Coastal Nav correspondence 2021

www.sydneyports.com.au/port_operations/sydney_pilot_service/passage planning
Check out the animations on passage planning to Sydney Australia.

www.ppsp.com.au on safety management and passage plan
What is the current practice on pilotage passage plan?

www.brisbanepilots.com.au/dpp.php on digital passage plan

www.newportcorp.com.au to view pilot passage plans (PPP)

www.msq.qld.gov.au/Shipping/Pilotage.aspx to view pilot passage plans (PPP)

www.pka.gov.my
Check out on Port Kelang marine information handbook revised 2019

Passage planning guidelines (6th. edition 2021 Witherbys)
Conduct of passage section 1 part 3

Navigation for masters (4th. Edition 2012) by D.J House

Standing orders page 4 - 5

Anchor plan page 9

Passage planning chapter 4

Navigation Advanced by Captain Nadeem Anwar (2015)

Passage planning chapter 2

SAR chapter 12

Navigation in shallow waters (2017), Witherbys
Chapter 4 - squat

Bridge Resource Management (2015), Antonio Di Lieto
p 110 technical resources on a ship’s bridge

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14. Monitoring turns using radar – Captain Paul Chapman

Or Seaways March 2014 pp 21- 23 Seaways June & October 2013

Rate of turn (degrees/minute) = 0.96 x V/R

V = speed in knots R = radius in nautical miles
P = R (1- cos θ ) + F sin θ

Do you want to use the channel (as per your passage plan) or not? Please make-up
your mind Vera.
www.gov.im/lib/docs/ded/shipregistry/formsdocs/.../britishcygnet_vera.pdf
You can access the report on Vera collision. 2nd officer failed to execute the
turn as expected i.e. insufficient rate of turn.

www.onnettomuustutkinta.fi
You can access the report on OOCL Nevskiy grounding after disembarked
pilot when the wind was about 11 m/s and gusting to 14 m/s.
What is the Beaufort scale like for this wind?

Collisions and their causes,Captain R.A Cahill(2002)Nautical Institute
p 147 … it was at fault to order only 15° of starboard helm, rather than hard to

starboard, when she did take action. Mineral Dampier/Hanjin Madras collision

15. Managing collision avoidance (2008), Nautical Institute
p 29 Master’s standing orders

How to use TCPA to create deadline for a safe escape by the stand-on vessel?
Fatal zone (2 L), Danger zone (4 L) High risk zone (6 L)and Risk zone(7.5 L)
What are these zones?

- Bridge Team Management (2004), Nautical Institute

p 6 casualties and their causes p 8 safe navigation – the overview

- The nautical Institute on command
pp 10 – 16 master’s standing orders

- The human element – a guide to human behavior in the shipping industry (2010),
TSO
p 16 what are the 8 aspects of human nature?
p 39 behavioral rule book
p 86 what are the 3 types of glue?
p 87 taking the con- do and don’t s

www.dft.gov.uk MGN 505 HUMAN ELEMENT GUIDANCE - PART 1

Fatigue and Fitness For Duty: Statutory Duties, Causes Of Fatigue And Guidance On

Good Practice

MGN 520 December 2016 – Deadly dozen

Hoegh Osaka January 2015 – passage planning @ Bramble bank, the Solent, UK.
CMA CGM Vasco de Gama August 2016 on rate of turn (ROT)

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Approaching port during ebbing tide, is it a concern to you as a master?
How about violation of the SMS procedures?

Information overload;
give people information at the wrong time – when they are already overloaded – and
they won’t hear it

Common Spirit www.bst-tsb.gc.ca on the passage plan, where to let go anchor?
What should be the speed of approach? What is the angle of approach? Look-out the
window to assess the speed of approach.
Refer page 133 on anchoring

www.Beamer-france.org GROUNDING OF THE OCEANOGRAPHIC VESSEL
MARION DUFRESNE ON 14 NOVEMBER 2012 IN THE WESTERN APPROACHES
OF ÎLE DE LA POSSESSION (CROZET ARCHIPELAGO).

With 97 passengers and 48 crew members on board, is it a special purpose ship
(SPS) in accordance with A. 534 (13)?
Who was in charge on the navigational watch during the incident?

The master, 55 year old, holds an unlimited master certificate. He has been in a
master position for 16 years: from 1996 to 2006 in the Delmas company then, since
August 2006, in the CMA CGM company (at the date of the event, it was
his 21st posting as a master for CMA CGM). He commanded most of the ship types
of the company, particularly container ship of any size.

