Preparing electrical power and hydraulic tools

LEARNER’S GUIDE

Preparing Electrical Power and Hydraulic Tools

Sector : ELECTRICAL SECTOR
Qualification :

ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION & MAINTENANCE NC III

TECHNICAL EDUCATION AND SKILLS DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY

East Service Road, South Superhighway, Taguig City, Metro Manila

CORE COMPETENCIES

344 hours

UNIT OF MODULE TITLE LEARNING OUTCOMES NOMINAL
COMPETENCY DURATION

1. Prepare 1.1 Preparing  Select and identify of 16 hours

electric and electrical electric power and

hydraulic power and hydraulic tools.

tools hydraulic tools  Maintain electrical power

and hydraulic

2. Perform roughing- 2.1 Performing  Install bus duct or bus way and 24 hours

in activities for bus roughing-in fittings.
ducts and activities for bus  Install underfloor duct and
underfloor ducts. and underfloor
installation fittings.

3. Perform 3.1 Performing  Select the wiring devices used 24 hours
for floor and ground fault current
installation of installation of floor interrupter.

wiring devices for and ground fault  Install the wiring devices for
floor and ground fault current
floor and ground current interrupter interrupter based on standard

fault current

interrupting outlets

 Notify the completion of work in

accordance with the

requirement

4. Perform 4.1 Performing  Plan and prepare work. 40 hours
installation of
electrical installation of  Install electrical protection
protection system
for lightning and electrical protection system.

system for lightning  Notify completion of work.
and grounding.

grounding.

5. Perform 5.1 Performing  Plan and prepare work. 40 hours
installation of installation of  Install lighting fixtures.
electrical lighting electrical lighting  Notify the completion or work in
system on system on auxiliary
auxiliary outlets outlets and lighting accordance with the
and lighting fixtures requirement

fixtures

6. Perform 6.1 Performing  Plan and prepare work. 80 hours

installation of data installation of data  Request materials, tools and
measurement and
control systems on measurement and equipment needed.
electrical and
auxiliary control systems on  Install electrical, auxiliary and
equipment electrical and
protection system equipment.

auxiliary equipment  Install electrical wiring.

 Notify completion of work.

7. Assemble 7.1 Assembling  Check / review type and 40 hours
electrical lighting electrical lighting purpose of electrical control
and motor control and motor control system

system system  Request materials, tools and

equipment

 Inspect electrical materials and

tools

 Assemble electrical control

system

 Notify completion of work

8. Perform 8.1 Performing  Plan, prepare and coordinate 80 hours
maintenance, maintenance, maintenance works.

troubleshooting troubleshooting and  Maintain electrical system or
and repair works
repair works equipment

 Troubleshoot faults in an

electrical system or equipment

 Notify completion of work

Welcome to the module “Preparing electrical power and hydraulic tools”.
This module contains learning materials and activities for you to complete.

The unit of competency "Prepare electric and hydraulic tools" contains the knowledge,
skills and attitudes required for Electrical installation and maintenance. It is one of the
specialized modules at National Certificate level III (NC III).

You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to complete each
learning outcomes of the module. In each learning outcome there are instructions given to
help you better understanding the required activities. Follow these activities on your own
and answer the self-check at the end of each learning outcome. You may remove a blank
answer sheet at the end of each module (or get one from your facilitator/trainer) to write
your answers for each self-check. If you have questions, don’t hesitate to ask your facilitator
for assistance.

The content of this learner’s guide include:

 Information sheet - This is the compilation of the technical knowledge
and information (concepts, principles and other
relevant information) needed in performing certain
activities

 Operation sheet - The operation sheet guides you to perform single
task, process or operation in a job. Example how
to operate the machine and equipment needed in
all the experiments

 Job sheet - This is to guide you to complete a job that will
contribute to the attainment of the learning
outcome

 Worksheets - This consists of exercises that will help reinforce
your learning and to check your understanding on
the technical knowledge needed in this whole task

For each learning activity, there are instructions provided to guide you through the activity.
At the end of each learning activity, you have to complete the worksheet given to ensure
that you have understood the technical knowledge and when you have completed the task
given to you in the job sheet, inform your facilitator.

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

You may already have some or most of the knowledge and skills covered in this learner's
guide because you have:

 been working for some time
 already completed training in this area.

If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are competent in a particular outcome, you
don't have to do the same training again.

Talk to your trainer about having them formally recognized. If you have a qualification or
Certificate of Competence from previous training, show it to your trainer. If the skills you
acquired are still current and relevant to the unit/s of competency they may become part of
the evidence you can present for RPL. If you are not sure about the currency of your skills,
discuss this with your trainer.

After completing this module ask your trainer to assess your competency. Result of your
assessment will be recorded in your competency profile. All the learning activities are
designed for you to complete at your own pace.

Inside this learner's guide you will find the activities for you to complete and at the back are
the relevant information sheets for each learning outcome. Each learning outcome may
have more than one learning activities.

At the back of this learner's guide is a Learner Diary. Use this diary to record important
dates, jobs undertaken and other workplace events that will assist you in providing further
details to your trainer or an assessor. A Record of Achievement is also provided for your
trainer to complete once you complete the module.

Course: Electrical Installation and Maintenance NC III
Unit of competency: Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic tools
Preparing Electrical power and Hydraulic Tools
Module: At the end of the session, learners should be able to:
Learning outcomes:

Duration: 1. Select and identify of electric power and hydraulic tools.
Situating Learning: 2. Maintain electrical power and hydraulic tools.

