NEPALI 8

“”ȡ›Ȣ
ȯ






€¢ȡ J






Curriculum Development Centre




































ȯ
“”ȡ› š€ȡš

Ǔž¢ȡ ˜Ûğȡ›™

ȯ
”ȡәИ ǒ€ȡ €Ûġ


ȡ“ȪǑ‹˜Ȣ —Ơ”Ǖš

JNIQ/
@




V,II






Curriculum Development Centre















@
QYV
I IGU*E Q' IQ
_
_
IGN IE MIQ/












N_VI]V

JNIQ VI
@
O],II G*TIQR
NI RMPG OMVI V@*E _
?
_

IJIO G/ H6WN
@

@
NVI]V 0 JNIQ VI
_
O]I G*TIQR
@
_
NI RMPG OMVI V*E _
?
@
IJIO G/ H6WN



ISBN:
Curriculum Development Centre




_
© NVI]VGI




N\G V I 0 OM # #
_


















@
>
_
_
_
?
NI RMPG OMVI V*EVI OQOYW M/VOWODJI -RINIO V NRIKJVI QIOX R VI @
@
@
^
?

@
_
^
`




N MI FIO]V HIX [D[ NVI]J XJ NO MWJ X NVI]J XJ VJ OMERW/R

`
^
_
`
?
IZJ MI F*R NOMOZDI FOHQYDEZ XJ NOWOQON OJVI1J NI2J J
@
_
_
^
@

xfdf egfO
|
]

"
"
|
\
{
\
]
]
\
'
lzIffnfO pbbZodns, Jofjxfl/s, ;d;fdlos / /fhuf/dns agfpg ljleGg ;dodf kf7ojmd, kf7o k:ts
{
{
\
]
}
“
{
ljsf; tyf kl/dfhg ug sfonfO lg/Gt/tf lbOb cfPsf 5 . ljbofyLdf /fi6, /fli6o Pstf / nfstflGqs
«
«
]
{
]
{
;:sf/sf efjgf kbf u/fO gltstf, cgzf;g / :jfjnDag, l;hgzLntf h:tf ;fdflhs Pjd rfl/lqs u0f tyf
\
]
+
{
}
'
'
}
{
}
cfwf/et eflifs tyf ul0ftLo l;ksf ;fy lj1fg, k;f Joj;fo, ;rgf tyf ;~rf/ kljlw, jftfj/0f / :jf:Yo
|
]
"
"
]
]
"
'
"
{
}
;DaGwL cfwf/et 1fg / hLjgfkofuL l;ksf ljsf; u/fpg h?/L 5 . pgLx¿df snf / ;fGbo, dfgjLo dNo
]
+
]
\
]
+
]
|
{
]
{
{
}
dfGotf, cfbz / jlzi6ox¿sf ;/If0f tyf ;jwgkltsf efj hufpg cfjZos 5 . ;dfjzL ;dfhsf lgdf0fdf
Curriculum Development Centre
'
\
|
\
]
{
+
]
;xofu k¥ofpg pgLx¿df ljleGg hfthflt, lnªu, ckfªutf, efiff, wd, ;:slt / Ifqklt ;defj hufpg /
[
'
'
{
"
]
dfgj clwsf/ tyf ;fdflhs dNo dfGotfklt ;rt eO lhDdjf/Lk0f cfr/0fsf ljsf; u/fpg klg cfhsf ]
"
|
{
]
]
cfjZostf agsf 5 . cfwf/e"t lzIff kf7\oj|md -sIff ^–*_, @)^( nfO{ d"n cfwf/ dfgL lzIff ;DaGwL ljleGg
]
]
]
cfofusf ;emfj, lzIfs, ljbofyL tyf cleefjsnufot lzIff;u ;Dabw ljleGg JolSt ;lDdlnt ufi7L /
“
]
'
{
\
\
{
|
[
]
|
]
{
]
'
cGtljmofsf lgisif / ljleGg ljbofnodf k/LIf0f u/L kfKt ki7kfif0f ;dtnfO ;d6L of kf7o k:ts tof/
\
]
{
\
kfl/Psf] xf] .
kf7\o k':tsnfO{ o; :j¿kdf Nofpg] sfo{df s]Gb|sf sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs >L lbjfs/ 9'ª\u]n,
{
|
{
kf=8f= sbf/k;fb zdf, kf=8f=/fdgfy cfemf, /dzk;fb e66/fO, rGbsfGt e;fn, xl/k;fb lg/fnf, 8f= uLtf
|
\
|
}
|
]
'
]
|
|
]
]
]
'
]
{
]
'
|
'
]
v/n, dwk;fb ltldlN;gf, l;blwaxfb/ dxhgnufotsf dxfgefjsf ljzif ofubfg /xsf 5 . o; kf7o k:tssf ]
]
\
'
\
ljifo j:t ;Dkfbg /hgL lwdfn / efiff ;Dkfbg u0f]zk|;fb e6\6/fO{af6 ePsf] xf] . o; kf7\o k':tssf] ljsf; tyf
'
{
kl/dfhg sfodf ;nUg ;aklt kf7ojmd ljsf; sGb wGojfb ks6 ub5 .
|
{
\
]
|
{
}
|
+
|
"
{
\
{
|
\
]
kf7o k:tsnfO lzIf0f l;sfOsf dxTTjk0f ;fwgsf ¿kdf lnOG5 . o;af6 ljbofyLn kf7ojmdåf/f nlIft
]
{
\
'
\
;Ifdtf xfl;n ug dbbt kUg ckIff ul/Psf 5 . o; kf7o k:tsnfO ;s;Dd ljmofsnfkdvL / ?lrs/ agfpg ]
]
]
'
\
{
{
]
|
]
'
'
'
'
\
{
]
\
\
}
koTg ul/Psf 5 . kf7o k:tsnfO cem kl/ist kfgsf nflu lzIfs, ljbofyL, cleefjs, ablwhLjL Pjd ;Dk0f {
{
{
\
|
"
[
"
kf7sx¿sf ;dt dxTTjk0f eldsf /xg xbf ;Dabw ;asf /rgfTds ;emfjsf nflu kf7ojmd ljsf; sGb |
]
"
{
]
'
]
\
]
]
'
“
|
\
}
xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5 .
]
gkfn ;/sf/
lzIff dGqfno
kf7ojmd ljsf; sGb |
\
|
]
lj=;= @)&@
+

ljifo ;
""rL
rL
ljifo ;
ljifo ;"rL
ljifo ;"rL"rL
ljifo ;

?
>
M_P ]/LI^V OMZI NL v9RI
1 g]kfn sljtf 1
2= efUo syf 6
} Curriculum Development Centre
3= bjsdf/L yfkf hLjgL 14
]
'
|
|
4= uGylrq kaGw 23
5= lgj]bg lgj]bg 32
6= ldqtf syf 37
7= l;k / >d sljtf 47

"
]
\
8= eufnljb xs u?+ hLjgL 52
'
{
[
|
9= kslt / jftfj/)f kaGw 60
|
10= Pp^f #^gf syf 68
11= bfhnfO lr&L lr&L 75
{
'
12= d/f #/ sljtf 80
]
]
13= lj!fg clezfk geO j/bfg jfb ljjfb 84
{
'
14= ;flxTosf/ /jLGb|gfy &fs/ hLjgL 95
15= &u ;dfltof ] syf 103
|
16= sDKo^/ / OG^/g^ kaGw 109
]
'
17= xfdL Pp^ xf F } Psf+\sL 115
18= cfxjfg sljtf 122
\
]
ª
19= l;x / :ofnsf syf syf 127
ª
]
[
|
20= gkfnL ;:slt kaGw 136
21= ;/ cfOHofs Go^g hLjgL 146
'
22= :jfledfg syf 156

kf& M 1
kf& M 1
kf& M 1
kf& M 1
kf& M 1
g g]kfng]kfn – l;b \\lwr/)f >]i&
] g]kfn
g]kfn
kfn
– l;b\lwr/)f >]i&\lwr/)f >]i&
– l;b
lwr/)f >
– l;b
i&
]
– l;b\lwr/)f >]i&
]
]
]
gkfn Kof/f / kljý bz
}
{
] cz]if .cz]if .
cz]if .
;fGbo wf/f axg cz]if .cz]if .
\
;+uLtsf dn km^L ljzfn
"
'
]
Curriculum Development Centre
\
]
} noab\wnoab\w %fn ..%fn ..
F noabw %fn ..
%NsL /x em noab\wnoab\w %fn ..%fn ..
kýký
'
{ kýkýkýký
kfgf vnf kjt kýkýkýký
ntf ljlrý .
%g j)f{j)f{{j)f{{ em jIf ntf ljlrý . ntf ljlrý .
\ j)f
j)f
}
[ ntf ljlrý . ntf ljlrý .
F
\
uxo dGý
]
vfnf, r/fsf Wjlg u'x\o dGýu'x\o dGý
x
o dGý
' u u'x\o dGý
'
]
\
\ ax'd"No tGý ..ax'd"No tGý ..
} ax'd"No tGý ..
gkfn l;+u ax'd"No tGý ..ax'd"No tGý ..
]
]
F
gof gof hLt cgs hf*b }
\
F
]
}
]
]
of bzsf OHht dfg yKb .
]
HofdL
HofdL, l;kfxL / ls;fgls;fg ;f/f
HofdL
ls;fg
HofdL
ls;fg
HofdL ls;fg
|
%g cfh xfdf alnof ;xf/f ..
\
|
dGý
]
]
dGý
cz]if
cz
cz]ifcz]if –;a, ;d:t dGý –bjbjLaf^ c;fwf/)f zlSt kfKt
cz
dGý
if
}
dGý
]]if
noab
noab
noab\w –;+\uLtdo, nx/df afFlwPsf]
{
noab\wnoab\w ug hlkg zAb jf jfSo, l;blw
\
]
\\w
w
]
]
%fn –jun aUbf aGg kfgLsf nx/, kfKt ug hlkg zAb, jbsf Crf
%fn
%fn
]
]
%fn
%fn
|
{
]
]
]
\
kfgLsf p&sf t/+u ax ax'd"Noax'd"No
]
]
No
ax'd"No – w]/} df]n kg]{, cgdf]n
' ax'd"No
d
"
ký ký
ký ký
ký ký – kfgkfgf tGý – bjbjLsf pkf;gf ug ljlw
ký ký
}
ký ký
tGý
tGý
]
{
]
]
tGý
tGý
]
j)f { – ¿k, /+, j)fdfnfsf cIf/ ePsf zf:ý jf ljbof, zf;g kbwlt
{
j)f
j)f{{{{
j)f
j)f
\
\
]
ntf
ntf
ntf
ntf
ntf – nx/f] HofdL
HofdL – Hofnfdf sfd ug{], dhb'/
HofdL
HofdL
HofdL
}
\
ljlrýý – /+uLr+uL, ljleGg /+sf, cgf&f ] ls;fg
ljlr
\
ljlrý
ljlrý
]
ljlr
ý
ls;fg
ls;fg – v]tLkftL ug{] JolSt
ls;fg
ls;fg
u u'x\ou'x\o –ufKo, /x:odo
\
]
o
u'x\o
' u'x\o
x
g]kfnL, sIff 8

]
]
]
of bzsf l;hgsf lgldTt
]
{
{
kvf{'vf{{x¿sf] kl;gf / /St .
{
vf
' k k'vf
' k k'vf
]
]
|
]
xfdf axsf % g;f g;fdf
}
{
*f¥ofpb :ju %g lbzfdf ..
F
]
'
]
ljklTt
ljklTt kbf klg xfl;xf;L
ljklTt
ljklTt
ljklTt { F F
tof/ e r(\g ;dt kmf;L .. .. .
F
]
}
F
afr arfP / /d /dfP
]
]
#if
;+#if{\#if{{n] of] dn's} hufP ..
;+ ;+ ;+\#if { { '
\ ;+\#if
\
'
k k'vfk k'vf { – afh a/fh, klxnsf k:tf, kjh
"
{
]
k'vf{{'vf{{
'
]
'
vf
ljklTt – cfkt \
ljklTt
ljklTt
ljklTt
ljklTt
;+\#if{{\#if{{
|
;+ #if { – jmflGt, n*fO F
;+ ;+\#if;+\#if
\
F(RI Curriculum Development Centre
F(RI
F(RI
F(RI
F(RI
…g …g]kfn’ sljtf ;fyLx¿;Fu ldnL ;d"xdf no ldnfP/ jfrg u/ .…g]kfn’ sljtf ;fyLx¿;Fu ldnL ;d"xdf no ldnfP/ jfrg u/ .
xdf no ldnfP/ jfrg u/
1= 1= 1= 1= 1= …g]kfn’ sljtf ;fyLx¿;Fu ldnL ;d"xdf no ldnfP/ jfrg u/ . .
"
u ldnL ;d
kfn’ sljtf ;fyLx¿;
] …g]kfn’ sljtf ;fyLx¿;Fu ldnL ;d"xdf no ldnfP/ jfrg u/ .
F
]
ldNg
ldNg] zAb %fgldNg] zAb %fg/ vfnL &fp
]]/ vfnL &fpF e/ MF e/ M
FF e/ M
ldNg
e/ M
F
]] zAb %fg/ vfnL &fp
zAb %fg
]
/ vfnL &fp
2= 2= 2= 2= 2= ldNg] zAb %fg/ vfnL &fp e/ M
]
F
]
;xf/f, Kof/f, kmf;L, kl;gf, ljho
{
]
|
-s_ xfdf bz xfdLnfO============== nfU% .
]
-v_ HofdL, l;kfxL / ls;fgx¿ o; bzsf ============ xg .
]
'
\
'
-u_ gkfnsf lgdf)fdf kvfx¿sf ============ ausf % .
]
{
]
{
]
]
]
]
{
\
'
-#_ of bz arfpg kvfx¿ ================ r(g;dt tof/ eP .
]
]
/f u/ M
'
sljtf
tn lbOPsf] sljtfªz k'/f u/ M
]
3= 3= 3= 3= 3= tn lbOPsf] sljtfªz k'/f u/ Mtn lbOPsf] sljtfªz k'/f u/ M
tn lbOPsf] sljtfªz k'/f u/ M
z k
ª
tn lbOPsf
]
]
gkfn Kof/f =====================================
}
;fGbo =================================== czif
{
]
"
'
========================== dn km^L ljzfn
F
================ em noabw =====================
}
\
]
gkfnL, sIff 8

4= tnsf k
4= tnsf k
||Zgx¿sf
||Zgx¿sf] pTt/ Ps jfSodf n]v M] pTt/ Ps jfSodf n]v M
4= tnsf k
4= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf ]] pTt/ Ps jfSodf n]v M
pTt/ Ps jfSodf n
Zgx¿sf
]
v M
]
4= tnsf kZgx¿sf pTt/ Ps jfSodf n]v M
-s_ kl;gfsf wf/f sxf axG%g <
F
\
|
-v_ xfdf kjtx¿ s h:tf %g <
{
]
\
|
\
-u_ xfdf alnof ;xf/f sf sf xg <
]
]
'
'
{
]
]
'
'
]
]
-#_ kvfn of dnsdf hfu/)f Nofpg s u/ <
tnsf k
tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] pTt/ b]pm M|Zgx¿sf] pTt/ b]pm M
tnsf k
Zgx¿sf
||Zgx¿sf] pTt/ b]pm M
]
5= 5= 5= 5= 5= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] pTt/ b]pm M
pTt/ b
]
tnsf k
pm M
[
Curriculum Development Centre
]
|
-s_ sljtfdf sljn gkfnsf kfslts ;Gb/tfsf j)fg s;/L u/sf %g, \
]
{
'
]
]
]
:ki^ kf/ .
{
]
]
]
{
]
{
]
'
|
-v_ sljtfdf xfdf kvfx¿n bzsf lglDt lbPsf ofubfgnfO s s;/L j)fg
ul/Psf] %, n]v .
'
d
…g …g]kfn’ sljtfsf] d'Vo efj n]v .…g]kfn’ sljtfsf] d'Vo efj n]v .
] …g]kfn’ sljtfsf] d'Vo efj n]v .
kfn’ sljtfsf
Vo efj n
v .
]
6= 6= 6= 6= 6= …g]kfn’ sljtfsf] d'Vo efj n]v .
]
JofVof u/ M
JofVof u/ M
7= 7= 7= 7= 7= JofVof u/ M
JofVof u/ M
JofVof u/ M
HofdL, l;kfxL / ls;fg ;f/f
%g cfh xfdf alnof ;xf/f .
\
|
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
pN^f
pN^f
pN^f] cy{ cfpg] zAb;Fu hf]*f ldnfpm MpN^f] cy{ cfpg] zAb;Fu hf]*f ldnfpm M
]] cy{ cfpg] zAb;Fu hf]*f ldnfpm M
*f ldnfpm M
]
F
u hf
8= 8= 8= 8= 8= pN^f] cy{ cfpg] zAb;Fu hf]*f ldnfpm M
zAb;
]
cy
cfpg
{
}
F
h:t M gof = k'/fgf]
OHht v'nf :ju { r(\g kljý
]
]
aGb cfng zflGt aOHht g/s
ckljý


{
v M
]
]
tnsf zAbsf
tnsf zAbsf p:t cy lbg zAb nv M
tnsf zAbsf
]
]
zAb n
]] p:t} cy{ lbg] zAb n]v M
p:t
lbg
cy
{
}
}
]
{
9= 9= 9= 9= 9= tnsf zAbsf] p:t} cy{ lbg] zAb n]v Mtnsf zAbsf] p:t} cy{ lbg] zAb n]v M
]
bz M ==================== ljzfn M = ===================
{
kjt M ==================== j[If M ====================
Wjlg M ==================== ls;fg M ====================
lht M ==================== /St M ====================
\
{
ljklTt M ==================== ;+#if M ====================
g]kfnL, sIff 8

10=
10= tnsf zAbsf] cy{ v'Ng] u/L jfSodf k|of]u u/ M
10= tnsf zAbsf] cy{ v'Ng] u/L jfSodf k|of]u u/ Mtnsf zAbsf] cy{ v'Ng] u/L jfSodf k|of]u u/ M
10=
]
u u/ M
cy
10= tnsf zAbsf] cy{ v'Ng] u/L jfSodf k|of]u u/ M
]
of
Ng
u/L jfSodf k
]
|
tnsf zAbsf
'
v
{
Kof/f, dGý, dfg, ;+uLt, kvf {
'
\
]
pRrf/)f / lxHh
pRrf/)f / lxHh
pRrf/)f / lxHh
pRrf/)f / lxHh ]
pRrf/)f / lxHh]]]]
11= 11= 11= tnsf zAb z'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ Mtnsf zAb z'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ M
u pRrf/)f u/ M
F
tnsf zAb z
tnsf zAb z'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ M
b
'
11= 11= tnsf zAb z'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ M
w;
\
\
'
tGý, noabw, uxo, Wjlg, j)f {
\
12= sljtfsf] t];|f] Znf]s z'b\w;sljtfsf] t];|f] Znf]s z'b\w;u ;f/ .u ;f/ .
12= sljtfsf] t];|f] Znf]s z'b\w;u ;f/ .
12=
12=
]
‡
f
|
]
\
t
'
w;
;
]
sljtfsf
b
]
s z
Znf
12= sljtfsf] t];|f] Znf]s z'b\w;‡‡‡‡u ;f/ .u ;f/ .
Curriculum Development Centre
' ;'g / n]v M
g / n
13= 13= 13= ;'g / n]v M;'g / n]v M
]
;
13= 13= ;g / nv M
]
v M
'
[
{
'
}
{
;fGbo, OHht, HofdL, jIf, kvf, ljklTt
14= tnsf hf *L zAbx¿ z b \ w; F u pRrf/)f u/ / lzIfsnfO { ;f w ] / km/s
14= tnsf hf]*L zAbx¿ z'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ / lzIfsnfO{ ;f]w]/ km/stnsf hf]*L zAbx¿ z'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ / lzIfsnfO{ ;f]w]/ km/s
]
'
14= tnsf hf]*L zAbx¿ z'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ / lzIfsnfO{ ;f]w]/ km/s
]
14=
14= tnsf hf]*L zAbx¿ z'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ / lzIfsnfO{ ;f]w]/ km/s
cy a ''em M
{ cy{ a
{ cy cy{ a'em M'em M
{
a
em M
'
cy aem M
]
bz – åif, ntf – n^f, gzf – g;f, lbzf – lb;f, lbg – bLg
]
sfo
sfo{d"ns Jofs/)f
sfo
sfo
"
ns Jofs/)f
d
{{d"ns Jofs/)f
sfo{d"ns Jofs/)f{d"ns Jofs/)f
15= k(, a ''em / u/ M
15= k(, a'em / u/ M
15= k(, a
15= k(, aem / u/ M
''em / u/ M
em / u/ M
15= k(, a
{
\
]
[
]
kf&df kofu ePsf bz, wf/f, ;+uLt, kfgf, kjt, jIf, ntf, vfnf, OHht, HofdL,
|
]
{
]
'
l;kfxL, ls;fg, kl;gf, /St, g;f, :ju cflb gfd zAb xg . gfd zAbn sg JolSt,
\
}
'
{
j:t, &fp, gbL, ;dx, efj cflbnfO aemfp%g . gfd kfr ksf/sf xG%gÙ h:t M
F
'
|
F
\
"
}
F
'
\
'
|
"
JolStjfrs hfltjfrs ;dxjfrs bJojfrs efjjfrs
'
'
cfzf/fd, lxdfn, xn, ayfg, ;g, gg, bof, dfof,
'
'
F
*fNdf, ;ljtf, lstfa, ufO, kmf}h, em'Kkf], Uof;, bw, l/;, hjfgL,
]
{
hgs, gkfn, ufp, ;x/, /f;, ykf, ] bxL, lrgL, k)o, ldýtf,
]
F
'
'
|
ef/t, drL, ?v, dlGb/, u)f, hGtL, kfgL, df^f, ] ul/aL,
]
]
kfv/f, kmn, bjtf, ;gf, kN^g, afnjf, xfjf, nvfO, ;v,
'
'
]
]
]
'
'
nlDagL, uNdL, bz, dflg;, aufn, wnf, wfg, bMv, ?jfO,
'
]
'
]
/fdfo)f, gbL, r/f ayfg, rfdn, lk&f, ] v;L, ofjg,
}
'
ltxf/, %&
'
hgtf, ;ef bfn, wjf, F ljZjf;,
rfbL lzIff
F
gkfnL, sIff 8
]

