /fvL /u8]/ -Rubbing_
;L;fsndsf] ko| f]u u/L 5kfO ug{'xf;] \ .

cfs[ltljxLg 5kfO (Non representational Printing)

s'g} klg ;txdf s'g} cfs[lt geO{sg 5kfO ;txdf h] 5 ;fx] Lcg¿' k 5kfO
ug]{ sfon{ fO{ cfsl[ t ljxLg 5kfO elgG5 . o:tf 5kfO sfo{ ubf{ sg' } klg ;txdf
/ª nufpg ;lsG5 / tL ;txsf /];fx¿ ;txcg;' f/sf texture x¿ 5kfO x'G5 .

afSnf] sfuhnfO{ sf6/] cfsf/ agfO{ 5kfO{ u/]sf cfs[ltx¿

106 :jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;hg{ fTds snf, sIff $

t/sf/L jf jg:kltaf6 5kfO (Print making through vegetable

and plants)

x/] f}“ l;sf}“ / u/f}“ M

t/sf/L jf jg:kltaf6 klg 5kfO sfo{ ug{ ;lsG5 . t/sf/LnfO{ sf6]/ bO' { 6j' m| f
agfpg] / To;nfO{ d;Ldf rf]k]/ sfuhdf 5kfO sfo{ ug{ ;lsG5 .

tn cfn'af6 5kfO sfos{ f sx] L r/0fx¿ lbOPsf 5g,\ cjnfs] g ugx'{ f;] \ M

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;hh{ gfTds snf, sIff $ 107

ljm| ofsnfk !!=#
ljleGg lsl;dsf ;AhLx¿ ;ªs\ ng ugx{' f;] \ . To;dWo] tkfOn“{ fO{ dg kg{] ;AhLnfO{
b'O{ 6's|f kfg'{xf];\ . 6'j|mf kfl/;s]kl5 To;df /ª nufpg'xf];\ / 5kfO
ug{'xf];\ . 5kfO ul/;s]kl5 s:tf] cfs[lt aGof] 5nkmn ug{x' f];\ .

:6]gl;n 5kfO (Stencil printing)

5kfO sfo{ ljleGg lsl;dn] ug{ ;lsG5 . cfs[ltd"ns / cfs[ltljxLg 5kfO
sfo{ u/] h:t} sfuh ljleGg cfsf/df sf6]/ :6g] l;n agfpg ;lsG5 . :6g] l;n
cfk"mnfO{ rfxc] g;' f/sf] agfpg ;lsG5 . o;nfO{ cfjZos cfsf/df sf6/] /ª
5s{/] tL cfsf/sf] 5kfO lgsfNg ;lsG5 . cfhefl] n ahf/df ljleGg cfsf/sf
:6]gl;n;d]t lsGg kfOG5 .

ljm| ofsnfk !!=$

afSnf] sfuhnfO{ ljleGg cfsf/df sf6\gx' f;] \ . sfl6;sk] l5 tL sfuhnfO{
;]tf] sfuhdf /fVg'xf;] \ . ca k/' fgf jf ko| fu] eO;ss] f] bf“t dfe\mg] a?' ;n] /ª
5sg{ 'xf];\ -spray_ / s:tf] cfs[lt aGof,] cjnfs] g ug'x{ f;] \ .

108 :jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;h{gfTds snf, sIff $

l8hfOg / a6' 6\ f (Design and pattern)

l8hfOg / a6' 6\ f cfsl[ tdn" s jf cfs[ltljxLg b'j} xg' ;S5g\ . sfuhsf] ;txdfly
Pp6} cfsl[ tnfO{ cgs] fF} k6s 5kfO ug{ ;lsG5 . ljleGg ze' sfdgf sf8{, lgdGq0ff
sf8,{ 6S] ;6fOndf l8hfOg / a6' 6\ f ko| fu] ug{ ;lsG5 . lbOPsf l8hfOgsf gdg' fx¿
cjnf]sg ug{x' f];\ .

a6' \6f l8hfOg ugk'{ g{] 7fp“nfO{ a/fa/ efudf af“8g\ ] afl“ 8Psf 7fpd“ f Pp6f cfsl[ t agfpg]

tL cfsl[ t /ª nufO{ bf]xf¥] ofO{ a6' \6f agfpg ] cfjZostfcg';f/ /ª nufpg]

l8hfOg tof/ eof] . 109

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;hh{ gfTds snf, sIff $

lj|mofsnfk !!=%

ljleGg lsl;dsf ze' sfdgf sf8,{ lgdGq0ff sf8{ ;ªs\ ng ug'{xf];\ . tL sf8{df
tof/ kf/s] f l8hfOgnfO{ /fd|/L cjnfs] g ugx{' f;] \ cjnf]sgkZrft gof“ a6' 6\ f
l8hfOg tof/ u/L Pp6f lgdGq0ff sf8{ agfpgx' f];\ .

df6fsf ljleGg cfsl[ tx¿

df6fsf] ko| fu] åf/f ljleGg lsl;dsf cfs[ltx¿ agfpg ;lsG5 . df6fnfO{ lyr]/,
tfg]/, df6f] yKb} cfkm" nfO{ rfxs] f] cfsl[ t agfpg ;lsG5 . sg' } klg cfs[lt agfpg
klxnf cfwf/e"t cfsf/x¿ h:t} M ufn] fsf/, a]ngfsf/, lqe'hfsf/, rf/kf6] h:tf
csf/sf] cEof; ugk' 5{ . tL cfwf/et" cfsf/sf] cEof;kl5 ljleGg kmnkm" n, ljleGg
cfsf/df ef8F fsF'8fsf] gdg' f agfpg] cEof; u/fF} . ljleGg ljlwdWo] oxfF xfdL Sjfon
ljlw, lkGr ljlw / :Nofa ljlwaf/] cEof; u/f}F M

df6f] d'5s] f] tof/L df6f]

df6faf6 ags] f
cfwf/e"t cfsf/x¿

110 :jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;h{gfTds snf, sIff $

dfly lbOPsf ljleGg kmnkm" nsf lrqx¿ cjnfs] g ug{'xf];\ . s] tkfOF{nfO{ oL
kmnk"mndWo] sg' } kmnkm" n dg k5{ < ltgsf] cfsf/ s:tf] 5, ufn] fsf/, a]ngfsf/
jf rf/kf6] 5nkmn ug'{xf;] \ .

lj|mofsnfk !!=^

tkfOn“{ fO{ dg kg]{ kmnk"mn 5fGg'xf];\, tL kmnk"mnsf] cfsf/ k|sf/ /fd|f];“u
cjnf]sg u/L cfk"mn] klg agfpg] cEof; ugx{' f;] \ .

HofldtLo cfsf/sf a:t'

df6faf6 ljleGg ks| f/sf HofldtLo j:tx' ¿ agfpg xfdLn] sIff # df l;ls;ss] f
5fF} . tL ljleGg ks| f/sf HofldtLo j:tx' ¿sf] ;+ofh] gaf6 ljleGg j:tx' ¿ agfpg
;lsG5 h:t} M ufn] f], af6n' f,] RofK6f] rf/kf6] cflb . pbfx/0fsf nflu xfdL Pp6f r/
fsf] gdg' f lng ;lsG5 . ufn] fsf/af6 r/fsf] 6fpsf], a]nfgfsf/af6 r/fsf] lhp,
lqe'hfsf/af6 r/fsf] r'Rrf] cflb .

cfwf/et" cfsf/af6 ags] f df6fsf cfs[ltx¿ 111

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;hh{ gfTds snf, sIff $

ljm| ofsnfk !!=&

ljleGg lsl;dsf HofldtLo cfsf/x¿ agfP/ To;sf] ;o+ fh] gdf ljleGg gdg' fx¿
agfpg'xf];\ .

Sjfon -coil method_ ljlwaf6 df6fsf ef“8f agfpg] tl/sf

Sjfon ljlwaf6 df6fsf ;fdfg agfpg ;a}eGbf klxnf d5' s] f] df6f]nfO{ 8f]/L h:t}
u/L nfdf] nfdf] kfg{k' 5{ . tL nfdf nfdf df6fsf 8f/] LnfO{ jm| dzM 3d' fpbF } cfkm\ gf]
OR5fcg';f/sf cfsf/df yKb} nh} fgk' 5{ . o;/L df6fsf 8f]/L yKb} df6fsf ef8fsf]
gdg' f agfpg ;lsG5 . o;/L agfOPsf Sjfonx¿ Pscfk;df 6Dd hf]l8Psf]
xg' k' 5{ cGoyf rs{g] ;Defjgf x'G5 . tn lbOPsf s]xL Sjfon ljlwaf6 agfOsf
ef8fx¿ sf] gd'gf cjnfs] g ug{x' f];\ .

