learning-English-Through-Pictures-Book-2-Workbook

92

Answers to questions on pages 89-91.

Page 89 b 1. F c 1. F d 1. T
2. F 2. T 2. T
a 1. T 3. T 3. F 3. F
2. T
3. F

Page 90 f from the sky or clouds
g from orange trees
a from the roots of a h from animals
plant i from birds

b from milk
c from the sun or flames
d from persons
e from plants or from

seeds

A man, a dog, a clock, a goat, a bird may have a face.
A man, a dog, a goat, a bird, a river may have a mouth.
A man and a clock may have hands.
An icebox and an airplane may have a door.

Page 91 c pipes, letters, pencils,
maps, hands, buttons,
a a book, a cup, a box, a watches, baits, knives.
clock, a plate, a spoon.
d boots, gloves, shirts,
b water, food, milk, soup, coats, collars, socks,
salt, eggs. trousers, shoes.

93

What is this? .................................................................................

The man has an umbrella Because it is raining.

in his hand. Water is coming down

It is open. from the sky.

He has it over his head. The water is rain.

Why? Rain is coming down.

Rain is falling.

It is raining.

.....................................................

The rain made the man Today there are dark
put up his umbrella. clouds in the sky.
That was the effect of They come between us
the rain. and the sun.
Today is Monday. The dark clouds keep the
Yesterday (Sunday) light of the sun from us.
the sun was bright.
There were no clouds in
the sky.

94 ................................................................................. The rain comes down
from the clouds on us.
The rain comes down It comes down on our
from the clouds on me. heads.
It comes down on my
head.

.....................................................

Why is it raining today? Today the weather is
Yesterday the weather bad.
was good. The rain is coming down.
The sun was bright. The wind is blowing.
The air was warm. It is cold and the rain
makes us wet.

95

Tomorrow the weather may be worse.
It may be very cold.
All the water may be ice.
Snow may be coming down making everything white.
Will tomorrow be like this?
Is this winter or summer?

.....................................................
Or tomorrow the weather may be better.
The sun may be bright again.
The air may be warm again and the streets
may be dry again.
Will tomorrow be like this?

96 ................................................................................. This bird
was wet.
What are the causes of It was in
these changes in the the rain.
weather? Change? What
is that? (See page 70.)

Here is Now it is dry.
a line.

Here is a change in the That is a
direction of the line. change.
It was wet.
It is dry.

.....................................................

What is the cause of There is not one cause
these changes in the only.
weather? There are numbers of
causes.
Good Bad Changes in the heat
which comes to us
Dry Wet from the sun
are one cause
Warm Cold of changes of
weather.
Weather

Why are there these
changes of weather?

The amount of heat ................................................................................. 97
which the earth gets
from the sun is different If you take a look at the
from time to time. sun through a bit of dark
There are changes in glass you may see small
the sun. marks on the face of
the sun.

.....................................................

Amount? One dollar is a There is a great amount
small amount of money. of water in the sea.
A million dollars is a This is the sea.
great amount of money. Those are ships which
are on the sea.
A drop of rain
is a very small
amount of water.

There is a small
amount of water
in this glass.

98 ................................................................................. He made it by measuring
the heat which comes to
Changes in the heat the earth every day from
which comes to the the sun.
earth from the sun are The amount of heat is
one cause of changes in different from day to day.
the weather.
This discovery is new.
A man of science made
the discovery in 1944.

.....................................................

On some days the sun We are making new
sends more heat to the discoveries every day.
earth. On other days it Columbus made the
sends less heat to the discovery of America in
earth. 1492.
Columbus came to
America in his ship in
1492.

There is more water in
this glass than in that.

More Less

99

What were some other ................................................................................. Another great discovery
great discoveries? was the wheel.
One of them was fire.
Wheels are
Smoke round.

They go
round.

Fire is of very great use A cart
to us. It gives us heat.
They are of very great
use to us.

.....................................................

Another great discovery The making of cloth was
was clothing. a great discovery. This is
how we make cloth.

What are these?
These are some other
sorts of clothing.

A skirt A shirt These are threads. (See
page 47.)
They go across from
one side to the other of
a frame.

100 ................................................................................. This is cloth.
These are other threads.

They go across the first This is a roll of cloth.
threads. We make clothing of
cloth. We make cloth
of threads.

They go under and over
them.

.....................................................