]
]
]
"
dflysf tflnsfsf cWoog u/L tflnsfdf gk/sf JolStjfrs, hfltjfrs, ;dxjfrs,
b|Jojfrs / efjjfrs gfdsf kfFr kfFr cf]^f pbfx/)f n]vL jfSodf
k|of]u u/ .
]] sIff sf]&fdf ePsf b; cf]^f j:t'sf gfd zAb n]v]/ sIffdf ;'gfpm .
16= ltd
16= ltd
16= ltd|f
16= ltd ||f f ||f] sIff] sIff sf]&fdf ePsf b; cf]^f j:t'sf gfd zAb n]v]/ sIffdf ;'gfpm .sf]&fdf ePsf b; cf]^f j:t'sf gfd zAb n]v]/ sIffdf ;'gfpm . .
sf
&fdf ePsf b; cf
]
]

sIff
'
'
]
gfpm
v
]
'
/ sIffdf ;
]
]
]
^f j:t
]
sf gfd zAb n
]
'
16= ltdf sIff sf&fdf ePsf b; cf^f j:tsf gfd zAb nv/ sIffdf ;gfpm .
17= pbfx/)f x]/L Ps jrgnfO {{ ax' jrg / ax' jrgnfO{ Ps jrgdf kl/jt{g
]]/L Ps jrgnfO{ ax' jrg / ax' jrgnfO{ Ps jrgdf kl/jt{g{ ax' jrg / ax' jrgnfO{ Ps jrgdf kl/jt{g
]]/L Ps jrgnfO
17= pbfx/)f x
17= pbfx/)f x
17= pbfx/)f x
'
g
'
jrg / ax
{
/L Ps jrgnfO
{
ax
{
{
{
Ps jrgdf kl/jt
'
17= pbfx/)f x/L Ps jrgnfO ax jrg / ax jrgnfO Ps jrgdf kl/jtg
'
jrgnfO
u/L n
u/L n]v M
u/L n ]]v M
]]v M
u/L nv M
v M
u/L n
]
F
pbfx/)f M d gkfnL x' . xfdL g]kfnL xf}F .
-s_ pm g]kfnL af]N% . ================================================ .
Curriculum Development Centre
-v_ ============================================== . xfdL ljb\ofyL{ xf}F .
-u_ ?v kj{tdf % . ======================================================== .
{
F
}
-#_ ============================================= . xfdL bznfO dfof u%f .
]
{
-+_ HofdL sfd u%{ . =========================================================================== .
F
F
-r_ ================================================= . xfdL kl;gf aufp%f .
}
l;h
l;h
l;h{gfTds cEof;
l;h{gfTds cEof;l;h{gfTds cEof;
{{gfTds cEof;
gfTds cEof;
18=
vfnL &fpFdf pko'St zAb e/L tnsf] sljtf k'/f u/ M
18=
sljtf k
]
18=
18= vfnL &fpFdf pko'St zAb e/L tnsf] sljtf k'/f u/ MvfnL &fpFdf pko'St zAb e/L tnsf] sljtf k'/f u/ M
vfnL &fp
/f u/ M
'
'
St zAb e/L tnsf
df pko
18=
vfnL &fp
FFdf pko'St zAb e/L tnsf] sljtf k'/f u/ M
}
]
{
slt, :jfledfg, bz, ;fGbo, k/fO
]
% ;Gb/ of slt ============================================== xfdf | ]
'
==================================================== gfgf % lxdfn /fdf | ]
vfnf / ´gf =========================================== %g dxfg
]
{
\
'
'
arfO/fV% d t ================================== .
19=
19= OWG/QI2^ GJNJOWG/QI2^ GJNJ zLif{sdf sljtf n]v]/ lzIfsnfO{ b]vfpm . zLif{sdf sljtf n]v]/ lzIfsnfO{ b]vfpm .
19=
19=
J zLif{sdf sljtf n]v]/ lzIfsnfO{ b]vfpm .
OWG/QI2^ GJNJ@^@^^ GJNJ@^@^ zLif{sdf sljtf n]v]/ lzIfsnfO{ b]vfpm . zLif{sdf sljtf n]v]/ lzIfsnfO{ b]vfpm .
19=
^
G
OWG/QI2
OWG/QI2
@
^
N
J
g]kfnL, sIff 8

efUo
efUo
efUo
efUo
kf& M 2 efUo
kf& M 2
kf& M 2
kf& M 2
kf& M 2
– ;'wf lýkf&L
''wf lýkf&L
– ;
– ;'wf lýkf&L– ;'wf lýkf&L
– ;
wf lýkf&L
]
'
]
]
'
]
]
'
]
'
}
]
]
\
F
F
]
]
]
]
æP … s Toxf ^n^n x// a;sf x < slxNo dfG%n vfPsf bvsf %g; <Æ wg ;fxn ]
'
}
k'G^]nfO{ xsfb eGof] .
}{
] dem/Ldf a;/ rnflt/ xl//xsf lyof . wg ;fx eft vfb lyof . yfndf clnslt
kG^ dem]/Ldem]/L ] ' ] ] ] ] ] ' F } ]
' dem]/Ldem]/L
]
Curriculum Development Centre
/f
srf/f
}
eft, clg jl/kl/ srf}/fsrf}/f / Kn]^df y'k|} vfg] s'/f b]v]/ k'G^] %Ss k/]/ al;/x]sf]
srf
srf
}}/f
'
]
] ltx'gltx'g
lyof . æTolt yf/ eft vfg Toýf ltx'gltx'g lsg rflxPsf xfnf < ;aeGbf klxnf s vfg ]
}
ltxg
]
]
]
}
]
}
]
]
]
}
]
]
]
}
xfnf < ;aeGbf kl% s vfg xfnf < Tolt w/ vt eP/ klg ;fxn lsg Tolt yf/ eft
'
]
]
vfPsf xfnf <Æ pm ;fRb lyof .
]
]
]
}
]
wgL/fd r&g lg:sbf kG^ h:s]nf]h:s]nf]]h:s]nf]] aflx/ lyof . wgL/fdn] xftdf NofPsf] b'weft
F
]
\
'
]
'
] h:s]nf
}
h:snf
' h h'&]Ngf]Ngf
h&Ngfsf] ('+\ufdf /flvlbof] . s's'/n] skfsk b'weft vfPsf] b]v]/ k'G^]n] #'^'Ss y's
] h'& h'&]Ngf
'
&
Ngf
]
]
]
'
]
'
]
]
'
'
'
]
lgNof . p;n ;fRof, æ;fxsf #/sf ss/ xg kf hftL /x% .Æ
]
]
]
'
'
\
]
]
]
]
]
æss/sf eftdf rfv nfpnf; df/f …Æ wg ;fxn xsf/sf :j/df eGof .
'
]
]
]
'
'
'
]
{
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
kG^sf afa wgsf vtaf/Lsf /vbv uYof . kG^ klg afasf kl% nfu/ wgsf #/df
]
]
]
]
]
'
]
]
hfGYof . pm ToxfF cfk\mgf] #/sf] eGbf ;a} yf]s km/s b]VYof] .
]
'
{
kG^sf afan %f/fnfO :sndf egf ul/lbPsf lyof . lbpF;f]sf] vfhf vfg] %'^\^Ldf
{
'
]
]
]
]
'
]
{
'
]
]
]
]
]
s^fx¿ esG*f vNy . pm %pdf a;/ xl//xGYof . s^fx¿ hfgL hfgL p;nfO esG*fn ]
]
]
]
]
'
]
]
F
]
]
]
{
xfGy . æP o;nfO kf nfu%Æ eGy / unn xf:y .
*f
] uf uf]*f
uf*f
]
\
]
pm :sndf cfkmgf km^sf uf]*fuf]*f x]Yof]{ . ;fyLx¿sf uf]*fdf gofF gofF h'Ttf b]VYof] .
'
'
;fyLx¿sf emfnf xYof / cfkmgf emfnf xYof . x/s s/f km/s bv/ Tof km/s xgsf ]
]
'
]
]
]
]
\
]
]
'
]
'
{
{
]
]
]
dem]/L M
dem
dem ]]/L M
dem/L M #/leý r'nf], cf]%\ofg / sf]&fsf cltl/St vfnL %f]l*Psf] larsf] &fpF
]]/L M
dem
/L M
srf/f M ef]hgsf ;fdu|LdWo] ltx'g, t/sf/L cflb xfNg] efF*f], a^'sf]
srf
srf}/f M
srf
srf
}}/f M
/f M
}}/f M
g M
ltx' ltx'g Mltx'g M
ltx'g M
ltx'g M eftl;t d'%]/ vfOg] emf]n t/sf/L
h:s
]]nf
h:snf M #/sf] d"n (f]sfafx]ssf] csf]{ (f]sf
]
]] M
h:s
nf
h:s]nf M
]]nf] M] M
h:s
' h h'&]Ngf M]Ngf M
] h'& h'&]Ngf M
Ngf M
]
'
&
h&Ngf M h'&f] kmfNg] ul/Psf] &fpF, h'&f efF*f dfem\g] &fpF
uf]*f M v^\^f
] uf]*f M
uf uf]*f Muf]*f M '
*f M
gkfnL, sIff 8
]

]
}
{
]
{
\
'
F
]
cy vfHYof . pm dgdg cy klg klxNofpYof . æpgLx¿ wgL %g, d ul/a % .Æ t/ pm
sf]xL s;/L wgL x'G% / sf]xL s;/L ul/a x'G% eGg] s'/fsf] cy{ eg]
e]^\^fpFb}gYof] .
]
'
F
'
]
kG^n Ps lbg xh/cfdf;u ;fWof, æxh/cfdf xfdL lsg ul/a ePsf <Æ
]
'
]
]
'
]
]
\
]
]
F
}
æefUosf vnÆ xh/cfdfn cfkmn bvsf h:tf u// hjfkm lbOg .
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
'
]
æefUo egsf s xh/cfdf <Æ ;fyLx¿sf esG*fsf vnsf s/f t p;nfO yfxf lyof .
'
]
{
]
'
]
]
]
F
}
]
]
]
]
efUon klg To:t esG*f vNg xf ls … clg p;n lbp;f ;fyLx¿n tfsL tfsL esG*fn ]
]
'
]
]
'
]Curriculum Development Centre
'
]
'
F
]
]
xfgsf &fp ;D;Dofof .
]
]
]
'
|
] %}^L%}^L
]
]
]
]
}
%^L
æefUo egsf bptfn xfdf lgwf/df nvsf s/f xf . %}^L%}^Lsf lbg lgwf/df n]lvP hlt
|
F
}
]
'
]
]
}
]
]
}
dfý kfp% dfG%n .Æ xh/cfdfn %^Lsf af/df w/ s/f atfOg . To;;u hfl*Psf
\
F
]
'
syf klg ;'gfOg\ .
'
]
]
]
F
]
]
]
kG^n kml/ lbp;fsf ;fyLx¿sf vn ;lDemof . ;fyLx¿n] e'mlSsPsf] h:tf] u/]/ tfsL
]
]
]
F
]
]
]
'
]
tfsL cfkmnfO lxsfPsf ;lDemof . p;n To; vnnfO efUosf vn;u tngf u¥of .
{
{
{
"
]
]
]
'
]
'
}
]
}
'
{
{
'
]
]
\
ToxL esG*f s;nfO /dfOnf aGg, s;nfO bMv aGg ;Demof / esG*fn bvfPsf ]
]
kfv'/f] kml/ d';f¥of] .
]
{
p;sL alxgL ev/ hGdsL lyO . pm %}^f}F lbgsf] k|tLIffk|tLIff ul//x]sf] lyof] . b;}F cfpg]
tLIff
| k k|tLIff
]
ktLIff
{
|
}
} kfOnf
]
]
]
{
]
}
]
kfOnf
} nf];nf];
nf;]
anfdf klg ;don o;/L g la:tf/ kfOnf]kfOnf]]kfOnf]] ;fYof . ToxL ;do clxn klg ;f/ nf];nf];
r
arg
] a a]r}g
]
]
alg/xsf lyof . k'G^]nfO{ lgs} a]r}ga]r}g eO/x]sf] lyof] . cfh aNn alxgL hGd]sf] % lbg eof] .
]
]
}
g
}
]
]
]
}
}
'
æcfdf … cfh alxgLsf %^L xlu …Æ kG^n pT;s xb ;fWof .
F
'
]
'
]
]
{
{
F
]
}
\
æxf, t/ tnfO lsg oýf rf;f lg <Æ cfdfn ems em u/L elgg .
]
]
]
F
]
}
'
]
]
]
'
]
]
]
]
}
æxh/cfdfn eGgePsf, %^L egsf t dflg;sf efUo nlvg lbg c/ . %^Lsf /flt
{
]
]
}
'
aRrfsf l;/fgLdf sfkL, snd /flvlbgk% c/, /ftel/ aTtL lgEg lbg xbg / . clg
F
]
'
'
'
}
}
]
% %}^L M}^L M afns hGdsf %^f lbg /ftdf ul/g pT;j jf sd, %^f lbgsf /flý, hg lbg afnssf ]
F
]
}
]
} % %}^L M
F
]
}
{
^L M
%}^L M
]
efUo efjLn nV% eGg k/Dk/fcg;f/ /fte/ afnssf glhs aTtL aflng sfo {
]
}
]
]
'
tLIff M
| k k|tLIff M
k|tLIff M s'g} sfd x'g] cfzfdf ul/Psf] kvf{O, af^f] x]/fO
k k|tLIff M|tLIff M
kfOnf
kfOnf] M k}tfnf]
kfOnf
]] M
M
kfOnf] MkfOnf] M
nf nf];] Mnf];] M l(nf :jefjsf ]
]
M
]
;
] nf];] M
nf];] M
}
]
'
a a]r}g Ma]r}g M rg jf ;v zflGt gePsf, czfGt
] a]r}g M
a]r}g M
}
g M
r
gkfnL, sIff 8
]

]
]
]
'
]
\
]
'
]
]
]
]
'
]
}
F
bptfn cfP/ ;^Ss efUo nv/ hfG%g c/ . dfG%n efUodf nvsf s/f dfý kfp%
{
]
'
"
]
]
]
{
]
'
"
/ .Æ kG^n cfkmnfO yfxf ePsf ;Dk)f s/f cfdfnfO atfof .
{
'
]
'
]
'
Toltv/ kG^sf afa klg cfOkUof . pm %f/fsf s/f ;g/ %Ss k/g . p;n eGof, ]
'
]
]
]
]
]
'
]
}
]
]
]
F
]
{
}
]
ækG^, xfdLn t/f %^Ldf bptfnfO t/f efUo nVg lbPgf lg .Æ
]
]
]
'
]
}
]
æTo;f eP d/f lgwf/ vfnL % t af <Æ kG^n crDd dfg]/ ;fWof .
]
]
]
]
]
]
'
]
]
]
æxf, t/f lgwf/ vfnL % .Æ k'G^]n] cfkm" / cfk"m;Fu k(\g] ;fyLx¿sf lardf lsg leGgtf
]
]
]
'
]
F
]
'
% eGg s/f aNn kf aem eGg &fGof .
Curriculum Development Centre
c;Gtli^
'
]
] c;Gt'li^c;Gt'li^
]
ælsg vfnL /fvsf t af d/f lgwf/ <Æ p;n c;Gt'li^c;Gt'li^ hgfof] .
]
]
{
]
]
æt/f dfý xfOg, t/L alxgLsf lgwf/df klg c¿nfO sxL nVg glbg .Æ cfdfsf] s'/f
]
]
]
]
]
}
]
] lvl;Sslvl;Ss
'
;g/ kG^ lvl;Sslvl;Ss k¥of] .
'
lvl;Ss
]
]
'
\
cfdfn ;Demfpb elgg, æx/ kG^, xfdf efUo c¿nfO nVg lbg xbg . c¿n nlvlbPsf ]
{
'
]
}
]
'
F
]
F
|
]
]
]
}
]
]
]
]
'
\
efUo afs/ lx*g ePsfn dflg;x¿ xfdL h:tf bMvL xg u/sf xg .Æ
]
'
\
F
'
]
]
F
kG^ cem %Ss k¥of, ælgwf/leý efUo nVg rflx s;/L t < Æ
'
]
]
}
]
{
]
]
F
}
afan kG^nfO glhs tfGof . la:tf/ p;sf ^fpsf d;f¥of . lgwf/df DjfO vfof .
]
'
]
'
}
]
]
'
]
'
]
]
%f/fnfO cufnf xfNb p;n eGof, ækG^, efUo lgwf/df xfOg, hLjgdf nlvG% . sd{sf]
]
]
F
{
}
]
]
]
]
]
F
}
]
]
F
}
]
]
]
}
F
sndn efUo nVgk% . tn klg cfkmgf efUo cfkm nVg xf . alxgLn klg cfkm nV% .Æ
]
'
]
]
{
\
æsdsf snd egsf s lg af < Æ kG^ cln v;L blvof .
]
'
]
]
{
]
'
]
]
]
]
æsdsf snd egsf sfd xf . dfG%]n] hlt w]/} ldlxg]t u¥of], plt p;sf] efUo alnof]
]
{
]
]
'
'
]
F
]
]
/ /fdf xG% . cfkmgf efUo cfkm} nVg dflg;nfO{ bMv rflx cln a(L x'G% .Æ
\
|
]
F
'
]
F
'
]
|
{
æaf … wg ;fxeGbf tkfO a(L sfd ugxG% . efUo rflx p;sf /fdf lsg ePsf lg <
'
{
]
F
]
{
]
of t sfd ug sfn ds vfg efn eg em ePg / <Æ p;n wgL/fdn bweft NofP/
]
]
'
]
}
}
'
F
'
]
]
'
'
]
\
]
ss/nfO lbPsf bZo emnSs ;Demof .
[
{
F
\
F
{
]
]
]
æafa, dn w/ sfd ug dfý hfg, To;nfO efUo;u hf*g hflgg . sfd u/]kl% efUo
]
}
F
{
}
'
'
'
'
\
ablngk% eGg s/f ev/ aemb % . d w/ sfd u% t/ bweft pgLx¿ vfG%g \
{
}
}
{
'
]
'
'
]
{
c;Gt ''li^ M
''li^ M
c;Gt'li^ M
c;Gt
c;Gtli^ M ;Gt'i^ gePsf] efj, ck|zGgtf
c;Gt
li^ M
lvl;Ss M
lvl;Ss M
lvl;Ss M
lvl;Ss M lj:tf/} jf d'v yf]/} vf]n]/ -xfF:g] sfd_
lvl;Ss M
]
gkfnL, sIff 8

|
] d"Nod"No
F
dNo aemg dg
}
"
>d
F
]
]
{
] >d>d
'
lsg < lsgeg >d>d ug;u kz:t hldg %g . hldg xgx¿;u >dsf d"Nod"No ' \ ]
}
]
'
|
]
]
]
]
\
%g . To;n %f/f, ca >d / hldgsf ;DaGw xfdf efUol;t hf*g s/f ugk% /
{
'
{
}
]
'
{
]
}
]
{
cfkmgf efUo cfkm nVgk% . dnfO plxNo o:tf s/f aemfOlbg klg sfxL ePg . ca
]
F
}
]
]
'
\
'
'
{
]
}
F
'
"
]
]
'
d cfkmn aemsf s/f ltdLx¿nfO klg aemfpb hfG% .Æ
'
}
\
]
]
]
'
{
]
F
}
F
æaf, tkfO dnfO l;sfpgxf; . d d/f efUo cfkm nVb hfG% x <Æ
'
}
{
]
]
F
'
]
}
]
]
kG^ ;fRr xg la?jfsf lrNnf kft eg em klxnblv kl/>dL / ldlxgtL klg lyof .
]
'
F
]
]
]
}
afasf s/f ;gkl% pm km?++ k// alxgLsf %pdf uof . cl# cfk\mgf] lgwf/df afa'n]
\
'
]
]
]
'
]
'
'
]
'
]
DjfO vfP h;/L g p;n klg alxgLsf lgwf/df rKk DjfO vfof . ;fy cfkmgf efUo cfkm F }
}
F
]
\
]
}
F
'
nVg ;Gb/ eljiosf sNkgfdf lgdUg xg yfNof .
]
]
'
]
]
>d M kl/>d, ldlxg]t
>d M
>d M
>d M
>d M
" d d"No M
"
" d"No M
dNo M dxTTj, ul/df
dNo M
No M
F(RI
F(RI
F(RI Curriculum Development Centre
F(RI
F(RI
'
/ sIffdf ;
]
R%
b k(
]
gfpm .
'
]
Ps Ps cg
dflysf] kf& kfn}kfnf] Ps Ps cg'R%]b k(]/ sIffdf ;'gfpm .] kf& kfn}kfnf] Ps Ps cg'R%]b k(]/ sIffdf ;'gfpm .
dflysf
]] kf& kfn}kfnf] Ps Ps cg'R%]b k(]/ sIffdf ;'gfpm .
kf& kfn
kfnf
}
1= 1= 1= 1= 1= dflysf] kf& kfn}kfnf] Ps Ps cg'R%]b k(]/ sIffdf ;'gfpm .
dflysf
dflysf
pTt/ eg M
pTt/ eg M
pTt/ eg M
pTt/ eg M
2= 2= 2= 2= 2= pTt/ eg M
]
]
'
]
]
]
-s_ kG^ lsg %Ss k// xl//xsf lyof <
]
F
]
]
\
]
]
'
-v_ lbp;fsf %^^Ldf s^fx¿ s uy <
]
{
]
'
-u_ xh/cfdfsf ljrf/df efUo s xf <
]
]
{
]
]
]
]
-#_ sdsf snd egsf s xf <
]
]
-+_ dfG%sf] efUo s;/L alnof / /fdf xG% <
]
'
]
|
s;n] s;nfO{ lsg eg]sf] xf], n]v M
s;n] s;nfO{ lsg eg]sf] xf], n]v M
s;n
s;nfO
]
, n
sf
{
]
v M
]
]
lsg eg
]
xf
3= 3= 3= 3= 3= s;n] s;nfO{ lsg eg]sf] xf], n]v Ms;n] s;nfO{ lsg eg]sf] xf], n]v M
]
]
]
]
-s_ efUo egsf bptfn xfdf lgwf/df nvsf s/f xf .
]
|
]
]
'
]
]
{
]
}
]
]
]
]
}
]
F
-v_ xfdLn t/f %^Ldf bptfnfO t/f efUo nVg lbPgf lg .
]
gkfnL, sIff 8

{
]
]
-u_ sdsf sndn efUo n]Vg'k%{ .
{
]
-#_ of t sfd ug sfn ds vfg efn eg em ePg / <
]
]
}
F
'
'
}
]
-+_ ca >d / hldgsf ;DaGw xfdf efUol;t hf*g s/f ugk% .
]
'
]
]
\
{
|
]
'
{
\
g nufpm M
4= l&s pTt/df l&s -
4= l&s pTt/df l&s -
4= l&s pTt/df l&s - ˜__ _ lrx\g nufpm M _ lrx\g nufpm M
4= l&s pTt/df l&s -
4= l&s pTt/df l&s - ˜ ˜˜ ˜_ _ _ lrxg nufpm M
_ lrx
_ _ lrx\g nufpm M
\
]
]
-s_ wgL/fd s;sf gfd xf <
-c_ aafsf -cf_ cfdfsf -O_ ;fxsf ]
'
]
]
'
Curriculum Development Centre
]
}
|
{
'
]
'
F
]
-v_ æxfdf efUo c¿nfO nVg lbg xbg .Æ of egfO s;sf xf <
]
]
]
]
]
'
'
]
]
'
'
'
-c_ kG^sL xh/cfdfsf -cf_ kG^sL cfdfsf -O_ kG^sf afasf ]
'
-u_ wgn bweft NofP/ s;nfO lbof <
]
{
]
]
{
{
]
'
'
'
-c_ kG^nfO -cf_ r/fnfO -O_ ss/nfO {
]]v
5= pTt/ n
5= pTt/ n
5= pTt/ n]v
v
]]v M
5= pTt/ n
5= pTt/ nv
]
'
]
'
'
]
-s_ kG^n lsg #^Ss ys lgNof <
'
]
|
]
]
]
]
'
]
}
F
}
-v_ kG^n lsg %^f lbgsf ktLIff ul//xsf lyof <
]
'
]
'
-u_ kG^n lsg c;Gtli^ hgfof <
]
]
'
'
-#_ kG^sf afa lsg ul/a aGg ku <
'
]
\
F
]
]
F
}
-+_ xfdLn s;/L cfkmgf efUo cfkm nVg ;S%f <
}
]
-r_ …efUo’ syfaf^ s lzIff kfOG% <
]
6= efj :ki^ u/ M
6= efj :ki^ u/ M
6= efj :ki^ u/ M
6= efj :ki^ u/ M
6= efj :ki^ u/ M
{
]
\
'
{
ca >d / hldgsf ;DaGw xfdf efUol;t hf*g s/f ugk% / cfkmgf efUo
]
'
]
]
\
]
|
cfkm}F n]Vg'k%{ .
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
/ hf
*f ldnfpm M
]
]
cy
]
ldNg] cy{ %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M
%fg
{
7= 7= 7= 7= 7= ldNg] cy{ %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm MldNg] cy{ %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M
ldNg] cy{ %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M
ldNg
}
h:t M %Ss — crDd
{
{
]
%Ss, cy, bptf, lgwf/, cfdf, >d, eujfg, ldlxgt, crDd, dftf, tfTko, nnf^
]
\
gkfnL, sIff 8
]

