Penulis: PRODUCT DESIGN 1 BASIC SKETCHING: VOLUME 1 GOGULASANTI A/P K.GANESAN MUHAMMAD AIMAN BIN ABU JOHAN MOHD SYAIFUL HIDZIR BIN RAMLI Kejuruteraan Mekanikal
PRODUCT DESIGN1 BASIC SKETCHING: VOLUME 1 GOGULASANTI A/P K.GANESAN MUHAMMAD AIMAN BIN ABU JOHAN MOHD SYAIFUL HIDZIR BIN RAMLI
PRODUCT DESIGN 1 BASIC SKETCHING: VOLUME 1 GOGULASANTI A/P K.GANESAN MUHAMMAD AIMAN BIN ABU JOHAN MOHD SYAIFUL HIDZIR BIN RAMLI
Preface Provide basic sketching technics and rendering which the common tools used as designer for generate idea from mind to paper. It also gives overview on technic sketching for mechanical engineering product design students.
PRODUCT DESIGN 1 BASIC SKETCHING: VOLUME 1 Writer GOGULASANTI A/P K.GANESAN MUHAMMAD AIMAN BIN ABU JOHAN MOHD SYAIFUL HIDZIR BIN RAMLI Issue in 2021 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form on electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages in a review. Published By Politeknik Muadzam Shah Lebuhraya Tun Abdul Razak 26700 Muadzam Shah Pahang Darul Makmur Tel : 09 450 2005 / 2006 / 2007 Fax : 06 450 2009
Table of Contents Chapter 1: Sketching Materials..................................................................................................1 Pen .......................................................................................................................................1 Sketching Pencil .....................................................................................................................3 Paper.....................................................................................................................................5 Chapter 2: Basic Sketching........................................................................................................6 Line ......................................................................................................................................7 Curve ....................................................................................................................................8 Circle ....................................................................................................................................9 Ellipse .................................................................................................................................10 Assessment ..........................................................................................................................12 Two Dimensional Point..........................................................................................................18 Stroke..................................................................................................................................20 Shading ...............................................................................................................................22 Chapter 3: Perspective.............................................................................................................26 One Perspective ....................................................................................................................26 Two Perspective....................................................................................................................27 Three Perspective..................................................................................................................28 Assessment ..........................................................................................................................29 Chapter 4: Types of Sketching .................................................................................................40 Thumbnail Sketch .................................................................................................................40 Concept Sketch.....................................................................................................................42 Isometric Sketch ...................................................................................................................43 Assessment ..........................................................................................................................45 Chapter 5: Rendering..............................................................................................................50 Color Wheel.........................................................................................................................51 Assessment ..........................................................................................................................53 References..............................................................................................................................58
1 CHAP SKETCHING There were many sketching materials that can be used to illustrate tools have their own pro and con but more important is the ideas that cam a) Pen For those starting out with their sketching, pens are a good wa throwing down. To become a great athlete it requires practice such thing as a “magic pen,” there is only the designer who ha Figure 1.1 T
1 PTER 1 MATERIALS the idea to paper. Below are type of tools that need to be considered. All me out from brains. ay to get better faster. Using a pen makes you commit to the lines you are e and training. Don’t fool yourself, it’s the same thing here. There is no as worked it out so much that he/she produces their own magic. Types of Pen
2 Figure 1.2 P
2 en Sketching
3 b) Sketching Pencil PRISMACOLOR brand is by far the most widely used type that you can play with. The harder lead that allows you to do l line weight and contrast. There are a variety of colors availabl nor it the color, it’s all about how you use the tool to create a Figure 1.3 Types of
3 of pencil in Industrial Design (ID) sketching. There are two main types light line work. The thicker regular color pencils are nice to get that thick le so experiment with what works for you. Really, the brand isn’t critical visually captivating and interesting sketch or presentation f Prismacolor Pencil
4 Figure 1.4 Pen
4 ncil Sketching
5 c) Paper Due to Pandemic, classes must be online. Students need to be designer will only using sketching pad or A3 size for presen i. Tracing paper. Remember back in elementary school when you would dra trace that?” That was THE question by which all kids were ii. Newsprint paper Sometimes you want to sketch out a lot of ideas without hav true for those students out there. One good way to have affordable and can often be purchased by the roll or in lar before you go to the good stuff.
