Class 6th Ruchira Sanskrit NCERT

#fpjk

çFkeks Hkkx%

"k"BoxkZ; laLÑrikB~;iqLrde~

2022-23

ii #fpjk & çFkeks Hkkx% ii

0649 – #fpjk izFkeks Hkkx ISBN 81-7450-468-0

d{kk 6 OksQ fy, ikB~;iqLrd lokZf/dkj lqjf{kr

izFke laLdj.k ‰ izdk'kd dh iwoZ vuqefr osQ fcuk bl izdk'ku osQ fdlh Hkkx dks Nkiuk rFkk
fnlacj 2006 ikS"k 1928 bySDVªkWfudh] e'khuh] iQksVksizfrfyfi] fjdkWfMZ±x vFkok fdlh vU; fof/ ls iqu%
la'kksf/r ,oa ifjo£¼r laLdj.k iz;ksx i¼fr }kjk mldk laxzg.k vFkok izlkj.k oftZr gSA
vxLr 2010 Hkknzin 1932
iuq enZq .z k ‰ bl iqLrd dh fcØh bl 'krZ osQ lkFk dh xbZ gS fd izdk'kd dh iwoZ vuqefr
i- Qjojh 2012 iQkYxqu 1933 osQ fcuk ;g iqLrd vius ewy vkoj.k vFkok ftYn osQ vykok fdlh vU; izdkj
fnlacj 2012 vxzgk;.k 1934 ls O;kikj }kjk m/kjh ij] iqufoZØ; ;k fdjk, ij u nh tk,xh] u csph tk,xhA
uoacj 2013 dkfrZd 1935
i- Qjojh 2015 iQkYxqu 1936 ‰ bl izdk'ku dk lgh ewY; bl i`"B ij eqfæzr gSA jcM+ dh eqgj vFkok fpidkbZ
fnlacj 2015 vxzgk;.k 1937 xbZ iphZ (fLVdj) ;k fdlh vU; fof/ }kjk vafdr dksbZ Hkh la'kksf/r ewY;
tuojh 2017 ikS"k 1938 xyr gS rFkk ekU; ugha gksxkA
tuojh 2018 ek?k 1939
fnlacj 2018 vxzgk;.k 1940 ,u- lh- bZ- vkj- Vh- osQ izdk'ku izHkkx osQ dk;kZy;
flracj 2019 Hkkæin 1941
uoacj 2021 vxzgk;.k 1943 ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- oSaQil iQksu % 011&26562708
Jh vjfoan ekxZ
PD 100T RPS u;h fnYyh 110 016 iQksu % 080&26725740
iQksu % 079&27541446
© jk"Vªh; 'kSf{kd vuqla/ku vkSj izf'k{k.k 108, 100 iQhV jksM iQksu % 033&25530454
ifj"kn~] 2010 gsyh ,DlVsa'ku] gksLMsosQjs iQksu % 0361&2674869
cuk'kadjh III bLVst
` 55.00 cSaxyw# 560 085

,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- okVjekoZQ 80 th-,l-,e- uothou VªLV Hkou
isij ij eqfnzrA Mkd?kj uothou
vgenkckn 380 014
izdk'ku izHkkx esa lfpo] jk"Vªh; 'kSf{kd
vuqla/ku vkjS ifz 'k{k.k ifj"kn~] Jh vjfoan ekx]Z lh-MCY;w-lh- oSaQil
ubZ fnYyh 110 016 }kjk izdkf'kr rFkk latho fudV% /udy cl LVkWi ifugVh
vk-WIkQlsV fizaVlZ] ,y&39] lsDVj&5] cokuk dksydkrk 700 114
bMa fLV;ª y ,fj;k] fnYYkh & 110 039 }kjk efq nrz A
lh-MCY;w-lh- dkWEIySDl
ekyhxkao
xqokgkVh 781021

izdk'ku lg;ksx % vuwi dqekj jktiwr
vè;{k] izdk'ku izHkkx % 'osrk mIiy
eq[; laiknd % v#.k fprdkjk
eq[; mRiknu vfèkdkjh % fofiu fnoku
% ,e- yky
eq[; O;kikj çca/d % lquhy dqekj
lgk;d laiknd
mRiknu lgk;d

vkoj.k
dyksy etwenkj

fp=kkadu
dyksy etwenkj ,oa v:i xqIrk

2022-23

iii vdkjkUr&iqfYyX% iii

ijq kos kd~

2005 bZLoh;k;ka jkf"Vª;&ikBÔp;kZ&:ijs[kk;ke~ vuq'kaflra ;r~ Nk=kk.kka fo|ky;thoua
fo|ky;srjthousu lg ;kstuh;e~A fl¼kUrks¿;a iqLrdh;KkuL; rL;k% ijEijk;k% i`Fko~Q
orZrs] ;L;k% izHkkokr~ vLekoaQ f'k{kkO;oLFkk bnkuha ;kor~ fo|ky;L; ifjokjL; leqnk;L;
p eè;s vUrjkya iks"k;frA jkf"Vª;ikBÔp;kZoyfEcrkfu ikBÔØe&ikBÔiqLrdkfu vL;
ewyHkkoL; O;ogkjfnf'k iz;Ru ,oA iz;kls¿fLeu~ fo"k;k.kka eè;s fLFkrk;k% fHkRrs% fuokj.ka
KkukFk± jVuizo`Ùks'p f'kfFkyhdj.kefi lfEefyra orZrsA vk'kkLegs ;r~ iz;klks¿;a 1986
bLZ oh;k;ka jkf"V;ª &f'k{kk&uhrkS vu'q kfa lrk;k% ckyoQs fUnrz &f'k{kkO;oLFkk;k% fodklk; Hkfo";frA

iz;RuL;kL; lkiQY;a fo|ky;kuka izkpk;kZ.kke~ vè;kidkuk×p rs"kq iz;kls"kq fuHkZja ;=k rs
lokuZ fi Nk=kku~ LokuHq kRw ;k KkuetfZ ;r]aq dYiuk'khyfØ;k% fo/kr]aq i'z uku~ i"z Vqa p ikz Rs lkg;fUrA
vLekfHk% vo';eso Lohdj.kh;a ;r~ LFkkua] le;%] LokrU=;a p ;fn nh;sr] rfgZ f'k'ko%
o;LoSQ% iznÙksu Kkusu la;qT; uwrua Kkua l`tfUrA ijh{kk;k% vkèkkj% fuèkkZfjr&ikBÔiqLrdeso
bfr fo'okl% KkuktZuL; fofo/lkèkukuka Ïksrlka p vuknjL; dkj.ks"kq eq[;ree~A f'k'kq"kq
ltZu'kDrs% dk;kZjEHkizo`Ùks'p vkèkkua rnSo lEHkosr~ ;nk o;a rku~ f'k'kwu~ f'k{k.kizfØ;k;k%
izfrHkkfxRosu LohoqQ;kZe] u rq fuèkkZfjrKkuL; xzkgdRosu ,oA

bekfu mís';kfu fo|ky;L; nSfuddk;ZØes dk;Zi¼rkS p ifjorZueis{kUrsA ;Fkk nSfud&
le;&lkj.;ka ifjorZu'khyRoe~ visf{kra rFkSo okf"kZddk;ZØek.kka fuoZg.ks rRijrk vko';dh
;su f'k{k.kkFk± fu;rs"kq dkys"kq oLrqr% f'k{k.ka Hkosr~A f'k{k.kL; ewY;kÄuï L; p foèk;%
Kkif;";fUr ;r~ ikBÔiqLrdfena Nk=kk.kka fo|ky;h;&thous vkuUnkuqHkwR;Fk± fd;r~ izHkkfo
orrs] u rq uhjlrk;k% lk/ue~A vfLeu~ laLdj.ks ikBÔp;kHZ kkjL; funkuk; ikBÔØefuekrZ `fHk%
ckyeukfs oKkun"` VÔk vè;kiuk; miyC/&dkyn"` VÔk p fofHkUu"s kq Lrj"s kq fo"k;KkuL; iuq fuèZ kkjZ .kus
iz;Ruks fofgr%A iqLrdfena Nk=kk.kka Ñrs fpUruL;] foLe;L;] y?kqlewgs"kq okrkZ;k%]
dk;kZuqHkokfn&xfrfoèkhuka p Ñrs izkpq;sZ.k volja nnkfrA ikBÔiqLrdL;kL; fodklk;
fof'k"V;ksxnkuk; jkf"Vª;'kSf{kdkuqlUèkkuizf'k{k.kifj"kn~ Hkk"kkijke'kZnkr`lfers% vè;{kk.kka