pN^f
pN^f
pN^f] cy{ lbg] zAb;Fu hf]*f ldnfO{ sfkLdf ;f/ M] cy{ lbg] zAb;Fu hf]*f ldnfO{ sfkLdf ;f/ M
u hf
F
sfkLdf ;f/ M
{
*f ldnfO
]
lbg
cy
]] cy{ lbg] zAb;Fu hf]*f ldnfO{ sfkLdf ;f/ M
{
pN^f
]
zAb;
8= 8= 8= 8= 8= pN^f] cy{ lbg] zAb;Fu hf]*f ldnfO{ sfkLdf ;f/ M
}
h:t M wgL — ul/a
wgL, w]/}, b]ptf, alnof], gofF, c;Gt'li^, yf]/}, k'/fgf, ul/a, ;Gt'li^,
sdhf/, bfgj
]
k(, a
k(, a
k(, a'em / u/ M
''em / u/ M
k(, a
9= 9= 9= 9= 9= k(, aem / u/ M
em / u/ M
''em / u/ M
]
]
F
]
{
F
'
sfd rflx tkfO ug t/ efUo rflx wgL/fdsf /fdf xg lsg < of t sfd ug sfn '
|
]
F
{
{
]
]
ds} vfg] efn' ePg / .
Curriculum Development Centre
]
]
}
]
]
}
F
]
}
'
'
]
]
F
F
kG^ ;fRr xg la?jfsf lrNnf kft eg em ;fgblv kl/>dL / lh!f; klg lyof .
'
]
"
dflysf jfSodf kofu ePsf pvfgn ;ýfTds sygnfO aemfPsf %g . pvfgnfO{
|
]
{
\
'
{
F
]
]
nfsflSt klg elgG% . pvfgn cleJolStnfO /frs, :ki^ / dflds agfp%g .
]
]
\
{
tnsf pvfgnfO {{ cy{ :ki^ x'g] u/L jfSodf k|of]u u/ M
tnsf pvfgnfO{ cy{ :ki^ x'g] u/L jfSodf k|of]u u/ Mtnsf pvfgnfO{ cy{ :ki^ x'g] u/L jfSodf k|of]u u/ M
tnsf pvfgnfO
{
cy
:ki^ x
'g
of
]
tnsf pvfgnfO{ cy{ :ki^ x'g] u/L jfSodf k|of]u u/ M
|
u/L jfSodf k
u u/ M
]
]
{
]
]
'
F
|
'
'
ug eGg xgdfg ku/L uYg (*, OGbsf cufl* :jusf aofg, cfP cfk uP em^f/f, ]
]
{
\
]
'
xfTtLsf dvdf lh/f, gfRg ghfGg cfug ^(f, afb/sf xftdf gl/jn
]
]
F
]
]
F
pRrf/)f / lxHh]]]]
pRrf/)f / lxHh
pRrf/)f / lxHh
pRrf/)f / lxHh
pRrf/)f / lxHh ]
10=
10= tnsf zAbsf] z'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ M
10= tnsf zAbsf z ' b \ w; F u pRrf/)f u/ M
10= tnsf zAbsf] z'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ Mtnsf zAbsf] z'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ M
]
10= tnsf zAbsf] z'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ M
'
'
'
]
}
'
'
%^L, ^n^n, h&Ngf, h:snf ]
]
tn lbOPsf zAbx¿ ;Rofpm M
11= 11= 11= tn lbOPsf zAbx¿ ;Rofpm Mtn lbOPsf zAbx¿ ;Rofpm M
11= 11= tn lbOPsf zAbx¿ ;Rofpm M
tn lbOPsf zAbx¿ ;Rofpm M
'
'
lhUof;, DjfO, #tSs, arOg, kl/zdL {
'
]
G^
Ss, y
/
]
^f zAbx¿ vf
'
b; cf
]
s h:tf x
h
'
g
]
:j psf/ x
12= kf&af^ k
^
'
, #
|
12= kf&af^ k'G^], #'^'Ss, y's h:tf x|:j psf/ x'g] b; cf]^f zAbx¿ vf]h]/12= kf&af^ k'G^], #'^'Ss, y's h:tf x|:j psf/ x'g] b; cf]^f zAbx¿ vf]h]/
''G^], #'^'Ss, y's h:tf x|:j psf/ x'g] b; cf]^f zAbx¿ vf]h]/
]
]
12= kf&af^ k
12= kf&af^ k'G^], #'^'Ss, y's h:tf x|:j psf/ x'g] b; cf]^f zAbx¿ vf]h]/
'
n n]v .]v .
] n n]v .
v .
n]v .
sfo{d"ns Jofs/)f
ns Jofs/)f
sfo
sfo
{{d"ns Jofs/)f
"
sfo{d"ns Jofs/)fsfo{d"ns Jofs/)f
d
13= 13= 13= k(, a'em / u/ Mk(, a'em / u/ M
'
13= 13= k(, a'em / u/ Mk(, a'em / u/ M
k(, aem / u/ M
-s_ pm dgdg} cy{ nufpFYof] klg . pgLx¿ wgL %g\, d ul/a %' .
-v_ xfdLn] eg]sf] ;'g\, t}Fn] klg t]/f] efUo cfkm}F n]Vg] xf] .
-u_ tkfO{F dnfO{ l;sfpg'xf];\ . d cfkm}F n]Vb} hfG%' .
gkfnL, sIff 8
]

]
\
F
dflysf jfSodf /vf+lst ePsf cIf/df cfPsf pm, pgLx¿, d, xfdL, t, cfkm, } F
\
\
tkfO h:tf zAbx¿n ;jgfdnfO aemfPsf %g . ;jgfd gfd kbsf ;^^fdf kofu
{
'
]
{
]
]
|
F
{
{
'
xG% . dVo ¿kdf ;jgfd rf/ ksf/sf %g . h:t M
'
\
{
}
|
{
{
{
{
{
k?ifjfrs ;jgfd bzs ;jgfd ;DaGwjfrs ;jgfd kZgjfrs ;jgfd
|
'
]
'
]
]
]
]
]
F
d, xfdL, t, ltdL, of, oL, logL, Tof, hf, h, hg, hf hf, hg sf, s, sg, sf ]
'
]
'
]
'
tkfOF{, pm, pgL, pxf, Toxf F hg, h h, hg;s } sf], s] s], s'g
]
'
F
'
]
'
ltgL, xh/, cfkm " sg, sxL, sg, sg }
]
'
'
'
}
s'g}
Curriculum Development Centre
]
F
]
dflysf tflnsf cWoog u/L kf&af^ ;jgfd kofu ePsf kfr cf^f jfSox¿
|
]
{
vf]h]/ n]v .
14= k(, a ' ' em / u/ M
14= k(, a'em / u/ M
14= k(, a'em / u/ Mk(, a'em / u/ M
14= k(, aem / u/ M
14=
'
-s_ /ftel/ aTtL lgEg lbg xbg /]/] /]/] / .
]
}
'
F
]
-v_ lsg vfnL /fvsf tt tt t af d]/f] lgwf/ <
]
}
}
]
]
-u_ d d/f efUo cfkm nVb hfG% x} x} x} x} x .
'
}
}
F
]
{
F
}
}
-#_ %^Ldf bptfnfO t/f efUo nVg lbPgf lglg lglg lg .
]
]
]
}
\
]
dflysf jfSodf cfPsf /, t, x, lg h:tf uf(f cIf/sf zAb lgkft xg . lgkft
'
|
]
}
'
{
F
'
]
{
'
PSnsf sg cy xbg . t/ jfSodf kofu ePkl% eg To;sf ljzif cy xG% .
}
]
]
}
]
]
lgkftn egfOnfO ;Gb/ agfpg ljzif eldsf vnsf xG% .
'
]
]
{
]
"
]
'
kf&af^ lgkft zAb k|of]u ePsf kfFr cf]^f jfSo vf]h]/ n]v .kf&af^ lgkft zAb k|of]u ePsf kfFr cf]^f jfSo vf]h]/ n]v .
kf&af^ lgkft zAb k
h
]
/ n
]
]
v .
kf&af^ lgkft zAb k
kf&af^ lgkft zAb k|of]u ePsf kfFr cf]^f jfSo vf]h]/ n]v .
F
of
]
u ePsf kf
||of]u ePsf kfFr cf]^f jfSo vf]h]/ n]v .
r cf
]
^f jfSo vf
15= tnsf jfSodf ePsf lgkft zAb lrg / sfkLdf ;f/ M
15= tnsf jfSodf ePsf lgkft zAb lrg / sfkLdf ;f/ M
15= tnsf jfSodf ePsf lgkft zAb lrg / sfkLdf ;f/ M
15= tnsf jfSodf ePsf lgkft zAb lrg / sfkLdf ;f/ M
15= tnsf jfSodf ePsf lgkft zAb lrg / sfkLdf ;f/ M
cfdf, d t cfkmgf efUo cfkm}F n}Vg] eP lg .
\
]
F
of
}
|
]
]
k
16= t, kf ]], Sof/ ] ]], lg, rflxF, nf}, n cflb lgkftsf] k|of]u u/L Ps Ps cf]^f
16= t, kf], Sof/
16= t, kf
16= t, kf
16= t, kf, Sof/, lg, rflx, nf, n cflb lgkftsf kofu u/L Ps Ps cf^f
]
]
F
, nf
]
u u/L Ps Ps cf
]
F
, n cflb lgkftsf
]], Sof/], lg, rflxF, nf}, n cflb lgkftsf] k|of]u u/L Ps Ps cf]^f], lg, rflxF, nf}, n cflb lgkftsf] k|of]u u/L Ps Ps cf]^f
, Sof/
^f
|
}
, lg, rflx
jfSo agfpm .
jfSo agfpm .
jfSo agfpm .
jfSo agfpm .
jfSo agfpm .
]
gkfnL, sIff 8

l;h
l;h{gfTds cEof;
{{gfTds cEof;
l;h
l;h{gfTds cEof;{gfTds cEof;
l;h
gfTds cEof;
'
''St zLif{s{s
{s
'Fbfx¿nfO{ ldnfP/ Pp^f syf tof/ kf/ / pko'St zLif
ldnfP/ Pp^f syf tof/ kf/ / pko
St zLif
17= tn lbOPsf a'Fbfx¿nfO{
17= tn lbOPsf a'Fbfx¿nfO{ ldnfP/ Pp^f syf tof/ kf/ / pkoSt zLif{s
17= tn lbOPsf a'Fbfx¿nfO{ ldnfP/ Pp^f syf tof/ kf/ / pko17= tn lbOPsf a'Fbfx¿nfO{ ldnfP/ Pp^f syf tof/ kf/ / pko'St zLif{s
17= tn lbOPsf a
]]pm M
klg b pm M
klg b]pm M
klg b
klg b
klg b]pm M]pm M
}
]
'
]
'
F
'
'
\
\
sg &fpdf Pp^f &nf h+un xg ============ sfu / sfOnL ToxL h+undf a:g '
============== bjdf /fdf ldýtf xg ============= Ps lbg bj sf&df*f #Dg lx*g '
\
|
'
}
'
F
F
'
]
}
'
}
'
'
============== ufbfj/L kUg=============== :ofn sfsf;u e^ xg ========================= ;fem ;a }
]
F
F
]
'
'
'
]
{
h+unL hgfj/ hDdf eP/ :ofn sfsfsxf /dfOnf sfojmd ug ==================
\
'
|
F
{
Curriculum Development Centre
]
]
'
]
'
;an cfkmgf kltef bvfpg ============= sfu / sfOnLn uLt ufpg ================
}
]
|
\
]
ª
|
'
{
]
}
]
]
]
'
}
{
{
sfusf :j/ s;nfO dg gkg ================= ;an sfOnLsf kz;f ug ==================
]
}
]
{
'
]
sfunfO s;n jf:tf gu/sfdf l/; p&g ================ pm v?v? cfkmgf af^f nfUg '
]
\
'
'
\
]
============== :ofn / sfOnLn sfunfO ;Demfpg / gl/;fpg cg/fw ug ============
]
]
{
{
'
'
'
]
'
'
{
}
]
]
sfun dfGg ========== ;a hgf ldn/ a:g jfrf ug .
18= ltdLn ]] ;'g]sf] jf k(]sf] s'g} syf n]v]/ sIffdf ;'gfpm .
'
18= ltdLn
18= ltdLn
18= ltdLn] ;'g]sf] jf k(]sf] s'g} syf n]v]/ sIffdf ;'gfpm .
18= ltdLn] ;'g]sf] jf k(]sf] s'g} syf n]v]/ sIffdf ;'gfpm .] ;'g]sf] jf k(]sf] s'g} syf n]v]/ sIffdf ;'gfpm .
;
]
v
s
/ sIffdf ;
]
}
syf n
'
g
]
gfpm .
'
sf
g
]
]
sf
jf k(
]
]
gkfnL, sIff 8

kf& M 3
kf& M 3
kf& M 3
kf& M 3
kf& M 3
] b b]js'df/L yfkf'df/L yfkf
] b]js
]
js
bjsdf/L yfkf
bjs
df/L yfkf
''df/L yfkf
'
{ k|]/sk|]/s
k/s
}
]
]
c;n aGg xf;nf lbg JolStnfO k|]/sk|]/s JolStTj elgG% .
|
}
xfdL xf;nf kfP/ g c;n aGg koTg u%f /
{
F
}
}
|
]
}
'
]
F
|
cfjZos s/f l;S%f . xfdf cfdfafafx¿n vfg,
]
F
\
\
lx*g, k(gsf nflu xf;nf lbgeof . To;n xfdL
}
]
'
}
Curriculum Development Centre
F
oL sfddf ;Ifd ePsf xf . To:t lzIfs, ;fyL,
}
}
\
]
]
}
cfkmGtx¿n klg xf;nf lbg ub%g . ljZjdf ;dfh,
{
;flxTo / lzIffsf Ifýx¿ eg w/ km/flsnf %g .
]
]
\
]
}
]
}
}
{
F
Toxf;Dd ku/ ;anfO c;n sfddf xf;nf lbg ]
'
JolSt yf/ dfý xG%g . o:tf k|]/s JolStdf b]js'df/L
}
\
]
'
}
]
]
yfkfsf gfd w/ cufl* cfp% . pgL gkfnL ;flxTo, ;dfh / lzIffsf ljsf;df ;anfO {
}
F
]
]
]
}
xf;nf lbg k/s JolSt x'g .
|
\
]
]
{
{
'
]
]
]
bjsdf/L yfkfsf hGd ef/tsf bflhln+ IfýcGtut v/;f+df ePsf xf . pgL lj=;= ª
]
]
'
}
]
]
]
'
1985 jzfv 2 ut hGdsL lyOg . pgL dftf /dfbjL / lktf x:taxfb/ s^jfnsL
\
sfG%L %f/L xg . pgsf kltsf gfp aa/l;x yfkf xf . pgL ;fgblv w/ kltefzfnL
F
]
'
\
ª
]
|
}
]
}
]
]
lyOg . pgL ljb\ofyL{ sfndf hfFrdf ;w}F k|yd x'lGyg\ . pgn] k|j]lzsf pTtL)f{ u/L
\
]
\
\
ª
]
]
:jf:Yo Ifýdf l*Knfdff ff f u/sL lyOg . pgL ljjfxkl% lj=;= 2022 df gkfn cfOg /
]
ljleGg Ifýdf sfd ug ;? ul/g .
{
'
]
\
lgdf
lgdftf
tf
{
'
lgdf
]
\
{{tf
'
bjsdf/L yfkf afn aflnsfx¿ g bzsf eljio lgdf{tflgdf{tf xg eGg wf/)ff /flVyg . afn
]
}
]
\
\
}
{
{
aflnsfx¿nfO g c;n / lzlIft kfg ;flxTo /rgfdf nflug . To;/L g} afn
}
rftkmL
] rf}tkmLrf}tkmL
aflnsfx¿sf rf}tkmLrf}tkmL{ ljsf; ug{ afn ;ª:yf / ;dfh ;]jfdf ;dlk{t eOg\ . pgsf]
k|]/s
k k|]/sk|]/s – xf;nf lbg ]
| k|]/s
]
/s
}
tf
lgdf{tf
lgdf{tf{tf
lgdf
lgdf {{tf – agfpg ]
lgdf
}
rf}tkmL{{}tkmL{{
tkmL
rf rf}tkmLrf rf}tkmL { – rf/lt/
}
g]kfnL, sIff 8

Jo
stJo
{
'
]
{ st st{Jo ;]jf xf] . ;a}nfO{ ;]jfdf k|]/)ff lbg pgn] k'/:sf/sf] klg
ljrf/df dflg;sf dVo st{Jost{Jo
Joj:yf \ ] F } } ] | ] | ] \
Joj:yf
Joj:yf
Joj:yf ul/g . pgL cfhLjg ;jfdf lxdfn em cl*u agL ;asf k/)ff ;ft algg .
Joj:yf
'
]
]
afn ;flxTodf bjsdf/L yfkfsf ljlzi^ :yfg % . pgn] g]kfnL ;flxTodf afn
]
\
\
]
]
}
]
;flxTosf w/ lstfax¿ nvsL %g . pgsf afnsyf %f^f / ld&f %g . ltgdf
]
afnsx¿sf :jefj, ?lr / afgL Jojxf/sf lrý)f ul/Psf % . afn dgflj!fg egsf ]
]
]
]
]
'
]
'
{
|
'
]
]
]
{
'
'
|
afnssf leýL dgsf s/f aem/ To;nfO k:tt ug xf . afns dgsf k:tlt ePsf
]
{
sf/)f pgsf syfnfO afn dgfj!flgs syf elgG% . pgn] klg afnssf cGtdgdf
]
}
]
{
\
kuL syfx¿ nvsL %g . To;n lognfO afn dgfj!flgs syfsf/ elgG% . pgdf
}
{
]
]
'
]
]
}
Curriculum Development Centre
]
}
]
'
]
{
c;n jftfj/)f / ;sf/fTds ;Gbzn g afn aflnsfx¿sf ;Gb/ eljio lgdf)f ug {
]
;lsG% eGg ljZjf; lyof . pgsf afn ;flxTo ;DaGwL /rgf w]/} %g\ . …k')ofTdf
]
]
'
]
cfdf’, …/fdsf syf’, …syfsf a^nf’, …kno ktLIff’, …^k/L’, …efstlKt’, …bjsdf/L
]
'
[
|
|
]
]
yfkfsf kltlglw syfx¿’ cflb pgsf ;flxlTos /rgf xg . pgL ;Dkfbs /xL ksfzg
|
\
'
|
]
]
]
]
]
ePsf …lxdfn lszf/’ klxnf gkfnL afn klýsf xf . pgn afn aflnsfx¿sf dgsf
]
efjgf a'em/ afn klýsfnfO{ lgs} /f]rs agfpg] k|oTg ul/g\ . pgsf /rgfx¿df
]
]
]
]
]
|
|
/fi^«elStsf ;Gbz klg kz:t kfOG% . pgs k/)ffn gkfnL ;flxTo / afn ;flxTo
}
]
|
}
]
]
nvgdf w/n kjz u/ .
]
]
]
\
]
]
'
bjsdf/Ln :jf:Yo Ifýdf klg sfd ul/g . pgn] lj/f^gu/sf] afn dlGb/df lt;
]
F
F
'
]
\
{
]
]
jif;Dd sfd u// c;n ;jfsf pbfx/)f lbOg . pgn ufp ufpdf #d/ afns, dlxnf,
]
]
[
\
\
{
]
]
jbwnufot w/ czSt / la/fdLx¿sf pkrf/ ul/g . :jf:Yo Ifýdf sfd ubf pgnfO {
}
]
]
]
\
|
]
;dfh ;jf ug k/)ff kfKt eof . pgn lxdfn dlxnf ;+#, gkfnL ;flxTo ;Ddng
]
{
]
]
|
]
ª
]
]
'
\
\
cflbaf^ ;dfh ;jf ;? ul/g . To;kl% ljljw ;fdflhs ;:yfdf sfd ul/g . pgL bz
ljkGg
ljkGg
ljkGg
{
ljbzsf ljleGg sfojmddf ;xefuL algg\ . pgL c;xfoc;xfo, pTkLl*t, ljkGgljkGg / /f]uu|:t
]
|
c;xfo
c;xfo
c;xfo
'
[
'
dfgj ;dbfosf bMv, lk/ x^fpg ;w tTk/ /lxg . pgL ljleGg ;fdflhs, ;f:slts /
}
F
\
ª
]
]
\
zlIfs ;:yfdf klg sfo/t lyOg\ . pgL lj/f^ ;flxTo ;:yfsf cWoIf eOg . afn
}
{
ª
ª
st st{Jo{Jo – ugkg sfd, bfloTj
st st
{
{{Jo
]
Jo
'
st{Jo
{
Joj:yf – aGbfa:t
Joj:yf
Joj:yf
Joj:yf
Joj:yf
]
c;xfo
c;xfo
c;xfo
c;xfo
c;xfo – ;xof]uL gePsf], a];xf/f
ljkGg
ljkGg – ul/a
ljkGg
ljkGg
ljkGg
]
gkfnL, sIff 8

\
|
'
|
|
ª
'
\
]
;flxTo ;dfh, u?sn ljbofno, gkfn k!f klti&fg cflb ;:yfdf klg pgL ;ljmo eOg .
\
o; ksf/ pgn cgsf ;:yfdf /x/ ;dfh ;jfdf pNnvgLo ofubfg ul/g .
]
]
]
ª
]
F
}
]
]
|
]
{
]
'
]
\
bjsdf/L yfkf afn aflnsfx¿sf x/rfx / lzIffdf ;jflws ?lr /flVyg . pgL
}
\
]
'
]
k(fpg sfddf klg Hofb l;kfn lyOg . bjsdf/L ;fbf hLjg / pRr ljrf/df ljZjf;
'
|
{
uly{g\ . ;s;Dd To;nfO Jojxf/df ptfg] kof; ulyg . afnd}ýL jftfj/)fdf lzIff
\
]
{
{
lbg ;anfO ;Nnfx lblGyg\ . pgsf] of] ljrf/ / Jojxf/n] w]/}nfO{ k|efj kf/]sf]
{
}
lyof] . ljleGg ;df/f]xdf ;xefuL eP/ pgn] /fv]sf ljrf/x¿af^ ;a} k|efljt x'Gy] .
{
]
pgsf ljrf/ hLjg pkofuL / ;f/ulet klg lyP .
Curriculum Development Centre
{
\
]
ª
}
'
'
\
]
]
bjsdf/Ln cfkmg vrdf aa/l;x yfkf ;jf u&L :yfkgf ul/g . pgL axdvL kltefsL
'
|
'
F
]
'
\
]
]
]
wgL lyOg . pgn ljleGg Ifýdf lbPsf ofubfgsf sb/:j¿k pgnfO{ pTtd sj/
]
]
]
]
'
k/:sf/, kltef k/:sf/, dxGb k!f k/:sf/ cflbaf^ ;Ddfg ul/of . pgL ;jf kbs, uf/vf
'
|
]
|
|
'
blIf)f afx, /Tg>L :j)f kbs cflbaf^ klg ljelift eOg . pgsf] sd{zLn hLjgaf^
'
"
\
{
ª
|
{
kefljt eP/ pgnfO lj=;= 2055 df gful/s clegGbg klg ul/of .
]
] clGtd lj>fdclGtd lj>fd
}
clGtd lj>fd lnOg . pgn o; wtLaf^ labf
bjsdf/Ln lj=;= 2068 jzfv 22 ut clGtd lj>fdclGtd lj>fd \ ] {
]
'
]
ª
clj:d/)fLo sfdn pgnfO cd/ agfPsf % . gkfnL ;flxTo, afn ;flxTo
lnP klg pgsf clj:d/)fLoclj:d/)fLo ] { ] ]
clj:d/)fLo
clj:d/)fLo
kýsfl/tf
kýsfl/tf
}
]
]
/ kýsfl/tfkýsfl/tfdf pgn slxNo glgEg lbof afnsL %g . ;fdflhs ;jfsf Ifýdf pgL
]
]
]
\
]
kýsfl/tf
[
]
]
\
]
}
]
\
;asf pbfx/)f agsL %g . lzIff ;jfdf pgL To;/L g} afnsblv jbw;Ddsf nflu
|
k/s JolStTj agsL %g . pgn] afn ;]jfnufot dfgj ;]jf / /fi^« ;]jfsf lglDt c;n
]
\
]
ky k
ky kbzs
ky k bz { s
ky k
{{ssf] sfd u/]sL %g\ . ;du|df pgL lzIff, ;flxTo / ;dfh ;]jfsf If]ýdf k|]/)ffsL
||bz{s{s
||bz
ky k|bz
dxfg ag]sL %g\ .
' d d'xfg
'
dxfg
' d'xfg
xfg
clGtd lj>fd – d[To'
clGtd lj>fd
clGtd lj>fd
clGtd lj>fd
clGtd lj>fd
clj:d/)fLo – la;g g;lsg ]
{
clj:d/)fLo
clj:d/)fLo
clj:d/)fLo
clj:d/)fLo
kýsfl/tf – ký klýsf ;Dkfbg u/L ksfzg ug sfd
kýsfl/tf
kýsfl/tf
kýsfl/tf
kýsfl/tf
{
]
|
||bz{s
]
]
ky k
ky k|bz{s
ky k bz { s – af^f bvfpg ]
ky k|bz{sky k|bz{s
|
"
' d d'xfg
d d'xfg'xfg – dn ;ft
]
xfg
d'xfg
g]kfnL, sIff 8