16 hrs

You had been hired as an electrician of a company. One week after you have
been hired, the company assigns you to carry out preventive maintenance on the
production system. The supervisor wants you to prepare electrical power and
hydraulic tools and you have to consider the following:

1. Hand drills must be in good conditions.
2. Complete sizes of drill bits for metals and masonry must be available.
3. Grinders must be in good conditions.
4. Grinding disc and diamond wheels must be available.
5. Hydraulic pipe bender must be in good conditions.
6. Complete sizes of hydraulic pipe bender shoe must be available.
7. Jackhammers must be in good conditions.
8. Jackhammers bits must be sharpen.

Your supervisor will evaluate your task using these criteria.

1. Procedure for checking hand drill and grinder is correctly followed.
2. Procedure for checking hydraulic tools is followed correctly.
3. A complete accessory of electric power and hydraulic tools is properly

inspected

Your performance on this job will help your supervisor decide to give you a
more complicated work or a simple one.

Assessment Criteria: 1. Select and identify electrical power and hydraulic tools in line with job
specification.

2. Lubricate electrical power and hydraulic tools in line with enterprise
requirements.

3. Inspect and replace auxiliary parts of power tools/hydraulic tools
according to manufacturer’s specifications.

4. Safely store electrical power and hydraulic tools in line with enterprise
requirements

Documents included in this Learner’s Guide:

Summary of documents included in this learner’s guide are:

Learning Performance Criteria Learning Activities Learning documents
chunk (Brief description of (Documents referenced
1. Correct technique strategies, sequence by each learning activity)
1. Uses of electrical are applied when of lesson, evaluation)
power and Identifying uses of
hydraulic tools electrical power 1.1 Identify the uses  Read information Sheet

2. Fill-up requisition 2. Correct technique of hand drill, 1.1.1 – uses of hand
form are applied when
Identifying uses of grinders, drill.
Select and Identify hydraulic tools
Electric power and hydraulic pipe  Answer worksheet
hydraulic tools Requisition forms are bender and jack
fill up correctly 1.1.2 questions on
hammer.
Appropriate electric
power and hydraulic hand drill.
tools are identified and
selected in accordance  Read information
with the job Sheet 1.1.3 – uses of
specification grinders.

 Answer worksheet

1.1.4 questions on

grinders.

 Read information
Sheet 1.1.5 – uses of
hydraulic pipe bender
and jack hammer.

 Answer worksheet

1.1.6 questions on

hydraulic pipe bender

and jack hammer

1. Demonstrate fill  Answer worksheet
up requisition
2.1.1 fill up requisition

form form.

 Perform procedure on

2. Prepare grinder, operation sheet 2.2.1
drilling metal, wood and
hand drill, masonry
Perform procedure on
hydraulic pipe operation sheet 2.2.2
Grinding metal and
bender, and jack  cutting concrete.
hammer. Perform procedure on

Sequence the

procedure on

how to perform

each task. 

operation sheet 2.2.3

bending pipe

 Perform job sheet 2.2.4

Bending rigid conduit.

 Perform job sheet 2.2.5

drilling and grinding.

3. Analyze signs, 1. Sign, symbols, and 1. Review of  Worksheet 3.1.1
symbols and data data are identified
according to job common question on signs,
specifications.
competency symbols and data
2. Sign, symbols and “Interpret technical
data are
determined Drawing and
according to
classification or as Plans”
appropriate in
drawing.

Learning Performance Criteria Learning Activities Learning documents
chunk (Brief description of (Documents referenced
strategies, sequence by each learning activity)
of lesson, evaluation)

4. Interpret 1. Necessary tools, 1. Review of
Technical Drawing materials and
and Plans equipment are common
(supporting identified according
knowledge) to the plan. competency
“Interpret technical
2. Components,
assemblies or Drawing and
object are Plans”
recognized as per
job requirement.

3. Dimensions and
specification are
identified according
to job requirements

Interpret Works 4. Technical plans are  Technical plan
Requirements from obtained according 2. Interpret technical 4.2.1electrical plan.
Drawing
plan.  Answer worksheet
to job requirements 4.2.2 interpret technical
plan.

5. Check Condition 1. Electric power and 1. Demonstrate  Perform procedure on
of Electric power hydraulic tools are procedure to operation sheet 5.1.1
and hydraulic checked in good test electric step to test (trouble
tools conditions power tools. shooting guide) electric
power.
6. Preventive 2. Steps to test on the 2. Demonstrate
maintenance electric power and procedure to  Perform procedure on
hydraulic tools are test hydraulic operation sheet 5.2.1
(Lubricants and correctly followed. power tool. step to test (trouble
cleaning materials) shooting guide)
3. Non-functional hydraulic.
electric power and
hydraulic tools are  Perform the
segregated and worksheets 5.3.1
labeled according identifying conditions.
to classification.
1. Identify types of  Read information
1. Lubricants and
cleaning lubricants and sheets 6.1.1 types of
materials/solvent
are identified. cleaning lubricants and cleaning

materials. materials.

 Answer worksheet

6.1.2 questions on

types of lubricants and

cleaning materials

7. Maintain electric 1. Electrical power 1. Perform the  Perform procedure on
power and and hydraulic tools
hydraulic tools. are cleaned and procedures on operation sheet 7.1.1
lubricated
according to how to clean clean and lubricate
standard
procedures. and lubricate  Perform the procedure

2. Electrical power electric power on operation sheet
and hydraulic tools
are replaced and hydraulic 7.2.1 replace power
auxiliary parts to
tools. cord.