2022-23

iv #fpjk & çFkeks Hkkx% iv

ikz -s ukeojflga egkns ;kuk]a lLa ÑrikBÔiLq rdkuka e[q ;ijke'kdZ kuka ikz -s jkèkkoYyHkf=kikfBegkHkkxkuk]a
ikBÔiqLrdfuekZ.klfers% lnL;kuk×p Ñrs gkfnZoQha ÑrKrka Kki;frA iqLrdL;kL; fodkls
uSosQ fo'ks"kKk% vuqHkfou% f'k{kdk'p ;ksxnkua ÑroUr%] rs"kka laLFkkizeq[kku~ laLFkk'p izfr
èkU;oknks O;kfß;rsA ekuolalkèkufodkleU=kky;L; ekè;fedksPpf'k{kkfoHkkxsu ikz s- e`.kkyfejh
izks- th-ih- ns'kik.Msegksn;kuke~ vkè;{ks la?kfVrk;k% jkf"Vª;&i;Zos{k.klfers% lnL;ku~ izfr
rs"kka cgqewY;;ksxnkuk; o;a fo'ks"ks.k ÑrKk%A

ikBÔiqLrdfodklØes mUurLrjk; fujUrja iz;Ru'khyk ifj"kfn;a iqLrdfena Nk=kk.kka Ñrs
mi;qDrrja drq± fo'ks"kKS% vuqHkfofHk% vè;kidS'p izsf"krkuka lRijke'kkZuka lnSo Lokxra
foèkkL;frA

uonsgyh funs'kd%
20 uoEcj 2006 jkf"Vª;'kSf{kdkuqla/kuizf'k{k.kifj"kn~

2022-23

v vdkjkUr&iqfYyX% v

IkkB;~ iLq rd fuek.Z k lfefr

vè;{k] Hkk"kk lykgdkj lfefr
ukeoj flga ] iow Z vè;{k] Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk osQa n]z tokgjyky ugs : fo'ofo|ky;] u;h fnYyhA
eq[; ijke'kZd
jk/koYyHk f=kikBh] ikz is- Qs lj ,oa vè;{k] lLa Ñr foHkkx] gjhflga xkjS fo'ofo|ky;] lkxjA
eq[; leUo;d
jketUe 'kek]Z iow Z ikzi-s Qs lj ,oa vè;{k] Hkk"kk f'k{kk foHkkx] ,u-lh-b-Z vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyhA
lnL;
voZQukFk pkS/jh] ikz is- Qs lj] jkf"Vª; laLÑr laLFkku] t;iqj oSaQil] t;iqjA
jkts'oj izlkn feJ] izokpd (laLÑr)] oqQ#{ks=k fo'ofo|ky;] gfj;k.kkA
oklnq os 'kkL=kh] lLa Ñr iHz kkjh (los kfuoÙ` k)] ,l-vkb-Z b-Z vkj-Vh] mn;ijq A
jkekLokeh vk;xa j] fun's kd (vodk'k ikz Ir)] fpUe; baVju's kuy iQkmaM's ku] caxs y#w A
nq%'kklu vks>k] izkpk;Z] osaQnzh; fo|ky;] iqjh] vksM+h'kkA
lqxU/ ik.Ms;] Vh-th-Vh- (laLÑr)] oasQnzh; fo|ky;] dk'khiqj] m/e fla g uxj]
mÙkjk[kaMA
iq#"kksÙke feJ] Vh-th-Vh- (laLÑr)] jk-ck-ek-fo-] dknhiqj] fnYyhA
latw feJ] Vh-th-Vh- (laLÑr)] ,-ih-ts- LowQy] lSDVj 16&,] uks,MkA
lnL; ,oa leUo;d
j.kftr csgsjk] izoDrk (laLÑr)] Hkk"kk f'k{kk foHkkx] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyhA

2022-23

vi #fpjk & çFkeks Hkkx% vi

ikB;~ iLq rd iuq jh{k.k lfefr

jk/koYyHk f=kikBh] oqQyifr] jkf"Vª; laLÑr laLFkku (ekfur fo'ofo|ky;)] tudiqjh]
u;h fnYyhA
jketUe 'kekZ] izkis- Qs lj ,oa vè;{k] Hkk"kk foHkkx] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh] u;h fnYyhA
mek'kadj 'kekZ Íf"k] iwoZ foHkkxkè;{k] laLÑr foHkkx] iVuk fo'ofo|ky;] iVukA
Ñ".k pUnz f=kikBh] izksi- Qs lj (laLÑr)] Hkk"kk foHkkx] ,u-lh-b-Z vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyhA
lqjs'k pUnz 'kekZ] funs'kd] fnYyh laLÑr vdkneh] >aMsokyku] u;h fnYyhA
iadt dqekj feJ] ofj"B izoDrk (laLÑr)] lsaV LVhi- asQl dkWyst] fnYyh fo'ofo|ky;] fnYyhA
jk?kosUnz iziUu] izoDrk] ,e-oh- dkWyst vkWi- Q ,tqosQ'ku] xhrk dkyksuh] fnYyhA
iwokZ Hkkj}kt] fujarj] u;h fnYyhA
lqxU/ ik.Ms;] Vh-th-Vh- (laLo`Qr)] osQUnhz ; fo|ky;] dk'khiqj] mQ/e ¯lg uxj] mÙkjk[k.MA
j.kftr cgs js k (leUo;d)] ioz Drk (lLa Ñr)] Hkk"kk foHkkx] ,u-lh-b-Z vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyhA

vkHkkj

jk"Vªh; 'kfS {kd vulq /a ku vkjS ifz 'k{k.k ifj"kn~ mu lHkh fo"k;&fo'k"s kKkas ,oa f'k{kdkas fo'k"s kr% ikz si- Qs lj
jktsUnz feJ] iwoZ dqyifr] lEiw.kkZuUn laLÑr fo'ofo|ky;] okjk.klh_ bPNkjke f}osnh] izokpd]
Jh yky cgknqj 'kkL=kh jkf"Vª; laLÑr fo|kihB] u;h fnYyh ,oa ukjk;.k nk'k] f'k{kd (laLÑr)]
loZdkjh; mPp fo|ky;] xqEek] xtifr] vksM+h'kk osQ izfr ÑrKrk Kkfir djrh gS] ftUgksaus bl
iLq rd oQs fuek.Z k eas viuk lfØ; ;kxs nku fn;k gAS ikz -s je's k oQq ekj ik.M;s ] oQq yifr] Jh yky cgknjq
'kkL=kh jk"Vªh; laLÑr fo|kihB] fnYyh_ izks- jes'k Hkkj}kt] laLÑr foHkkx] fnYyh fo'ofo|ky;]
fnYyh_ izks- jatuk vjksM+k] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyh_ izks- trhUnz eksgu feJ] Hkk"kk f'k{kk foHkkx]
,u-lh-b-Z vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyh_ ikz s- Ñ".kpUnz f=kikBh] Hkk"kk f'k{kk foHkkx] ,u-lh-b-Z vkj-Vh-] MkW- vkHkk
>k] ih-th-Vh-] (laLÑr)] xkxhZ loksZn; dU;k fo|ky;] xzhuikoZQ] u;h fnYyh rFkk Jherh yrk
vjksM+k] lsokfuo`Ùk] Vh-th-Vh-] (laLÑr)] osaQnzh; fo|ky; laxBu] u;h fnYyh us iqLrd iqujh{k.k
esa vusdfo/ lg;ksx ,oa ekxZn'kZu fd;k gSA ifj"kn~ lHkh osQ izfr gkfnZd ÑrKrk O;Dr djrh gSA

ifj"kn~ MkW- g"kZnso ek/o rFkk MkW- fo'okl osQ izfr gkfnZd vkHkkj O;Dr djrh gS] ftudh
jpukvksa ls bl iqLrd esa ikB~;&lkexzh yh xbZ gSA