16. Peril at sea and salvage; A guide for Masters (2020) by ICS/OCIMF

When a ship suffers a casualty, or is otherwise in a position of peril, the master must
decide as a matter of urgency whether assistance, including salvage assistance, is
needed or if the situation can be handled using the ship’s own resources.

The master should be authorized to take whatever measures he considers necessary
to protect life, his ship and the environment, without reference to a third party.

p1
The master should immediately assess the dangers to which the ship is exposed
………. It is better to overact on the side of safety and pollution prevention than to
hope that the situation may improve.

Casualty management guidelines (2012), Nautical Institute
Chapter 7 command and control
Chapter 09 The lawyer’s perspective

Beacon issue 202 ShipArrestor system by Miko marine AS

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17. Shiphandling for the mariner (2004) D.H.MacEleverey

p 11 and 18 on the turning circles required

p 49 plan ahead to use natural force to advantage
p 50 proceeds at moderate speed when in a channel so…..

p 51 sufficient headway needed to maintain steerage yet keep speed as low as

possible to minimize unwanted hydrodynamics effect

p 66 one ship length rule p 68 on situational awareness

pp 75 - 77 using aids to navigation when turning
pp 95 – 100 safe speed for minimum underkeel clearance

p 118 speed of approach
pp 295 – 296 on BRM
p 300 on ‘shared mental model’
What is ‘mental trap’?

BRM (2015) Antonio Di Lieto page 222 on voyage planning

Based on BTM – “ It is easy for the officer of the watch to fall into the mental trap that
he is able to cope with anything that watch-keeping presents to him. This may be a
result of misunderstanding; an assumption that is quite normal for a watchkeeper to
do it all himself; or even a fear that he may be seen to be inadequate by calling for
assistance.”

MAB0702 New Delhi Express grounding whilst under pilotage in near zero visibility.
www.ntsb.gov

What happened on Sea Mithril when the master relied totally on the pilot for
safe navigation of his vessel

p3 At 0215hrs when visibility was only 50 m …………….. pilot discussed with the
master and agreed that it was safe to continue the passage.

At 0400 hrs with 8 knots speed ….. neither riverbank nor any shore light were visible
At 0410 hrs .. Officers and master exchanged communications in their mother tongue
At 0425 hrs vessel softly aground.
p13 none of the crew including the chief officer know how to steer the ship except the
master.
p13 there was no written passage plan or chart preparation for the for the river
passages for both ports (Amsterdam and Humber)

Refer to www.globalmet.org GlobalMET October 2013 …. on Trust, Integrity,
Professionalism and Understanding (TIPU)

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18. R.N Rowe shiphandler’s guide Vw = in knots
p 32 significant effect of wind when it’s 3x ship’s speed
p 43 approximate wind force (tonnes) = v²/18 ----(1)
(for each 1 000 m²) v is in m/s

Mooring & anchoring (Vol.1) (I.C.Clark MNI)
p5 Wind pressure = 0.9/6 x (Vw)² N/m² --------(2)

Refer to Hoegh London (car carrier) collision with 3 vessels at berth
Assisted by 3 tugs in wind gusting to 9 Bft during a passing of weather front and
ebbing stream. There were 2 harbour pilots with an additional of a sea pilot i.e. 3
pilots on board
LOA 228.7m Beam 32.26 m Lateral windage area about 6 700 m² Draft 10 m
Engine 13 062 kW bow thruster 1 800 kW equates to 27 T bollard pull at 232/min
Service speed 13.7 kn

What is the force exerted on the ship by the winds?

Fw = 0.08 x V² x A (Kgf) -----------(3)

V = wind velocity in m/s A = longitudinal wind area in m²

Tug use in port Captain Henk Hensen (FNI)
Chapter 5 p 74 tug forces required to stop sideways movement:
For open berth= 0.09D x v² tons for solid berth = 0.07D x v² tons

SS
v = initial speed (m/s)
D = displacement
S = stopping distance in metres

Refer to Clipper Point (ro-ro passenger vessel) on 24 May 2011
The master’s decision to enter the Port of Heysham, with strong winds, reduced
bow thruster power, and restricted manoeuvring room was ill-considered. The
teamwork between the officers on the bridge was ineffective and the master had no
contingency plan once the manoeuvre started to go wrong. The bridge controls were
awkward to use; they and the navigational information provided at the bridge wings
did little to support the master in conducting what was a very challenging berthing
manoeuvre.