Sjfon tof/ u/s] f] df6fsf] kf6fdf Sjfon 3'dfpb“ } u/]sf]

Sjfon agfpb“ } u/s] f]

Sjfonsf] ef8f tof/

Sjfon 3'dfpb} u/s] f]

Sjfon lalwaf6
ag]sf ;fduL| x¿

:Nofa -slab method_ ljlwaf6 ljleGg j:t' lgdf0{ f

d5' ]sf] df6fsf 8NnfnfO{ lyr]/ jf an] ]/ df6fsf] kftf -slab_ agfpg ;lsG5 .
o;sf nflu ;ae} Gbf klxn] d'5]sf] df6f]nfO{ 8Nnf] agfpgk' 5{ . 8Nnf] df6fnfO{

112 :jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;hg{ fTds snf, sIff $

/f6] L h:t} aN] g'k5{ . a]n]/ df6fsf kftf agfpbF f ;s];Dd ;a} 7fpF a/fa/ xg' 'k5{ .
al] n;sk] l5 cfkm" nfO{ rflxg] -ufn] f] rf/kf6,] an] gfsf/_ cfsf/df rSsn' ] ldnfP/
sf6g\ k' 5{ . tnsf lrqx¿df df6fsf kftf agfpg] tl/sf / ljlw b]vfOPsf 5g\ .

:Nofa tof/ ub{}

tof/L :Nofax¿ :Nofax¿ Pscfk;df hf]8b\ }

:Nofax¿ Pscfk;df hf]l8;s]kl5

cgfjZos efu sf6\b} :Nofa lalwaf6 tof/ ul/Psf] afs;

:Nofa -slab method_ ljlwaf6 df6f]df a'66\ f agfpg] tl/sf

:nfa ljlwaf6 df6fsf ef8f agfpgs' f ;fy} tL :nfadf ljleGg a6' 6\ fx¿ sf]/]/
To;nfO{ cem cfsif{s agfpg ;lsG5 . o;/L agfOPsf kftf -slab_ df cufl8 g}
jf kftfx¿ hf]l8;s]kl5 a6' \6f agfpg ;lsG5 .

tof/L :Nofax¿ a6' \6f sf]/]sf :Nofax¿ Pscfk;df hf8] s] f]
tof/L :Nofadf a'6\6f sf]/]sf]

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;h{hgfTds snf, sIff $ 113

a'66\ f tof/ ePkZrftsf] j:t'

df6fdf agfPsf ljleGg a6' 6\ fx¿

df6fsf j:t' agfO;s]kl5 To;df /ªsf] k|of]u

sg' } klg df6fsf] cfs[lt agfO;sk] l5 To;nfO{ /ª nufP/ cem cfsif{s / kf| s[lts
agfpg ;lsG5 . tof/L ePsf df6fsf j:t'df ljleGg :yfgLo jf tof/L /ª
ko| f]u ug{ ;lsG5 . :yfgLo /ªsf ¿kdf sfnfsf nflu ufn] , /ftf]sf nflu /ftf]df6f]
kxn]F fs] f nflu a;] f/ k|ofu] ug{ ;lsG5 . o;sf ;fy} ahf/df tof/L /ª klg
lsGg kfOG5 .

lj|mofsnfk !!=*

tof/L df6faf6 :Nofa lgdf{0f u/L tL :Nofadfly ljleGg cfs[lt / a'6\6f
agfpg'xf;] \ / To;nfO{ ;'sfpgx' f];\ . ;l' s;s]kl5 To;nfO{ sIffdf kb| zg{ ug'x{ f;] \ .

114 :jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;hg{ fTds snf, sIff $

lgdf{0f sfo{ (Construction)

tf/sf 6'jm| fx¿af6 ljleGg ;fwf/0f cfsl[ tx¿ lgdf0{ f

tf/sf ljleGg 6'jm| fnfO{ ldnfP/ ljleGg cfsl[ tx¿ lgdf{0f ug{ ;lsG5 . xftn] g}
aª\Uofpg ;lsg] g/d vfnsf tf/sf] ko| f]u ug'{ /fdf| ] x'G5 . tf/af6 lgdf{0f sfo{
u/L ljleGg d"lt{ agfPsf pbfx/0f klg kz| :t 5g\ . 7'nf 7'nf d"lt;{ dt] ljleGg
tf/sf] ko| fu] u/L agfOPsf 5g\ . tf/af6 ag]sf ljleGg gd'gfx¿ b]vfOPsf 5g\
cjnf]sg ug'x{ f];\ .

ljm| ofsnfk !!=(

tf/af6 s:tf lsl;dsf j:t' lgdf0{ f ug]{ xf,] To;sf] /v] fª\sg ugx{' f;] / tL
/]vfcg';f/ tf/af6 j:t' lgdf0f{ ugx{' f];\ .

tf/sf] k|ofu] u/L dfgj z/L/sf] cl:yk~h/ lgdf0f ug{] ko| f; ug'x{ f;] \ .

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;hh{ gfTds snf, sIff $ 115

sfuhsf] a6\6fnfO{ 5f“6sf“6 u/L j:t' lgdf0f{

sfuhsf a66\ faf6 ljleGg ;fduL| x¿ agfpg ;lsG5 . o;sf nflu sfuhsf ljleGg
a66\ fx¿nfO{ hf]8L gofF j:t' agfpg ;lsG5 . sfuhsf a6\6fx¿ sf6]/, gof sfuh
6fF;/] ljleGg /ªuLg sfuh 6f;F ]/ klg sfuhaf6 ljleGg j:t'sf] cfsl[ t lgdf0f{
sfo{ ug{ ;lsG5 .

sfuhsf] a;

a66\ faf6 ags] f] 3/

a66\ f agfpg sfg] k{' g]{ ju{x¿

jux{ ¿af6 ags] f] a6\6f

ljm| ofsnfk !!=!)

;fa'g, dGhg la:s'6sf a66\ fx¿ hDdf ug'{xf;] \ . To;dWos] f Ps a6\6fnfO{ vf]
Ng'xf];\ / a66\ f s;/L lgdf0f{ ul/Psf] /x5] cjnfs] g ug{'xf;] \ . cjnf]sgkZrft
kTofpg] (folding) 7fp“df l;;fsndn] /v] f sfg] x'{ f];\ / cfkm\ gf] skLdf To;l/g}
/v] fªs\ g ugx{' f;] \ .

lzIf0f lgbz{] g
sfuhsf a6\6fx¿ ;ª\sng ug{ nfpgx' f];\ tyf tL a6\6faf6 j:tx' ¿ agfpg nufpgx' f];\ . sf6g\ ]

/ 6f:“ g] ;fduL| x¿ ko| fu] u//] cfkmv" ;' L ljleGg j:tx' ¿ lgdf0{ f ug{ kl]| /t ugx{' f;] \ .

116 :jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;hg{ fTds snf, sIff $

ljm| ofsnfk !!=!!

ljleGg cfsf/ / ljleGg gfksf a66\ fx¿ ;ª\sng ug{'xf;] \ . tL a6\6fx¿af6
s:tf s:tf ;fduL| x¿ agfpg ;lsG5 ljrf/ ug'{xf];\ . tL a6\6faf6 s'g} Ps
lgdf0f{ sfo{ ug{'xf];\ .

k'/fgf j:tx' ¿ ;ª\sng u/L lgdf0f{ sfo{

k'/fgf v]nf}gf af]tn, sf7sf 6'j|mf, ;nfO{sf a6\6f, dGhgsf a6\6f cflbaf6
ljleGg lgdf0f{ sfo{ ug{ ;lsG5 . b'O{ jf b'O{eGbf j:t' 6fF:g], lsnfsf]
k|of]u u/L tyf /a/n] afw]/ gofF gofF j:t'sf] lgdf0f{ ug{ ;lsG5 .
8f]/Lsf] k|of]u u//] klg ljleGg lsl;dn] Ps jf PseGbf a9L j:tx' ¿ hf8] g\
;lsG5 . 8f/] L gofF gofF tl/sfn] afw\g ;lsG5 .

hQ' f kf]ln;sf] a6\6faf6 u'8fpg] vn] fg} f

ldg/n jf6/sf] af]tnaf6
agfOPsf] v]nf}gf Kn]g

sf7sf 6'jm| fx¿ hf]8]/ agfOPsf] x]lnsK6/

l;Gsf / sk8faf6 agfOPsf] kt' nL

ljm| ofsnfk !!=!@

k/' fgf ;fduL| x¿ ;ªs\ ng ugx{' f;] \ . tL ;fduL| x¿dWoa] f6 sg' } tLg jf rf/ lsl;dsf
j:t'x¿ 5fGg'xf;] \ / cfk\mg} tl/sfn] hf]8/] s'g} gof“ cfsl[ tsf] lgdf{0f u/L kb| zg{
ugx{' f;] \ .

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;h{hgfTds snf, sIff $ 117

k|ltlaDag

!= sg' } j:ts' f] ;txdf /ª nufP/ pSt j:td' f ePsf] cfsl[ t lgsfNg' 5kfO xf] .

@= 3f]6]/, bn]/, lyr]/, /ª 5s]{/ 5kfO ug{ ;lsG5 .

