Principles and Practice of Engineering PE Chemical Reference Handbook by National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES) (z-lib.org)

Chapter 9: Physical Properties

9.6.2 Dry Atmospheric Air Properties

Properties of Dry Atmospheric Air

Property U.S. Units* SI Units**
Molar mass
NBP temperature 28.965 lb lb 28.965 g
mole mol

–317.64 °F 78.903 K

Triple point temperature –352.12 °F 59.75 K

Critical temperature –221.12 °F 132.53 K

Critical pressure 549.11 psia 3.7860 MPa

Critical density 21.393 lbm 342.68 kg
Density of liquid at NBP ft 3 m3

54.637 lbm kg
ft 3 m3
875.21
7.3039 lbm
gal

Volume of liquid at NBP 0.13691 gal 0.0011426 m3
lbm kg

Density of ideal gas 0.07633 lbm 1.2250 kg
Volume of ideal gas ft 3 m3

13.101 ft 3 0.81631 m3
lbm kg

Speed of sound in air 1090 ft 330 m
p = 14.696 psia, T = 32°F sec s
p = 0.1 MPa, T = 0°C
1130 ft 343 m
Speed of sound in air sec s
p = 14.696 psia , T = 68°F
p = 0.1 MPa, T = 20°C

* U.S. unit values are given at 60°F and 14.696 psia, except where noted otherwise.
** SI unit values are given at 15°C and 0.101325 MPa, except where noted otherwise.

©2020 NCEES 575

Chapter 9: Physical Properties

9.6.3 Temperature-Dependent Properties of Air (U.S. Customary Units)
Temperature-Dependent Properties of Air at 14.7 psia (U.S. Units)

Temperature
Density

Heat Capacity
(cp)

Heat Capacity
Ratio

Viscosity
Thermal
Conductivity
Prandtl
Number
Thermal
Diffusivity

°F lbm Btu lbm Btu ft 2
ft 3 lbm-cF ft-sec hr - ft -cF hr
0.2400 0.530
–50 0.094 0.2400 1.40 9.98E–06 0.0120 0.719 0.642
0.2400 1.40 1.09E–05 0.0132 0.714 0.726
0 0.086 0.2400 1.40 1.15E–05 0.0140 0.710 0.917
0.2401 1.40 1.28E–05 0.0156 0.708 1.233
32 0.081 0.2424 1.40 1.44E–05 0.0179 0.701 1.599
0.2452 1.39 1.60E–05 0.0202 0.692 1.989
100 0.071 0.2476 1.39 1.74E–05 0.0225 0.685 2.415
0.2507 1.38 1.89E–05 0.0247 0.681 2.857
200 0.060 0.2533 1.38 2.01E–05 0.0268 0.678 3.323
0.2567 1.37 2.14E–05 0.0288 0.677 4.173
300 0.052 1.37 2.25E–05 0.0307 0.679

400 0.046

500 0.041

600 0.0374

700 0.034

800 0.0286

©2020 NCEES 576

Chapter 9: Physical Properties

9.6.4 Temperature-Dependent Properties of Air (SI Units)
Temperature-Dependent Properties of Air at 0.1 MPa (SI Units)

Temperature
Density

Heat Capacity
(cp)

Heat Capacity
Ratio

Viscosity
Thermal
Conductivity
Prandtl
Number
Thermal
Diffusivity

°C kg kJ nPa : s W m2
m3 kg : K m:K s
14.6
–50 1.534 1.005 1.40 17.2 0.0204 0.722 1.32E–05
18.2 0.0243 0.711 1.87E–05
0 1.293 1.005 1.40 19.1 0.0257 0.712 2.12E–05
20.2 0.0271 0.709 2.39E–05
20 1.205 1.005 1.40 20.9 0.0285 0.714 2.65E–05
21.8 0.0299 0.707 2.96E–05
40 1.127 1.005 1.40 22.7 0.0314 0.701 3.29E–05
23.5 0.0328 0.700 3.61E–05
60 1.067 1.009 1.40 24.3 0.0343 0.695 3.96E–05
25.2 0.0358 0.691 4.32E–05
80 1.000 1.009 1.40 25.8 0.0372 0.691 4.67E–05
27.8 0.0386 0.687 5.04E–05
100 0.946 1.009 1.40 29.5 0.0421 0.683 6.03E–05
31.2 0.0454 0.680 7.04E–05
120 0.898 1.013 1.40 32.8 0.0485 0.678 8.12E–05
0.0515 0.679 9.20E–05
140 0.854 1.013 1.40

160 0.815 1.017 1.39

180 0.779 1.022 1.39

200 0.746 1.026 1.39

250 0.675 1.034 1.38

300 0.616 1.047 1.38

350 0.566 1.055 1.37

400 0.524 1.068 1.37

©2020 NCEES 577

©2020 NCEES 9.6.5 Psychrometric Chart (U.S. Customary Units)

578 wet bulb, dry bulb, saturation temperature, relative humidity

∞∞

∞

∆
∆

Source: American Society of Heating, Refrigera

Chapter 9: Physical Properties

ating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, 1992.

©2020 NCEES 9.6.6 Psychrometric Chart (SI Units)

579 wet bulb, dry bulb, saturation temperature, relative humidity

∞∞
∞

∆
∆

Source: American Society of Heating, Refrigera

Chapter 9: Physical Properties

ating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, 1992.

Chapter 9: Physical Properties

9.7 Physical Properties of Water

9.7.1 U.S. Customary Units
Physical Properties of Liquid Water (U.S. Units)

Temperature
Vapor

Pressure
Density

Heat
Capacity
Viscosity
Thermal
Conductivity
Prandtl
Number
Surface
Tension

°F psia lbm Btu lbm Btu 13.47 dyne
ft 3 lbm-cF ft-sec hr-ft-cF 11.42 cm
32.02 0.08872 62.415 1.0086 1.204E–03 0.3244 9.45 75.65
40 0.12173 62.423 1.0055 1.038E–03 0.3293 7.95 75.02
50 0.17814 62.406 1.0028 8.776E–04 0.3353 6.79 74.22
60 0.2564 62.364 1.0010 7.533E–04 0.3413 5.88 73.40
70 0.36336 62.299 0.9999 6.552E–04 0.3471 5.14 72.57
80 0.50747 62.213 0.9993 5.761E–04 0.3527 4.54 71.71
90 0.69904 62.110 0.9990 5.114E–04 0.3579 4.04 70.84
100 0.95051 61.991 0.9989 4.577E–04 0.3628 3.63 69.96
110 1.2767 61.857 0.9991 4.127E–04 0.3672 3.28 69.05
120 1.695 61.710 0.9993 3.744E–04 0.3713 2.98 68.13
130 2.2259 61.549 0.9998 3.417E–04 0.3750 2.73 67.19
140 2.893 61.377 1.0003 3.134E–04 0.3783 2.51 66.24
150 3.7232 61.193 1.0009 2.888E–04 0.3813 2.32 65.27
160 4.7472 60.998 1.0016 2.673E–04 0.3839 2.16 64.28
170 5.9998 60.793 1.0025 2.484E–04 0.3862 2.01 63.28
180 7.5195 60.578 1.0035 2.316E–04 0.3881 1.88 62.26
190 9.3496 60.354 1.0046 2.168E–04 0.3898 1.77 61.23
200 11.538 60.120 1.0059 2.035E–04 0.3912 1.67 60.19
210 14.136 59.877 1.0073 1.916E–04 0.3924 1.58 59.13
220 17.201 59.626 1.0088 1.808E–04 0.3934 1.50 58.05
230 20.795 59.366 1.0106 1.712E–04 0.3941 1.43 56.96
240 24.986 59.097 1.0125 1.624E–04 0.3947 1.36 55.86
250 29.844 58.820 1.0147 1.544E–04 0.3951 1.30 54.74
260 35.447 58.535 1.0170 1.471E–04 0.3953 1.25 53.62
270 41.878 58.241 1.0196 1.405E–04 0.3953 1.20 52.47
280 49.222 57.940 1.0224 1.344E–04 0.3952 1.16 51.32
290 57.574 57.630 1.0254 1.288E–04 0.3949 1.09 50.16
300 67.029 57.312 1.0287 1.236E–04 0.3944 1.02 48.98
320 89.667 56.650 1.0362 1.144E–04 0.3931 46.59
340 118.02 55.955 1.0449 1.065E–04 0.3912 44.16

©2020 NCEES 580

Chapter 9: Physical Properties
Physical Properties of Liquid Water (U.S. Units) (cont'd)

