================== ==================
pgL M Tof] M
================== ==================
of] M tkfO{+ M
#_ tnsf zAbnfO{ Psjrg agfpm M
====================== ======================
lstfax¿ xfdLx¿
====================== ======================
s]6fx¿ sf]7fx¿
====================== ======================
b/fhx¿ :ofpx¿
====================== ======================
af6fx¿ af/Lx¿
====================== ======================
df}/Lx¿ g]kfnLx¿
====================== ======================
cUnf af7f
$_ sf]i7saf6 ldNbf] zAb /fv]/ vfnL 7fpF e/ M
======================
s_ xfd|f ;fyLx¿ w]/} . -v]N5, v]N5g\_
======================
v_ d k9]/ a;]sf] . -5f}F, 5'_
======================
u_ d]/f w]/} k':ts . -5g\, 5_
======================
3_ ;/f;/ 3/ hfG5 . -pm, pgLx¿_
======================
ª_ sk8f w'Fb} l5g\ . -pgL, pgLx¿_
======================
r_ xfdL dfdf3/ . -uPF, uof}F_
======================
5_ tF w]/} . -plk|mG5;\, plk|mG5f}_
%_ tnsf Psjrgsf jfSonfO{ ax'jrgdf abn M
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s_ Tof] sljtf n]V5 .
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v_ ToxfF efF8f] 5 .
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 51
=====================================================
u_ d vfgf vfG5' .
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3_ of] /fd|f] 5 .
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ª_ ltdL slQ af]Nb}gf} .
=====================================================
r_ s]6f] w]/} rsrs u5{ .
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5_ k9fPsf] s'/f] a'¹ .
=====================================================
h_ of] d]/f] lstfa xf] .
^_ ax'jrgsf jfSonfO{ Psjrg agfpm M
============================================
s_ xfdL rª\uf p8fpF5f}F .
============================================
v_ tL s]6fx¿ abdf; 5g\ .
============================================
u_ ltdLx¿ w]/} rnfv 5f} .
============================================
3_ w]/} dflg;x¿ a;df r9] .
============================================
ª_ ;fyLx¿ lxh} cfPsf lyP .
============================================
r_ ljBfyL{x¿ sIffdf cfP .
============================================
5_ pxfFx¿n] klg vfgf vfg'eof] .
============================================
h_ ltdLx¿ uLt ufpF5f} .
&_ gldn]sf jfSonfO{ ldnfP/ ;f/ M
============================================
s_ xfdLx¿ k9\5' .
============================================
v_ pgLx¿ ;'Tof] .
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u_ oL d]/f] snd xf] .
============================================
3_ xfd|f 3/ /fd|f] 5 .
============================================
ª_ d dfdf3/ uof}F .
52 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
*_ jrg ldNg] u/L jfSodf k|of]u u/ M
=======================================================================
d s's'/x¿ M
===============================================================================
d d M
============================================================================
d xfdL M
=====================================================================
d ;'Gtnfx¿ M
===========================================================================
d hfG5' M
(= tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSox¿nfO{ jrg;ª\ult ldnfP/ ;f/ M
xfd|f] b]zsf] gfd g]kfn x'g\ . xfdL g]kfndf a:5' . g]kfndf g]kfnLx¿ a:5 . oxf“
w]/} lxdfnx¿ 5 . oxf“ vf]nf], tfn tyf ¹/gf k|z:t 5 . g]kfndf 8f“8fsf“8fx¿
klg 5 . oxf“ w]/} hª\unL hgfj/x¿ 5 . of] hgfj/x¿ tyf lxdfn x]g{ c¿ b]zaf6
dflg;x¿ cfp“5 .
========================================================================================
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;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 53
& k'?if
tnsf lrqx¿ x]/ clg zAbx¿ Wofg lbP/ k9 M
d xfdL tF
ltdL ltdLx¿ tkfO{+
pm÷pgL pgLx¿ pxfF
k'?if jf :qL b'j}nfO{ a'¹fpg] ;j{gfd zAbnfO{ k'?if
elgG5 . dfly lrqd'lg lbOPsf /ftf] cIf/df n]lvPsf
zAbx¿n] k'?ifnfO{ a'¹fPsf 5g\ .
54 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
k'?if tLg k|sf/sf 5g\ M
k'?if
klxnf] k'?if d, xfdL af]Ng] JolQm
bf];|f] k'?if tF, ltdL, tkfO{+ ;'Gg] JolQm
t];|f] k'?if pm, pgL, pgLx¿ ljifo
jfSodf k|of]u ePsf] ;j{gfd zAbn] af]Ng] JolQmnfO{ a'¹fof]
eg] To;nfO{ klxnf] k'?if elgG5 . klxnf] k'?if af]Ng] JolQm
ePsfn] o;nfO{ jQmf klg elgG5 .
tnsf jfSox¿df klxnf] k'?ifsf] k|of]u s;/L ePsf] 5, x]/ M
d d cfÇgf] ¹f]nf cfkm}F af]S5' . d xfdL g]kfnL Jofs/0f k9\5f}F .
d d}n] u[xsfo{ u/]sf] 5' . d xfdLn] w/x/f b]v]sf lyof}F .
d d u'?n] eg]sf] dfG5' . d xfdL labfdf w/fg uof}F .
d d}n] xft uf]8f wf]PF . d xfdLn] s'v'/f kfNof}F .
hf];“u s'/f ul/G5 p;}nfO{ a'¹fpg] k'?if bf];|f] k'?if xf] . bf];|f]
k'?ifn] ;'Gg] JolQmnfO{ a'¹fpg] ePsfn] o;nfO{ >f]tf klg elgG5 .
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 55
tnsf jfSox¿df bf];|f] k'?ifsf] k|of]u s;/L ePsf] 5, x]/ M
d tF s]s] vfG5;\ < d ltdL sxfF a:5f} <
d ltdLx¿ tLg sIffdf k9\5f} . d tkfO{+ 3/ hfg'xf];\ .
d tF sljtf k9\b} 5;\ . d ltdL syf n]V5f} .
d xh'/ ;Gr} x'g'x'G5 < d ltdL ;'Gtnf vfpm .
h;sf] af/]df s'/f ul/G5 p;}nfO{ a'¹fpg] k'?if t];|f] k'?if xf] .
jQmf / >f]tfsf] s'/fsfgLsf] ljifosf ¿kdf cfpg] t];|f] k'?ifnfO{
ljifo elgG5 .
tnsf jfSox¿df t];|f] k'?ifsf] k|of]u s;/L ePsf] 5, x]/ M
d pm u[xsfo{ u5{ . d pgL /fd|/L gflR5g\ .
d pgLx¿ cfÇgf] sfd u5{g\ . d pm lrq agfpFb} 5] .
d pxfF sljtf n]Vg'x'G5 . d pgL t/sf/L v]tL u5{g\ .
k'?ifsf] cfwf/df jfSodf stf{ / lj|mofsf] k|of]u ug'{nfO{ k'?if ;ª\ult elgG5 .
tnsf ;d"x s / ;d"x v sf jfSox¿ x]/ M
;d"x s ;d"x v
d d ;w}“ ljBfno hfG5 . d d ;w}F ljBfno hfG5' .
d t“ cfÇgf] sfd cfkm}“ u5{g\ . d tF cfÇgf] sfd cfkm}F u5{;\ .
d tkfO{+n] vfgf vfof]< d tkfO{+n] vfgf vfg'eof] <
d pgL /fd|/L gfR5];\ . d pgL /fd|/L gflR5g\ .
dfly ;d"x ‘s’ df ePsf jfSox¿df k'?if ;ª\ult ldn]sf] 5}g . ;d"x ‘v’ df ePsf
jfSox¿df ;ª\ult ldn]sf] 5 . ;d"x s sf jfSox¿ cz'4 5g\ .
56 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
cEof;
!_ hf]8f ldnfpm
d t];|f] k'?if
tF klxnf] k'?if
pm bf];|f] k'?if
xfdL bf];|f] k'?if
pgLx¿ klxnf] k'?if
ltdLx¿ t];|f] k'?if
@_ vfnL 7fpFdf ldNg] zAb e/ M
d lj|ms]6 v]N5' . xfdL lj|ms]6 ============== .
============== lj|ms]6 v]N5;\ . ltdL lj|ms]6 ============== .
============== lj|ms]6 v]Ng'x'G5 . pm lj|ms]6 ============== .
============== lj|ms]6 v]lN5g\ . pgLx¿ lj|ms]6 ============== .