#= s'g} ;txdf cfs[lt agfO{ tL cfs[ltsf] 5kfO ug'{nfO{ cfs[ltd"ns 5kfO
elgG5 eg] cfs[lt gagfO{ ;txdf h:tf] cfs[lt 5 ;f]xLcg'¿k 5kfO ug'{nfO{
cfs[ltljxLg 5kfO elgG5 .

$= cfn', l;Ssf, kft, r'/f, sf7 cflbdf /ª nufO{ 5kfO ug{ ;lsG5 .

%= afSnf] lsl;dsf sfuhdf cfs[ltjf a'6\6f sf]/L rSs'n] sf6]/ To;df /ª
5s]{/ 5kfO ug]{ sfo{nfO{ :6]lG;n 5kfO elgG5 .

^= df6fnfO{ lyr]/, SjfOn agfP/, kftf agfP/ ljleGg j:t'sf] HofldtLo
cfsf/sf gd'gf agfpg ;lsG5 .

&= df6faf6 s'g} j:t'sf] gd'gf agfO{ ;s]kZrft pko'St /ª nufP/ cfsif{s
agfpg ;lsG5 .

*= ljleGg j:t'x¿nfO{ ;+of]hg u/L j:t'sf] gd'gf agfpg' lgdf{0f sfo{ xf] .
nlrnf tf/, sfuhsf 6'j|mf, v]/ uPsf j:t'x¿, df6f] cflbaf6 lgdf{0f sfo{
ug{ ;lsG5 .

(= sfuhnfO{ sf6]/ jf k6\ofP/ s'g} j:t'sf] gd'gf lgdf{0f ug]{ sfo{nfO{ cf]l/ufdL
elgG5 .

!)= sfuhnfO{ sf6/] , k6o\ fP/ r/f, km' n, 8'ªu\ f, afs;, 6f]kL, lr7L cflb agfpg
;lsG5 .

cEof;

!= tn lbOPsf zAbx¿ 5gf6] u/L vfnL 7fp“ eg{x' f];\ M

/ª 5s]{/ cfs[ltljxLg 5kfO :6]lG;n hl6n

5kfO cfsl[ td"ns

-s_ Pp6f j:ts' f] cfs[ltnfO{ csf{] ;txdf ptfg{' =======================xf] .

118 :jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;h{gfTds snf, sIff $

-v_ cfs[lt agfP/ 5kfO ug]{ sfo{ ================================ 5kfO xf] .

-u_ cfs[lt gagfO{ j:t' h:tf] 5 To:t} ¿knfO{ 5kfO ug{' ===================
5kfO xf] .

-3_ bn]/, 3f]6]/, /u8/] tyf =================================== 5kfO ug{ ;lsG5 .

-ª_ afSnf] sfuhdf sg' } j:ts' f] cfsl[ t agfO{ To;nfO{ sf6/] csf]{ sfuhdf
/fvL 5kfO ug]{ sfo{ =========================================== xf] .

@= tnsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf;] \ M

-s_ 5kfO eg]sf] s] xf] < of] s'g s'g tl/sfaf6 ug{ ;lsG5 < pbfx/0f;lxt
j0fg{ ug{'xf];\ .

-v_ 5kfO lsg ul/G5 < :6l] G;n 5kfO s;/L ul/G5 < kl| jm| of JofVof ugx{' f;] \ .

-u_ cfsl[ tljxLg 5kfO / cfs[ltdn" s 5kfOdf s] km/s 5 < pbfx/0f;lxt
ki| 6 kfgx'{ f;] \ .

-3_ df6faf6 ljleGg j:t'sf] lgdf0{ f s;/L ug{ ;lsG5 < o;sf ljlwx¿
pbfx/0f;lxt JofVof ugx{' f];\ .

-ª_ df6faf6 HofldtLo cfsf/sf j:ts' f] gdg' f agfpg] tl/sf nV] g'xf;] \ .

-r_ SjfOn ljlw / :Nof ljlwaf6 df6fsf ljleGg gdg' fx¿ s;/L agfpg
;lsG5 < pbfx/0f;lxt JofVofugx'{ f];\ .

-5_ lgdf{0f sfo{ egs] f] s] xf] < of] s;/L ug{ ;lsG5 <

-h_ cf]l/ufdL / lsl/ufdL egs] f] s] xf] < oLsfoa{ f6 s;/L ljleGg j:ts' f]
gdg' f tof/ ug{ ;lsG5 <

-em_ v/] uPsf j:tx' ¿sf] ko| fu] u//] lgdf0{ f sfo{ s;/L ug{ ;lsG5 < lrqåf/f
k|:6 kfg'{xf;] \ .

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;hh{ gfTds snf, sIff $ 119

zAbfy{
6]S:r/ M sg' } ;tx jf j:t'sf] u0' f h:t} v;f| ], g/d / lrKnf]
:6l] G;n M sfuh, sf7 jf wft'df sf6/] j6' 6\ f cIf/ sf]//] 5kfO ug{] ;fwg
:Nofa M df6fsf ;fdu|Lx¿ agfpg df6fs] f] kmns] jf kf6f
cf]l/ufdL M sfuhnfO{ k6o\ fP/ s'g} j:ts' f] gdg' fagfpg] sfo{
lsl/ufdL M sfuhnfO{ sf6]/ sg' } j:ts' f] gd'gfagfpg] sfo{

120 :jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s lzIff tyf l;hg{ fTds snf, sIff $

Uffog / jfbg !@PsfO

(Singing and Musical Instruments)

sg' } klg uLtnfO{ ;'l/nf] cfjfhdf u'Gu'gfpFbf xfdL ;a}nfO{ cfGfGb cfpF5 . s;}n]
ld7f] :j/df UfLt ufpbF f xfdLnfO{ ;g' ' ;'g' nfU5 . h;n] /fd|f] :j/ lgsfn/] efsf
ldnfP/ ufpF5 p:fnfO{ xfdL ufos eg]/ lrG5f}F . uLt ufpg,] gfRg] / afhf ahfpg]
;a} sfo{ ;ª\uLtleq} k5{g\ . oxL ufpg,] ahfpg] / gfRg] snf g} ;ªu\ Lt xf] . xfdL
ufpFbf nfdf] ;f; tfGg] / 5f8] \g] u5f}+{ . h:fn] xfdf| ] Zjf;gnL / kmf]S;fn] fO{ :j:y
/fV5 . xfdLn] /fd|f] uLt ufpg, afhf ahfpg / gT[ o ug{ ;ªu\ Ltsf] kof{Kt cEof;
ugk'{ 5{ . o;sf nflu c¿n] ufPsf], ahfPsf] / gfFr]sf] glhsaf6 x]g]{ / cEof;
ug]{ afgL a:ffNg'k5{ . uLtsf] no tyf efj / afhfsf] tfndf uLt ufpFb} gfFRbf xfd|f]
zf/Ll/s Jofofd eO{ xfdL ;w}F xFl;nf] / kml' tn{ f] xG' 5f}F+ .

!@=! :j/ cEof; (Vocal practice)

xfdLn] o'6o\ j' df ;ªu\ Lt cEof; ul//x]sf lel8ofx] ¿ kSs} x/] ]sf 5fF} . u?' x¿n]
cfkmg\ f lziox¿nfO{ ;ªu\ Ltsf ;f/u] d :j/x¿ ufpg] / ahfpg] cEof; u/fO/xs] f
x'G5g . ;ª\uLtsf :j/x¿sf] bl} gs cEof;n] xfdf| ] cfjfh ld7f] / ;l' /nf] x'G5 .
;ª\uLtdf ;ftcf6] f z'4 :j/ ;f /] u d k w lg x'G5g\ . log} ;ft :j/x¿af6 g}
xfdLn] ;g' ]sf ;Dk"0f{ uLt / wg' x¿ agfOPsf xG' 5g\ . cfˆgf] kd| 'v :yfgaf6 tn
cyjf dfly x'g] :j/nfO{ ljs[t :j/ elgG5 .

olb cfwf :j/ tn eP sfd] n / cfwf :j/ dfly eP tLj| xG' 5g\ . ;ft :j/dWo] /] u

d w lg sf kfrF ljs[t ?k / gfd klg x'G5g\ . h;nfO{ sf]dn / tLj| :j/ elgG5 .

z4' ;ft, sf]dn rf/ / tLa| Ps u/L hDdf Ps ;Ktsdf afx| :j/x¿ xG' 5g\ . afx|

:j/x¿nfO{ jm| d}n] /flvPsf] :yfgnfO{ ;Kts elgG5 . xf/df]lgoddf tLgcf6] f ;Kts

x'G5g\ . wfb] f| ] cyjf df]6f] :j/nfO{ dGb| ;Kts elgG5 . xfdf| ] ;fdfGo afn] LrfnLsf]

l7Sssf] :j/nfO{ dWo ;Kts / ltvf] / rsf{] :j/nfO{ tf/ ;Ktssf] :j/ elgG5 .