Temperature
Vapor

Pressure
Density

Heat
Capacity
Viscosity
Thermal
Conductivity
Prandtl
Number
Surface
Tension

°F psia lbm Btu lbm Btu 0.97 dyne
ft 3 lbm-cF ft-sec hr-ft-cF 0.93 cm
360 153.03 55.225 1.0550 9.958E–05 0.3888 0.90 41.69
380 195.74 54.458 1.0666 9.354E–05 0.3857 0.87 39.19
400 247.26 53.652 1.0802 8.820E–05 0.3819 0.85 36.66
420 308.76 52.804 1.0959 8.343E–05 0.3776 0.84 34.10
440 381.48 51.912 1.1143 7.913E–05 0.3725 0.83 31.52
460 466.75 50.971 1.1358 7.523E–05 0.3666 0.83 28.92
480 565.95 49.976 1.1612 7.165E–05 0.3599 0.84 26.30
500 680.55 48.920 1.1916 6.833E–05 0.3522 0.85 23.69
520 812.10 47.795 1.2285 6.521E–05 0.3436 0.88 21.08
540 962.24 46.590 1.2740 6.225E–05 0.3340 0.92 18.47
560 1132.7 45.290 1.3317 5.940E–05 0.3233 0.98 15.89
580 1325.5 43.876 1.4072 5.661E–05 0.3118 1.06 13.35
600 1542.5 42.318 1.5100 5.382E–05 0.2995 1.20 10.846
620 1786.2 40.572 1.6588 5.097E–05 0.2867 1.45 8.415
640 2059.2 38.566 1.8958 4.796E–05 0.2735 2.13 6.078
660 2364.9 36.152 2.3480 4.463E–05 0.2600 7.48 3.876
680 2707.3 32.936 3.5861 4.054E–05 0.2461 12.04 1.877
700 3093.0 27.283 15.5790 3.399E–05 0.2547 31.11 0.2565
702 3134.5 26.085 28.2960 3.268E–05 0.2765 0.1375
704 3176.6 24.196 97.4060 3.180E–05 0.3584 0.0375
705.1 3200.1 20.102 3.333E–05

©2020 NCEES 581

9.7.2 SI Units Chapter 9: Physical Properties
Physical Properties of Liquid Water (SI Units)

Temperature
Vapor

Pressure
Density

Heat
Capacity
Viscosity
Thermal
Conductivity
Prandtl
Number
Surface
Tension

°C MPa kg kJ Pa : s W N : 10−3
m3 kg : K m:K m
0.01 0.000612 999.79 1.791E–03
5 0.000873 999.92 4.2199 1.518E–03 0.5610 13.47 75.65
10 0.001228 999.65 4.2055 1.306E–03 0.5705 11.19 74.94
15 0.001706 999.06 4.1955 1.138E–03 0.5800 9.45 74.22
20 0.002339 998.16 4.1888 1.002E–03 0.5893 8.09 73.49
25 0.00317 997.00 4.1844 8.901E–04 0.5984 8.09 72.74
30 0.004247 995.61 4.1816 7.974E–04 0.6072 6.13 71.97
35 0.005629 993.99 4.1801 7.193E–04 0.6155 5.42 71.19
40 0.007385 992.18 4.1795 6.530E–04 0.6233 4.82 70.40
45 0.009595 990.17 4.1796 5.961E–04 0.6306 4.33 69.60
50 0.012352 988.00 4.1804 5.468E–04 0.6373 3.91 68.78
55 0.015762 985.66 4.1815 5.040E–04 0.6436 3.55 67.94
60 0.019946 983.16 4.1831 4.664E–04 0.6492 3.25 67.10
65 0.025042 980.52 4.1851 4.332E–04 0.6544 2.98 66.24
70 0.031201 977.73 4.1875 4.039E–04 0.6590 2.75 65.37
75 0.038595 974.81 4.1902 3.777E–04 0.6631 2.55 64.48
80 0.047414 971.77 4.1933 3.543E–04 0.6668 2.38 63.58
85 0.057867 968.59 4.1969 3.333E–04 0.6700 2.22 62.67
90 0.070182 965.30 4.2008 3.144E–04 0.6728 2.08 61.75
95 0.084608 961.88 4.2053 2.973E–04 0.6753 1.96 60.82
100 0.10142 958.35 4.2102 2.817E–04 0.6773 1.85 59.87
110 0.14338 950.95 4.2157 2.547E–04 0.6791 1.75 58.91
120 0.19867 943.11 4.2283 2.321E–04 0.6817 1.58 56.96
130 0.27028 934.83 4.2435 2.129E–04 0.6832 1.44 54.97
140 0.36154 926.13 4.2615 1.965E–04 0.6837 1.33 52.93
150 0.47616 917.01 4.2826 1.825E–04 0.6833 1.23 50.86
160 0.61823 907.45 4.3071 1.702E–04 0.6820 1.15 48.74
170 0.79219 897.45 4.3354 1.596E–04 0.6800 1.09 46.59
180 1.0028 887.00 4.3678 1.501E–04 0.6771 1.03 44.41
190 1.2552 876.08 4.4050 1.418E–04 0.6733 0.98 42.19
4.4474 0.6688 0.94 39.95

©2020 NCEES 582

Chapter 9: Physical Properties
Physical Properties of Liquid Water (SI Units) (cont'd)

Temperature
Vapor

Pressure
Density

Heat
Capacity
Viscosity
Thermal
Conductivity
Prandtl
Number
Surface
Tension

°C MPa kg kJ Pa : s W N : 10−3
m3 kg : K m:K m
200 1.5549 864.66 1.343E–04
210 1.9077 852.72 4.4958 1.276E–04 0.6633 0.91 37.68
220 2.3196 840.22 4.5512 1.215E–04 0.6570 0.88 35.38
230 2.7971 827.12 4.6146 1.160E–04 0.6497 0.86 33.07
240 3.3469 813.37 4.6876 1.109E–04 0.6413 0.85 30.74
250 3.9762 798.89 4.7719 1.061E–04 0.6319 0.84 28.39
260 4.6923 783.63 4.8701 1.017E–04 0.6212 0.83 26.04
270 5.503 767.46 4.9856 9.750E–05 0.6092 0.83 23.69
280 6.4166 750.28 5.1230 9.351E–05 0.5959 0.84 21.34
290 7.4418 731.91 5.2889 8.966E–05 0.5812 0.85 18.99
300 8.5879 712.14 5.4931 8.590E–05 0.5650 0.87 16.66
310 9.8651 690.67 5.7504 8.217E–05 0.5474 0.90 14.36
320 11.284 667.09 6.0848 7.841E–05 0.5288 0.95 12.09
330 12.858 640.77 6.5373 7.454E–05 0.5092 1.01 9.864
340 14.601 610.67 7.1863 7.043E–05 0.4891 1.10 7.703
350 16.529 574.71 8.2080 6.588E–05 0.4685 1.23 5.626
360 18.666 527.59 10.1160 6.033E–05 0.4474 1.49 3.665
370 21.044 451.43 15.0040 5.207E–05 0.4257 2.13 1.877
371 21.297 438.64 45.1550 5.075E–05 0.4250 5.53 0.388
372 21.554 422.26 62.3510 4.908E–05 0.4384 7.22 0.269
373 21.814 398.68 102.1500 4.781E–05 0.4674 10.72 0.160
373.94 22.064 322.00 243.7800 4.854E–05 0.5479 21.27 0.065

©2020 NCEES 583

Chapter 9: Physical Properties

9.7.3 Properties of Water

Properties of Water

Property U.S. Units SI Units

Molar mass 18.01528 lb lb 18.01528 g
mole mol
Boiling temperature
Triple point temperature 212°F 373.15 K
Triple point pressure
Critical temperature 32°F 273.15 K
Critical pressure
0.0887 psia 611.657 Pa
Critical density
705.1°F 647.09 K
Maximum density of liquid
(4°C = 39°F) 3200.1 psia 22.06 MPa

Minimum volume of liquid 20.102 lbm 322.00 kg
(4°C = 39°F) ft 3 m3

Heat of vaporization 62.426 lbm kg
(100°C = 212°F) ft 3 m3
1000
Density of ice 8.3455 lbm
(0°C = 32°F) gal
Latent heat of fusion
(0°C = 32°F) 0.11983 gal 0.001 m3
Dielectric constant of liquid lbm kg
(0°C = 32°F)
Dielectric constant of liquid 970.17 Btu 2257 kJ
(100°C = 212°F) lbm kg
Refractive index of liquid
(20°C = 68°F)* 57.227 lbm 916.7 kg
ft 3 m3

143.38 Btu 333.55 kJ
lbm kg

87.90 87.90

55.53 55.53

1.3333 1.3333

*Refractive index at Sodium D line

Source: Harvey, Allan H., and Eric W. Lemmon, NIST/ASME Steam Properties, Version 3.0,
Gaithersburg: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2013.

©2020 NCEES 584

Chapter 9: Physical Properties

9.8 Steam Tables

Source for all tables in this section: GPSA Engineering Data Book, 13th ed., Vol. 2,
Tulsa, OK: GPSA, 2012, Figures 24-30 and 24-31 on pp. 24-35 through 24-38.