HSC Norman Arrow contacted the berth whilst shifting on August 2010
(see item 15 – on shifting berth)

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Richard With

19. Assembly resolution A.851 (20) General principles for ship reporting systems

p 66 general principles
pp 67 – 73 guidelines for reporting incidents involving harmful substances and/or

marine pollutants

Ship name: ALAM DUA call sign 9MXXX
Position : 02°N 102°E Course : 120° Draught: 13 m

Write the report to be sent to coastal State and owner/operator upon collision with
other vessel and threat of pollution is imminent.
Explain the steps taken prior sending the report
Fill-up form LAUT/KEM.1 and send it to Malaysia MARDEP

DR 38/2010 Akta Perkapalan Saudagar(Pindaan dan perluasan) 2010
on … harmful substance

DR 39/2010 Akta Perkapalan Saudagar(Pencemaran minyak) 1994
on … kerosakan pencemaran

DR 10/2005 Akta Perkapalan Saudagar(Pencemaran minyak) 1994
on ….. incident

www.federalgazette.agc.gov.my on the latest Warta Kerajaan check item 04 p 07

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20. SOLAS consolidated edition 2020 chapter V Reg. 11 ship reporting systems.
What are the salient features in ship reporting system?

21. Assembly resolution A.857 (20) guidelines for vessel traffic services
p 120 liability element of an accident following compliance with VTS guidance.

Read Young Lady p6 …. the designated VTS authority instructed her to anchor on
arrival. What happened when the weather turned bad?

www.atsb.gov.au GOA collided with pleasure craft off Newcastle. Did the VTIC
intervene prior the collision?

www.amsa.gov.au/shipping_Safety/Great_Barrier_Reef_and_Torres_Strait/

MASTREP Marine Notice 10/2013 The effective use of AIS!

www.amsa.gov.au/Shipping_Safety/REEFVTS on its objectives, mandatory reporting
requirements and user manual.

IAMSAR manual volume III (2019), IMO: read on AMVER

www.amver.com Browse through the reporting manual (in English). Pay attention to
page 4 on report format, when and what to report.

SOLAS consolidated edition 2014 chapter V
- reg.21 on requirement to carry IAMSAR manual

or refer to Advanced Navigation p 229 on AMVER

Refer to item 24 on mandatory reporting

www.atsb.gov.au Kota Pahlawan leakage whilst transitting the Great Barrier Reef.
Should they report to REEFVTS or Australian RCC?

22. Admiralty List of Radio Signal vol.1 (NP 281) Medical advice by radio, radio
quarantine reports from ships at sea, pollution reports by radio, piracy and armed
robbery reports.
www.icc-ccs.org.uk/prc/piracyreport.php View live piracy map

Read MSC 86 -18-2 on best management practices to deter piracy in Gulf of Aden
and off coast of Somalia

Read also Best Management Practices (BMP 5) to deter piracy in the Gulf of Aden
and off the coast of Somalia version 4 July 2011 June 2018 particularly on the
recommendations.

NPM 42/2010 security incident report
NPM 43/2010 SSAS
MSN03/2009 on MMCC
Where to address your SSAS?

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23. SOLAS consolidated edition 2020 chapter V Reg. 34 safe navigation and avoidance

of dangerous situations .
What are the master’s rights in making decision necessary for safe navigation and

protection of the environment? Refer also item 7 page 9

M.V Hill Harmony (1994) on a journey between Vancouver and Japan. The master
refused to follow instructions given by shore-weather route. The vessel was on time-
charter. What was the verdict given by The House of Lords?

Admiralty List of Lights vol.3 (NP 283) maritime safety information (MSI)
Read on weather routeing services, International Ice Patrol and ice reports.
Incorporate MSI in planning ocean passages

From Australia to Japan, which NAVTEX stations will you set to? How to obtain the
weather faxes?

MSC.1 Circ 1287 and 1288 dated December 2008 which amended A.706 (17) world-
wide navigational warning service (WWNWS)
pp 210 – 211 definitions
p 213 subject areas suitable for transmission

MGN 375 Navigation – Maritime Safety Information (MSI) what is considered as poor
visibility?

Command (2000),Nautical Institute pp 340 – 347 weather route and voyage planning
The Nautical Institute on command (2015) pp 10 – 16 master’s standing orders

24. Ships’ routeing edition 2019 part A general provisions on ships’ routeing
pp 1 – 2, pp 4 – 5 &
Part G mandatory ship reporting systems p.I/ii
What are the salient features in ships’ routeing?

Refer to items 19 - 22 on mandatory and voluntary reporting

You are encourage to browse through the following assembly resolutions affecting
major waterways :

A.827 (19) Ships’ routeing p 285 Rules and recommendation on navigation through
the Strait of Istanbul, the Strait of Canakkale and the Marmara Sea.