iqLrd dh fuekZ.k&;kstuk ls ysdj izdk'ku i;ZUr fofo/ dk;ks± esa ;Fkkle; lfØ; Hkwfedk
fuHkkus osQ fy, laLÑr ikB~;iqLrd fuekZ.k lfefr osQ leUo;d o muosQ foHkkxh; lg;ksxh
deykdkUr feJ] ikz is- Qs lj ,oa Ñ".kpUnz f=kikBh] ikz is- Qs lj (lLa Ñr)] rFkk trhUnz ekgs u feJ] ikz is- Qs lj]
(laLÑr) lk/qokn osQ ik=k gSaA iqLrd fuekZ.k esa fofo/ lg;ksx osQ fy, ijljke dkSf'kd] iHz kkjh]
oaQI;wVj LVs'ku] Hkk"kk f'k{kk foHkkx rFkk Mh-Vh-ih- vkWijsVj ujsUnz oqQekj oekZ] jktho] deys'k vk;kZ

rFkk oqQ- vuhrk /U;okn osQ ik=k gaSA

2022-23

vii vdkjkUr&iqfYyX% vii

Hkwfedk

Hkkjr ,d cgqjaxh jk"Vª gSA ,sls esa dksbZ Hkh ikB~;iqLrd ,djaxh vkSj likV ugha gks ldrhA
f'k{kk'kkL=k dk foe'kZ Hkh ;g ekurk gS fd vè;;u&vè;kiu osQ Øe esa fo|kfFZk;ksa dh
i`"BHkwfe ,oa ifjos'k dks vxj Bhd rjhosQ ls 'kkfey ugha fd;k tkrk rks og KkukRed
Lrj ij cksf>y gks tkrk gSA 1993 esa ;'kiky lfefr us viuh fjiksVZ (f'k{kk fcuk cks>
osQ) esa bldh vksj è;ku fnyk;k gSA blosQ vuqlkj lh[kus&fl[kkus osQ Øe esa fo|kfFk;Z ksa
osQ lUnHkZ dks 'kkfey fd;k tkuk fo'ks"k egÙo j[krk gSA jk"Vªh; ikB~;p;kZ dh :ijs[kk
(2005) Hkh lq>krh gS fd cPps&cfPp;ksa osQ Ldwyh thou dks ckgj dh nqfu;k ls thoar
:i ls tksM+k tkuk pkfg,A

laLÑr dh #fpjk Ük`a[kyk dh rhuksa iqLrosaQ mijksDr oSpkfjd vk/kj ij fodflr dh
xbZ gaSA bl Ük`a[kyk dh igyh iqLrd #fpjk izFkeks Hkkx% (iqujhf{kr laLdj.k 2018) vkiosQ
lkeus izLrqr gSA vius uke osQ vuq:i bls #fpdj cukus dk ;FkklaHko iz;kl fd;k x;k gSA
iqLrd&fuekZ.k dk eq[; mís'; ;g jgk gS fd laLÑr osQ ljy okD;ksa dks le>us] cksyus]
i<+us vkSj fy[kus dh fo|kfFZk;ksa dh {kerk osQ fodkl esa ;g lgk;d gksA ;gk¡ laLÑr
Hkk"kk&f'k{k.k ij cy gSA

laLÑr Hkk"kk ftruh gh iqjkru gS] mruh gh og vius dks fpj uohu Hkh cukrh vkbZ
gSA cgqr ls vKkr dfo gq, gSa ftUgksaus lkekU; tu dh NksVh&NksVh bPNkvksa] liuksa ,oa
dfBukb;ksa dks Hkh Loj fn;k gSA laLÑr osQ vk/qfud ys[ku esa ;g yksd/kjk vkSj eq[kj
gqbZ gSA ;gh ugha laLÑr orZeku thou vkSj gekjs lalkj dks le>us igpkuus osQ fy;s Hkh
,d vPNk ekè;e cuus dh {kerk j[krh gSA blfy, ^#fpjk* Ük`a[kyk dh rhuksa iqLrdksa
esa vki Øe'k% lkfgR; esa pyh vk jgh fofo/ /kjkvksa dh Nfo;k¡ ik,¡xsA blesa nwljh
Hkk"kkvksa ls vuwfnr va'k Hkh fy, x, gSaA

#fpjk izFkeks Hkkx% esa oqQy 15 ikB gSaA buesa ik¡p i|ikB gSa vkSj 'ks"k x|ikBA
Ñf"kdk% deZohjk% 'kh"kZd xhr esa Hkkjr osQ L=kh ,oa iq#"k fdlku nksuksa dh ckr dh xbZ gSA
lkekU; rkSj ij L=kh dks fdlku oQs :i eas ugha n[s kk tkrk] tcfd okLrfodrk ;g gS fd
[krs h oQs vf/dk'a k dkeksa esa fL=k;ksa dk Je yxrk gSA foeku;kua jp;ke ,slk i| gS ftlls
ckyd jp;ke }kjk viuh dYiukvksa esa jax Hkjrs gaAS lwfDrLrcd% ikB esa ijEijk ls pyh

2022-23

viii #fpjk & çFkeks Hkkx% viii

vk jgh lfw Dr;kas dk lda yu bl idz kj fd;k x;k gS fd os fo|kfFkZ ;kas e]as thou dh c/¡ h&cè¡ kkbZ
n`f"V nsus dk ekè;e u cusaA mnkgj.k osQ rkSj ij igyh gh lwfDr ;g crkrh gS fd dksbZ
Hkh dk;Z djus ls fl¼ gksrk gS dsoy dkeuk djus ls ughaA ftl idz kj lksrs gq, flag osQ
eq[k esa e`x Lo;a izos'k ugha djrkA Hkko ;g fd o;Ld osQfUnzr Kku ek=k dh izfr"Bk
ikB~;iqLrd }kjk u gks] bldk è;ku j[kk x;k gSA

x|kRed ikBksa esa rhu dFkk,¡ gSa] nks fucU/ ikB gSa vkSj nks laoknkRed ikBA
cdL; irz hdkj%] n'ke% Roe~¿fl vkjS vgg vk% p 'kh"kZd rhu dFkk,¡ gSaA cdL; irz hdkj%
dFkk yksd izpfyr gSA lEHko gS fd fo|kfFZk;ksa us viuh ?kj&ckgj dh Hkk"kkvksa esa bl dFkk
osQ fofo/ laLdj.k lqus&i<+s gksaxsA n'ke% Roe~¿fl dFkk esa ,d ifFkd cPpksa dks fxurh
fxuus esa lg;ksx djrk gSA lh[kus&fl[kkus dh izfØ;k ls ysdj O;ogkj rd esa
cPps&cfPp;ksa rFkk o;Ldksa dh Hkwfedk lg;ksxh dh gksrh gSA vgg vk% p ,d d'ehjh
yksddFkk gSA yksdcqf¼ lÙkk vkSj mlosQ 'kks"k.krU=k dks pqukSrh nsrh gS] ;g bl ikB ls
mHkjdj lkiQ vkrk gAS

fuca/kRed nks ikB gSa leqnrz V% vkjS iq"iksRlo%A leqnzrV osQoy i;ZVu LFky ugha
gSA ;g vkthfodk ls Hkh tqM+k gS] bldk laosQr bl ikB esa feyrk gSA iq"iksRlo% (iQwy
okyksa dh lSj) ,d ,slk mRlo gS tks Hkkjr dh feyh&tqyh laLÑfr dk izrhd gAS gkyk¡fd
;g esyk cM+s iSekus ij ugha euk;k tkrk] ijUrq ;g egÙoiw.kZ gSA ;g ikB laLÑr dk
ledkyhu thou ls tqM+ko Hkh iznf'Zkr djrk gSA laoknkRed ikBksa esa ØhMkLi/kZ uked ikB
dk laxzg gSA blesa cPps LowQy esa gksusokys [ksy dh izfr;ksfxrkvksa dh ppkZ djrs gSaA ;s
tks cPps gSa os lekt osQ fofHkUu leqnk;ksa osQ gSaA muesa iwju uke osQ ,d cPps dh fo'ks"k
vko';drk,¡ gSaA vHkh rd laLÑr esa fo'ks"k vko';drkvksa osQ fy, fodykax 'kCn dk
iz;ksx fd;k tk jgk gSA ijUrq bl 'kCn ls ghurk dk cks/ gksrk gSA bldh txg laLÑr
esa vU;FkkleFkZ% in dk iz;ksx ;gk¡ fd;k x;k gSA dkj.k] ;g iqLrd Hkk"kk&f'k{k.k dk izFke
lksiku gh gSA mÙkjksÙkj d{kkvksa esa Hkk"kk dkS'ky lh[krs gq, fo|kFkhZ vis{kkÑr tfVy
vfHkO;fDr;ksa dks lgt :i ls xgz .k dj ik,¡xsA

bl iqLrd osQ izkjafHkd rhu ikBksa esa ,sls 'kCnksa dks lesVus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gS
tks fo|kfFZk;ksa osQ nSuafnu thou ls tqM+s gSaA oqQN :f<+c¼ /kj.kkvksa ls vyx gVdj u;h