2. Perform the  Perform the procedure
procedures on on operation sheet

how to replace 7.2.1 replace carbon

auxiliary parts of brush.

Learning Performance Criteria Learning Activities Learning documents
chunk (Brief description of (Documents referenced
the manufacturer’s strategies, sequence by each learning activity)
8. Store electrical specifications of lesson, evaluation)
power and
hydraulic tools electric power  Perform the procedure
and hydraulic on operation sheet
Whole Task: tools. 7.2.1 change oil on
9. PREPARE hydraulic pipe bender.

ELECTRICAL 1. Electrical power 1. Perform  Perform the procedure
POWER AND and hydraulic tools
HYDRAULIC are stored safely in procedure on on operation sheet
TOOLS accordance with
manufacturer’s storing electrical 8.1.1 store electrical
specifications or
company power and power and hydraulic
procedures
1. Identifying, hydraulic tools. tools.
selecting and
maintaining 1. Final  Perform the given job
Electric Power performance sheets 9.1.1 select,
and Hydraulic for the whole identify, maintain and
Tools task store electrical power
and hydraulic tools.
Rating:
 Rating sheet 9.1.2
Competent- proceed
to the next competency

Not yet competent-
repeat this competency

{ REFLECT – LEARNER’S DIARY }

{ REVIEW – PERFORMANCE TEST }

{ LEARN – RECORD OF ACHIEVEMENT }

Information Sheet 1.1.1 : Uses of hand drill
Learning outcomes:
1 Select and identify of electric power and hydraulic tools.
Learning Activity:
1.1 Standard application of electric power and hydraulic tools.

I. Introduction

The power hand drill is used with drill bits to create or enlarge holes in a variety of materials
(e.g., steel, plastic, wood). With other accessories the power drill can be used for grinding,
buffing, wire brushing, or as a power screw driver or a nut driver. An example of the power
hand drill to be described in this document is shown in Figure 1.

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Information Sheet 1.1.1 : Uses of hand drill

Drills are available that can accommodate drill bits and accessories with shaft diameters of
1/4-, 3/8-, 1/2-, and 3/4-in, sizes; only 1/4- and 3/8-in, sizes are practical for home and small
appliance repair shop use. Electric drills are named or grouped by the maximum size of the
drill bit shaft that the drill chuck can hold. Drill speeds are fixed on some models and are
variable on newer models. One-quarter inch (1/4-in.) drills run between 0 and 2250 revolutions
per minute (rpm) and the three-eighth inch (3/8-in.) drills run between 0 and 2100 rpm. Both
1/4-in, and 3/8-in, drills use a small electric motor having a rating of 1/6 to 1/4 horsepower.

A power drill is comprised of two sub-systems; mechanical and electrical. See figure 2. The
Mechanical subsystem is
made up of components
whose purpose is to transfer,
translate or apply forces. The
Electrical subsystem contains
components that supply and
control power flow. These two
subsystems are discussed in
greater detail below. The
Makita Model 6404 3/8” drill is
used extensively to illustrate

concepts.

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Information Sheet 1.1.1 : Uses of hand drill

2. Description of the mechanical subsystem
The Mechanical subsystem is comprised of components whose purpose
is to transfer, translate or apply forces. Components are discussed below, as
defined in Figure 1.

2.1 Chuck (Part # 2)

The drill chuck is a three-jaw attachment that applies a radial ‘gripping” force to a semi-infinite
number of drill bits and accessory shafts. The maximum usable size of the drill bit or accessory

for a particular drill is
determined by the
size of the chuck.
Chucks are
generally attached
to the drill shaft with
a left-handed
threaded fastener.
This means that the
fastener is turned in
a counter-clockwise
direction during
installation. The chuck turns in a clockwise direction when viewed from the user’s perspective;
resulting in the fastener continually being tightened during use. See figure 3 above.

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Information Sheet 1.1.1 : Uses of hand drill
The three jaw configuration is designed to always maintain axial alignment between chuck
rotation axis and center of the bit. The chuck is tightened by tee-handled wrench, called chuck
key. The bevel teeth of the key mate with teeth on the chuck. As the key is rotated, the chuck
rotates about its axis (when viewed from the drill-bit perspective, clockwise to tighten, counter
clockwise to loosen).

3. Description of the electrical subsystem

In this section, we are going to discuss the power drill’s electrical components. The
electrical system consists of the motor, switch, a chord or a set of batteries, and the
necessary internal wiring. See figure 4.

A motor is nothing
more than a device that
converts electrical current
into rotary motion. The
basis of the motor is the
opposite magnetic poles
attract each other and like
poles repel each other. A
motor is set up a stationary
magnetic field and another
magnetic field that is free
to rotate within it. The

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Information Sheet 1.1.1 : Uses of hand drill

rotating magnetic field rotates in an attempt to line up its poles with the opposite pole of the
stationary field.

Series wound universal motors are used for most power drills because of high torque
ratings. These motors provide the required starting torque (i.e., they have the ability to start
even when under considerable load). The rotational speed (in RPM) for a motor is
determined by the load; the greater the required torque, the slower the rotational speed of
the drill. Universal motors have enough torque to work under heavy loads at slow operating
speeds. The motor speed may also be varied with voltage. Incidentally, these motors
operate using DC (direct current) or AC (alternating current) power sources.