A.669 (16) Ships’ routeing pp 280 – 282 recommendations on navigation through the
English Channel and the Dover Strait

Resolution A.1080 (28) Adopted on 4 December 2013
RECOMMENDATION ON THE USE OF ADEQUATELY QUALIFIED DEEP-SEA
PILOTS IN THE NORTH SEA, ENGLISH CHANNEL AND SKAGERRAK

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A.619 (15) Ships’ routeing p 117 use of pilotage in the Torres Strait and Great Barrier
Reef area (710.17)

A.620 (15) Ships’ routeing pp 118 – 120 navigation through the entrance of the Baltic
Sea.

A.527 (13) Ships’ routeing p 142 Rules for ships navigating in the Gulf of Suez

or visit www.chirp.co.uk/main/Maritime.htm MFB 11 p 5 on DW route

MARS 200732 traffic separation violation due to oversight, how was it possible?
MARS 200903 traffic hazards off Singapore
MARS 200922 collision in Dover straits
MARS 200957 collision in TSS
MARS 201011 near collision in deep water route

ANM 2021 Notice no.17 on TSS

MARS 201420 Fog bound grounding under pilotage
MARS 201360 Touch bottom event in fog

What are the main causes of the collision between ACX Hibiscus and Hyundai
Discovery off Singapore on 11 Dec 2011? Is lack of situational awareness one of the
causes?

How is it possible for you to collide with a vessel right ahead (while overtaking) in the
TSS? MV SPRING BOK and MV GAS ARCTIC collision 6 nm south of Dungeness,
UK 24 March 2012

Last trip prior retirement for a 60 year-old master (12 years command experience) as
the OOW with 2 passengers on the bridge.

Visibility is 4 cables – no lookout & no sound signals! ARPA malfunctioned
Endless possibilities! Read on MV Lysfoss – missed the waypoint

25. A.949 (23) 2003 Guidelines on places of refuge for ships in need of assistance
p 153 objectives of providing a place of refuge
p 154 definitions
Why do the master/salvor need to seek a place of refuge?

26. Admiralty list of radio signals Vol.5 section 17 distress, search and rescue.
Describe SAR requirements
www.mmea.gov.my/mmeaBI/
Describe on medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) off Malaysian waters

M.V Tampa incident off Christmas Island in August 2001

Item 19 until 26 is on reporting and routeing

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27. Radar and ARPA manual (2014), Alan Bole, Bill Dineley and Alan Wall
pp 317 – 353 on radar plotting
Pay attention to page 328 regarding the danger in attempting to guess the action
taken by a target
pp 347 – 350 on accuracy and errors of manual plotting
pp 365 – 367 on the cumulative turn

What is “ghost effect” of wind farms? Refer Riskwatch November 2008 p 4
www.britanniapandi.com

Visit www.chirp.co.uk/main/Maritime.htm
MFB 12 p 2 on radar and parallel indexing

Read also:
Integrated Bridge Systems Vol.1 radar and AIS by Dr.Andy Norris
p 95 practical considerations

SOLAS consolidated edition 2020 chapter V Reg. 19 carriage requirements for
shipboard navigational systems and equipment 19.2.4 AIS

A. 917 (22) Guideline for the onboard operational use of shipborne AIS
p 89 use of AIS in collision-avoidance situations

MGN 379 Use of navigational aids- refer item 11 regarding the use of AIS in collision-
avoidance situations

ISGOTT 2020 (6th.edition) pp 74-77 on the use communication equipments, radars
and AIS whilst berthing in port
*Refer item 11 p 12 on AIS

Riskwatch (Dec 2015) by Britannia P & I: a costly trap – the vhf assisted collision.

28. Why Cap Blanc EPIRB signals were not detected by shore-based station
(Foundering of ro-ro coaster in Dec 2008; with 4 fatalities. The passage generally last
less than 12 hours depending on weather.)

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29. Worked examples in radar plotting (2001), I.W.Bagshaw
pp 201 – 244 rendezvous and interception examples

1. Find the true course and speed of target if own vessel course is 020ºT

20 knots.(283ºT x 13.3 kn, 1.4’ & 0618 hrs )

Time Bearing (T) Range

0600 040º 8.0’

0603 038º 6.65’

0606 035º 5.45’

0609 030º 4.25’

2. Find the CPA and TCPA

3. Find the new course for own ship to steer to allow target to pass 2.5’ on own port
side (044ºT)

4. Own ship 000ºT x 16 knots
Target 040ºT x 12 knots bears 301ºT at 15’

When and on what bearing the target will be 5 miles away (in 1 hour time, 281°T)

5. Refer to plot provided;
Target 1 210°T 20 knots
Target 2 090°T 20 knots

Own ship 360°T 20 knots @ 0600 hours
Use 6 mins vector(true motion)
Use 12’ range scale

Find the CPA & TCPA of all targets ( zero, 1.5’ & 1.8’ / 0630 hrs, 0633 hrs &
0700 hrs)

How much is the aspect for target 2? (G 34)

6. Refer to the plots provided;
Target 1 330°T 20 knots
Target 2 190°T 20 knots
Target 3 100°T 20 knots

Own ship 360°T 10 knots @ 0600 hours

Use 6 mins vector (true motion)
Use 12’ range scale

Find the CPA & TCPA of all targets

How much is the aspect for target 3?