F(RI
F(RI
F(RI
F(RI
F(RI
]
]
]]sf] klg ;'g .
k( / ;fyLn
}}kfnf] k( / ;fyLn
kfnf
]
k(
]
]] k( / ;fyLn] k(]sf] klg ;'g .] k(]sf] klg ;'g .
1= kf& kfn
1= kf& kfn}kfnf k( / ;fyLn] k(sf klg ;g .
1= kf& kfn
1= kf& kfn
1= kf& kfn}kfnf}kfnf] k( / ;fyLn] k( sf ] klg ; ' g .
'
Ps jfSodf pTt/ eg M
Ps jfSodf pTt/ eg M
2= 2= 2= 2= 2= Ps jfSodf pTt/ eg M
Ps jfSodf pTt/ eg M
Ps jfSodf pTt/ eg M
F
'
]
]
-s_ bjsdf/Lsf hGd sxf / slxn ePsf lyof <
]
]
]
]
-v_ bjsdf/L yfkfn lsg afn ;flxTosf k:ts nVg yflng <
\
'
]
]
'
]
Curriculum Development Centre
'
{
'
ª
}
\
]
\
-u_ bjsdf/Ln cfkmg vrdf sg ;:yf :yfkgf ul/g <
]
'
\
'
]
-#_ bjsdf/L yfkf sg sg Ifýdf pbfx/)f agsL %g <
'
]
]
3= hf*f ldnfpm M
3= hf
3= hf
3= hf]*f ldnfpm M
]]*f ldnfpm M
3= hf ]]*f ldnfpm M
*f ldnfpm M
-s_ bjsdf/L yfkfsf hGd:yfg afn dlGb/
]
]
'
-v_ klxnf gkfnL afn klýsf lxdfn lszf/
]
]
]
{
-u_ dfgjsf dVo stJo eljio
]
'
-#_ bjsdf/Ln lt; jif;Dd ;jf u/sf ;:yf v/;f+
]
]
{
'
]
]
ª
]
-+_ lj/f^ ;flxTo ;:yf ;jf
]
ª
cWoIf
˜
l&s pTt/df l&s -˜ _ lrx\g nufpm M
l&s pTt/df l&s -˜˜ _ lrx\g nufpm M _ lrx\g nufpm M
l&s pTt/df l&s -
l&s pTt/df l&s -
4= 4= 4= 4= 4= l&s pTt/df l&s -˜ _ lrx\g nufpm M
\
_ lrx
g nufpm M
]
]
F
'
]
]
]
-s_ bjsdf/L yfkfn u/sf gof sfd s xf <
]
]
|
-c_ afn syf nvg -cf_ afn klýsf ksfzg
{
-O_ afn gf^s d~rg -O_ afn dlGb/ ;~rfng
]
'
]
'
ª
-v_ bjsdf/L cWoIf /xsf ;:yf sg xf <
]
]
|
-c_ lj/f^ ;flxTo ;:yf -cf_ afn klýsf ksfzg
ª
«
{
{
-O_ afn gf^s d~rg -O_ cGt/fli^o d~r
]] zAb %fg]/ vfnL &fpF e/L jfSo k'/f u/ M
'
ldNg zAb %fg/ vfnL &fp e/L jfSo k/f u/ M
F
F
]
e/L jfSo k
'
zAb %fg
/ vfnL &fp
]
5= ldNg] zAb %fg]/ vfnL &fpF e/L jfSo k'/f u/ MldNg] zAb %fg]/ vfnL &fpF e/L jfSo k'/f u/ M
]
/f u/ M
ldNg
ldNg
}
}
]
]
-s_ c;n sfddf xf;nf lbg JolSt ================== xG%g . -yf/, Hofb, clnslt_
'
}
\
]
gkfnL, sIff 8

'
\
}
]
]
{
-v_ afn aflnsfx¿ g bzsf eljio ================================ xg . -ef/, lgdftf, vnf*L_
'
-u_ gkfnL ;flxTodf bjsdf/Lsf ================= :yfg % . -ulx/f], ljlzi^, rsf]_ {
]
]
]
]

'
-#_ lxdfn lszf]/ klxnf] g]kfnL =============== xf . -afn klýsf, lxdfn lzz, afn ;flxTo_
]]v M
6= pTt/ nv M
6= pTt/ n
]]v M
6= pTt/ n
6= pTt/ n]v M
6= pTt/ n v M
-s_ bjsdf/Lsf afn ;flxTodf s:tf ofubfg /xsf % <
]
]
]
]
'
]
]
-v_ bjsdf/LnfO lsg pRr ljrf/ ePsL JolSt elgG% <
'
]
{
-u_ bjsdf/L yfkfnfO s sf/)fn gful/s clegGbg ul/of <
'
]
]
]
Curriculum Development Centre
{
]
'
]
'
]
|
{
-#_ bjsdf/L yfkfnfO lsg k/)ffsL dxfg dflgG% <
\
'
]
'
]
]
-+_ bjsdf/L yfkfn s s:tf ;Ddfg / k/:sf/ kfOg <
7= b]js'df/L yfkfn] lzIff, :jf:Yo / ;flxTodf lbPsf] of]ubfgsf] rrf{ u/ . b]js'df/L yfkfn] lzIff, :jf:Yo / ;flxTodf lbPsf] of]ubfgsf] rrf{ u/ .
7=
7= b]js'df/L yfkfn] lzIff, :jf:Yo / ;flxTodf lbPsf] of]ubfgsf] rrf{ u/ .
7= b ] js df/L yfkfn ] lzIff, :jf:Yo / ;flxTodf lbPsf of ] ] ubfgsf ] rrf u/ .
{
{
]
]
'
'
]
7= bjsdf/L yfkfn lzIff, :jf:Yo / ;flxTodf lbPsf ofubfgsf rrf u/ .
]
]
]] t];|f] cg'R%]b k(L rf/ cf]^f a'Fbfx¿ l^k]/ ;f/fªz n]v .
]
|
bfx¿ l^k
cg
t
F
ª
]
;
8= kf&sf] t];|f] cg'R%]b k(L rf/ cf]^f a'Fbfx¿ l^k]/ ;f/fªz n]v .
f
'
8= kf&sf
v .
R%
'
8= kf&sf] t];|f] cg'R%]b k(L rf/ cf]^f a'Fbfx¿ l^k]/ ;f/fªz n]v .8= kf&sf] t];|f] cg'R%]b k(L rf/ cf]^f a'Fbfx¿ l^k]/ ;f/fªz n]v .
z n
b k(L rf/ cf
]
^f a
]
]
8= kf&sf
/ ;f/f
]
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
9= 9= 9= 9= 9= tn %\of;ld; kf/]/ ljk/LtfyL{ zAb /flvPsf %g\ . pbfx/)f x]/L\of;ld; kf/]/ ljk/LtfyL{ zAb /flvPsf %g\ . pbfx/)f x]/L
tn %
tn %
tn %
\\of;ld; kf/]/ ljk/LtfyL{ zAb /flvPsf %g\ . pbfx/)f x]/L
{
/L
. pbfx/)f x
]

zAb /flvPsf %g
of;ld; kf/
/ ljk/LtfyL
]
tn %\of;ld; kf/]/ ljk/LtfyL{ zAb /flvPsf %g\ . pbfx/)f x]/L
\
ldNg] zAb %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M] zAb %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M
ldNg ]] zAb %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M
ldNg
ldNg] zAb %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M
]
ldNg
zAb %fg
/ hf
]
*f ldnfpm M
pbfx/)f M ;Ifd = c;Ifd
]
}
lzlIft, kTgL, ;xfo, clzlIft, klt, ljkGg, yf/, c;xfo, ;DkGg, ;ljmo,
|
]
w/, lglijmo, c;n, ?lr, v/fa, gld&f, c?lr, ld&f ]
]
|
}
10=
10= tnsf zAbsf] cy{ atfpm M] cy{ atfpm M
tnsf zAbsf
tnsf zAbsf
10=
]] cy{ atfpm M
tnsf zAbsf
{
tnsf zAbsf] cy{ atfpm M
10=
cy
10=
atfpm M
}
{
{
{
hu, k/)ff, lgdftf, cd/, pbfx/)f, Joj:yf, rftkmL, xf;nf, stJo, cl*u
]
|
}
{
''Ng] u/L jfSodf k|of]u u/ M
{ cy cy{ v'Ng] u/L jfSodf k|of]u u/ M'Ng] u/L jfSodf k|of]u u/ M
{ cy{ v
v
]
|
]
]
|
11= 11= 11= cy v ' Ng ] u/L jfSodf k of u u/ M
11= 11=
cy vNg u/L jfSodf kofu u/ M
cfkmGt, cfhLjg, dfgj, ;dlkt, k/)ffbfoL, dxfg
|
]
{
'
pRrf/)f / lxHh ]
pRrf/)f / lxHh
pRrf/)f / lxHh
pRrf/)f / lxHh]]]]
pRrf/)f / lxHh
l&s pRrf/)f u/ M
l&s pRrf/)f u/ M
12=
12=
12= l&s pRrf/)f u/ M
l&s pRrf/)f u/ M
l&s pRrf/)f u/ M
12=
12=
|
|
|
k/s, kltefzfnL, ky kbzs, :j)f kbs, kfT;fxg, ;du, pbfx/)f
]
]
|
|
{
{
g]kfnL, sIff 8

l&s lxHh
l&s lxHh
13= 13=
]] ePsf] zAb %fg]/ n]v M] zAb %fg]/ n]v M
]] ePsf
l&s lxHh
13= 13= 13= l&s lxHh] ePsf ]] zAb %fg]/ n]v M
]
zAb %fg
v M
/ n
]
]
ePsf
l&s lxHh ePsf zAb %fg/ nv M
]
]
-s_ ;GttL zGtlt ;Gtlt
-v_ ljljw lalaw ljjLw
"
'
-u_ ljeifLt ljelift laelift
"
}
}
-#_ jfndýL afnd}ýL afndlý
{
|
-+_ kbzs kbifs kb;s
{
|
{
Curriculum Development Centre
-r_ clj:d/l)fo clj:d/)fLo cla:d/gLo
lzIfsaf^ ;
14= lzIfsaf^ ;'g]/ tnsf zAbx¿sf] pRrf/)f u/ MlzIfsaf^ ;'g]/ tnsf zAbx¿sf] pRrf/)f u/ M
14=
''g]/ tnsf zAbx¿sf] pRrf/)f u/ M
]
/ tnsf zAbx¿sf
g
lzIfsaf^ ;'g]/ tnsf zAbx¿sf] pRrf/)f u/ M
lzIfsaf^ ;
14=
14=
14=
pRrf/)f u/ M
]
{
-s_ stJo, eljio, JolStTj, cl:tTj, cGofo, sGof, dfGo
-v_ ^f&f, tftf, tf/f, ^f(f, &fd, yfd, *fd, bfd, */, b/
]
]
F
'
F
\
-u_ hg, emg, hfg, emfg, *f&, bft, #fd, bfg, wfg, u)f, ug
'
'
-#_ cd/, cj;/, c;/, c;f/, ;fag, ;fpg, ;*, ;g
'
'
F
|
\
\
{
\
'
-+_ zbw, abw, axd, adf, dfem, ;fbf, ;femf
'
cg
]
]
v .
15=
15= kf&sf] bf];|f] cg'R%]b lzIfsaf^ ;'g]/ n]v .kf&sf] bf];|f] cg'R%]b lzIfsaf^ ;'g]/ n]v .
|
f
'
R%
]
b lzIfsaf^ ;
]
/ n
'
g
15=
15=
]] bf];|f] cg'R%]b lzIfsaf^ ;'g]/ n]v .
bf
15=
;
kf&sf
kf&sf] bf];|f] cg'R%]b lzIfsaf^ ;'g]/ n]v .
]
kf&sf
sfo
sfo{d"ns Jofs/)f{d"ns Jofs/)f
sfo
sfo{d"ns Jofs/)f
d
{{d"ns Jofs/)f
"
ns Jofs/)f
sfo
16= k(, a
''em / u/ M
16= k(, a
16= k(, a'em / u/ M
em / u/ M
16= k(, a
16= k(, aem / u/ M
''em / u/ M
-s_ tnsf] cg'R%]bdf /]vf+\lst kbx¿sf] sf/s klxrfg u/ M
-s_ tnsf] cg'R%]bdf /]vf+\lst kbx¿sf] sf/stnsf] cg'R%]bdf /]vf+\lst kbx¿sf] sf/s klxrfg u/ M klxrfg u/ M
-s_
-s_
R%
]
]
lst kbx¿sf
bdf /
sf/s
klxrfg u/ M
tnsf
]
'
cg
]
vf+
-s_ tnsf] cg'R%]bdf /]vf+\lst kbx¿sf] sf/s klxrfg u/ M
\
]
]
]
]
[
]
'
]
}
\
bjsdf/L yfkfn w]/ sltx¿ nlvg . pgn] afn ;flxTon gkfnL ;flxTosf e)*f/
]
]
]
\
{
\
el/g . pgn afn aflnsfx¿nfO bl/nf kfOnf rfNg l;sfOg . pgn bogLo
cj:yfaf^ afn ;flxTonfO{ prflng\ . g]kfnL afn ;flxTodf pgsf] &'nf]
of]ubfg % .
|
"
]
]
dflysf jfSodf /vf+lst kbn ljmofkbsf dfWodaf^ u/sf sfdsf eldsf JoSt
\
]
]
]
]
\
]
'
]
]
\
]
\
u/sf %g . dflysf cgR%bdf /vf+lst kbn sf/ssf sfd u/sf %g .
]
gkfnL, sIff 8
]

sf/s / ljelStsf af/]df yk hfgsf/Lsf nflu tnsf] tflnsf k( M]df yk hfgsf/Lsf nflu tnsf] tflnsf k( M
sf/s / ljelStsf af/ ]]df yk hfgsf/Lsf nflu tnsf] tflnsf k( M
sf/s / ljelStsf af/
sf/s / ljelStsf af/
df yk hfgsf/Lsf nflu tnsf
sf/s / ljelStsf af/]df yk hfgsf/Lsf nflu tnsf] tflnsf k( M
]
tflnsf k( M
ljelSt lrx
ljelSt lrx\g\g
sf/s
ljelSt lrx \\g ljelSt sf/s c y { {
ljelSt lrx


cy
cy{ cy{{
cy
sf/s
ljelSt
ljelSt sf/ssf/s
ljelSt
ljelSt lrx\g
ljelSt
g
|
]
n, af^, åf/f kydf stf{ h;n] sfd u%{ .
nfO { låtLof sd{ h'g sfd ul/G% .
[
\
]
]
]
n, af^, åf/f ttLof s/)f h;sf dbbtn sfd ul/G% .
'
|
nfO { rtyL { ;Dkbfg h;sf lglDt sfd ul/G% .
F
'
'
\
]
blv, af^ k~rdL ckfbfg hxfaf^ %^l^P/ sfd xG% .
]
sf, sf, sL, /f, /f ifi&L cfk;df gftf jf ;DaGw
]
Curriculum Development Centre
/L, gf, gf, gL a'emfpF% .
]
'
}
]
]
'
df ;KtdL clws/)f sg s/f /xg jf cl*g cfwf/
a'emfpF% .
-v_
-v_ sf/saf/] c sf/saf/] cemem :ki^ kfg{ sf/ssf] gfd, klxrfg ug]{ pbfx/)fx¿ :ki^ kfg{ sf/ssf] gfd, klxrfg ug]{ pbfx/)fx¿
:ki^ kfg
gfd, klxrfg ug
pbfx/)fx¿
{
sf/ssf
]
{
]
]
c
em
-v_ sf/saf/] cem :ki^ kfg{ sf/ssf] gfd, klxrfg ug]{ pbfx/)fx¿
sf/saf/
-v_ sf/saf/] cem :ki^ kfg{ sf/ssf] gfd, klxrfg ug]{ pbfx/)fx¿
-v_
o; k|sf/ lbOPsf %g\ M|sf/ lbOPsf %g\ M
||sf/ lbOPsf %g\ M
o; k
o; k|sf/ lbOPsf %g\ M
o; k
o; k sf/ lbOPsf %g \ M
stf{ M h;n] sfd u%{ .
]
-c_ bjsdf/Ln /fd|/L kl(g\ .
'
]
-cf_ pgn syf n]lvg\ .
]
-O_ ;/sf/af^ r'gfj #f]if)ff eof] .
{
sd M h'g sfd ul/G% .
-c_ bjsdf/Ln k':ts kl(g\ .
]
'
]
-cf_ pgn lgaGw n]lvg\ .
]
-O_ kdfn *f]NdfnfO{ e]l^g\ .
]
]
]
s/)f M h;sf dbbtn sfd ul/G% .
]
\
'
]
-c_ bjsdf/L cfkmg k|ltefn] k|l;b\w algg\ .
\
}
}
\
-cf_ pgL cfkmg ldlxg]tn] ;kmn eOg\ .
]
-O_ ;flxTosf/x¿ sndn ;ª;f/ lhT%g\ .
|
;Dkbfg M h;sf lglDt sfd ul/G% .
'
]
-c_ bjsdf/Ln afn aflnsfnfO{ lstfa lbOg\ .
]
g]kfnL, sIff 8

]
{
]
\
-cf_ pgn gkfnL ;flxTonfO dfof ul/g .
]
-O_ xfdLn b]js'df/LnfO{ >b\wf ug'{k%{ .
F
ckfbfg M hxfaf^ %^l^P/ sfd xG% .
'
\
'
'
-c_ bjsdf/L yfkf bflh{ln+af^ g]kfn cfOg\ .
]
{
-cf_ pgn bogLo cj:yfaf^ ;dfhnfO dfly prflng\ .
]
\
}
]
]
-O_ pgn ;fgblv sljtf nVg yflng .
]
Curriculum Development Centre
'
]
'
F
'
clws/)f M sg s/f /xg jf cl*g cfwf/ aemfp% .
}
]
-c_ b]js'df/Ldf k|ltef lyof] .
]
-cf_ pgsf d'^'df g]kfnL ;dfhsf] dfof lyof] .
-O_ pgn afnsx¿df b]zsf] eljio b]lvg\ .
]
g /fv
= sf
;+
]
]
= sf
7= sf]i&sdf lbOPsf] ;+\s]tcg';f/ ljelSt lrx\g /fv]/ vfnL &fpF k'/f u/ M= sf]i&sdf lbOPsf] ;+\s]tcg';f/ ljelSt lrx\g /fv]/ vfnL &fpF k'/f u/ M
;f/ ljelSt lrx
]
]
1 1 1 1 17 77 7= sfi&sdf lbOPsf ;+stcg;f/ ljelSt lrxg /fv/ vfnL &fp k/f u/ M
'
'
]
s
\
'
tcg
]
\
F
\
]]i&sdf lbOPsf] ;+\s]tcg';f/ ljelSt lrx\g /fv]/ vfnL &fpF k'/f u/ M
F
\
/ vfnL &fp
'
/f u/ M
k
i&sdf lbOPsf
]
-s_ cK;/f ============== gof lstfa lslgg . -kydf ljelSt_
|
\
F
\
F
]
'
]
-v_ ;fg efO ================= afnfpl%g . -låtLof ljelSt_
-u_ xl/ laxfg } =============== k(b % . -k~rdL ljelSt_
}
\
]
-#_ ufkfn snd =============== lr&L nV%g . -ttLof ljelSt_
]
[
\
]
'
-+_ d/f ^an ============== #*L % . -;KtdL ljelSt_
]
]
]]vf+\lst zAbsf] sf/s %'^\ofpm M
18= /]vf+\lst zAbsf] sf/s %'^\ofpm M]vf+\lst zAbsf] sf/s %'^\ofpm M
18= /
18= /
18= /
sf/s %
]
\
vf+
lst zAbsf
^
\
ofpm M
18= /]vf+\lst zAbsf] sf/s %'^\ofpm M
'
-s_ lrýn]vfn] Ogf/af^ afN^Ldf kfgL lems]/ NofOg\ / efOnfO{ lbOg\ .
]
-v_ ;Gtfifn] n&&Ln] ;knfO lxsf{of] .
\
{
{
-u_ dgf]hn] sndn] lr&L n]v]/ cfkm\gf] ;fyLnfO{ k&fP .
gkfnL, sIff 8
]

l;h{gfTds cEof;{gfTds cEof;
l;h
l;h
l;h{gfTds cEof;
gfTds cEof;
{{gfTds cEof;
l;h
''Fbfx¿sf cfwf/df %f]^f] hLjgL n]v M
19= tnsf a'Fbfx¿sf cfwf/df %f]^f] hLjgL n]v M19= tnsf a'Fbfx¿sf cfwf/df %f]^f] hLjgL n]v M
19= tnsf a
19= tnsf a
bfx¿sf cfwf/df %f
F
hLjgL n
]
19= tnsf a'Fbfx¿sf cfwf/df %f]^f] hLjgL n]v M
]
v M
]
^f
;flxlTos gfd M kfl/hft
'
'
jf:tljs gfd M lji)fsdf/L jfOaf
}
ª
hGd M lj=;= 1994 jzfv
]
{
F
hGd:yfg M bflhln+sf lnluof lrof aufg -ef/t_
'
dftflktf M cdtfbjL / sfnl;x jfOaf
ª
[
]
lzIff M aL=P=
]
ª
;nUgtf M …/fNkmf’ eGg ;flxlTos cfGbfngsf gtTj, kultzLn nvs
[
]
]
|
]
]
;+#sf :yfkgf, clvn gkfn dlxnf d~r / aGbL ;xfotf
]
]
\
\
]
lgofusf ;:yfks cWoIf, gkfn dfgj clwsf/ ;+u&gsf
]
ª
;:yfks pkfWoIf
ª
|
ksflzt sltx¿
[
Curriculum Development Centre
]
|
\
|
syf ;+ux M …cflbd bz’, …;*s / kltef’ cflb
sljtf ;+ux M…cfsf+\Iff’, …kfl/hftsf sljtf’ cflb
\
|
pkGof; M …lz/Lifsf kmn’, …dxTtfxLg’, …a;sf dfG%’ cflb
]
F
]
}
'
]
lgaGw ;+ux M …cfwL cfsfz’
\
|
cfTd ;:d/)f M …wkL ;Nnf / nfnL u/f;sf kmbdf’
'
]
ª
]
F
'
]
;flxlTos ljziftfx¿
kultjfbL bli^sf)f / jmflGt rtgfsf kefj k/sf ]
]
|
]
]
|
]
|
[
ul/a, bMvL tyf c;xfoklt ljzif ;xfgelt /fVg ]
'
'
]
|
"
;flxTon ;dfh ;wf/ ug ;Sgk% eGg ljrf/ JoSt ug ;+#ifzLn
{
{
]
\
'
{
'
]
{
]
;flxTosf/
'
'
'
'
'
;Ddfg / k/:sf/ M dbg k/:sf/ -2022_, ou!fg k/:sf/ -2027_ kf)*lnlk
'
k/:sf/ -2049_, u+sL j;Gw/f k/:sf/ -2049_ cflb
\
'
'
}
[
'
ª
dTo M lj=;= 2050 jzfv 5, sf&df*f F }
g]kfnL, sIff 8