Brushes

At this point we must take a look at the brushes. The brushes carry the current from the
external circuit through the
commutator to the rotor.
Brushes are usually a mixture
of graphite and metallic
powder. The brushes are
designed to slide freely in
their holders because the
commutator is not even. The
freedom of the brushes to
move is required, to promote

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Information Sheet 1.1.1 : Uses of hand drill
good contact. The proper pressure of the brushes against the commutator is maintained
constant by the use of springs (see Figure 5). The pressure on the brushes is usually about
1.5 to 2 pounds per square inch of contact area.

SWITCH

The Makita drill switch (see Figure below) has several important functions. The main
function of this switch is to complete the circuit of the drill motor and allow current flow
through the stators and rotor. The second feature of the switch is the ability to adjust the
speed. The switch also has the capability to reverse the motion of the bit.
Note that not all drills use a single switch to accomplish all of these tasks.
Figure: Switch in the Makita Drill

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Information Sheet 1.1.1 : Uses of hand drill

FAN

Though not strictly speaking an electrical component, many motors in appliances/hand
tools are equipped with a fan. This fan cools the motor by dissipating heat. The heat is
produced by current flowing through the wires of the rotor and stator and the fact that they
have some electrical resistance. Resistive heating (in units of watts) is equal to the (I2R),
where I is the current in amperes, and R is the electrical resistance of the conducting wire
in ohms.

4. DRILLING Bits

Drilling involves using a drill bit to make a hole of accurate size. A power hand drill is one of
the various tools to power the bit.
Types:
Drill bits are of various types, some of which are used to drill a hole in metal, some in wood,
some in cement, etc. A few types of metal drill bits, countersinks, spot facers etc.

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Information Sheet 1.1.1 : Uses of hand drill

Twist bits
Usually referred to as twist drills, twist bits are probably the most common drilling tools used by
the handyman with either a hand or electric drill. The front edges cut the material and the
spirals along the length remove the debris from the hole and tend to keep the bit straight.

They can be used on timber, metal, plastics and similar materials. Most twist bits are made
from either:

 'high speed steel' (HSS), these are suitable for drilling most types of material, when
drilling metal the HSS stands up to the high temperatures.

 'carbon steel', these bits are specially ground for drilling wood and should not be used
for drilling metals, they tend to be more brittle, less flexible than HSS bits.

Masonry bit
As the name suggests, these are designed for
drilling into brick, block, stone, quarry tiles or
concrete. The cutting tip is often made from tungsten carbide bonded to a spiraled steel shaft.
Some masonry drills are described as 'durium tipped’; this term refers to a highly durable
silicon bronze alloy used instead of tungsten as the cutting point.

Spur point bit

Also known as a wood or dowel bit, they have a central point and two raised spurs that help
keep the bit drilling straight. The bit cuts timber very fast when used in a power drill and leaves
a clean sided hole. They are ideal for drilling holes for dowels as the sides of the holes are
clean and parallel. Sizes range from 3 to 10mm. Spur point bits should only be used for drilling
wood or some plastics.

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Information Sheet 1.1.1 : Uses of hand drill
Tile Bit
A bit for drilling ceramic tiles and glass, it has a ground
tungsten carbide tip. They can be used with a hand drill, but
are best used in a variable speed power drill on a slow speed. When drilling glass, some form
of lubricant (i.e. turpentine or white spirit) should be used to keep the tip cool.

Ceramic tiles can also be drilled using a masonry bit is used at slow speed and without
hammer action.

Flat wood bit
Intended for power drill use only, the centre point locates the bit and the flat steel on either side
cuts away the timber. These bits are used to drill fairly large holes and they give a flat
bottomed hole (with a central point) so are ideal where the head of a screw/bolt needs to be
recessed into the timber - always use this bit before drilling the clearance hole for the bolt.

The larger bits require a fairly powerful drill to bore deep holes. The bits cause a lot of
splintering as they break out the back of the work piece - using a sacrificial backing board will
reduce this. Flat wood bits are not really suitable for enlarging an existing hole.

Hole saw
Used for cutting large, fixed, diameter holes in wood or plastic.
They will usually cut up to a depth of 18mm - deeper versions
are available. Best used in a power drill at low speed as the
blade saws it's way through the material.

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Information Sheet 1.1.1 : Uses of hand drill

Forstner bit
Used to form hole with a flat bottom, such as for
kitchens cupboard hinges. Best used in a power drill
held in a drill stand as there's little in the way of a
central point. If used freehand, the positioning is difficult to control as there is no central pilot
bit. .

Wood Auger bit
This is ideal when drilling large-diameter, deep holes
in wood or thick man-made boards. Generally an
Auger bit should only be used in a hand brace. The bit will cut a clean and deep, flat bottomed
holes. The single spur cuts and defines the edge of the hole while the chisel-like cutting edge
removes the waste within the previously cut circle. The threaded centre bites into the wood
and pulls the bit into the timber. This 'pulling' action means that the bit is really unsuitable for
use in a power drill.

Care of Drill Bits:

Since the sharpness of a drill bit determines how well the bit will cut, as well as how close to
the desired hole size the bit will produce, it is obvious that good care must be taken of the bit.
After a drilling operation has been performed, it is good practice to dip the bit in oil and then
wipe it dry. This cools the bit and cleans the flutes and cutting edges. Particular care must be
taken of the shank of the bit; as this is the end which is chucked in the chuck of the powering
tools. If the shank is “roughed up” or scarred, the jaws in the chuck will not grasp it firmly; as a
result the bit will not run true or straight. Therefore, the user should keep the bit end and shank
end in good condition at all times.
Naturally, a drill bit will become dull in time and must be sharpened.

