Table of Contents 1. Background Page 2 2. Impact of Government Policies: Increase in Ethanol Blending Page 2 3. Existing & Upcoming Ethanol Production Capacity in India Page 3 4. Distributed Production of Ethanol by 2025 Page 4 5. Statistics of maize production Page 5 6. Objectives of the Seminar Page 6 7. Structure of the Seminar Page 7 a. Session I: Collaborative Strategy for Higher Maize Production Page 8 b. Session II: Recovery of Ethanol and Bye Products from Maize Page 11 c. Session III: Improvement in DDGS quality and Marketability of DDGS as Animal Feed Page 13 d. Session IV: Costing & Pricing of Ethanol from Maize Page 15 e. Concluding Session Page 19 8. Salient Strategic Outcome/Action Points Evolved during Seminar Page 20
Background 1. Government of India has been implementing Ethanol Blended Petrol (EBP) Programme throughout the country wherein Oil Marketing Companies (OMCs) sell blended petrol. Under EBP Programme, Government has fixed the target of 20% blending of ethanol with petrol by 2025. The target of 10% blending of ethanol with petrol in Ethanol Supply Year (ESY) (Dec-Nov) has been achieved successfully. Benefits from 20% Ethanol blending INCOME OF FARMERS: Timely payment to cane farmers Benefit for Maize & Paddy farmers Addresses surplus grain problem About 165 lakh tons of grains will be utilized DOMESTIC SUGAR INDUSTRY: 60 lakh tons of surplus sugar to be diverted every year Product Diversification Revenue of more than ₹ 77000 crore from sale of ethanol to OMC’s NEW INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES Rs. 41,000 crore investment New industries in rural areas Job creation in villages ATMANIRBHAR BHARAT: REDUCES CRUDE OIL IMPORT BILL Substitution of about 80 lakh metric tons oil Saves foreign exchange of about ₹ 41,000 crore Improves Air Quality Reduces Carbon Monoxide emission by 30-50% & Hydrocarbon by 20% 2. The National Bio-fuel Policy, 2018 allows production of ethanol from sugarcane juice, sugar containing materials like sugar beet, sweet sorghum, starch containing material like corn, cassava, damaged food-grains like wheat, broken rice, rotten potatoes (unfit for human consumption). Besides, the policy also allows use of surplus food-grains for production of ethanol under Ethanol
blended with petrol (EBP) Programme with the approval of National Bio-fuel Coordination Committee (NBCC) which has allowed the production of ethanol from rice available with FCI and from maize for blending with petrol under EBP programme. 3. In India, distilleries generally produce ethanol from molasses which is the byproduct of sugar. However, only sugarcane route is not sufficient to achieve the 20% blending target, therefore, ethanol from food-grains such as maize, damaged food grains (DFG) and rice available with FCI has also been allowed. To achieve the target of 20% ethanol blending with petrol by 2025, about 1016 crore liters of ethanol would be required and about 334 crore liters of ethanol would be required for other uses. For this, about 1700 crore liters of ethanol producing capacity would be required.
4. To achieve the target of 20% ethanol blending, the requirement of foodgrains for ethanol production would be around 165 Lakh Metric Tons (LMT). Globally, maize is a primary feedstock for production of ethanol as it consumes less water and is economical, however, in India, the use of maize as a feedstock for ethanol production is yet to gain momentum. Currently, grain based distilleries are producing ethanol from food-grains by using either Damaged Food Grains (DFG) like broken rice or using FCI rice, there is hardly any production of ethanol from maize by grain based distilleries in India. Use of multiple feedstocks for ethanol production will ensure feedstock security thereby not putting any stress on the availability of any single feedstock.
5. The production of maize in the country is about 336 LMT in 2021-22 against the annual consumption requirement of 250-270 Lakh MT leaving a surplus of about 90 LMT. Due to low demand of maize, farmers are not getting appropriate price for their produce. Production of ethanol from maize will increase the demand of maize and therefore will fetch a better price to farmers. At present, due to export demand, maize prices are high but generally, market price of maize remain below MSP leading to low cultivation area for the crop. Use of maize for ethanol production would assure better prices and consistent demand for maize leading to more cultivation of the crop which is lesser water consuming crop as compared to paddy. Further, distilleries too shall be assured about the availability of feedstock in the market which will not only create win-win situation for both distillers and farmers but also would be of great help in conservation of water and environment.