9.8.1 Properties of Saturated Steam (U.S. Customary Units)

Saturated Steam (U.S. Units)—Temperature Table

Temperature Pressure Specific Volume, v Specific Enthalpy, h Specific Entropy, s
ft3 Btu Btu
lbm lbm
lbm - cF

cF psia Liquid Vapor Liquid Vapor Liquid Vapor
32.018
35 0.08865 0.016022 3302.4 0.000 1075.5 0.0000 2.1872
40 0.09991 0.016020 2948.1 3.002 1076.8 0.0061 2.1767
45 0.12163 0.016019 2445.8 8.027 1079.0 0.0162 2.1594
50 0.14744 0.016020 2037.8 13.044 1081.2 0.0262 2.1426
55 0.17796 0.016023 1704.8 18.054 1083.4 0.0361 2.1262
60 0.21392 0.016027 1432.0 23.059 1085.6 0.0458 2.1102
65 0.25611 0.016033 1207.6 28.060 1087.7 0.0555 2.0946
70 0.30545 0.016041 1022.1 33.057 1089.9 0.0651 2.0794
75 0.36292 0.016050 868.4 38.052 1092.1 0.0745 2.0645
80 0.42964 0.016060 740.3 43.045 1094.3 0.0839 2.0500
85 0.50683 0.016072 633.3 48.037 1096.4 0.0932 2.0359
90 0.59583 0.016085 543.6 53.027 1098.6 0.1024 2.0221
95 0.69813 0.016099 468.1 58.018 1100.8 0.1115 2.0086
100 0.81534 0.016114 404.4 63.008 1102.9 0.1206 1.9954
110 0.94294 0.016130 350.4 67.999 1105.1 0.1295 1.9825
120 1.2750 0.016165 265.39 77.98 1109.3 0.1472 1.9577
130 1.6927 0.016204 203.26 87.97 1113.6 0.1646 1.9339
140 2.2230 0.016247 157.33 97.96 1117.8 0.1817 1.9112
150 2.8892 0.016293 122.98 123.00 1122.0 0.1985 1.8895
160 3.7184 0.016343 117.95 1126.1 0.2150 1.8686
170 4.7414 0.016395 97.07 127.96 1130.2 0.2313 1.8487
180 5.9926 0.016451 77.27 137.97 1134.2 0.2473 1.8295
190 7.5110 0.016510 62.08 148.00 1138.2 0.2631 1.8111
200 9.3400 0.016572 50.225 158.04 1142.1 0.2787 1.7934
210 11.5260 0.016637 40.957 168.09 1146.0 0.2940 1.7764
212 14.1230 0.016705 33.639 178.15 1149.7 0.3091 1.7600
220 14.6960 0.016719 27.816 180.17 1150.5 0.3121 1.7568
230 17.1860 0.016775 26.799 188.23 1153.4 0.3241 1.7442
240 20.7790 0.016849 23.148 198.33 1157.1 0.3388 1.7290
24.9680 0.016926 19.381 208.45 1160.6 0.3533 1.7142
16.321

©2020 NCEES 585

Chapter 9: Physical Properties

Saturated Steam (U.S. Units)—Temperature Table (cont'd)

Temperature Pressure Specific Volume, v Specific Enthalpy, h Specific Entropy, s
ft3 Btu Btu
lbm lbm
lbm - cF

cF psia Liquid Vapor Liquid Vapor Liquid Vapor
250
260 29.8250 0.017066 13.819 218.59 1164.0 0.3677 1.7000
270 35.4270 0.017089 11.762 228.76 1167.4 0.3819 1.6862
280 41.8560 0.017175 10.060 238.95 1170.6 0.3960 1.6729
290 49.2000 0.017264 8.644 249.17 1173.8 0.4098 1.6599
300 57.5500 0.01736 7.4603 259.4 1167.8 0.4236 1.6473
320 67.0050 0.01745 6.4658 269.7 1179.7 0.4372 1.6351
340 89.6430 0.01766 4.9138 290.4 1185.2 0.4640 1.6116
360 117.9920 0.01787 3.7878 311.3 1190.1 0.4902 1.5892
380 153.01 0.01811 2.9573 332.3 1194.4 0.5161 1.5678
400 195.73 0.01836 2.3353 353.6 1198.0 0.5416 1.5473
420 247.26 0.01864 1.8630 375.1 1201.0 0.5667 1.5274
440 308.78 0.01894 1.4997 396.9 1203.1 0.5915 1.5080
460 381.54 0.01926 1.2169 419.0 1204.4 0.6161 1.4890
480 466.87 0.01961 0.99424 441.5 1204.8 0.6405 1.4704
500 566.15 0.02000 0.81717 464.5 1204.1 0.6648 1.4518
520 680.86 0.02043 0.67492 487.9 1202.2 0.6890 1.4333
540 812.53 0.02091 0.55956 512.0 1199.0 0.7133 1.4146
560 962.79 0.02146 0.46513 536.8 1194.3 0.7378 1.3954
580 1133.38 0.02207 0.38714 562.4 1187.7 0.7625 1.3757
600 1326.17 0.02279 0.32216 589.1 1179.0 0.7876 1.3550
620 1543.2 0.02364 0.26747 617.1 1167.7 0.8134 1.3330
640 1786.9 0.02466 0.22081 646.9 1153.2 0.8403 1.3092
660 2059.9 0.02595 0.18021 679.1 1133.7 0.8686 1.2821
680 2065.7 0.02768 0.14431 714.9 1107.0 0.8995 1.2498
700 2708.6 0.03037 0.11117 758.5 1068.5 0.9365 1.2086
702 3094.3 0.03662 0.07519 825.2 991.7 0.9924 1.1359
704 3135.5 0.03824 0.06997 835.0 979.7 1.0006 1.1210
705.47 3177.2 0.04108 0.06300 854.2 956.2 1.0169 1.1046
3208.2 0.05078 0.05078 906.0 906.0 1.0612 1.0612

©2020 NCEES 586

Chapter 9: Physical Properties

Saturated Steam (U.S. Units)—Pressure Table

Pressure Temperature Specific Volume, v Specific Enthalpy, h Specific Entropy, s
ft3 Btu
lbm Btu
lbm lbm - cF
Liquid Vapor
psia cF Liquid Vapor Liquid Vapor
35.02 0.0061 2.1766
0.1 53.16 0.016020 2,945.5 3.03 1076.8 0.0422 2.1060
0.2 64.48 0.0641 2.0809
0.3 72.87 0.016025 1,526.3 21.22 1084.7 0.0799 2.0562
0.4 85.22 0.1028 2.0215
0.6 94.38 0.016040 1,039.7 32.54 1089.7 0.1195 1.9970
0.8 101.74 0.1326 1.9781
1 126.07 0.016056 792.1 40.92 1093.3 0.1750 1.9200
2 141.47 0.2009 1.8864
3 152.96 0.016085 540.1 53.25 1098.7 0.2199 1.8626
4 170.05 0.2474 1.8294
6 182.80 0.016112 411.69 62.39 1102.6 0.2676 1.8060
8 193.21 0.2836 1.7879
10 227.96 0.016136 333.60 69.73 1105.8 0.3358 1.7320
20 250.34 0.3682 1.6995
30 267.25 0.016230 173.76 94.03 1116.2 0.3921 1.6765
40 281.02 0.4112 1.6586
50 292.71 0.016300 118.73 109.42 1122.6 0.4273 1.6440
60 302.93 0.4411 1.6316
70 312.04 0.016358 90.64 120.92 1127.3 0.4534 1.6208
80 320.28 0.4643 1.6113
90 327.82 0.016451 61.98 138.03 1134.2 0.4743 1.6027
100 358.43 0.5141 1.5695
150 381.80 0.016527 47.35 150.87 1139.3 0.5438 1.5454
200 400.97 0.5679 1.5264
250 417.35 0.016592 38.42 161.26 1143.3 0.5882 1.5105
300 431.73 0.6059 1.4968
350 444.60 0.016834 20.087 196.27 1156.3 0.6217 1.4847
400 456.28 0.6360 1.4738
450 467.01 0.017009 13.744 218.9 1164.1 0.6490 1.4639
500 486.20 0.6723 1.4461
600 503.08 0.017151 10.4965 236.1 1169.8 0.6928 1.4304
700 518.21 0.7111 1.4163
800 531.95 0.017274 8.5140 250.2 1174.1 0.7279 1.4032
900 544.58 0.7434 1.3910
1000 567.19 0.017383 7.1736 262.2 1177.6 0.7714 1.3683
1200 587.07 0.7966 1.3474
1400 604.87 0.017482 6.2050 272.7 1180.6 0.8199 1.3274
1600 621.02 0.8417 1.3079
1800 0.017573 5.4711 282.1 1183.1

0.017659 4.8953 290.7 1185.3

0.01774 4.4310 298.5 1187.2

0.01809 3.0139 330.6 1194.1

0.01839 2.2873 355.5 1198.3

0.01865 1.84317 376.1 1201.1

0.01889 1.54274 394.0 1202.9

0.01912 1.32554 409.8 1204.0

0.01934 1.16095 424.2 1204.6

0.01954 1.03179 437.3 1204.8

0.01975 0.92762 449.5 1204.7

0.02013 0.76975 471.7 1203.7

0.02050 0.65556 491.6 1201.8

0.02087 0.56896 509.8 1199.4

0.02123 0.50091 526.7 1196.4

0.02159 0.44596 542.6 1192.9

0.02232 0.36245 571.9 1184.8

0.02307 0.30178 598.8 1175.8

0.02387 0.25545 624.2 1164.5

0.02472 0.21861 648.5 1152.3

©2020 NCEES 587

Chapter 9: Physical Properties

Saturated Steam (U.S. Units )—Pressure Table (cont'd)

Pressure Temperature Specific Volume, v Specific Enthalpy, h Specific Entropy, s
ft3 Btu
lbm Btu
lbm lbm - cF
Liquid Vapor
psia cF Liquid Vapor Liquid Vapor
635.80 0.8625 1.2881
2000 649.45 0.02565 0.18831 672.1 1138.3 0.8828 1.2676
2200 662.11 0.9031 1.2460
2400 673.91 0.02669 0.16272 695.5 1122.2 0.9247 1.2225
2600 684.96 0.9468 1.1958
2800 695.33 0.02790 0.14076 719.0 1103.7 0.9728 1.1619
3000 700.28 0.9914 1.1373
3100 705.08 0.02938 0.1211 744.5 1082.0 1.0351 1.0832
3200 705.47 1.0612 1.0612
3208.2 0.03134 0.10305 770.7 1055.5

