learning-English-Through-Pictures-Book-2-Workbook

42 ................................................................................. But you said,
“It is very strong!”
Don’t do that! It wasn’t strong.
Oh, now it
is broken!

.....................................................

I will make I’m giving Is this line long?
it stronger. it to you. This line is longer.
Give the roof
to me, please. Is this bit of wood
strong?

This bit of wood is
stronger.

43

Here are the supports for ................................................................................. Where?
the roof.

Here.

Will you put another In the middle.
support for it in Yes, that is better.
the middle?

.....................................................

This is a straight line

This is one This is the That will be better.
end of it. other end. That will make the roof
stronger.
This
is the middle

of it.

This is a bent line.

44 .................................................................................

Jane is making
something.

What are you doing,
Jane?

.....................................................

I am making a coat and Here are the
trousers. trousers.

Here is the coat.

“Has your coat a collar?” ................................................................................. 45

This is the front of the
coat.

Here is the collar of the
coat.

“Yes, it has. Here is the
collar.”

.....................................................

This is the back of the This is one side of it.
coat.

This is one pocket of it.

46 .................................................................................
Here is the other side.

This This
is the is the
right left
side. side.

.....................................................

These are the arms of the These are the buttons of
coat. the coat.

The The
right left
arm. arm.

47

This is a button. ................................................................................. This is a needle.

This is a button-hole. This is thread.

.....................................................

What are you doing with And I am making the
your needle now? button-holes.

I am putting this button
on the coat.

48 ................................................................................. This is the end of
the thread.
The girl will put the end
of the thread through
the needle.

This is the hole in
the needle.

She has the needle in the It is the eye
fingers of one hand and of the needle.
the thread in the fingers
of the other hand.

.....................................................

The end of the thread is The thread did not go
not going straight. It is through the needle. It is
not going through the not through the hole in
hole in the needle. the needle now.

49

It is on one side of the .................................................................................
needle.

It is on this side of the Now the girl is doing it
needle. again.
Is the end of the thread

through the hole?

No, it is not.

It is on the other side of

the needle.

.....................................................

The girl is making It went through.
another attempt. The girl is taking the end
This time the thread will of the thread in her
go through the hole. fingers.
The end of the thread is The thread is through
straight. the needle.

50 ................................................................................. Narrow?
This is a narrow street.
Where are your scissors?
Here they are.

This blade This blade
is narrow. is wide.
.....................................................
This is a wide street.

These trousers
are wide.

These trousers
are narrow.

51

QUESTIONS

a These are two walls. .............................................................................. b These are two cuts.

a Which of them is b Which of them is

thicker? Is wall a or wider? Is cut a or

wall b thicker? cut b wider?

....................................................

c These are two nails. d Which of

Which of them these two
is longer? men is
stronger?

....................................................

e Which of these two f Which of these two

pencils is shorter? cards is longer?

f Which is wider?

....................................................

g Which of these three h Which of these things

angles is a right angle? are broken?

....................................................
This page is page 51. The answers are on page 54.

52

QUESTIONS

a What is he doing? .............................................................................. b What is she doing?

....................................................

c What is he doing? d What is he doing now?

....................................................

e What is he doing? f What is she doing?

....................................................

g What is she doing h And what is she doing

now? now?

....................................................
This page is page 52. The answers are on page 54.

53

a QUESTIONS
b
e
h cd

fg
i jk

l mn o

pr
q

s

tu

v

y

wx

....................................................

A What are these B Which of them go

things? through the air?

C Which of them go D Which of them go

. . o. .n.t.h.e.i.r.f.e.e.t.?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . o. .n.t.h.e. .w. a. t.e.r.?. . . . . . . . .

This page is page 53. The answers are on page 54.