#_ sf]i7saf6 ldNg] zAb 5fg]/ vfnL 7fpFdf n]v M
s_ ================= kf7zfnf hfG5f}F . -xfdL, ltdL, d_
v_ ================= sxfF hfg'ePsf] lyof] < -ltdL, tF, tkfO{F_
u_ ================= k|yd eO;\ lg . -ltdL, tkfO{F, tF_
3_ ================= /fd|f];Fu sljtf jfrg ug{ ;S5' . -d, xfdL, pm_
ª_ ================= clxn];Dd cfOg . -pgLx¿, Tof], pxfF_
r_ ================= s]6fx¿ s]xL sfd ub}{gg\ . -tF, of], tL_
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 57
$_ tnsf jfSonfO{ ldnfP/ n]v M
============================================
s_ d sfd u5{g\ .
============================================
v_ ltdL uLt ufpg'x'G5 .
============================================
u_ tkfO{+ dnfO{ dfof u5f}{ .
============================================
3_ ;fu/ / ;Gh' k6Ss} ldNb}g .
============================================
ª_ cl:dtf c:6]«lnof uof] .
============================================
r_ xfdL gfRg hfGb5 .
============================================
5_ s]6fs]6Lx¿ w]/} xNnf u5{ .
============================================
h_ ufO{ rb}{ 5] .
============================================
¹_ cfsfzdf tf/fx¿ rDsG5 .
============================================
`_ d lbglbg} g'xfpF5 .
%_ jfSodf k|of]u u/ M
========================================================================
d d M
========================================================================
d xfdL M
========================================================================
d ltdL M
========================================================================
d pgL M
========================================================================
d tkfO{F M
========================================================================
d pm M
========================================================================
d tF M
^_ tnsf jfSodf ldNg] zAbdf /]hf -µ_ nufpm M
s_ cfdfn] dnfO{ dfof ug'{x'G5 ÷ u5f}{ .
v_ tF cfsfzlt/ x]/]/ 6f]nfpF5f} ÷ 6f]nfpF5;\ .
58 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
u_ xfdL v'a ldlxg]t u/]/ k9\5f}F ÷ k9\5 .
3_ /f]lgsf / ;f]lgsf s'/f ub}{ 5g\ ÷ ub}{ 5].
ª_ of] 3/ /d]zsf] x'g\ ÷ xf] .
r_ pgL sDKo'6/ rnfpg hfGbl5g\ ÷ hfGb5] .
5_ xfd|f alxgLx¿ v'a rnfv 5g\ ÷ l5g\ .
h_ oL lstfax¿ d]/f xf] ÷ x'g\ .
¹_ d cfh k9\5;\ ÷ k9\5' .
`_ pgn] n6\7L efFr] ÷ efFlr;\ .
&_ tnsf] cg'R5]b k9 / klxnf], bf];|f] / t];|f] k'?if a'¹fpg] zAbx¿ 5'§f5'§}
tflnsfdf n]v M
pgLx¿ lxhf] km'6an v]Ng uP . xfdL eg] 3/d} al;/Åof}F . ltdL lbgel/ s] u/]/
a:of} lg < d cfhef]ln vf;} aflx/ 3'Dg hfGgF . /d]z v'a 3'Dg] u5{ . pm u[xsfo{
klg Tolt ub}{g . /d]zsf cfdfafafn] p;nfO{ slt ufnL ug'{x'G5 . pxfFx¿n]
/d]znfO{ d]/f] ;ª\ut u/\ eGg'eof] t/ pm dfGb}g . ltdLnfO{ klg /d]zsf] af/]df
yfx} 5 . xfdL ldn]/ p;nfO{ ;D¹fpg'k5{ x} . pm klg t xfd|} ;fyL xf] lg .
klxnf] k'?if bf];|f] k'?if t];|f] k'?if
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 59
( gfdof]uL
lrq x]/ clg jfSox¿ Wofg lbP/ k9 M
5fgf]dfly r/f 5 . dlGb/cufl8 dflg;sf] 6]a'nd'lg la/fnf] 5 .
nfd 5 .
;'lgtf cfdfl;t cfO{ . vf]nfkfl/ v]t 5 . alxgLeGbf efO cUnf] 5 .
dfly lrq;Fu lbOPsf jfSodf /x]sf oL zAbx¿ km]l/ k9 .
dfly, cufl8, d'lg, l;t, kfl/, eGbf
oL zAbx¿ gfdof]uL x'g\ .
gfdof]uL M gfd jf ;j{gfd;Fu hf]l8P/ cfpg] zAbx¿ gfdof]uL x'g\ .
gfdof]uLn] jfSodf gfd jf ;j{gfd;Fu ;DaGw /fV5g\ .
3/cufl8, deGbf, 6]a'ndfly, ¹f]nfleq, vf]nfkfl/, 3/aflx/
60 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
tnsf] lrq x]/ clg To;sf] 5]pdf n]lvPsf jfSox¿ Wofg lbP/ k9 M
dlGb/cufl8 dflg;sf] nfd 5 . efO deGbf ;fgf] 5
dlGb/k5fl8 ¿v 5 . d efOeGbf 7"nL 5' .
6]a'ndfly ¹f]nf 5 . 6f]s/Lleq k"mn 5 .
6]a'nd'lg es'G8f] 5 . 6f]s/Laflx/ :ofp 5 .
tnsf jfSox¿ cfjfh lgsfn]/ k9 M
d d;“u snd 5 . d ltdL cfdfl;t ahf/ hfpm .
d 5fgfdfly km;L{ 5 . d efOeGbf alxgL hfGg] l5g\ .
d gf]u]gsf] cufl8 s[kf a:5] . d d]/f] 3/af6 :joDe" b]lvG5 .
d g]kfnsf] pQ/kl§ lxdfn 5 . d k|ltdfsf] kl/jf/ t/fO{lt/ ;/]sf] 5 .
d pd]z 3/af6 lx“8\of] . d of] 3/ k"j{tkm{ kms]{sf] 5 .
oL jfSodf /ftf] cIf/df n]lvPsf zAbx¿ gfdof]uL x'g\ .
oL klg gfdof]uL x'g\ M ;d]t, afx]s, g]/, lglDt, nflu, h:t}, ¹}F, jfl/,
kfl/, cufl8, k5fl8, b]lv, dfly, adf]lhd,cg';f/
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 61
cEof;
!_ gfdof]uL zAb lrg]/ vfnL 7fp“df n]v M
xfdL, tkm{, /fd|f], sfnf], lt/, lsgeg], l;t, pgLx¿, eGbf, jfl/, vfG5, a:5g\,
;Dd, b]lv, tLtf], dfly, tkfO{+, ;Fu, lstfa, kl§
================ ================ ================ ================
================ ================ ================ ================
================ ================
@_ ldNbf] gfdof]uL zAb 5fg]/ vfnL 7fp“ e/ M
============
s_ lxhf] ltdL ;a} ljBfno cfP . -dfq, afx]s_
============
v_ g]kfnsf] pQ/ lxdfn} lxdfn 5g\ . -nflu, tkm{_
============
u_ pld{nf :s'n cfPsL 5}g . -af6, afx]s_
============
3_ xfd|f] 3/ af6f] 5 . -af6, cufl8_
============
ª_ ltd|f] efO ltdL 5 . -h:t}, ¹}“_
============
r_ xfdL lxF8\bflxF8\b} hª\un k'Uof}F . -dfly, ;Dd_
============
5_ ¹f]nf lstfa 5 . -leq, tkm{_
#_ tnsf] cg'R5]b k9 clg gfdof]uL zAb lrg]/ vfnL 7fpFdf n]v M
alxgLn] 6]a'ndfly ¹f]nf /fvL . ¹f]nfaf6 lstfa lgsfnL . cfdfn] sf]7fleqaf6
p;nfO{ vfhf vfg af]nfpg'eof] . pm b"weGbf lrof vfg ?rfpF5] . pm 3/aflx/
ag]sf vfg]s'/f Tolt vfGg . pm 3/cufl8sf] rf}/df v]N5] .
================ ================ ================ ================
================ ================
62 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
$_ tnsf zAb /fv]/ jfSo agfpm M
===========================================================================
d cl3 M
===========================================================================
d kl5 M
===========================================================================
d dfly M
===========================================================================
d lt/ M
===========================================================================
d ;d]t M
$_ tnsf jfSox¿df ePsf gfdof]uL zAbdf wsf]{ tfg clg ltgnfO{ vfnL 7fpFdf
n]v M
======================================
d ;l/tfn] cfFvfel/ ufhn nfO5] .
======================================
d d}n] sljtf k9]kl5 ;a}n] tfnL ahfP .
======================================
d d}n] p;nfO{ rf}tf/f]g]/ e]6]F .
======================================
d dnfO{ lrofeGbf b"w g} dg k5{ .
======================================
d g]kfnLx¿ a'9];sfndf ;d]t sfd u5{g\ .
======================================
d d}n] tkfO{+n] eg]adf]lhd sfd u/]sf] 5' .