h;nfO{ lgDg lnlvt lrqaf6 k:| 6 ae' mg\ ;lsG5 M

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s tyf l;h{gfTds snf sIff $ 121

ljs[t :j/x¿ M /]udw] lg

z4' :j/x¿ M ;fÞ /Þ] uÞ dkÞ wÞ Þ lgÞ÷;f /] u d k w lg÷;f+ /+] u+ d+ k+ w+ lg+ ;f+

;Ktsx¿ M dGb| ;Kts dWo ;Kts tf/ ;Kts

;Ktsdf /x]sf :j/af6 ag]sf cnu cnu :j/ ;d"xnfO{ ;ª\uLtsf] efiffdf
cnª\sf/ elgG5 . cnª\sf/sf] hlt w]/} cEof; ul/of] Tolt rf8F f] xfdL ;ªu\ Lt
l;Sg ;S5f+}F . o;sf nflu xf/dfl] god jf lsaf]8{df z4' :j/x¿sf] cf/f]x cj/f]
xsf] cEof; ug{'k5{ . ;ª\uLtdf cf/fx] eGgfn] dV' o :ff :j/bl] v dflylt/ hfg]
jm| dnfO{ a'lemG5 :ff /] u d k w lg ;f+ . cj/f]x eGgfn] dflyaf6 tnlt/ klxn]
s} :yfgdf emg{] jf kms{g] j|mdnfO{ a'lemG5 h:t} M ;f+ lg w k d u /] ;f . Ps
:j/eGbf w/] } :j/ ;d"x ldnfP/ ul/g] cf/fx] cj/f]x cEof;nfO{ ;ª\uLtdf ;/ud
jf cnªs\ f/ cEof; elgG5 .

!@=@ :j/ / cnª\sf/ cEof;

:j/lnlksf] :j/ cEof; ug]{ tl/sf

r/0f != lzIfsn] :j/ lgsfns] f] Wofg lbP/ ;'Ggx' f];\ .
r/0f @= ;dx" df :j/sf] cf/f]x cj/fx] cEof; ugx{' f;] \ .
r/0f #= PSnfPSn} :j/sf] cf/f]x cj/f]x cEof; ug'x{ f];\ .
r/0f $= Ps ;fy b'Oc{ f6] f :j/ ;d"xsf] cf/f]x cj/f]x cEof; ugx{' f];\ .
Rf/0f %= Ps ;fy tLgcf6] f :j/ ;dx" sf] cf/fx] cj/f]x cEof; ugx{' f];\ .
r/0f ^= xfdf]l{ god jf lsaf]8d{ f cfkmF} cf/f]x cj/f]x :j/ vfH] g'xf];\ .
r/0f &= cfkm" n] ufPsf] :j/ ;'/df ldn]sf] 5 ls 5}g xfdf]{lgod÷lsaf]8s{ f] ;'/

jf kbf{ lyr/] rs] ugx{' f;] \ .

122 :jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s tyf l;hg{ fTds snf sIff $

ljm| ofsnfk !@=!
:j/ cEof; u/f}+ M

cf/f]x M ;f /] u d k w lg ;f+
cj/fw] M ;f+ lg w k d u /] ;f
cf/fx] M ;f;f /]/] uu dd kk ww lglg ;f;+ f+
cj/f]x M ;f+;f+ lglg ww kk dd uu /]/] ;f;f
cf/fx] M ;f/,] /]u, ud, dk, kw, wlg, lg;f+
cj/fx] M ;f+ lg, lgw, wk, kd, du, u/,] /];f
cf/f]x M ;f/]u /u] d udk dkw kwlg wlg;f+
cj/f]x M ;f+lgw lgwk wkd kdu du/] u/;] f

lzIf0f lgb]z{ g
dfly lbP h;/L g} rf/cf]6f, kfrF cf]6f, 5cf6] f :j/ ;d"x agfP/ cf/fx] cj/f]x :j/ cEof;
ug{ ljBfyL{nfO{ k|]l/t ug]{ ug'x{ f];\ . afnaflnsfsf] cfjfhcg;' f/sf] :sn] jf :j/nfO{ ;f dfg/]
cf/fx] cj/fx] cEof; u/fpg'xf;] \ . ljBfyL{nfO{ Pp6 Pp6f :j/df k/" f Zjf; tfg/] cfjfh;Fu}
la:tf/} 5f8] \g nufpFb} cf/fx] cj/f]xsf] cEof; u/fpg'xf];\ . cf/fx] cj/f]xdf Pp6f Pp6f
z4' :j/sf] /fd/| L cEof; ul/;s]kl5 b'O{ :j/ / tLg :j/ ;d"xsf] jm| dzM cnª\sf/ cEof;
u/fpg'xf;] \ . :j/ cEof;;DaGwL pknAw >Jo b[Zo ;fdu|L ljBfyL{nfO{ ;g' fpg,] bv] fpg] cEof;
u/fpg'xf;] \ .

!@=# tfnL / dfbn ahfpg] cEof;

lj|mofsnfk !@=@

xftn] tfnL ahfcf}+ / VofnL tfndf dfbn ahfcf}+

-s_ lrqdf b]vfOPh:t} u/L dfbndf lxsfO{ af]n lgsfnf}“ .

!=wL+ @=kmt \ #=tfª\ $=ts

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s tyf l;hg{ fTds snf sIff $ 123

-v_ tn lbOPh:t} dfqf, afn] / tfnL vfnLsf] ko| f]u u/L Psb]lv cf7 uGtL;Dd tfnL
ahfcf“} / VofnL tfndf dfbn ahfpg] cEof;;dt] u/f“} .

! @ # $ % ^ & *

tfnL tfnL tfnL tfnL vfnL tfnL tfnL tfnL

!,@ #,$ %,^ &,*

lw|+ ˜ glt gs lw+gf

jf

lw+ ˜ kmtt\ fª \ tslw + lwt+ fª\

!@=$ /fli6«o ufg cEof;

lj|mofsnfk !@=#

xftn] tfnL ahfp“b} ;an} ] Ps} ;fy ;dx" df /fli6o« ufgnfO{ ld7f] :j/n] ufpg]
cEof; u/f“} .

;of}F yF'uf kmn" sf xfdL Pp6} dfnf gk] f nL ˜

;fj{ efd} e} kml} n Psf d]rL dxf sf ˜ nL ˜

ks| [ ltsfsfl] 6sfl] 6 ;Dk bfsf] cfrF n ˜

jL/x ¿sf /u tn] :jtGq ˜ / c6 n ˜

1fg e"ld, zflGt e"ld, t/fO,{ kxf8, lxdf n ˜

cv 08of] Kof/f] xfdf| ] dft[ e"ld gk] fn ˜

axn' hflt, efiff, wd,{ ;+:s[ lt5g\ ljzf n ˜

cu| ufdL /fi6« xfd|f,] ho ho g] ˜ kf ˜

n˜

124 :jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s tyf l;h{gfTds snf sIff $

!@=% sIffut uLt cEof;

lj|mofsnfk !@=$
tfnL ahfp“b} sIffut uLt ufp“g] cEof; ugx'{ f;] \ .
lstfasf kfgf x]/, xfdLeGbf ;fgf
-tL kfgfdf jL/tf /, uf}/jsf ufgf_@
sndsf 6K' kf cemF}, cf}FnfeGbf ;fgf
-To} 6K' kfn] 1fgL s'/f, n]V5f}F kfgf kfgf_@
xfdL dfG5] ;fgf ;fgf -kfP ;xL 1fg_@
kf/} vn] p7fp5F fF,} -g]kfnsf] zfg_ @
;ae} Gbf zLtn 5fof, -lxdfnsf] 5fof_ @
-hlt a95\ f}F plt a95\ , :jbz] sf] dfof_ @
xfdL /f]K5f}F af6] lap -xfdL wtL{ sf]5f}{_+ @
;a} ldnL g]kfndf, -gofF /ª e5f}{_F @
k9L nv] L l;k l;Sg], -k}nf] xfd|f] sfd_ @
-h] h] l;S5fF} r9fOlbG5fF} o} b]zsf] gfd_ @

lzIf0f lgb]z{ g
>Jo ;fdu|Lsf] ;xofu] df sIffut uLt tfnL ahfpFb} ufpg] cEof; u/fpg'xf];\ . ljBfyL{ /
lzIfs ;Fu;Fu} sIffut uLt tfnL ahfpFb} ufpg] cEof; ug{'xf;] \ . ;d"x ;dx" df sIffut uLt
ufpg] cEof; u/fpg'xf];\ . PSnfPSn} sIffut uLt ufpg] cEof; u/fpg'xf;] \ .

!@=^ afnuLt cEof;

afnaflnsfx¿n] cfkm\gf] dfte[ fiffdf ufpFg] uLt afnuLt xf] . afnuLtx¿ ljleGg
:yfgx¿df ljleGg dfte[ fiffdf ufpg] ul/G5 .

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s tyf l;hg{ fTds snf sIff $ 125

ljm| ofsnfk !@=%
tn lbOPsf] afnuLt ;fdfGo nodf ufpgx' f;] \ . ufpg'eGbf klxn] tn lbOPsf :j/
nfO{ xfdf{l] god jf lsaf8] {df ahfpg'xf;] \ . ahfp“bf hg' lsl;dsf] no / efsf
lg:sG5 To;} efsfdf ldnfP/ ufpg'xf];\ . ;d"xdf tfnL ahfp“b} tn lbOPsf]
afnuLt ufpg] cEof; ugx{' f;] \ .

