รายงานวิจัยการพัฒนาเด็กไทยด้านเทคโนโลยีหุ่นยนต์

°“√«—¥·≈–ª√–‡¡‘πº≈

1. ‡§√◊ÕË ß¡◊Õ„π°“√«—¥·≈–ª√–‡¡‘πº≈
1.1  —߇°µ®“°°“√√«à ¡°‘®°√√¡
1.2 ª√–‡¡π‘ ®“°º≈ß“π¢Õßπ°— ‡√’¬π

2. ‡°≥±å°“√ª√–‡¡‘π

√“¬°“√ª√–‡¡‘π ¥’ (3) æÕ„™â (2) µâÕߪ√—∫ª√ÿß (1)

1. °“√√«à ¡¡◊Õ„π°“√∑”°®‘ °√√¡ „À§â «“¡√à«¡¡Õ◊ „À§â «“¡√«à ¡¡Õ◊ ‰¡§à Õà ¬„À§â «“¡

„π°“√∑”°‘®°√√¡ „π°“√∑”°®‘ °√√¡∫“â ß √«à ¡¡◊Õ„π°“√∑”

µ≈Õ¥‡«≈“ °‘®°√√¡

2. §«“¡ ”‡√Á®¢Õßß“π („∫ß“π ™‘πÈ ß“π) ∑”ß“π‰¥â‡ √Á® ∑”ß“π‡ √®Á ·≈– ∑”ß“π‡ √®Á ·µà‰¡à

∂°Ÿ µÕâ ß·≈–∑π— ‡«≈“ ∂°Ÿ µâÕß  “¡“√∂∑”ß“π‰¥â

·À≈ßà ¢âÕ¡≈Ÿ ‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ¡‘

1. ‡Õ° “√Õ∫√¡°“√„™â™ÿ¥°≈àÕß ¡Õß°≈ ‚§√ß°“√æ—≤π“™ÿ¥°“√‡√’¬π°“√ Õπ
‚¥¬„™â°‘®°√√¡‡ªìπÀ≈—° ç°‘®°√√¡°“√∑”‚§√ßß“π§Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√åé  “¢“§Õ¡æ‘«‡µÕ√å  ∂“∫—π
 ßà ‡ √¡‘ °“√ Õπ«∑‘ ¬“»“ µ√·å ≈–‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’

2. http://www.arduino.cc
3. http://www.bmaeducation.in.th
4. http://oho.ipst.ac.th /ipst-microbox

√“¬ß“π°“√«®‘ ¬— °“√æ≤— 𓇥Á°‰∑¬¥â“π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’Àÿàπ¬πµå 195

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„∫§«“¡√Ÿ∑â Ë’ 5.1
°“√æ—≤𓂧√ßß“πÀÿπà ¬πµÕå —µ‚π¡µ— ‘

§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õß‚§√ßß“π

‚§√ßß“π‡ªìπ°‘®°√√¡∑’ˇªî¥‚Õ°“ „Àâπ—°‡√’¬π‰¥â»÷°…“§âπ§«â“‡°’ˬ«°—∫ ‘Ëß„¥ Ë‘ßÀπ÷ËßÀ√◊Õ
À≈“¬Ê Ë‘ß·≈–Ωñ°ªØ‘∫—µ‘¥â«¬µπ‡Õßµ“¡§«“¡ “¡“√∂ §«“¡∂π—¥·≈–§«“¡ π„® ‚¥¬Õ“»—¬
°√–∫«π°“√∑“ß«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å À√Õ◊ °√–∫«π°“√Õ◊ËπÊ‚¥¬¡§’ √Ÿ§Õ¬°√–µâπÿ ·π–π”·≈–„À§â ”ª√÷°…“
·°πà °— ‡√¬’ π„π°“√‡≈Õ◊ °À«— ¢Õâ ∑®’Ë –»°÷ …“ §πâ §«“â ¥”‡ππ‘ ß“πµ“¡·ºπ°”Àπ¥¢πÈ— µÕπ°“√¥”‡ππ‘ ß“π
·≈–°“√𔇠πÕ´÷ËßÕ“®∑”‡ªπì ∫§ÿ §≈À√Õ◊ ‡ªìπ°≈ÿà¡

«µ— ∂ªÿ √– ß§°å “√∑”‚§√ßß“π

1. ‡æËÕ◊ „Àπâ —°‡√¬’ π‰¥â»÷°…“¢Õâ ¡≈Ÿ ®“°·À≈ßà §«“¡√Ÿµâ “à ß Ê ¥«â ¬µπ‡Õß
2. ‡æÕ◊Ë „Àâπ°— ‡√’¬π‰¥â· ¥ßÕÕ°´Ëß÷ §«“¡§¥‘ √‘‡√‘Ë¡ √“â ß √√§å
3. ‡æË◊Õ„Àâπ—°‡√’¬π‡°‘¥§ÿ≥≈—°…≥–∑’Ëæ÷ߪ√– ß§å ‡™àπ √⟮—°∑”ß“π√à«¡°—∫∫ÿ§§≈Õ◊Ëπ
¡’§«“¡‡™ÕË◊ ¡Ë—π„πµπ‡Õß ¡’§«“¡√∫— º‘¥™Õ∫
4. ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àπâ °— ‡√’¬π„™§â «“¡√Ÿ·â ≈–ª√– ∫°“√≥å‡≈Õ◊ °∑”‚§√ßß“πµ“¡§«“¡ π„®

ª√–‡¿∑¢Õß‚§√ßß“π

1. ‚§√ßß“πª√–‡¿∑ ”√«®
‡ªìπ‚§√ßß“πª√–‡¿∑‡°Á∫√«∫√«¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡æË◊ÕÀ“ “‡Àµÿ¢Õߪí≠À“À√◊Õ ”√«®

§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑Ë’√«∫√«¡‰¥â∫“ßÕ¬à“ßÕ“®‡ªìπªí≠À“∑Ë’π”‰ª àŸ°“√∑¥≈ÕßÀ√◊Õ§âπæ∫ “‡Àµÿ
¢Õߪ≠í À“∑˵’ Õâ ßÀ“«‘∏’·°â‰¢ª√—∫ª√ßÿ √«à ¡°—π

2. ‚§√ßß“πª√–‡¿∑°“√∑¥≈Õß
‡ªìπ‚§√ßß“π∑Ë’µâÕßÕÕ°·∫∫∑¥≈Õ߇æË◊Õ°“√»÷°…“º≈°“√∑¥≈Õß«à“‡ªìπ‰ªµ“¡

∑’˵—Èß ¡¡µ‘∞“π‰«âÀ√◊Õ‰¡à‚§√ßß“πª√–‡¿∑πÈ’µâÕß √ÿª§«“¡√ŸâÀ√◊Õº≈°“√∑¥≈Õ߇ªìπÀ≈—°°“√À√◊Õ
·π«∑“ß°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘‰«â

196 196 √“¬ß“π°“√«®‘ —¬°“√æ≤— 𓇥Á°‰∑¬¥“â π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’Ààÿπ¬πµå