54

Answers to questions on pages 51-53

Page 51 Page 52

a Wall b is thicker. a He is going up the steps.
b Cut b is wider. b She is going down the
c Nail a is longer.
d The man who is on his steps.
c He is putting a nail in
feet is stronger.
e Pencil b is shorter. with a hammer.
f Card b is longer. d He is taking a nail out

Card a is wider. with a hammer.
g Angle c is a right angle. e He is measuring a box.
h The cup, the hammer, f She is putting a thread

and the plate are through the hole in a
broken. needle.
g She is taking the end of
the thread between her
finger and thumb.
h She is putting a button
on with a needle and
thread.

Page 53

A

a a train h trees n a sheep t a bird
o a horse u trousers
b its engine i a star p a cow v a cup
q a dog w a knife
c an airplane j a cloud r a goat x a spoon
s a coat y scissors
d a seat k the sun

e a ship I the moon

f a flower m a pig

g mountains

B Airplanes and birds go through the air.
C Pigs, sheep, horses, cows, dogs, birds, and goats go on

their feet.
D Ships and some birds go on the water.

The earth goes round in ......................................... 55
twenty-four hours.
The earth goes round
the sun in a year.

There are twenty-four There are three hundred
hours in every day. and sixty-five days in a
The sun comes up and year.
goes down every day Three hundred and
because the earth is sixty-five days make
turning round. a year.

.....................................................

There are seven days in a week. Seven days make a week.
Here are the names of the days of the week: Monday,
Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday.
Monday is before Tuesday. Tuesday is after Monday.

There are thirty-one June (30)
or thirty or July (31)
twenty-eight days in August (31)
a month. September (30)
Here are the names of October (31)
the months: November (30)
January (31) December (31).
February (28) January is before
March (31) February ...
April (30) February is after
May (31) January...

56 ................................................................................. In the North, the earth is
cold in the winter.
These are the winter The wind is cold.
months: December, Snow comes down from
January, February. the sky.
These are the summer There are no leaves on
months: June, July, the trees.
August. There is ice over the
These are the spring water.
months: March, April, The days are short.
May.
These are the fall
months: September,
October, November.

.....................................................

In the North, the earth
and the air are warm in
the summer.
There are leaves on the
trees.
The days are long.
There is no ice or snow.

In the spring the leaves
come out on the trees.
Plants come up out of
the earth, and flowers
come out on the plants.

57

In the fall, the leaves ................................................................................. In the spring the days
come down from the get longer.
branches of the trees. Every day is longer than
Fall is the time of the fall the day before it.
of the leaves. In the spring today is
They are coming down. longer than yesterday.
They are falling.
In the fall the days get
shorter.
Every day is shorter than
the day before it.
In the fall tomorrow will
be shorter than today.

.....................................................

This line Fifteen minutes make a
is longer than quarter of
this line. an hour.

The time between three Thirty minutes make half
and four is shorter than an hour.
the time between three
and five. Forty-five minutes make
three-quarters
One hour is a shorter of an hour.
time than two hours.

58 ................................................................................. This is an inch.

Which is shorter—a The distance from A to B
quarter of an hour or half is one inch.
an hour?
Half an inch is a shorter
Which is shorter—the distance than an inch.
minute hand or the hour
hand of a clock?

A quarter Three-quarters
of an inch of an inch

.....................................................

Twelve inches make a Three feet make a yard.
foot. This is a yard measure

This is a foot. There are thirty-six
inches in a yard.
How long is it?
It is ten inches long. These are feet.

They are not twelve
inches long.

Seventeen hundred and ................................................................................. 59
sixty yards (1760) make a
mile. What are this man and
In half a mile there are this girl doing?
eight hundred and They are taking a walk.
eighty yards.
Miles, yards, feet, and
inches are measures
of distance.

.....................................................

In one hour he will go This is a train.
two miles, and she will
go four miles. Trains are quicker than
He is slow. She is quick. horses or men.
She is quicker than he is.
He is slower than she is.

This is an airplane.

Airplanes are quicker than
trains or horses or men.

60

This baby is one year old. ................................................................................. The baby is very young.
How old is he?
This boy is ten He is one year old.
years old. The old man is very old.
How old is he?
He is ninety years old.