======================================
d d]/f] 3/ dlGb/b]lv k"j{kl§ 5 .
======================================
d xfdLn] cfdfafafsf] OR5fcg';f/ rNg'k5{ .
======================================
d ;fyLx¿ ufpFlt/ uP5g\ .
======================================
d pm 8fF8fkfl/ k'Uof] .
======================================
d p;n] xfdL;Fu ¹'6f] af]n]5 . .
======================================
d d}n] eg]h;/L ltdLn] sfd u¥of} t <
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 63
!) lj|mofljz]if0f
tnsf lrq / jfSox¿ Wofg lbP/ x]/ M
efO e';'Ss lgbfof] . ;'hg aflx/ lg:Sof] . /lagf :s'n uP/ cfO{ .
w/x/f Hofb} cUnf] 5 . r/f] e'/{ p8\of] . o'lgsf 5d5d gfR5] .
dfly lrq;Fu lbOPsf jfSodf /x]sf oL zAbx¿ km]l/ k9 .
e';'Ss, aflx/, uP/, Hofb}, e'/{, 5d5d
oL zAbx¿ lj|mofljz]if0f x'g\ .
jfSodf lj|mof jf ljz]if0fsf] ljz]iftf a'¹fpg cfpg] cJoo
zAb lj|mofljz]if0f xf] .
64 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
tnsf jfSox¿ cfjfh lgsfn]/ k9 M
d lalgtf cfÇgf] sfd v'?v'? u5{] . d d ljBfno uP/ kf7 k9\5' .
d lakf, ltdL /fd|/L gfR5\of} . d ;'hg cln b'Anf] 5 .
d a'af leq x'g'x'Gg . d xfdL rfF8} ;'T5f}F .
d pxfF ;a]/} p7\g'x'G5 . d lk|l:snf k9\g dg u5]{ .
d o'g'; ef]ln cfpg] 5 . d ltdL slxn] cfof} <
dflysf jfSodf gLnf] cIf/df n]lvPsf zAbx¿ lj|mofljz]if0f x'g\ .
of] klg ofb /fv x} ∕
jfSodf k|of]u ePsf lj|mof;“u s;/L < lsg < slt < sxf“ < slxn] <
eGg] k|Zg ubf{ pQ/sf] ¿kdf cfpg] cJoo lj|mofljz]if0f xf] .
tnsf jfSo¿ k9 M
d pm /fd|/L gfR5 . s;/L gfR5 < – /fd|/L
d k'gLt vfgf vfg a:of] . lsg a:of] < – vfg
d k|;"g yf]/} vfG5 . slt vfG5 < – yf]/}
d pgLx¿ ef]ln cfpg] 5g\ . slxn] cfp g]5g\ < – ef]ln
d d aflx/ hfGgF . stf hfGgF < – aflx/
jfSodf k|of]u ePsf lj|mof;“u sxfF< eGg] k|Zg ubf{ pQ/sf] ¿kdf
cfpg] zAb lj|mofljz]if0f xf] .
sxfF < leq tn cufl8 aflx/ 6f9f
dfly d'lg k5fl8 jfl/ kfl/
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 65
jfSodf k|of]u ePsf lj|mof;“u s;/L < eGg] k|Zg ubf{ pQ/sf] ¿kdf
cfpg] zAb lj|mofljz]if0f xf] .
/fd|/L la:tf/} bf}8]/ d';'Ss
s;/L <
v'?v'? e'/{ a]:;/L Kof§
jfSodf k|of]u ePsf lj|mof;“u slxn] < eGg] k|Zg ubf{ pQ/sf] ¿kdf
cfpg] zAb lj|mofljz]if0f xf] .
slxn] < cfh lxhf] lbpF;f] e/] k/f/
ef]ln kf]xf]/ clxn] kl;{
cl:t
lsg < eGg] k|Zgsf] pQ/df cfpg] zAbx¿ klg lj|mofljz]if0f x'g\ .
k9\g ug{ ;'Gg agfpg
lsg <
To;} TolQs} xfF:g af]Ng
cEof;
!_ lj|mofljz]if0f zAb lrg]/ uf]nf] 3]/f nufpm M
;'6'Ss cfof] sfn] hfG5
ef]ln kf] ;Fu 5}g
lt/ cfh eGbf /fd|f]
x} cfxf slxNo} Kof/f]
cfTyf t/ /fd|/L 7d7d
66 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
@_ hf]8f ldnfpm M
yrSs /f]lsg'
e';'Ss s:g'
6g6g lxF8\g'
km6fkm6 rls{g'
r/Ss pleg'
l7ª\ª a:g'
6Ss gfRg'
3'FSs3'FSs x]g'{
d';'Ss ?g'
k'n'Ss lal;{g'
5d5d xfF:g'
#_ afs;af6 ldNbf] lj|mofljz]if0f zAb 5fg]/ jfSo k"/f u/ M
====================
s_ /]xfg cfÇgf] sfd u5{ .
====================
v_ cfo'dn] lj/f6nfO{ lk6\of] .
====================
u_ p;n] u[xsfo{ hfg]g . Kof§, v'?v'?, ug{,
====================
3_ ltdLn] dnfO{ ;tfof} . o;kfln, lxhf], cr]n,
====================
ª_ v':g'/ 3/d} a:5] . ;'6'Ss, Hofb}, Nofpg, 3'Dg
====================
r_ d labfdf sf7df8f}F hfg] 5' .
====================
5_ kf;fªn] u[xsfo{ u/]sf] sfkL la;]{5 .
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 67
===========
h_ cfh{n s]xL gaf]nL leq k:of] .
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¹_ efOalxgLx¿ ahf/ uPsf 5g\ .
====================
`_ a]:;/L hf8f] eof] .
$_ tnsf jfSox¿af6 lj|mofljz]if0f zAb lrg clg uf]nf] 3]/f nufpm M
s_ :jl:tsf ljBfnoaf6 ;/f;/ 3/ hfG5] .
v_ a'af vfgf vfP/ clkm; hfg'x'G5 clg ;fF¹ dfq kmls{g'x'G5 .
u_ pm lbglbg} gofF s'/f l;S5 .
3_ d lbpF;f] ;'lTbgF .
ª_ ef]ln xfd|f] ljBfno aGb /xg] 5 .
r_ km/fg xft wf]P/ vfhf vfG5 .
5_ rf]/ ;'6'Ss k;]5 .
%_ tnsf jfSox¿df km/s /ªdf n]lvPsf zAb gfdof]uL jf lj|mofljz]if0f s]
x'g\, lrg M
=========================
s_ 5fgf]dfly r/f] a;]sf] 5 . gfdof]uL
=========================
v_ r/f] dfly p8\b} 5 .
=========================
u_ cfdf aflx/ hfg'eof] .
=========================
3_ d 3/aflx/ lgl:sPF .
=========================
ª_ la/fnf] leq k:of] .
=========================
r_ d';f] b'nf]leq k:of] .
=========================
5_ ufO{ 3/cufl8 rb}{ 5 .
=========================
h_ pm cufl8 uof] .
=========================
¹_ 8fF8fdfly 3fd nfUof] .
68 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
=========================
`_ ltdL dfly hfpm .
^_ sf]i7saf6 ldNg] lj|mofljz]if0f zAb 5fg]/ vfnL 7fpFdf n]v M
================
s_ udL{df lhpdf kl;gf cfpF5 . -vnvn, ysys_
================
v_ kftaf6 zLtsf] yf]kf r'lxof] . -¹/¹/, tktk_
================
u_ p;n] kfln; bn]/ h'Qf 6NsfP5 . -;'6'Ss, l6lnSs_
================
3_ uf8L /f]lsof] . -£ofRr, 6's'6's'_
================
ª_ p?iffn] u[xsfo{ ug{ lal;{5] . -d';'Ss, e';'Ss_
================
r_ 6'sL aNb} 5 . -6's'6's', lknlkn_
================
5_ ltdLn] dnfO{ x]¥of} t/ af]n]gf} . -6Ss, k'n'Ss_
================
h_ pgLx¿ 3/ kmls{P . -k9]/, k9\g_
&_ tnsf lj|mofljz]if0f zAb /fv]/ jfSo agfpm M
======================================================================
d k9]/ M
======================================================================
d d';'Ss M
======================================================================
d la:tf/} M
======================================================================
d lxhf] M
======================================================================
d Toxf“ M
======================================================================
d ¹dSs M
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 69
!) ;+of]hs
lrq x]/ clg jfSox¿ Wofg lbP/ k9 M
/ltof, /f]ldof / ;f}Dof efO df]6f] 5 t/ d 3/ hfG5' clg vfhf
;fyL x'g\ . bfO b'Anf] 5 . vfG5' .
s'zn v';L eof] lsgeg] ltdLn] uLt ufof} eg] dnfO{ ;Grf] ePg To;}n]
pm k|yd eof] . d gfR5' . d cfOgF .
dfly lrq;“u lbOPsf jfSox¿df /ftf] cIf/df n]lvPsf zAbx¿ ;+of]hs
x'g\ . ;+of]hsn] b'O{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L zAb tyf jfSox¿nfO{ hf]8\g] sfd u5{ .