;f ;f ;f /] u k u u
/] ;f /] u /] ;f ;f ;fw=
;f ;f ;f /] u k u u
/] ;f /] u /] ;f ;f ;f

laxfg\ w/] } ;˜' Tg]˜,cN5L afgL 5f]˜8f}F+˜

xftd'vuf8] f wfO] ,{ Aofofd ug]{ u˜ /f˜F}
ofu] L WofgL hgsf]˜,s/' f ;wF} ;'˜gf˜}F
k9L nv] L 7n' f] eO{, 1fgL dfG5]a˜gf}F˜

afaf cfdf ;wF}el/, xfd}| lrGtf u˜5g{ \
cfkm" gvfO{ glgbfO, xfd}| ;kgf b˜] V5g\
/ftlbg gegL˜, xfDnfO 3/d5} f]˜8L˜
sfd ugk{} 5{ /˜] , dlxgf ugLugL

v]taf/L afFdmf] ef,] ;a} uP ljbz] df
ufpF3/ g} l/Qf] ef], sfO] { 5}gg\ :jb]zdf
kNnf 3/] xh'/af, ;wFe} l/ vf]S5g\
6f9f 5 /] c:ktfn, ca sNn] af]S5g\

h'g df6fd] f v]˜NofF}˜,hfxfF kfOnf 6]˜Sof}F
tft] ] af]nL af]˜Nb}, xft ;dfO{ lx˜F 8o\ fF}
oxL wtL{ Kof/f] 5, oxL km'naf˜/L˜
cN5L x}g kf}/vL˜,agfF} ;wF} e˜l/˜

-/rgfM 8f=/dz] kf]v/n] _

126 :jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s tyf l;hg{ fTds snf sIff $

ljm| ofsnfk !@=^
lzIfssf] ;xofu] df cfkm\gf] :yfgdf ufOg] afnuLtx¿ ufp“gx' f;] \ .

lzIf0f lgb{z] g

dflysf] ;/udnfO{ noaå?kdf af/af/ xf/dfl] god jf lsaf8] {df ahfP/ ljBfyLn{ fO{
;g' fpgx' f];\ . ljBfyL{nfO{ ;Fu;Fu} ufpg nufpgx' f;] \ . dfly lbOPsf] ;/udh:t} afsF L
x/kmx¿nfO{ nodf tfnL ahfP/ ufpg] cEof; u/fpg'xf;] \ . ;/ud ufpFbf h'g w'g lg:sG5
ca noa4 ¿kdf tfnL ahfpbF } ToxL wg' df dflysf] uLt ljBfyL{nfO{ ufpg nufpgx' f;] \ .
dfly lbOPsf] afnuLtnfO{ lzIfsn] cfkm\g} efsf agfP/ klg l;sfpg :fSgx' g' ] 5 . afnuLt
l;sfpge' Gbf klxn] uLtdf ko| S' t x/s] zAbsf] cy{ atfpgx' f]; . afnuLtsf] wg' ahfpbF f
dfly lbOPsf :j/nfO{ klxn] cEof; u/fpgx' f;] \ . afnaflnsfsf] :s]ncg';f/ ;f dfg]/
;f]xLc] g';f/sf] cf/f]xL cj/f]xL j|mddf ug' ug' fpg l;sfpgx' f;] \ . gq hg' :j/af6 :fw}+
cEof; u/fpbF } x'g'x'G5 To;s} f] d :j/nfO{ ;d]t -:ff_ cfwf/ dfg/] l;sfpg'xf;] \ . dfly
lbP h;/L g} cGo s'g}klg :j/nfO{ ;f dfg]/ klg l;sfpg] cEof; ug{x' f];\ . uLtsf] efj /
nocg';f/sf] * dfqfsf] tfn tfnjfBdf jf xftn] tfnL lbg nufP/ l;sfpgx' f];\ .

ljm| ofsnfk !@=&

uLt / tfn;DaGwL lj|mofsnfk

!= sIffdf lzIfsn] afnuLt ufpb“ f Wofg lbP/ ;G' gx' f];\ .
@= PSnf PSn} / ;dx" df afnuLt cEof; ug'{xf];\ .
#= afnuLtsf zAbx¿sf] cy{ / efj ae' m/] To;sf] efj / dd{cg;' f/ ufpg]

cEof; ugx{' f];\ .
$= xfdfl{] god jf lsaf8] d{ f dfly afnuLtdf ko| fu] xg' ] :j/x¿;dt] lzIfssf] dbtn]

ahfpg] cEof; ug{x' f;] \ .
%= cfkm" n] ufPsf] :j/ ;'/df ldn]sf] 5 ls 5g} xf/df]lgod jf lsaf]8{sf] ;/' jf

kbf{ lyr]/ rs] ugx'{ f;] \ .
^= cfkm" n] ufpg] uLtdf aHg] tfn lzIfssf] ;xof]udf dfbndf ahfpg] sf]l;;

ug{'xf];\ .
&= dfbn pknAw geP xftdf tfnL lbP/ ufpg] cEof; ugx'{ f];\ .
*= cfkmg\ f] kl/jz] cgs' n" sf afhfx¿ uLtsf] efsfcg;' f/ ahfpg] cEof; ugx{' f;] \ .

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s tyf l;h{gfTds snf sIff $ 127

!^=& dfte[ fiffdf ufog cEof;

xfd|f] b]zdf y/L y/Lsf cfkmg\ } dfte[ fiff af]Ng] w/] } dflg;x¿ cnu cnu :yfgdf
a;fa] f; u5g{ \ . xfdLn] afN] g] g]kfnL efiffkl5sf] w/] } dflg;x¿n] af]Ng] g]kfnsf]
csf]{ efiff d}lynL xf] . gk] fnsf] kj" L{ t/fOd{ f afl] ng] dl} ynL efiffdf cfwfl/t Pp6f
uLt ;a} ldn/] ufcfF} .

-oxL 7}ofF l6sn' L x/] fOun} ] b}of u_] #

;f;h' L ;] k5' nL+ ggbhL ;] k'5nL+
b]j/hL ;] k5' s] nhfO u]n] b}of u]

3/jf d+] vfh] nL= cFugjf d+] vf]hnL+
ghfg] a8g] L ;] a8fO u]n] b}of u] .

;f;f /]d¤ uu ;f/]¤ lgÞlgÞ;f/] ;f;¤ f ;f— ¤

oxL 7}ofF¤ l6s' nLx ]¤ /f˜ u}n¤] bo} f u]˜¤

ww ww¤ kw dlg¤Þ lgÞw kd¤ dkkd u/];f;f¤

oxL 7o} fF¤ l6s' nLx¤ /f˜ un} ¤] b˜} of˜u]˜˜˜¤

dd kw¤ kk kw¤ dd kw k¤k k—£

;f;" HfL;¤] k5' nL+g¤ gb hL;] k¤5' nL˜+ ¥

k;f+ ;f;+ f¤+ lgÞw kd¤ kw dd¤ dkkd u/;] f;f¦

bj] /\ hL;]¤ k'5 sn] ¤ hf˜ un} ¤] b}˜of˜ u]˜˜˜¤

dflysf] :j/lnlkdf ;lhnf];uF ufpgsf nflu o;sf] lel8of] vfh] ]/ ;'Gg'xf];\ . xfdL
;an} ] cfkmg\ f] cfkm\gf] dft[efiffdf kr| lnt uLt;ª\uLtnfO dfofF ub{} uLt ufpg] afgL
a;fNg'k5{ . o;f] u¥of}F eg] xfdf| ] b]zdf kr| lnt ;a} hfthflt / efiffefifLsf uLt
;ª\uLt k|lt xfdf| ] >2fefj / :fDdfg xG' 5 .

128 :jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s tyf l;hg{ fTds snf sIff $

lj|mofsnfk !@=*
lzIfssf] ;xofu] df cfcfkmg\ f] :yfgLo:t/df ufOg] :yfgLo uLt ufpg] cEof; ugx{' f;] \ .

!@=* :yfgLo afhf

:yfgLo nfs] uLtdf aHg] afhfx¿nfO{ :yfgLo afhf elgG5 . 7fp,F hflt, ;:+ sl[ tcg;' f/
:yfgLo afhfx¿ ljleGg lsl;dsf x'G5g\ . sg' } 7fpdF f ;gfO, s'g} 7fpdF f em/f{ t
sg' } 7fpFdf bdfxf, 9fn] s cflb ahfOG5 . oL afhfx¿ g} :yfgLo afhfx¿ x'g\ .

ljm| ofsnfk !@=(
-s_ tnsf] lrq cjnf]sg u/L kGr}afhfsf] gfd klxrfg u/L nV] g'xf];\ .