0.03428 0.08500 801.8 1020.3

0.03681 0.07452 824.0 993.3

0.04472 0.05663 875.5 931.6

0.05078 0.05078 906.0 906.0

9.8.2 Properties of Saturated Steam (SI Units)

Saturated Steam (SI Units)—Temperature Table

Temperature Pressure Specific Volume, v Specific Enthalpy, h Specific Entropy, s
m3 kJ kJ
cC kPa kg kg
0.01 0.6113 kg : K
5 0.8721
10 1.2276 Liquid Vapor Liquid Vapor Liquid Vapor
15 1.7051
20 2.339 0.001000 206.14 0.01 2501.4 0 9.1562
25 3.169 0.001000 147.12 20.98 2510.6 0.0761 9.0257
30 4.246 0.001000 106.38 42.01 2519.8 0.151 8.9008
35 5.628 0.001001 77.93 62.99 2528.9 0.2245 8.7814
40 7.384 0.001002 57.79 83.96 2538.1 0.2966 8.6672
45 9.593 0.001003 43.36 104.89 2547.2 0.3674 8.5580
50 12.349 0.001004 32.89 125.79 2556.3 0.4369 8.4533
55 15.758 0.001006 25.22 146.68 2565.3 0.5053 8.3531
60 19.94 0.001008 19.52 167.37 2574.3 0.5725 8.2570
65 25.03 0.001010 15.26 188.45 2583.2 0.6387 8.1648
70 31.19 0.001012 12.03 209.33 2592.1 0.7038 8.0763
75 38.58 0.001015 230.23 2600.9 0.7679 7.9913
80 47.39 0.001017 9.568 251.13 2609.6 0.8312 7.9096
85 57.83 0.001020 7.671 272.06 2618.3 0.8935 7.8310
90 70.14 0.001023 6.197 292.98 2626.8 0.9549 7.7553
95 84.55 0.001026 5.042 313.93 2635.3 1.0155 7.6824
0.001029 4.131 334.91 2643.7 1.0753 7.6122
100 101.35 0.001033 3.407 355.90 2651.9 1.1343 7.5445
105 120.82 0.001036 2.828 376.92 2660.1 1.1925 7.4791
0.001040 2.361 397.96 2668.1 1.2500 7.4159
0.001044 1.982 419.04 2676.1 1.3069 7.3549
0.001048 1.6729 440.15 2683.8 1.3630 7.2958
1.4194

©2020 NCEES 588

Chapter 9: Physical Properties

Saturated Steam (SI Units)—Temperature Table (cont'd)

Temperature Pressure Specific Volume, v Specific Enthalpy, h Specific Entropy, s
m3 kJ kJ
cC kPa kg kg
110 kg : K
115 143.27
120 169.06 Liquid Vapor Liquid Vapor Liquid Vapor
125 198.53
130 232.1 0.001052 1.2102 461.30 2691.5 1.4185 7.2387
135 270.1 0.001056 1.0366 482.48 2699.0 1.4734 7.1833
140 313.0 0.001060 0.8919 503.71 2706.3 1.5276 7.1296
145 361.3 0.001065 0.7706 524.99 2713.5 1.5813 7.0775
150 415.4 0.001070 0.6685 546.31 2720.5 1.6344 7.0269
155 475.8 0.001075 0.5822 567.69 2727.3 1.6870 6.9777
160 543.1 0.001080 0.5089 589.13 2733.9 1.7391 6.9299
165 617.8 0.001085 0.4463 610.63 2740.3 1.7907 6.8833
170 700.5 0.001091 0.3928 632.20 2746.5 1.8418 6.8379
175 791.7 0.001096 0.3468 653.84 2752.4 1.8925 6.7935
180 892.0 0.001102 0.3071 675.55 2758.1 1.9427 6.7502
185 1002.1 0.001108 0.2727 697.34 2763.5 1.9925 6.7078
190 1122.7 0.001114 0.2428 719.21 2768.7 2.0419 6.6663
195 1254.4 0.001121 0.2168 741.17 2773.6 2.0909 6.6256
200 1397.8 0.001127 0.194005 763.22 2778.2 2.1396 6.5857
205 1553.8 0.001134 0.174009 785.37 2782.4 2.1879 6.5465
210 1723.0 0.001141 0.156054 807.62 2786.4 2.2359 6.5079
215 1906.2 0.001149 0.141005 829.98 2790.0 2.2835 6.4698
220 2104 0.001157 0.127036 852.45 2793.2 2.3309 6.4323
225 2318 0.001164 0.115021 875.04 2796.0 2.3780 6.3952
230 2518 0.001173 0.104041 897.76 2798.5 2.4248 6.3585
235 2795 0.001181 0.094079 920.62 2800.5 2.4714 6.3221
240 3060 0.001190 0.086019 943.62 2802.1 2.5178 6.2861
245 3344 0.001199 0.078049 966.78 2803.3 2.5639 6.2503
250 3618 0.001209 0.071058 990.12 2804.0 2.6099 6.2146
255 3973 0.001219 0.065037 1013.62 2804.2 2.6558 6.1791
260 4319 0.001229 0.059076 1037.32 2803.8 2.7015 6.1437
265 4688 0.001240 0.054071 1061.23 2803.0 2.7472 6.1083
270 5081 0.001251 0.050130 1085.36 2801.5 2.7927 6.0730
275 5499 0.001263 0.045098 1109.73 2799.5 2.8383 6.0375
280 5942 0.001276 0.042021 1134.37 2796.9 2.8838 6.0019
285 6412 0.001289 0.038077 1159.28 2793.6 2.9294 5.9662
290 6909 0.001302 0.035064 1184.51 2789.7 2.9751 5.9301
295 7436 0.001317 0.032079 1210.07 2785.0 3.0208 5.8938
300 7993 0.001332 0.030017 1235.99 2779.6 3.0668 5.8571
8581 0.001348 0.027077 1262.31 2773.3 3.1130 5.8199
0.001366 0.025057 1289.07 2766.2 3.1594 5.7821
0.001384 0.023054 1316.3 2758.1 3.2062 5.7437
0.001404 0.021067 1344.0 2749.0 3.2534 5.7045

©2020 NCEES 589

Chapter 9: Physical Properties

Saturated Steam (SI Units)—Temperature Table (cont'd)

Temperature Pressure Specific Volume, v Specific Enthalpy, h Specific Entropy, s
m3 kJ kJ
kg kg
kg : K

cC kPa Liquid Vapor Liquid Vapor Liquid Vapor
305
310 9202 0.001425 0.019948 1372.4 2738.7 3.3010 5.6643
315 9856 0.001447 0.018350 1401.3 2727.3 3.3493 5.6230
320 10,547 0.001472 0.016867 1431.0 2714.5 3.3982 5.5804
330 11,274 0.001499 0.015488 1461.5 2700.1 3.4480 5.5362
340 12,845 0.001561 0.012996 1525.3 2665.9 3.5507 5.4417
350 14,586 0.001638 0.010797 1594.2 2622.0 3.6594 5.3357
360 16,513 0.001740 0.008813 1670.6 2563.9 3.7777 5.2112
370 18,651 0.001893 0.006945 1760.5 2481.0 3.9147 5.0526
374.14 21,030 0.002213 0.004925 1890.5 2332.1 4.1106 4.7971
22,090 0.003155 0.003155 2099.3 2099.3 4.4298 4.4298

Saturated Steam (SI Units)—Pressure Table

Pressure Temperature Specific Volume, v Specific Enthalpy, h Specific Entropy, s
m3 kJ kJ
kg kg
kg : K

kPa cC Liquid Vapor Liquid Vapor Liquid Vapor
0.01
0.6113 6.98 0.001000 206.14 1 2501.4 0 9.1562
1 13.03 0.001000 129.21 29.3 2514.2 0.1059 8.9756
1.5 17.50 0.001001 87.98 54.71 2525.3 0.1957 8.8279
2 21.08 0.001001 67 73.48 2533.5 0.2607 8.7237
2.5 24.08 0.001002 54.25 88.49 2540.0 0.3120 8.6432
3 28.96 0.001003 45.67 101.05 2545.5 0.3545 8.5776
4 32.88 0.001004 34.8 121.46 2554.4 0.4226 8.4746
5 40.29 0.001005 28.19 137.82 2561.5 0.4764 8.3951
7.5 45.81 0.001008 19.24 168.79 2574.8 0.5764 8.2515
10 53.97 0.001010 14.67 191.83 2584.7 0.6493 8.1502
15 60.05 0.001014 10.02 225.94 2599.1 0.7549 8.0085
20 64.97 0.001017 251.4 2609.7 0.8320 7.9085
25 69.10 0.001020 7.649 271.93 2618.2 0.8931 7.8314
30 75.87 0.001022 6.204 289.23 2625.3 0.9439 7.7686
40 81.33 0.001027 5.229 317.58 2636.8 1.0259 7.6700
50 91.78 0.001030 3.993 340.49 2645.9 1.0910 7.5939
75 99.63 0.001037 3.24 384.39 2663.0 1.2130 7.4564
100 105.99 0.001043 2.217 417.46 2675.5 1.3026 7.3594
125 111.37 0.001048 1.694 444.32 2685.4 1.3740 7.2844
150 116.06 0.001053 1.3749 467.11 2693.6 1.4336 7.2233
175 120.23 0.001057 1.1593 486.99 2700.6 1.4849 7.1717
200 0.001061 1.0036 504.7 2706.7 1.5301 7.1271
0.8857