Aligning the objective of Atamnirbhar Bharat in meeting fuel energy needs of the country under Ethanol Blended with Petrol (EBP) Programme, with the Central Government’s aim to further interest of maize farmers of the country, Department of Food & Public Distribution organized ‘National Seminar on Maize to Ethanol’ on 2nd May 2023 at Vanijya Bhawan, New Delhi. The initiative was well supported by the Research Institutes (Indian Institute of Maize Research, Ludhiana & National Sugar Institute, Kanpur) as well as all other stakeholders including the Oil marketing companies (BPCL/HPCL/IOC) and industry associations such as All India Distillers Associations (AIDA) & Indian Sugar Manufacturers Association (ISMA). It was attended by over 150 delegates from the Ministry of Agriculture, Food, Petroleum and Animal Husbandry along with distilleries, equipment suppliers and researchers. Objectives of the Seminar: To bring all stakeholders of Maize and Ethanol industry at one platform and discuss the strategy and priorities for promoting maize as primary grain based feedstock for ethanol production To build Maize as a viable alternative Feedstock for the production of Ethanol • Understand the current status of maize production and its usage • Build a model to increase maize production in collaboration with all the key stakeholders such as IIMR, Agriculture Ministry, State departments and Grain Ethanol Manufacturing Units Identify sustainability factors • Recovery of Ethanol from Maize & Bye Products • Marketability of key By Product DDGS • Ethanol Pricing Model
Structure of the Seminar: The seminar was divided into 4 sessions as under: 1. Collaborative Strategy For Higher Maize Production a. Moderators – Shri Subodh K Singh, AS (DFPD) & Dr P K Singh, Agriculture Commissioner (DoA&FW) b. Panelists – Dr HS Jat (Director IIMR, Ludhiana), Mr R L Tamak (CEO, DCM Shriram Ltd) & Mr Amit Sachdev (Regional Consultant, South Asia US Grain Council) 2. Recovery Of Ethanol and Bye Products from Maize a. Moderator – ProfNarender Mohan (Director NSI, Kanpur) b. Panelists - Dr HS Jat (Director IIMR), Mr Mahesh Kukarni (AVP, Praj Industries) & Mr Sanjay Desai (CMD, ReGreen Excel EPC India Pvt Ltd) 3. Improvement in DDGS quality and Marketability of DDGS as Animal Feed a. Moderator – Shri O P Choudhury – JS (Dept of Animal Husbandry) b. Panelists – Mr Suresh Deora (President CLFMA) Dr Dinesh Bhosale (Regional Director, AB Vista) & Dr AnupKalra (Director, Dabur Ayurvet) 4. Costing & Pricing of Ethanol from maize a. Moderators: Shri Subodh Kumar Singh, AS (DFPD) & Shri Sunil Kumar, JS (MOPNG) b. Panelists: Shri PS Ravi, ED (BPCL), Shri Shridhar Goud, ED (HPCL),Shri Sanjay Parashar, ED (IOCL), Shri Praveen Gupta (Director, BalrampurChinni)& Shri ShekharSwarup (VP, AIDA)
5. There were a concluding session chaired by Shri Piyush Goyal, Hon’ble Minister for Commerce & Industry, Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution and Textiles. In addition, Secretary, Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Secretary, Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas, and Secretary, Department of Food & Public Distribution attended this session in which major points of deliberations and highlighted were given by Shri Subodh Kumar Singh, Additional Secretary (DFPD). Session wise details of the deliberations held during the Seminar are given below: Session I: Collaborative Strategy for Higher Maize Production This session had focussed discussion on deliberating on the strategy involving all stakeholders to increase maize production with assured procurement from farmers and sufficient surplus for ethanol production. During the session, it was highlighted that maize/corn is the third highest Cereal crop after rice and wheat. During FY 22/23, about 340 LMT maize is expected to be produced in India with cultivation in about 10 million Hectares with average yield of about 3.4 tonnes/hectare. Major maize producing States are Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh etc. Glimpses on Maize Crop • Maize is the third most important cereal crop after rice and wheat. • Area, Production and Yield (APY) & MSP of Maize: 2 MSP (Rs/Qtl) Yield (Kg/ha) Production (Million Tonnes) Area (Lakh Ha) Year 1950-51 31.60 1.73 547 - 2014-15 91.85 24.17 2632 1310 2015-16 88.06 22.56 2563 1325 2016-17 96.33 25.90 2689 1365 2017-18 93.80 28.75 3065 1425 2018-19 91.32 27.71 3035 1700 2019-20 95.69 28.77 3006 1760 2020-21 98.92 31.65 3199 1850 2021-22 99.58 33.73 3387 1870 2022-23# 100.75 34.61 3435 1962 #2nd Advance Estimates
On demand side, following is the consumption pattern of maize in the country: • Poultry and Livestock Feed -60 % • Livestock -13 % • Industrial & Starch -14 % • Human Food – 13 % • Exports 6 % and Processed food 7 % Department of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare (DAFW) has already initiated process for promotion of maize under following schemes: • National Food Security Mission (NFSM) • Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojna (RKVY) • Crop Diversification Programme (CDP) A Committee has also been constituted under Chairmanship of Additional Secretary (Agri) to plan and monitor promotion of maize production for ethanol production. The Committee has already conducted its first meeting in April 2023. DFPD has already shared with Indian Institute of Maize Research (IIMR), Ludhiana, the list of 129 Existing grain distilleries and 82 upcoming new grain/dual feed distilleries across the country to explore the feasibility of promoting maize cultivation in these areas in collaboration with these distilleries. IIMR has also committed for creating awareness programmes for higher maize cultivation and improving varieties for better yield and benefits to farmers.