-emo\ fnL g/l;Fuf, 6\ofDsf,] 9fn] s, ;gO,{ bdfxf_

-v_ tn lbOPsf nfs] afhfx¿sf] lrqx¿ cjnfs] g u/L nfs] afhfsf] gfd klxrfg u/f“} .
-nfs] afhfx¿ M em/f,{ d'/nL, ;f/ª\uL, 8Dkm' , dfbn, dGbf| _

lj|mofsnfk !@=!)

tkfO“{ a;fa] f; ug]{ :yfgdf s'g s'g :yfgLo afhfx¿ ahfOG5, cleefjs;u“
;f]wvfh] u/L :yfgLo afhfx¿sf] ;r" L tof/ u/L sIffdf k|:tt' ug'{xf];\ .

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s tyf l;hg{ fTds snf sIff $ 129

k|ltlaDag

uLt ufpg' eg]sf] xfdLn] af]Ng] af]nL jf cfjfhaf6 ;ª\uLtdo Wjlg pTkGg ug'{ xf] .

uLt ufpg], gfRg] / afhf ahfpg] ;a} sfo{ ;ªu\ LtcGtut{ kb5{ g\ .

/fd|f;] uF uLt ufpg, afhf ahfpg / g[To ug{ ;ªu\ Ltsf] cEof; ugk{' 5{ .

;ª\uLtdf ;ftcf]6f z4' :j/ ;f /] u d k w lg x'G5g\ .

z'4 ;ft, sf]dn rf/ / tLj| Ps u/L hDdf Ps ;Ktsdf afx| :j/x¿ xG' 5g\ .

:ff :j/af6 dflylt/ hfg] j|mdnfO{ cf/f]x / dflysf] :ff+ :j/af6 tnlt/ emg]{ jm| dnfO{
cj/fx] elgG5 .

;Ktsx¿ tLgcf6] f x'G5g\ . wfb] |f] cyjf df6] f] :j/nfO{ dGb| ;Kts, xfdf| ] ;fdfGo af]
nLrfnLsf] l7Sssf] :j/nfO{ dWo ;Kts / ltvf] / rsf]{ :j/nfO{ tf/ ;Ktssf] :j/
elgG5 .

;ª\uLtdf PseGbf a9L :j/ ;dx" agfO{ cf/fx] cj/f]x jm| ddf :j/ cEof; ugn{' fO{
cnª\sf/ cEof; elgG5 .

sg' } 7fpF ljzi] fdf a;f]af; ug{] hflt jf ;d'bfosf] cfkmg\ } efiffdf cfwfl/t uLtnfO{
:yfgLo jf dfte[ fiffsf] uLt elgG5 .

afnaflnsfsf] :jefj / ?lrnfO{ Wofg lbP/ agfOPsf dgf/] ~hgfTds jf ;Gbz] dn" s
uLtnfO{ afnuLt elgG5 .

s'g} klg b]zsf] /fli6o« ufg Pp6} xG' 5 . cGo /fli6o« uLt Jff Zjb]z ufgx¿ km/s
km/s lsl;dsf xG' 5g\ .

:yfgLo nfs] uLtdf aHg] afhfnfO{ :yfgLo afhf elgG5 . :yfgLo nfs] afhfx¿ 7fpF
tyf hfltcg';f/ km/s km/s lsl;dsf xG' 5g\ .
cEof;

!= vfnL 7fp“df pkoS' t zAb 5fgL jfSo k"/f ug{x' f];\ M

cf/fx] , :yfgLo, cnªs\ f/, jfbg, ;ft, ljs[t, afx|, rf/

-s_ ;ªu\ LtcGtut{ ufog, ========= / gT[ o kb5{ g\ .

130 :jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s tyf l;h{gfTds snf sIff $

-v_ ;ª\uLtdf ===========cf6] f z'4 :j/x¿ xG' 5g\ .
-u_ ;f :Jf/af6 dflylt/ hfg] j|mdnfO{ =============elgG5 .
-3_ sfd] n / tLj| :j/nfO{ ;ª\uLtdf======:j/ elgG5 .
-ª_ Ps ;Ktsdf hDdf ====cf6] f z'4 ljst[ :j/ x'G5g\ .
-r_ Ps :fKtsdf hDdf ===cf]6f sf]dn :j/ x'G5g .
-5_ ;ª\uLtdf Ps eGbf a9L :j/ ;dx" agfO{ cf/f]x cj/fx] j|mddf :j/

cEof; ug'{nfO{ ========cEof; elgG5 .
-h_ sg' } 7fpF ljzi] fdf a;fa] f; ug{] hflt jf ;db' fosf] cfkmg\ } efiffdf cfwfl/t

uLtnfO{ ==========sf] uLt elgG5 .

@= tnsf kZ| gsf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ M

-s_ :j/ cEof; lsg ul/G5 <

-v_ :j/ cEof;df cf/fx] cj/f]x eGgfn] s] a'lemG5 <

-u_ afnuLt egs] f] s] xf] < of] lsg dxŒjk"0f{ 5 <

-3_ dft[efiffsf] uLt lsg ufpgk' 5{ <

-ª_ Ps ;Ktsdf xg' ] z4' :j/x¿ n]Vgx' f];\ .

-r_ VofnL tfndf slt dfqf x'G5g\ < tL dfqfsf] gfd n]Vgx' f];\ .

-5_ VofnL tfndf dfbn s;/L ahfOG5 <

-h_ s'g} kfrF :yfgLo nfs] afhfsf gfd n]Vgx' f];\ .

-em_ tkfOF{ a;fa] f; ug{] 7fpFdf ahfOg] sg' } Ps :yfgLo afhfsf] lrq agfO{
ahfpg] tl/sf klg pNn]v ug{x' f;] \ .

-`_ xftdf tfnL lbg] cEof; lsg ug'{k5{ <

-6_ :yfgLo afhfsf] dxŒj nV] gx' f];\ .

-7_ sIffut uLt, /fli6o« ufg, :yfgLo uLt / afnuLtnfO{ noa4 ¿kdf
ufpg'sf sf/0fx¿ n]Vgx' f;] \ .

-8_ tkfO{FnfO{ dg kg{] sg' } tLg hgf gofF jf k/' fgf ufos÷jfbssf] gfd
nV] gx' f;] \ .

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s tyf l;h{gfTds snf sIff $ 131

kl/ofh] gf sfo{

-s_ sIffut uLtnfO{ noa4 ¿kdf ufO{ jf /]s8{ u/]/ sIffdf ;'gfpg'xf];\ .

-v_ s'g} Pp6f afnuLt Pp6f :yfgLo uLtnfO{ noa4 ¿kdf ufpgx' f];\ .

-u_ tkfOF{ a;fa] f; ug{] 7fpdF f ufOg] s'g} Pp6f :yfgLo nf]suLt jf :yfgLo uLt
cleefjssf] ;xof]udf nV] g'xf;] \ / sIffdf noa4 ¿dkf ufpg'xf;] \ .

-3_ tkfOF a;fa] f; ug{] 7fpdF f ahfOg] sg' } kfrF cf6] f :yfgLo nfs] afhfx¿sf] ;r" L
agfpgx' f;] \ . tL afhfx¿sf] lrq agfpgx' f;] \ / s;/L ahfOG5 < sIffdf
;fyLx¿nfO{ ;g' fpgx' f;] \ . ;Dej eP sIffdf sg' } Ps afhf NofO{ ahfpg] cEof;
ugx{' f;] \ .

ZfAbfy{

cf/fx] M :j/x¿sf] dflylt/ hfg] jm| d
cj/fx] M :j/x¿sf] dflyaf6 tnlt/ emg]{ jf cfl] n{g] jm| d
cnª\sf/ M ljleGg :j/ ;dx" h:fsf] cf/f]x cj/f]x cEof;n] unf tof/ ug{

dbt u5{ .
:sn] M cfkmn" ] ufpg] uLtsf] dV' o :j/
:yfoL M uLtsf] ;'?sf] efu, UfLtsf] klxnf] r/0f jf kªl\ St, klxnf] cgR' 5b]
cGt/f M UfLtsf] bf];f| ] efu jf kª\lSt bf];|f] cgR' 5b]
:yfgLo uLtM h'g ufpF jf 7fpdF f xfdL a:5f}+F ToxL 7fpsF f] kr| lnt efiffsf] uLt
afnuLt M afnaflnsfn] ufpg ;Sg] vfnsf] ;/n efiffsf] ;Gb]zd"ns uLt
kf/} vL M s]xL u/fF} eGg] efjgf ePsf] ldlxg]tL / kl/>dL :jefj
Kfmfuu' Lt M sf7df8f}F pkTosfsfdf kr| lnt g]jf/L efiffsf] kmfNu0' f dlxgfdf

ufOg] xfn] L uLt
>4fefj M s;}k|lt ul/g] ;Ddfg tyf cfb/
>Job[Zo M Ps}rf6] L ;G' g / x]g{ ;lsg]

132 :jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s tyf l;h{gfTds snf sIff $

