E-Book Alia Hamid

TOUDRTISMM1M00A8L3A:YSIA

Prepared By :
Nurul Alia Binti Ab.Hamid (29DUP22F1001)



Prepared For :
MIss Surayahanim Binti Ali

ADEMCPIONENOISOEPTM-LBREIOACAOTONKIFODANMCBSAUOYLLUSATTTYUESRMIEAA&ND

CONTENT

PART A :
Agro-based industry- Rubber

PART B :
Malay Community
Chinese Community
Indian Community
Baba Nyonya Community
Indigenous Community
Sabah Ethnic Community
Sarawak Ethnic Community

PART A

AGRO-BASED INDUSTRY-RUBBER

INTRODUCTION

The natural rubber industry in Malaysia began
in 1877 in Kuala Kangsar, Perak. The planted
rubber saplings are Hevea brasiliensis species.
It is a type of plant that can live in an area
1000 km north and 1000 km south of the
equator. Rubber trees need 180 cm-250 cm of
rain per year. It also requires a temperature
between 25-30 degrees Celsius. Rubber is a
type of elastic hydrocarbon polymer that is
produced from colloid (known as latex or
latex) in several types of trees, among which is
the Rubber tree. There is also artificial rubber
that is produced synthetically

HISTORY

Rubber trees come from Brazil. Spanish navigator
Christopher Columbus was the first to find rubber
in Brazil in 1473 and he brought it back to Europe
to study its uses.
The first rubber plantation was developed in
Malacca in 1902/1903.
The area of r​ubber cultivation continued to grow
until it reached its peak of 2.06 million hectares in
1979.
The highest production ever achieved by the
country was as much as 1.66 million metric tons in
1988

RUBBER CATEGORY

Natural Rubber Synthetic Rubber Recycle Rubber
Natural rubber is Synthetic rubber is Recycle rubber made by
produced from rubber artifical rubber made processing the waste of various
trees that are mostly from raw materials rubber materials such as tires
grown in Southeast Asia such as butadiene, and tubes with heating methods
styrene and and use of chemicals
isoprene

RUIBNBEMRAILNADYUSSIATRY

Production : Usage :
Malaysia is the seventh country as a Malaysia ranks eighth as a
producer of natural rubber in the world in consumer of natural rubber in the
2020. world 2020
In 2021, Malaysia recorded a decrease in Malaysia's consumption of natural
production of 469.7 thousand metric rubber in 2021 amounted to 502.0
tons 8.7 percemt compared to the thousand metric tons decreased
previous 514.7 thousnd tons metrics. 3.2 percent compared to the
The country's natural rubber production previous year 518.71 thousand
during the six months of the year (2015- metric tons
2021) also recorded a decrease in the
avarage annual growth ratw of 6.9
percent (2015-2021) of natural rubber
production

IANGVEONLCVIEEDS

The agency that manages rubber in Malaysia is the Malaysian Rubber
Board (LGM)
The responsible minister is Yb Datuk Hajah Zuraida Kamaruddin
Established on January 1, 1998
Under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Plantation Industry and
Commodities Malaysia Previous agencies:
Malaysian Rubber Research and Development Board (LPKGM)
Malaysian Rubber Research Institute and Malaysian Rubber Research
Institute Board (IPGM)
Malaysian Rubber Licensing and Market Board (LPPGM).
Malaysia Rubber Board

MALAYCSPUIAALRTPTEUBORP:ELE AND

1.MALAYSIA COMMUNITY
2.CHINESE COMMUNITY
3.INDIAN COMMUNITY
4.BABA NYONYA COMMUNITY
5.INDIGENOUS COMMUNITY
6.SABAH ETHNIC COMMUNITY
7.SARAWAK ETHNIC COMMUNITY

INTRODUCTION

Malay Community

The constitutional definition of a Malay is a person
who professes the Muslim religion, habitually
speaks the Malay language and conforms to Malay
custom. The Malays, so the anthropologists and
historians tell us, came to the Malay Peninsula and
islands of Sonth-East Asia in prehistoric times.
Today the Malays are found principally in the
Malay Peninsula and Sumatra, where they form the
largest single ethnic group.

HISTORY RELIGION

The Malays were largely Hinduized Islam, Malaysia's official religion, is
before they were converted to Islam followed by about three-fifths of the
in the 15th century. Many Malays are population. Islam is one of the most
rural people, living in villages rather important factors distinguishing a
than towns. Much of the Malay Malay from a non-Malay, and, by
Peninsula is covered by jungle, and law, all Malays are Muslim.
the villages, with populations from
50 to 1,000, are located along rivers
and coasts or on roads.