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Information Sheet 1.1.1 : Uses of hand drill

Use of drill bit:

While there is no uniform method of drilling, a few principles govern the “art” of drilling. These
are as follows:
1. The drill bit will always cut a hole slightly larger than the size of the bit. The user must
remember this at all times when selecting the correct size of bit to use.
2. The drill bit must be sharp and chucked straight in the drill holder or chuck.
3. The drill bit must contact the material at right angles to produce a good hole. There is one
exception to this rule that is when the job calls for a diagonal hole. Special setups are required
for this type of work.
4. The pressure applied to the bit to make it cut must be uniform, but not enough to bend the
drill bit and cause an ‘egged” hole.
5. The feed and speed must be correct for the material to be drilled.
6. The bit must be lubricated from time to time to cool it and to carry away the chips.

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Information Sheet 1.1.1 : Uses of hand drill

Portable Electric Drill Safety

1. Wear safety glasses when operating with
portable electric drill.

2. Disconnect the drill from the electrical supply when installing bits.
3. Clamp stock so it will not move during the drilling operation.

4. Before drilling, turn the drill on to see if the bit is centered and running true.
5. Align the bit with the desired hole location before turning the drill on.
6. Hold the drill firmly with both hands while

drilling.

7. When drilling deep holes with a twist drill, move the bit up and down several times

while drilling to remove cuttings and reduce overheating in the bit.

8. Do not allow the cord to become wrapped around the drill when working.

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Information Sheet 1.1.1 : Uses of hand drill

9. If the electrical cord becomes frayed or starts to separate from the drill housing, repair
it immediately!

10. Remove the bit from the drill as soon as the
work is completed.

11. Select the correct bit for the finish and material being drilled. Make sure the bit is
securely tightened in the drill chuck.

12. Be extremely careful when using larger portable electric drills (3/8" and 1/2"). If the bit
should hang or get caught the drill will twist in the operator’s hands causing a sprain or
bruised fingers.

13. Always remove the key from the chuck before
drilling.

14. To prevent seizing, reduce the feed pressure
when the drill bit is about to come through the
material.

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Worksheet 1.1.2 : Uses of hand drill

Learning outcomes:
1 Select and identify of electric power and hydraulic tools.

Learning Activity:
1.1 Standard application of electric power and hydraulic tools.

Self check:
1. Why is having “continual tightening” of the attachment fastener and drill bits desirable
“feature” in chuck?
2. As you drill, what direction is necessary applied reaction torque to prevent the work
piece from rotating? Shown in a sketch.
3. What are the different sizes of electric drill?
4. How is a safety switch implemented?
5. Explain how to reverse the rotation of the drill.
6. What is the use of brushes in an electric motor?
7. What are the different types of drill bits?

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Worksheet 1.1.2 : Uses of hand drill
Direction: Identify the position of the parts of portable electric drill. Write the number
of its position on the space before each letter.

A. Chuck
B. Chuck Wrench
C. Cord Strain Relievers
D. Electrical Cord
E. Piston Grip
F. Reversing Switch
G. Switch Lock
H. Trigger Switch

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Information Sheet 1.1.3 : Uses of Grinder

Learning outcomes:
1 Select and identify of electric power and hydraulic tools.

Learning Activity:
1.1 Standard application of electric power and hydraulic tools.

Grinders

Grinders are used to grind, shape, sharpen, finish, and cut any number of materials. Grinders
are the right tool for sharpening blades, rounding edges, polishing metal surfaces to mirror-like
quality and filing out cylinders and ports.

Types of Grinders

Bench grinders
 Sharpen blades, tools, bits and cutters. Smooth and polish

pieces, remove rust.
 Mount on your work stand or work bench.
 Range: 1/3 – 1 Hp
 Accept wheels 6-10”

Straight or Angle Grinders
 For larges pieces
 Portable
 Can handle a variety of discs.
 4-15 amps motors
 4”-9” wheels
 Variable speeds for both polishing (low) and sharpening

(high).

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
CON 724308 Tools
Sept. 20, 2010 1

Information Sheet 1.1.3 : Uses of Grinder

Die Grinders
 Handheld and portable
 Polish the insides of cylinders.
 Long and thin to get inside tubes and joint
 For pipes and plumbing.

Kinds of Wheels

 Abrasive Discs -- For sanding wood or light metal.
 Buff Belts -- Buffing wood.
 Cutoff Wheels -- For masonry and metal.
 Grinding Wheels-- Sharpening tools, bits, blades.
 Polishing Bonnets-- Buffs metals and wood finishes.
 Pre-Punched discs-- For sanding wood.
 Wire Brushes-- Clean metal.
 Diamond Wheels- Cuts concrete blocks and stone.

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
CON 724308 Tools
Sept. 20, 2010 2

Information Sheet 1.1.3 : Uses of Grinder
Portable Disc Grinder

A. Identification of basic portable disc grinder parts

1. Tool Rest
2. off/on Switch
3. Switch Lock
4. Electrical Cord
5. Cord Strain Reliever
6. Handle
7. Guard
8. Grinding Disk
9. Locking Nut
10. Spindle

B. Portable Disc Grinder Safety

1. Wear safety glasses, or face shield at all times when
using the portable
disc grinders.

2. Wear hearing protection when grinding operating
the portable disc grinder.

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
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Sept. 20, 2010 3

Information Sheet 1.1.3 : Uses of Grinder

3. Position the grinder so that sparks and grit thrown of
during grinding will not hit the operator or others working in
the area.