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3. ‚§√ßß“πª√–‡¿∑ ß‘Ë ª√–¥…‘ ∞å
‡ªπì ‚§√ßß“π∑ªË’ √–¬°ÿ µÀå ≈°— °“√∑“ß«∑‘ ¬“»“ µ√‡å ¢“â  °Ÿà √–∫«π°“√ªØ∫‘ µ— ‚‘ ¥¬Õ“»¬—

‡§√Ë◊Õß¡◊Õ «— ¥ÿ Õªÿ °√≥å ‡æÕ◊Ë ÕÕ°·∫∫·≈–ª√–¥‘…∞凪ìπ™Èπ‘ ß“π„À¡à Õ“®‡ªìπ¢Õß„™â‡§√ËÕ◊ ߪ√–¥∫—
®“°« — ¥ÿ‡À≈Õ◊ „™â À√Õ◊ π”«— ¥ÿ∑Õâ ß∂π‘Ë ∑Ë’¡¡’ “°¡“¬¡“„™â„À‡â °‘¥

4. ‚§√ßß“πª√–‡¿∑∑ƒ…Æ’
‡ªìπ‚§√ßß“π∑Ë’¡’≈—°…≥–‡ªìπ°“√À“§«“¡√⟄À¡à‚¥¬°“√√«∫√«¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈·≈–π”¡“

«‘‡§√“–À宓° ∂‘µ‘·≈â«Õ¿‘ª√“¬À√◊Õ‡ªìπ‚§√ßß“π∑’Ë»÷°…“§âπ§«â“¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑Ë’‡°‘¥®“°¢âÕ ß —¬
Õ“®‡ªπì °“√π”∫∑‡√¬’ π¡“¢¬“¬‡æÕ◊Ë »°÷ …“¢Õâ ¡≈Ÿ ‡æ¡Ë‘ ‡µ¡‘ „À≥§â «“¡√Ÿâ„π·ß¡à ¡ÿ ∑°Ë’ «“â ß·≈–≈°÷ °«“à ‡¥¡‘

¢Èπ— µÕπ°“√∑”‚§√ßß“π

1. °“√§¥‘ ·≈–°“√‡≈◊Õ°À—«‡√Õ◊Ë ß †
π—°‡√’¬π®–µâÕߧ‘¥ ·≈–‡≈◊Õ°À—«‡√◊ËÕߢÕß‚§√ßß“π¥â«¬µπ‡Õß«à“Õ¬“°®–»÷°…“

Õ–‰√∑”‰¡®÷ßÕ¬“°»÷°…“ À—«‡√◊ËÕߢÕß‚§√ßß“π¡—°®–‰¥â¡“®“°ªí≠À“§”∂“¡À√◊Õ§«“¡Õ¬“°√âŸ
Õ¬“°‡ÀÁπ‡°¬’Ë «°—∫‡√◊ÕË ßµà“ßÊ ¢Õßπ—°‡√’¬π‡ÕßÀ«— ‡√◊ËÕߢÕß‚§√ßß“π§«√‡©æ“–‡®“–®ß·≈–™¥— ‡®π
‡¡◊ËÕ„§√‰¥âÕà“π™Ë◊Õ‡√◊ËÕß·≈⫧«√‡¢â“„®·≈–√⟇√Ë◊Õß«à“‚§√ßß“ππÈ’∑”®“°Õ–‰√°“√°”Àπ¥À—«‡√◊ËÕß
¢Õß‚§√ßß“ππÈ—π¡’·À≈àß∑Ë’®–™à«¬°√–µÿâπ„À⇰‘¥§«“¡§‘¥·≈–§«“¡ π„®À≈“¬·À≈àߥ⫬°—𠇙àπ
®“°°“√Õ“à πÀπß—  ◊Õ ‡Õ° “√ ∫∑§«“¡ °“√‡¬Ë’¬¡™¡ ∂“π∑µË’ à“ß Ê °“√øíß∫√√¬“¬∑“ß«™‘ “°“√
°“√‡¢“â ™¡π∑‘ √√»°“√À√Õ◊ ß“πª√–°«¥‚§√ßß“π∑“ß«∑‘ ¬“»“ µ√°å “√ π∑π“°∫— ∫§ÿ §≈µ“à ß Ê À√Õ◊
®“°“√ ß— ‡°µª√“°Ø°“√≥µå “à ßÊ √Õ∫µ«— ‡ªìπµâπ πÕ°®“°πȧ’ «√§”πß÷ ∂ß÷ ª√–‡¥πÁ µàÕ‰ªπ’È
†† † † † † 1) §«“¡‡À¡“– ¡¢Õß√–¥∫— §«“¡√Ÿ§â «“¡ “¡“√∂¢Õßπ—°‡√’¬π
†† † † † 2) «— ¥ÿ Õªÿ °√≥å ∑Ë’„™â
†† † † 3) ß∫ª√–¡“≥
†† † † † 4) √–¬–‡«≈“
†† † † † 5) §«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿¬—
†† † † † † 6) ·À≈ßà »°÷ …“§âπ§«“â ¢Õâ ¡Ÿ≈

2. °“√«“ß·ºπ† † † †
°“√«“ß·ºπ°“√∑”‚§√ßß“π®–√«¡∂ß÷ °“√‡¢¬’ π‡§“â ‚§√ߢÕß‚§√ßß“π ´ß÷Ë µÕâ ß¡°’ “√

«“ß·ºπ‰«â≈à«ßÀπⓇæË◊Õ„Àâ°“√¥”‡π‘π°“√‡ªìπ‰ªÕ¬à“ß√—¥°ÿ¡·≈–√Õ∫§Õ∫ ‰¡à —∫ π·≈â«π”‡ πÕ

√“¬ß“π°“√«®‘ —¬°“√æ≤— 𓇥Á°‰∑¬¥“â π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’Àÿπà ¬πµå 197

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µàÕºŸâ ÕπÀ√◊Õ§√Ÿ∑’˪√÷°…“‡æ◊ËÕ¢Õ§«“¡‡ÀÁπ™Õ∫°àÕ𥔇π‘π°“√¢È—πµàÕ‰ª°“√‡¢’¬π‡§â“‚§√ߢÕß
‚§√ßß“π ‚¥¬∑Ë—«‰ª ‡¢’¬π‡æ◊ËÕ· ¥ß·π«§‘¥ ·ºπß“π·≈–¢È—πµÕπ°“√∑”‚§√ßß“π ´÷Ëߧ«√
ª√–°Õ∫¥«â ¬À—«¢âÕµÕà ‰ªπÈ’

À—«¢âÕ √“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥∑µË’ Õâ ß√–∫ÿ

1. ™ÕË◊ ‚§√ßß“π ∑”Õ–‰√ °∫— „§√ ‡æËÕ◊ Õ–‰√

2. ™Õ◊Ë º®âŸ ¥— ∑”‚§√ßß“π ºŸ√â —∫º‘¥™Õ∫‚§√ßß“π Õ“®‡ªπì √“¬∫ÿ§§≈ À√Õ◊ √“¬°≈ÿà¡°Á‰¥â

3. Õ“®“√¬∑å ’ªË √÷°…“‚§√ßß“π §√Ÿ-Õ“®“√¬åºâŸ∑”Àπâ“∑Ë’‡ªìπ∑˪’ √÷°…“ §«∫§ÿ¡°“√∑”‚§√ßß“π¢Õßπ°— ‡√’¬π