©2020 NCEES 590

Chapter 9: Physical Properties

Saturated Steam (SI Units)—Pressure Table (cont'd)

Pressure Temperature Specific Volume, v Specific Enthalpy, h Specific Entropy, s
m3 kJ kJ
kPa cC kg kg
124.00 kg : K
225 127.44
250 130.60 Liquid Vapor Liquid Vapor Liquid Vapor
275 133.55
300 136.30 0.001064 0.7933 520.72 2712.1 1.5706 7.0878
325 138.88 0.001067 0.7187 535.37 2716.9 1.6072 7.0527
350 141.32 0.001070 0.6573 548.89 2721.3 1.6408 7.0209
375 143.63 0.001073 0.6058 561.47 2725.3 1.6718 6.9919
400 147.93 0.001076 0.5620 573.25 2729.0 1.7006 6.9652
450 151.86 0.001079 0.5243 584.33 2732.4 1.7275 6.9405
500 155.48 0.001081 0.4914 594.81 2735.6 1.7528 6.9175
550 164.97 0.001084 0.4625 604.74 2738.6 1.7766 6.8959
700 167.78 0.001088 0.4140 623.25 2743.9 1.8207 6.8565
750 170.43 0.001093 0.3749 640.23 2748.7 1.8607 6.8213
800 172.96 0.001097 0.3427 655.93 2753.0 1.8973 6.7893
850 175.38 0.001108 0.2729 697.22 2763.5 1.9922 6.7080
900 177.69 0.001112 0.2556 709.47 2766.4 2.0200 6.6847
950 179.91 0.001115 0.2404 721.11 2769.1 2.0462 6.6628
1000 184.09 0.001118 0.2270 732.22 2771.6 2.0710 6.6421
1100 187.99 0.001121 0.2150 742.83 2773.9 2.0946 6.6226
1200 191.64 0.001124 0.2042 753.02 2776.1 2.1172 6.6041
1300 195.07 0.001127 0.194044 762.81 2778.1 2.1387 6.5865
1400 198.32 0.001133 0.177053 781.34 2781.7 2.1792 6.5536
1500 205.76 0.001139 0.163033 798.65 2784.8 2.2166 6.5233
1750 212.42 0.001144 0.151025 814.93 2787.6 2.2515 6.4953
2000 218.45 0.001149 0.140084 830.30 2790.0 2.2842 6.4693
2250 223.99 0.001154 0.131077 844.89 2792.2 2.3150 6.4448
2500 233.90 0.001166 0.113049 878.50 2796.4 2.3851 6.3896
3000 242.60 0.001177 0.099063 908.79 2799.5 2.4474 6.3409
3500 250.40 0.001187 0.088075 936.49 2801.7 2.5035 6.2972
4000 263.99 0.001197 0.079098 962.11 2803.1 2.5547 6.2575
5000 275.64 0.001217 0.066068 1008.42 2804.2 2.6457 6.1869
6000 285.88 0.001235 0.057007 1049.75 2804.2 2.7253 6.1253
7000 295.06 0.001252 0.049078 1087.31 2801.4 2.7964 6.0701
8000 303.40 0.001286 0.039044 1154.23 2794.3 3.9202 5.9734
9000 311.06 0.001319 0.032044 1213.35 2784.3 3.0267 5.8892
10,000 318.15 0.001351 0.027037 1267.00 2772.1 3.1211 5.8133
11,000 324.75 0.001384 0.023052 1316.64 2758.0 3.2068 5.7432
12,000 330.93 0.001418 0.020048 1363.26 2742.1 3.2858 5.6772
13,000 0.001452 0.018026 1407.56 2724.7 3.3596 5.6141
0.001489 0.015987 1450.1 2705.6 3.4295 5.5527
0.001527 0.014263 1491.3 2684.9 3.4962 5.4924
0.001567 0.01278 1531.5 2662.2 3.5606 5.4323

©2020 NCEES 591

Chapter 9: Physical Properties

Saturated Steam (SI Units)—Pressure Table (cont'd)

Pressure Temperature Specific Volume, v Specific Enthalpy, h Specific Entropy, s
m3 kJ kJ
kPa cC kg kg
14,000 336.75 kg : K
15,000 342.24
16,000 347.44 Liquid Vapor Liquid Vapor Liquid Vapor
17,000 352.37
18,000 357.06 0.001611 0.011485 1571.1 2637.6 3.6232 5.3717
19,000 361.54 0.001658 0.010337 1610.5 2610.5 3.6848 5.3098
20,000 365.81 0.001711 0.009306 1650.1 2580.6 3.7461 5.2455
21,000 369.89 0.001770 0.008364 1690.3 2547.2 3.8079 5.1777
22,000 373.80 0.001840 0.007489 1732.0 2509.1 3.8715 5.1044
0.001924 0.006657 1776.5 2464.5 3.9388 5.0228
22,090 374.14 0.002036 0.005834 1826.3 2409.7 4.0139 4.9269
0.002207 0.004952 1888.4 2334.6 4.1075 4.8013
0.002742 0.003568 2022.2 2165.6 4.3110 5.5327

0.003155 0.003155 2099.3 2099.3 4.4298 4.4298

©2020 NCEES 592

©2020 NCEES 9.8.3 Superheated Steam (U.S. Customary Units)

Superheated Steam (U.S. Units) v = d

Pressure (psia) 200 300 400 500 600
Saturated Temp. (°F) 392.6 452.3 512.0 571.6 631.2
1150.4 1195.8 1241.7 1288.3 1335.7
1 v 2.0512 2.1153 2.1720 2.2233 2.2702
(101.74) h 78.16 90.25 102.26 114.22 126.16
s 1148.8 1195.0 1241.2 1288.0 1335.4
1.8718 1.9370 1.9942 2.0456 2.0927
5 v 38.85 45.00 51.04 57.05 63.03
(162.24) h 1146.6 1193.9 1240.6 1287.5 1335.1
s 1.7927 1.8595 1.9172 1.9689 2.0160
30.53 34.68 38.78 42.86
10 v   1192.8 1239.9 1287.1 1334.8
(193.21) h   1.8160 1.8743 1.9261 1.9734
s   22.36 25.43 28.46 31.47
  1191.6 1239.2 1286.6 1334.4
14.696 v   1.7808 1.8396 1.8918 1.9392
(212) h   11.04 12.628 14.168 15.688
s   1186.8 1236.5 1284.8 1333.1
593   1.6994 1.7608 1.8140 1.8619
v   7.259 8.357 9.403 10.427
20 h   1181.6 1233.6 1283.0 1331.8
(227.96) s   1.6492 1.7135 1.7678 1.8162
  6.220 7.020 7.797
40 v     1230.7 1281.1 1330.5
(267.25) h     1.6791 1.7346 1.7836
s     4.937 5.589 6.218
    1227.6 1279.1 1329.1
60 v     1.6518 1.7085 1.7581
(292.71) h    
s

80 v
(312.03) h
s

100 v
(327.81) h
s

d ft3 n h = c Btu m s = c Btu m
lbm lbm lbm - cF

Temperature (°F) 900 1000 1200 1400 1600 Chapter 9: Physical Properties
700 800 809.9 869.5 988.7 1107.8 1227.0
690.8 750.4 1482.7 1533.5 1637.7 1745.7 1857.5
2.3923 2.4283 2.4952 2.5566 2.6137
1383.8 1432.8 161.95 173.87 197.71 221.60 245.40
2.3137 2.3542 1482.6 1533.4 1637.7 1745.7 1857.4
138.10 150.03 2.2148 2.2509 2.3178 2.3792 2.4363
1383.6 1432.7 80.95 86.92 98.84 110.77 122.69
2.1361 2.1767 1482.4 1533.2 1637.6 1745.6 1857.3
69.01 74.98 2.1383 2.1744 2.2413 2.3028 2.3598
1383.4 1432.5 55.07 59.13 67.25 75.37 83.48
2.0596 2.1002 1482.3 1533.1 1637.5 1745.5 1857.3
46.94 51.00 2.0958 2.1319 2.1989 2.2603 2.3174
1383.2 1432.3 40.45 43.44 49.41 55.37 61.34
2.0170 2.0576 1482.1 1533.0 1637.4 1745.4 1857.2
34.47 37.46 2.0618 2.0978 2.1648 2.2263 2.2834
1382.9 1432.1 20.20 21.70 24.69 27.68 30.66
1.9829 2.0235 1481.4 1532.4 1637.0 1745.1 1857.0
17.198 18.702 1.9850 2.0212 2.0883 2.1498 2.2069
1381.9 1431.3 13.452 14.454 16.451 18.446 20.440
1.9058 1.9467 1480.8 1531.9 1636.6 1744.8 1856.7
11.441 12.449 1.9400 1.9762 2.0434 2.1049 2.1621
1380.9 1430.5 10.077 10.830 12.332 13.830 15.325
1.8605 1.9015 1480.1 1531.3 1636.2 1744.5 1856.5
8.562 9.322 1.9079 1.9442 2.0115 2.0731 2.1303
1379.9 1429.7 8.052 8.656 9.860 11.060 12.258
1.8281 1.8694 1479.5 1530.8 1635.7 1744.2 1856.2
6.835 7.446 1.8829 1.9193 1.9867 2.0484 2.1056
1378.9 1428.9
1.8029 1.8443

©2020 NCEES Superheated Steam (U.S. Units) (cont'd) v =

Pressure (psia) T
Saturated Temp. (°F)
200 300 400 500 600
 
120 v     4.081 4.636 5.165 5
(341.25) h  
s     1224.4 1277.2 1327.7 13
 
    1.6287 1.6869 1.7370 1.
 