70 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
;+of]hs M b'O{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L zAb tyf jfSonfO{ hf]8\g k|of]u ul/g] cJoo zAbnfO{
;+of]hs elgG5 . tnsf zAbx¿ ;+of]hs x'g\ .
/, t/, klg, clg, lsgls, lsgeg], gq, jf, k/Gt', lsGt', t;y{, ls, tyf
of] klg ofb /fv x} ∕
;+of]hsn] zAbx¿nfO{ hf]8\g] sfd u5{ . tnsf jfSox¿df ;+of]hsn]
zAbx¿nfO{ hf]8]sf] 5 . Wofg lbP/ k9 M
d /fd, Zofd / xl/ ljBfno hfG5g\ . d :ofp, ;'Gtnf jf cfFk s] NofpFm <
d lrof ls skmL s] ?rfpg'x'G5 < d b;}F, ltxf/ tyf 57 kj{sf] z'esfdgf .
;+of]hsn] jfSox¿nfO{ hf]8\g] sfd u5{ . tnsf jfSox¿df ;+of]hsn]
jfSox¿nfO{ hf]8]sf] 5 . Wofg lbP/ k9 M
d cfdf laxfg rfF8} p7\g'x'G5 clg 3'Dg hfg'x'G5 .
d kfgL k¥of] eg] hf8f] a9\5 .
d bof/fd ul/a 5 t/ ;fx|} ldlxg]tL 5 .
d d ltdL;Fu hfGgF lsgls d]/f] u[xsfo{ k"/f ug'{k5{ .
d d lrof klg vfGgF skmL klg vfGgF .
d ldlxg]t u/]/ k9 gq kf; x'Fb}gf} .
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 71
cEof;
!_ tnsf afs;af6 ;+of]hs zAb lrg]/ uf]nf] 3]/f nufpm M
;f}uft, lt/, ;do, /, lstfa, ;Fu, adf]lhd, t/, lsGt', ;//, ;u/dfyf, xfdL,
d]/f], k/Gt', pm, eg], ;Gb]z, sdfO, clg, lsgls, k9L, xl/, of], of]u]z, ls,
tfklg, ;lxb, ;+;f/, t;y{, stf, jf, 6]lnkmf]g, ls, gq, tdf;f, tyf
@_ sf]i7saf6 ldNg] ;+of]hs 5fg]/ vfnL 7fpFdf n]v M
============
s_ d 3/ hfG5' u[[xsfo{ u5'{ . -t/, /_
======
v_ /]g'sfn] /fd|f lrq agfO{ pm k|ltof]lutfdf k|yd eO{ . -To;}n], klg_
============
u_ el/ofn] ef/L af]Sof] k};f kfPg . -/, t/_
============
3_ ca 3fd nfUb}g cfsfzdf afbn lgl:sof] . -lsgeg], eg]_
============
ª_ ltdL cfof} d klg hfG5' . -eg], lsgls_
============
r_ /df klg cfO{ /fd cfof] . -t/, klg_
============
5_ ltdL bfO efOnfO{ af]nfpm . -jf, t/_
#_ ;+of]hs lrg]/ uf]nf] 3]/f nufpm M
s_ ltdL ToxfF hfpm / k"mn l6k .
v_ /fd jf ZofddWo] Ps hgf t cfpnfg\ .
u_ d}n] t s]xL eg]sf] xf]Og t/ ltdL lsg l/;fof} <
3_ k'isn cfof] lsGt' k|;"g cfPg .
ª_ efO k|yd eof] lsgeg] p;n] w]/} k9]sf] lyof] .
r_ ltdL k9 x} gq c;kmn x'g] 5f} .
5_ ls ltdL cfpm ls d cfpF5' .
h_ ltdL laxfg} p7 clg k9\g a; .
72 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
$_ tnsf ;+of]hs k|of]u u/L jfSo agfpm M
=======================================================================
d / M .
=======================================================================
d clg M .
=======================================================================
d t/ M .
=======================================================================
d tyf M .
=======================================================================
d clg M .
=======================================================================
d klg M .
=======================================================================
d lsGt' M .
=======================================================================
d jf M .
=======================================================================
d lsgeg] M .
=======================================================================
d t;y{ M .
%_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 ;+of]hs lrg]/ vfnL 7fpFdf n]v M
/fd / nId0f b'O{ hgf bfh'efO lyP . pgLx¿ hª\undf uP . ToxfF pgLx¿n]
Pp6f k|f0fLnfO{ b]v] . Tof] dflg; jf /fIf; s] xf] egL pgLx¿n] 5'6\ofpg
;s]gg\ . pgLx¿ nª\sf uP lsgls /fdsL kTgL ;Ltf x/fPsL lyOg\ . ;Ltf
nª\sfdf lyOg\ t/ pgnfO{ /fj0fn] n'sfP/ /fv]sf] lyof] . /fd / /fj0fsf
aLrdf n8fOF eof] . /fdn] n8fOF lht] lsgls pgL ;Tosf] kIfdf lyP . /fdnId0fn]
;LtfnfO{ e]6] clg ;a} hgf :jb]z kmls{P .
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 73
!! lj:doflbaf]ws
lrq x]/ clg jfSox¿ Wofg lbP/ k9 M
cf]xf] ¤ slt nfdf] h'Fuf . cfDd} ¤ s:tf] df]6f] dfG5] .
l5 ¤ s:tf] kmf]xf]/ .
s7} ¤ of] s] ;'Gg'k¥of] .
cfTyf ¤ s:tf] kf]Nof] .
cfR5' ¤ s:tf] lr;f] kfgL .
dfly lrqnfO{ a'¹fpg cfPsf egfOx¿ x]/ – Toxf“ /ftf] cIf/df n]lvPsf
cf]xf], cfDd}, l5, s7}, cfR5', cfTyf h:tf zAbn] cfZro{, b'Mv, 3[0ff h:tf
efj k|:t't u/]sf 5g\ . oL zAbx¿ lj:doflbaf]ws x'g\ .
74 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
lj:doflbaf]ws M dfG5]sf] dgdf pAhg] cfZro{, v';L, 3[0ff, xif{ cflb a'¹fpg cfpg]
cJoo zAbnfO{ lj:doflbaf]ws elgG5 .
tnsf jfSox¿ x]/ / lj:doflbaf]ws zAb lrg M
d cfDd} ¤ ltdL t glrlgg] eP5f} . d l5 ¤ s:tf] kmf]xf]/ rnfPsf] xf]nf .
d cf]xf] ¤ ljBfno hfg l9nf eof] . d x/] ¤ pxf“ t laTg'eP5 .
d s7} ¤ Tof] s]6fn] k9\g kfPg5 . d cfTyf ¤ s:tf] kf]Nof] .
d P]øof ¤ s:tf] b'Vof] . d cfR5' ¤ ;fx|} hf8f] eof] .
d nf ¤ d}n] t e';'Ss} la;]{5' . d wt\ ¤ o:tf] ¹'6f] s'/f klg af]Ng] xf] .
d Hof ¤ clg; t km]n eP5 . d :ofaf; ¤ o:t} /fd|f] sfd ub}{ hfpm .
cEof;
!_ tnsf] afs;af6 lj:doflbaf]ws zAb lrg]/ vfnL 7fpFdf n]v M
s]6f], cfDd}, xfdL, l5M l5M, lt/, tyf, ;Dd, h]7f], s7}, /dfOnf], cfxf, k6Ss}, wt\,
lgod, cfTyf, dfdf, g]kfnL, P]øof, kv, pgLx¿, nf, o;/L, x/] lzj, cg's/0f,
s7}a/f, ;DklQ, cfR5', cfuf], :ofaf;, kfgL, cf]xf], bdsn, lar/f, sDKo'6/,
5\of, lg, jfx, x/], kf], pkm\, nf}glg, gf6s
================ ================ ================ ================
================ ================ ================ ================
================ ================ ================ ================
================ ================ ================ ================
================ ================ ================ ================
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 75
@_ hf]8f ldnfpm M
cfxf ¤ ltdL t k|yd eP5f} .
s7} ¤ s] grflxg] s'/f af]n]sf] <
cfTyf ¤ s:tf] kmf]xf]/L dfG5] /x]5 .
l5M l5M ¤ pm hf8f]n] sfDg yfn]5 .