4. √–¬–‡«≈“¥”‡ππ‘ ß“π √–¬–‡«≈“°“√¥”‡ππ‘ ß“π‚§√ßß“π µÈ—ß·µà‡√‘¡Ë µâπ®π π‘È  ¥ÿ

5. ·π«§¥‘ ∑¡Ë’ “ ·≈–§«“¡ ”§≠—  ¿“æª®í ®ÿ∫π— ∑ˇ’ ªì𧫓¡µâÕß°“√·≈–§«“¡§“¥À«—ß∑Ë’®–‡°¥‘ º≈

6. «µ— ∂ªÿ √– ß§å  ßË‘ ∑Ë’µâÕß°“√„À‡â °‘¥¢÷Èπ‡¡◊ÕË  ‘Èπ ¥ÿ ‚§√ßß“π∑—ßÈ „π‡™ß‘ °√–∫«π°“√·≈–º≈º≈µ‘

7. À≈—°°“√·≈–∑ƒ…Æ’ À≈—°°“√·≈–∑ƒ…Æ∑’ ’Ëπ”¡“„™â„π°“√æ—≤𓂧√ßß“π

8. «∏‘ ¥’ ”‡ππ‘ ß“π °®‘ °√√¡À√Õ◊ ¢πÈ— µÕπ°“√¥”‡ππ‘ ß“π ‡§√ËÕ◊ ß¡◊Õ «— ¥ÿÕÿª°√≥å  ∂“π∑’Ë
·≈–ß∫ª√–¡“≥

9. ¢È—πµÕπ°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ «π— ‡«≈“ ·≈–°®‘ °√√¡¥”‡ππ‘ °“√µà“ß Ê µßÈ— ·µà‡√‘¡Ë µâπ®π πÈ‘  ÿ¥

10. º≈∑˧’ “¥«“à ®–‰¥â√—∫  ¿“æ¢Õߺ≈∑µË’ Õâ ß°“√„À‡â °¥‘ ∑ßÈ— ∑‡Ë’ ªπì º≈º≈µ‘ °√–∫«π°“√·≈–º≈°√–∑∫

11. ‡Õ° “√Õ“â ßÕß‘ ™Õ◊Ë ‡Õ° “√ ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑Ë’‰¥®â “°·À≈ßà µ“à ß Ê ∑πË’ ”¡“„™â„π°“√¥”‡ππ‘ ß“π

3. °“√¥”‡ππ‘ ß“π
‡¡◊ËÕ∑Ë’ª√÷°…“‚§√ßß“π„À⧫“¡‡ÀÁπ™Õ∫‡§â“‚§√ߢÕß‚§√ßß“π·≈⫵àÕ‰ª°Á‡ªìπ¢È—π

≈ß¡◊ժؑ∫—µ‘ß“πµ“¡¢È—πµÕπ∑’Ë√–∫ÿ‰«âπ—°‡√’¬πµâÕß欓¬“¡∑”µ“¡·ºπß“π∑’Ë«“߉«â‡µ√’¬¡«— ¥ÿ
Õÿª°√≥å·≈– ∂“π∑’Ë„Àâæ√âÕ¡ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π‚¥¬§”π÷ß∂÷ߧ«“¡ª√–À¬—¥·≈–ª≈Õ¥¿—¬„π°“√∑”ß“π
µ≈Õ¥®π°“√∫—π∑÷°¢âÕ¡≈Ÿ µà“ßÊ«“à ‰¥â∑”Õ–‰√‰ª∫“â ß ‰¥âº≈Õ¬à“߉√ ¡ª’ í≠À“·≈–¢Õâ §¥‘ ‡ÀÁπÕ¬“à ߉√
欓¬“¡∫—π∑°÷ „À‡â ªπì √–‡∫¬’ ∫·≈–§√∫∂â«π

4. °“√‡¢’¬π√“¬ß“π‚§√ßß“π
°“√‡¢’¬π√“¬ß“π‡°Ë’¬«°—∫‚§√ßß“π‡ªìπ«‘∏’ ◊ËÕ§«“¡À¡“¬«‘∏’Àπ÷Ëß∑’Ë®–„À⺟âÕ◊Ëπ‰¥â

‡¢â“„®∂÷ß·π«§‘¥ «‘∏’°“√¥”‡π‘πß“πº≈∑’ˉ¥â µ≈Õ¥®π¢âÕ √ÿª·≈–¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–µà“ß Ê ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«°—∫
‚§√ßß“ππ—Èπ°“√‡¢’¬π‚§√ßß“π§«√„™â¿“…“∑Ë’Õà“π·≈⫇¢â“„®ßà“¬ ™—¥‡®π·≈–§√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡ª√–‡¥Áπ
 ”§—≠ Ê ∑È—ßÀ¡¥¢Õß‚§√ßß“πÕߧåª√–°Õ∫¢Õß°“√‡¢’¬π√“¬ß“π‚§√ßß“π ·∫àß°«â“ß Ê
‡ªìπ 3  à«π ¥ß— π’È

198 √“¬ß“π°“√«®‘ ¬— °“√æ≤— 𓇥°Á ‰∑¬¥â“π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’Àπÿà ¬πµå

aw 184-215 198 14/1/13, 11:40 PM

†† † †  à«πª°·≈– à«πµπâ ª√–°Õ∫¥«â ¬
†† † † 1) ™◊ÕË ‚§√ßß“π
†† † † † 2) ™ËÕ◊ º∑Ÿâ ”‚§√ßß“π™π—È ‚√߇√’¬π ·≈–«π— ‡¥Õ◊ πªï∑®’Ë ¥— ∑”
†† † † † 3) ™◊ÕË Õ“®“√¬å∑ªË’ √÷°…“
†† † † † † 4) §”π”

5)  “√∫≠—
†† 6)  “√∫≠— µ“√“ß À√Õ◊ ¿“æª√–°Õ∫ (∂“â ¡’)
† 7) ∫∑§—¥¬Õà  πÈ— Ê ∑’∫Ë Õ°‡§“â ‚§√ßÕ¬“à ߬Õà Ê ´ß÷Ë ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ ‡√Ë◊Õß «—µ∂ÿª√– ß§å
«‘∏°’ “√»÷°…“ √–¬–‡«≈“·≈– √ÿªº≈
†† 8) °‘µµ‘°√√¡ª√–°“» ‡æË◊Õ· ¥ß§«“¡¢Õ∫§ÿ≥∫ÿ§§≈À√◊ÕÀπ૬ߓπ∑’Ë„À⧫“¡
™à«¬‡À≈Õ◊ À√◊Õ¡ ’ «à π‡°’¬Ë «¢âÕß