4. Make sure the material being ground is well secured.

5. Never grind with the portable disc grinder in an area
which houses flammable materials or combustible gases.

6. Replace the grinding disk when it becomes worn to half
its original diameter.

7. Wear long sleeve leather gloves when grinding with the
portable disc grinder to protect hands and forearms.

8. Hold the portable disk grinder with both hands when
grinding.

9. Never lay the portable disc grinder down until the disk as
stopped rotating.

10. Keep the electrical cord and extension cords out of the
way of the work
when grinding.

11. When using the wire brush attachment on the portable disc grinder, hold
the grinder extra firm to prevent it from being thrown about and cause an
accident.

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
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Sept. 20, 2010 4

Information Sheet 1.1.3 : Uses of Grinder

12. Caution others in the work area to wear safety glasses, hearing protection
and to watch out for flying sparks and grit.

C. Operating Procedures

1. Tighten the grinding disk snuggly when mounting it
on the portable disc
grinder. The disk will tighten itself during normal
operation.

2. Be sure to hold the portable disc grinder firmly when
the off/on switch is turned on. The centrifugal force
created by the rotating disk will cause the
portable disc grinder to move or jump.

3. For extended periods of grinding the operator may
lock the off/on switch
in the on position to avoid fatigue from holding the
switch on manually.

4. When an extension cord is used with the portable
disc grinder make sure the cord is sufficiently large in
size for the grinder being used. A #14 gauge
extension cord is minimum and #12 gauge is
preferred.

5. Keep the electrical and extension cords positioned away from the grinding area. Cords are
easily severed by the portable disc grinder.

6. When laying the portable disc grinder down, always position it on the tool
rest.

7. Before using the switch lock on the portable disc grinder always check to
make sure the lock is functioning properly.

8. Hold the portable disc grinder so that sparks and grit are thrown away
from the operator and others working in the area.

9. Using the portable disc grinder is hard work and causes rapid fatigue, rest
frequently and do not become exhausted to help avoid accidents.

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
CON 724308 Tools
Sept. 20, 2010 5

Worksheet 1.1.4 : Uses of grinder

Learning outcomes:
1 Select and identify of electric power and hydraulic tools.

Learning Activity:
1.1 Standard application of electric power and hydraulic tools.

Self check

Multiple Choice - Place the letter of the most correct answer on the answer sheet.

1. What personal protective equipment should be worn when operating the portable disc
grinders?

a. Safety glasses
b. Safety glasses and hearing protection
c. Safety glasses, hearing protection and gloves
d. Safety glasses, hearing protection, gloves and respirator.

2. When operating the portable disc grinders the grinding disk should be positioned so the
sparks and grit are thrown _____________.

a. away from the operator.
b. away from the operator and others in the work area.
c. up to avoid hitting others.
d. down to avoid hitting others.

3. Grinding with the portable disc grinders should not occur in an area
which______________

a. is enclosed.
b. is freshly painted.
c. has windows.
d. houses flammables or combustible gases.

4. The grinding disc should be replaced when worn to _____________ of its original diameter.

a. 1/4 Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
b. 1/2 tools
c. 5/8 Sept. 20, 2010 1
d. 3/4

Code No.
CON724308

Worksheet 1.1.4 : Uses of grinder

5. Hands and arms should be protected by wearing ____________ when using the portable
disc grinders.

a. gloves
b. long sleeved shirt
c. long sleeved leather jacket
d. long sleeved leather gloves.

6. What can the operator expect to happen when the wire brush attachment is used on the
portable disc grinders?

a. The grinders may jump or be thrown about.
b. The grinders rocks back and forth.
c. The grinders stays steady on the material being bushed.
d. None of the above.

7. When the portable disc grinders is laid down it should be positioned _______.

a. with the disc down.
b. on its left side.
c. on its right side.
d. on the tool rest with the grinding disc facing up.

8. What minimum size electrical extension cord should be used with most portable disc
grinders?

a. #14
b. #12
c. #10
d. #8

9. Why is it only necessary to tighten the disk lock nut snuggly when the disc is replaced on the
portable disc grinders?

a. The threads will be stripped on the spindle.
b. The disc may be too difficult to remove the next time.
c. The natural rotation of the disc and spindle will cause the threads to tighten.
d. To allow the loose threads to absorb some of the vibration created by the portable disc
grinders.

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
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Sept. 20, 2010 2

Worksheet 1.1.4 : Uses of grinder

10. What can the operator do to avoid hand and finger fatigue when using the portable disc
grinders for extended periods of time?

a. Eat lots of carbohydrates.
b. Drink plenty of water.
c. Wear long sleeved gloves
d. Use the switch lock.

Portable Disc Grinders Parts Identification Test

Name_________________________________ Score: ________

Match the number of each portable disc grinders part with the correct name.

___ A. Cord Strain Reliever
___ B. Electrical Cord
___ C. Grinding Disc
___ D. Guard
___ E. Handle
___ F. Locking Nut
___ G. Off/On Switch
___ H. Spindle
___ I. Switch Lock
___ J. Tool Rest

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
CON724308 tools
Sept. 20, 2010 3

Information Sheet 1.1.5 : Uses hydraulic pipe bender and jack hammer
Learning outcomes:
1 Select and identify of electric power and hydraulic tools.
Learning Activity:
1.1 Standard application of electric power and hydraulic tools.

Hydraulic Pipe Bender and Jack Hammer

Hydraulic pipe bender - designed to bend water pipe, rigid conduit, heavy gauge galvanized
pipe used in commercial application, and other similar types of pipe. See figure 1.