Gf[To / clego !#PsfO

(Dance and Acting)

xfdLnfO{ xfd|f xftsf cfF}+nfn] km"n, gbL, kG5L, k'tNfL p8]sf] b]vfpg c;fWo}
dg k5{ . uLtsf] efjcg';f/ ;ª\uLtsf] no / tfndf ul/g] z/L/sf ljleGg
cªu\ x¿sf] ;~rfngnfO{ xfdL gT[ o eG5fF}+ . z/L/sf ljleGg cªu\ x¿ h:tf] xft,
v6' 6\ f, sDd/, zL/ cflb rnfP/ xfdL gT[ o ug{] u5fF{} . gT[ onfO{ gfr klg elgG5 . xfdf| ]
jl/kl/ hfqf, dn] f, kj{ jf sg' } pT;jx¿df dflg;x¿ gfrs] f t xfdLn] kSs} klg bv] s] f
5f+F} . /fd|f] uLt st} aHof] eg] xfdLnfO{ gfrF' gfr'F nfU5 . xfdL ;w}eF l/ yfx} gkfO{
xft rnfP/ jf cfFvfaf6 w]/} s/' fsf] ;ª\st] ul//x]sf x'G5f+F} . To;}n] g[To egs] f]
uLtsf] nodf z/L/sf cª\ux¿ ;~rfng u/L To;sf] efjnfO{ c? ;dIf k:| t't
ug]{ snf xf] . g[Todf uLtsf] efjcg';f/sf] zª[ u\ f/ ul/G5 . ;fy} ;fx] Lcg';f/sf
j:q / u/uxgf;d]t nufOG5 . o;nfO{ clegosf] ¿kdf lrlgG5 . /fd|f] gT[ o ug{ /
clego ug{ lgoldt cEof; klg ug{k' 5{ . g[To / clegosf] lgoldt cEof;n] xfd|f]
z/L/sf] /fd|f] Jofofd eO{ xfdLnfO{ lg/fu] L / k'mlt{nf] x'g dbt ub5{ .

!#=! sIffut UfLtdf gT[ o cEof;

sIffsf ;a} hgf km/s km/s 7fpdF f Psn] csfn{ fO{ g5f]Osg pleg'xf;] \ . klxn]
alh/xs] f] sIffut uLt Wofg lbP/ ;'Ggx' f;] \ . sIffut UfLtdf ahs] f] tfnsf] nosf
cfwf/df slt dfqfsf] tfn xf] cfnF+} fdf uGtL ugx{' f];\ / To;nfO{ lzIfssf] dbtn]
/fd|/L alh/xs] f] uLtdf xftn] tfnL lbg] cEof; ug'x{ f];\ .

lstfasf kfgf x]/, xfdL eGbf ;fgf
-tL kfgfdf jL/tf /, uf/} jsf ufgf_ @

sndsf 6'Kkf cemF}, cfFn} feGbf ;fgf
-To} 6K' kfn] 1fgL s/' f, n]V5fF} kfgf kfgf_ @

xfdL dfG5] ;fgf ;fgf -kfP ;xL 1fg_ @ 133

kf}/vn] p7fp5F f,}F -gk] fnsf] ;fg_ @
;ae} Gbf zLtn 5fof, -lxdfnsf] 5fof_ @

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s tyf l;hg{ fTds snf sIff $

-hlt a95\ fF} plt a95\ , :jbz] sf] dfof_ @

xfdL /fK] 5f}F+ af6] lap -xfdL wtL{ sf5] f{_F} @

;a} ldnL g]kfndf, -dfof /ª e5f}{F_ @

k9L n]vL l;k l;Sg,] -k}nf] xfdf| ] sfd_ @

-h] h] l;S5f+F} r9fOlbG5f}F o} bz] sf] gfd_ @

lj|mofsnfk !#=!

g[To cEof; u/f}“
plePs} cj:yfdf bO' { xft sDd/df /fvL sDd/ xNnfpbF } cfkm\gf v6' 6\ fnfO{
-bfofF—Ps, afofF—b'O,{ bfofF—tLg_ u/L bO' { k6s eO' {Fdf rnfpgx' f;] \ . h:faf6 5
dfqfsf] tfndf v'66\ f ;~rfng ug{ ;lhnf] x'G5 . To;u} /L -afofF—Ps,bfofF—
bO' {, afof—F tLg, bfofF—rf/_ u/L bO' { k6s eO' dF{ f rnfpgx' f;] \ . h:faf6 cf7
dfqfsf] tfndf v6' 6\ f ;~rfng ug{ ;lhnf] xG' 5 . ca xft / v'66\ fnfO{ vn' f
/fVg'xf];\ . klxn] v6' 6\ f To;kl5 xft / sDd/ rnfP/ gT[ o cEof; ugx'{ f];\ . ca
alh/xs] f] sIffut uLtdf zAbsf] efjcg';f/ no / tfndf gfRgx' f];\ .

lzIf0f lgb{]zg
ljBfyL{nfO{ sIffut uLtsf] >Job[Zo ;fdu|L ;'gfpg' / b]vfpg'xf];\ . cfjZoStfg';f/
cfkmg\ f] jl/kl/ /x]sf /fdf| ] gT[ o ug]{ snfsf/;uF ;xofu] lng'xf;] \ . ;f] geP cGo 7fpdf /x]sf
gT[ o snfsf/;uF ;dGjo u/L ;fs] f] k|ToIf lel8of] dfkm{t\ l;sfpg] jftfj/0f agfpgx' f;] \ . cfkm"
gT[ odf kf/ªu\ t gePsf] egL ljBfyLn{ fO{ l;Sg] cj;/af6 jl~rt gu/fpgx' f;] \ . cGo JolStsf]
;xofu] df klg l;sfpg] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ul/lbg'xf];\ .

!#=@ :yfgLo uLt, dfte[ fiffsf] uLt / afnuLtdf g[To cEof;

ljm| ofsnfk !#=@
g[To k"j{sf] cEof;
tnsf] lrqdf bv] fOP h:t} v'6\6f jf uf8] fsf k}tfnfsf] ss' R{' rf / cufl8sf
kGhf klg j|mdzM kfn}kfnf] rnfpgx' f];\ . lz/df xft /fvL uf8] fsf] s's{'Rrfn]
PskN6 bfofF / jm| dzM Ps k6s afoflF t/ em's/] eO' {Fdf xfGg] cEof; ug{x' f];\ .
lz/dfly xftn] k'mn agfO uf]8f pkmfb{} cufl8 / k5fl8 ub{} GffRgx' f;] \ .

134 :jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s tyf l;hg{ fTds snf sIff $

o;u} /L b'O{ xftsf xTs]nfnfO{ cfkmF}lt/ kmsfp{ g'xf];\ . ca bj' } xftsf a9' L cf}n+F fnfO{
Pscfk;df hf]8g\ x' f];\ / c+s';] agfO{ xftsf kGhfnfO{ rnfpFb} r/fsf] cfsl[ t
agfpgx' f];\ . r/fsf] cfs[lt alg;s]kl5 xft kmn} fpFb} bfofF / afofF nojå tl/sfn]
v6' \6f rnfpg] cEof; ug{'xf];\ .

ljm| ofsnfk !#=#

gT[ o cEof;
cfkmn" ] sIffdf ufpg l;ss] f] laxfg w]/} ;T' g] cN5L afgL 5f]8f+} ====afnuLtdf
efjcg';f/ gT[ o cEof; ug'x{ f;] \ .

lj|mofsnfk !#=$

:yfgLo jf dft[efiffsf] uLtdf gT[ o cEof;
cfkm\gf] 7fpFsf] :yfgLo uLt tyf dft[efiffsf] uLtdf lj|mofsnfk !&=@ / !&=#
sf] g[To ug]{ cEof;sf cfwf/df efj;lxt gT[ o k|bzg{ ug{'xf];\ .