| u u|Gylrý
Gylrý
u|Gylrý
kf& M 4
kf& M 4
kf& M 4
kf& M 4 u u|Gylrý|Gylrý
kf& M 4
||axfb'/ výL
OGb
axfb
– – – – –OGb|axfb'/ výL
'
OGb
OGb
OGb|axfb'/ výL|axfb'/ výL
/ výL
]
]
[
{
|
|
[
]
{
dflg; ksltsf l;hgzLn kf)fL xf . p;n cfkm hGdsf ksltdf cgs l;hgf / lj/f^ \
]
]
"
|
]
"
snfsf :j¿kx¿ bvsf % . ksltsf dg df]xsdg df]xs snf;u /dfpb dflg; cfkmn klg
F
]
]
}
|
[
F
]
]
]
dg df
dg dfxs
]]xs
xs
dg df
]
cfljisf/ klg u/]sf] % .
}
]
]
[
}
]
[
|
] cfljisf/cfljisf/
|
ksltaf^ w/ snf l;ssf % . ksltaf^ p;n snfsf cfljisf/cfljisf/
]
{
]
]
]
ksltn l;hgf u/sf lxdfnx¿ d;Ss d:s/fPsf bvkl% dflg; nfleG% . To;nfO {
'
'
]
|
[
'
'
]
u|Gylrý Curriculum Development Centre
|
F
}
{
{
]
]
\
cfkmgf dgel/ ;hfpb sfkLsf kfgfdf ptfg koTg u% . To;df /]vf sf]%{, /+ e%{ .
]
clg p;sf snf sfuhsf kfgfel/ l;ufl/G% / lrýsnf hGdG% . oxL lrýsnf dfgj
F
'
‡
'
[
]
]
]
}
F
ª
}
]
;Eotfsf ljsf;;u ljljw Ifý, ljwf, ;:sf/ / ;:slt xb cufl* a(sf % . cfwlgs
ª
|
]
ou;Dd cfOkUbf dflg;n ljleGg snf;u kl/lrt xg dfsf kfPsf % . kfrLg uGydf
|
F
}
'
'
]
]
'
'
snf
jf:t
jf:tsnf
''snf
{
ljifo j:tsf efj;u sfl/Psf lrýsnf dfý geP/ dltsnf, jf:t'snfjf:t'snf, g[Tosnfn]
}
'
"
]
F
]
jf:t
]
{
\
'
]
dfgj dgnfO nfEofPsf %g . lrýsnfn dfgj hLjgsf jf:tljstf aemfPsf %,
]
]
'
]
Oltxf;sf lrý lvrsf % / jtdfgnfO ;hfPsf % . dflg;n lstfasf ;Gb/ lrýx¿
{
]
]
]
{
]
x%, ký klýsfdf cgs y/L lrýx¿ / Jo+Uo lrý x// d:s/fp% . st dfgj hLjgsf ]
]
}
\
'
]
]
{
]
F
'
;hLj lrý b]V% eg] st} ;fdflhs b/j:yf ;d]l^Psf Jo+\Uo lrýx¿ e]^\% . oL ;a}
;hLj b b'/j:yf
;hLj
;hLj
' b'/j:yf
' b'/j:yf
/j:yf
;hLj
'
]
'
]
]
]
|
|
lsl;dsf snfsf pTklTtsf] cfwf/ e"ld kfrLg oublv ;? ePsf uGylrý xf .
]
'
lrýsnfsf Oltxf; lgs k/fgf % . o;sf ;DaGw dfgj ;Eotfsf Oltxf;;u hfl*Psf ]
]
}
F
]
}
]
]
ª
}
"
{
]
]
F
% . dfgj ;Eotfsf ljsf;;u wd, ;:slt, ;fdflhs dNo / dfGotfsf ljsf; ePsf ]
[
{
}
xf . oL s/fx¿nfO cfwf/ agfpb lgdf)f ul/Psf lrýx¿ k/Dk/fut lrýsnfcGtut
{
F
{
'
]
|
]
| u u|Gylrý
u u|Gylrý|Gylrý – uGy jf zf:ýsf syfdf cfwfl/t lrý
Gylrý
{
]
dg df
xs
]]xs
dg df
dg df]xs
'
]
{
{
]
dg df]xsdg df]xs – dgnfO dflxt jf dUw kfg, dgnfO nfEofpg ]
cfljisf/
]
cfljisf/
cfljisf/ – kTtf nufpg sfd, gof s/fsf vfhL
cfljisf/
]
F
'
cfljisf/
]
jf:t ''snf – #/, b/af/, bjfno cflb lgdf)f ug znL, ljzif snf
jf:t'snf
jf:t
jf:t'snf'snf
jf:t
{
{
]
]
snf
]
}
;hLj – lhpbf, gd/sf ]
]
]
;hLj
;hLj
F
;hLj
;hLj
b'/j:yf
/j:yf
' b b'/j:yf
b b'/j:yf'/j:yf – g/fdf cj:yf
]
|
gkfnL, sIff 8
]

cfw
lgs
cfwlgs
cfw
'
''lgs lrýsnfsf] ;'?jft eg] lgs} kl% dfý ePsf] kfOG% . k/Dk/fut
kb{%g\ . cfw'lgscfw'lgs
kfjflrý
}
jflrý
gkfnL lrýx¿df kf}jflrýkf}jflrý
} kf kf}jflrý, u|Gylrý, d'xf/ lrý, b[Zolrý cflb kb{%g\ . oL ljljw
]
|
]
]
]
[
]
]
lrýx¿dWo uGylrýsf ljzif dxTTj /lxcfPsf % . uGylrý nlnt snfnlnt snfsf bZoebcGtut
{
]
nlnt snf
|
nlnt snf
nlnt snf
kb{% .
\ %fkfvfgf%fkfvfgf
|
%fkfvfgf
gkfndf kfOPsf kfrLg lrýx¿ uGylrý xg . %fkfvfgf%fkfvfgfsf] cfljisf/ x'g'eGbf klxn]
]
|
'
]
x:t lnlvt
{
x:t lnlvt
|
x:t lnlvt
{
]
]
]
]
dflg;x¿n cfjZos kg lrýx¿ xftn sfy . To:tf lrýx¿ x:t lnlvtx:t lnlvt uGyx¿df
F
|
]
'
]
]
nlvPsf ljifo j:t / efj;u ldNg vfnsf xGy . oxLaf^ uGylrýsf pTklTt ePsf xf ]
]
'
]
F
|
} ;"Id;"Id
;Id ¿kdf sfl/Psf x'G%g\ .
'
"
]
eGg cgdfg ul/G% . o:tf uGylrýx¿ Hofb ;"Id;"Id ]
| Curriculum Development Centre
]
|
kfrLg sfnblv g uGysf aflx/L uftfdf lrý agfOGYof] . To; u/L leýL efudf klg
}
}
|
]
{
lrý agfOGYof . o;sf/)f uGylrýnfO aflx/L / leýL u/L bO efudf ljefhg ul/Psf ]
|
'
{
]
kfOG% . k':tssf] kfgf jf leýL efusf] ;'/Iffsf nflu uftf agfpg] rng % . k|frLg
|
]
]
|
|
;dodf uGysf uftf agfpg kfoM sf&sf lrNnf kmNofsx¿ kofu ul/Gy . o:tf uftfsf
bjlt/ To; uGydf cfwfl/t eP/ lrýx¿ agfOGYof . tL lrýx¿nfO uftflrý elgG% .
'
{
]
}
cfw'lgs
lgs
''lgs
]
cfw
{
cfw'lgscfw'lgs – clxnsf, jtdfg
cfw
]
]
]
]
kf}jflrý
} kf kf}jflrý
}
jflrý
]
kf kf}jflrý}jflrý – sfuh, sk*f cflbdf bjL bjtfsf lrý nlvPsf, kfrLg znLsf lrý
]
|
]
nlnt snf – dgsf efj JoSt ug lrý, dlt, jf:t, lzNk, ;+uLt cflbsf snf
nlnt snf
"
nlnt snf
nlnt snf
]
]
{
\
{
'
]
nlnt snf
]
|
%fkfvfgf
]
{
%fkfvfgf
%fkfvfgf
%fkfvfgf – %kfO ug &fp jf k;
F
%fkfvfgf
x:t lnlvt
x:t lnlvt – xftn nlvPsf ]
x:t lnlvt
]
x:t lnlvt
]
x:t lnlvt
]
\
" ;"Id
;"Id
]
{
Id
'
{
; ;"Id;"Id – clt ulx/fOdf uP/ efj JoSt ug, clt ;fgf ljifo j:tnfO ;d^g ]
g]kfnL, sIff 8

\
'
k:tsleý j)fg ul/Psf ljifo j:tx¿nfO ;/n tl/sfn aemfpg ljifo jf k;+ucg;f/
{
|
'
{
'
]
'
] / /]vflrý
\
]
\ /+ /+\uLg lrý kfgfsf] %]pdf agfOGYof] . cfjZostfg';f/ kfgfsf] tn jf dfly klg
] /]vflrý
/vflrý jf /+\uLg lrý/+\uLg lrý
/vflrý /+uLg lrý
vflrý
uLg lrý
]
{
'
{
{
]
{
]
lrýx¿ sfg ul/GYof . o;/L ljifo j:tsf j)fgnfO :ki^ kfg u/L agfPsf lrýnfO clxn ]
]
]
{
j)fgfTds /vflrý klg elgG% .
]
{
]
efhký
hký
] tf*kýtf*ký
]
] ef ef]hký
]
|
'
tf*ký
kfrLg sfndf sfuhsf cfljisf/ gePsf xgfn tf*kýtf*ký cyjf ef]hkýef]hkýdf u|Gylrý
]
'
]
]
sfg k/Dk/f lyof] . tf*ký tf* ?vsf nfdf nfdf kft ;'sfP/ To;df nVg xg u/L
]
{
'
tof/ kfl/G% . tf*sf kftx¿ ltg OGr hlt rf*fO / la; OGr hlt nDafOsf xG%g .
}
\
]
]
|
]
{
To:t efhký Ps ksf/sf nsfnL hftsf ?vsf afjmf xf . o:tf afjmfnfO nfdf ]
|
]
}
]
]
]
]
|
Curriculum Development Centre
]
lstfasf kfgf h:tf ¿kdf lgsfn/ ;sfO ltgdf lrý sfl/G% . o;/L efhký, tf*ký
]
'
]
{
]
]
|
tyf sfuhdf nlvPsf o:tf kfrLg uGynfO x:t lnlvt uGy elgG% . log uGyx¿df
{
|
|
}
|
]
|
kofu ePsf lrýnfO uGylrý elgG% .
|
{
b;f}F ztfAbLsf k|!f kf/ldtfk|!f kf/ldtf ] ] } ' ]
k!f kf/ldtf gkfnL lrýsnfdWo ;aeGbf k/fgf lrýsnfdf cfwfl/t
|
] k|!f kf/ldtfk|!f kf/ldtf
|
]
]
]
]
uGy xf . of uGylrý *( xft hlt nfdf tf*kýdf agfOPsf % . of lrý lj=;= 977 df
|
]
ª
]
]
]
]
/fhf z+s/bjsf ;dodf agfOPsf lyof . o;df tndfly sf&sf kmNofsdf c&f/
]
]
\
]
k~ra
k~ra
w
''b\w, rt';tf/f, ah|;TTjrt';tf/f, ah|;TTj
\
\
cf^f afbw bjL bjtfsf k~ra'b\wk~ra'b\w rt';tf/f, ah|;TTjrt';tf/f, ah|;TTj, aTtL, km'n / z+\v lnPsf
k~rabw rt';tf/f, ah|;TTj
b
'
\
}
]
]
bjL bjtfsf lrý %g . o;df /ftf /+sf kwfgtf % . xfn of lrý kf^gl:yt dxfafbw
|
]
]
}
\
]
\
]
]
]
d)*nsf zfSox¿sf lhDdfdf % .
'
|
uGylrýdf snfsf/n ljifo j:tsf cfwf/df /+ tyf u/ uxgf, sk*f / dvsf ]
]
]
'
]
]
'
xfpefp ldnfP/ lrý sfb%g . snfsf/x¿n dVo bjtf, ;xfos bjtf / /fIf;sf
]
]
\
{
|
{
]
lrýdf leGgfleGg /+sf kofu ub%g . uGylrý agfpbf snfsf/n kfslts /+sf ]
|
F
}
]
|
[
]
\
kofu ub%g . u|Gylrý lgdf{)f ubf{ tf*ký Pjd\ ef]hkýnfO{ rsf]{ #fd gkg]{ u/L %fofdf
{
]
\
|
'
]
{
{
'
{
]
;sfOG% . lognfO cfjZos kg cfsf/df sfl^G% / To;nfO kfgLdf *afP/ kml/
/ /]vflrý/]vflrý – /vf tfg/ sfl/Psf lrý
/]vflrý
]
]
]
vflrý
] /]vflrý
\
\
]
}
|
]
|
/+\uLg lrý
uLg lrý
\ /+ /+\uLg lrý
/+ /+\uLg lrý\uLg lrý – w/ ksf/sf /+sf kofu ul/Psf /+uL la/+uL lrý
]
]
tf*ký – tf* hftsf ?vsf kft
]
tf*ký
tf*ký
tf*ký
tf*ký
]
|
]
hký
|
ef ef]hkýef]hký – lxdfnL eudf kfOg Ps ksf/sf ?vsf afjmfaf^ lgsflnPsf ký
] ef]hký
]
]
ef]hký
]
]
k k|!f kf/ldtf|!f kf/ldtf
k|!f kf/ldtf – !fgsf] k")f{tf ePsf], Ps k|l;b\w af}b\w u|Gydf sf]l/Psf] lrý
!f kf/ldtf
| k k|!f kf/ldtf
k~ra'b\wk~ra'b\w – cnflss zlSt ePsf kfr abwsf ;dx
k~ra
k~ra
k~ra'b\w
"
}
w
]
'
\
F
b
''b\w
\
]
\
rt rt';tf/frt';tf/f – k!f kf/ldtf lrýdf c+lst Zjt, xl/t cflb rf/ tf/fx¿sf ;dx "
' rt';tf/f
]
|
rt';tf/f
;tf/f
||;TTj
ah ah|;TTjah|;TTj – Ifdf dfUg, abwsf Ps cjtf/
]
ah|;TTj
ah
'
;TTj
]
\
]
gkfnL, sIff 8

fd
zflnufd
|
\
||fdn] #f]^]/ lrNnf] kf/]kl% dfý lrý
zflnu
{
zflnu
#fddf ;'sfOG% . o;nfO z+v jf zflnu|fdzflnu|fd
]
{
]
sfl/G% . To;nfO ls/fn gsf^f; eg/ xl/tfn gfds ljif nufOG% . lstfasf
]
]
\
F
]
'
{
\
]
'
kfgfnfO Psk^l^af^ afw/ k:tssf cfsf/ agfOG% . To; k:tssf aflx/ sf&sf ]
]
|
]
|
]
]
]
]
F
F
]
kftnf kmNofssf uftf /fv/ aflwG% . To:tf uGydf nVg af;sf snd kofu ul/G% .
]
lrýdf /+ nufpg r/fsf Kjfv tyf snfsf/ cfkmn agfPsf hgfj/sf /fsf a;
F
]
F
]
]
}
F
|
}
]
kofu ul/G% . n]vgsf lglDt s^';, cfFk / cdnfsf kftnfO{ w]/} a]/ ksfP/ sfnf] d;L
]
|
]
|
]
]
]
{
]
]
|
]
]
agfOG% . oxL d;Lsf kofu u// uGy nVg / /vflrý sfg ul/G% .
]
|
]
]
]
|
]
k/Dk/fblv ljsl;t ePsf uGylrýn clxn Jofks ¿k ux)f u/sf % . clxn cfP/
]
]
\
]
{
ljbofyLx¿nfO k(fpg klg ljleGg lrýx¿sf kofu ug yflnPsf % . o:tf uGylrýx¿n ]
]
{
|
{
|
]
dgfefj
dgf
]
efj
{
]
F
'
\
dgf
'
'
]]efj
eGg vflhPsf ljifo j:t / dgf]efjdgf]efjnfO vn:t ¿kdf aemfp%g . To;}n] lbg k|ltlbg
o;sf nfslkotf a(b uPsf % . clxnsf kmf^fufkmLsf ljsf;;dt klxnsf log }
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
|
|
]
}
\
\
uGylrýaf^ ePsf xf . cfwlgs oudf cfOkUbf klg uGylrýsf dxTTj emg a(b uO/xsf ]
]
|
\
]
]
|
'
'
'
]
}
}
hLjgf
]
'
hLjgf
hLjgfkofuL
|
'
]
'
{
]
]]kof]uL
kof
uL
}
]
|
]
]
]
\
% . o;sf kofuaf^ xfdLn cfkmgf snf / l;knfO sg g sg ¿kdf k:tt u/L hLjgf]kof]uLhLjgf]kof]uL
agfpg ;Sg'k%{ .
zflnu|fd|fd Curriculum Development Centre
zflnu
zflnu
zflnu
fd
||fd
zflnu|fd – sfnL u)*sLsf] lt/df kfOg] rj|m lrx\g;lxtsf] lji)f'sf ¿kdf k"hf ul/g] ljz]if kTy/
]]efj
dgf]efj – dgsf] ljrf/
dgf
dgf
dgf]efjdgf]efj
efj
hLjgf]kof]uL – hLjgsf nflu pkof]u x'g]
hLjgf]kof]uL
hLjgf]kof]uL
hLjgf]kof]uL
hLjgf]kof]uL
F(RI
F(RI
F(RI
F(RI
F(RI
kf&sf] klxnf] cg'R%]b kfn}kfnf] ;:j/ jfrg u/ .
kf&sf] klxnf] cg'R%]b kfn}kfnf] ;:j/ jfrg u/ .
kf&sf
1= 1= 1= 1= 1= kf&sf] klxnf] cg'R%]b kfn}kfnf] ;:j/ jfrg u/ .kf&sf] klxnf] cg'R%]b kfn}kfnf] ;:j/ jfrg u/ . .
]
;:j/ jfrg u/
]
klxnf
kfnf
R%
'
]
cg
}
]
b kfn
2= 2= 2= 2= 2= pTt/ eg MpTt/ eg M
pTt/ eg M
pTt/ eg M
pTt/ eg M
'
]
\
'
'
]
-s_ dfgj dgnfO nfEofpg snf sg sg xg <
{
{
-v_ uGylrý nlnt snfsf sg ebcGtut kb% <
{
|
]
]
'
{
-u_ s:tf lrýnfO uftflrý elgG% <
g]kfnL, sIff 8

-#_ tf*ký s;/L tof/ kfl/G% <


]
]
{
]
'
-+_ kfrLg ;dodf lrý agfpbf snfsf/n sg /+sf kofu uy <
|
]
F
|
F
'
]
}
}
'
]
F
'
-r_ xfdLn sg sg snf;u kl/lrt xg dfsf kfPsf %f <
˜
tnsf egfO l&s eP l&s -˜˜_ lrx\g / a]l&s eP a]l&s -_ lrx\g / a]l&s eP a]l&s -¯¯_ lrx\g_ lrx\g
tnsf egfO l&s eP l&s -
tnsf egfO l&s eP l&s -
¯
tnsf egfO l&s eP l&s -˜_ lrx\g / a]l&s eP a]l&s -¯_ lrx\g
g
]
l&s eP a
_ lrx
3= 3= 3= 3= 3= tnsf egfO l&s eP l&s -˜_ lrx\g / a]l&s eP a]l&s -¯_ lrx\g
l&s -
\
_ lrx
]
\
g / a
nufpm M
nufpm M
nufpm M
nufpm M
nufpm M
-s_ uGylrý lgdf)f ubf tf*ký Pjd efhkýnfO %fofdf ;sfOGYof .
{
]
|
]
{
{
'
\
Curriculum Development Centre
\
]
-v_ clxn ;fdflhs b/j:yfklt Jo+Uo ul/Psf lrýx¿ kfObgg .
|
F
'
\
}
{
'
-u_ kfjflrý cfwlgs lrýcGtut kb% .
}
{
|
]
\
|
'
-#_ gkfndf kfOPsf kfrLg lrýx¿ uGylrý xg .
|
|
-+_ uGysf uftf agfpg kfoM sf&sf lrNnf kmNofsx¿ kofu ul/G% .
|
]
St zAb vf
F
4= 4= 4= 4= 4= kf&af^ pko'St zAb vf]h]/ vfnL &fpFdf e/ M
kf&af^ pko
h
]
''St zAb vf]h]/ vfnL &fpFdf e/ M
kf&af^ pko
kf&af^ pko'St zAb vf]h]/ vfnL &fpFdf e/ M'St zAb vf]h]/ vfnL &fpFdf e/ M
/ vfnL &fp
df e/ M
]
kf&af^ pko
-s_ cfwlgs lrýsnfsf ;?jft eg ================= dfý ePsf] xf] .
'
]
'
]
{
{
]
'
-v_ ljifo j:tsf j)fgnfO :ki^ kfg agfOPsf lrýnfO ========== klg elgG% .
{
{
-u_ gkfnL lrýsnfdWo ;aeGbf k/fgf b;f ztfAbLsf ============ /x]sf] % .
]
]
]
F
}
]
}
'
]
]
]
]
|
{
-#_ uGylrýn eGg vflhPsf dgfefjnfO ================= ¿kdf a'emfpF%g\ .
pm M
]
;+
tnsf k
tnsf k
Zgx¿sf
||Zgx¿sf] ;+\lIfKt pTt/ b]pm M
]
tnsf k
5= 5= 5= 5= 5= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] ;+\lIfKt pTt/ b]pm M
\
tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] ;+\lIfKt pTt/ b]pm M|Zgx¿sf] ;+\lIfKt pTt/ b]pm M
lIfKt pTt/ b
]
]
-s_ lrýsf hGd s;/L eof <
]
]
]
-v_ klxn uGysf aflx/L / leýL efudf s s:tf lrýx¿ agfOGy <
]
|
]
]
'
'
]
-u_ sfuhsf cfljisf/ xgeGbf klxn uGylrýx¿ s;/L sfl/Gy <
]
]
|
pTt/ b
]
tnsf k
nfdf
|
]
Zgx¿sf
tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] nfdf] pTt/ b]pm M
pm M
]
6= 6= 6= 6= 6= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] nfdf] pTt/ b]pm Mtnsf k|Zgx¿sf] nfdf] pTt/ b]pm M
tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] nfdf] pTt/ b]pm M
{
]
-s_ uGy nVg / /vflrý sfg sfddf kofu ul/g /+ / j:tx¿sf lgdf)f s;/L
|
]
]
{
]
]
]
|
'
]
]
ul/G% <
-v_ lrýsnfsf ljsf;df u|Gylrýsf] s] s:tf] e"ldsf /x]sf] %, :ki^ kf/ .
]
]
gkfnL, sIff 8

efj :ki^ u/ M
efj :ki^ u/ M
efj :ki^ u/ M
efj :ki^ u/ M
7= 7= 7= 7= 7= efj :ki^ u/ M
{
ª
}
-s_ dfgj ;Eotfsf ljsf;;u wd, ;:slt, ;fdflhs dNo / dfGotfsf ljsf;
]
F
[
"
]
ePsf % .
]
'
]
]
]
-v_ xfdLn cfkmgf snf / l;knfO sg g sg ¿kaf^ k:tt u/L hLjgfkofuL
{
'
'
}
\
|
}
]
agfpg ;Sg'k%{ .
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
| u|Gy ± lrý …u|Gylrý’ eP h:t} tnsf zAbdf …lrý’ hf]*]/ gof …u|Gylrý’ eP h:t} tnsf zAbdf …lrý’ hf]*]/ gof
]
]
Gy ± lrý
u u|Gy ± lrý …u|Gylrý’ eP h:t} tnsf zAbdf …lrý’ hf]*]/ gof
/ gof
*
…u
]
]
}
}
8= 8= 8= 8= 8= uGy ± lrý = …uGylrý’ eP h:t tnsf zAbdf …lrý’ hf*/ gof‡‡‡ ‡ ‡
tnsf zAbdf …lrý’ hf
|
| u|Gy ± lrý
|
Gylrý’ eP h:t
zAb agfpm M
zAb agfpm M
zAb agfpm M
zAb agfpm M
zAb agfpm M
]
}
dxf/, bZo, kfjf, /vf
[
'
jfSodf k
jfSodf k
||of]u u/ M
jfSodf k|of]u u/ MjfSodf k|of]u u/ M
9= 9= 9= 9= 9= jfSodf k|of]u u/ M
of
]
u u/ M
]
dgfefj, tf*ký, k/Dk/f, b/j:yf
'
10= ldNbf] cy{ %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M10= ldNbf] cy{ %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M
10= ldNbf
10= ldNbf
]] cy{ %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M
]
%fg
*f ldnfpm M
/ hf
]
cy
10= ldNbf] cy{ %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M
{
}
]
kfjflrý Curriculum Development Centre
#/, b/af/, bjfno cflb lgdf)f ug l;k
]
{
{
'
jf:t'snf dgnfO dflxt jf dUw kfg ] {
{
]
]
dg dfxs sfuh, sk*f cflbdf bjL bjtfsf lrý nlvPsf, kfrLg
]
|
]
]
]
]
}
znLsf lrý
]
]
{
\
]
uGylrý sfnL u)*sLsf lt/df kfOg rjm lrxg eO lji)fsf ¿kdf
|
|
'
"
]
]
khf ul/g ljzif kTy/
zflnufd uGy jf zf:ýsf syfdf cfwfl/t lrý
|
|
]
]
dgsf efj JoSt ug lrý
]
{
pRrf/)f / lxHh
pRrf/)f / lxHh ]
pRrf/)f / lxHh]]]]
pRrf/)f / lxHh
pRrf/)f / lxHh
11= 11= 11= z'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ Mz'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ M
z'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ M
11= 11= z'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ Mz'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ M
|
;Eotf, zflnufd, uGylrý, ah;TTj, k~rabw
\
|
'
|
g]kfnL, sIff 8