This man is thirty
years old.

This old man is
ninety years old.
That is a stick
in his hand.

.....................................................

This box is four inches This room is twenty feet
long and three inches long and sixteen feet
wide and two inches wide and twelve feet
high. high.

How long is it? How high is the room?
It is four inches long. It is twelve feet high.

This is a short ................................................................................. 61
coat. This is a thin book.

This is a longer This is a thicker
coat. book.

This is the This is the thickest
longest coat book of the three.
of the three.

.....................................................

This is a narrow street. This is a dirty face.

This is a wider street. This is a cleaner face.

This is the widest street This is the cleanest face
of the three. of the three.

Which is the narrowest Which is the dirtiest
street of the three? face?

62

Glass is ................................................................................. This man is older
harder than than this boy.
wood
The boy is
Wood is harder than older than
bread. this baby.

Bread is harder than Which of them
butter. is the oldest?
The baby is the
Which is the softest youngest. He is
of these? very young.
Which is the hardest?

.....................................................

This man is This line
stronger than is as long as this line.
this boy.

The boy The two lines are
is not as equal (=).
strong as
the man. This line
is not as long as
He is not as old as this line.
the man.
They are not equal.
The baby is not as old as
the boy or as strong as
the boy.

A train may go one ................................................................................. 63
hundred (100) miles in
an hour. What are some other
sorts of transport?

An airplane may go six Ships are another sort of
hundred (600) miles in transport.
an hour. How far may a quick ship
go in an hour?
Trains and airplanes are A quick ship may go
different sorts of thirty miles in an hour.
transport.

.....................................................

Automobiles and buses Airplanes, trains, ships,
are other sorts of automobiles, buses and
transport. horses and carriages take
us from one place
to another.

64 ................................................................................. Or we may go in a train
or in a ship or in an auto-
We may go on our feet mobile or in an airplane
from one place to or on a horse or in a bus.
another.

When we go on our feet,
we are walking.

.....................................................

Some places are near to Places in Washington are
one another. near to one another.

Some places are far from The distance from one
one another. place to another is not
far.

But some places in the
United States are far
from one another.

65

This is a map of North America.
Mackenzie River

Ottawa New York
Washington
Los Angeles
Mississippi River

Mexico City
.....................................................
.........................................
These are Men and women go
mountains. up mountains.
Mountains are high.

Trains go on railroads.

These are
railroads.

A road

These are roads. A river An island
These are rivers.

66 ................................................................................. The government of
Canada is in Ottawa.
Ottawa, Washington,
Mexico City, New York, The government of the
and Los Angeles are United States is in
towns. Washington.

This is a town.

The government of
Mexico is in Mexico City.

.....................................................

How far is Ottawa from How far is the
Mexico City? mouth of the
The distance from Mackenzie River
Ottawa to Mexico City from the mouth
is about twenty-three of the Mississippi?
hundred miles. The distance is
How far is New York about 3300 miles.
from Los Angeles? The mouth of a river is
The distance between the place where it goes
New York and into the sea.
Los Angeles is about
twenty-five hundred
miles.

This is the earth. We are ................................................................................. 67
seeing it from the north.
This is the earth. We are
seeing it from the south.

There is more land than There is more water than
water on this side of the land on this side.
earth.

.....................................................

This is the Do we ever see the other
moon. side of the moon?
No.

The moon goes round
the earth in a month.

We see the same side of
the moon at all times.
Why?

68 ................................................................................. The moon

We see the same side at The earth
all times because the
moon is turning round. It is going round the
earth and it is turning
round itself.
It keeps the same side to
the earth.

.....................................................

We see the same side of Sometimes we see the
the moon at all times. moon like this.
Sometimes we see it like
this. This part This part
of the of it
One half The moon is
of the other is dark.
moon half is bright.
is dark. bright.
This is a quarter moon.

This is a half moon.

Sometimes we see it like ................................................................................. 69
this.
This is a new moon. And sometimes we see it
like this.
This is a full moon.