140 v     3.468 3.954 4.413 4
(353.02) h  
s     1221.1 1275.2 1326.4 13
 
    1.6087 1.6683 1.7190 1.
 
160 v     3.008 3.443 3.849 4
(363.53) h  
s     1217.6 1273.1 1325.0 13
 
    1.5908 1.6519 1.7033 1.
 
180 v     2.649 3.044 3.411 3
(373.06) h  
s     1214.0 1271.0 1323.5 13
 
    1.5745 1.6373 1.6894 1.
 
594 200 v     2.361 2.726 3.060 3
(381.79) h  
s   1210.3 1268.9 1322.1 13

  1.5594 1.6240 1.6767 1.

220 v   2.125 2.465 2.772 3
(389.86) h
s   1206.5 1266.7 1320.7 13

  1.5453 1.6117 1.6652 1.

240 v   1.9276 2.247 2.533 2
(397.37) h
s   1202.5 1264.5 1319.2 13

  1.5319 1.6003 1.6546 1.

260 v     2.063 2.330 2
(404.42) h
s     1262.3 1317.7 13

    1.5897 1.6447 1.

280 v     1.9047 2.156 2
(411.05) h
s     1260.0 1316.2 13

    1.5796 1.6354 1.

= d ft3 n h = c Btu m s = c Btu m
lbm lbm lbm - cF

Temperature (°F)

700 800 900 1000 1200 1400 1600
8.212 9.214 10.213
5.683 6.195 6.702 7.207 1635.3 1743.9 1856.0
1.9664 2.0281 2.0854
377.8 1428.1 1478.8 1530.2 7.035 7.895 8.752
1634.9 1743.5 1855.7
.7822 1.8237 1.8625 1.8990 1.9493 2.0110 2.0683
6.152 6.906 7.656
4.861 5.301 5.738 6.172 1634.5 1743.2 1855.5
1.9344 1.9962 2.0535
376.8 1427.3 1478.2 1529.7 5.466 6.136 6.804
1634.1 1742.9 1855.2
.7645 1.8063 1.8451 1.8817 1.9212 1.9831 2.0404
4.917 5.521 6.123
4.244 4.631 5.015 5.396 1633.7 1742.6 1855.0
1.9094 1.9713 2.0287
375.7 1426.4 1477.5 1529.1 4.467 5.017 5.565
1633.3 1742.3 1854.7
.7491 1.7911 1.8301 1.8667 1.8987 1.9607 2.0181 Chapter 9: Physical Properties
4.093 4.597 5.100
3.764 4.110 4.452 4.792 1632.9 1742.0 1854.5
1.8889 1.9510 2.0084
374.7 1425.6 1476.8 1528.6 3.776 4.242 4.707
1632.5 1741.7 1854.2
.7355 1.7776 1.8167 1.8534 1.8799 1.9420 1.9995
3.504 3.938 4.37
3.380 3.693 4.002 4.309 1632.1 1741.4 1854.0
1.8716 1.9337 1.9912
373.6 1424.8 1476.2 1528.0

.7232 1.7655 1.8048 1.8415

3.066 3.352 3.634 3.913

372.6 1424.0 1475.5 1527.5

.7120 1.7545 1.7939 1.8308

2.804 3.068 3.327 3.584

371.5 1423.2 1474.8 1526.9

.7017 1.7444 1.7839 1.8209

2.582 2.827 3.067 3.305

370.4 1422.3 1474.2 1526.3

.6922 1.7352 1.7748 1.8118

2.392 2.621 2.845 3.066

369.4 1421.5 1473.5 1525.8

.6834 1.7265 1.7662 1.8033

©2020 NCEES Superheated Steam (U.S. Units) (cont'd) v =

Pressure (psia) T

Saturated Temp. (°F) 200 300 400 500 600

300 v       1.7675 2.005 2
(417.33)
h      1257.6 1314.7 13

s       1.5701 1.6268 1.

350 v       1.4923 1.7036 1
(431.72)
h      1251.5 1310.9 13

s       1.5481 1.6070 1.

400 v       1.2851 1.477 1.
(444.59)
h      1245.1 1306.9 13

s       1.5281 1.5894 1.

450 v       1.1231 1.3005 1.
(456.28)
h      1238.4 1302.8 13

s       1.5095 1.5735 1.

595 500 v       0.9927 1.1591 1.
(467.01)
h      1231.3 1298.6 13

s       1.4919 1.5588 1.

550 v       0.8852 1.0431 1.
(476.94)
h      1223.7 1294.3 13

s       1.4751 1.5451 1.

600 v       0.7947 0.9463 1.
(486.21)
h      1215.7 1289.9 13

s       1.4586 1.5323 1.

700 v        0.7934 0.
(503.1)
h        1280.6 13

s        1.5084 1.

800 v        0.6779 0.
(518.23)
h        1270.7 13

s        1.4863 1.

900 v        0.5873 0.
(531.98)
h        1260.1 13

s        1.4653 1.

= d ft3 n h = c Btu m s = c Btu m
lbm lbm lbm - cF

Temperature (°F)

700 800 900 1000 1200 1400 1600
3.269 3.674 4.078
2.227 2.442 2.652 2.859 1631.7 1741.0 1853.7
1.8638 1.9260 1.9835
368.3 1420.6 1472.8 1525.2 2.798 3.147 3.493
1630.7 1740.3 1853.1
.6751 1.7184 1.7582 1.7954 1.8463 1.9086 1.9663
2.445 2.751 3.055
1.898 2.084 2.266 2.445 1629.6 1739.5 1852.5
1.8311 1.8936 1.9513
365.5 1418.5 1471.1 1523.8 2.1700 2.4430 2.7140
1628.6 1738.7 1851.9
.6563 1.7002 1.7403 1.7777 1.8177 1.8803 1.9381
1.9504 2.1970 2.4420
.6508 1.8161 1.9767 2.134 1627.6 1737.9 1851.3
1.8056 1.8683 1.9262
362.7 1416.4 1469.4 1522.4 1.7706 1.9957 2.2190 Chapter 9: Physical Properties
1626.6 1737.1 1850.6
.6398 1.6842 1.7247 1.7623 1.7946 1.8575 1.9155
1.6208 1.8279 2.0330
.4584 1.6074 1.7516 1.8928 1625.5 1736.3 1850.0
1.7846 1.8476 1.9056
359.9 1414.3 1467.7 1521.0 1.3853 1.5641 1.7405
1623.5 1734.8 1848.8
.6250 1.6699 1.7108 1.7486 1.7666 1.8299 1.8881
1.2088 1.3662 1.5214
.3044 1.4405 1.5715 1.6996 1621.4 1733.2 1847.5
1.7510 1.8146 1.8729
357.0 1412.1 1466.0 1519.6 1.0714 1.2124 1.3509
1619.3 1731.6 1846.3
.6115 1.6571 1.6982 1.7363 1.7371 1.8009 1.8595

.1783 1.3038 1.4241 1.5414

354.0 1409.9 1464.3 1518.2

.5991 1.6452 1.6868 1.7250

.0732 1.1899 1.3013 1.4096

351.1 1407.7 1462.5 1516.7

.5875 1.6343 1.6762 1.7147

.9077 1.0108 1.1082 1.2024

345.0 1403.2 1459.0 1513.9

.5665 1.6147 1.6573 1.6963

.7833 0.8763 0.9633 1.0470

338.6 1398.6 1455.4 1511.0

.5476 1.5972 1.6407 1.6801

.6863 0.7716 0.8506 0.9262

332.1 1393.9 1451.8 1508.1

.5303 1.5814 1.6257 1.6656

©2020 NCEES Superheated Steam (U.S. Units) (cont'd) v

Pressure (psia) 500 600
Saturated Temp. (°F) 200 300 400

1000 v        0.5140
(544.61)   1248.8
h        1.4450

s     

1100 v        0.4532
(556.31)   1236.7
h        1.4251

s     

1200 v        0.4016
(567.22)   1223.5
h        1.4052

s     

1400 v        0.3174
(587.1)   1193.0
h        1.3639

s     

596 1600 v        
(604.9)   
h        

s     

1800 v        
(621.03)   
h        

s     

2000 v        
(635.82)   
h        

s     

2500 v        
(668.13)   
h        

s     

3000 v        
(695.36)   
h        

s     

= d ft3 n h = c Btu m s = c Btu m
lbm lbm lbm - cF

Temperature (°F)