2022-23

ix vdkjkUr&iqfYyX% ix

Hkwfedkvksa esa yksxksa dks fn[kk;k x;k gSA ;Fkk pkfydk 'kCnA blosQ lkFk fn;k x;k fp=k vFkZ
dk foLrkj djrs gq, VSDlh pykrh fL=k;ksa dks n'kkZrk gSA ;|fi lkekftd :f<+;ksa osQ dkj.k
mudh la[;k de gAS

dfBu 'kCnksa dk vFkZ&cks/ djkus gsrq Nk=kksa dh lqfo/k osQ fy, izR;sd ikB osQ vUr
esa fn;k x;k 'kCnkFkZ (laLÑr&fgUnh&vaxtzs -h) bl iqLrd dh fo'ks"krk gSA iqLrd osQ vUr
eas ifjf'k"V :i esa dkjd vkjS foHkfDr;ksa dk lkekU; ifjp; fn;k x;k gS ftlls Nk=k
buosQ vUrj dks le> losaQA fo|kFkhZ ikBksa esa mBk, x, fopkjksa ij è;ku nsa vkSj vius
vuqlkj mls le>us dk i;z kl djsa] ;gh vis{kk gAS blesa f'k{kd&f'kf{kdkvksa dh lfØ;
lgHkkfxrk vko';d gSA

f'k{kd dh Hkwfedk

dksbZ Hkh ikB~;Øe rFkk iqLrd fdruh gh oSKkfud vkSj #fpiw.kZ D;ksa u gks] vè;kiu&dk;Z
esa f'k{kd dh Hkwfedk vR;Ur egÙoiw.kZ gksrh gSA tgk¡ vè;kiu dh liQyrk osQ fy,
rduhdh 'kSyh ls ;qDr ikB~;iqLrdksa dh vis{kk jgrh gS] ogha nwljh vksj ikB~;iqLrdksa esa
fufgr O;kdj.k&lEcU/h fcUnqvksa vkSj Hkkf"kd rÙoksa osQ izk;ksfxd vH;kl gsrq oqQ'ky
vè;kiu 'kSyh Hkh visf{kr gSA vk'kk dh tkrh gS fd f'k{kdx.k izLrqr iqLrd osQ ekè;e
ls Hkk"kk osQ visf{kr dkS'kyksa dks fo|kfFkZ;ksa rd igq¡pkus esa viuk vewY; lg;ksx iznku
djsaxsA dFkk&izlÄkõ sa rFkk xhrksa dks ân;Äeõ cukus osQ fy, ;Fkkolj n`';&JO; ;kfU=kd
ekè;eksa dk mi;ksx visf{kr gSA tks ikB laokn&ijd gSa mudk fo|kfFkZ;ksa ls vfHku; Hkh
djk;k tk ldrk gSA

;|fi bl ladyu dks fo|kfFkZ;ksa osQ vuq:i cukus dk iw.kZ iz;kl fd;k x;k gS]
rFkkfi bldks vkSj vf/d mi;ksxh cukus osQ fy, vuqHkoh laLÑr vè;kidksa osQ cgqewY;
lq>koksa dk ge lrr Lokxr djsaxsA

2022-23

xk/a h th dk tra j

rqEgsa ,d tarj nsrk gw¡A tc Hkh rqEgsa lansg gks

;k rqEgkjk vge~ rqe ij gkoh gksus yxs] rks
;g dlkSVh vk”kekvks %

tks lcls xjhc vkSj de”kksj vkneh rqeus
ns[kk gks] mldh 'kDy ;kn djks vkSj vius
fny ls iwNks fd tks dne mBkus dk rqe
fopkj dj jgs gks] og ml vkneh ds fy,
fdruk mi;ksxh gksxkA D;k mlls mls dNq ykHk
igp¡q xs k\ D;k mlls og vius gh thou vkjS
HkkX; ij dNq dkcw j[k ldxs k\ ;kuh D;k mlls
mu djkMs k+ as ykxs kas dks LojkT; fey ldxs k] ftuds
iVs Hk[w ks gSa vkSj vkRek vr`Ir gS\

rc rqe ns[kksxs fd rqEgkjk lansg feV jgk
gS vkSj vge~ lekIr gksrk tk jgk gSA

2022-23

ikBkuqØef.kdk

izFke% ikB% iqjksoko~Q iii
f}rh;% ikB% Hkwfedk
r`rh;% ikB% eÄõye~ vii
prqFkZ% ikB% 'kCnifjp;%&I
i×pe% ikB% 'kCnifjp;%&II xii
"k"B% ikB% 'kCnifjp;%&III
lIre% ikB% fo|ky;% 1
v"Ve% ikB% o{` kk% 9
uoe% ikB% lenq rz V% 16
n'ke% ikB% cdL; çrhdkj% 23
,dkn'k% ikB% lwfDrLrcd% 30
}kn'k% ikB% ØhMkLi/kZ 35
=k;ksn'k% ikB% Ñf"kdk% deZohjk% 41
prqnZ'k% ikB% iq"iksRlo% 46
i×pn'k% ikB% n'ke% Roe~ vfl 51
foeku;kua jp;ke 58
ifjf'k"Ve~ vgg vk% p 63
ekrqypUnz! (ckyxhre)~ 68
74
dkjd&foHkfDr&ifjp;%] 'kCn:ikf.k /kr:q ikf.k p 78
83
88

2022-23

eÄõye~

vga uekfe ekrje~
xqjQa uekfe lknje~ AA1AA

Lo;a iBkfe loZnk
fiz;a onkfe loZnk AA2AA
fgra djksfe loZnk
'kqHka djksfe loZnk AA3AA
foHkqa uekfe lknje~
xqjQa uekfe lknje~ AA4AA
pykfe uhfr&lRiFks
gjkfe ekr`Hkw&O;Fkke~ AA5AA
n/kfe lk/qrkozre~
l`tkfe dhfrZlRdFkke~ AA6AA
izHkqa uekfe lknje~
vga uekfe ekrje~ AA7AA

bPNkjke f}osnh ^iz.ko%^

2022-23

'kCnifjp;%&I 1

çFke% ikB%

'kCnifjp;%&I

,"k% d%\
,"k% p"kd%A
fde~ ,"k% c`gr~\
u] ,"k% y?kq%A

l% d%\
l% lkSfpd%A
lkSfpd% ¯d djksfr\
¯d l% [ksyfr\
u] l% oL=ka lhO;frA

,rkS dkS\
,rkS 'kqudkS Lr%A
fde~ ,rkS xtZr%\
u] ,rkS mPpS% cqDdr%A

rkS dkS\
rkS cyhonkSZ Lr%A
¯d rkS /kor%\
u] rkS {ks=ka d"kZr%A

2022-23

2 #fpjk & çFkeks Hkkx%

,rs osQ\
,rs L;wrk% lfUrA
fde~ ,rs gfjro.kkZ%\
ufg] ,rs uhyo.kkZ% lfUrA

rs osQ\
rs o`¼k% lfUrA
¯d rs xk;fUr\
ufg rs glfUrA

p"kd% 'kCnkFkkZ% glass

c`gr~ µ fxykl large
lkSfpd% µ cM+k tailor
[ksyfr µ nthZ play
lhO;fr µ [ksyrk gS sews
'kqudkS µ flykbZ djrk gS two dogs
xtrZ % µ nks oqQÙks roar
mPp%S µ xjtrs gaS loudly
µ tksj ls

2022-23

'kCnifjp;%&I 3

,rkS µ ;s nksuksa these two
cqDdr% µ HkkSadrs gSa bark
cyhonkSZ µ nks cSy two oxen
/kor% µ nkSM+rs gSa run
d"kZr% µ tksrrs gSa] tksr jgs gSa plough
o`¼k% µ cw<+s old men
xk;fUr µ xkrs gSa] xk;u djrs gSa sing
glfUr µ g¡lrs gSa laugh
L;wrk% µ FkyS s bags
gfjro.kkZ% µ gjs jax osQ of green colour
uhyo.kkZ% µ uhys jax osQ of blue clour