:ofaf; ¤ cfuf]n] kf]Nof] .
wt\ ¤ slt ;'Gb/ k"mn /x]5 .
#_ tnsf lj:doflbaf]ws zAbnfO{ jfSodf k|of]u u/ M
======================================================================
d x/] lzj ¤ M
======================================================================
d P]of ¤ M
======================================================================
d cfDd} ¤ M
======================================================================
d cfR5' ¤ M
======================================================================
d cfxf ¤ M
======================================================================
d 5\of ¤ M
$_ sf]i7saf6 ldNg] lj:doflbaf]ws 5fg]/ vfnL 7fpFdf n]v M
==================
s_ slt dL7f] ;'Gtnf /x]5 . -cfxf ¤, l5 ¤_
==================
v_ slt 7"nf] xfQL . -cfDd} ¤, lar/f ¤_
==================
u_ slt hf8f] eof] . -cfxf ¤, cfR5' ¤_
76 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
==================
3_ d]/f] 6fpsf] 9f]sfdf 7f]lSsof] . -P]of ¤, cxf] ¤_
==================
ª pm t hf8f]n] n'un'u sfDb} 5 . -wt\ ¤, lar/f ¤_
==================
r_ ltdLn] o:t} sfd ub}{ hfg" . -:ofaf; ¤, 5\of ¤_
==================
5_ tF lsg olt ca]/ cfPsf] xF < -cfDd} ¤, s7} ¤_
==================
h_ To:tf] kmf]xf]/df v]Ng'x'Fb}g . -l5M l5M ¤, :ofaf; ¤_
==================
¹_ 8f]/L eg]/ ;dft]sf] t ;k{ kf] /x]5 . -cfxf ¤, nf}glg ¤_
==================
`_ ltdL t slt /fd|f eP5f} < -wQ]l/ ¤, cf]xf] ¤_
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 77
!@ lgkft
lrq x]/ clg jfSox¿ Wofg lbP/ k9 M
efO t k|yd eP5 . d}n] k'/:sf/ kfPF lg . v}, ¹f]nfdf s] 5 <
alxgL eg]sf],
efO kf] /x]5 . nf}, u'? klg
ltdLn] s] eGof}, xF < cfOk'Ug'eP5 .
dflysf lrq / cleJolQm x]/ . ToxfF /ftf] cIf/df n]lvPsf zAbsf] s'g} cy{
5}g t/ tL zAbn] egfOnfO{ cfsif{s agfPsf 5g\ . tL lgkft x'g\ .
lgkft M cfÇgf] 5'§} cy{ gx'g] t/ jfSodf c¿ zAbx¿;Fu ldn]/ cfpFbf zAbdf
ljz]if hf]8 lbg] zAbx¿ lgkft x'g\ .
nf}, v}, P, kf], lg, t, cx“, gfO“, Sof/], c/], /] cflb lgkft x'g\ .
78 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
tnsf jfSox¿ k9 clg lgkftsf] k|of]u a'¹ M
d cxF, d}n] tkfO{+nfO{ lrg]sf] 5}g . d P, s'/f] To;f] kf] /x]5 .
d nf}, ca cln rfF8f] hfcf}F . d v}, d}n] t s'/} a'l¹gF .
d ltdL t kf]v/f uPsf xf]Ogf} < d pm ef]ln ljBfno cfpg] 5 c/] .
d a'af cfh 3/ cfpg'x'Gg /] . d of] 7fpFsf] gfd e§]8fF8f xf] Sof/] .
cEof;
!_ vfnL 7fpFdf ldNg] lgkft 5fg]/ e/ M
===============
s_ ltdL oxfF kf] /x]5f} . -t, Sof/]_
===============
v_ tF ;kmn eO5];\ . -Aof/], lg_
===============
u_ ltdL oxfF s] u/]/ a;]sf] < -xF, kf]_
===============
3_ ltdLn] To;f] eg]/ sxfF x'G5 < -n, /_
===============
ª_ pgLx¿ jgef]h uPsf 5g\ . -/], cF_
===============
r_ sfG5f] cfof] eg]sf] h]7f] kf] cfP5 . -/, t_
===============
5_ ltdLn] s] eGb} lyof} < -cF, kf]_
===============
h_ ltdL l5§} cfpm . -kf], x}_
===============
¹_ ;'Tg] eP ;'t t . -n, g_
===============
`_ ltdL ykSs oxLF al;/fv . -Aof/], n_
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 79
@_ tnsf jfSox¿df /x]sf lgkft lrg]/ uf]nf] 3]/f nufpm M
s_ ;ndfg t crDdsf] dflg; /x]5 .
v_ 8f]/L eg]sf] t ;k{ kf] /x]5 .
u_ d}n] lg cfÇgf] sfd ;s]F .
3_ tkfO{+ 3/ hfg] eP hfg';\ g t .
ª_ alxgLn] ;a} sfd ;sL /] .
r_ ltdL ;/f;/ hfpm x} .
5_ d}n] lauf/]sf] xf]Og Aof/] .
h_ ToxfF b'3{6gf eP5 Sof/] .
¹_ nf} s:tf] grflxg] s'/f u/]sf] xF .
`_ ;fgf] efO sxfF hfG5 / <
#_ tnsf lgkft k|of]u u/]/ jfSodf k|of]u u/ M
===============================================================================
d t M
===============================================================================
d lg M
===============================================================================
d kf] M
===============================================================================
d nf} M
===============================================================================
d g M
===============================================================================
d lg M
===============================================================================
d xF M
80 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
$_ tnsf jfSoaf6 lgkft 5fg]/ afs;df ;f/ M
s_ d}n] t ltd|f] af/]df g} eg]sf] lyPF .
v_ pm slt 1fgL afns /x]5 x} .
u_ pxfFn] kf] dnfO{ af]nfpg'ePsf] /x]5 t .
3_ d k|yd x'g kfP t x'GYof] lg .
ª_ gfOF, d 3'Dg hfGgF <
r_ ltdL ;/f;/ hfpm g t .
5_ pm rflxF ;dodf g} cfPsf] lyof] t <
%_ tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /x]sf lgkftnfO{ lrg]/ ¿vsf kftx¿df n]v M
cfdfn] t d]/} nflu kf] ufnL ug'{ePsf] xf] lg . d eg] s] kf] ;f]Rg nfu]5' . t/ uNtL t
d}n] dfq} u/]sf] xf]Og Aof/] . P ;fFRr} bfh'n] d]/f] af/]df s'/f nufOlbg'eP5 Sof/] .
bfh'n] lxhf] cfdfnfO{ PSn} x'Fbf s]xL eGg'x'Fb} lyof] /] . ‘cF afa' tF oxLF a; x}, d
cfdf;Fu 3'd]/ cfpF5'’ eGb} bfh'n] eg]sf] s'/f t d}n] aNn kf] ;D¹]F . t/ s'/f s] kf]
/x]5 . ;To s'/f a'ˆg'knf{ lg . zª\sf ug{'eof] / < ePg lg .
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 81
!# ljelQm
tnsf lrqx¿ x]/ clg jfSox¿ Wofg lbP/ k9 M
¿vaf6 kft ¹¥of] . pm lxhf]b]lv la/fdL 5 .
of] /fdsf] 3/ xf] . 6]a'ndf lstfa 5 .
a'afn] dnfO{ lstfa lbg'eof] . cfdf rSs'n] t/sf/L sf6\g'x'G5 .
82 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
zAbsf] k5fl8 hf]l8g cfpg] n], af6, åf/f, nfO{, nflu, b]lv, sf], sf, sL,
/f], /f, /L, gf], gf, gL, df, dfly cflbnfO{ ljelQm elgG5 .
ljelQm k|of]u ePsf tnsf jfSox¿ k9 M
d d}n] d'gfdbg k9]sf] 5' .
d a'afaf6 cf1f eof] .
d lbbLn] dnfO{ rsn]6 lbg'eof] .
d cfdf rSs'n] t/sf/L sf6\g'x'G5 .
d /fdåf/f /fj0f dfl/of] .
d bfh'n] d]/f] nflu lstfa lsGg'eof] .
d kjgn] alxgLnfO{ v]nf}gf lbof] .
d ¿vaf6 kft ¹¥of] .
d pm lxhf]b]lv la/fdL 5 .
d d]/f] efO, cfÇgf] dfG5], /fdsf a'af xl/sL 5f]/L, d]/f ;fyLx¿
d 6]a'ndf P]gf 5 .
dflysf jfSox¿df cfPsf ljelQm lrg .
ljelQmnfO{ 5'§} n]Vbf cy{ cfp“b}g . h:t} M n], nfO{, sf], af6
cGo zAb;“u hf]l8P/ cfp“bf ljelQmn] ljz]if cy{ lbG5 .