30. Parallel index techniques in restricted waters by Captain Alain Victor (2014)

Item 27 until 30 on radar navigation

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31. IAMSAR manual volume III mobile facilities section 1 – 3 overview, rendering
assistance and on-scene co-ordination.
Describe the salient points in IAMSAR manual volume III especially in SAR
operations
How to request for MEDICO?
What is the information required by the RCC prior MEDEVAC?
Check SOLAS chapter V Reg. 21

Exercise 1

Person in water Wind 10 knots Meteorological visibility 10 nm

sweep width (Wc)

Find the track spacing (S) for merchant vessels

S = Su x fw

Wc = Wu x fw

Wc =corrected sweep width
Wu =uncorrected sweep width
fw =weather correction factors

Exercise 2

Person in water Wind 16 knots Meteorological visibility 5 nm

Find the sweep width (Wc) for merchant vessels

Exercise 3

25-person liferaft Wind force 7 Meteorological visibility 3 nm

Find the sweep width (Wc) for merchant vessels

Exercise 4

Person in water Sea like a mirror The best of visibility

Find the sweep width (Wc) for merchant vessels

Radar search Ex.5

9 m boat Own ship equipped with 30 m whilst the other ship is with 15 m scanner

height.
Find the track spacing between ships in ”loose line abreast’

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32. Bridge procedures guide (2016),ICS p 91 SAR checklist
Emergency checklist is available in part ………………………

House,D.J. (4th. Edition 2012), Navigation for masters, Witherby
chapter 11 marine helicopter operations pp 229 – 236 routine helicopter
engagement and helicopter recovery.

NP 100 Mariner’s handbook (2020)
Chapter 13 pp 280 – 281

M Notice 09.16 by AMSA on helicopter operations

Navigation Advanced by Nadeem Anwar (2015), 2nd. Edition
Chapter 12 on SAR and helicopter operations

Read also IAMSAR manual volume III mobile facilities
Section 2 Rendering assistance
Assistance by helicopter operations pp 2 - 19 until 2 - 35

Section 4 On-board emergencies
MEDEVAC pp 4 - 9 until 4 -13

DNV bulk carrier update:
No. 13 2016
No.3 December 2009
p 23 strength of hatch covers based on the Rules for ships pt.6 ch.1 sec.2 –
helicopter installations www.dnv.com

33. Download the followings:
www.mcga.gov.uk MGN 325 helicopter assistance at sea on shipboard safety
checklist also available from :
Guide to helicopter / ship operations (2008) ICS / Witherby
p 35 safety checklist

www.amsa.gov.au
Marine Notice 14/2011 Helicopter operations and FAQ

Does SOLAS have any requirement pertaining to helicopter landing area?
Check Reg.III-28 Helicopter landing and pick-up area

M.V. Selendang Ayu www.ntsb.gov/publictn/2006/MAB0601.pdf
How situation change from engine break-down and ends-up in fatal helicopter
accident.

Swedish club 01\2012 p 20 on Selendang Ayu

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KEY QUESTIONS

(PROVIDE BROAD QUESTIONS THAT SHOULD GUIDE STUDENTS INTO MORE
RESEARCH AND TEST THEIR UNDERSTANDING OF THE BASIC CONCEPT AND
FUNDAMENTALS)

Q1. Justify the use of Admiralty charts and publications in American and/or Canadian
ports. How about in NZ or Australian ports? Differentiate between JP and MPA
charts. How to check for the current ENC software version?

Discuss on Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) notice with regards to the
use of digital publications for passage planning.

What is an eNP?