1- (d) mPpkj.ka oQq #rA vH;kl% ?kV%
Nk=k% nhid%
f'k{kd% xt% v'o%
e;jw % edj% pUn%z
'kdq % fcMky% xk;d%
ckyd% e"w kd%
pkyd%

2022-23

4 #fpjk & çFkeks Hkkx%

([k) fp=kkf.k n"` Vo~ k inkfu mPpkj;rA

Ñ"kd% o`"kHk% HkYywd%

e.Mdw % diksr% i;ZÄï%

nwjHkk"k% dkd% lkSfpd%

2- (d) o.klZ ;a kts uus ina fy[kr& ¾ p"kd%
;Fkk& p~ $ v $ "k~ $ v $ oQ~ $ v% ¾
l~ $ vkS $ p~ $ b $ oQ~ $ v% ¾
'k~ $ m $ u~ $ v $ oQ~ $ vkS ¾
/~ $ vk $ o~ $ v $ r~ $ v%

2022-23

'kCnifjp;%&I 5

o~ $ ½ $ n~ $ /~ $ vk% ¾

x~ $ vk $ ;~ $ v $ u~ $ r~ $ b ¾

([k) inkuka o.kfZ oPNns a inz 'k;Z r&
;Fkk& y?k%q ¾ y~ $ v $ ?k~ $ m%

lhO;fr ¾ y ?k%q
o.kk%Z ¾ --------------------------------------------------------
oqQDOkqQjkS ¾ --------------------------------------------------------
e;jw k% ¾ --------------------------------------------------------
ckyd% ¾ --------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------

3- mnkgj.ka n"` Vo~ k fjDrLFkkukfu ijw ;r&

;Fkk& p"kd% p"kdkS p"kdk%
---------------- cyhonkZS ----------------
'kuq d% ---------------- ----------------
---------------- ----------------
ex` k%
---------------- lkfS pdkS ----------------
e;jw % ---------------- ----------------

4- fp=kkf.k n"` Vo~ k lLa Ñrinkfu fy[kr&

--------------------- --------------------- ---------------------

2022-23

6 #fpjk & çFkeks Hkkx%

--------------------- --------------------- ---------------------

5- fp=ka n"` Vo~ k mÙkja fy[kr&

;Fkk& ckyd% ¯d djkfs r\
ckyd% iBfrA

-v---'--o--k-S--¯--d-----o---Qq -#--r--%--\-------
o---Qq-D--o---Qq-j--k-%---¯--d-----o---Qq -o--fZ--U-r--\-

2022-23

'kCnifjp;%&I 7

-N--k-=--k-k-S --¯-d------o--Qq-#---r--%-\---------

-Ñ---"-k-d----%---¯-d-----d----j--k-fs -r--\------

x---t---k-S --¯-d-----o---Qq -#--r---%-\----------

6- inkfu l;a kTs ; okD;kfu jp;r& u`R;fUr
xtk% xk;fr
¯lgkS iBr%
xk;d% pyfUr
ckydkS xtrZ %
e;jw k%

2022-23

8 #fpjk & çFkeks Hkkx%

7- e×t"w kkr% ina fpRok fjDrLFkkukfu ijw ;r&

uR` ;fUr xtrZ % /kofr pyr% iQyfUr [kknfr
(d) e;jw k% --------------A (?k) ¯lgkS --------------A
([k) xtkS --------------A (Ä) okuj% --------------A
(x) o{` kk% --------------A (p) v'o% --------------A

8- l%] rk]S rs bR;rs Hs ;% mfpra louZ keina fpRok fjDrLFkkukfu ijw ;r&

;Fkk& v'o% /kofr & l% /kofrA

(d) xtk% pyfUrA & -------------- pyfUrA

([k) Nk=kkS iBr%A & -------------- iBr%A

(x) okujk% ØhMfUrA & -------------- ØhMfUrA

(?k) xk;d% xk;frA & -------------- xk;frA

(Ä) e;jw k% uR` ;fUrA & -------------- uR` ;fUrA

è;krO;e~

(d) laLÑrs =khf.k fyÄõkfu HkofUr& iq¡fYyÄaõ] L=khfyÄaõ] uiqaldfyÄõ×pA
([k) laLÑrs =k;% iq#"kk% HkofUr& izFkeiq#"k%] eè;eiq#"k%] mÙkeiq#"k'pA
(x) laLÑrs =khf.k opukfu HkofUr& ,dopua] f}opua] cgqopu×pA

2022-23

lk dk\ 'kCnifjp;%&II 9
lk ?kfVdkA
?kfVdk ¯d lwp;fr\ f}rh;% ikB%
?kfVdk le;a lwp;frA
'kCnifjp;%&II

,"kk dk\
,"kk nksykA
nksyk oqQ=k vfLr\
nksyk mious vfLrA

,rs osQ\
fde~ ,rs dksfdys\
u] ,rs pVosQA
pVosQ ¯d oqQ#r%\
,rs fogjr%A

2022-23

10 #fpjk & çFkeks Hkkx% ,rk% dk%\
,rk% LFkkfydk%A
rs osQ\ fde~ ,rk% xksykdkjk%\
rs pkfyosQ Lr%A vke~] ,rk% xksykdkjk% ,oA
rs ¯d oqQ#r%\
rs okgua pky;r%A

rk% dk%\
rk% vtk%A
rk% ¯d oqQoZfURk\
rk% pjfUrA

,"kk 'kCnkFkk%Z this
nksyk swing
oqQ=k & ;g (L=kh-) where
mious & >yw k in the garden
?kfVdk & dgk¡ clock
& cxhps esa
& ?kM+h

2022-23

'kCnifjp;%&II 11

lwp;fr & lwfpr djrh gS indicates
dkfs dys & nks dks;y two cuckoos
,rs & ;s (f}opu] L=kh-) these
pVoQs & nks xkSjS;k two sparrows
oqQ#r% & djrh gSa do
fogjr% & iqQnd jgh gSa hopping
pkfyoQs & nks efgyk MªkbZoj female driver
pky;r% & pykrh gSa drive
,rk% & ;s (cgqopu] L=kh-) these
LFkkfydk% & Fkkfy;k¡ plates
vke~ & gk¡ yes
,o & gh only
vtk% & cdfj;k¡ goats
pjfUr & pjrh gSa graze

1- (d) mPpkj.ka oQq #rA vH;kl% yfs [kdk
Nk=kk yrk lfs odk
f'kf{kdk ifs Vdk iz;ksx'kkyk xkf;dk
ukdS k Nfq jdk ekyk
dfydk

2022-23

12 #fpjk & çFkeks Hkkx%

([k) fp=kkf.k n"` Vo~ k inkfu mPpkj;rA

lwfpdk fiihfydk oQq f×pdk
f}pfØdk mRihfBdk ef{kdk

vfXuisfVdk ekfidk oh.kk

2- (d) o.kZla;kstua ÑRok ina dks"BosQ fy[kr& ¾ oqQ#r%
;Fkk& o~Q $ m $ j~ $ m $ r~ $ v%

m $ n~ $ ;~ $ vk $ u~ $ , ¾

l~ $ Fk~ $ vk $ y~ $ b $ o~Q $ vk ¾

?k~ $ v $ V~ $ b $ o~Q $ vk ¾

l~ $ r~ $ j~ $ bZ $ y~ $ b $ Ä~ $ x~ $ v% ¾

e~ $ vk $ i~ $ b $ o~Q $ vk ¾

2022-23

'kCnifjp;%&II 13

([k) inkuka o.kfZ oPNns a inz 'k;Z r&

;Fkk& dkfs dys¾ oQ~ $ vks $ oQ~ $ b $ y~ $ ,

pVoQs dks fd ys
/kfodk% ¾ --------------------------------------------------------
oQq f×pdk ¾ --------------------------------------------------------
[kVo~ k ¾ --------------------------------------------------------
Nfq jdk ¾ --------------------------------------------------------
¾ --------------------------------------------------------