700 800 900 1000 1200 1400 1600
0.9615 1.0893 1.2146
0.6084 0.6878 0.7604 0.8294 1617.3 1730.0 1845.0
1.7245 1.7886 1.8474
1325.3 1389.2 1448.2 1505.1
0.8716 0.9885 1.1031
1.5141 1.5670 1.6121 1.6525 1615.2 1728.4 1843.8
1.7130 1.7775 1.8363
0.5445 0.6191 0.6866 0.7503 0.7967 0.9046 1.0101
1613.1 1726.9 1842.5
1318.3 1384.3 1444.5 1502.2 1.7025 1.7672 1.8263
0.6789 0.7727 0.8640
1.4989 1.5535 1.5995 1.6405 1608.9 1723.7 1840.0
1.6836 1.7489 1.8083
0.4909 0.5617 0.6250 0.6843 0.5906 0.6738 0.7545
1604.6 1720.5 1837.5
1311.0 1379.3 1440.7 1499.2 1.6669 1.7328 1.7926
0.5218 0.5968 0.6693
1.4843 1.5409 1.5879 1.6293 1600.4 1717.3 1835.0 Chapter 9: Physical Properties
1.6520 1.7185 1.7786
0.4062 0.4714 0.5281 0.5805 0.4668 0.5352 0.6011
1596.1 1714.1 1832.5
1295.5 1369.1 1433.1 1493.2 1.6384 1.7055 1.7660
0.3678 0.4244 0.4784
1.4567 1.5177 1.5666 1.6093 1585.3 1706.1 1826.2
1.6088 1.6775 1.7389
0.3417 0.4034 0.4553 0.5027 0.3018 0.3505 0.3966
1574.3 1698.0 1819.9
1278.7 1358.4 1425.3 1487.0 1.5837 1.6540 1.7163

1.4303 1.4964 1.5476 1.5914

0.2907 0.3502 0.3986 0.4421

1260.3 1347.2 1417.4 1480.8

1.4044 1.4765 1.5301 1.5752

0.2489 0.3074 0.3532 0.3935

1240.0 1335.5 1409.2 1474.5

1.3783 1.4576 1.5139 1.5603

0.1686 0.2294 0.2710 0.3061

1176.8 1303.6 1387.8 1458.4

1.3073 1.4127 1.4772 1.5273

0.0984 0.1760 0.2159 0.2476

1060.7 1267.2 1365.0 1441.8

1.1966 1.3690 1.4439 1.4984

©2020 NCEES

Superheated Steam (U.S. Units) (cont'd) v =

Pressure (psia) T

Saturated Temp. (°F) 200 300 400 500 600

3206.2 v        
(705.4)
h        

s        

v         0

3500 h         7

s         0

v         0

4000 h         7

s         0

v         0

597 4500 h         7

s         0

v         0

5000 h         7

s         0

v         0

5500 h         7

s         0

= d ft3 n h = c Btu m s = c Btu m
lbm lbm lbm - cF

Temperature (°F)

700 800 900 1000 1200 1400 1600
0.2806 0.3267 0.3703
  0.1583 0.1981 0.2288 1569.8 1694.6 1817.2
1.5742 1.6452 1.7080
  1250.5 1355.2 1434.7 0.2546 0.2977 0.3381
1563.3 1689.8 1813.6
  1.3508 1.4309 1.4874 1.5615 1.6336 1.6968
0.2192 0.2581 0.2943
0.0306 0.1364 0.1762 0.2058 1552.1 1681.7 1807.2
1.5417 1.6154 1.6795
780.5 1224.9 1340.7 1424.5 0.1917 0.2273 0.2602
1540.8 1673.5 1800.9
0.9515 1.3241 1.4127 1.4723 1.5235 1.5990 1.6640
0.1696 0.2027 0.2329
0.0287 0.1052 0.1462 0.1743 1529.5 1665.3 1794.5 Chapter 9: Physical Properties
1.5066 1.5839 1.6499
763.8 1174.8 1314.4 1406.8 0.1516 0.1825 0.2106
1518.2 1657.0 1788.1
0.9347 1.2757 1.3827 1.4482 1.4908 1.5699 1.6369

0.0276 0.0798 0.1226 0.1500

753.5 1113.9 1286.5 1388.4

0.9235 1.2204 1.3529 1.4253

0.0268 0.0593 0.1036 0.1303

746.4 1047.1 1256.5 1369.5

0.9152 1.1622 1.3231 1.4034

0.0262 0.0463 0.0880 0.1143

741.3 985.0 1224.1 1349.3

0.9090 1.1093 1.2930 1.3821

©2020 NCEES 9.8.4 Superheated Steam (SI Units)

Superheated Steam (SI U=nits) v

Pressure (MPa) 50 100 150 200 250
Saturated Temp. (°C) 14.8690 17.1960 19.5120 21.8250 24.1360
2592.6 2687.5 2783.0 2879.5 2977.3
0.01 v 8.1749 8.4479 8.6882 8.9038 9.1002 26
(45.81) h 3.41800 3.88900 4.35600 4.82000 3
  2682.5 2780.1 2877.7 2976.0 9
s   7.6958 7.9401 8.1580 8.3556 5.
  1.69580 1.93640 2.17200 2.40600 3
0.05 v   2676.2 2776.4 2875.3 2974.3 8
(81.33) h   7.3614 7.6134 7.8343 8.0333 2.
  0.95960 1.08030 1.19880 3
s     2768.8 2870.5 2971.0 8
    7.2795 7.5066 7.7086 1.
0.1 v     0.63390 0.71630 0.79640 3
(99.63) h     2761.0 2865.6 2967.6 7
    7.0778 7.3115 7.5166 0.
s     0.47080 0.53420 0.59510 3
    2752.8 2860.5 2964.2 7
0.2 v     6.9299 7.1706 7.3789 0.
(120.23) h     0.42490 0.47440 3
      2855.4 2960.7 7
598 s       7.0592 7.2709 0.
      0.35200 0.39380 3
0.3 v       2850.1 2957.2 7
(133.55) h       6.9665 7.1816 0.
      0.26080 0.29310 3
s       2839.3 2950.0 7
      6.8158 7.0384 0.
0.4 v       3
(143.63) h 7

s

0.5 v
(151.86) h

s

0.6 v
(158.85) h

s

0.8 v
(170.43) h

s

e=mkg3 o h d kJ n s = d kJ n
kg kg : K

Temperature (°C) 600 700 800 900 Chapter 9: Physical Properties
300 400 500 40.2950 44.9110 49.5260 54.1410
6.4450 31.0630 35.6790 3705.4 3928.7 4159.0 4396.4
3076.5 3279.6 3489.1 10.1608 10.4028 10.6281 10.8396
9.2813 9.6077 9.8978 8.05700 8.98100 9.90400 10.8280
.28400 6.20900 7.13400 3705.1 3928.5 4158.9 4396.3
3075.5 3278.9 3488.7 9.4178 9.6599 9.8852 10.0967
8.5373 8.8642 9.1546 4.02800 4.49000 4.95200 5.41400
.63900 3.10300 3.56500 3704.7 3928.2 4158.6 4396.1
3074.3 3278.2 3488.1 9.0976 9.3398 9.5652 9.7767
8.2158 8.5435 8.8342 2.01300 2.24400 2.47500 2.70600
.31620 1.54930 1.78140 3704.0 3927.6 4158.2 4395.8
3071.8 3276.6 3487.1 8.7770 9.0194 9.2449 9.4566
7.8926 8.2218 8.5133 1.34140 1.49570 1.64990 1.80410
.87530 1.03150 1.18670 3703.2 3927.1 4157.8 4395.4
3069.3 3275.0 3486.0 8.5892 8.8319 9.0576 9.2692
7.7022 8.0330 8.3251 1.00550 1.12150 1.23720 1.35290
.65480 0.77260 0.88930 3702.4 3926.5 4157.3 4395.1
3066.8 3273.4 3484.9 8.4558 8.6987 8.9244 9.1362
7.5662 7.8985 8.1913 0.80410 0.89690 0.98960 1.08220
.52260 0.61730 0.71090 3701.7 3925.9 4156.9 4394.7
3064.2 3271.9 3483.9 7.3522 8.5952 8.8211 9.0329
7.4599 7.7938 8.0873 0.66970 0.74720 0.82450 0.90170
.43440 0.51370 0.59200 3700.9 3925.3 4156.5 4394.4
3061.6 3270.3 3482.8 8.2674 8.5107 8.7367 8.9486
7.3724 7.7079 8.0021 0.50180 0.56010 0.61810 0.67610
.32410 0.38430 0.44330 3699.4 3924.2 4155.6 4393.7
3056.5 3267.1 3480.6 8.1333 8.3770 8.6033 8.8153
7.2328 7.5716 7.8673