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 83
ljelQm k|of]u ePsf tnsf jfSox¿ k9 M
d ¿vsf] xfFuf] efFlrP5 . d 5fgfdf k/]jf a;]sf] 5 .
d pm kf]v/faf6 cfPsf] 5}g . d xfdLn] tkfO{+nfO{ lrg]gf}F lg .
d efOn] alxgLnfO{ ?jfof] . d cfdf dlGb/af6 cfpg'xF'b} 5 .
d /lagf lxhf]b]lv ljBfno cfPsL 5}g . d 6]a'ndf lstfa 5 .
cEof;
!_ sf]i7saf6 vfnL 7fpFdf ldNg] ljelQm lrÅg e/ M
=============
s_ ltdL vfgf vfof} . -n],nfO{,sf]_
=============
v_ cfdf 3/ x'g'x'G5 . -df, sf], nfO{_
=============
u_ afafn] d]/f snd NofOlbg'eof] . -åf/f, af6, nflu_
=============
3_ d lxhf] laxfg l56f] p7\b} 5' . -b]lv, n], df_
=============
ª_ u'? sIffdf dL7f] sljtf ;'gfpg'eof] . -af6, n], nflu_
=============
r_ p; afgL /fd|f] 5}g . -sf], dfly, nfO{_
@_ ljelQm lrÅgdf uf]nf] 3]/f - _ nufpm M
g]kfn ;Fu w]/} nfO{
zfGt ¹'k8L n] s]
nflu ufO{ cg';f/ sfG5f]
lt/ af6 ¹/gf /dfOnf]
df sfnf] ;Fu} ;//
84 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
#_ cfjZos 7fpFdf ljelQm /fv]/ jfSo ;f/ M
=========================================
s_ efO alxgL af]nfof] .
=========================================
v_ lxdfn lxpF k/]sf] 5 .
=========================================
u_ ;Gtf]if dfdf3/ ;'Gtnf Nofof] .
=========================================
3_ ltdLx¿ d lsg af]nfof} <
=========================================
ª_ ¿v kmn e'OF ¹¥of] .
=========================================
r_ /f]xg n6\7L ;k{ df¥of] .
=========================================
5_ rfd] uf}FynL lk6\of] .
=========================================
h_ d ltdL l/; p7\of] .
=========================================
¹_ /d]z 3/ eQmk'/ 5 .
=========================================
`_ pm d s]xL eg]g .
$_ hf]8f ldnfpm M
alxgLn] d]nf nfu]sf] 5 .
cfdfnfO{ lxhf] cfOk'u]F .
ufpFdf /fd|f] lrq agfOg\ .
d kf]v/fb]lv afafn] gofF sk8f NofOlbg'eof] .
xfd|f ?3fn] ;tfof] .
d]/f nflu u'?x¿n] xfdLnfO{ dfof ug'{x'G5 .
%_ tnsf ljelQm nufP/ jfSo agfpm M
============================================================================
d nfO{ M
===============================================================================
d n] M
============================================================================
d df M
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 85
============================================================================
d sf] M
============================================================================
d b]lv M
============================================================================
d lglDt M
^_ tnsf] tflnsfaf6 jfSo agfP/ vfnL 7fpFdf n]v M
===================================================
d 3/ nfO{ cfb/ u5f}{F .
===================================================
xfdL n] alxgL
cfdfafaf /f]O/xG5] .
===================================================
z/0f af6 lxpF k¥of] .
====================================================
lxdfn sL sljtf n]v] .
===================================================
slj df ljBfno uPF .
&_ tnsf] cg'R5]b k9 / aLraLrdf 5'6]sf ljelQmx¿ e/ M
=========== ===========
d}n] sIff b'O{ /fd|f];Fu k9]sf] lyPF . d]/f] k9fO b]v]/ u'?x¿
=========== =======
klg d w]/} dfof ug'{x'GYof] . d klg d}n] /fd|f] cª\s kfPF . d
=========== ===========
sIff bf];|f] ePF . ;f}/e d}n]eGbf w]/} cª\s Nofof] . pm k|yd
=========== ===========
eof] . afafn] d]/f ;fOsn NofOlbg'eof] . sIff b'O{ sIff tLg
=========== ===========
cfpFbf d}n] c¹} ldlxg]t u/]F . d}n] ljBfno dfq} xf]Og 3/
=========== ===========
klg w]/} k9\g] u/]sf] 5' . d]/f nflu afaf gofFgofF lstfax¿
===========
klg NofOlbg'ePsf] 5 . d sIff tLg t kSs} klg k|yd x'g] 5' .
86 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
!$ s/0f–cs/0f
lrq x]/ clg jfSox¿ Wofg lbP/ k9 M
hl:dgf u[xsfo{ u5]{ . o'u]g rsrs ub}{g . cGhg es'G8f] v]N5 .
kf/; v]nf8L xf] . xl/j+z 8fS6/ xf]Ogg\ . cl:dtf es'G8f] v]lNbg .
dfly lrq;Fu} lbOPsf jfSox¿ k9 . tL jfSodf /ftf] cIf/df n]lvPsf
zAbx¿n] xf] jf xf]Og tyf 5 jf 5}g eGg] cy{ lbPsf 5g\ . h:t} M
u5]{, ub}{g, v]N5, v]lNbg, xf], xf]Og
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 87
tnsf jfSox¿ k9 M
;d"x s ;d"x v
d k'gd u[xsfo{ u5]{ . → k'gd u[xsfo{ ulb{g .
d ltdLn] dnfO{ af]nfof} . → ltdLn] dnfO{ af]nfPgf} .
d cr{g ;fx|} rsrs u5{ . → cr{g slQ rsrs ub}{g .
d ;'/h cfsfz;“u a:5 . → ;'/h cfsfz;Fu a:b}g .
d af6f] lxnf] 5 . → af6f] lxnf] 5}g .
d cfdf 3/df x'g'x'G5 . → cfdf 3/df x'g'x'Gg .
d ltdL zlgaf/ ljBfno hfG5f} . → ltdL zlgaf/ ljBfno hfFb}gf} .
xf] jf 5 eGg] cy{ lbg cfpg] lj|mofsf] ¿knfO{ s/0f elgG5 . dfly
;d"x s df lbOPsf jfSodf /x]sf u5]{, af]nfof}, u5{, a:5, 5, x'g'x'G5,
hfG5f} s/0f a'¹fpg] lj|mof x'g\ . oL s/0f jfSox¿ x'g\ .
xf]Og jf 5}g eGg] cy{ lbg cfpg] lj|mofsf] ¿knfO{ cs/0f elgG5 . dfly
;d"x v df lbOPsf jfSodf /x]sf ulb{g, af]nfPgf}, ub}{g, a:b}g, 5}g,
x'g'x'Gg, hfFb}gf} cs/0f a'¹fpg] lj|mof x'g\ . tL cs/0f jfSox¿ x'g\ .
of] klg ofb /fv x} ∕
s/0fn] s'g} klg s'/f xf], x'G5, eof] jf x'g] 5 eGg] cy{ lbG5 .
cs/0fn] s'g} klg s'/f xf]Og, x'“b}g, ePg, x'g] 5}g eGg] cy{ lbG5 .
s/0fnfO{ cs/0fdf kl/jt{g ubf{ lj|mofdf g yKg'k5{ M h:t}
a:of] – a;]g xf“:5 – xf“:b}g n]V5g\ – n]Vb}gg\
cfP – cfPgg\ eG5;\ – eGb}g;\ ;'G5] – ;'lGbg
n]Vg'x'G5 – n]Vg'x'Gg af]N5f}“ – af]Nb}gf}“ p7] – p7]gg\
b]v]“ – b]lvg“ hfg] 5f} – hfg] 5}gf} k9\g] 5g\ – k9\g] 5}gg\
88 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
cEof;
!_ tnsf zAbx¿dWo] s/0f zAbdf /]hf -á_ nufpm M
k9\b}g hfg'eof] lxF8\b}gy] vfFb} lyPgg\
hfg] 5}gg\ lbPg5g\ ;'Gb}g ;'t]5g\
k9\g'eof] u/]gg\ 3'Dg] 5}gg\ /dfpFlbgg\
kfpg'ePg5 xf] 5}g n]Vb} x'g] 5}gg\
x'sf{pg'ePg n]lVbgg\ ?lG5g\ uOg
@_ cs/0f zAbdf /]hf -á_ nufpm M
n]Vg'eP5 k9]g5 ?Fb} lyO{ lbg'x'GYof]
v]NyL b'Anfpg'eP5 /dfpF5g\ af]Nb}gYof}F
lbg'x'GgYof] /lGsof] wf]of] lgsflnlbOg\
s]nfpFl5g\ hfg'xF'b} 5}g k9\g'k5{ /f]O5] .
lbFb}g k9fpg'x'G5 n]vfpF5' b]vfO{
#_ tnsf jfSox¿ s/0f jf cs/0f s] x'g\, lrg]/ n]v M
=====================
s_ bf]h]{ /fd|/L k9\5 .