Hydraulic means using pressurized fluid oil to accomplish work.

Parts of hydraulic pipe bender

1. Hydraulic Cylinder

2. Hand Pump

3. Pin

4. Pivot Pin

5. Roller

6. Plunger Bracket
7. Shoe ½”
8. Shoe 3/4”
9. Shoe 1”
10. Shoe 11/4”
11. Shoe 1½”
12. Shoe 2”
13. Shoe 2½”
14. Shoe 3”

15. Leg Holder

16. Base Leg

17. Male Coupler

18. Female Coupler

19. Release Valve Knob

20. Pump Handle

21. Hydraulic hose

22. Oil Filler Screw

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
CON 724308 Tools
Sept. 20, 2010 1

Information Sheet 1.1.5 : Uses hydraulic pipe bender and jack hammer

Ram is a device used to transfer hydraulic pressure to a mechanical device.

Hydraulic oil is specially formulated oil for hydraulic pumps.
(Note: No oil or fluid should ever be substitute for hydraulic oil.)

TWO-PERSON OPERATION

For safety, when moving the pipe bender or bending large pieces of pipe, always use two
people. When bending large pipe, one person is needed to balance the pipe in the bending
dies, while a second person cranks the bottle jack’s handle.

AVOID MOVING PARTS DURING OPERATION.
 Keep fingers and hands away from rollers, bending dies and all moving parts.

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
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Sept. 20, 2010 2

Information Sheet 1.1.5 : Uses hydraulic pipe bender and jack hammer

Jack Hammers

Types of Jack Hammers

 The first type, from which the term “pneumatic drill” was derive, is powered by air. The
jack hammer is connected to an air compressor through a hose. Accordingly, the air
compressor is fuelled by gasoline. This make this type portable as compared to the
other types of jack hammers.

 The second type is the hydraulic jack hammer. This particular jack hammer variety, in
contrast to the first one, is powered by liquid. It is useful for demolition projects and wide
scale mining.

 The third of the jack hammer types is the electric jack hammer, a type convenient for
small construction project that do not require too much force. For the power, it can be
connected to an electrical socket in your home.

HEALTH
The sound of the hammer blows, combined with the explosive air exhaust, makes pneumatic
jackhammers dangerously loud, emitting 100 decibels at two meters. Sound-blocking earmuffs
must be worn by the operator to prevent a form of hearing damage of which tinnitus is the main
symptom. Most pneumatic jackhammers now have a silencer around the barrel of the tool.

Prolonged exposure to the pronounced vibration set up by the tool can lead to blood-circulation
failures in the fingers, a condition known as white finger. Applying athletic tape is not effective
in preventing white finger but seems to help alleviate some of its discomfort. Pneumatic drill
usage can also lead to a predisposition for development of carpal tunnel syndrome

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
CON 724308 Tools
Sept. 20, 2010 3

Information Sheet 1.1.5 : Uses hydraulic pipe bender and jack hammer

Earmuffs

Earmuffs and visor on a safety helmet

Bits
 Spade - provides flat finish for concrete or edging in asphalt or dirt
 Flat tip - allows direction control or finer edge finish
 Point - general breaking
 Stake driver - drives concrete form stakes
 Scrabbler - finishes surface smooth or for cleaning prior to bonding

Some safety points
Please, don't skip over this section.
Wear your safety gear when using these tools.

 Minimum of good boots, gloves, goggles and ear muffs. Stout clothing helps too.
 The bits get very hot in operation so use caution handling them.
 The rest of the machine can get quite warm also. Particularly the air operated ones.
 Depending on what you are digging or breaking it can get dusty too. So wear a mask.

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
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Sept. 20, 2010 4

Information Sheet 1.1.5 : Uses hydraulic pipe bender and jack hammer

Actual use of a jackhammer

If you are starting to break up a section of concrete or dig a hole in rock, be aware that it is
always easier to split of a bit at an edge. If it is very hard, do only a small bit at a time, until
you create an edge.

If you are starting off in the middle of a slab, chip away breaking out small bits in a small area.
What you are trying to do is get through to the earth below. This is the hard bit. When you
have got through, It will get a lot easier. Always split into the hole and work back from it.

Most people when first using a jackhammer only do half a job. The illustration below shows a
slab of concrete about to be broken up.

In example "A" the operator has given it a rattle close to the edge and split a lump of concrete
off. Good so far,

What you should do after each bite is use the jackhammer as a crow bar to lever up and
loosen the concrete (or rock or clay etc.) as in sketch "B". This makes it a lot easier to shovel
out of the way.

Break up and clean up as you go along. It gives the machine a rest now and again and a clean
work area is a safer work area.

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
CON 724308 Tools
Sept. 20, 2010 5

Information Sheet 1.1.5 : Uses hydraulic pipe bender and jack hammer

One last point, above all else, don't push the thing, let the weight of the machine do the
work.

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
CON 724308 Tools
Sept. 20, 2010 6

Worksheet 1.1.6 : Uses of hydraulic pipe bender and jack hammer
Learning outcomes:
1 Select and identify of electric power and hydraulic tools.
Learning Activity:
1.1 Standard application of electric power and hydraulic tools.

Self check
1. Enumerate personal protective equipment when using hydraulic pipe bender.

2. Discuss the different types of jack hammers.

3. Discuss the use of the different bits of jack hammers.
4. Explain on how to protect the ears of the jack hammer’s operator.