 «à π‡πÕÈ◊ ‡√Õ◊Ë ßª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬
†† † † † 1) ∫∑π” ∫Õ°§«“¡‡ªìπ¡“§«“¡ ”§—≠¢Õß‚§√ßß“π ∫Õ°‡Àµÿº≈ À√◊Õ‡Àµÿ®Ÿß„®
„π°“√‡≈Õ◊ °À—«¢âÕ‚§√ßß“π
†† † † † † 2) «—µ∂ÿª√– ß§¢å Õß‚§√ßß“π
†† † † 3)  ¡¡µ‘∞“π¢Õß°“√»°÷ …“§âπ§«â“
†† † † 4) °“√¥”‡π‘πß“π Õ“®‡¢’¬π‡ªìπµ“√“ß·ºπº—ß‚§√ßß“π‡æË◊Õ„Àâ°“√¥”‡π‘πß“π
‡ªπì ‰ªµ“¡À«— ¢Õâ ‡√Õ◊Ë ßµ√ßµ“¡«µ— ∂ªÿ √– ß§¢å Õß‚§√ßß“π·≈–æ ‘ ®Ÿ π å ¡¡µ∞‘ “πµ“¡ª√–‡¥πÁ ∑°Ë’ ”Àπ¥

5) À≈°— °“√∑”ß“π¢Õß™π‘È ß“π
6) ‚ª√·°√¡∑’Ë„™â„π°“√§«∫§ÿ¡ (§«√™È’·®ß¥â«¬«à“„π·µà≈–∫√√∑—¥À√◊Õ·µà≈–™à«ß
¢Õß‚ª√·°√¡ ßË— „Àâ∑”Õ–‰√)
†† † † † 7)  √ªÿ º≈°“√»°÷ …“‡ªπì °“√Õ∏∫‘ “¬§”µÕ∫∑’ˉ¥®â “°°“√»°÷ …“§πâ §«“â µ“¡À«— ¢Õâ ¬Õà ¬
∑µË’ âÕß°“√∑√“∫«“à ‡ªπì ‰ªµ“¡ ¡¡µ∞‘ “πÀ√◊Õ‰¡à
†† 8) Õ¿‘ª√“¬º≈ ∫Õ°ª√–‚¬™πåÀ√◊Õ§ÿ≥§à“¢Õߺ≈ß“π∑’ˉ¥â ·≈–∫Õ°¢âÕ®”°—¥
À√◊Õªí≠À“ Õÿª √√§ (∂â“¡’) æ√âÕ¡∑—Èß∫Õ°¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–„π°“√»÷°…“§âπ§«â“ ‚§√ßß“π≈—°…≥–
„°≈⇧¬’ ß°—π†† † † † †

√“¬ß“π°“√«‘®—¬°“√æ≤— 𓇥°Á ‰∑¬¥“â π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’Àÿπà ¬πµå 199

aw 184-215 199 14/1/13, 11:40 PM

 «à π∑“â ¬ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬
†† † † † 1) ∫√√≥“πÿ°√¡ À√Õ◊ ‡Õ° “√Õ“â ßÕ‘ß
†† 2) ¿“§ºπ«° ‡™àπ √ªŸ ™πÈ‘ ß“π ·ºπº—ß°“√‡™◊ËÕ¡µàÕ sensor ·≈–Õÿª°√≥µå à“ß Ê

5. °“√𔇠πÕº≈ß“π
°“√π”‡πÕ°“√· ¥ßº≈ß“π‡ªπì ¢π—È µÕπ∑ ’Ë ”§≠— Õ°’ ¢π—È µÕπÀπßË÷ ¢Õß°“√∑”‚§√ßß“π

‡æË◊Õ· ¥ßÕÕ°∂÷ߺ≈‘µº≈§«“¡§‘¥ §«“¡æ¬“¬“¡„π°“√∑”ß“π∑’˺âŸ∑”‚§√ßß“π‰¥â∑ÿࡇ∑ ·≈–
‡ªπì «∏‘ ∑’ ”„Àºâ Õ⟠πË◊ ‰¥√â ∫— √·âŸ ≈–‡¢“â „®∂ß÷ º≈ß“πππÈ— °“√‡ πÕº≈ß“πÕ“®∑”‰¥â„πÀ≈“¬√ªŸ ·∫∫µ“à ß Ê °π—
‡™àπ °“√· ¥ßº≈ß“π‚¥¬‰¡à¡’°“√Õ∏‘∫“¬ª√–°Õ∫ °“√√“¬ß“π¥â«¬§”查„π∑’˪√–™ÿ¡ °“√®—¥
π‘∑√√»°“√‚¥¬‚ª ‡µÕ√å·≈–Õ∏‘∫“¬¥â«¬§”查 ‡ªìπµâπ ‚¥¬º≈ß“π∑’Ëπ”¡“‡ πÕÀ√◊Õ®—¥· ¥ß
§«√ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬

1) ™ËÕ◊ ‚§√ßß“π
2) ™ËÕ◊ º®Ÿâ —¥∑”‚§√ßß“π
3) ™ÕË◊ Õ“®“√¬∑å ˪’ √°÷ …“
4) §”Õ∏‘∫“¬∂ß÷ ∑’¡Ë “·≈–§«“¡ ”§—≠¢Õß‚§√ßß“π
5) «‘∏’°“√¥”‡ππ‘ °“√∑ Ë’ ”§—≠
6) °“√ “∏‘µº≈ß“π
7) º≈°“√ ß— ‡°µ·≈–¢âÕ √ªÿ  ”§—≠∑’ˉ¥â®“°°“√∑”‚§√ßß“π

200 200 √“¬ß“π°“√«‘®¬— °“√æ≤— 𓇥°Á ‰∑¬¥“â π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬À’ πÿà ¬πµå

aw 184-215 14/1/13, 11:40 PM

„∫ß“π∑’Ë 5.1
‡√Ë◊Õß «“ß·ºπæ—≤𓂧√ßß“πÀÿàπ¬πµÕå µ— ‚π¡—µ‘

§”™·’È ®ß „Àπâ °— ‡√¬’ π·µ≈à –°≈¡àÿ »°÷ …“„∫§«“¡√∑⟠’Ë 5.1 ·≈–√«à ¡°π— «“ß·ºπæ≤— 𓂧√ßß“πÀπàÿ ¬πµå
Õ—µ‚π¡—µµ‘ “¡À«— ¢Õâ µÕà ‰ªπ’È

1. ™◊ÕË ‚§√ßß“π : ...............................................................................................................
2. ºæ⟠≤— 𓂧√ßß“π :

2.1 .............................................................................................................................
2.2 .............................................................................................................................
2.3 .............................................................................................................................
2.4 .............................................................................................................................
2.5 .............................................................................................................................
3. ·π«§¥‘ : ......................................................................................................................
4. °”À𥇪“Ñ À¡“¬·≈«â ‡ √Á® : «π— ∑Ë’.........‡¥◊Õπ........................ æ.»...................
5. °”À𥫵— ∂ªÿ √– ß§å : (π”·π«§¥‘ „π¢âÕ 3 ¡“∑∫∑«π·≈–°”À𥇪πì «—µ∂ªÿ √– ß§å
∑™Ë’ ¥— ‡®π·≈– “¡“√∂ªØ∫‘ µ— ‰‘ ¥)â .............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
6. À≈—°°“√·≈–∑ƒ…Æ∑’ Ë’π”¡“„™â„π°“√æ≤— 𓂧√ßß“π : ..............................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................