TRADITIONAL FOOD

Nasi Lemak Lemang

Satay

TRADITIONAL ATTIRE

Baju Melayu Baju Melayu Baju Kurung Baju Kurung
Cekak Musang Teluk Belanga Kebaya

TRADITIONAL DANCE

SILAT JOGET DANCE



ZAPIN DANCE

TRADITIONAL MUSIC

KOMPANG GAMBUS

GONG

FESTIVAL

Hari Raya Hari Raya AidilFitri
Aidil Adha
Maulidur Rasul

GAMES

GASING BATU SEREMBAN

CONGKAK

CUSTOM AND TRADITIONS

The traditional Malay dressing is quite conservative as per the
laws of Islam. The Malay formal dress for men is the Baju Melayu,
a loose, long-sleeved shirt which is worn over a pair of trousers.
A white cap known as Kopiah is worn while going to the mosque
for prayers. A velvet cap called as Songkok is also worn along
with the formal dress in leather shoes.
A Malay woman does not leave the house for forty days after the
birth of her child. At the end of this period, a ceremony called
Berchukor is conducted where the child’s head is shaved.
Malays always use the right hand while eating even when they
use forks and spoons. In fact, all good things are done with the
right hand including holding the holy book of Quran.

INTRODUCTION

Chinese Community

Malaysian Citizens of Chinese ethnicity
comprise 23% of the Malaysian population,
making them the second largest ethnic group in
the country after the Malay majority. Malaysian
Chinese form the second largest community of
Overseas Chinese in the world. Most Malaysian
Chinese citizens are descendants of Southern
Chinese immigrants (largely from Fujian and
Guangdong), who arrived in Malaysia between
the early 19th and mid-20th centuries.

HISTORY

Early History
The first recorded movement of people from China into what is now Malaysia
came as a result of the Mongol expeditionary forces under Kublai Khan during the
13th century. A steady stream of Chinese immigration to Malacca occurred during
the Dutch occupation of the region in the 17th and 18th centuries, until the
foundation of British settlements in Penang (1786) and Singapore (1819) triggered
en mass emigration from China to the Malay peninsula, with the majority of this
emigration being agricultural.

Modern History
The ethnic Chinese community in Malaysia are traditionally important contributors
to the economic and business sectors of Malaysian society. This stems from a
consensual Malayan agreement in which Malays were to hold political dominance,
the Chinese were to control the country’s economic sectors, and Indians were to
play a lesser economic role. Today, most ethnic Chinese Malaysians reside in
urban areas of the country, and generally do not speak Malay amongst
themselves.

TRADITIONAL FOOD

Chow Mein Moon Cake

Dim Sum

TRADITIONAL ATTIRE

Cheongsam Tang Suit

TRADITIONAL DANCE

Dragon Dance Lion Dance

TRADITIONAL MUSIC

Guzheng Gu

The Oriental
Odessey

FESTIVAL

Mooncake Festival Chinese New Year

Lantern Festival

GAMES

Jian Zi Xiangqi

CUSTOM AND TRADITIONS

Hangbao (Angpou)
The Chinese New Year, or Spring Festival, is the happiest time of the
year for nearly all children in China. No matter what region or
background their families are from, they normally receive hongbao
(lucky money). Hongbao usually consists of brand new bills put in a
red envelop and given by the elders of the family. The hongbao
represents blessings for the year to come.

Celebrating Two Birthdays
As a result of the inconsistency of two prevalent calendars in China,
this is a custom that even some Chinese people couldn’t figure out.
Traditionally (especially before 1911, when the Gregorian Calendar
was applied in China), Chinese people have celebrated only the Lunar
Calendar birthdays. Nowadays, it is more common to observe the
Gregorian calendar birthdays in China, just like most of the world
does, but the elderly and people who are born in the countryside are
still used to celebrating Lunar Calendar birthdays.

INTRODUCTION

Indian Community

The Indian community in Malaysia is
one of the country's three main ethnic
groups, the other two being Malays and
the Chinese. Today the Indian
community accounts for about 7% of
Malaysia's population and is considered
the third largest single ethnic group in
Malaysia.