5 ready to buy A4 paper (210 x 297mm) via online shop. But bear in mind, ntation purpose. Below are type of paper that can be buy at online shop. aw an airplane, car or robot. And someone would say, “WOW…did you subjected to for judgment of artistic ability. ving to burn through lots of money of expensive paper. This is especially your paper go a long way is to get some newsprint. Newsprint is really rge pads. This paper is a little rough, but can allow you to works tuff out
6 CHAPTER 2 BASIC SKETCHING Sketching defines as initial rough type of drawing that a sketcher might do in preparing for either a painting or a more formal drawing (like a study). Besides that, sketching can also be stated as a practice of scribbling where a person does it during pass time without any goal or idea in the mind. However, officially it is an important way for sketcher to produce a momentary impression of a scene or person before it differs. There are a few differences between sketching and drawing which one of it can be the paper quality. The paper quality used for creating the sketches are lower quality paper such as newsprint whereas the paper quality used to create finished drawings are with higher quality surfaces paper like Bristol Paper, scrap paper or drawing paper. Moreover, sketching and drawing can also be shown differ by the media used to create drawing or sketching. In order to produce and complete the sketches graphite, charcoal, ink and conte are used whereas in order to complete the drawing pastels and colored pencil are considered. Figure 2.1 Basic Sketching
7 There are a few forms and shapes that can be used to create sketches and drawings. Some of the forms or shapes that are frequently are line, curve, circle, and ellipse. a) Line Line is the mark that connects two points, or something stretched between two things. There are a few types of lines and linear drawings that are used for sketching such as thick, thin, horizontal, vertical, zigzag, diagonal, curly, curved, spiral and etc. Figure 2.2 Types of Lines
8 b) Curve A curve is a continuous and smooth flowing line without any sharp turns. One way to recognize a curve is that it bends and changes its direction at least once. Figure 2.3 shows the types of curves. Figure 2.3 (i) Upward Curve Figure 2.3(ii) Downward Curve Figure 2.3(iii) Open Curve Figure 2.3 (iv) Closed Curve
9 c) Circle A circle is round in shape and a figure which has no corners or edges. Geometrically, a circle can be defined as a closed, two-dimensional curved shape. Example of items that can be found circular in shape around us are car tire, a wall clock, and a lollipop. Figure 2.4 Example of item in circular shape Figure 2.5 Types of circle in sketches
10 d) Ellipse An ellipse is the shape that looks like an oval or a flattened circle. An ellipse is also the set of all points in a plane which the distance is from two fixed points, known as the foci, and is a constant. Figure 2.6 Example of ellipse Besides that, sketching also involves strokes and shading as well where stroke is the movement or marks that is made thoroughly while drawing by using pen or pencil. To learn more about the strokes movement using pencil this reference can be used https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xvafE0DgJrI . Figure 2.7 Example of strokes
11 Shading is the lines and marks used in drawing or painting in order to show the different patterns according in color or dark. There are few types shading such as hatching, crosshatching, stippling, and blending. To learn more about the shading techniques using pencil this reference can be used https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iijhNQyF-gg&t=10s Figure 2.8 Example of strokes
1 TITLE BLOCK CONSTRUCTION Instructions: A title block is needed always before starting up any ske provides the details of the sketcher such as name, programme, institutio PRODUCT DESIGN EN MECHANICAL ENGINEER
2 etches as title block function as a border line for any sketches and also on and etc. NGINEERING RING DEPARTMENT NAME: MATRIC NO: CLASS: SESSION:
1 STRAIGHT LINE CONSTRUCTION It is boundless one dimensional motion that has no width nor curve in i Instructions: Draw straight line as much as can (uncountable) either ho PRODUCT DESIGN E MECHANICAL ENGINEER
3 it. orizontally / vertically without using ruler. NAME: MATRIC NO: CLASS: SESSION: ENGINEERING RING DEPARTMENT
1 STRAIGHT LINE CONSTRUCTION It is boundless one dimensional motion that has no width nor curve in i Sketch Horizontal Straight Lines Sketch both Horizontal & Vertical Straight Lines PRODUCT DESIGN E MECHANICAL ENGINEER
4 it. Sketch Vertical Straight Lines Sketch inclined lines for both direction Left & Right NAME: MATRIC NO: CLASS: SESSION: ENGINEERING RING DEPARTMENT
1 CURVE CONSTRUCTION It is known for the continuous and smooth flowing line without any s PRODUCT DESIGN E MECHANICAL ENGINEER
5 sharp turns. It is bend and has changes of in direction at least once. NAME: MATRIC NO: CLASS: SESSION: ENGINEERING RING DEPARTMENT
1 CIRCLE It is the set of all points in a plane that are equidistant from a given po Instructions: Draw circle as much as can (uncountable) freely to fill t PRODUCT DESIGN E MECHANICAL ENGINEER
6 oint called the center of line and circular in shape. the provided paper space. NAME: MATRIC NO: CLASS: SESSION: ENGINEERING RING DEPARTMENT
1 ELLIPSE It is the set of all points in a plane that are equidistant from a given po Instructions: Follow the example given and sketch the ellipse shape i PRODUCT DESIGN E MECHANICAL ENGINEER
7 oint called the center of line and circular in shape. in the space provided. NAME: MATRIC NO: CLASS: SESSION: ENGINEERING RING DEPARTMENT
1 2 DIMENSIONAL POINT It is the shape set which has length and height in dimensions. Instructions: Follow the example given and sketch the 2D figure belo PRODUCT DESIGN E MECHANICAL ENGINEER
8 ow in the space provided. NAME: MATRIC NO: CLASS: SESSION: ENGINEERING RING DEPARTMENT
1 2 DIMENSIONAL POINT It is the shape set which has length and height in dimensions. Instructions: Follow the example given and sketch the 2D figure belo PRODUCT DESIGN E MECHANICAL ENGINEER
9 ow in the space provided. NAME: MATRIC NO: CLASS: SESSION: ENGINEERING RING DEPARTMENT
2 STROKE It is the movement or marks that is made thoroughly while drawing by Instructions: Follow the example given and sketch the strokes figure PRODUCT DESIGN E MECHANICAL ENGINEER
0 y using pen or pencil. below in the space provided. NAME: MATRIC NO: CLASS: SESSION: ENGINEERING RING DEPARTMENT
2 STROKE It is the movement or marks that is made thoroughly while drawing by Instructions: Follow the example given and sketch the strokes figure PRODUCT DESIGN E MECHANICAL ENGINEER
1 y using pen or pencil. below in the space provided. NAME: MATRIC NO: CLASS: SESSION: ENGINEERING RING DEPARTMENT
2 SHADING It is the lines and marks used in drawing or painting in order to show t Instructions: Follow the example given and shade it thoroughly with Cross Shading Hatching Block Shading Lines Shading Smooth Shading PRODUCT DESIGN E MECHANICAL ENGINEER
2 the different patterns according in color or dark. the way of stroke in the space provided. NAME: MATRIC NO: CLASS: SESSION: ENGINEERING RING DEPARTMENT
2 SHADING It is the lines and marks used in drawing or painting in order to show t Instructions:Follow the example given and draw again accordingly w PRODUCT DESIGN E MECHANICAL ENGINEER
3 the different patterns according in color or dark. with the same way of shade/stroke shown. NAME: MATRIC NO: CLASS: SESSION: ENGINEERING RING DEPARTMENT
2 SHADING It is the lines and marks used in drawing or painting in order to show t Instructions:Follow the example given and draw again accordingly w PRODUCT DESIGN E MECHANICAL ENGINEER
4 the different patterns according in color or dark. with the same way of shade/stroke shown. NAME: MATRIC NO: CLASS: SESSION: ENGINEERING RING DEPARTMENT
2 SHADING It is the lines and marks used in drawing or painting in order to show t Instructions: Follow the example given and draw again accordingly w PRODUCT DESIGN E MECHANICAL ENGINEER
5 the different patterns according in color or dark. with the same way of shade/stroke shown. NAME: MATRIC NO: CLASS: SESSION: ENGINEERING RING DEPARTMENT