!#=# clego (Acting)

g[Tosf] Pp6f dxŒjk"0f{ kIf clego xf] . ha xfdL ;ª\uLtsf] no / tfnsf] lgoddf
uLtsf] efjnfO{ lnP/ clego u5f{F} Tof] g[To x'g hfG5 . clegodf ;ªu\ Ltsf] no /
tfnsf] s7f]/ lgodnfO{ TotL kfngf ul/Fb+ g} . o;df cfkm\gf] efjsf] k:| t'ltsf nflu
:jtGq ¿kn] z/L/sf ljleGg cªu\ :f~rfng ul/G5 . ha sg' } ljifoj:t' jf syfsf]
efjdf 8a' /] efjsf] k:| tt' L ul/G5 To; sfo{nfO{ clego elgG5 .

xfdLn] gf6s, rnlrq, o'6\oa' / l6eLdf ljleGg 6l] nrnlrqdf ul/Psf] clego x/] ]

sf 5fF} . s;}n] lx/f,] lx/fO] g, /fIf;sf] clego u/]sf x'G5g\ eg] s;}n] xF;fpg] xf:o

snfsf/sf] clego u/]sf x'G5g\ . sltn] t cGo el' dsfdf syfn] dfu]cg;' f/sf rl/

qsf] gSsn ug{] sfl] ;; ul//x]sf x'G5g\ . wflds{ syfdf t sltn] /fd, :fLtf, s[i0f,

/fwf, /fj0f, b]jL, a'4, cflbsf] rl/qsf] gSsn ul//xs] f xG' 5g\ . oL ;a} gSsn

ug]{ sfo{ clego leq} k5g{ \ . xfdf| ] jl/kl/ 3l6/xs] f ljleGg /fdf| g/fd|f 36\gf;uF

;DalGwt ljifoj:t' / ltgsf kfqsf] efjnfO{ h:tfsf] To:t} gSsn u/L k|:t't

ug{] snfnfO{ clego dflgG5 . clegodf ljifoj:tc' g;' f/sf j]ze"iff / zª[ u\ f/df

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s tyf l;hg{ fTds snf sIff $ 135

;lhP/ z/L/sf cªu\ x¿ rnfO, xfpefp;lxt af]n/] gSsn ug]{ ul/G5 . clegonfO{
g[Tosf] Pp6f cªu\ sf] ¿kdf klg lnOG5 .

lj|mofsnfk !#=%

clgeo u/f}“ M
tnsf ljifoj:tx' ¿df clego ug{x' f;] \ M

-s_ 3/df Hj/f] cfP/ ;'lt/x]sf la/fdL a'af, vf]sL nflu/x]sL cfdf, Zjf;
kmg] { ufxf| ] ePsL alxgL, 3/df PSn} /fO] /xs] f] efO, l5ds] Ln] afn] fP/ NofPsf]
8fS6/sf] clego tyf ;+afb .

-v_ Hj/f] cfPsf] / Hj/fs] f] /fs] yfd u/s] f] clego, vfS] bf jf xf5o\ ' ubf{ gfs, d'v
l6:o'k]k/, ?dfn, sl' xgfn] s;/L 5fK] g], df:ssf] ko| f]u, k|ofu] u/]sf] j:ts' f]
Joj:yfkg ug]{ tl/sfsf] clego, xft w'g], :oflg6fOh/, l86f]n jf ;fa'gsf]
k|of]u ug]{ clego, sf/] f]gfaf6 hfl] ug] pkfox¿sf] k|rf/ / c¿nfO ;Nnfx,
xft ldnfpgs' f] ;6\6f gd:sf/ ug]{ afgL, sf/] f]gf ePsf] JolStnfO{ pko'St
7fpFdf /fVg], aflx/ bz] ljbz] af6 cfpg]nfO{ cnUu} /fVg];DaGwL ;a} lsl;dsf
rl/qdf clego ug]{ cflb .

!#=$ ;dx" df ;j+ fb ;lxt clegosf] cEof;

tkfO{Fx¿ Kff| oM 3/df l6eL, sDKo6' /, dfa] fOn, o6' o\ 'j cflb x]g{'ePsf] xfn] f . ljleGg
rfv nfUbf wflds{ jf afnsyfdf cfwfl/t sf6g{' , 6l] nrnlrq, ljleGg xf:oJoªU\ ox¿
xl] //xF' h:tf] nfU5 xf]nf . a'af, cfdf:fuF slxns] fxLF l;gd] f xndf rnlrq;d]t
x]g{ hfg' ePsf] 5 xfn] f<oL ;a} x]g{ xfdL lsg cfslift{ x'G5f+F} < lsg x]¿F x¿] F nfU5,
yfxf 5 < kSs} klg ToxfF bv] fOPsf snfsf/n] /fd|f] / jf:tljs h:t} clego u/s] f
xG' 5g\ . xfd|f] ;dfhdf a:g] ;a} dflg;x¿sf cfkm}Fleq 36s] f cfkmg\ } 36gf, cg'ej,
efu] fO, ;'v, bM' v, kL8f, dfof, k|]d cflb x'G5g\ . ltg} 36gf sxfgL jf ljifoj:t'df
cfwfl/t eO{ clegodfkmt{ \ c¿nfO{ cjut u/fpg ;lsG5 . tL 36gf jf ljifoj:t'
cflb h'g;s' } xg' ;S5g\ . wflds{ , ;fdflhs, /fhgLlts, cflys{ jf cGo s'g} klg
:jf:Yo ;DaGwL ;Gbz] dn" s jf r]tgfd"ns .

136 :jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s tyf l;h{gfTds snf sIff $

ljm| ofsnfk !#=^

;d"xdf ;d"xdf /fvL sg' } 36gf, ljifo, syfdf cfwfl/t, ljleGg kzk' +IfL,
r/fr?' ªu\ Lx¿sf cfjfh gSsn u/L sIffdf clego kb| zg{ ug'x{ f;] \ .

s;s} f] cfjfh, ;j+ fb, af]nL Jojxf/, rfnrng cflbsf] gSsn x'ax' u/L sIffdf
k|bzg{ ugx{' f;] \ .

k|ltlaDag

!= ufog jf jfbg;uF ul/g] z/L/sf ljleGg cª\ux¿sf] clego / rfnnfO{ g[To
elgG5 .

@= no / tfnjå ¿kdf ha uLtsf] efjcg;' f/ clego ul/G5 To;nfO{ klg gT[ o
elgG5 .

#= clegonfO{ g[Tos} Pp6f cªu\ sf ¿kdf lnOG5 .

$= gk] fnsf ljleGg If]qdf a;fa] f; ug]{ hfthflt / efiffefifLsf k/Dk/fut
dfl} ns g[To g} :yfgLo nfs] gT[ o x'g\ .

%= ;ªu\ Ltdf ko| fu] xg' ] ;do / tfnsf] ;dfg ult jf rfnnfO{ no elgG5 .

^= gT[ odf ljzi] f u/L xft / cf+}Fnfaf6 ljleGg d'b|f jf cfsl[ t agfP/ cfkmg\ f] efj
k|s6 ug]{ sfo{ ul/G5 .

&= l;s/] , x/] /] / /fd/| L gSsn u/]/ g[To l;Sg ;lsG5 .

*= g[To / clegon] dflg;sf] zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s cj:yfnfO{ ;Gtn' gdf /fVg]
sfd ub{5 .

(= sg' } rl/q, syf jf ljifoj:ts' f] efjcg;' f/ gSsn ug]{ snf g} clego xf] .

!)= gT[ o / clegosf] cEof;n] l;h{glzntf a9fpFg dbt ub5{ g\ .

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s tyf l;h{gfTds snf sIff $ 137

cEof;

!= tn lbOPsf] vfnL 7fp“df pkoS' t zAb eg'x{ f;] \ M

-db' f| , gT[ o, clego_
-s_ clego =================================sf] Ps cª\u xf] .
-v_ ;ª\uLtsf] no / tfndf uLtsf] efjcg;' f/ z/L/sf cª\u ;~rfng

ug{] sfo{nfO{ ===================== elgG5 .
-u_ sg' } JolStsf] xfpefpnfO{ gSsn ug{' =================================xf] .
-3_ gT[ odf xft / cfnF+} faf6 ljleGg ========================== jf cfsl[ t agfP/

cfkmg\ f] efj k|s6 ug{] sfo{ ul/G5 .

@= tnsf kZ| gsf] pQ/ lbgx' f;] \ M

-s_ gT[ o egs] f] s] xf] <
-v_ g[Tosf kmfObfx¿ pNn]v ug{x' f];\ .
-u_ clego eGgfn] s] al' emG5 <
-3_ gT[ o / clegodf s] km/s 5 <
-ª_ clego ubf{ s] kmfObf x'G5 <
-r_ clegodf ;ªu\ Ltsf] no / tfnsf] lgodnfO{ s8fOsf ;fy kfngf

ug{k' 5{ ls kbg{} , lsg <
-5_ s:tf] lsl;dsf] g[TonfO{ :yfgLo gT[ o elgG5 <
-h_ :yfgLo nf]s g[To ubf{ s'g sg' s'/fdf Wofg k¥' ofpgk' 5{ <
-em_ ægT[ o tyf clegon] dflg;nfO{ :j:Yo / kml" tn{ f] agfpg ;xofu] ub5{ .Æ

o; egfOn{ fO{ ts{;lxt kl' i6 ugx{' f];\ .

138 :jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s tyf l;hg{ fTds snf sIff $

zAbfy{

jz] e"iff M clego ubf{ nufOg] ljifoj:tc' g';f/sf klx/g tyf g[To ubf{ nufOg]
dfl} nstf emNsg] lsl;dsf kf];fs

>[ª\uf/ M gT[ o tyf clegosf] rl/q efjcg';f/sf] z/L/ Pjd\ cg'xf/sf] ;hfj6

s's'{Rrf M v'66\ fsf] kt} fnfsf] k5fl8sf] 6S] g] efu

xfpefp M cfk"mn] af]n]sf s'/fnfO{ z/L/sf cª\ux¿;d]tsf] O;f/faf6 ;Fu;Fu}
ke| fjsf/L ¿kdf efj JoSt ug{] tl/sf

:jf:Yo,zf/Ll/s tyf l;hg{ fTds snf sIff $ 139