3- fp=ka n"` Vo~ k lLa Ñrina fy[kr&

--------------- --------------- ---------------

--------------- --------------- ---------------

4- opukulq kja fjDrLFkkukfu ijw ;r& cgoq pue~
yrk%
,dopue~ f}opue~ -------------------
-------------------
;Fkk& yrk yrs

xhrk -------------------

------------------- isfVosQ

2022-23

14 #fpjk & çFkeks Hkkx%

------------------- ------------------- [kVo~ k%
lk ------------------- -------------------
------------------- jksfVosQ -------------------
5- dks"Bdkr~ mfpra 'kCna fpRok okD;a iwj;r&
;Fkk& ckfydk iBfrA (ckfydk@ckfydk%)
(d) ----------------- pjr%A (vtk%@vt)s
([k) ----------------- lfUrA (f}pfØoQs @f}pfØdk%)
(x) ----------------- pyfrA (ukoS sQ@ukdS k)
(?k) ----------------- vfLrA (lfw poQs @lfw pdk)
(Ä) ----------------- mRirfUrA (ef{kdk%@ef{kosQ)

6- lk] rs] rk% bR;srsH;% mfpra loZukeina fpRok fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&

;Fkk& yrk vfLrA & lk vfLrA

(d) efgyk% /kofUrA & ------------- /kofUrA

([k) lq/k onfrA & ------------- onfrA

(x) tofuosQ nksyr%A & ------------- nkys r%A

(?k) fiihfydk% pyfUrA & ------------- pyfUrA

(Ä) pVosQ owQtr%A & ------------- oQw tr%A

2022-23

'kCnifjp;%&II 15

7- e×tw"kkr% drZ`ina fpRok fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r& iq"iekyk%

yfs [kdk ckyd% ¯lgk% f=kpfØdk

(d) --------------- lfUrA
([k) --------------- i';frA
(x) --------------- fy[kfrA
(?k) --------------- xtfZ UrA
(Ä) --------------- pyfrA

8- e×tw"kkr% drZ`inkuqlkja fØ;kina fpRok fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&

xk;r% u`R;fr fy[kfUr i';fUr fogjr%

(d) lkES ;k --------------------A
([k) pVoQs -----------------A
(x) ckfyosQ --------------A
(?k) Nk=kk% -----------------A
(Ä) tuk% ------------------A

2022-23

16 #fpjk & çFkeks Hkkx%

rr` h;% ikB%

'kCnifjp;%&III

,rr~ fde\~
,rr~ [kfu=ke~ vfLr\
Jfedk [kfu=ka pky;frA

rr~ fde\~ ,rs oQs \
rr~ foJkexg` e~ vfLrA ,rs vÄq õyh;oQs Lr%A
fde~ v=k fHkfÙkde~ vfLr\ loq .kdZ kj% vÄq yõ h;oQs jp;frA
v=k fHkfÙkoQa u vfLrA

rs oQs \
rs cl;kus Lr%A
rs cl;kus oQq =k xPNr%\
rs jys LFkkuoQa xPNr%A

2022-23

'kCnifjp;%&III 17

,rkfu dkfu\
,rkfu djoL=kkf.k lfUrA
fde~ ,rkfu ijq k.kkfu\
u] ,rkfu rq urw ukfuA

rkfu dkfu\
rkfu dnyhiQykfu lfUrA
¯d rkfu e/jq kf.k\
vke]~ rkfu e/jq kf.k ik"s kdkf.k pA

,rr~ (ui-aq ) & 'kCnkFkk%Z it
foJkexg` e~ & rest house
v=k & ;g here
fHkfÙkde~ & foJkeky; fence, wall
[kfu=ke~ & ;gk¡ digging axe
Jfedk & ?kjs k] nhokj female labour
pky;fr & oQq nky] [kUrh moves/uses
,rs & etnjw uh these two
cl;kus & pykrh gS two buses
;s nkus ksa
nks clas

2022-23

18 #fpjk & çFkeks Hkkx%

oQq =k & dgk¡ where
xPNr% & tk jgs g@aS tk jgh gaS are going
jys LFkkude~ & LV's ku railway station
& nks vx¡ fw B;k¡ two rings
vXqyh;oQs & gaS are
& luq kj@lkus kj goldsmith
Lr% & ;s (ui-aq ] cg-q ) these
loq .kdZ kj% & oQs ys oQs iQy bananas
,rkfu & ehB@s vPNs sweet
dnyhiQykfu & ik"s kd naurishment
e/jq kf.k & #eky handkerchiefs
ik"s kdkf.k & ijq kus old
djoL=kkf.k & u;s new
ijq k.kkfu
uwrukfu

vH;kl%

1- (d) mPpkj.ka oQq #rA

iQye~ xg` e~ ik=ke~ i"q ie~
iLq rde~
}kje~ foekue~ deye~ tye~

l=w ke~ N=ke~ Hkoue~

2022-23

'kCnifjp;%&III 19

([k) fp=kkf.k n"` Vo~ k inkfu mPpkj;rA

i.keZ ~ ØhMude~ ukfjoQs ye~

lÄ.õ kde~ okrk;ue~ lksikue~

m|kue ~ mius=ke~ dÄrï e~

2- (d) o.kZla;kstua ÑRok ina dks"BosQ fy[kr& ¾ i.kZe~
;Fkk& i~ $ v $ j~ $ .k~ $ v $ e~ ¾
[k~ $ v $ u~ $ b $ r~ $ j~ $ v $ e~ ¾
i~ $ m $ j~ $ vk $ .k~ $ vk $ u~ $ b

2022-23

20 #fpjk & çFkeks Hkkx%

i~ $ vks $ "k~ $ v $ o~Q $ vk $ .k~ $ b ¾
o~Q $ v $ Ä~ $ o~Q $ v $ r~ $ v $ e~ ¾

([k) v/kfs yf[krkuka inkuka o.kfZ oPNns a oQq #r&

;Fkk& O;tue~ ¾ o~ $ ;~ $ v $ t~ $ v $ u~ $ v $ e~
iLq rde~ ¾ -----------------------------------------------------------------------
fHkfÙkde~ ¾ -----------------------------------------------------------------------
uwrukfu ¾ -----------------------------------------------------------------------
okrk;ue~ ¾ -----------------------------------------------------------------------
miu=s ke~ ¾ -----------------------------------------------------------------------

3- fp=kkf.k n"` Vo~ k lLa Ñrinkfu fy[kr&

-------------------- -------------------- --------------------

-------------------- -------------------- --------------------

2022-23

'kCnifjp;%&III 21

4- fp=ka n"` Vo~ k mÙkja fy[kr&
;Fkk& ¯d irfr\
-----------------------------

e;jw kS ¯d oQq #r%A
-----------------------------

,rs oQs Lr%\
-----------------------------

ckfydk% ¯d oQq ofZ Ur\
-----------------------------

dkfu fodlfUr\
-----------------------------

2022-23

22 #fpjk & çFkeks Hkkx%

5- fun'Zs kkulq kja okD;kfu jp;r& & ,rkfu irfUrA
;Fkk& ,rr~ irfrA (cgoq pu)s & ------------------------------
(d) ,rs i.kZs Lr%A (cgoq pu)s & ------------------------------
([k) e;jw % uR` ;frA (cgoq pu)s & ------------------------------
(x) ,rkfu ;kukfuA (f}opu)s & ------------------------------
(?k) Nk=ks fy[kr%A (cgoq pu)s & ------------------------------
(Ä) ukfjoQs ya irfrA (f}opu)s

6- mfprinkfu l;a kTs ; okD;kfu jp;r&

dkfs dys fodlfr

iou% u`R;fUr

i"q ie~ mRirfr

[kx% ogfr

e;jw k% xtfZ Ur
¯lgk% oQw tr%

2022-23

,"k% fo|ky;%A fo|ky;% 23
v=k Nk=kk% f'k{kdk%]
f'kf{kdk% p lfUrA prFq k%Z ikB%

fo|ky;%

,"kk lÄ.õ kd;U=k&i;z kxs 'kkyk vfLrA
,rkfu lÄ.õ kd;U=kkf.k lfUrA

,rr~ vLekoQa fo|ky;L;
m|kue~ vfLrA
m|kus i"q ikf.k lfUrA
o;e~ v=k ØhMke% iBke% pA