√“¬ß“π°“√«‘®—¬°“√æ≤— 𓇥°Á ‰∑¬¥“â π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬À’ àÿπ¬πµå 201

aw 184-215 201 14/1/13, 11:40 PM

7. «∏‘ ’¥”‡π‘π°“√ : (·∫àßß“π∑®’Ë –µÕâ ß∑”‡ªπì ¢È—πµÕπ¬àÕ¬ Ê °”Àπ¥°“√∑”ß“π∑µË’ âÕß
∑”„π·µ≈à –¢È—πµÕπ„Àâ™—¥‡®π ·≈– “¡“√∂ªØ∫‘ —µ‰‘ ¥)â

∑’Ë ‡ªÑ“À¡“¬ ß“π∑µ’Ë Õâ ß∑” ‡«≈“∑’≈Ë ß¡◊Õ∑”/∑Ë’„™â º¥Ÿâ ”‡π‘π°“√

¢È—πµÕπ„À™â —¥‡®π ·≈– “¡“√∂ªØ∫‘ µ— ‘‰¥â

8. ·À≈àߧâπ§«â“¢Õâ ¡Ÿ≈
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................

9. ¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–®“°ºŸâ Õπ
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................

202 √“¬ß“π°“√«®‘ —¬°“√æ≤— 𓇥Á°‰∑¬¥“â π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬À’ πÿà ¬πµå

aw 184-215 202 14/1/13, 11:41 PM

„∫ß“π∑’Ë 5.2
‡√ÕË◊ ß  √ÿªº≈°“√æ—≤𓂧√ßß“πÀπÿà ¬πµåÕµ— ‚π¡—µ‘

§”™·’È ®ß „Àπâ °— ‡√¬’ π·µ≈à –°≈¡ÿà ¥”‡ππ‘ ®¥— ∑”‚§√ßß“πµ“¡·ºπ∑«Ë’ “߉«â „À‡â  √®Á ¿“¬„π‡«≈“∑°’Ë ”Àπ¥
·≈â« √ªÿ º≈°“√¥”‡ππ‘ °“√µ“¡À—«¢Õâ ∑’°Ë ”Àπ¥

1. ™ÕË◊ ‚§√ßß“π : ...............................................................................................................
2. ºâŸæ≤— 𓂧√ßß“π :

2.1 .............................................................................................................................
2.2 .............................................................................................................................
2.3 .............................................................................................................................
2.4 .............................................................................................................................
2.5 .............................................................................................................................
3. ·π«§‘¥ : ......................................................................................................................
4. °”Àπ¥‡ªÑ“À¡“¬·≈⫇ √®Á : «—π∑’Ë.........‡¥◊Õπ........................æ.». ..................
5. «—µ∂ªÿ √– ß§å
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
6. À≈°— °“√·≈–∑ƒ…Æ∑’ π’Ë ”¡“„™â„π°“√æ≤— 𓂧√ßß“π : ..............................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................

√“¬ß“π°“√«®‘ —¬°“√æ—≤𓇥°Á ‰∑¬¥“â π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬À’ πÿà ¬πµå 203

aw 184-215 203 14/1/13, 11:41 PM

7.  ◊ËÕ·≈–Õªÿ °√≥å
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................

8. «∏‘ ¥’ ”‡ππ‘ °“√
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................

9. À≈—°°“√∑”ß“π¢Õߙȑπß“π
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................

10. ‚ª√·°√¡∑’Ë„™â„π°“√§«∫§¡ÿ
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................

11. ª≠í À“Õªÿ  √√§·≈–¢Õâ ‡ πÕ·π–
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................

204 √“¬ß“π°“√«‘®—¬°“√æ—≤𓇥°Á ‰∑¬¥â“π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬À’ πàÿ ¬πµå

aw 184-215 204 14/1/13, 11:41 PM

„∫ß“π∑’Ë 5.3
‡√◊ËÕß ·∫∫ª√–‡¡π‘ ‚§√ßß“π

 ”À√—∫º™Ÿâ ¡ÿ °“√𔇠πÕÀ√◊Õ “∏‘µ‚§√ßß“πÀÿàπ¬πµåÕ—µ‚π¡µ— ‘ 1
§”™·È’ ®ß ®ß∑”‡§√ËÕ◊ ßÀ¡“¬ ✓≈ß„π™àÕß∑˵’ √ß°—∫§«“¡√ âŸ °÷ ¢Õß∑à“π¡“°∑Ë’ ÿ¥

( 5 ¡“°∑ Ë’ ÿ¥, 4 ¡“°, 3 ª“π°≈“ß, 2 πâÕ¬, 1 πâÕ¬∑Ë’ ¥ÿ )

º≈°“√ª√–‡¡‘π
∑’Ë À«— ¢Õâ ª√–‡¡‘π

5432

1 ™π‘È ß“ππ’È∑”ß“π∫√√≈®ÿ ¥ÿ ª√– ß§å‡æ¬’ ß„¥
2 ™‘Èπß“ππ¡’È ’§«“¡§¥‘  √“â ß √√§å‡æ’¬ß„¥
3 ™È‘πß“ππÈ’¡’ª√–‚¬™πå‡æ’¬ß„¥
4 °“√𔇠πÕ¢Õߺπ⟠”‡ πÕπ“à  π„®‡æ’¬ß„¥
5 §«“¡™—¥‡®π¢Õß°“√𔇠πÕ
6 §«“¡√«à ¡¡◊Õ¢Õß∑’¡ß“π
7 §«“¡™¥— ‡®π„π°“√µÕ∫¢Õâ ´—°∂“¡
8 ·π«§«“¡§¥‘ π’ È “¡“√∂ª√–¬°ÿ µå„™ßâ “π®√ß‘ ‰¥¥â ‡’ 撬߄¥
9 „π¿“æ√«¡∑à“π¡§’ «“¡æ÷ßæÕ„®„πº≈ß“ππÈ’‡æ’¬ß„¥

√«¡
√«¡∑ß—È  Èπ‘

¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–

...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................
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√“¬ß“π°“√«‘®¬— °“√æ—≤𓇥°Á ‰∑¬¥“â π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’Àÿπà ¬πµå 205

aw 184-215 205 14/1/13, 11:41 PM

·À≈àßÕ“â ßÕß‘ :

1. http://www.thaigoodview.com/library/contest2551/tech04/22/standard/
p03.html (9 情¿“§¡ 2555)

2. http://www.thaigoodview.com/library/contest2551/tech04/22/standard/
p01.html (9 情¿“§¡ 2555)

3. http://www.banprak-nfe.com/webboard/index.php?topic=24.0
(9 情¿“§¡ 2555)

4. ‡Õ° “√ª√–°Õ∫ ”À√∫— °“√Õ∫√¡§√ŸÀÕâ ߇√¬’ π摇»…«™‘ “«∑‘ ¬“»“ µ√å µ“¡·π«∑“ß
¢Õß   «∑.