HISTORY RELIGIOUS

Most are descendants of those The majority of the Malayalees
who migrated from India during and Telugus in Malaysia also
the British Malaya era from the practice Hinduism. Sikhism is
early 19th to mid-20th centuries. practiced mainly by Punjabis.
The majority of Malaysian Many Sindhis also worship in
Indians are ethnic Tamils; Sikh Gurdwaras in Malaysia.
smaller groups include the Christianity is practiced by a
Malayalees, Telugus, Sikhs and minority of Tamil people.
others.

TRADITIONAL FOOD

Nasi Briyani Banana Leaf

Chappati

TRADITIONAL ATTIRE

Kurta Saree

TRADITIONAL MUSIC

Dholak Manjira

Table

GAMES

Kabadi Kho-Kho

Lattoo

FESTIVAL

Ponggal Thaipusam

Deepavali

CUSTOM AND TRADITIONS

One of the customs and traditions in
Indian culture is to have a bath or shower
before entering a temple or at least wash
your hands and feet to cleanse yourself
of negative thoughts and evil influences.
Appropriate attire is really important,
namely conservative clothing to indicate
respect.

INTRODUCTION

Baba Nyonya Community

Malaysia is a multicultural society with rich
cultureal heritage
Baba Nyonya intermarriage of Chinese people
from China with the native people in Peninsula
Malaysia
Situated around Malacca, Singapore an Penang
By the middle of the 20th Century, most
Peranakan were English educated.

HISTORY RELIGIOUS

The Peranakan Chinese commonly Most of the Baba Nyonya
refer to themselves as Baba- communities subscribe to the
Nyonya. The term Baba is an traditional Chinese beliefs such
honorific for Straits Chinese men. It as Taoism, Confucianism and
originated as a Hindustani Buddhism, a small portion of the
(originally Persian) loan-word community are Christians and
borrowed by Malay speakers as a Catholics. And Tan, a sixth
term of affection for one's generation Baba from Melaka is
grandparents, and became part of a Buddhist who will be
the common vernacular. honouring his ancestors' spirits
at home on the eve.

TRADITIONAL FOOD

Laksa Nyonya Kuih Chang

Nasi Kunyit

TRADITIONAL ATTIRE

Kasut Manik Baju Lok Chuan Baju Panjang Baju Kebaya
Nyonya

TRADITIONAL DANCE

Dondang Sayang Tarian Kipas

FESTIVAL

Chinese New Year

Cheng Beng

GAMES

Chongkak

Cheki

CUSTOM AND TRADITIONS

The customs of Baba Nyonya in celebration of birth
At the full lunar month muar-guay ceremory (30 day after birth of
the child Nyonyas) whereby the Nasi Kunyit, chicken curry and the
red bean cake in the shape of tortoises which name ‘ang-koo’
together with two red boiled egg.

Baba Nyonya when dining
Sitting at the corner of the dining table is not allowed as they
believe that the table corner is a sharp knife which pointing at the
person who is sitting there

Baba Nyonya when taking a photo
They believe that when three person is taking photo together the
middle one will be the first person who was died

INTRODUCTION

Indigenous Community

Indigenous communities, peoples and
nations are those which, having a
historical continuity with pre-invasion
and pre-colonial societies that
developed on their territories, consider
themselves distinct from other sectors
of the societies now prevailing on those
territories, or parts of them.

HISTORY RELIGION

The term Indigenous was first, in About 70 per cent practise
its modern context, used by traditional animist religions,
Europeans, who used it to about 10 per cent are Christian
differentiate the Indigenous and 15–20 per cent Muslim,
peoples of the Americas from though the percentage of
the European settlers of the Orang Asli who are Muslim has
Americas and from the Africans been steadily increasing in more
who were brought to the recent years, especially among
Americas as enslaved people. the Proto-Malay.

TRADITIONAL FOOD

Ubi Rebus

Pucuk Paku Hutan

TRADITIONAL ATTIRE

Grass Skirt Tree Bark

TRADITIONAL DANCE

Sewang is a traditional dance performed
by the aboriginal Orang Asli people of
Malaysia. Originally the dance was
performed for funeral, for thanksgiving,
or to treat the sick or wounded, and now
it is also used to entertain foreign
travelers.It involves dancing in a circle to
music produced from bamboo.

Mah Meri FESTIVAL

One of the most popular Mah Meri Festival is the
Hari Moyang or Spirit’s Day. It starts after the
Chinese New Year for a period of 1 month. All the
10 different villages in and around Carey Island
celebrate this day but separately.
The Mah Meri do not celebrate their festivals in their
homes with their families and friends but in a common
place known as the house of the spirits by all members of
the vllage.
All food and drinks are shared while the shaman will
conduct the ceremony beginning with the blessing.