2022-23

24 #fpjk & çFkeks Hkkx%

½pk & ro uke fde\~
i.z ko% & ee uke i.z ko%A ro uke fde\~
½pk &ee uke ½pkA Roa oQq =k iBfl\
i.z ko% & vge~ v=k ,o iBkfeA
½pk & vge~ vfi v=k ,o iBkfeA

bnkuhe~ vkoka fe=ks Lo%A

f'kf{kdk & Nk=kk%! ;;w a foQa oQq jQFk\
Nk=kk% & vkpk;!Zs o;a xPNke%A
f'kf{kdk & ;;w a oQq =k xPNFkA
Nk=kk% & o;a lHkkxkja xPNke%A
f'kf{kdk & ;"q ekoQa iLq rdkfu oQq =k lfUr\
Nk=kk% & vLekoQa iLq rdkfu v=k lfUrA

f'k{kd%& Nk=kk!S ;oq ka foQa oQq jQFk%\
Nk=kkS & vkpk;!Z vkoka 'ykos Qa xk;ko%A
f'k{kd% & 'kkHs kue]~ foQa ;oq ka 'ykos Qa u

fy[kFk%\
Nk=kkS & vkoka fy[kko%] iBko%]

xk;ko%] fp=kkf.k vfi
jp;ko%A
f'k{kd%& cg'q kkHs kue\~

2022-23

fo|ky;% 25

'kCnkFkk%Z

lÄõ.kd;U=kkf.k & (vuds ) dEI;Vw j computer

vLekde~ & gekjk@ge ykxs kas dk our

o;e~ (louZ ke) & ge lc we

ro & rjs k your

ee~ & ejs k my/mine

Roe~ (louZ ke) & rqe you

vge~ (louZ ke) & eaS I/my self

,o (vO;;) & gh only

vfi (vO;;) & Hkh also

bnkuhe~ (vO;;) & vc@bl le; now

vkoke~ (louZ ke)& ge nkus kas we two

fe=ks (ui)aq & (nk)s fe=k two friends

Lo% & (ge nkus k)as gaS (we two) are

;;w e~ (louZ ke) & req lc you (all)

vkpk;!Zs & f'kf{kdk (lEck/s u) oh teacher!

;"q ekde~ & rEq gkjk@req ykxs kas dk your/of you (all)

oQq =k & dgk¡ where

` lHkkxkje~ & lHkkxkj dks to the assembly/auditorium

;oq ke~ (louZ ke) & req nkus kas you two

vkpk;!Z & xjq Q@f'k{kd (lEck/s u) oh teachre!

'kkHs kue~ & vPNk good/fine

xk;ko% & (ge nk)s xkrs g@aS xkrh gaS we two sing/are singing

jp;ko% & (ge nk)s cukrs g@aS cukrh gS we two make/are making

2022-23

26 #fpjk & çFkeks Hkkx%

vH;kl%

1- mPpkj.ka oQq #rA

vge~ vkoke~ o;e~

eke~ vkoke~ vLeku~

ee vko;ks% vLekde~

Roe~ ;oq ke~ ;;w e~

Roke~ ;oq ke~ ;"q Ekku~

ro ;oq ;k%s ;"q ekde~

2- fun'Zs kkulq kja ifjoruZ a oQq jQr& (cgoq pu)s & o;a iBke%A
;Fkk& vga iBkfeA & (cgoq pu)s & ------------------------------
(cgoq pu)s & ------------------------------
(d) vga uR` ;kfeA & (,dopu)s & ------------------------------
(cgoq pu)s & ------------------------------
([k) Roa iBflA & (,dopu)s & ------------------------------
(f}opu)s & ------------------------------
(x) ;oq ka ØhMFk%A &

(?k) vkoka xPNko%A &

(Ä) vLekoQa iLq rdkfuA &

(p) ro xg` eA~ &

2022-23

fo|ky;% 27

3- dks"Bdkr~ mfpra 'kCna fpRok fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&
(d) ------------------------------ iBkfeA (o;e@~ vge)~
([k) ------------------------------ xPNFk%A (;oq ke@~ ;;w e)~
(x) ,rr~ ------------------------------ iLq rdeA~ (eke@~ ee)
(?k) ------------------------------ ØhMudkfuA (;"q eku@~ ;"q ekde)~
(Ä) ------------------------------ Nk=ks Lo%A (o;e@~ vkoke)~
(p) ,"kk------------------------------ y[s kuhA (ro@Roke)~

4- fØ;kinS% okD;kfu iwj;r& ØhMFk% fy[kkfe i';Fk
iBfl /koke% xPNko%

;Fkk& vga iBkfeA

(d) Roa ------------------------------

([k) vkoka ------------------------------

(x) ;w;a ------------------------------

(?k) vga ------------------------------

(Ä) ;oq ka ------------------------------

(p) o;a -----------------------------

2022-23

28 #fpjk & çFkeks Hkkx%

5- mfprinS% okD;fuekZ.ka oqQjQr& vLekde~ ;"q ekde~
ee ro vko;ks% ;oq ;k%s

;Fkk& ,"kk ee ifq LrdkA
(d) ,rr~ ------------------------------ xg` eA~
([k) ------------------------------ e=S kh n<` kA
(x) ,"k% ------------------------------ fo|ky;%A
(?k) ,"kk ------------------------------ vè;kfidkA
(Ä) Hkkjre~ ------------------------------ n's k%A
(p) ,rkfu ------------------------------ iLq rdkfuA

6- ,dopuinL; cgoq puin]a cgoq puinL; ,dopuina p fy[kr&

;Fkk& ,"k% & ,rs

(d) l% & ----------------------

([k) rk% & ----------------------

(x) ,rk% & ----------------------

(?k) Roe~ & ----------------------

(Ä) vLekde~ & ----------------------

(p) ro & ----------------------

(N) ,rkfu & ----------------------

2022-23

fo|ky;% 29

7- (d) okrkyZ kis fjDrLFkkukfu ijw ;r&
;Fkk& fi;z oa nk & 'koQq Ury!s Roa foQa djkfs "k\

'koQq Uryk & fi;z oa n!s --------------- uR` ;kfe] --------------- foQa djkfs "k\

fi;z oa nk & 'koQq Ury!s --------------- xk;kfeA foQa ---------------u xk;fl\

'koQq Uryk & fi;z oa n!s --------------- u xk;kfeA --------------- rq uR` ;kfeA

fi;z oa nk & 'koQq Ury!s foQa -------------- ekrk uR` ;frA

'koQq Uryk & vke]~ -------------- ekrk vfi uR` ;frA

fi;z oa nk & lk/]q -------------- pyko%A

([k) mi;Dq rus vFkuZs lg ;kts ;r&

'kCn% vFkZ

lk req nkus kas dk

rkfu req lc

vLekde~ ejs k

;;w e~ og (L=khfyÄ)õ

vkoke~ rEq gkjk

ee os (uilaq dfyÄ)õ

;oq ;k%s ge nkus kas

ro gekjk

2022-23

30 #fpjk & çFkeks Hkkx%

i×pe% ikB%

o{` kk%

ous ous fuolUrks o{` kk%A
oua oua jp;fUr o{` kk% AA1AA

'kk[kknkys klhuk fogxk%A
r%S fdefi oQw tfUr o{` kk% AA2AA

ficfUr ioua tya lUrreA~
lk/qtuk bo losZ o`{kk% AA3AA

Li'` kfUr ikn%S ikrkya pA
uHk% f'kjLlq ogfUr o{` kk% AA4AA

i;kns i.Z ks Loifz rfcEce~
dkrS oq Qs u i';fUr o{` kk% AA5AA

ilz k;Z LoPNk;klLa rj.keA~
oQq ofZ Ur lRdkja o{` kk%A AA6AA

Mk-W g"knZ os ek/o%

2022-23

o{` kk% 31

'kCnkFkk%Z

ous ous & iRz ;ds ou eas in each forest
fuolUr% & jgrs g,q @jgus okys living
jp;fUr & jprs g]aS cukrs gaS make
'kk[kk & Mkfy;k]¡ Vgfu;k¡ branches
nkys k & >yw k swing
vklhuk% & cBS s g,q sitting
fogxk% & i{khx.k birds
fdefi & oQq N Hkh anything/something
oQw tfUr & oQw drs g@aS oQw drh gaS chirp
lUrre~ & fujUrj@yxkrkj always
lk/tq uk% & riLoh ykxs @lTtu sages
bo & dh rjg like
ficfUr & ihrs gaS drink
Li`'kfUr & Li'kZ djrs gaS touch
uHk% & vkdk'k dks the sky
f'kjLlq & flj ij on head
ogfUr & <krs s gaS carry
i;kns i.Z ks & ty:ih ni.Z k@vkbuZ s eas in mirror-like water
Loifz rfcEce~ & vius ifz rfcEc dks one’s own image
i';fUr & n[s krs gaS see, look at