This is a new hat. This glass is full.

This is an old hat. This glass is not full.

.....................................................

These are the changes of Change? What is that?
the moon.

Full, Here is a change in the
three-quarters, direction of this line.

half,

a quarter,

new. And here is
another change.
But at all times we see
the same side of the
moon.

70

................................................................................. The potatoes
were hard.

Here are two trains. After a time they were
The man was in this soft.
train. There was a change in
He is going to the other the potatoes.
train.
He is making a change.
He is changing trains.

.....................................................

This water was cold. In the summer
the leaves
are on the
trees.

Now it is boiling.
That is a change.

There was a change in In the fall the leaves
the water. come down off the trees.
That is a change.

71

I took a newspaper and ................................................................................. He took the dollar and
gave a dollar ($1) to he gave
the man.
a quarter (dollar)
and ten cents

and five cents.

This is the money which
he gave to me with the
paper.

.....................................................

The price of the paper That money was my
was sixty cents. I got the change.
paper and forty cents I had a dollar.
from him. After I got the paper I
had the paper and forty
$1.00 – 100 cents cents.
Paper – 160 cents I did not have the dollar.
Paper – 140 cents That was a change.

72

QUESTIONS

a Is the boy nearer to .............................................................................. b Which of these two
the woman than the is farther from the
girl is? tree?

a Is the girl nearer to b Is the boy farther
the boy than to the from the tree than
woman? from the girl?

....................................................

c Which of these two d Is there more land

glasses is full of than water on the

water, the glass to south side of the

the right or the glass earth?

to the left?

....................................................
This page is page 72. The answers are on page 74.

73

QUESTIONS

a Which of these is a .............................................................................. b l got a book. I gave
half moon, which is a ten dollars to the
full moon, which is a man in the bookstore.
quarter moon, and He gave me the
which is a new moon? book and fifty cents.
What was the price
A B CD of the book? How
much was the book?
How much change
did he give me?

....................................................

c How far may a quick d What are some

train go in an hour? different sorts of

How far may you go transport? Which is

on your feet in an hour, the quickest sort of

four miles or forty? transport?

....................................................
The answers are on page 74.

74

Answers to questions on pages 72-73.

Page 72 Page 73

a No, the girl is nearer to a C is a half moon;
the woman. Yes, the B is a full moon;
girl is nearer to the boy D is a quarter moon;
than to the woman. and A is a new moon.

b The girl is farther from b The price of the book
the tree. Yes, the boy is was $9.50. It was $9.50.
farther from the tree He gave me 50 cents
than from the girl. change.

c The glass to the left is c A quick train may go a
full of water. hundred miles in an
hour. I may go four
d No. There is more miles but not forty.
water than land on the
south side of the earth. d Ships, trains, buses, and
airplanes are different
sorts of transport. The
airplane is the quickest
of these.

The distance through ................................................................................. 75
the earth from North to
South is seven thousand How far is the moon
nine hundred (7900) from the earth?
miles. It is two hundred and
forty thousand (240,000)
miles from the earth.

The distance round the How far is the sun from
earth is twenty-four the earth?
thousand nine hundred The distance of the sun
(24,900) miles. from the earth is
ninety-three million
(93,000,000) miles.

.....................................................

What is that in What is the size of the
your hand? sun?
It is a ball. It is 864,000 miles
The ball is small. through from one side to
the other.

What is that in
the sky?
It is the sun.
The sun is great.
The sun is a great ball
of fire.

76 ................................................................................. The moon is near the earth.
The earth is far from the
What is the size of the sun.
moon? New York is near
It is two thousand one Washington.
hundred and sixty (2160) San Francisco is far from
miles through from one Washington.
side to the other.
Is the moon smaller than New York
the earth? Washington
Is the earth smaller than
the sun?
Is the sun greater than
the moon?

San Francisco
.....................................................

Are the stars smaller How far from the earth is
than the sun? the nearest star?
No. Some of the stars are It is over four light-years
much greater than the from the earth.
sun. What is a light-year?
Are they nearer than the It is the distance which
sun? light goes in a year.
No, they are much
farther than the sun.