Q2. While approaching port you discover that some of the charts used are not being
corrected, describe the immediate and follow-up actions you will take to minimize risk
to navigation of vessel.

b) You are planning your passage using these charts:
MAL 6128 Pelabuhan Johor
MAL 6130 Selat Johor
MAL 6134 Kuala Johor
BA 4044 Johor Strait Eastern Part Publication Date: 26/09/2002 Latest Edition date:
14/08/2014 15.06.2017

Explain how you manage the corrections affecting it? What does no. 1 in MAL 6128
represents?

c) How to go about ordering these charts?
o SAR 11 Tg Dato to Tg Po
o SAR 13 Tg Po to Kuala Rajang
o SAR 101 Tg Po to Senari port
o SAR 102 Senari to Kuching
o SAR 103 Kuching to Batu Kawa

Where to find information pertaining to these charts?
What are the latest editions available for SAR charts?
SAR 420 – MIRI TO KUALA BARAM (NEW EDITION, JUNE 2010) NTM08/2011

How to obtain the notices to mariners to correct these charts?
What are the publications produced by Marine Department Sarawak? Is 2018 the
latest tide tables produced? Do they produce any chart catalogue?

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Q3. You are planning your passage through Malacca Strait. What are the sources
available for you to gather information regarding the Rules for vessel navigating
through the strait? Explain the risk assessments process regarding the passage.
Explain also on Marine Electronic Highway (MEH). Can you use electronic
navigational publications on Malaysian-registered vessels? What is KR CON?

Write your own master’s standing instructions and night orders for a passage from
Penang to Singapore. What are the key issues you will check on the bridge note
book prepared by the navigating officers?

Q4. Summarize the salient points raised in the Bridge Procedures Guide published by
ICS fifth edition 2016.

Q5. Referring to Bridge Team Management, second edition by Captain A.J Swift,
i. Summarize the general outlines of its contents.
ii. Discuss the margin of safety with regards to track laid down on navigational
charts.
iii. Explain the use of head mark, clearing mark and clearing bearings

iv. Write a short notes on the followings:
Error chains
Ambiguity
Distraction
Mental trap
Inadequacy and confusion
Procedural violations
One man error
Situational awareness
Shared mental model

v) Explain SHEL and Reason’s models in human’s factor

Q6. Generalize the wheel-over bearing and blind pilotage concept mentioned in the
Admiralty manual of navigation (2008),Nautical Institute. Explain the monitoring
technique whilst turning.

Q7. Explain the following points mentioned in ship manoeuvring principles and pilotage
(2001), Paul R. Williamson:
- speed reduction during passage
- flexible manoeuvring plan
- anchoring a ship using radar
- passage planning
- correction for set and drift across narrow channels

Q8. Integrate the following points mentioned in ship handling for the mariner (2004) by
D.H. Mac Elerevey, in your passage plan:
- one ship length rule
- using aids to navigation when turning
- safe speed for minimum underkeel clearance
- speed of approach

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Q9. 11 Feb 2300 SMT
Dep. San Francisco US, bound for Japan. Distance to go 5 000 nm and speed 30
knots. Find ETA Japan.

Q10. Successful voyage is defined as one that fully meets its commercial requirements
and the highest levels of safety and efficiency. As a master, how are you going to
ensure a safe passage? Discuss also the requirements regarding safe bridge
organization as per vessel inspection questionnaire (2020), by OCIMF

Referring to managing tanker transit, discuss the risks posed to LNG vessel when
proceeding to unfamiliar ports:
- considerations when designing the anchorage area
- configuration of the approach channel
- size and shape of the turning basin
- operational management of tanker transits

Q11. Write log entries regarding events related to navigation.

Q12. Summarize the contents of IMO ships’ routeing.

Q13. Discuss the types of reports available in ALRS volume 1.

Q14. Write a short notes on the followings:
- STRAITREP
- MASTREP
- AMVER
- mandatory reporting system
- voluntary reporting system
- reporting complying with SOLAS chapter V and XI-2 i.e. for safety of navigation and
security

Q15. Discuss on the preparations you will take prior to PSCO visit to the bridge and state
the grounds for them to detain your vessel with regards to deficiencies of bridge
organization. Name the ground for this control measures. What is New Inspection
Regime (NIR)?

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Q16. Discuss the following effects on safety of navigation:

- storm surge - negative surge

- seismic sea waves - tide rips/overfalls

- eddy

Explain the use of co-tidal chart (5084 Malacca strait) and tidal stream atlas.