©2020 NCEES Superheated Steam (SI Units) (cont'd) v

Pressure (MPa) 50 T
Saturated Temp. (°C)
  100 150 200 250 30
599 1.0 v  
(179.91) h       0.20600 0.23270 0.25
s       2827.9 2942.6 305
1.2 v       6.6940 6.9247 7.12
(187.99) h       0.16930 0.19234 0.21
s       2815.9 2935.0 304
1.4 v       6.5898 6.8294 7.03
(195.07) h       0.14302 0.16350 0.18
s       2803.3 2927.2 304
1.6 v       6.4975 6.7467 6.95
(201.41) h         0.14184 0.15
s         2919.2 303
1.8 v         6.6732 6.88
(207.15) h         0.12497 0.14
s         2911.0 302
2.0 v         6.6066 6.82
(212.42) h         0.11144 0.12
s         2902.5 302
2.5 v         6.5453 6.76
(223.99°C) h         0.08700 0.09
s         2880.1 300
3.0 v         6.4085 6.64
(233.90) h         0.07058 0.08
s         2855.8 299
3.5 v         6.2872 6.53
(242.60) h         0.05872 0.06
s         2829.2 297
4.0 v         6.1749 6.44
(250.40) h           0.05
s         296
        6.36

e=mkg3 o h d kJ n s = d kJ n
kg kg : K

Temperature (°C)

00 400 500 600 700 800 900

5790 0.30660 0.35410 0.40110 0.44780 0.49430 0.54070 Chapter 9: Physical Properties
51.2 3263.9 3478.5 3697.9 3923.1 4154.7 4392.9
229 7.4651 7.7622 8.0290 8.2731 8.4996 8.7118
1380 0.25480 0.29460 0.33390 0.37290 0.41180 0.45050
45.8 3260.7 3476.3 3696.3 3922.0 4153.8 4392.2
317 7.3774 7.6959 7.9435 8.1881 8.4148 8.6272
8228 0.21780 0.25210 0.28600 0.31950 0.35280 0.38610
40.4 3257.5 3474.1 3694.8 3920.8 4153.0 4391.5
534 7.3026 7.6027 7.8710 8.1160 8.3431 8.5556
5862 0.19005 0.22030 0.25000 0.27940 0.30860 0.33770
34.8 3254.2 3472.0 3693.2 3919.7 4152.1 4390.8
844 7.2374 7.5390 7.8080 8.0535 8.2808 8.4935
4021 0.16847 0.19550 0.22200 0.24820 0.27420 0.30010
29.2 3250.9 3469.8 3691.7 3918.5 4151.2 4390.1
226 7.1794 7.4825 7.7523 7.9983 8.2258 8.4386
2547 0.15120 0.17568 0.19960 0.22320 0.24670 0.27000
23.5 3247.6 3467.6 3690.1 3917.4 4150.3 4389.4
664 7.1271 7.4317 7.7024 7.9487 8.1765 8.3895
9890 0.12010 0.13998 0.15930 0.17832 0.19716 0.21590
08.8 3239.3 3462.1 3686.3 3914.5 4148.2 4387.6
438 7.0148 7.3234 7.5960 7.8435 8.0720 8.2853
8114 0.09936 0.11619 0.13243 0.14838 0.16414 0.17980
93.5 3230.9 3456.5 3682.3 3911.7 4145.9 4385.9
390 6.9212 7.2338 7.5085 7.7511 7.9862 8.1999
6842 0.08453 0.09918 0.11324 0.12699 0.14056 0.15402
77.5 3222.3 3450.9 3678.4 3908.8 4143.7 4384.1
461 6.8405 7.1572 7.4339 7.6837 7.9134 8.1276
5884 0.07341 0.08643 0.09885 0.11095 0.12287 0.13469
60.7 3213.6 3445.3 3674.4 3905.9 4141.5 4382.3
615 6.7690 7.0901 7.3688 7.6198 7.8502 8.0647

©2020 NCEES Superheated Steam (SI Units) (cont'd) v

Pressure (MPa) 50 T
Saturated Temp. (°C)
  100 150 200 250 30
600 4.5 v  
(257.49) h           0.05
s           294
5.0 v           6.28
(263.99 h           0.04
s           292
6.0 v           6.20
(275.64) h           0.03
s           288
7.0 v           6.06
(285.88) h           0.02
s           283
8.0 v           5.93
(295.06) h           0.02
s           278
9.0 v           5.79
(303.40) h           
s           
10.0 v           
(311.06) h           
s           
12.5 v           
(327.89) h           
s           
15.0 v           
(342.24) h           
s         
        

e=mkg3 o h d kJ n s = d kJ n
kg kg : K

Temperature (°C)

00 400 500 600 700 800 900

5135 0.06475 0.07651 0.08765 0.09847 0.10911 0.11965 Chapter 9: Physical Properties
43.1 3204.7 3439.6 3670.5 3903.0 4139.3 4380.6
828 6.7047 7.0301 7.3110 7.5631 7.7942 8.0091
4532 0.05781 0.06857 0.07869 0.08849 0.09811 0.10762
24.5 3195.7 3433.8 3665.5 3900.1 4137.1 4378.8
084 6.6459 6.9759 7.2589 7.5122 7.7440 7.9593
3616 0.04739 0.05665 0.06525 0.07352 0.08160 0.08958
84.2 3177.2 3422.2 3658.4 3894.2 4132.7 4375.3
674 6.5408 6.8803 7.1677 7.4234 7.6566 7.8727
2947 0.03993 0.04814 0.05565 0.06283 0.06981 0.07669
38.4 3158.1 3410.3 3650.3 3888.3 4128.2 4371.8
305 6.4478 6.7975 7.0894 7.3476 7.5822 7.7991
2426 0.03432 0.04175 0.04845 0.05481 0.06097 0.06702
85.0 3138.3 3398.3 3642.0 3882.4 4123.8 4368.3
906 6.3634 6.7240 7.0206 7.2812 7.5173 7.7351
  0.02993 0.03677 0.04285 0.04857 0.05409 0.05950
  3117.8 3386.1 3633.7 3876.5 4119.3 4364.8
  6.2854 6.6576 6.9589 7.2221 7.4596 7.6783
  0.02641 0.03279 0.03837 0.04358 0.04859 0.05349
  3096.5 3373.7 3625.3 3870.5 4114.8 4361.2
  6.2120 6.5966 6.9029 7.1687 7.4077 7.6272
  0.02000 0.02560 0.03029 0.03460 0.03869 0.04267
  3039.3 3341.8 3604.0 3855.3 4103.6 4352.5
  6.0417 6.4618 6.7810 7.0536 7.2965 7.5182
  0.01565 0.02080 0.02491 0.02861 0.03210 0.03546
  2975.5 3308.6 3582.3 3840.1 4092.4 4343.8
  5.8811 6.3443 6.6776 6.9572 7.2040 7.4279

©2020 NCEES Superheated Steam (SI Units) (cont'd) v

Pressure (MPa) 50 T
Saturated Temp. (°C)
  100 150 200 250 30
601 17.5 v  
(354.75) h           
s           
20.0 v           
(365.81) h           
s           
25.0 v           
h           
30.0 s           
v           
35.0 h           
s           
40.0 v           
h           
s           
v           
h           
s         
        

e=mkg3 o h d kJ n s = d kJ n
kg kg : K

Temperature (°C)

00 400 500 600 700 800 900

  0.01245 0.01736 0.02106 0.02434 0.02738 0.03031 Chapter 9: Physical Properties
  2902.9 3274.1 3560.1 3824.6 4081.1 4335.1
  5.7213 6.2383 6.5866 6.8736 7.1244 7.3507
  0.00994 0.01477 0.01818 0.02113 0.02385 0.02645
  2818.1 3238.2 3537.6 3809.0 4069.7 4326.4
  5.5540 6.1401 6.5048 6.7993 7.0544 7.2830
  0.00604 0.01112 0.01414 0.01665 0.01891 0.02145
  2580.2 3162.4 3491.4 3777.5 4047.1 4309.1
  5.1418 5.9592 6.3602 6.6707 6.9345 7.1680
  0.00279 0.00868 0.01145 0.01366 0.01562 0.01745
  2151.1 3081.1 3443.9 3745.6 4024.2 4291.9
  4.4728 5.7905 6.2331 6.5605 6.8332 7.0718
  0.00210 0.00693 0.00953 0.01153 0.01328 0.01488
  1987.6 2994.4 3395.5 3713.5 4001.5 4274.9
  4.2126 5.6282 6.1179 6.4631 6.7450 6.9886
  0.00191 0.00562 0.00894 0.00994 0.01152 0.01296
  1930.9 2903.3 3346.4 3681.2 3978.7 4257.9
  4.1135 5.4700 6.0114 6.3750 6.6662 6.9150

Chapter 9: Physical Properties

9.9 Diagrams for Water and Steam

Pressure-Enthalpy (p-H) Diagram (U.S. Customary Units)

Source: ASME Steam Tables, 4th ed., New York: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1979.

©2020 NCEES 602

Chapter 9: Physical Properties
Temperature-Entropy (T-S) Diagram (U.S. Customary Units)

Source: ASME Steam Tables, 4th ed., New York: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1979.

©2020 NCEES 603

Chapter 9: Physical Properties
Pressure-Enthalpy (p-H) Diagram (SI Units)

,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,

Source: ASME Steam Tables, 4th ed., New York: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1979.

©2020 NCEES 604

Chapter 9: Physical Properties
Temperature-Entropy (T-S) Diagram (SI Units)

Source: ASME Steam Tables, 4th ed., New York: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1979.

©2020 NCEES 605

Chapter 9: Physical Properties
Mollier (h, s) Diagram for Steam (English Units)

©2020 NCEES 606

Chapter 9: Physical Properties
Mollier (h, s) Diagram for Steam (Metric Units)

©2020 NCEES 607