This is a flame. ................................................................................. 77
It sends out light.
Light goes 186,300 miles
The sun sends out light. in a second.
The light goes out from How far does it go in a
the sun in every year?
direction.
It goes about
6,000,000,000,000 miles
in a year.

.....................................................

A light-year is The nearest star is
6,000,000,000,000 miles. 25,000,000,000,000 miles
from the earth.
The nearest star is over The nearest stars are very
four light-years from the far from us.
earth. Some of the stars are
very much farther.
The farthest stars are
thousands of light-years
from us.

78 ................................................................................. Up and down are two
other directions.
The sun sends its light
out in every direction. Up

North

North East

West East

South West South
These are four directions. Down

.....................................................

This boy has six apples in He sent one apple north,
his hands. another apple south,
He is on a branch another east, and
of a tree. another west.

He will send the six apples He sent another apple
in different down.
directions. He sent five apples in
five directions.

He sent the last apple up. ................................................................................. 79
But then it came down.
Why did it come down? The first apple went
north and then it came
down. The other apples
went south and east and
west and then they all
came down to the earth.

They all came down to
the earth?
Why did they come
down?

.....................................................

The first apple... Here are three dogs.
The last apple... Which is the first dog?
What is “the first”...? Which is the last dog?
What is “the last”...? The other dog is the dog
in the middle.
These men are in a line. He is between the first
This is the first man. dog and the last dog.
Two of the dogs are
This is the last man. white.
The other dog is black.
The dog in the middle
is black.

80 ................................................................................. It is coming down
because there is an
Here are two bodies. attraction between the
One is a great body. two bodies.
It is the earth. The attraction between
The other is a small body. them makes the apple
It is an apple. come down.
The apple is coming
down to the earth.
Why?

.....................................................

All bodies which have Here are two men.
weight have an attrac-
tion for one another.

Here are two bodies. This man This man
These are springs. is thin. is fat.

Which body has the His body His body
greater weight? is thin. is fat.

Which man’s weight is
greater?

This is a scale. ................................................................................. 81

A scale is an instrument Which man’s weight is
for measuring weight. greater?
They are on the scale.

The weight of
the thin man is
100 pounds.

The weight of
the fat man is
200 pounds.

.....................................................

Clocks are instruments This is an
for measuring time. instrument for
measuring heat.

This is a watch. A yard measure
is an instrument
for measuring
distance.

Watches and clocks are Inches, feet, yards,
instruments for metres, and miles are
measuring time. measures of distance.

82 ......................................... If the bodies go farther
from one another the
All bodies have an attraction gets smaller.
attraction for one
another.

If the bodies are great Distance Attraction
the attraction between 1 1
them is great. 2 1/4
3 1/9
If the bodies are small 4
the attraction is small. 5 1/16
1/25

.....................................................

Here is a light.

Here is a square.

It sends out light in
every direction.

I put the square at different distances from the light.
At distance 1, it gets all the light which is going out
between the lines. At distance 2, it gets one-fourth of
the light. At distance 5, it gets one twenty-fifth. It is the
same with the attraction between bodies.

What keeps the moon up ................................................................................. 83
in the sky?
Why does not the moon The moon is a great
come down? body.
Its weight is great.
The earth is a great body.
Its weight is eighty-one
times the weight of the
moon.
Two times three is six.
2X3=6

.....................................................

The moon and the earth Because they are great
are not very far from one bodies and near one
another. another, the attraction
The distance between between the moon and
them is about two the earth is very great.
hundred and thirty-nine Why does the moon not
thousand (239,000) come down to the earth?
miles. That is a question.

84 ................................................................................. This is a cord in my hand.
The cord has a weight at
The answer is:“Because its end.
it is going round the
earth.”

The moon

The earth The weight is hanging
down on the cord
which is in my hand.

.....................................................