Tide Exercise - ATT. Vol 5 2014
Standard Port : PELABUHAN KLANG

Thu 13 Nov 2014

LW HW LW HW
1448 hrs 2118 hrs
0242 hrs 0858 hrs 2.1 m 4.5 m

2.3 m 4.4 m

Fri 14 Nov 2014

LW HW LW HW
1519 hrs 2203 hrs
0304 hrs 0938 hrs 2.4 m 4.2 m

2.6 m 4.1 m

Sat 15 Nov 2014

LW HW LW HW
1609 hrs 2305 hrs
0353 hrs 1029 hrs 2.6 m 4.1 m

2.8 m 3.8 m

Sun 16 Nov 2014

LW HW LW
1854 hrs
0647 hrs 1151 hrs 2.6 m

2.8 m 3.6 m

Mon 17 Nov 2014

HW LW HW LW
1430 hrs 2002 hrs
0148 hrs 0801 hrs 3.8 m 2.4 m

4.1 m 2.5 m

Tue 18 Nov 2014

HW LW HW LW
1517 2101
0243 0903 4.1 m 2.2 m

4.4 m 2.1 m

Wed 19 Nov 2014

HW LW HW LW
1601 hrs 2156 hrs
0327 hrs 0957 hrs 4.4 m 1.8 m

4.7 m 1.8 m

Secondary port : Lumut pier (4674)
Find the “tidal window “where there is at least 2.0 m height of tide above chart datum

(CD) off Lumut pier (4674) in the evening of 14th.Nov 2014.

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Part II

4686 PELABUHAN KLANG MHW MLW MHWS MHWN MLWN MLWS
1.1
(Standard port) 5.3 3.9 2.5

Zone - 0800 - 0133 - 0138 - 2.3 -1.6 -1.0 -0.4
4674 Lumut pier

Seasonal changes in mean level July August Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb
4643 – 4688 April May June + 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1

- 0.1 0.0 +0.1

Changes based on ATT 2019(page 281) :

Part II

4686 PELABUHAN KLANG MHW MLW MHWS MHWN MLWN MLWS
1.0
(Standard port) 5.1 3.7 2.4
-0.3
Zone - 0800 - 0133 - 0138 - 2.1 -1.4 -0.9
4674 Lumut pier

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Tide Exercise - ATT. Vol 1 2014
Standard Port : LE HAVRE (1582)
Time Zone - 0100

Thu 13 Nov 2014

HW LW HW LW
1406 hrs 2141 hrs
0245 hrs 0916 hrs 7.0 m 2.8 m

7.1 m 2.8 m HW LW
1503 hrs 2233 hrs
Fri 14 Nov 2014 6.6 m 3.1 m

HW LW HW LW
1649 hrs 2333 hrs
0328 hrs 1004 hrs 6.4 m 3.3 m

6.7 m 3.2 m HW HW
1757 hrs 1859 hrs
Sat 15 Nov 2014 6.4 m 6.6 m

HW LW LW HW
1313 hrs 2004 hrs
0434 hrs 1102 hrs 3.2 m 6.9 m

6.5 m 3.4 m LW HW
1419 hrs 2114 hrs
Sun 16 Nov 2014 2.8 m 7.2 m

HW LW LW
1516 hrs
0538 hrs 1206 hrs 2.5 m

6.5 m 3.4 m

Mon 17 Nov 2014

LW HW

0038 hrs 0640 hrs

3.2 m 6.6 m

Tue 18 Nov 2014

LW HW

0145 hrs 0745 hrs

2.9 m 6.9 m

Wed 19 Nov 2014

LW HW

0248 hrs 0853 hrs

2.6 m 7.2 m

Secondary port : Rouen (1589)
Find the height of tide at 0600 GMT on 16th.November 2014 at Rouen (1589)

Coastal Nav A1MATE 2021 09 /Capt.MH Page 120 of 126

HW LW

0000 0500 0000 0700
and and and and
1200 1700 1200 1900

+0440 +0415 +0525 +0525

Seasonal changes in mean level Sept Oct Nov Dec
1581b – 1595a April May June July August 0.0 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1

- 0.1 - 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Part II Time zone - 0100 MHWN MLWN MLWS
MHWS
6.6 2.8 1.2
LE HAVRE (1582) 7.9 -0.1 +1.6 +3.6

Rouen (1589) -0.2

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Tide Exercise - ATT. Vol 1 2015
Standard Port : AVONMOUTH
Time zone = GMT

Thu 14 May 2015
HW LW HW LW

0319 hrs 1001 hrs 1556 hrs 2239
11.3 m 2.4 m 11.5 m 2.3m

Fri 15 May 2015

HW LW HW LW
1658 hrs 2340 hrs
0427 hrs 1109 hrs 12.3 m 1.6m

12.0 m 1.7 m

Sat 16 May 2015

HW LW HW LW
1751 hrs 0035 hrs 17/05
0524 1208 hrs 13.1 m 1.0 m

12.8m 1.1 m

Sun 17 May 2015

HW LW HW LW
1839 hrs 0127 hrs 18/05
0616 hrs 1301 hrs 13.6 m 0.7m

13.4 m 0.7 m

Mon 18 May 2015

HW LW HW LW
1924 hrs 0215 hrs 19/05
0703 hrs 1350 hrs 13.8 m 0.6 m

13.6 m 0.5 m

Tue 19 May 2015

HW LW HW LW
2007 hrs 0259 hrs 20/05
0748 hrs 1435 hrs 13.7 m 0.8 m

13.7 m 0.6 m

Wed 20 May 2015

HW LW HW
2048 hrs
0832 hrs 1515 hrs 13.3 m

13.4 m 0.9 m

Secondary port : Barry (513)