206 206 √“¬ß“π°“√«®‘ —¬°“√æ≤— 𓇥Á°‰∑¬¥“â π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’Àÿàπ¬πµå

aw 184-215 14/1/13, 11:41 PM

¿“§ºπ«°

√“¬ß“π°“√«®‘ —¬°“√æ≤— 𓇥Á°‰∑¬¥“â π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’Àÿàπ¬πµå 207

aw 184-215 207 14/1/13, 11:41 PM

208 208 √“¬ß“π°“√«®‘ ¬— °“√æ≤— 𓇥Á°‰∑¬¥â“π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬À’ πÿà ¬πµå

aw 184-215 14/1/13, 11:41 PM

°≈¡ÿà ‡ªÑ“À¡“¬„π°“√»°÷ …“«®‘ ¬—

®”π«π 2 °≈¡àÿ §Õ◊
1. °≈ÿࡇªÑ“À¡“¬ ™ÿ¥∑Ë’ 1 „π°“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬§«“¡µâÕß°“√„™â (Need Assessment)
™¥ÿ  Õ◊Ë  ¡Õß°≈·≈–‡ªπì °≈¡àÿ ‡ª“Ñ À¡“¬„π°“√∑¥ Õ∫ª√– ∑‘ ∏¿‘ “æ¢Õß™¥ÿ  ÕË◊  ¡Õß°≈ª√–°Õ∫¥«â ¬
§√ŸºŸâ ÕπÀπàÿ ¬πµå„π‚√߇√¬’ π„π ß— °¥—  æ∞. ®”π«π 15 §π ®“° 15 ‚√߇√¬’ π ¥—ßπ’È

1) ‚√߇√¬’ πæ√À¡“π ÿ √≥åœ ‡æ™√∫ÿ√’
2) ‚√߇√¬’ πª√–‡∑¬’ ∫«∑‘ ¬“∑“π
3) ‚√߇√’¬π∫“ߪ≈“¡“â  ß—  ÿ¡“√º¥ßÿ «‘∑¬å
4) ‚√߇√¬’ π Õßæ∑‘ ¬“§¡
5) ‚√߇√¬’ πÕµÿ √¥‘µ∂¥å √ÿ≥’
6) ‚√߇√¬’ πÕπÿ∫“≈æ…‘ ≥‚ÿ ≈°
7) ‚√߇√’¬π‡∫≠®¡√“™√—ß ƒ…Æ‘Ï
8) ‚√߇√¬’ πÕπ∫ÿ “≈ ÿ√π‘ ∑√å
9) ‚√߇√’¬πÀπÕߠߟ  “¡§— §’«∑‘ ¬“
10) ‚√߇√’¬π°π— ∑√“√¡≥å
11) ‚√߇√’¬π°“≠®π¥…‘ ∞å
12) ‚√߇√’¬π¡À“«™‘√“«ÿ∏ ®ß— À«—¥ ß¢≈“ „πæ√–Õÿª∂¡— ¿åœ
13) ‚√߇√¬’ πªÉ“æ–¬Õ¡æ‘∑¬“§¡
14) ‚√߇√’¬π«‡‘ ™¬’ √¡“µÿ
15) ‚√߇√’¬πÀ“¥„À≠«à ∑‘ ¬“≈—¬ ¡∫√Ÿ ≥å°ÿ≈°π— ¬“
2. °≈àÿ¡‡ªÑ“À¡“¬ „π°“√∑¥≈Õß Õπµ“¡·π«∑“ß°“√®—¥°“√‡√’¬π√âŸÀàÿπ¬πµå»÷°…“ :
Àÿàπ¬πµå Õ—µ‚π¡—µ‘ √–¥—∫™Èπ— ¡—∏¬¡»°÷ …“ª∑ï Ë’ 4-5 ‰¥·â °à §√Ÿ π°— ‡√¬’ π ®”π«π 35 ‚√߇√¬’ π∑‡’Ë ªπì
»πŸ ¬Àå πàÿ ¬πµå√–¥∫— ®—ßÀ«¥— „π ß— °—¥  æ∞. ‚√߇√¬’ π≈– 2 §π ª√–°Õ∫¥«â ¬ §√Ÿ 1 §π π—°‡√’¬π 1 §π
∑’Ë°”≈—ß»°÷ …“„π¿“§‡√¬’ π∑Ë’ 1 ªï°“√»°÷ …“ 2554 √«¡ 70 §π ¥—ßπÈ’
1) ‚√߇√’¬π ß«πÀ≠‘ß
2) ‚√߇√’¬π “¡™°ÿ √—µπ‚¿§“√“¡

√“¬ß“π°“√«®‘ —¬°“√æ≤— 𓇥Á°‰∑¬¥â“π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’Àÿπà ¬πµå 209

aw 184-215 209 14/1/13, 11:41 PM

3) ‚√߇√¬’ π‡∑æ»√‘ ‘π∑√≈å “¥À≠“â °“≠®π∫ÿ√’
4) ‚√߇√¬’ π «π·µß«∑‘ ¬“
5) ‚√߇√¬’ π≈¡ÿ æ≈™’ πŸª∂—¡¿å
6) ‚√߇√¬’ π‡µ√’¬¡Õ¥ÿ ¡ ππ∑∫√ÿ ’
7) ‚√߇√¬’ π°“≠®π“¿‘‡…°«∑‘ ¬“≈—¬ ™¬— ¿¡Ÿ ‘
8) ‚√߇√’¬π√àÕߧ”°“à‘π∏åÿ
9) ‚√߇√’¬π·°àߧ√âÕ«‘∑¬“
10) ‚√߇√¬’ π™—¬¿Ÿ¡¿‘ —°¥™’ ¡ÿ æ≈
11) ‚√߇√’¬π°≈— ¬“≥«µ— √
12) ‚√߇√¬’ π∫â“πÀ⫬°ÿ¡à
13) ‚√߇√¬’ πÀπÕß∫—«
14) ‚√߇√¬’ π·°πà π§√«∑‘ ¬“≈—¬
15) ‚√߇√¬’ π¡À“«‘™“π°ÿ Ÿ≈
16) ‚√߇√’¬π·¡‡à ¡“–«‘∑¬“
17) ‚√߇√¬’ π “
18) ‚√߇√’¬π«—ß·°â«
19) ‚√߇√¬’ π·¡à∑–«∑‘ ¬“
20) ‚√߇√’¬πæ√À¡æ‘√“¡«∑‘ ¬“
21) ‚√߇√’¬π¥”√ߧå√“…Æ√åœ
22) ‚√߇√’¬πÕπÿ∫“≈æ‘…≥ÿ‚≈°
23) ‚√߇√’¬πÕµÿ √¥‘µ∂å¥√ÿ≥’
24) ‚√߇√’¬π≈”ª“ß°≈— ¬“≥’
25) ‚√߇√’¬πÀ“â ß©—µ√«‘∑¬“
26) ‚√߇√’¬π «π»√’«‘∑¬“
27) ‚√߇√¬’ π √ÿ “…Æ√åæ‘∑¬“ 2
28) ‚√߇√’¬π∑“â ¬‡À¡Õ◊ ß«∑‘ ¬“
29) ‚√߇√’¬π·À≈¡æ—π«“
30) ‚√߇√¬’ π§≥–√“…Æ√∫”√ÿß