=====================
v_ xfdL uLt ufpFb}gf}F .
=====================
u_ lh1f;f 3/ uOg5] .
=====================
3_ pm k/LIffdf k|yd eof] .
=====================
ª_ ltgLx¿ ljBfyL{ xf]Ogg\ .
=====================
r_ d g/fd|f] sfd ulb{gF .
=====================
5_ ltdL otf cfpm .
=====================
h_ tkfO{+n] vfgf vfg'ePg .
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 89
=====================
¹_ bfh' / efO ;Fu} k9\y] .
=====================
`_ tF hyfefjL 8'n]/ glxF8\ .
$_ tnsf s/0f jfSonfO{ cs/0fdf abn M
=====================
s_ d vfgf vfG5' .
=====================
v_ lbbLn] uLt ufpg'eof] .
=====================
u_ xfdL sIff b'O{df k9\5f}F .
=====================
3_ ltgLx¿ ;/f;/ uP .
=====================
ª_ ltdL sljtf n]V5f} .
=====================
r_ tF cfÇgf] b]zd} a:5;\ .
%_ tnsf cs/0f jfSonfO{ s/0fdf abn M
==========================================
s_ tkfO{Fn] k':ts k9\g'ePg5 .
==========================================
v_ d ¿vdf r9\lbgF .
==========================================
u_ tF sIff b'O{df k9\b}g;\ .
==========================================
3_ xfdL rs6Ldf a:b}gf}F .
==========================================
ª_ gfgL 3/ cfOg .
==========================================
r_ ltdL dfdf3/ uOgf} .
^_ tnsf jfSonfO{ s/0f eP 7Ls -µ_ / cs/0f eP -Â_ a]7Ls lrÅg nufpm M
s_ d's'Gb 3'Dg hfFb}g .
v_ ltgLx¿ kxf8 r9\b}gg\ .
u_ xfdL v]n v]N5f}F .
3_ ltdL w]/} u'lnof] gvfpm .
90 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
ª_ ;fdfg t/fh'df hf]lvG5 .
r_ /Ghgf / /ldtf st} 8'Nb}gy] .
&_ pbfx/0fdf lbOPh:t} tnsf lj|mofnfO{ cs/0fdf abn M
hfG5 – hfFb}g uof] – uPg hfg] 5 – hfg] 5}g
hfFb}g
v]N5 – v]Nof] – v]Ng] 5 –
vfG5' – vfPF – vfg] 5' –
;'T5f}F – ;'Tof}F – ;'Tg] 5f}F –
8'lN5g\ – 8'lng\ – 8'Ng] l5g\ –
*_ ;ª\s]tsf] ;xfotfn] jfSo kl/jt{g u/ M
s_ d 3/ hfG5' . -cs/0f_
================================================================================
v_ ltdLx¿ Wofg lbP/ k9\b} 5}gf} . -s/0f_
================================================================================
u_ ljBfyL{x¿ km'6an v]Ny] . -cs/0f_
================================================================================
3_ cfdfn] dnfO{ 3'Dg n}hfg'ePg . -s/0f_
================================================================================
ª_ ltgLx¿ ;/f;/ hfg] 5g\ . -cs/0f_
================================================================================
(_ tnsf] cg'R5]b k9 / s/0f / cs/0fsf lj|mofnfO{ 5'§f5'§} tflnsfdf ;f/ M
:jl:tsf b'O{ sIffdf k9\5] . p;nfO{ w'nf]df v]Ng dg kb}{g . pm ;kmf 7fpFdf v]N5] .
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 91
pm kmf]xf]/ n'uf nufpFlbg . p;sf n'uf hlxn] klg ;kmf / ;'lsnf b]lvG5g\ . pm
c;fWo} ldlxg]tL 5] . pm k9fOdf v'a Wofg lbG5] . p;n] /fd|f lrq agfpg hfg]sL
5] . pm hfFrdf c¿n] n]v]sf] ;flb{g . pm cfk"mn] hfg]sf] dfq n]V5] . pm af;L vfg]s'/f
vfFlbg . cfdfafafn] eg]sf] dfG5] . pm s;};Fu ¹u8f ulb{g . p;sf] afgLJoxf]/f
;a}nfO{ dg k5{ .
s/0f lj|mofx¿ cs/0f lj|mofx¿
92 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
!% sfn
lrq x]/ clg jfSox¿ Wofg lbP/ k9 M
lkm/f]h ljBfno uof] . cfl;sf u[xsfo{ u5]{ . l/t]g es'G8f] v]Ng] 5 .
alxgL 3/ uO{ . ;'hg uLt ufpF5 . cfdf dlGb/ hfg'x'g] 5 .
dfly lrq;Fu} lbOPsf jfSox¿ k9 . tL jfSodf /ftf] cIf/df n]lvPsf zAbx¿n]
sfdsf] ;do a'¹fPsf 5g\ . sfdsf] ;do a'¹fpg] lj|mofsf] ¿k sfn xf] .
uof], u5]{, v]Ng] 5g\, uO{, ufpF5, hfg'x'g] 5
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 93
klxn]sf] ;do clxn]sf] ;do kl5sf] ;do
ltdLn] sfd u¥of} . ltdL sfd u5f}{ . ltdL sfd ug]{ 5f} .
sfn tLg k|sf/sf 5g\ .
klxn]sf] ;do jf lat]sf] ;donfO{ a'¹fpg] lj|mofsf] ¿k e"t sfn xf] . e"t
sfnn] sfd eO;s]sf] cj:yfnfO{ a'¹fp“5 . vfP“, vfof}“, vfO;\, vfof}, vfg'eof],
vfof], vfO{, vfOg\, vfP e"t sfnsf lj|mof x'g\ .
e"t sfnsf lj|mof s;/L aG5g\, tnsf] pbfx/0f x]/ M
k9\ ± P“ Ö k9]“ k9\ ± of}“ Ö k9\of}“ k9\ ± O;\ Ö kl9;\
k9\ ± of} Ö k9\of} k9\ ± g'eof] Ö k9\g'eof] k9\ ± of] Ö k9\of]
k9\ ± O{ Ö k9L k9\ ± Og\ Ö kl9g\ k9\ ± P Ö k9]
e"t sfnsf jfSox¿ k9 M
lxhf] kfgL k¥of] . d}n] u[xsfo{ u/]F .
lyGn]n] :ofp vfof] . ;'ldgn] lkª v]Nof] .
ltdL lxhf] sxfF uof} < u'?cfdf cfpg'ePg .
alxgLn] t/sf/L s]nfO{ . ljBfyL{x¿ 3'Dg uP .
cfdfn] vfgf ksfpg'eof] . efO a]:;/L /f]of] .
94 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
sfdsf] clxn]sf] ;donfO{ a'¹fpg] lj|mofsf] ¿knfO{ jt{dfg sfn elgG5 .
jt{dfg sfnn] sfdsf] clxn]sf] ;donfO{ a'¹fp“5 . k9\5', vfG5f}F, a:5;\,
n]V5f}, hfg'x'G5, af]N5, p7\l5g\ cflb jt{dfg sfnsf lj|mof x'g\ .
jt{dfg sfnsf lj|mof s;/L aG5g\, pbfx/0f x]/ M
k9\ ± 5' Ö k9\5' k9\ ± 5f}“ Ö k9\5f}“ k9\ ± 5;\ Ö k9\5;\
k9\ ± 5f} Ö k9\5f} k9\ ± g'x'G5 Ö k9\g'x'G5 k9\ ± 5 Ö k9\5
k9\ ± 5] Ö k9\5] k9\ ± l5g\ Ö k9\l5g\ k9\ ± 5g\ Ö k9\5g\
tnsf jfSox¿ k9 M
d lbbL a}ª\sdf sfd ug'{x'G5 . d a'af df]6/;fOsn rnfpg'x'G5 .
d alxgL 5d5dL gfR5] . d /jLGb| /fd|f lrq agfpF5 .
d d ;w}“ ljBfno hfG5' . d gf/fo0f sljtf n]V5g\ .
d tF s] vfG5;\ < d pm es'G8f] v]N5 .
d pgL ot} cfpFl5g\ . d xfdL g]kfndf a:5f}F .