5. Give at least 5 parts of hydraulic pipe bender and its functions.

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
CON724308 tools
Sept. 20, 2010 1

Worksheet 2.1.1 : Fill up requisition form

Learning outcomes:
2. Properly filled-up requisition form is according to list of materials, tools and equipment
prepared.

.

Learning Activity:
2.1 Requisition forms are approved by immediate superior/instructor.

Technical Education and Skills Development Authority
Agusan del Sur School of and Trades

Requisition Forms Date:_________________
Obtain from: Electrical workshop

Others; Specify _______________

Item Qty Unit Description
No.

I acknowledge receipt of items describe above in good order and condition.

___________________________________
Borrower’s Printed name and signature

__________________________________
Instructor’s Printed name and signature

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
CON724308 tools
Sept. 20, 2010 1

Worksheet 2.1.1 : Fill up requisition form

Technical Education and Skills Development Authority
Agusan del Sur School of and Trades

Borrower’s Slip Date:_________________
Obtain from: Electrical workshop

Others; Specify _______________

Item Qty Unit Description
No.

I acknowledge receipt of items describe above in good order and condition. I assume full
responsibility over them, and in case of failure to return any item/items due to loss or other
reasons, I agree to replace such item/items

___________________________________
Borrower’s Printed name and signature

__________________________________
Instructor’s Printed name and signature

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
CON724308 tools
Sept. 20, 2010 2

Operation Sheet 2.2.1 : Drilling Metal, Wood and Concrete
Learning outcomes:
2. Select and identify of electric power and hydraulic tools.
Learning Activity:
2.1 Drilling metal, wood, and concrete correctly.

Procedures in using Portable Hand Drill

1. Wear or use personal protective equipment (PPE) or clothing that is appropriate for the
work you are doing; this may include items such as safety glasses or goggles, hearing
protection, dust mask, gloves, safety boots or shoes, or rubber boots.

2. Switch off the tools before connecting them to a power supply.
3. Disconnect the power supply before making adjustments or changing accessories.

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
CON724308 Tools Sept. 20, 2010 1

Operation Sheet 2.2.1 : Drilling Metal, Wood and Concrete
4. Always center punch or make a starting indentation in the material being drilled to get
an accurate starting point for the drill bit.

5. Tighten the drill bit by rotating the chuck key to all three holes in the chuck. This will
help to keep the drill bit centered.

6. Use only straight shank or Silver and Deming drill bits in portable electric drills.
7. Apply moderate even pressure to the drill during the drilling operation. If excessive

pressure is required to make the bit cut then the bit is dull and needs to be sharpened.

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
CON724308 Tools Sept. 20, 2010 2

Operation Sheet 2.2.1 : Drilling Metal, Wood and Concrete
8. Maintain good balance at all times when drilling.

9. Use slow drill speeds for drilling metal, fast speeds for drilling wood and hammer setting
for concrete.

10. To obtain larger holes that are placed accurately, drill a small pilot first then drill the final
hole.

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
CON724308 Tools Sept. 20, 2010 3

Operation Sheet 2.2.2 : Grinding metal, cutting concrete

Learning outcomes:
2 Select and identify of electric power and hydraulic tools.
Learning Activity:
2.1 Grinding metal, cutting concrete correctly.

Operating procedure for grinding metal and cutting concrete.
1. Tighten the grinding disk (for metal)/diamond disk (for cutting concrete) snuggly when
mounting it on the portable disc grinder. The disk will tighten itself during normal operation.

Diamond wheel for concrete

Grinding disk for metal

2. Be sure to hold the portable disc grinder firmly when the off/on switch is turned on. The
centrifugal force created by the rotating disk will cause the portable disc grinder to move or
jump.

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
CON724308 Tools Sept. 20, 2010 1

Operation Sheet 2.2.2 : Grinding metal, cutting concrete

3. For extended periods of grinding the operator may
lock the off/on switch in the on position to avoid
fatigue from holding the switch on manually.
4. When an extension cord is used with the portable
disc grinder make sure the cord is sufficiently large in
size for the grinder being used. A #14 gauge
extension cord is minimum and #12 gauge is preferred.
5. Keep the electrical and extension cords positioned away from the grinding area. Cords are
easily severed by the portable disc grinder.
6. When laying the portable disc grinder down, always position it on the tool rest.

7. Before using the switch lock on the portable disc grinder always check to make sure the lock
is functioning properly.

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
CON724308 Tools Sept. 20, 2010 2

Operation Sheet 2.2.2 : Grinding metal, cutting concrete

8. Hold the portable disc grinder so that sparks and grit are thrown away from the operator and
others working in the area.

9. Using the portable disc grinder is hard work and causes rapid fatigue, rest frequently and do
not become exhausted to help avoid accidents.

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
CON724308 Tools Sept. 20, 2010 3

Operation Sheet 2.2.3 : Bending pipe using hydraulic pipe bender
Learning outcomes:
1 Select and identify of electric power and hydraulic tools.
Learning Activity:
1.2 Bending RMC pipe correctly.
OPERATION Procedure
1. Place the pipe bender on a solid level surface.

2. Attach to workbench using clamps or bolts.
3. Select the Bending Die that matches the size of the pipe you want to bend.

NOTE: This pipe bender includes 1/2", 3/4", 1", 1-1/4", 1-1/2", 2", 2½" and 3" bending dies.
When choosing a die, select the same size die as the diameter of the pipe you are bending.

Code No. Prepare Electric Power and Hydraulic Date: Developed Date: Revised Page #
CON724308 Tools Sept. 20, 2010 1