We make threads from Wool is the thick warm
wool and cotton and silk. hair of sheep.
We take the wool off
the sheep’s back with
scissors.

We get wool from sheep.

We make threads from ................................................................................. 101
the wool by twisting the We get cotton from the
hairs round and round. cotton plant.

That wheel is going Cotton is the soft white
round. hair round the seeds of
It is giving a twist the plant.
to the thread.
It is twisting the
thread.

.....................................................

These are different sorts We get silk from the
of seeds. silkworm.

Plants come up from This worm makes a soft
seeds which come from strong thread of silk and
other plants of the same puts it round itself like
sort. a coat.

102 ................................................................................. When the weather is
cold we put on thick
Wool, cotton, and silk are warm wool clothing.
different sorts of cloth. When the weather is
We make clothing of all warm we put on thin
these sorts of cloth. cotton clothing. Cotton
clothing is not as warm
as wool clothing.

.....................................................

Thick clothing keeps us A thick roof keeps the
warm. heat of the house in.
It keeps us warmer than A thin roof lets the heat
thin clothing. go through it.
Thick cloth keeps air in it,
between the threads.
The air does not let heat
go through it.

A thick roof keeps the
heat of the sun out.

Here is a pencil. ................................................................................. 103
It is straight.
It is not bent. I put the pencil in the
water.

Here is a glass of water.

The pencil seems bent
where it goes into the
water.

.....................................................

The pencil is straight but It seems like this.
it seems bent.

But it is like this.

It is straight, not bent. It
seems bent, not straight.

104 ................................................................................. After I put it in
the water it
Before I put the pencil seemed bent.
in the water it seemed It wasn’t bent.
straight.
It was straight. When it is in the water it
seems bent.

When it is out of the
water we see that it is
straight.

.....................................................

Why did it seem bent
when it was in the
water?

This is a light. Here is a bit of glass.
A light sends out light. A ray of light is going
The light which it sends through the glass.
out goes in straight lines.

Where the light goes ................................................................................. 105
into the glass, it is bent. Here is your eye.

It is bent again where it You are looking at the
comes out of the glass pencil in the glass of
into the air. water.

.....................................................

The light from the pencil The pencil is not bent.
is bent where it comes But the light from it
out of the water into the is bent.
air.

It is bent here.

106

The light ......................................... The part of the pencil
comes from which is under the water
here. seems to be where it
is not.
But it seems to come
from here.

.....................................................

The light from the Here is your eye.
pencil is bent here.

It comes out of The light is bent
the water here. where it comes out
of the water.
The point of the
pencil seems to
be here.

It is here.

This is a looking glass. ................................................................................. 107

She is looking at herself
in the glass.
What does she see in the
looking glass?
She sees herself in the
glass.

What do you see in the
looking glass?
I see a girl’s face in the
glass.

.....................................................

She seems to be here. Why? Because the glass
sends the light back.
She is
here.

She is on this side of There seem to be two
the glass. girls in this picture.
She seems to be on the There is only one.
other side of the glass.

108 ................................................................................. What is this woman
doing?
What is this man doing?
He is working with a
spade. That is his work.

She is working with her
needle. That is her work.

.....................................................

What is this man doing? These are shoes.
He is making shoes. He is
a shoemaker. That is his
work.

These are boots.

He makes boots and
shoes. That is his work.

What is this man doing? ................................................................................. 109
He is putting paint on This is his paint.
the door.
He is painting the door. This is his brush.
He is a painter.
That is his work.

He puts the paint on
with his paint brush.

.....................................................
This is a bank.

This is addition.

The boy is doing This is a check.
addition.
That is his work.

110 ................................................................................. This is an account.

We keep money in
banks.
Banking is an important
sort of business.
Men and women in
banks and business
houses keep accounts.

Keeping accounts is
an important part of
business.

.....................................................

Keeping accounts is one Farming is another sort
sort of work. of work.

These are account books.

This is a farm.

111

This is a cart. ................................................................................. This is a field.

This is a plow. The farmer is plowing
the field. That is part of
The plow is turning up his work as a farmer.
the earth.

.....................................................

The farmer has an The account says how
account with his bank. much money he has in
He puts his money in the bank.
the bank. Farming and keeping
He keeps money in accounts are two
the bank. different sorts of work.
He gets money from
the bank.

112 ................................................................................. What sort of work is this
woman doing?
What sort of work is this She is washing stockings
man doing? and dresses.
He is cutting wood.