210 √“¬ß“π°“√«‘®¬— °“√æ—≤𓇥°Á ‰∑¬¥â“π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬À’ πàÿ ¬πµå

aw 184-215 210 14/1/13, 11:41 PM

31) ‚√߇√’¬π§«π‡π’¬ß«‘∑¬“
32) ‚√߇√’¬πÀ“¥„À≠à√∞— ª√–™“ √√§å
33) ‚√߇√’¬π· ß∑Õß«‘∑¬“
34) ‚√߇√’¬π‡∑æ“
35) ‚√߇√’¬π‡∑»∫“≈ 5 («¥— À—«ªÑÕ¡πÕ°)

√“¬ß“π°“√«‘®¬— °“√æ≤— 𓇥Á°‰∑¬¥“â π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’Àÿπà ¬πµå 211

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212 212 √“¬ß“π°“√«®‘ ¬— °“√æ≤— 𓇥Á°‰∑¬¥â“π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬À’ πÿà ¬πµå

aw 184-215 14/1/13, 11:41 PM

§≥–º®âŸ ¥— ∑”

∑Ë’ª√÷°…“ ‡≈¢“∏‘°“√§≥–°√√¡°“√°“√»°÷ …“¢Èπ— æÈπ◊ ∞“π
‡≈¢“∏°‘ “√§≥–°√√¡°“√°“√Õ“™«’ »÷°…“
𓬙‘π¿—∑√ ¿Ÿ¡√‘ —µπ √Õ߇≈¢“∏‘°“√§≥–°√√¡°“√°“√»÷°…“¢È—πæπ◊È ∞“π
𓬙¬— 惰…å ‡ √’√°— …å ∑’˪√÷°…“¥“â πæ—≤π“√–∫∫‡§√◊Õ¢à“¬·≈–°“√¡ ’ «à π√«à ¡
π“߇∫≠®≈°— …≥å π”È øÑ“ ºâÕŸ ”𫬰“√ ”π°— æ—≤π“π«—µ°√√¡°“√®¥— °“√»÷°…“
π“ßÕ√∑¬— ¡Ÿ≈§”
π“ß殡“π æß…å‰æ∫Ÿ≈¬å

§≥–¬°√“à ߇հ “√

π“ß “««‘¿“æ√ π∏‘ ‘ª√™’ “ππ∑å π—°«™‘ “°“√»÷°…“™”π“≠°“√摇»…

 ”π—°æ—≤π“π«—µ°√√¡°“√®—¥°“√»÷°…“

√Õß»“ µ√“®“√¬ å ¡ÿ “≈’ Õÿ≥À«≥™‘ ¬å Õ“®“√¬¡å À“«∑‘ ¬“≈—¬

‡∑§‚π‚≈¬æ’ √–®Õ¡‡°≈“â æ√–π§√‡Àπ◊Õ

√Õß»“ µ√“®“√¬∏å √’ »≈‘ ªá ∑ÿ¡«¿‘ “µ Õ“®“√¬¡å À“«‘∑¬“≈¬—

‡∑§‚π‚≈¬æ’ √–®Õ¡‡°≈â“æ√–π§√‡ÀπÕ◊

√Õß»“ µ√“®“√¬å∏√’ «≤— πå ª√–°Õ∫º≈ Õ“®“√¬ å ∂“∫—π

‡∑§‚π‚≈¬æ’ √–®Õ¡‡°≈Ⓡ®â“§≥ÿ ∑À“√≈“¥°√–∫ß—

º™Ÿâ ૬»“ µ√“®“√¬‡å √ß‘ «ÿ≤‘ ™Ÿ‡¡Õ◊ ß Õ“®“√¬¡å À“«∑‘ ¬“≈—¬»√ª’ ∑¡ÿ

π“¬æ≈√æ’ ∑¡ÿ ¡“æ—π∏å §√Ÿ‚√߇√’¬π∫â“π‚ππ°ÿß ®ß— À«¥— Õ”π“®‡®√‘≠

𓬇©≈‘¡ øí°ÕàÕπ π°— «‘™“°“√Õ‘ √–

π“ßπß»πå ÿ™ Õÿ∑—¬»√’ »°÷ …“π‘‡∑»°å™”π“≠°“√摇»…

 ”π°— ß“π‡¢µæπÈ◊ ∑°Ë’ “√»°÷ …“ª√–∂¡»°÷ …“√–¬Õß ‡¢µ 2

π“¬Õ¿‡‘ …° Àß…å«∑‘ ¬“°√ Õ“®“√¬å¡À“«‘∑¬“≈¬— »‘≈ª“°√

π“¬æ√âÕ¡æß…å ·ªß‡§√◊Õ §√‚Ÿ √߇√¬’ π≈”ª“ß°—≈¬“≥’ ®—ßÀ«—¥≈”ª“ß

π“¬æπ∏å«»‘…Øå °≈“ßπ¿“ §√‚Ÿ √߇√’¬π°”·æ߇æ™√æ‘∑¬“§¡ ®—ßÀ«¥— °”·æ߇æ™√

𓬪√’™“ ‚ ¡–¿’√å §√Ÿ‚√߇√’¬π «π·µß«∑‘ ¬“ ®ß— À«¥—  ÿæ√√≥∫√ÿ ’

π“¬≈¢‘ µ‘ ¥ß ππ— µ“ §√‚Ÿ √߇√¬’ π»√‡’ ∑æª√–™“ √√§å ®—ßÀ«¥— ‡æ™√∫√Ÿ ≥å

√“¬ß“π°“√«‘®—¬°“√æ—≤𓇥°Á ‰∑¬¥â“π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬À’ ÿàπ¬πµå 213

aw 184-215 213 14/1/13, 11:41 PM

π“߇ “«π¬’ å ™à“߇À≈“ §√‚Ÿ √߇√¬’ πµ√“…µ√–°“√§ÿ≥ ®—ßÀ«¥— µ√“¥
π“¬¡“π– ª√–®ß®‘µ√ §√Ÿ‚√߇√¬’ π™—¬¿Ÿ¡¿‘ °— ¥’™¡ÿ æ≈ ®ß— À«—¥™¬— ¿Ÿ¡‘
𓬻µ¿‘…—™ ‰°√…’ §√‚Ÿ √߇√’¬π°π— ∑√“√¡≥å ®ß— À«¥— »√ ’ –‡°…
π“¬Õ≈ß°√≥å ∫µÿ √° ° §√Ÿ‚√߇√¬’ π°≈— ¬“≥«≤— πå ®—ßÀ«—¥¢Õπ·°πà
π“¬ÕßÕ“® æ√¡ª√–‰æ §√Ÿ‚√߇√¬’ πÕµÿ √¥‘µ∂¥å √ÿ≥’ ®ß— À«—¥Õÿµ√¥µ‘ ∂å
𓬠∂“æ√ ‡æßà 滑 §√Ÿ‚√߇√¬’ 𫑇™’¬√¡“µÿ ®—ßÀ«¥— µ√ß—