2022-23

32 #fpjk & çFkeks Hkkx%

dkrS oq Qs u & vk'p;Z ls with wonder
iQS ykdj expanding
ilz k;Z & viuh Nk;k :ih own shadow’s-bed
fcLrjs dks
LoPNk;klLa rj.ke~ & vknj respect

(Lo$Nk;k$lLa rj.ke)~

lRdkje~ &

vH;kl%

1- opukulq kja fjDrLFkkukfu ijw ;r&

,dopue~ f}opue~ cgoq pue~
oukfu
;Fkk& oue~ ous -------------
------------- -------------
tys
fcEce~ ------------- o`{kku~
iouku~
;Fkk& o{` ke~ o{` kkS -------------
------------- -------------

------------- tukS

2- dk"s BoQs "kq inz Ùk'kCn"s kq mi;Dq rfoHkfDra ;kts f;Rok fjDrLFkkukfu ijw ;r&

;Fkk& vga jkfs Vdka [kknkfeA (jkfs Vdk)
(d) Roa ---------------------- ficflA (ty)
([k) Nk=k% ---------------------- i';frA (njw n'kuZ )

2022-23

(x) o{` kk% ----------------------ficfUrA (iou) o{` kk% 33
(?k) rk% ---------------------- fy[kfURkA (dFkk)
(Ä) vkoke~ ---------------------- xPNko%A (tUr'q kkyk) cgoq pue~
xtk%
3- v/kfs yf[kr"s kq okD;"s kq dri`Z nkfu fpurq & -----------------
(d) o{` kk% uHk% f'kjLlq ogfUrA
([k) fogxk% o{` k"s kq oQw tfUrA
(x) i;kns i.Z ks o{` kk% Loifz rfcEca i';fUrA
(?k) Ñ"kd% vUukfu mRikn;frA
(Ä) ljkos js eRL;k% lfUrA

4- i'z ukukeÙq kjkkf.k ,dinus fy[kr&
(d) o{` kk% oQS % ikrkya Li'` kfUr\
([k) o{` kk% ¯d jp;fUr\
(x) fogxk% oQq =k vklhuk%A
(?k) dkrS oq Qs u o{` kk% ¯d i';fUr\

5- lefq pr%S in%S fjDrLFkkukfu ijw ;r&

foHkfDr% ,dopue~ f}opue~
iFz kek xt%
v'o% xtkS
-----------------

2022-23

34 #fpjk & çFkeks Hkkx%

f}rh;k l;w eZ ~ l;w kZS l;w kuZ ~
r`rh;k ----------------- ----------------- pUnkz u~
prFq khZ foMkysu foMkykH;ke~ foMkyS%
i×peh ----------------- e.Mdw kH;ke~ -----------------
"k"Bh lik;Z ----------------- liHZs ;%
lIreh ----------------- okujkH;ke~ -----------------
lEck/s ue~ ekns dkr~ ----------------- -----------------
----------------- ----------------- o{` kHs ;%
tuL; tu;k%s tukuke~
----------------- ----------------- 'kdq kuke~
f'k{kosQ ----------------- f'k{kosQ"kq
----------------- e;jw ;k%s -----------------
gs ckyd! gs ckydk!S gs ckydk%!
urdZ ! ----------------- -----------------

6- fHkUuiÑz froQa ina fpurq &
(d) xÄkõ ] yrk] ;euq k] uenZ kA
([k) m|kue]~ oQq leq e]~ iQye]~ fp=keA~
(x) y[s kuh] rfw ydk] pVdk] ikB'kkykA
(?k) vkeez ]~ dnyhiQye]~ ekns de]~ ukjÄõeA~

2022-23

leqnzrV% 35

"k"B% ikB%

leqnzrV%

,"k% lenq rz V%A v=k tuk% i;VZ uk; vkxPNfUrA oQs Pku rjÄ%S õ ØhMfUrA oQs Pku
p ukdS kfHk% tyfogkja oQq ofZ UrA r"s kq oQs pu dUnoq Qs u ØhMfUrA ckfydk%
ckydk% p ckydq kfHk% ckydq kxg` a jp;fUrA eè;s eè;s rjÄkõ % ckydq kxg` a
ioz kg;fUrA ,"kk ØhMk ipz yfr ,oA lenq rz Vk% u oQs oya i;VZ uLFkkukfuA v=k
eRL;thfou% vfi Lothfodka pky;fUrA

vLekoQa n's ks cgo% lenq rz Vk% lfUrA ,r"s kq eEq cb&Z xkos k&dkfs Pp&
dU;koqQekjh&fo'kk[kkiÙkue~&iqjhrVk% vrho izfl¼k% lfUrA xksokrV%
fonfs 'ki;VZ oQs H;% lefèkoQa jkps rAs fo'kk[kkiÙkue&~ rV% onS fs 'kdO;kikjk;
ifz l¼%A dkfs PprV% ukfjoQs yiQyHs ;% Kk;rAs eEq cbuZ xjL; tgq rw Vs loZs tuk%
LojS a fogjfUrA pUs ubuZ xjL; ejs hukrV% n's kL; lkxjrV"s kq nh?krZ e%A

2022-23

36 #fpjk & çFkeks Hkkx%

HkkjrL; frl"` kq fn'kklq lenq rz Vk% lfUrA vLekn~ ,o dkj.kkr~ Hkkjrn's k%
ikz ;}hi% bfr dF;rAs iow fZ n'kk;ka cXkis lkxj% nf{k.kfn'kk;ka fgUnegklkxj%
if'pefn'kk;ka p vjclkxj% vfLrA ,r"s kka =k;k.kke~ vfi lkxjk.kka lXe%
dU;koQq ekjhrVs HkofrA v=k ifw .keZ k;ka pUnkz ns ;% l;w kLZ ra p ;xq inos n"z Vaq
'kD;rAs

'kCnkFkk%Z

lenq rz V% & lenq z dk fdukjk sea beach
i;VZ uk; & ?kew us oQs fy;s for excursion
rjÄ%S õ & ygjkas l@s oQs lkFk with waves
ukSdkfHk% & ukdS kvkas oQs }kjk by the boats
tyfogkje~ & tyØhMk water game
ckyqdkfHk% & ckyvq kas ls with sands
ckydq kxg` e~ & ckyw dk ?kj] ?kjknaS k sand-houselet
eè;&s eè;s & chp&chp eas at some interval
izokg;fUr & /ks nrs s g]Sa cgk nrs s gaS wash out
ipz yfr ,o & pyrh gh jgrh gS keeps going on
i;ZVuLFkkukfu & ?kew us dh txg touristspot
eRL;thfou% & eNvq kjs fishermen
Lothfodke~ & viuh thfodk dks means of one's livelihood
pky;fUr & pykrs gaS causing to move
vrho & cgrq vf/d excessive

2022-23

LojS e~ & c&s jkds Vkds @;FkPs N leqnzrV% 37

fogjfUr & ?kew rs g@aS Vgyrs gaS as one pleases
roam
nh?krZ e% & lcls yEck longest
peninsula
ikz ;}hi% & rhu rjiQ ty ls
confluence
f?kjk Hkw Hkkx at the same time
may be seen
lXe% & feyu

;xq inos (;xq ir$~ ,o) & ,d gh lkFk

n"z Vaq 'kD;rs & n[s kk tk ldrk gS

1- mPpkj.ka oQq #r& vH;kl% fonfs 'ki;VZ oQs H;%
onS fs 'kdO;kikjk;
rjÄS%õ eRL;thfou% pUnkz ns ;%
lÄeõ % frl"` kq
ikz ;}hi% cÄkõ is lkxj%

2- v/kfs yf[krkuka i'z ukuke~ mÙkja fy[kr&
(d) tuk% dkfHk% tyfogkja oQq ofZ Ur\
([k) HkkjrL; nh?krZ e% lenq rz V% d%\
(x) tuk% oQq =k LojS a fogjfUr\
(?k) ckydk% ckydq kfHk% ¯d jp;fUr\
(Ä) dkfs PprV% oQs H;% Kk;r\s

2022-23