.....................................................

What sort of work does What sort of work does
this man do? this woman do?
He keeps a store. She keeps a house.

It is a fruit store. It is her house.
He is a storekeeper. She is a housekeeper.

Put your fingers across ................................................................................. 113
one another like this.
Across?
These two lines
go across one another.

My second finger is
over and across my
first finger.

I have my first and These are
second fingers across finger nails.
one another.

.....................................................

Did you put your fingers Now take a pencil and
across one another? give a touch to one
That is right. finger, and then a touch
You have your fingers to the other and then
across one another. put the pencil between
them. Do this with your
eyes shut.

114 ................................................................................. Do you have the strange
feeling that two pencils
You will have a strange are there?
feeling. When you are touching
Are two pencils touching one finger only, you
your fingers, or is only seem to be touching
one pencil touching the other?
them?

.....................................................

Why is that? Here is
the answer.

When the fingers are like But when they are across
this, or like this, they do one another they do not
their work together. do their work together.
Then a touch to one
sometimes seems to be a
touch to the other.

What is their work? ................................................................................. 115
What do the ends of our
fingers do? Those fingers are
Their chief work touching the cover of
is touching. a book.
Touching gives us
knowledge.
When our eyes are shut,

.....................................................

or when we are looking or when we are not
in another direction, able to see, we get
(She is touching knowledge through
the book) touching and feeling
with our fingers.

116 ................................................................................. That is a Braille book
which he has before him.
The chief work of the He is reading the book
ends of our fingers is with the ends of his
touching. fingers.
Here is a man who is not
able to see.

.....................................................

Braille letters and words This other man is reading
are like this. He is touch- with his eyes.
ing them with the ends He is not reading with
of his fingers. his fingers.

What are those things on
his nose?
They are his glasses.

What is the work of ................................................................................. 117
the eyes?
What is the work of
the legs?

Seeing. Their work Walking. Walking is
is seeing. their chief work.

What is the work of the What is the work of the
ears? mouth?

Hearing. Their work
is hearing.

.....................................................

Is talking or taking in What is the work of
food the chief work of the hands?
the mouth? Taking things up, putting
them down, getting
I say this. This is things, giving things,
talk. making things.
We do things with
our hands.

118

QUESTIONS

a Is there more water in g Where does smoke
the sea than in a river? come from? Where
does steam come
b Give the names of from?
three great discoveries.
h Where do we get
c What is wool? wood from?
What is cotton?
Where do we get silk
from?

d Why is thick clothing
warmer than thin
clothing?

e What is the chief work
of the eyes, the ears,
the mouth, and the
fingers?

f What sorts of transport
go on wheels?

....................................................
The answers are on page 120.

119..............................................................................
WHAT ARE THESE THINGS?
ab

....................................................
cd

....................................................
ef

....................................................
gh

....................................................
ij

....................................................
This page is page 119. The answers are on page 120.

120

Answers to questions on pages 118-119.

Page 118 Page 119

a There is more water in a a cart
the sea than in a river. b a plow
c a boot
b Fire, the wheel, and d a looking-glass
clothing were three e a skirt and a shirt
great discoveries. f a wheel
g a fire
c Wool is the hair of h a spade
sheep. i a roll of cloth
Cotton is the hair j an umbrella
round the seeds of the
cotton plant. We get
silk from the silkworm.

d Because thick clothing
keeps heat from going
through it.

e The chief work of the
eyes is seeing, of
the ears is hearing,
of the mouth is taking
in food, and of the
fingers is touching.

f Carts, automobiles, and
trains go on wheels.

g Smoke comes from
fire.
Steam comes from
boiling water.

h We get wood from
trees.

121

Seeing and hearing and ................................................................................. Another sense is taste.
touch are three of
our senses. This is a
We get knowledge man’s tongue
through our eyes (see-
ing), through our ears These are
(hearing), and through his lips.
our fingers (touching). This is
These are three of our his chin.
chief senses.
The chief work of the
tongue is tasting.

.....................................................

Here is some white She is tasting
powder on a plate. the powder.
It may be salt or it may She has some of it on
be sugar. Which is it— her finger.
salt or sugar? She is putting some
of the powder
on her tongue.
She is tasting it.

122 ................................................................................. We get salt from
salt mines.
We get salt from the sea. Some mines are deep.
The water in the sea has They go far down into
salt in it. the earth.

.....................................................