§≥–∑¥≈Õß„™‡â Õ° “√À≈—° Ÿµ√ §√Ÿ‚√߇√¬’ π≈”ª“ß°—≈¬“≥’ ®ß— À«—¥≈”ª“ß
§√Ÿ‚√߇√¬’ π µ√«’ ‘∑¬“ 2 °√ÿ߇∑æ¡À“π§√
π“¬æ√âÕ¡æß…å ·ªß‡§√Õ◊ §√Ÿ‚√߇√¬’ π√“™ ¡’ “«‘∑¬“≈—¬ ®—ßÀ«—¥π§√√“™ ¡’ “
𓬻°— ¥“ «âπÿ »√‘ ‘ §√‚Ÿ √߇√’¬π™¬— ¿Ÿ¡¿‘ —°¥™’ ÿ¡æ≈ ®—ßÀ«—¥™—¬¿¡Ÿ ‘
π“¬πæ‘ π∏å  ¡—§√§“â §√Ÿ‚√߇√’¬π°≈— ¬“≥«≤— πå ®ß— À«—¥¢Õπ·°àπ
π“¬¡“π– ª√–®ß®‘µ√ §√Ÿ‚√߇√¬’ 𫑇™¬’ √¡“µÿ ®—ßÀ«¥— µ√—ß
π“¬Õ≈ß°√≥å ∫ÿµ√° °
𓬠∂“æ√ ‡æà߇滑

§≥–ª√—∫ª√ÿ߇հ “√§√Èß— ∑Ë’ 1

π“ß “««¿‘ “æ√ π‘∏ª‘ √™’ “ππ∑å π°— «™‘ “°“√»°÷ …“™”π“≠°“√摇»…

 ”π—°æ—≤π“π«µ— °√√¡°“√®¥— °“√»°÷ …“

√Õß»“ µ√“®“√¬∏å ’√–»‘≈ªá ∑ÿ¡«‘¿“µ Õ“®“√¬¡å À“«∑‘ ¬“≈¬—

‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’æ√–®Õ¡‡°≈“â æ√–π§√‡Àπ◊Õ

º™Ÿâ «à ¬»“ µ√“®“√¬‡å √‘ß«ÿ≤‘ ™Ÿ‡¡Õ◊ ß Õ“®“√¬å¡À“«‘∑¬“≈¬— »√’ª∑ÿ¡

𓬇©≈‘¡ ø°í ÕÕà π π°— «‘™“°“√Õ ‘ √–

§≥–ª√—∫ª√ÿ߇հ “√§√Èß— ∑’Ë 2

π“ß “««¿‘ “æ√ π‘∏‘ª√™’ “ππ∑å π—°«‘™“°“√»÷°…“™”π“≠°“√摇»…

 ”π°— æ≤— π“π«—µ°√√¡°“√®—¥°“√»÷°…“

ºŸâ™à«¬»“ µ√“®“√¬‡å √‘ß«ÿ≤‘ ™‡Ÿ ¡◊Õß ¡À“«∑‘ ¬“≈¬— »√ª’ ∑¡ÿ

π“¬æπ∏«å »‘…Øå °≈“ßπ¿“ §√Ÿ‚√߇√’¬π°”·æ߇æ™√æ∑‘ ¬“§¡ ®ß— À«—¥°”·æ߇æ™√

214 √“¬ß“π°“√«‘®¬— °“√æ≤— 𓇥Á°‰∑¬¥â“π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬À’ ÿπà ¬πµå

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𓬪√’™“ ‚ ¡–¿√’ å §√‚Ÿ √߇√’¬π «π·µß«‘∑¬“ ®—ßÀ«—¥ æÿ √√≥∫√ÿ ’
π“ßÕ—≠™≈’  ∑ÿ ∏ ‘ «“à ß §√‚Ÿ √߇√¬’ πÀ“¥„À≠à ¡∫√Ÿ ≥°å Ÿ≈°—≈¬“ ®ß— À«¥—  ß¢≈“
π“¬¡“π– ª√–®ß®‘µ√ §√Ÿ‚√߇√’¬π™¬— ¿Ÿ¡‘¿—°¥™’ ÿ¡æ≈ ®—ßÀ«¥— ™¬— ¿¡Ÿ ‘
𓬻µ¿…‘ —™ ‰°√…’ §√‚Ÿ √߇√’¬π°—π∑√“√¡≥å ®ß— À«—¥»√’ –‡°…
π“¬ÕßÕ“® æ√¡ª√–‰æ §√Ÿ‚√߇√’¬πÕµÿ √¥µ‘ ∂¥å √≥ÿ ’ ®ß— À«¥— Õµÿ √¥µ‘ ∂å

§≥–ª√—∫ª√ßÿ ‡Õ° “√§√ßÈ— ∑’Ë 3

π“ß “««¿‘ “æ√ π‘∏ª‘ √™’ “ππ∑å π°— «‘™“°“√»°÷ …“™”π“≠°“√懑 »…

 ”π—°æ—≤π“π«µ— °√√¡°“√®¥— °“√»°÷ …“

ºâ™Ÿ «à ¬»“ µ√“®“√¬å‡√‘ß«≤ÿ ‘ ™‡Ÿ ¡◊Õß Õ“®“√¬¡å À“«‘∑¬“≈¬— »√’ª∑¡ÿ

π“¬æπ∏å«»‘…Øå °≈“ßπ¿“ §√Ÿ‚√߇√¬’ π°”·æ߇æ™√æ∑‘ ¬“§¡ ®ß— À«¥— °”·æ߇æ™√

π“¬¡“π– ª√–®ß®µ‘ √ §√‚Ÿ √߇√¬’ 𙬗 ¿Ÿ¡‘¿°— ¥™’ ÿ¡æ≈ ®—ßÀ«—¥™¬— ¿¡Ÿ ‘

𓬻µ¿‘…™— ‰°√…’ §√‚Ÿ √߇√¬’ π°π— ∑√“√¡≥å ®ß— À«—¥»√’ –‡°…

𓬮‘µ√°√ ªí≥∑√“™ §√‚Ÿ √߇√¬’ π “¡—§§’«∑‘ ¬“§¡ ®—ßÀ«—¥‡™¬’ ß√“¬

𓬫√≥∞— À¡∑’ Õß §√Ÿ‚√߇√’¬πÀπÕß∫«— ®—ßÀ«¥— π§√ «√√§å

π“¬∞“π‘µ¬å ‡π§¡“π√ÿ —°…å §√Ÿ ‚√߇√’¬π≈¡ÿ æ≈’™πŸª∂—¡¿å ®ß— À«—¥æ√–π§√»√Õ’ ¬ÿ∏¬“

𓬇©≈‘¡æ≈ ¡’¥«ß §√Ÿ ‚√߇√’¬π°√–∑Ÿâ«∑‘ ¬“ ®ß— À«¥— ¿Ÿ‡°µÁ

∫√√≥“∏‘°“√°‘® π°— «™‘ “°“√»°÷ …“™”π“≠°“√懑 »…
 ”π—°æ≤— π“π«—µ°√√¡°“√®—¥°“√»÷°…“
π“ß “««¿‘ “æ√ π‘∏ª‘ √’™“ππ∑å

®¥— ∑”√ªŸ ‡≈¡à π—°«‘™“°“√»÷°…“ªØ‘∫—µ‘°“√
 ”π°— æ≤— π“π«—µ°√√¡°“√®¥— °“√»°÷ …“
π“¬æ√™¬— ∂“«√π“π

√“¬ß“π°“√«®‘ —¬°“√æ—≤𓇥Á°‰∑¬¥“â π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’Àÿàπ¬πµå 215

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∫π— ∑°÷

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