12= lzIfsaf^ ;'g]/ n]v M
12=
12= lzIfsaf^ ;'g]/ n]v MlzIfsaf^ ;'g]/ n]v M
12=
g
'
/ n
]
12= lzIfsaf^ ;'g]/ n]v M
]
lzIfsaf^ ;
v M
\
]
]
|
kmf^fufkmL, /+uLg lrý, cfljisf/, k!f kf/ldtf
|
w u/L ;f/ M
z
\
\
b
13= 13= zbw u/L ;f/ M
' z'b\w u/L ;f/ M
'
13= 13= 13= z'b\w u/L ;f/ Mz'b\w u/L ;f/ M
\
'
'
dtLsnf, ;Id, kpjfrLý, lg/dfg, kfYok:ts
'
{
]
14= kf&af^ o’ / P’ nfu sf b; b; cf ^f zAbx¿ vf ] h / n v .
14= kf&af^ kf&af^ o’ / o’ / P’ nfu]sf b; b; cf]^f zAbx¿ vf]h]/ n]v .P’ nfu]sf b; b; cf]^f zAbx¿ vf]h]/ n]v .
]
14=
14= kf&af^ ˆˆ ˆˆ ˆo’ / ˆˆ ˆˆ ˆP’ nfu]sf b; b; cf]^f zAbx¿ vf]h]/ n]v .
14= kf&af^ o’ / P’ nfu]sf b; b; cf]^f zAbx¿ vf]h]/ n]v .
]
]
15=
15= kf& k(L tflnsfdf kfFr kfFr cf]^f zAbx¿ e/ Mkf& k(L tflnsfdf kfFr kfFr cf]^f zAbx¿ e/ M
kf& k(L tflnsfdf kf
15= kf& k(L tflnsfdf kfFr kfFr cf]^f zAbx¿ e/ M
15= kf& k(L tflnsfdf kfFr kfFr cf]^f zAbx¿ e/ M
F
15=
r cf
]
^f zAbx¿ e/ M
r kf
F
{
]
]
Osf/ nfusf Osf/ nfusf psf/ nfusf pmsf/ nfusf
]
]
lrý, =========== ;hLj, =========== pkxf/, ============ cfkm, ===========
"
sfo
sfo{d"ns Jofs/)f
ns Jofs/)f
sfo
"
sfo{d"ns Jofs/)f{d"ns Jofs/)f
d
sfo {{d"ns Jofs/)f
''em / u/ M
16= k(, aem / u/ M
''em / u/ M
16= k(, a
16= k(, a'em / u/ M
16= k(, a em / u/ M
16= k(, a
s
sfnfn
s fn Curriculum Development Centre
sf
kIf
kIf
kIf
kIf
sfn
n
kIf
)f
"
c!ft cEo:t
k")f
{
"
)f
"
{
{{ k")f{ c!ft cEo:t
"")f{ k")f{ c!ft cEo:t{ k")f{ c!ft cEo:t
{
k
c
c
ckk")f
ck)f k)f c!ft cEo:t
ck
}
{
]
]
]
jtdfg n]V%f} nVb %f } nvsf %f } — —
]
]
]
"
et nVof } nVb lyof } nvsf lyof } nv%f } nVYof }
]
]
}
]
]
]
'
]
]
eljiot n]Vg] %f} n]Vb} x'g] %f} nvsf xg %f } —
\
—
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
|
sfn egsf jfSodf ljmofkbn atfpg ;do xf . kIf egsf sfnleýsf klg ;do xf .
]
{
o;n ljmofkbsf ;fdfGo, ck)f, k)f, c!ft / cEo:t cj:yfnfO aemfp% . dflysf]
"
'
]
F
{
"
]
|
{
}
}
\
tflnsfdf ltg cf]^ sfn / ;a kIfsf ljmofkbx¿ lbOPsf %g . Pp^f sfnsf ]
|
{
{
]
]
]
|
{
]
{
ljmofkbnfO csf sfndf / Pp^f kIfsf ljmofkbnfO csf kIfdf kl/jtg u//
|
{
{
]
]
{
]
bvfOPsf % . o;/L ul/g kl/jtgnfO sfn / kIfsf cfwf/df ul/g kl/jtg elgG% .
]
{
]
gkfnL, sIff 8

'
]
]
kf&df elgG%, sfl/GYof, ldNb%, xGy h:tf ljmofkbx¿ kofu ePsf %g . o:tf
]
|
]
\
|
]
|
}
F
]
]
}
c¿ kfr cf^f ljmofkbx¿ l^k/ dflysf h:t tflnsf agfP/ ;a sfn / kIfdf s ]
]
s:tf ¿k x'G%g\, bvfpm .
17= kf&af^ jt { { dfg / e t sfnsf kf F r kf F F r cf ] ^f jfSox¿ l^k / tL jfSonfO { {
17= kf&af^ jtdfg / et sfnsf kfr kfr cf^f jfSox¿ l^k / tL jfSonfO{kf&af^ jt{dfg / e"t sfnsf kfFr kfFr cf]^f jfSox¿ l^k / tL jfSonfO{{
17=
17= kf&af^ jt{dfg / e"t sfnsf kfFr kfFr cf]^f jfSox¿ l^k / tL jfSonfO
17= kf&af^ jt{dfg / e"t sfnsf kfFr kfFr cf]^f jfSox¿ l^k / tL jfSonfO
"
"
F
]
eljiot\ sfndf abn .\ sfndf abn .
eljiot
eljiot\ sfndf abn .\ sfndf abn .
eljiot\ sfndf abn .
eljiot
18= sf]i&sdf lbOPsf] ;+\s]tsf cfwf/df tnsf jfSonfO{ abn M
]
i&sdf lbOPsf
tsf cfwf/df tnsf jfSonfO
18= sf]i&sdf lbOPsf] ;+\s]tsf cfwf/df tnsf jfSonfO{ abn M
;+
]
s
\
18= sf]i&sdf lbOPsf] ;+\s]tsf cfwf/df tnsf jfSonfO{ abn Msf]i&sdf lbOPsf] ;+\s]tsf cfwf/df tnsf jfSonfO{ abn M
{
18=
18=
]
sf
abn M
{
]
-s_ dxz uGylrý x% . -ck)f eljiot_ \
|
]
{
"
Curriculum Development Centre
|
-v_ ;/fh /fdf lrý agfpF% . -cEo:t et_
]
"
]
-u_ km'jf{ v'?v'? lrý sf]%{ . -ck")f{ eljiot\_
]
}
F
"
-#_ xfdL bZolrý x%f . -cEo:t et_
[
|
]
-+_ p;n /fdf lrý agfof . -k)f jtdfg_
]
]
{
{
"
]
]
{
"
-r_ ;l/tfn kfjflrý xl/g . -ck)f jtdfg_
{
\
}
]
]
-%_ pgLx¿n ;+uxfnodf lrýx¿ x/%g . -k)f eljiot_ \
\
|
{
]
\
"
-h_ dn …uGylrý’ kf& k( . -ck)f jtdfg_
"
]
F
{
|
]
}
{
19= sf i&sdf lbOPsf ] wft ' / ;+ s tsf cfwf/df vfnL &fp e/ M
19= sf]i&sdf lbOPsf] wft' / ;+\s]tsf cfwf/df vfnL &fpF e/ Msf]i&sdf lbOPsf] wft' / ;+\s]tsf cfwf/df vfnL &fpF e/ M
\
19=
]
F
19= sf]i&sdf lbOPsf] wft' / ;+\s]tsf cfwf/df vfnL &fpF e/ M
19= sf]i&sdf lbOPsf] wft' / ;+\s]tsf cfwf/df vfnL &fpF e/ M
]
-s_ ;Ltf /fd|f] lrý ==================== . -agfp M ck")f{ jt{dfg_
\
]
|
-v_ pm tfdkýdf lrý ===================== . -sf/ M cEo:t et _
"
}
"
-u_ ;Gtdfg w/ kfjflrý ================ . -agfp M ck)f et_
"
{
}
]
-#_ kf;f+n /fdf /fdf lrý ================== . -sf]/\ M k")f{ jt{dfg_
|
]
|
]
}
{
-+_ ltgLx¿ %& kjdf w/ lrý ==================== . -agfp M ;fdfGo eljiot\_
"
{
-r_ /fdnvgn lrýdf /+ ======================= . -e/\ M k)f eljiot_ \
]
]
|
[
-%_ ;lngfn /fdf jTtlrý ====================== . -Nofp M c!ft e"t_
]
]
|
]
]
{
\
-h_ xfdL /fd/L x// lrý sfg ===================== . -l;s M ;fdfGo eljiot_ \
g]kfnL, sIff 8

eljiot
\\ sfnsf lj|mofkbx¿sf] k|of]u u/L kfr jfSodf cfN?Pgf] nIo atfpm .
0== eljiot\ sfnsf lj|mofkbx¿sf] k|of]u u/L keljiot\ sfnsf lj|mofkbx¿sf] k|of]u u/L kfr jfSodf cfr jfSodf cfN?PN?Pgf] nIo atfpm .gf] nIo atfpm .
|
|
]
of
P
]
]
u u/L k
]
|
N
\
|
sfnsf lj
mofkbx¿sf
]
?
k
nIo atfpm
]
F
f
eljiot
2 2 2 2 20 00 0== = eljiot sfnsf ljmofkbx¿sf kofu u/L kfFFfFFr jfSodf cfN?Pgf nIo atfpm . .
r jfSodf cf
gf
l
l;
l
;h{gfTds cEof;
l;h{gfTds cEof;;h{gfTds cEof;
gfTds cEof;
h
{
l;h{gfTds cEof;
21=
F
bfx¿sf cfwf/df …d
"
21=
lt
21=
21= tn lbOPsf a ''Fbfx¿sf cfwf/df …d"lt{snf’ zLif{sdf 150 zAbdf
21=
{
tn lbOPsf a
tn lbOPsf a
tn lbOPsf a'Fbfx¿sf cfwf/df …d"lt{snf’ zLif{sdf 150 zAbdf
tn lbOPsf a'Fbfx¿sf cfwf/df …d"lt{snf’ zLif{sdf 150 zAbdf'Fbfx¿sf cfwf/df …d"lt{snf’ zLif{sdf 150 zAbdf
sdf 150 zAbdf
{
snf’ zLif
g#^fO
g#^fO{ Pp^f k|aGw n]v .{ Pp^f k|aGw n]v .
g#^fO
{{ Pp^f k|aGw n]v .
g#^fO
Pp^f k
]
v .
g#^fO{ Pp^f k|aGw n]v .
|
aGw n
{
dltsnfsf ;?jft kfrLg sfnblv ePsf ==================== wflds sfox¿df
]
]
'
"
]
|
{
{
Curriculum Development Centre
}
]
]
]
]
]
dltkhfsf ljzif dxTTj /xsf ] ============ klxnblv g dlGb/x¿ agfpg / eujfgsf
{
]
"
\
"
"
{
{
]
]
"
]
]
]
dltx¿ :yfkgf u// khf ug rng /xsf =========== clxn cfP/ pkxf/ lbgsf
]
]
"
nflu klg dlt agfpg k/Dk/fsf ljsf; ePsf =========== klxnf dltx¿
{
"
]
{
F
'
]
"
F
'
|
]
agfpbf sf&, (+uf, wft / df^fsf kofu ul/g ========= dltx¿ agfpbf
\
]
{
]
"
]
'
wflds ljlw ljwfgcg;f/ sb/ agfOg =========== jtdfg ;dodf dltx¿
F
{
{
'
{
|
]
|
]
F
=======
]
agfpbf ljleGg dfWod / kljlwsf kofu ul/g d"lt{x¿ agfpg
dl;g, ljbotLo cfhf/, /a/, dg, wft cflbsf kofu ul/g dlt {
|
}
]
]
]
]
"
}
'
======
\
'
'
{
F
{
agfpbf bjtfnfO jo:s, sfdn, cfsifs, ;Gb/ z/L/, sd j:ý, lz/df
]
]
{
"
|
ds^, u/ uxgf cflb nufPsf agfpg ============= dltsnf clxn lbg kltlbg
]
'
]
]
'
{
]
|
]
]
'
F
"
}
{
]
nfslko xb uPsf ============= gkfnL ;dfhdf wflds bli^n dltsnfsf ]
[
ljz]if dxTTj /x]sf] .
cfkm
22=
22= cfkm"n] hfg]sf], ;'g]sf] jf b]v]sf] s'g} snfsf af/]df Ps ;ocfkm"n] hfg]sf], ;'g]sf] jf b]v]sf] s'g} snfsf af/]df Ps ;o
]
df Ps ;o
]
sf
]
]
'
g
, ;
hfg
22=
22=
22=
cfkm
""n] hfg]sf], ;'g]sf] jf b]v]sf] s'g} snfsf af/]df Ps ;o
n
cfkm"n] hfg]sf], ;'g]sf] jf b]v]sf] s'g} snfsf af/]df Ps ;o
sf
]
v
]
s
}
snfsf af/
g
'
]
sf
]
]
jf b
zAbdf g#^fO{ j)f{g u/ .{ j)f{g u/ .
{
g u/ .
j)f
{{ j)f{g u/ .
zAbdf g#^fO
zAbdf g#^fO
zAbdf g#^fO{ j)f{g u/ .
zAbdf g#^fO
]
gkfnL, sIff 8

kf& M 5
kf& M 5
kf& M 5
kf& M 5
kf& M 5
lgj
lgj
]]bg
lgj]bg]bg
lgj
bg
lgj]bg
ldltM 2071÷10÷01
\
|
>Ldfg kwfgfWofks,
cfbz pRr dfWolds ljbofno,
{
\
lbufdsf]^, u'NdL .
ljifoM l;kmfl/; kfpFm .Fm .
ljifoM l;kmfl/; kfp m .
ljifoM l;kmfl/; kfp
FFm .
ljifoM l;kmfl/; kfpFm .
ljifoM l;kmfl/; kfp
Curriculum Development Centre
dxfbo,
]
'
'
|
]
]
«
"
|
k:tt ljifodf uf/vfkýdf ksflzt ;rgfcg;f/ oxL df# 16 ut /fli^o :t/sf sljtf
]
|
'
]
|
'
]
]
]
]
]
kltoflutf ;DkGg xg nfusf s/f yfxf eof . gkfnsf khftflGýs cfGbfngdf clj:d/)fLo
]
;lxb
;lxb
]
ofubfg lbPsf ;lxb;lxbx¿sf ;Ddfgdf ;f sfojmd cfofhgf ul/Psf /x% . ljbofno txsf
]
]
]
|
]
]
{
\
;lxb
]
{
]
\
ljbofyLx¿sf lardf xg pSt kltoflutfsf cfof]hgf g]kfn k|!f k|lti&fg, sdnfbL,
'
]
]
|
]
sf&df*fFn] u/]sf] /x% . To; kltoflutfdf ;xefuL xgsf nflu cfkmn k(b u/sf ]
}
'
|
"
}
]
\
]
]
] l;kmfl/;l;kmfl/;
l;kmfl/; cfjZos kbf] /x]% .
\
ljbofnosf l;kmfl/;l;kmfl/; {
gbf/ tyf lgoldtlgoldt
d o; ljbofnosL Ps ldlxgtL, h]xh]x h]xh]x hx]]]]]gbf/gbf/ lgoldt ' F
\
] gbf/gbf/
lgoldt
lgoldt %fýf x . d}n] o; ljb\ofnoåf/f
]
]
}
'
{
{
|
;~rflnt ljljw cltl/St ljmofsnfkdf ;xefuL eO k/:sf/ klg k|fKt ub cfO/xsL
|
ltof
lutf
]
]
kltoflutf
]
]
| k k|ltof]lutfdf
'
% . ljutdf lhNnf lzIff sfofnon cfofhgf u/sf lhNnf :t/Lo sljtf k|ltof]lutfk|ltof]lutf
{
]
]
]
|
|
]
|
]
]
]
'
}
;dt kyd eO;ssL % . o;sf ;fy IfýLo :t/sf sljtf kltoflutfdf klg kyd :yfg
{ cjutcjut
|
cjut
]
]
'
kfKt u/sf s/f oxfnfO cjutcjut g} % .
F
]
'
ctM /fli^o :t/sf sljtf kltoflutfdf klg ;xefuL eP/ cfkmgf kltef k:tt ug d/f ]
]
{
|
\
]
|
«
]
|
]
OR%f % . o; ljb\ofnosf] ljb\ofyL{sf ¿kdf ;xefuL eP/ k'/:sf/ k|fKt ug{ ;s]df
uf/j
ljbofnosf nflu klg uf}/juf}/jsf] ljifo x'g] % . To;}n] pSt k|ltof]lutfdf ;xefuL x'gsf
\
}
} uf uf}/j
/j
{
'
{
'
'
]
\
|
nflu ljbofnosf tkmaf^ l;kmfl/; ul/lbg'xg >Ldfg ;dIf ljgd cg/fw ub% .
\
]
cf!fsf/L %fýf
tn;f ljZjsdf { {
'
ª
]
sIff 8, /f=g= 14
g]kfnL, sIff 8

;lxb
;lxb
\
;lxb
]
{
]
;lxb
;lxb –bzsf nflu cfkmgf hLjg ckg JolSt
]
l;kmfl/;
l;kmfl/;
l;kmfl/; – lnlvt jf dflvs cgdfbg
l;kmfl/;
]
}
l;kmfl/;
'
] h]x]gbf/
|
'
\
]
gbf/
x
\
h]x]gbf/
h h]x]gbf/h]x]gbf/ –ablwdfg, kltefzfnL
lgoldt
lgoldt
lgoldt
}
F
'
lgoldt
lgoldt –;w l&s ;dodf pkl:yt xg ]
| k|ltof]lutf
lutf
]
k k|ltof]lutfk|ltof]lutf
ltof
k|ltof]lutf –k|lt:kwf{
cjut
cjut
cjut
cjut – hfgsf/L, !fg
cjut
|
} uf}/j
uf}/j
uf uf}/juf}/j – OHht cfb/ ;Ddfg klti&f
/j
] Curriculum Development Centre
F(RI
F(RI
F(RI
F(RI
F(RI
kf&df lbOPsf
kf&df lbOPsf] lgj]bg ;:j/ jfrg u/ .kf&df lbOPsf] lgj]bg ;:j/ jfrg u/ .
]] lgj]bg ;:j/ jfrg u/ .
kf&df lbOPsf
bg ;:j/ jfrg u/
1= 1= 1= 1= 1= kf&df lbOPsf] lgj]bg ;:j/ jfrg u/ . .
lgj
]
pTt/ eg M
pTt/ eg M
pTt/ eg M
2= 2= 2= 2= 2= pTt/ eg M
pTt/ eg M
]
]
]
]
]
-s_ of lgjbg slxn nlvPsf xf <
]
]
-v_ ;rgf sg klýsfdf ksfzg ePsf lyof <
"
'
]
|
]
-u_ of lgjbg s;n s;nfO nvsf xf <
{
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
|
-#_ sljtf kltoflutf s;sf ;Ddfgdf ul/Psf /x% <
]
]
]
]
-+_ sljtf kltoflutfsf cfofhgf s;n u/sf /x% <
]
|
]
]
]
]
-r_ lgj]bsn] sljtf k|ltof]lutfdf efu lng rfxg'sf] sf/)f s] xf] <
]
lgj
\
bg tof/ kf/ M
^
}
Pp^f lgj
'
^
rfcg
bgsf
]
F
(f
]
tn lbOPsf] lgj]bgsf] (fFrfcg';f/ %'^\^} Pp^f lgj]bg tof/ kf/ M
'
;f/ %
tn lbOPsf] lgj]bgsf] (fFrfcg';f/ %'^\^} Pp^f lgj]bg tof/ kf/ M
tn lbOPsf
3= 3= 3= 3= 3= tn lbOPsf] lgj]bgsf] (fFrfcg';f/ %'^\^} Pp^f lgj]bg tof/ kf/ Mtn lbOPsf] lgj]bgsf] (fFrfcg';f/ %'^\^} Pp^f lgj]bg tof/ kf/ M
ldlt M ================
]
;Dafwg / kb M =================
sfofnosf gfd / &ufgf M ==========
]
]
{
ljifo M ==============
gkfnL, sIff 8
]