We get sugar We get sugar from
from plants. the roots of
We get it from the stems some plants.
of some plants.

The salt or sugar which
we put in our food is a
white powder.

The taste of sugar ................................................................................. 123
is sweet. This is an orange.

This is a cake. This is its skin.

It has white sugar on Some oranges are sweet.
the top. But the taste of their skin
Cakes with sugar on is bitter.
them are very sweet.

.....................................................

Salt has a salt taste. But to the tongue they
Sugar has a sweet taste. are very different.
To the eye salt and sugar
seem the same.

Their taste is Salt
very different.

Sugar

124 ................................................................................. Some flowers have a
sweet smell.
What is the work of Some flowers have
the nose? no smell.
What do we do with
our noses? This is grass.
She has a flower in These flowers are in
her hand. a garden.
She is smelling They have a sweet smell.
the flower.

.....................................................

These are pigs. This is smoke.
Some pigs are dirty.
Some pigs are clean. This is
(See page 5.) a fire.
The smell of dirty pigs is
not sweet. Some smoke has a
It is a bad smell. good smell.
The smell may not be
sweet, but it may be a
good smell.
He is smoking a pipe.
Is the smell of the
smoke good?

We see things with our ................................................................................. 125

eyes and we see What is the color
of grass and
their colors. leaves in
spring?
Here are some names Grass and
leaves in spring
of colors: are green.
What is the color of this
green red girl’s lips?
Her lips are red.
blue yellow

white gray

.....................................................

The sky is blue. The sun is yellow.

It is blue when it is clear. Sometimes when it is
The color of some clouds going down
is white. or coming up it is red.
Other clouds are gray.
This flame
is yellow.

126 ................................................................................. This man is tall.
This man is short.
We see things with
our eyes. This is a tall woman.
We see the sizes and
colors of things.
Sometimes things seem
to our eyes greater or
smaller than they are.
They are not what
they seem.

This is a short
woman.

.....................................................

Here are two men. Which of them seems
Do they seem the same taller?
size? Does the man who is
farther seem taller than
the man who is nearer?
The pictures of them are
the same size.
The lines in the picture
make the man who is
nearer seem shorter.

Seeing, hearing, touch, ................................................................................. 127
taste, and smell are “the
five senses.” Our sense of how warm
But we have more than or how cold things are is
five senses. another.
Which are some of the Here is some cold water
other senses? with ice in it.
It is very cold.

.....................................................

Here is some water in Here are three basins.
a kettle. The basin to the right
The water is boiling. has very warm water
Steam is coming out of in it.
the kettle. The basin to the left has
cold water in it.
The basin in the middle
has water which is not
cold and not warm in it.

Very Very
cold warm

128 ................................................................................. Now I am putting them
together into the middle
I put my hands in the basin where the water is
basins at the sides. not cold and not warm.
One of my hands is in
the cold water; the other
is in the warm water.
I keep them there for
a time.

.....................................................

What is this? Why is this?
This water seems warm It is because one hand
to one hand and it seems was in warm water and
cold to the other! the other in cold water
It is the same water. before I put them in this
But it seems cold and middle basin.
warm at the same time!

Another sense is our ................................................................................. 129
sense of motion. Here is
a seat which goes round A man is in the seat. He is
and round. going round and round...

.....................................................

At first he has a feeling After a time the man has
that he is in motion. a feeling that he is not
He has the feeling that in motion.
he is going round. But there is no change in
The seat, with the man in the rate at which the
it, keeps on turning seat is turning.
round at the same rate. It is going round the
It does not go quicker. same number of times
It does not go slower. a minute.

130 ................................................................................. He is like all the men
and women on the
After a time, if the rate earth. We are all turning
of turning is the same, round all the time with
the man seems to the earth, but we seem
himself to be at rest to ourselves to be at rest.
(not in motion).

.....................................................

We have no feeling that Here are three boys and
we are in motion. a dog.
This is because the rate Two of the boys are
of turning is the same. taking a rest.
The man is in motion. They are resting on
He seems to himself to their beds.
be at rest. The other boy and the
dog are in motion.

Now, put a stop to the ................................................................................. 131
motion of the seat.
When you do that the But he has a feeling
seat is at rest. that he is turning round
The man is not and round.
in motion. This is a picture of
his feelings.

.....................................................

