Tundra Biome
By: Olivia. Y
Table of Contents
Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. pg.2
About the Biome ……….……………………………………………………………………………………………. pg.3
About the imbalance ………………………………………………………………………………………………. pg.4
What can be done to fix it ……………………………………………………………………………………. pg.5
Energy Transfer ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. pg.6
Adaptations in Arctic Tundra ……………………………………………………………………………….. Pg.7
Fun Facts …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. pg.8
Index …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. pg.9
Glossary ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. pg.10
Bibliography …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. pg.11
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Introduction
In this ebook you’ll be able to find out more about the imbalance happening
in the Tundra biome in the Arctic and about the Arctic foxes
disappearance. I chose this topic to write about because I am interested
in endangered animals in the Arctic Tundra.
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TUNDRA BIOME
Tundra Biome is divided into 3 major Tundras. Arctic Tundra, Alpine
Tundra, and Antarctic Tundra. A biome is a major habitat. These 3 Tundras
have their own ecosystem, a biological community.
Most of them are located in the North Pole and the Northern side of Canada,
Alaska, Greenland, Europe, and Russia.
The climate in Tundra is extremely cold. The average temperature in
WInter is -34 c. The average temperature in summer is 3 - 12 c. There is 15 to
25 cm of rain each year ( counting melting snow ). The wind can reach up to
48-97 km a hour.
Despite the cold weather there a lots of Living things in Tundra. Some
animals that live in Tundra is Polar Bears, Lemmings, Wolves, Arctic Fox, and
Squirrels. Some fishes that live in Arctic Tundra are Salmon, Cod, Flatfish, and
Trout. Some plants that live in the Arctic Tundra are Grass, Low Shrubs,
Liverworts, and flowering plants. Insects that live in tundra are Mosquitoes, Moth,
Flies, and Grasshoppers. A few non-living things in Tundra are oil, soil,freshwater,
rocks, and atmospheric gas.
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About the Imbalance
Q. What is the imbalance?
A. Red Fox is now found in the northern area and they are eating the Arctic
Foxes food, which has caused the number of Arctic Fox to decrease.
Q. Is there other animals impacted by this?
A. Yes, the prey of Red foxes and Arctic fox is impacted.
Q. What role have humans played in this?
A. Humans caused Global Warming which cause Red Foxes to encroach into
Arctic Foxes habitat.
Q. What can we do to fix this problem?
A. We, humans can stop Global Warming.
Q. What kinds of different impacts were caused after the Red Fox encroached
into Arctic Tundra?
A. 1. The number of Arctic Fox is decreasing
because Red Foxes are eating all of
Arctic Foxes food up.
2. The preys/food of Arctic Fox and
Red Fox is also decreasing. This is because
this two foxes are eating all there’s left of them.
3. One positive impact is people
started treating Global Warming even more seriously.
4
What Can Be Done To Fix It
Wildlife organizations can inform people that we have to protect the Arctic
Tundra.
We people can try our best to stop Global Warming.
So, what can we do to stop Global warming?
1. We can save water by reducing our bath time.
2. We can save electricity by using multi tabs.
3. Recycle plastic, paper, and etc.
4. Walk or take a bike for short distance.
5
Energy Transfer
There are many ways animals get energy. Most of the animals get energy by
eating. There are 4 group of animals. Tertiary which is 0.1% of all, Secondary
consumers which is 1% of all, Primary consumers which is 10%, and producers
which is 100%.
Arctic Fox and Polar Bears are Tertiaries. Arctic Fox, Seal Snowy Owl, and
Penguin are example of Secondary consumers. Arctic Hare, Caribou, Reindeer,
Insects, Leming, Fish, Squirrels, Musk Oxen are examples of Primary Consumers.
Some examples of Producers are Moosl Shrubs, Wildflower, Sedge, Grass, and
Lichen.
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Adaptations in Arctic Tundra
One way that animals and plants survive in the Arctic Tundra is by
adapting to its biome. Arctic Fox changes the color of its fur to camouflage. In
summer and spring it changes its fur to brown to match the dry mud. In winter
it turns its fur to white to match the snow. Musk Ox’s long, thick, and dark hair
helps the Musk Oxen keep warm from the cold.Plants developed the ability to
grow under a thin layer of snow.Plants lose water from the leaves surface.
Because of this plants in Arctic Tundra have tiny leaves which help keep
moisture inside them.Plants grow near each other to keep away from the cold.
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Fun facts
● Tundra is the coldest and harshest biome on Earth.
● The word Tundra comes from a finnish word tunturia which means a
treeless region.
● Tundra covers 1/5 of Earth surface.
● Because of the extreme temperature most organisms get their nutrients
from decaying organic materials.
● The Tundra Biome stores more carbon dioxide than it gives off.
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Quiz
1. What are the 3 major Tundras?
(Answer in pg.3)
2. What kind of ability does the plants have?
(Answer in pg.7)
3. How much of the earth’s surface does the Tundra cover?
(Answer in pg.8)
4. What can we do to stop Global Warming?
(Answer in pg. )
5. What is the imbalance is in the Arctic Tundra?
(Answer in pg.4)
6. When does the ARctic Foxes fur turn brown?
(Answer in pg.7)
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Index
Adaptation pg .8
Biome pg. 4, pg. 9
Camouflage p g. 8
Ecosystem pg. 4
Encroach pg. 5
Endangered pg. 5
Finnish p g. 9
Imbalance pg. 5
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Glossary
Adaptation: animals or people body parts that are suited to its environment so
it can survive
Biome: a major habitat
Camouflage: blending with the surrounding
Ecosystem: biological community
Encroach: move into another's territory
Endangered: seriously at a risk of extinction
Finnish: Language of Finland
Imbalance: Not balanced
Major: Main
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Bibliography
Title page
https://www.goodfreephotos.com/united-states/wisconsin/ice-age-trail/wisconsin-ice-age-trail-
winter-tundra.jpg.php
Pg.1 Table of contents
https://www.myinterestingfacts.com/the-arctic-tundra-facts/
Pg.2 Introduction
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arctic_fox
Pg.3 Tundra Biome
https://5arctictundra.weebly.com/climatograph.html
http://venuechilton.com/tundra-images/tundra-images-tundra-biome-thinglink/
http://beyondpenguins.ehe.osu.edu/issue/tundra-life-in-the-polar-extremes/life-in-the-tundra
Pg.4/Pg.5 About the imbalance/ What can be done to fix it
https://sciencing.com/efforts-protect-tundra-8590787.html
http://www.un-habitat.org/endangered-animals-arctic-region/
http://www.metlink.org/climate/ipcc-updates-for-a-level-geography/carbon-cycle-feedbacks/
Pg.6 Energy Transfer
https://ab554.wordpress.com/2014/03/26/energy-pyramid/
https://ab554.wordpress.com/2014/03/26/energy-pyramid/
Pg.7 Adaptations in the Arctic Tundra
https://animals.howstuffworks.com/animal-facts/animal-camouflage2.htm
http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/tundraP.html
https://wonderopolis.org/wonder/how-do-arctic-animals-survive-in-the-cold
https://animalsake.com/polar-bear-adaptations
Pg.8 Fun Facts
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/habitats/tundra-biome/
www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/gloss5/biome/tundra.html
www.blueplanetbiomes.org/tundra.htm
http://www.softschools.com/facts/biomes/tundra_biome_facts/171/
https://animalsake.com/polar-bear-adaptations
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