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 95
eljiot\ eg]sf] kl5sf] ;do xf] . cfpg] ;donfO{ jf laTg af“sL ;donfO{
eljiot\ sfn elgG5 . eljiot\ sfnn] kl5 x'g] sfdsf] ;donfO{ a'¹fp“5 .
hfg] 5', k9\g] 5g\, a:g] 5f}F, vfg] 5f}, cfpg'x'g] 5 cflb eljiot\ sfnsf lj|mof x'g\ .
eljiot\ sfnsf] lj|mof s;/L aG5, tnsf] pbfx/0f x]/ M
k9\ ± g] 5' Ö k9\g] 5' k9\ ± g] 5f}“ Ö k9\g] 5f}“ k9\ ± g] 5;\ Ö k9\g] 5;\
k9\ ± g] 5f} Ö k9\g] 5f} k9\ ± g'x'g] 5 Ö k9\g'x'g] 5 k9\ ± g] 5 Ö k9\g] 5
k9\ ± g] 5] Ö k9\g] 5] k9\ ± g] l5g\ Ö k9\g] l5g\ k9\ ± g] 5g\ Ö k9\g] 5g\
tnsf jfSox¿ k9 M
d ltdL c;n dfG5] aGg] 5f} . d xfdL k/LIffdf pQL0f{ x'g] 5f}F .
d lbbL lr7L n]Vg'x'g] 5 . d ;'lrqf ljb]z hfg] l5g\ .
d xfdL b;}Fdf ufpF hfg] 5f}F . d t“ d'gfdbg k9\g] 5;\ .
d ltdL oxfF cfpg] 5f} . d pxfF k'/f0f ;'Gg'x'g] 5 .
d u'? syf ;'gfpg'x'g] 5 . d d ;fOsn rnfpg l;Sg] 5' .
cEof;
!_ tnsf jfSo s'gs'g sfnsf x'g\, 5'6\ofP/ n]v M
==============================
s_ snfsf/n] dL7f] uLt ufP .
==============================
v_ xfd|f] ljBfnodf z'j|mjf/ gfrufg x'g] 5 .
==============================
u_ u'?cfdf xfdL ;a}nfO{ dfof ug'{x'G5 .
96 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
==============================
3_ x'/Ln] 3/6x/fx¿ p8fof] .
==============================
ª_ d csf]{ ;fn dgsfdgf hfg] 5' . .
==============================
r_ uf}td a'4n] 1fgu'gsf s'/f l;sfP .
@_ pbfx/0fdf lbOPh;/L jt{dfg, e"t / eljiot\ sfnsf lj|mofx¿ agfpm M
jt{dfg sfn e"t sfn eljiot\ sfn
======================= ======================= =======================
hf hfG5 uof] hfg] 5
======================= ======================= =======================
vf
======================= ======================= =======================
k9\
======================= ======================= =======================
;'g\
======================= ======================= =======================
xfF;\
======================= ======================= =======================
/dfp
======================= ======================= =======================
lxF8\
#_ sf]i7saf6 jt{dfg sfnsf] lj|mof 5fg]/ vfnL 7fpF e/ M
==========================
s_ alxgL lrq . -sf]l5{g\, sf]l/g\, sf]g]{ l5g\_
==========================
v_ pgLx¿ w]/} . -v]n], v]Ng] 5g\, v]N5g\_
==========================
u_ d lbglbg} u[xsfo{ . -u5'{, u/]F, ug]{ 5'_
==========================
3_ /ldnfn] sk8f a'Gg . -hfgL, hfGb5], hfGg] 5]_
==========================
ª_ cfdf / afaf ;x/lt/ . -3'Dg'eof], 3'Dg'x'G5,
3'Dg'x'g] 5_
==========================
r_ ltdL gofF kf7 . -k9\5f}, k9\of}, k9\g] 5f}_
==========================
5_ z]kf{ bfh' ;u/dfyf . -r9\g] 5g\, r9], r9\5g\_
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 97
$_ tnsf jfSonfO{ eljiot\ sfndf abn M
============================================
s_ ;'Gb/ 3/d} a:of] .
============================================
v_ lbbL sk8f w'g'x'Fb} 5 .
============================================
u_ ltdL 3/d} a:5f} .
============================================
3_ ;lGrtf klg ;kmn x'G5] .
============================================
ª_ pgLx¿ 7"nf dfG5] ag]sf 5g\ .
============================================
r_ r/f] ¿vdf a;]/ s/fof] .
============================================
5_ pxfF pkb]z lbg'x'Fb} 5 .
============================================
h_ tF dfdf3/ hfG5;\ .
%_ tnsf jfSox¿nfO{ jt{dfg sfndf abn .
============================================
s_ d b]zsf] ;]jf ug]{ 5' .
============================================
v_ xfdL ;Fu;Fu} k9\g] 5f}F .
============================================
u_ tF sxfF uPsf] lyO;\<
============================================
3_ tkfO{+ uLt ;'Gg'x'g] 5 .
============================================
ª_ ltdL es'G8f] v]Nb} lyof} .
============================================
r_ pm af/Ldf t/sf/L l6Kg] 5] .
============================================
5_ bnaxfb'/ hfkfgaf6 cfP .
=======================================
h_ ;'lgtf dfbn ahfpg l;Sg] l5g\ .
============================================
¹_ u'?nfO{ ?3fn] ;tfPsf] 5 .
============================================
`_ pgLx¿ tf/f ug]/ a:g] 5g\ .
^_ tnsf jfSonfO{ e"t sfndf kl/jt{g u/ M
============================================
s_ ltdLx¿ kxf8lt/ hfG5f} .
98 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
============================================
v_ xfdL 5d5dL gfRb} 5f}F .
============================================
u_ ;f]lgsf dL7f] uLt ufpF5] .
============================================
3_ d ;a]/} p7\5' .
============================================
ª_ u'?x¿ d';'d';' xfF:g'x'Fb} 5 .
============================================
r_ ;fgL ;kgfdf af]N5] .
============================================
5_ ltdL lsg 6f]nfpF5f} <
============================================
h_ tkfO{+ dnfO{ k9fpg'x'g] 5 .
============================================
¹_ s]6fs]6Lx¿ w]/} xNnf u5{g\ .
============================================
`_ lxdfndf w]/} lxpF k5{ .
&_ sf]i7sdf lbOPsf ;ª\s]tsf ;xfotfn] jfSo kl/jt{g u/ M
s_ ltdLx¿ stflt/ hfG5f} < -e"t sfn_
v_ ;'/]zx¿ ljb]z uP . -eljiot\ sfn_
u_ >L/fhn] /fd|f] clego u5{ . -e"t sfn_
3_ u'?n] km'6an v]nfpg'eof] . -jt{dfg sfn_
ª_ d}n] klg vfgf vfPF . -eljiot\ sfn_
r_ ;kgf ;kgfdf af]lN5g\ . -e"t sfn_
5_ k;n]n] k;n vf]Nof] . -jt{dfg sfn_
*_ tnsf lj|mof k|of]u u/]/ jfSo agfpm M
=============================================================
s_ b]V5f}F
=============================================================
v_ /f]O{
=============================================================
u_ bf}l8g] 5g\
=============================================================
3_ ksfpg'x'g] 5
;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff # 99
=============================================================
ª_ b]vfpF5
=============================================================
r_ v]Nof]
(_ tnsf] cg'R5]b k9 / tflnsfdf ldNg] lj|mof n]v M
g]kfndf ljsf;sf sfdx¿ x'Fb} 5g\ . oxfF w]/} af6f3f6f alg;s] . tL af6fx¿
c¹} /fd|f x'g] 5g\ . g]kfnLx¿n] w]/} cfzf u/]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿n] ;'vb'Mv ef]u] .
g]kfndf e"sDk klg uof] . g]kfnLx¿n] Pscsf{nfO{ ;fy lbG5g\ . c¿sf] b'Mvdf
pgLx¿ b'MvL x'G5g\ . oxfF kSs} klg kl/jt{g cfpg] 5 . g]kfnLx¿n] ;'v kfpg]
5g\ . hgtfx¿ ;'vL x'g] 5g\ . g]kfnsf] ;a}lt/ rrf{ x'g] 5 . kl/jt{gsf nflu ;a}n]
ldn]/ sfd ug'{k5{ . oxfF ;a} ;Dej x'g] 5 .
jt{dfg sfn e"t sfn eljiot\ sfn
!)_ pbfx/0fdf lbOPh:t} ldNg] zAbx¿ /fv]/ jfSo k"/f u/ M
pbfx/0f M d 5d5dL gfR5' . xfdL 5d5dL gfR5f}F .
======================= ==========================
tF 5d5dL . ltdL 5d5dL .
=================== ============================
tkfO{++ 5d5dL . pm 5d5dL .
==================== ======================
pgL 5d5dL . pgLx¿ 5d5dL .
==================== ========================
/fd 5d5dL . /ljgf 5d5dL .
100 ;'gufef g]kfnL Jofs/0f sIff #
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