He is not turning round. It is because change in
But he seems to himself our motion is the cause
to be turning round. of our feelings of motion.
And everything round Through our sense
him seems to be of motion we get
turning round. knowledge of changes
Why is this? in the rate and direction
of our motion.

132 ................................................................................. He is putting the cover
What is he doing? on a box.
He is hammering. He is nailing down the
cover of the box.
This is his The cover is on the top
hammer. of the box.

These are
nails of
different sizes.

.....................................................

The blows of the “Mary has her hands over
hammer make a noise. her ears.
He is making a very “What a noise!” She is
loud noise. saying,“What a noise
you are making.”

133

Some noises are loud. ................................................................................. What is this?
These are guns. It is a whistle.
It is a steam
Guns make loud noises. whistle.
Those guns make more It is making a
noise than this gun. loud noise.

This boy has a
pocket whistle.

He is making
some noise
with it but
not much
noise.

.....................................................

This is music. This is a very high
mountain.

This is a song. These are high
These are mountains.
notes.
This is a high
This is a high note. building.
This is a low note. It is a church.

This is a low
building.

134 ................................................................................. These are waves in
a cord.
Noises and songs One end of the cord is
are sounds. fixed to a tree and the
What are sounds? boy has the other end.
They are the effects of He is shaking it up
waves in the air. and down.

These
are waves in the sea.

.....................................................

As the wave goes down
the cord this part, which
was up,

With every shake he goes down.
sends a wave down the And this part,
cord to the tree. which was down,
goes up.

These are waves in ................................................................................. 135
the air.
They come to our ears. Here is a brain.
They have effects in our The part of the brain
ears and brains. which does the most
Those effects are sounds. work in hearing has the
word HEARING on it.

.....................................................

“The most”? Some
Some things have water animals
in them. have brains:
a horse has
This cup has some brains;
some water in it. a monkey has
more brains;
This bucket and a person
has more has the most
water in it. brains of the
three.
The sea has
the most
water in it.

136 ................................................................................. I have less money than
he has.
I have two dollars. I have less than you have.
You have twenty dollars. I have the least money.
He has a thousand
dollars. The most $1000
He has more money than
we have. More $20 less
You have more than
I have.
He has the most money.

$2 The
least

.....................................................

This is the Farming is an important
highest note. sort of work.

This is a
lower note,

but it is Is it more important than
higher than banking?
this note.

Which is the lowest note
of the three?

................................................................................. 137

This plate has some salt
on it.

This plate has more salt
on it.

This mine This plate has the most
is deep. salt on it.

This mine is deeper.

This mine is the deepest It has more salt on it
of the three. than the other plates.

.....................................................

This is a This is a bad fire.
good book.

These are This is a worse fire.
two other
good books.

This is the worst fire of
the three.

One of them is better
than the others. It is the
best book of the three.

138 ................................................................................. Whenever she sees a
looking glass she goes
She is looking at herself to it and takes a look
in a looking glass. at herself.
Again and again, every
day, she takes a look at
herself in a glass.

Why?

.....................................................

Because looking at Looking at himself in
herself in the glass gives the glass gives him
her pleasure. no pleasure.
She is beautiful. It gives him pain. Why?
She sees that she He sees himself.
is beautiful. Is he beautiful?

139

“Pleasure?”What is that? ................................................................................. Here is a nail.
“Pain?”What is that?

“Put your finger You put your
in the flame. finger nail
No, I will not. over this
Why not? nail, and I
Because of the pain. will give it
a blow with
this hammer.

.....................................................

No, you will not. “That is pain.
I see what pain is now. Pleasure is the opposite
I see what the sense of of pain.
the word “pain” is now. “Opposite?” Good is the
This is another use of opposite of bad.
the word “sense.”

140 ................................................................................. Bad weather.
The wind is blowing.
Good weather. The rain is falling.
The day is bright. It is cold. It is wet.
The air is warm. They are unhappy.
The sky is blue.
They are happy.

.....................................................

Bright is the opposite of White is the opposite
dark. of black.

Warm is the opposite of
cold.

What is the opposite
of dry? (See page 8.)
What is the opposite
of happy?

Which of these is ................................................................................. 141
a high building?
What is the other? What is the opposite
of narrow?
Is this street narrow?

.....................................................

Up TO
is the FROM FROM

opposite TO TO
of down.
FROM FROM
In is the opposite of out. TO

IN To is the opposite
of from.
OUT

Pleasure is the opposite
OUT of pain.

OUT IN OUT