]
]
]
lgjbgsf axf/f M ========
]
]
lgjbssf gfd M =========
]
]
&ufgf M ==============
v M
tn lbOPsf ljifodf lgj
tn lbOPsf ljifodf lgj]bg n]v Mtn lbOPsf ljifodf lgj]bg n]v M
tn lbOPsf ljifodf lgj
]
]]bg n]v M
4= 4= 4= 4= 4= tn lbOPsf ljifodf lgj]bg n]v M
bg n
'
]
]
-s_ ljbofnosf k:tsfnodf lgoldt ¿kdf ký klýsf pknAw u/fOlbg cg/fw
\
'
u/L ljbofnosf kwfgfWofksnfO lgjbg nv .
{
]
]
|
\
]
{
|
[
{
]
\
\
]
{
]
Curriculum Development Centre
-v_ ljbofnon ul/a tyf hxgbf/ ljbofyLnfO kbfg ug %fýjlTt cfkmn kfpg
"
]
|
cg/fw u/L cfkmgf ljbofnosf kwfgfWofksnfO lgjbg nv .
]
{
]
\
'
]
\
]
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
/ hf
]] cy{ %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M
ldNg] cy{ %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M] cy{ %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M
cy
ldNg
{
5= 5= 5= 5= 5= ldNg] cy{ %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M
%fg
ldNg
ldNg
]
*f ldnfpm M
]
}
cfufdL ljut cjut uf/j
F
hfgsf/L OHht cfpbf ] lat]sf] ldng;f/
]
…lhNnf :t/Lo’ eP h:t
tnsf zAbdf :t/Lo hf
}
lhNnf ± :t/Lo …lhNnf :t/Lo’ eP h:t} tnsf zAbdf :t/Lo hf]*]/
lhNnf ± :t/Lo
lhNnf ± :t/Lo
6= 6= 6= 6= 6= lhNnf ± :t/Lo = …lhNnf :t/Lo’ eP h:t} tnsf zAbdf :t/Lo hf]*]/
lhNnf ± :t/Lo …lhNnf :t/Lo’ eP h:t} tnsf zAbdf :t/Lo hf]*]/ …lhNnf :t/Lo’ eP h:t} tnsf zAbdf :t/Lo hf]*]/
/
*
]
gofF zAb agfpm MF zAb agfpm M
gof
gofF zAb agfpm M
gof
gof
FF zAb agfpm M
zAb agfpm M
{
ljbofno, Ifý, Onfsf, jf*, ^fn
]
\
]
7= 7= 7= 7= 7= tnsf zAbsf] ljk/LtfyL{ zAb n]v M
tnsf zAbsf
tnsf zAbsf] ljk/LtfyL{ zAb n]v Mtnsf zAbsf] ljk/LtfyL{ zAb n]v M
tnsf zAbsf
{
ljk/LtfyL
]] ljk/LtfyL{ zAb n]v M
zAb n
v M
]
]
cfjZos, hxgbf/, &nf, lht
]
'
]
{ cy{ v'Ng] u/L jfSodf k|of]u u/ M'Ng] u/L jfSodf k|of]u u/ M
cy cy{ v
u/L jfSodf k
]
]
''Ng] u/L jfSodf k|of]u u/ M
{ cy{ v
8= 8= 8= 8= 8= cy vNg u/L jfSodf kofu u/ M
v
'
Ng
u u/ M
]
|
|
of
]
|
'
]
|
kltoflutf, clj:d/)fLo, cltl/St, kyd, k/:sf/
pRrf/)f / lxHh]]]]
pRrf/)f / lxHh
pRrf/)f / lxHh
pRrf/)f / lxHh ]
pRrf/)f / lxHh
9= 9= 9= 9= 9= z'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ / sfkLdf ;f/ Mz'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ / sfkLdf ;f/ M
'
z z'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ / sfkLdf ;f/ M
z'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ / sfkLdf ;f/ M
b
\
F
w;
u pRrf/)f u/ / sfkLdf ;f/ M
|
khftflGýs, k!f klti&fg, /fli^o, :t/
|
|
«
10=
10= kf&df lbOPsf] lgj]bg /fd|f cIf/df n]v]/ lzIfsnfO{ b]vfpm .kf&df lbOPsf] lgj]bg /fd|f cIf/df n]v]/ lzIfsnfO{ b]vfpm .
10=
10= kf&df lbOPsf] lgj]bg /fd|f cIf/df n]v]/ lzIfsnfO{ b]vfpm .kf&df lbOPsf] lgj]bg /fd|f cIf/df n]v]/ lzIfsnfO{ b]vfpm .
10= kf&df lbOPsf] lgj]bg /fd|f cIf/df n]v]/ lzIfsnfO{ b]vfpm .
g]kfnL, sIff 8

sfo
sfo
sfo{d"ns Jofs/)f{d"ns Jofs/)f
sfo{d"ns Jofs/)f
{{d"ns Jofs/)f
sfo
ns Jofs/)f
d
"
k(, a'em / tn ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pTt/ b]pm M
k(, a
11= 11= 11= k(, a'em / tn ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pTt/ b]pm Mk(, a'em / tn ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pTt/ b]pm M
'
]
em / tn ;f
|
pm M
]
pTt/ b
]
lwPsf k
11= 11= k(, a'em / tn ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pTt/ b]pm M
Zgsf
]
|
]
]
|
]
dflysf kf&df …cfufdL, ksflzt, clj:d/)fLo’ h:tf ljzif)f zAbsf kofu ul/Psf ]
]
]
\
'
{
]
\
% . gfd jf ;jgfdsf u)f, bfif, ;+Vof cflb ljziftf atfpg zAbx¿ ljzif)f xg .
]
]
'
'
]
ljzif)f zAbn gflds kbsf ljziftf atfp%g . ljzif)f u)fafws, kl/df)fafws,
]
]
]
]
]
]
\
F
\
;+Vofafws / ;fjgflds u/L dntM rf/ lsl;dsf xG%g Ù h:t M
}
{
\
'
"
]
Curriculum Development Centre
{
gflds
{{gflds
;fjgflds
;
j
;f
fj{gflds
]
ws
;+
;+\Vofaf]ws
Vofaf
;+\Vofaf]ws\Vofaf]ws
;+
kl/df)faf
]]ws
ws
kl/df)faf]ws]ws
kl/df)faf
kl/df)faf
)faf
]
ws
u')faf]ws kl/df)faf]ws ;+ \\Vofaf]ws ;fj ;fj{gflds
u u')faf]wsu')faf]ws
' u')faf]ws
'
]
'
{
]
F
]
]
|
|
]
/fdf, g/fdf, c;n, w]/}, yf]/}, Ps, bO, kfr, of, Tof, hf, hg,
]
|
'
]
'
]
]
v/fa, df^f, bAnf, ] clnslt, kyd, låtLo s, sf, sg,
|
'
'
kl/>dL, ldlxgtL kz:t hg hg
]
dflysf
dflysf
dflysf] tflnsfsf] cWoog u/L tflnsfdf gk/]sf s'g} b; cf]^f ljz]if)f] tflnsfsf] cWoog u/L tflnsfdf gk/]sf s'g} b; cf]^f ljz]if)f
if)f
sf s
]
]
]
]
^f ljz
b; cf
dflysf
cWoog u/L tflnsfdf gk/
}
dflysf] tflnsfsf] cWoog u/L tflnsfdf gk/]sf s'g} b; cf]^f ljz]if)f
g
'
tflnsfsf
]] tflnsfsf] cWoog u/L tflnsfdf gk/]sf s'g} b; cf]^f ljz]if)f
zAb n]v]/ lzIfsnfO{ b]vfpm .zAb n]v]/ lzIfsnfO{ b]vfpm .
zAb n
zAb n
]
vfpm .
]]v]/ lzIfsnfO{ b]vfpm .
v
zAb n]v]/ lzIfsnfO{ b]vfpm .
b
]
{
/ lzIfsnfO
12=
12= tnsf zAbnfO tflnsfdf lbOP h:t } s:tf ] , sýf ] , slt / s ' g egL
12= tnsf zAbnfO{ tflnsfdf lbOP h:t} s:tf], sýf], slt / s'g egL
12= tnsf zAbnfO{ tflnsfdf lbOP h:t} s:tf], sýf], slt / s'g egLtnsf zAbnfO{ tflnsfdf lbOP h:t} s:tf], sýf], slt / s'g egL
{
12= tnsf zAbnfO{ tflnsfdf lbOP h:t} s:tf], sýf], slt / s'g egL
| k|Zg u/ / pko
| k k|Zg u/ / pko'St zAb %fg]/ e/ M'St zAb %fg]/ e/ M
St zAb %fg
|
'
kZg u/ / pkoSt zAb %fg/ e/ M
]
kZg u/ / pko ''St zAb %fg]/ e/ M
Zg u/ / pko
/ e/ M
]
]
F
]
]
'
]
'
v/fa, w/, &nf, hful/nf, ;Gb/, ^/f, lk/f, ch+u, %f^f, tL, h&f, ]
]
]
\
}
{
]
]
]
F
]
ttLo, kfr, klxnf, &nf, ;fgf ]
'
[
''g
s
s:tf]]]
s:tf ] ] sýf sltlt s ''g
lt
s:tf
s
sl
s
s
s
s
s'g
s:tf
sýf
sýf]ýf]]ýf]]
t
sg
s:tf
g
slt
v/fa, ========== ch+u, ============== kfr, =============== tL, ===========
F
\
]
gkfnL, sIff 8

{{gfTds cEof;
l;hgfTds cEof;
{
;h{gfTds cEof;
gfTds cEof;
l
l;h l;h{gfTds cEof;
h
l;
''em / u/ M
em / u/ M
k(, a
13= 13=
13= 13= 13= k(, a ''em / u/ M
k(, a
k(, a'em / u/ M
k(, aem / u/ M
z'e sfdgf kýsf] gd'gf
z z'e sfdgf kýsf] gd'gfz'e sfdgf kýsf] gd'gf
]
gf
'
e sfdgf kýsf
' z'e sfdgf kýsf] gd'gf
gd
"
]
gkfnLx¿sf dxfg rf* a*f b; / ze bLkfjnLsf cj;/df ;Dk)f {
'
\
}
F
Curriculum Development Centre
'
{
'
ljbofyL tyf cleefjs dxfgefjx¿df ;v,
\
\
]
zflGt / ;dblwsf xflbs d+undo
[
\
{
'
ze sfdgf JoSt ub%f .
}F
{
;Gtsdf/ afGtjf
'
kwfgfWofks
|
tyf
if*fgGb pRr dfWolds ljbofno kl/jf/
\
]
lb+nf, efhk/
\
'
dflysf
s
dflysf] z'e sfdgf ký k(]kl% ltdLn] dgfpg] s'g} Ps rf*sf ]
]
]] z'e sfdgf ký k(]kl% ltdLn] dgfpg] s'g} Ps rf*sf
dflysf
dgfpg
]
z
]
kl% ltdLn
e sfdgf ký k(
g
'
'
}
Ps rf*sf
dflysf] z'e sfdgf ký k(]kl% ltdLn] dgfpg] s'g} Ps rf*sf]]] z'e sfdgf ký k(]kl% ltdLn] dgfpg] s'g} Ps rf*sf]]
dflysf
pknIodf k&fOg
pknIodf k&fOg z ' e
''e sfdgf kýsf] gd'gf tof/ kf/ .
pknIodf k&fOg
pknIodf k&fOg] z
]] z
]] z'e'e sfdgf kýsf] gd'gf tof/ kf/ .sfdgf kýsf] gd'gf tof/ kf/ .
pknIodf k&fOg ze sfdgf kýsf] gd'gf tof/ kf/ .sfdgf kýsf] gd'gf tof/ kf/ .
cfkm\gf] ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt jf ^f]ndf :jR% vfg] kfgLsf] Joj:yf\gf] ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt jf ^f]ndf :jR% vfg] kfgLsf] Joj:yf
cfkm
14 14 14 14 14== == = cfkm gf ] ufp ljsf; ;ldlt jf ^f ] ndf :jR% vfg ] kfgLsf Joj:yf
cfkm
cfkm\gf] ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt jf ^f]ndf :jR% vfg] kfgLsf] Joj:yf
\\gf] ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt jf ^f]ndf :jR% vfg] kfgLsf] Joj:yf
F
]
ldnfOlbg cg
''/f]w u/L cfkm\gf] ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt jf gu/kflnsfsf
ldnfOlbg cg
ldnfOlbg cg'/f]w u/L cfkm\gf] ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt jf gu/kflnsfsfldnfOlbg cg'/f]w u/L cfkm\gf] ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt jf gu/kflnsfsf
F
\
gf
ldnfOlbg cg'/f]w u/L cfkm\gf] ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt jf gu/kflnsfsf
w u/L cfkm
]
ufp
ljsf; ;ldlt jf gu/kflnsfsf
/f
]
k k|d'vnfO{ lgj]bg n]v .k|d'vnfO{ lgj]bg n]v .
| k|d'vnfO{ lgj]bg n]v .
]
bg n
]
'
k|d'vnfO{ lgj]bg n]v .
d
lgj
v .
vnfO
{
g]kfnL, sIff 8

kf& M 6
kf& M 6
kf& M 6
kf& M 6
kf& M 6
ldýtf
ldýtf
ldýtf
ldýtf
ldýtf
zf/bf/d)f gkfn
]
]
|
'
'
}
]
\
]
[
]
'
|
]
ef/åfh Clifsf %f/f bf)f / kf~rfn g/z kiftsf %f/f o!;g bkb Pp^ u?sndf
k(\y] . oL b'O{sf lar k|uf(k|uf( ldýtf lyof . pgLx¿ ;u k(y, ;u cEof; uy, ;u vfGy, ]
]
]
F
F
}
\
F
}
}
{
]
| k k|uf(
kuf(
|
uf(
F lj>fdlj>fd
} lj>fd uy . pgLx¿ km;tdf dg vfn/ s/f uy . s/s/fdf Ps k^s /fhsdf/
;u lj>fdlj>fd ] { ' { ] ] ' ] { ' } ' '
]
]
]
|
]
]
'
F
]
bkbn eg, ældý bf)f, d kf~rfn bzsf /fhf ePkl% l;xf;gsf ;vefu ltdL;u klg
ª
]
|
'
Curriculum Development Centre
\
F
af*% . cfwf /fHo d ltdLnfO{ g} lbG%' . of] d]/f] k|lt!fk|lt!f
lt!f
|
| k k|lt!f xf] .Æ
klt!f
'
]
]
F
]
'
'
|
|
]
;do laTb uof . k(fO ;s/ /fhsdf/ bkb cfkmgf bz kf~rfn kms . bf)fsf skL;u
\
]
]
{
]
[
}
ljjfx eof . cZjTyfdf hGd . oL lbgx¿ b|f])fsf] kl/jf/df b'Mv bl/b|tfsf lbg lyP .
]
]
]
'
uf&df Pp^f b'xg ufO;Dd lyPg . afns cZjTyfdf …b'w bw’ eGb ?Gy . l%dsL Clif
{
]
]
'
]
}
]
]
]
sdf/x¿ cZjTyfdfnfO{ bvfO bvfO bw vfGy . Ps k^s slt;Dd eof] eg l%dsL
]
{
'
{
'
]
]
]
Clif sdf/x¿n kfgLdf lk&f #fn/ cZjTyfdfnfO lbP . ;tf bvkl% cZjTyfdfn bw
]
{
]
]
]
]
]
'
'
]
]
]
}
}
F
}
]
&fg . æoL, dn klg bw kfPÆ eGb xf:b gfRb kfgL vfg yfn . of bv/ bf)f / skLnfO {
[
}
]
'
]
|
]
]
F
;f/ bMv nfUof . Pp^f b'x'g] ufO{ kfpF%' ls eg]/ b|f])f w]/}lt/ #'d] . st} kfPgg\ .
]
}
'
] ;j{:j bfg;j{:j bfg
]
}
To;tfsf bf)fn obwlif k/z/fdn ;j{:j bfg;j{:j bfg } { \ ] ' ] | ] ] F }
]
|
'
{
{
;j:j bfg ub %g eGg ;g . bf)f #/af^ sf;f
\
'
]
'
^f(fsf dxGb kjt ku . k/z'/fdn] pgL k'Ug'cl# g} ;j{:j bfg ul/;s]sf lyP . b|f])fnfO{
]
]
|
{
z:ýf:ý ljbof
\
'
z:ýf:ý ljb
F
'
z:ýf:ý ljb
]
\\of dfý afFsL % .
]
]
of
]
bMvL bv/ k/z/fdn eg, æd;u ca of z/L/ / z:ýf:ý ljb\of z:ýf:ý ljb\of
]
'
'
tkfOnfO d s lbpm < s lngxG% <Æ
{
F
]
]
F
{
F
{
F
æu?, dnfO tkfO;u ePsf z:ýf:ý ljbof lbgxf; . Tof] g} d]/f nflu &'nf] pknlAw x'g]
'
{
\
'
]
\
]
% .Æ b|f])fn] eg] .
}
| k|uf(
uf(
k k|uf(k|uf( – Hofb ulx/f ]
k|uf(
lj>fd
lj>fd
lj>fd – cf/fd
lj>fd
lj>fd
k|lt!f
k k|lt!fk|lt!f – ;+sNk
\
lt!f
| k|lt!f
;j{:j bfg
]
{ ;j{:j bfg
:j bfg
}
{
;j ;j{:j bfg;j{:j bfg – ePe/sf ;a ;DklTt bfg ug sfd
]
z:ýf:ý ljb\of – z:ý jf xft xltof/ rnfpg] ljb\of
z:ýf:ý ljb\of
z:ýf:ý ljb
z:ýf:ý ljb\ofz:ýf:ý ljb\of
\of
]
gkfnL, sIff 8

]
]
'
|
]
}
]
\
'
æxG%, of d/f nflu klg ;fefUosf s/f xf . n, kofuzfnfdf cfpgxf; . lzIf)f
]
]
'
'
]
F
'
'
}
}
]
l;sfO ;? ul/xfnf .Æ k/z/fdn v;L xb eg .
F
'
ut
kf/+ut
\\ut
{
\
kf/+
]
}
}
]
kf/+
\
bf)fnfO l;Sg ;do nfug . yf/ lbgd pgL z:ýf:ý ljbofdf kf/+\utkf/+\ut eP .
|
]
] Curriculum Development Centre


]
'
]
|
]
|
'
F
]
|
l&s To; ;dodf pTt/ kf~rfndf o!;g bkb /fhf ePsf va/ cfof . bf)fn bkb;u
]
}
'
]
u?sndf ePsf s/f emnSs ;Dem . dgdf cfzfsf] gofF ;"o{ pbfof] . kTgL s[kL / %f]/f
'
'
'
F
}
'
cZjTyfdfnfO lnP/ bf)f /ftf/ft kf~rfn ku . v;Ln ubub xb pgn /fhf bkbnfO {
{
]
]
'
\
]
'
]
|
|
F
{
]
]
F
]
]
'
'
|
]
e^ . pgn d;Ss xf:b eg, ældý bkb, lrGgeof < d tkfOsf ;xkf&L ldý bf)f . oL d/L
]
]
]
'
'
|
}
]
{
|
]
[
F
{
F
F
]
>LdtL skL / of d/f %f/f cZjTyfdf xf . d tkfO;usf kuf( ldýtf / tkfOn Tolt
]
]
]
]
]
]
'
]
anf lbgePsf jrg ;Dem/ ;kl/jf/ cfPsf % . xfdL clxn] lgSs} c;lhnfdf %f}F . kl/jf/
'
]
]
}
}
]
kfNg klg wf wf k/sf % .Æ
]
'
]
]
]
'
|
'
'
]
]
'
]
|
bf)fsf s/f ;g/ bkb l/;fP . pgsf cgxf/ u/f; h:t /ftf eof . pgn bf)fsf ]
|
F
}
'
]
]
cgxf/df Sjf/Sjf/tL xb eg, æd l;xf;gdf lj/fhdfg /fhf, ltdL bl/b|bl/b||bl/b|| afx'g . d
ª
{
bl/b
bl/b
}
kf/+\ut
kf/+\ut – l;kfn', kf]Vt

kf/+\ut
kf/+\ut
kf/+\ut
bl/b
bl/b | – ul/a
bl/b||||
bl/b
bl/b
g]kfnL, sIff 8

}
s;/L ltdf ldý < ldýtf t kb, klti&f, !fg, wg, zlSt ;a :t/ a/fa/ ePsfx¿;u
|
|
F
]
]
dfý xG% . ltdL t ;fdfGo !fg / lzi^tf klg gePsf /x%f, aemof < afnfkgdf
\
}
'
}
'
'
]
]
]
'
F
}
}
}
'
]
]
}
]
]
F
F
]
]
u?sndf ;u a:bf dn s eg s elgg Tof clxn ;Dem/ xG% < euf, cfP%f, cfhsf /ft
}
]
]
]
a; . ^Gg bfn, eft, t/sf/L vfpm . efln laxfg cfkmgf af^f nfu .Æ
\
/Gylgb
{
]
]
|
]
F
bkbsf of afnL Jojxf/ bf)fnfO ;lxg;Sgsf ckdfg nfUof . pgL /GylgFb} /GylgFb}} /GylgFb}} Toxfaf^
'
FFb
'
|
/Gylg
]
]
]
'
}
p& / ans xl:tgfk/lt/ nfu] . xl:tgfk'/sf /fhu? s[k pgsf ;fnf lyP . dgdg}
'
'
]
]
F
;fr, æ;;/fnLdf w/ lbg t a:g xbg, al:bg . clnlbg u'kr'ku'kr'k
]
'
]
F
'
}
}
]
ukrk
'
' u u'kr'k a;]/ eljiosf] of]hgf
kr
'
k
'
agfp% . xl:tgfk/d klg sxL sfd ldN% ls < olt;Dd ckdflgt eP, ca klg o:t }
]
}
'
F
'
F
Curriculum Development Centre
cls~rg
cls~rg
cls~rg
cls~rg eP/ afFRg'sf] t cy{} /x]g .Æ
cls~rg
xl:tgfk/ kukl% Ps lbg %f/fnfO lnP/ bf)f ^xlng lg:ssf lyP . dbfgdf /fhsdf/x¿
{
}
'
]
|
]
'
'
]
]
] *G*Llaof
]
]
}
}
]
]
|
]
'
*G*Llaof
]
]
{
]
h^/ *G*Llaof]*G*Llaof]]*G*Llaof]] vln/xsf bv . glhs rftf/Lsf l*ndf a;/ bf)f /dfOnf xg yfn .
]
]
]
]
vNbfvNb *G*L pl%^l^P/ glhssf ;Svf Ogf/df v:of . lemSg vfHbf /fhsdf/
}
]
'
]
]
'
\
}
]
]
F
]
}
F
olwli&/sf cf&L klg ToxL v:of . /fhs'df/x¿n] cg]sf}F k|oTg u/] t/ lgsfNg ;s]gg\ .
'
/Gylg
\
/Gylg FFb } –sg kL*f jf lrGtfaf^ %^kl^b }
/GylgFb}}Fb}}
F
'
/Gylg
}
/GylgFb
b
k
'
u u'kr'ku'kr'k –rkrfk, aflx/ ks^ gxg u/L leýleý sfd s/f bafpg rfn
' u'kr'k
]
kr
}
u'kr'k
'
'
|
'
]
]
cls~rg – lgwg, ul/a
cls~rg
cls~rg
cls~rg
{
cls~rg
]
*G*Llaof
*G*Llaof
]
\
*G*Llaof]
\
|
]
*G*Llaof –n&&Ln laofdf &ofs nufP/ vlng kl;bw vn
*G*Llaof
]
\
]
gkfnL, sIff 8
]

{
}
]
\
]
'
|
'
'
'
]
'
]
F
'
]
]
]
d;d; xf:b xl//xsf bf)f / cZjTyfdfnfO /fhsdf/ olwli&/n bv . sf xg, oL sfnf
'
]
\
F
'
]
]
\
cgxf/sf xl;nf dflg; < logn] sxL dbbt ug ;S%g ls eGg ljrf/ u/ . pgn ]
{
'
}
'
F
'
}
{
}
]
glhs uP/ clejfbg ub eg, æckl/lrt dxfbo, d /fhsdf/ olwli&/ x / dbfgdf
]
'
vNg oL ;a d/f efOx¿ xg . ;Svf Ogf/df xfdf *G*L v:of . Ogf/ lgSs ulx/f % .
'
]
\
}
]
}
]
]
]
|
]
]
}
F
]
xfdLn lgsfNg ;sgf . db\bt ug{ ;Sg'x'G% ls <Æ
}
'
}
{
'
F
]
'
]
'
F
F
F
|
'
]
bf)fn d;d; xf:b eg, ædn ltdf *G*L / cf&L lgsflnlbP eg dnfO efh vjfp%f <Æ
F
}
}
]
]
|
]
]
]
]
'
ælsg gvjfpg < eJo efh vjfp%fÆ olwli&/n eg .
]
}
'
F
'
'
F
Curriculum Development Centre
}
}
]
]
}
|
]
]
|
bf)f p&/ Ogf/sf l*ndf uP . cZjTyfdf klg ;Fu uP . ;asf cufl* bf)fn cgf&f ]
]
z:ý sf}zn k|of]u u/] . pgn] ;lhn};Fu *G*L / cf}F&L lnP/ lg:s] . /fhs'df/x¿
'
]
{
'
} ljj/)fljj/)f
{
cfZro rlst eP . olwli&/n bub uP/ lktfdx eLidnfO ;a ljj/)fljj/)f ;gfP / eg, ]
{
}
ljj/)f
'
}
]
\
ælktfdx, tL crDdsf dflg; clxn klg rftf/Ldf al;/xsf %g .Æ
]
]
]
'
æxf / <Æ eLidn dgdg lglZrt u/ . oL cjZo klg ef/åfh ký bf)f xgk% . t?Gt }
]
'
'
{
}
'
|
]
]
]
]
'
]
F
|
]
{
p&/ olwli&/;u eLid klg rftf/Ldf ku . pgn bf)fnfO ljzif cfb/;fy #/df lnP/
}
'
}
cfP . cfltYo ;Ddfgkl% eLidn] eg], ædxf]bo b|f])f, tkfO{F;Fu o;/L e]^\g kfpg' xfd|f
] efUof]boefUof]bo
nflu &nf efUof]boefUof]bo ] " ] [
]
efUofbosf ;rs xf . xfdLdfly skf ug'{xf];\ . tkfO{F o; ;fd|fHosf]
'
'
|
{
;Ddflgt cfrfo ag/ xl:tgfk/df al;lbgxf; . xfdf /fhsdf/x¿nfO z:ýf:ýsf ]
{
'
'
]
]
\
}
\
'
klzIf)f lbgxf; . o; ;fdfHonfO cfkmg ;/x &fGgeP xG% . xfdL tkfOF{nfO{ ;Ddfg
'
]
|
|
{
'
\
lbG%f}F .Æ
{
{
]
'
F
æxG%, tkfOsf k:tfj dnfO :jLsf/ %Æ bf)fn eg . olt ePkl% %f/f cZjTyfdfsf ]
]
|
]
|
]
]
'
'
]
]
'
]
bw vfg /x/ klg k/f xg eof
{
|
]
]
bf)f ca cfrfo{ bf)f eP . sf/j kf)*j /fhs'df/x¿nfO z:ýf:ý l;sfpg yfn] .
}
|
x:t sf
zn
}
x:t sfzn
x:t sf
]
'
}}zn
chgsf nugzLntf / x:t sf}znx:t sf}zn a]hf]*sf] lyof] . cfrfo{ b|f])f %f]/f cZjTyfdfkl%
{
]
]
]
{
lzio chgnfO ljzif :gx uy .
'
{
{
ljj/)f –jTtfGt, sg s/f vn:t kfg u/L lbOPsf j)fg
ljj/)f
}
{
]
ljj/)f
ljj/)f
ljj/)f
'
'
'
[
]
{
efUof
efUof]boefUof]bo – efUosf pbo, efUo hfusf ]
efUof
bo
]
]
efUof]bo
]]bo
x:t sf}zn}zn
x:t sf
x:t sf
}}zn
zn
x:t sf}zn – xftsf] l;k
x:t sf
g]kfnL, sIff 8