Find the height of tide at Barry (513) on 18th May 2015 at 0756 hours BST.
(GMT + 01)

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HW LW

0600 1100 0300 0800
and and and and
1800 2300 1500 2000
-0025 -0025 -0130 -0045

Seasonal corrections:

Jan Feb April May June Oct Nov Dec
0.0 + 0.1 0.0 0.0
Barry (513) - 0.1 - 0.1 0.0 0.0 - 0.1 + 0.1 +0.1 +0.1

AVONMOUTH (523) 0.0 0.0 - 0.1 - 0.1

Part II Time zone = UT

MHWS MHWN MLWN MLWS

AVONMOUTH (523) 13.2 9.8 3.8 1.0
Barry (513) -1.6 -1.0 -0.2 0.0

Coastal Nav A1MATE 2021 09 /Capt.MH Page 123 of 126

Find the height of tide at Johor Port (4713b) on 12 Dec 2019 at 1100 hours and 1300
hours with the use of harmonic constants.

Q17. Have you heard about detention by a port State control (PSC) for a vessel on a
maiden voyage? How can you as a master ensure that your bridge team members
are familiarized with all bridge equipment and procedures?

What is the relationship between International Management Code for the Safe
Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention (ISM Code) and safety of navigation?

Q18. Write the standing instructions regarding navigation incorporating chapter VIII
STCW 78 and relevant regulations in SOLAS chapter V.

Q19. Referring to peril at sea and salvage, a guide for masters (2020) by ICS & OCIMF,
describe your bridge organization during period of emergency, complying with ISM
Code (2018 edition).

Q20. Explain how you are going to promote the use of IMO SMCP on your vessel.

Q21. Discuss the responsibilities of companies and familiarization training with regard to
your bridge organization.
What is the difference between authority and responsibilities of the master?

Q22. Discuss on your roles as master whilst in compulsory pilotage area. What do you
expect from your officers whilst vessel is in under the control of a pilot?

Q23. Write a sample of log entries regarding:
- medical evacuation.
- SAR efforts

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Q24. Radar plots
Radar and ARPA manual (3rd. edition 2014), Alan Bole, Bill Dineley and Alan Wall

Observing vessel alters course / speed
Target vessel alters course / speed
Performance delay
Head reach
Exercise 1 - 6

Q25. Rendezvous
Q1. Your ship receives a message from ship “ A “ that she requires

assistance. She gives her position and states that she will remain on

course 090°T at 6 knots. The plot shows her to bear 030°T from your
ship’s position and 200 nm off. Your maximum speed is 20 knots. Find the

followings:

a ) Course to reach “ A “ in minimum time

b ) Time taken to rendezvous
c ) Distance steamed to reach “ A “
d ) Time to pick-up “ A “ on radar at a range of 20 nm.

Q26. Describe the outlines of IAMSAR manual volume III especially on-scene co-
ordination during a search and rescue operation. Discuss also about SAR
organization in Malaysian waters. During SAR operations, what are the possible
types of support required by ships?

Q27. Describe the salient points in the checklist for helicopter operations. Where can you
find this checklist? Discuss the preparations on board prior medical evacuation by
helicopter.

Q28. Discuss the preparations on board prior receiving pilot by helicopter.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
1. Admiralty Manual on Navigation (Nautical Institute)
2. Admiralty Publications
3. Cornell Maritime Press (Ship handling for the master)
4. International Chamber of Shipping (Bridge Procedures Guide)
5. International Chamber of Shipping (A guide for passage planning)
6. International Maritime Organisation (IMO), Resolutions
7. International Maritime Organisation (IMO), SOLAS
8. Nautical Institute (Bridge Team Management)
9. Nautical Institute (MARS)
10. Nautical Institute (Seaways)
11. OCIMF (Ship inspection report programme - SIRE)
12. The Electronic Chart (Herbert Winchman Publishers, Germany)
13. The Marine Accident Investigation Branch (Southampton) Safety Digest
14. Warsash Publishing(Parallel Indexing Techniques)
15. Witherbys (Ship Manoeuvring Principles and Pilotage)
16. Witherbys (Passage Planning Principles)
17. Witherbys (Passage Planning Practice)

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