I make the weight go Now I let the end of the
round on the cord. cord in my hand go.

I keep the end of the The weight goes off in a
cord in my hand. straight line. It takes the
cord with it.

The pull of the cord ................................................................................. 85
in my hand kept the
weight from going off The attraction between
in a straight line. the earth and the moon
keeps the moon from
going off in a straight
line.

.....................................................
The moon goes round
and round the earth…
month after month

It does not get farther
from the earth,

or nearer to the earth.

It keeps about the same
distance from the earth.

86 ................................................................................. He is under an apple
tree.
Here is Sir Isaac Newton,
the great man of science. It is the year 1666.
Newton had a great
mind. Those are apples which
are over his head.

The seat has three legs.

.....................................................

Here is an apple which The apple came off the
was over his head. The branch. It came down.
apple was on a branch
of the tree.

It came down on
Newton’s head.

That is the story. ................................................................................. 87
The story may be true or
it may not be true. True?
2 + 2 = 4. That is true.
But that is the story. It 2 + 2 = 5. That is not true.
comes from the great It is a false statement.
writer, Voltaire. “Apples are fruit.”
That statement is true.
“Apples are animals.”
That statement is false.
False = not true
Short = not long
Shut = not open

.....................................................

In this story the fall of The blow which the
the apple on Newton’s apple gave to Newton’s
head was the cause of head gave an idea to
the idea. Newton.
It made a question come
into Newton’s mind.

This was the question:
“Have the fall of the
apple and the motion of
the moon the same
cause?”

88 .................................................................................

Here is a ball. It is
hanging on a cord.

I will give a blow to the I gave the blow. Now the
ball with this stick. ball is in motion. What
was the cause of the
motion? The blow of the
stick was the cause of
the motion.

.....................................................

The ball was not in
motion before the blow.
It was at rest. It was
hanging on the end of
the cord.

The blow was the cause After the blow the ball
of the motion. was in motion.
The motion came from
the blow.
The motion was the
effect of the blow.

89

Which of the statements on this page are true and which
are false? Put a T before the true statements and an F
before the false.

a 1. The earth is in 3. When two great
motion. bodies are near
one another the
2. The earth is turning attraction between
round. them is small.

3. The earth goes d 1. When a blow puts a
round the moon. ball in motion, the
blow is the cause of
b 1. The moon is greater the motion.
than the sun.
2. When a blow puts a
2. The sun is colder ball in motion, the
than the moon. motion is the effect
of the blow.
3. The moon goes
round the earth. 3. When a body is in
motion it is at rest.
c 1. The attraction
between two
bodies gets greater
as they go farther
from one another.

2. The attraction
between two
bodies is greater
when they are
nearer.

....................................................
The answers are on page 92.

90

QUESTIONS

Milk comes from a cow. Heat comes from the sun, or a
fire. Where do these things come from?

a potatoes d letters g oranges
b cheese e flowers h meat
c light f snow i eggs

Which of these things have a face?

a man an icebox a goat a river
a dog a clock a bird a table
a bone a tree an airplane

Which of them have a mouth?
Which of them have hands?
Which of them have a door?

....................................................
The answers are on page 92.

91

QUESTIONS

a We put a bottle on a c We put money in our
shelf. pockets.
Which of these things Which of these things
may we put on a shelf: may we put in our
a book, a mountain, pockets:
a cup, a box, a star, pipes, education,
a clock, a horse, letters, pencils, offices,
a distance, a plate, islands, maps, hands,
a bus, a river, a house, governments, buttons,
a spoon, a garden? watches, distance,
balls, roofs, knives?
b We put potatoes in
a pot. d We put our hats on.
Which of these things Which of these things
may we put in a pot: may we put on:
water, windows, food, feet, boots, seats,
streets, tables, milk, gloves, shirts, walls,
soup, trains, salt, colors, directions, coats,
eggs, wood, ideas? buildings, soap,
scissors, collars, locks,
socks, trousers,
branches, trays, shoes,
apples?

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The answers are on page 92.