'
'
'
lzIff ·dzM k/f xb uof . clGtd k/LIff klg ;lsof . ;a /fhsdf/x¿ wgljbofdf
\
{
}
]
]
'
F
}
]
]
|
|
'
{
'
'
]
F
lgk)f eP . æxfdL u? blIf)ff s ^Sofpm <Æ /fhsdf/x¿n cfrfo bf)fl;t ;fw .
]
]
]
{
'
{
|
{
|
bf)fn cgfof; eg, ækf~rfn g/z bkbnfO oxf Nofpm / dnfO ck)f u/ oxL xf d/f ]
]
F
]
]
]
]
]
|
'
{
]
'
{
{
]
]
{
F
'
]
;jfTtd u? blIf)ff .Æ bofwgn eg, æxfdL bkbnfO tkfOsf cufl* NofOlbG%f . o;}
F
}
'
F
|
t d PSn uP klg ;gf;lxt bkbnfO Nofpg ;S% . zfefsf nflu d;u d/f efOx¿ hfG%g .
]
]
'
\
{
}
]
{
ldý s)f klg hfG%g\ .Æ
]
'
]
}
}
]
\
^fnL k:yfg u/sf sxL lbgd sf/j / kf~rfnsf lar #df;fg obw eof . o!;g
]
]
|
]
bkbsf o'b\w sf}zno'b\w sf}znsf cufl* bofwg, s)fnufot sg klg ofbwf l^Sg ;sgg . efu]/
'
'
]
]
{
\
] o'b\w sf}zno'b\w sf}zn
obw sfzn
}
'
|
}
\
]
{
\
'
\Development Centre
}
|
]
F
Hofg hfufP . æPs k^s xfdL sfl;; u%f . xfdL kfr efO hfG%fÆ chgn ljgdtfsf
F
{
}
'
]
F
{
]
'
}
\
'
}
\
|
;fy clejfbg ub eg . æbkb sDtLsf ofbwf %gg xÆ eGb bf)f d:s/fP . o; k^s
]
]
]
|
'
}
{
}
'
]
\
'
\
{
obwdf kf~rfn g/z bkb ljhoL aGg ;sgg . chgsf !fg / obw sfznsf cufl*
'
|
]
\
}
'
]
bkbsf hf* rng . chgn bkbnfO obweldd ;dft/ /ydf /fv . pgn] b|f])fsf
'
'
|
]
]
'
}
{
\
]
"
]
]
{
'
]
|
|
'
{
\
}
{
'
|
}
'
{
cufl* bkbnfO NofP/ k; ub eg, ælng; cfrfo, u? blIf)ff ^SofPsf %f .Æ
]
]
F
]
{
]
F
]
]
\
}
]
{
{
'
bkbnfO o; cj:yfdf bv/ cfrfo bf)fnfO dgdg xf;f p&of . pgL ;oldt eP t/
|
|
ª
F
'
xfF;]gg\ . cfvfdf cfFvf hwfP/ xb eg, ækj /fhf bkb, g*/fpgxf; . d tkfO{FnfO{
'
|
]
'
"
}
{
]
{
\
]
F
}
}
\
}
F
F
]
]
]
}
{
F
F
]
dflb{gF . afnfkgdf tkfO / d/flar ulx/f ldýtf lyof . ;u k(of, l;Sof, vNof, vfof F }
]
'
]
/ a:of}F . kl% tkfO /fhf xgeof . P]Zjo{P]Zjo{{P]Zjo{{sf dft nfUof . #dG*n] pGdTtpGdTt
pGdTt x'g'eof] .
]
'
F
pGdTt
PZjo
{
pGdTt
] P]Zjo
Curriculum
F
] jrgab\wtfjrgab\wtf
{
'
d;usf ldýtf la;geof . jrgab\wtfjrgab\wtf { ' ]
jrgabwtf la;geof . d]/f] ckdfg klg ug'{eof] . tkfO{Fsf]
]
F
]
{
]
\
F
ToxL #dG* tf*gsf nflu dn tkfOaf^ /fHo vf:gk/sf xf . clxn tkfO k/flht
]
{
]
'
}
]
]
]
]
]
'
'
xgxG% / d/f aGwgdf xgxG% .Æ
'
'
'
'
}
æd cem klg tkfO;u ldýtf rfxG% . clxn tkfO cls~rg, d ;Ttf;Lg . xfdL a/fa/L
{
F
F
F
{
]
'
]
:t/df %gf . ldýtf t a/fa/Lsf lardf dfý xG% xfnf . x}g < o;} eP/ d tkfO{FnfO{
F
}
'
}
kf~rfn /fHo cfwf lkmtf lbG%, xG% <Æ
'
'
{
'
' o'b\w sf}zn
o o'b\w sf}zno'b\w sf}zn – obwdf bvfOg snf
]
]
\
zn
}
\
o'b\w sf}zn
b
w sf
] P P]Zjo
P P]Zjo { – wg ;DklTt, ;v cfgGb
P]Zjo{{]Zjo{{
Zjo
'
pGdTt – dflTtPsf ]
pGdTt
pGdTt
pGdTt
pGdTt
jrgab
jrgab\wtf\wtf
]
]
F
'
\
jrgab
jrgab \\wtf – jrgabw xg efj jf sandf aflwg sfd
'
wtf
jrgab\wtf
]
gkfnL, sIff 8

]
'
}
]
]
|
]
'
F
]
]
|
{
{
o!;g bkbsf cfvf emSof . kl;g kl;gf eP . sxL afngg . cfrfo bf)fnfO nfUof, ]
]
\
]
]
{
]
F
æolt ePkl% logsf #dG* x/fof ls < o;eGbf a(L sxL ulbg .Æ
]
|
{
cfrfo bf)f cf;gaf^ p& . pgn ;/f;/ uP/ bkbsf aGwg vfn . p&fP/ c+sdfn
]
]
]
]
]
'
|
\
u/, plrt ;Ddfg;fy labf u/] .
]
]
{
\
bkb eg af^fel/ / cfkmgf /fHodf klu;skl% klg zfGt xg ;sgg . pgnfO lrGtf
]
\
]
'
]
|
'
]
'
'
]
]
|
k¥of . bkbn #dG*L ePsf ;hfo kfP . b|f])fn] b'|kbsf] uNtLsf] k|ltzf]w lnPgg\ . a?
]
'
{
ldýtfkjs bkbnfO labf u/L c;n JolStsf ¿kdf cfkm\gf kl/ro lbP .
|
"
{
]
Curriculum Development Centre
F(RI
F(RI
F(RI
F(RI
F(RI
1= sIffdf …ldýtf’ syf kfn}kfnf] k(]/ ;'gfpm .
1= sIffdf …ldýtf’ syf kfn}kfnf] k(]/ ;'gfpm .sIffdf …ldýtf’ syf kfn}kfnf] k(]/ ;'gfpm .
1= sIffdf …ldýtf’ syf kfn kfnf ] k( ] / ; gfpm .
'
1= sIffdf …ldýtf’ syf kfn}kfnf] k(]/ ;'gfpm .
1=
}
2= pTt/ eg M
2= pTt/ eg M
2= pTt/ eg M
2= pTt/ eg M
2= pTt/ eg M


-s_ /fhs'df/ b|'kbn] ldý b|f])f;Fu s] k|lt!f u/] <


]
-v_ bf)fsf ljjfx sf;u eof <
]
F
|
]
]
'
\
]
-u_ cZjTyfdf s;sf %f/f xg <
}
F
]
]
'
F
]
|
]
-#_ olwli&/sf cf&L bf)fn sxfaf^ lgsfn <
{
|
|
-+_ bf)f s;/L cfrfo bf)f eP <
]
]
]
]
|
{
]
{
]
{
-r_ cfrfo bf)f s;nfO ljzif :gx uy <
3= s;n
{{ lsg eg]sf] xf], n]v M
3= s;n
3= s;n s;nfO lsg egsf xf, nv M
3= s;n
3= s;n] s;nfO { lsg eg sf ] ] xf , n ] v M
]
]
]] s;nfO{ lsg eg]sf] xf], n]v M{ lsg eg]sf] xf], n]v M
]
]
]] s;nfO
]
s;nfO
}
'
{
-s_ cfwf /fHo d ltdLnfO g lbG% . of] d]/f] k|lt!f xf] .
F
]
'
-v_ oL, d}n klg bw kfP .
F
]
\
-u_ d;u ca of z/L/ / z:ýf:ý ljbof dfý afsL % .
F
]
|
-#_ xG%, tkfOsf k:tfj dnfO :jLsf/ % .
F
{
'
{
'
]
|
-+_ kf~rfn g/z bkbnfO Nofpm / dnfO ck)f u/ .
{
{
{
4= kf&sf bf ];|f] cg 'R%] b k( ] / tn ;f lwPsf k |Zgsf] pTt/ eg M
]] bf];|f] cg'R%]b k(/ tn ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pTt/ eg M];|f] cg'R%]b k(/ tn ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pTt/ eg M
4= kf&sf
]
]] bf
4= kf&sf bf];|f] cg'R%]b k(/ tn ;flwPsf k|Zgsf] pTt/ eg M
4= kf&sf] bf];|f] cg'R%]b k(
]]/ tn ;flwPsf k|Zgsf] pTt/ eg M
4= kf&sf
]
]
]
]
-s_ /fhsdf/ bkb slxn cfkmgf bz kf~rfn kms <
]
|
]
]
\
]
{
'
'
-v_ afns cZjTyfdf lsg ?Gy <
]
g]kfnL, sIff 8

{
]
{
'
-u_ sf cZjTyfdfnfO bvfO bw vfGy <
]
]
]
}
F
}
-#_ cZjTyfdf lsg gfRb / xf:b kfgL vfg yfn <
||Zgx¿sf
5= tnsf k
5= tnsf k
5= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf ]] pTt/ n]v M
||Zgx¿sf] pTt/ n]v M] pTt/ n]v M
5= tnsf k
]
Zgx¿sf
pTt/ n
]
]
5= tnsf kZgx¿sf pTt/ nv M
v M
|
]
]
'
{
[
}
-s_ bf)f / skLnfO lsg ;f/ bMv nfUof <
-v_ bf)f s;/L z:ýf:ý ljbofdf kf/+ut eP <
\
|
]
\
|
]
'
|
]
'
-u_ bkbsf s:tf s/f ;g/ bf)f /GylgP <
'
;Demfp Curriculum Development Centre
'
{
-#_ /fhsdf/x¿ lsg cfZro rlst eP <
-+_ cZjTyfdfsf bw vfg /x/ s;/L k/f eof <
'
]
]
]
'
'
|
]
F
]
-r_ kf~rfn g/z bkbn lsg bf)f;usf ldýtf la;g ku <
{
|
]
]
'
]
]
'
{
|
]
]
]
|
-%_ bf)fsf ckdfg ubf /fhf bkbsf cj:yf s:tf eof <
]
'
{
|
]
]
|
'
]
-h_ cfrfo bf)fn bkbnfO lsg cfwf /fHo lkmtf lbG% eg <
{
{
\
\
|
]
-em_ bkb lsg cfkmgf /fHodf kukl% klg zfGt xg ;sgg <
'
]
'
]
'
]
-`_ …ldýtf’ syfaf^ s lzIff kfOG% <
efj :ki^ kf/ M
6= 6= 6= 6= 6= efj :ki^ kf/ M
efj :ki^ kf/ M
efj :ki^ kf/ M
efj :ki^ kf/ M
{
-s_ PZjosf dft nfUof . #dG*n] pGdTt x'g'eof] . d;Fusf] ldýtf la;{g'eof] .
]
]
]
]
{
]
]
]
'
{
'
jrgabwtf la;geof . d/f ckdfg klg ugeof .
\
F
F
{
-v_ d cem klg tkfO;u ldýtf rfxG% . clxn tkfO cls~rg, d ;Ttf;Lg .
}
'
]
F
{
olb ltdL …ldýtf’ syfsf
]
)fn
'
|
kb ePsf
/fhf b
olb ltdL …ldýtf’ syfsf] /fhf b|'kb ePsf] eP b|f])fn] k'/fgf] k|lt!f
]
|
k
7= 7= 7= 7= 7= olb ltdL …ldýtf’ syfsf] /fhf b|'kb ePsf] eP b|f])fn] k'/fgf] k|lt!f
]
olb ltdL …ldýtf’ syfsf] /fhf b|'kb ePsf] eP b|f])fn] k'/fgf] k|lt!f
/fgf
eP b
k
olb ltdL …ldýtf’ syfsf] /fhf b|'kb ePsf] eP b|f])fn] k'/fgf] k|lt!f
]
]
|
'
lt!f
f
;Demfp
;DemfpFbf s] uYof}{, pTt/ b]pm .;DemfpFbf s] uYof}{, pTt/ b]pm .
FFbf s] uYof}{, pTt/ b]pm .
pm .
bf s
;DemfpFbf s] uYof}{, pTt/ b]pm .
]
}
]
uYof
, pTt/ b
{
8= …ldýtf t kb, k|lti&f, !fg, wg / zlSt ;a } s ' /f a/fa/ ePsfx¿; u dfý
8= …ldýtf t kb, k
||lti&f, !fg, wg / zlSt ;a} s'/f a/fa/ ePsfx¿;Fu dfý} s'/f a/fa/ ePsfx¿;Fu dfý
}} s'/f a/fa/ ePsfx¿;Fu dfý
||lti&f, !fg, wg / zlSt ;a
8= …ldýtf t kb, k
8= …ldýtf t kb, k
8= …ldýtf t kb, klti&f, !fg, wg / zlSt ;a s/f a/fa/ ePsfx¿;u dfý
F
F
lti&f, !fg, wg / zlSt ;a
'
' x x'G%’ eGg] /fhf b|'kbsf] ljrf/;Fu ltdL ;xdt jf c;xdt s] %f}, sf/)f;lxt] /fhf b|'kbsf] ljrf/;Fu ltdL ;xdt jf c;xdt s] %f}, sf/)f;lxt
'
' x'G%’ eGg
xG%’ eGg ]] /fhf b|'kbsf] ljrf/;Fu ltdL ;xdt jf c;xdt s] %f}, sf/)f;lxt
'
]
ljrf/;
'
xG%’ eGg /fhf bkbsf ljrf/;u ltdL ;xdt jf c;xdt s %f, sf/)f;lxt
kbsf
|
]
|
]
u ltdL ;xdt jf c;xdt s
]
/fhf b
, sf/)f;lxt
]
F
F
}
G%’ eGg
}
%f
:ki^ u/ .:ki^ u/ .
:ki^ u/ .
:ki^ u/ ..
:ki^ u/
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
zAb e)*f/
9= tnsf zAbsf cy nv M
9= tnsf zAbsf
{
9= tnsf zAbsf
]] cy{ n]v M{ n]v M
9= tnsf zAbsf cy n ] ] v M
{{ n]v M
9= tnsf zAbsf] cy
]] cy
]
{
|
kuf(, cls~rg, ;jfTtd, lj>fd
]
gkfnL, sIff 8

10= ldý ±
10= ldý ±
10= ldý ± tf …ldýtf’ eP h:t tnsf zAbdf …tf’ k Too hf ] * / gof F F zAb
…ldýtf’ eP h:t} tnsf zAbdf …tf’ k
}} tnsf zAbdf …tf’ k
||Too hf]*]/ gofF zAb
}} tnsf zAbdf …tf’ k|Too hf]*]/ gofF zAb|Too hf]*]/ gofF zAb
10= ldý
…ldýtf’ eP h:t
…ldýtf’ eP h:t
|
]
]
10= ldý ± ± tf tf tf tf = …ldýtf’ eP h:t tnsf zAbdf …tf’ kToo hf*/ gof zAb
]
agfpm M
agfpm M
agfpm M
agfpm M
agfpm M
'
zý, slj, bl/b, lzi^, ;dfg
|
11= kof
{{ojfrL zAb %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M
]
11= kof{ojfrL zAb %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M
11= kof{ojfrL zAb %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M{ojfrL zAb %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M
11= kof ojfrL zAb %fg / hf *f ldnfpm M
]
11= kof
cfrfo { koTg cls~rg clejfbg :t/
|
sfl;; u? gd:sf/ tx bl/b aGwg
]
|
'
12= cg's/)ffTds zAb;Fu ldNbf] lj|mof %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M12= cg's/)ffTds zAb;Fu ldNbf] lj|mof %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M
12= cg
*f ldnfpm M
]
]
F
u ldNbf
12= cg's/)ffTds zAb;Fu ldNbf] lj|mof %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M
|
/ hf
]
mof %fg
''s/)ffTds zAb;Fu ldNbf] lj|mof %fg]/ hf]*f ldnfpm M
s/)ffTds zAb;
lj
12= cg
Curriculum Development Centre
'
'
'
'
d;Ss w?w? emnSs Sjf/Sjf/tL ^Gg
'
'
{
'
'
?g ' xf:g vfg ;Demg xg gfRg '
]
F
13= cy {{ :ki^ x'g] u/L jfSodf k|of]u u/ M'g] u/L jfSodf k|of]u u/ M
13= cy{ :ki^ x
13= cy
u/L jfSodf k
]
]
u u/ M
'
g
''g] u/L jfSodf k|of]u u/ M
|
|
of
13= cy
]
]
13= cy :ki^ xg u/L jfSodf kofu u/ M
{{ :ki^ x
:ki^ x
'
\
'
'
{
'
'
'
'
pGdTt xg, ;Ttf;Lg xg, c+sdfn ug, czfGt xg, d;Ss d:s/fpg '
'
'
'
'
pRrf/)f / lxHh
pRrf/)f / lxHh]
pRrf/)f / lxHh
pRrf/)f / lxHh
pRrf/)f / lxHh
14= tn lbOPsf zAbx¿ z'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ M
14= tn lbOPsf zAbx¿ z'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ Mtn lbOPsf zAbx¿ z'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ M
14=
14= tn lbOPsf zAbx¿ z ' b w; F u pRrf/)f u/ M
14= tn lbOPsf zAbx¿ z'b\w;Fu pRrf/)f u/ M
\
{
]
'
bkb, km;t, cZjTyfdf, bf)f, ;j:j bfg, z:ýf:ý, lzi^tf, lzio
|
'
|
{
{{sf] leGgtfn] x'g] km/s cy{ lzIfsnfO{ ;f]w]/
{
15= tnsf zAbx¿ k( / j)f{sf] leGgtfn] x'g] km/s cy{ lzIfsnfO{ ;f]w]/
15= tnsf zAbx¿ k( / j)f
]
15= tnsf zAbx¿ k( / j)f sf ] leGgtfn ] x ' g ] km/s cy lzIfsnfO { ;f ] w /
15= tnsf zAbx¿ k( / j)f{sf] leGgtfn] x'g] km/s cy{ lzIfsnfO{ ;f]w]/{sf] leGgtfn] x'g] km/s cy{ lzIfsnfO{ ;f]w]/
15= tnsf zAbx¿ k( / j)f
' a a'emL jfSodf k|of]u u/ M
a a'emL jfSodf k|of]u u/ M'emL jfSodf k|of]u u/ M
a'emL jfSodf k|of]u u/ M
|
of
]
emL jfSodf k
u u/ M
l*n – lbn, */ – b/, #/ – ;/, /x/ – ;x/, ;sfo – ssfo, ;ofu – ljofu,
]
'
{
ª
{
]
'
kjt – ;at, dg – tg, afns – kfns
{
{
''b\w u/L ;f/ M\w u/L ;f/ M
16= z
16= z ''b \\w u/L ;f/ M
16= z'b
16= z
16= zbw u/L ;f/ M
b
\
w u/L ;f/ M
F
}
]
'
{
{
|
]
}
Ps k^s xfdL sflz; u%f xfdL kfr efO hfG%f chgn ljgdtfsf ;fy
clejfbg u/b eg ]
\
}
17= pbfx/)f x
]]/L cGo ;fdu|Lsf] cWoog u/L C / l/ nfu]sf kfFr kfFr cf]^f|Lsf] cWoog u/L C / l/ nfu]sf kfFr kfFr cf]^f
17= pbfx/)f x
17= pbfx/)f x ]]/L cGo ;fdu ||Lsf] cWoog u/L C / l/ nfu]sf kfFr kfFr cf]^f
17= pbfx/)f x]/L cGo ;fdu
F
r kf
F
F
]
^f
]
F
r cf
sf kf
]
cWoog u/L C / l/ nfu
]
]
]
/L cGo ;fdu
17= pbfx/)f x/L cGo ;fduLsf cWoog u/L C / l/ nfusf kfr kfr cf^f
|
Lsf
zAbx¿ l^k M
zAbx¿ l^k M
zAbx¿ l^k M
zAbx¿ l^k M
zAbx¿ l^k M
pbfx/)f M C – Clif, l/ – l/;fP
g]kfnL, sIff 8

sfo
sfo
{{d"ns Jofs/)f
sfo
sfo{d"ns Jofs/)f{d"ns Jofs/)f
ns Jofs/)f
sfo{d"ns Jofs/)f
"
d
''em M
''em M
18= k( / a'em M
18= k( / a
18= k( / a
18= k( / a
em M
18= k( / aem M
d ltdL
cfwf /fHo d ltdLd ltdLnfO{ g} lbG%' .
d ltdL
d ltdL
dnfO tkfO{FtkfO{F{FtkfO{F{F;u ePsf z:ýf:ý ljbof lbgxf; .
F
\
tkfO
{ tkfO
]
]
\
'
pgL ToxfFaf^ p&]/ a]n's} xl:tgfk'/lt/ nfu] .
pgL
pgL
pgL
pgL
xfdL
xfdL
xfdL
xfdL
xfdLn] lgsfNg ;s]gf}F . db\bt ug{ ;Sg'x'G% ls <
Curriculum Development Centre
{
F
dflysf jfSodf uf(f cIf/df cfPsf …d, ltdL, tkfO, pgL, xfdL’ h:tf ;jgfd
{
]
{
'
\
'
zAbx¿n k?ifnfO aemfPsf %g . g]kfnL efiffdf k'?ifn] af]Ng] jStf, ;'Gg] >f]tf /
F
\
[
'
'
'
'
|
'
ljifonfO aemfp%g . kyd k?if, låtLo k?if / ttLo k?if u/L k?if ltg lsl;dsf
{
xG%g . h:t M
}
'
\
|
kyd k?if M d, xfdL, cfkm "
'
F
'
låtLo k?if M t, ltdL, tkfO F {
]
'
ttLo k?if M pm, pgL, pxf, pgLx¿, Tof, ltgL, ltgLx¿
[
F
'
'
{
dflysf pbfx/)fdf cfPsf låtLo k?if / ttLo k?ifsf zAbx¿nfO cgfb/ -lgDg
[
cfb/_, dWod cfb/ -;fdfGo cfb/_ / pRr cfb/ u/L ltg efudf ljefhg ug {
}
;lsG% . h:t M
cgfb/ M t, pm, Tof ]
F
dWod cfb/ M ltdL, pgL, ltgL
pRr cfb/ M tkfO, pxf F
{
F
19=
19=
] sf sf]i&sdf lbOPsf] ;+\s]tsf cfwf/df tnsf jfSox¿ kl/jt{g u/ M
19= sf sf]i&sdf lbOPsf] ;+\s]tsf cfwf/df tnsf jfSox¿ kl/jt{g u/ M]i&sdf lbOPsf] ;+\s]tsf cfwf/df tnsf jfSox¿ kl/jt{g u/ M
]
tsf cfwf/df tnsf jfSox¿ kl/jt
i&sdf lbOPsf
s
\
]
;+
{
sf]i&sdf lbOPsf] ;+\s]tsf cfwf/df tnsf jfSox¿ kl/jt{g u/ M
19=
g u/ M
19=
}
{
-s_ d ltdLnfO g lbG% . -t[tLo k'?if_
'
{
F
\
F
]
]
\
-v_ tkfO;u ePsf z:ýf:ý ljbof lbgxf; . -dWod cfb/_
'
'
F
]
-u_ pgL Toxfaf^ p&/ xl:tgfk/lt/ nfu . -pRr cfb/_
]
-#_ xfdLn lgsfNg ;sgf . -låtLo k?if_
]
]
'
}
F
gkfnL, sIff 8
]