INITIATIVES OF DoA&FW: COLLABORATIVE STRATEGY FOR HIGHER MAIZE PRODUCTION Better Varieties, Yield and Higher Acreage • Disparity in yield among states • Sharing of High Yielding Varieties and Best Practices • Availability of Seeds to farmers • Targeted Regionspecific approach Agricultural Extension Programmes • More projects under Schemes like NFSM, RKVY and CDP etc. • Distilleries and OMCs can also support IIMR and KVKs in such activities • State Governments should be equally associated in maize development. Mechanisation of Maize Cultivation • Availability of machines • Financial Assistance • Sharing of resources like Combines for wheat harvesting There was a consensus during the session that assured procurement of harvest is the most important motivational factor for farmers to grow maize. Taking a cue from sugarcane cultivation, it was deliberated that a conducive ecosystem for maize cultivation could be evolved with joint efforts of DAFW, IIMR and Distilleries. The ecosystem would ensure that farmers’ maize produce would be procured by distilleries at Minimum Support Price (MSP) and seeds of high Yielding Varieties (HYVs), Good Farming Practices etc. could be implemented by these areas for benefit of all stakeholders and higher ethanol production from maize. It was recommended that three stake holders namely Govt, Industry and research industry can work together to build a working template that will build this direct farm to unit model that could not only increase acreage but also provide a long term captive feedstock source. As one of the panellists compare the data of maize production/cultivation of India and USA, the largest producer of Corn and Ethanol, it was highlighted that USA uses GMO seeds for higher yield, which is, at present, not allowed in India.
During the session, all panellists agreed on following points: • Maize can replace water intensive crops like Rice • Yield and Profitability can be better for Maize which is a good crop for diversification • States can save on Power subsidies • For more maize cultivation, planning for HYV seeds is to be done. • Collaborative approach of all stakeholders to ensure assured procurement of maize at MSP by ethanol plants is the key to success of the strategy for maize to ethanol. Session II: Recovery of Ethanol and Bye Products from Maize This technical session focussed on steps required to be taken for higher recovery of ethanol from maize and production of other by-products during ethanol production from maize. Generally, 380 litres of ethanol is produced from one MT of maize. In addition, about 260 Kg DDGS is also produced with one MT of maize and has lower protein content than rice based DDGS. In addition, the corn oil produced is not fit for human consumption and can only be used as Bio Diesel. During the discussions, Director, NSI, based on inputs and research, indicated a benchmark for understanding recoveries and efficiencies: 1. Conversion Efficiency 97.0+ 2. Fermentation Efficiency 92.5+ 3. Distillation Efficiency 98.5+ 4. Dehydration Efficiency 99.5+ 5. Steam Consumption < 4 Kg. /liter of ethanol 6. Power Consumption < 0.4 Kwh/liter of ethanol 7. Fresh Water Requirement < 6 KL/KL of ethanol
On a relative basis if we compare Indian corn to US GMO based corn, the comparison as below clearly indicates that based on Yields and starch content, the cost of ethanol production in India would be higher. This was also explained in Session I of the seminar. However, there is a disconnect between starch yields of US corn which may be noted (72 % vas 62-64 %) Typical Composition of Corn Type of Corn US(GMO) Indian (Sweet Corn) Starch 63-64% 60-62% w/w Protein 7-8% 8-9% w/w Fibre 8-9% 7-8% w/w Fats 3-4% 4-5% w/w Ash 1-1.2% 1-1.2% w/w Other 1-2% 4-5% w/w Total Solids 86-88% 86-88% w/w Moisture 12-14% 12-14% w/w Sustainability and Profitability are two key factors and this session was very critical to establish the cost structure for providing inputs into the Pricing Model of Ethanol. Technology Inputs At present, ethanol plants in India are based on dry milling technology as wet milling process produces effluent that do not confirm to Indian standards. Technology is available such as the Dry Fractionation process which could increase ethanol yields as well as DDGS Protein Content. This is, however, very expensive and needs to be studied in greater detail for considering its use in India in future.
Integrated Approach for Maize based Ethanol and By Products ICAR-IIMR to work on varieties for higher recovery of ethanol from maize. Maize Cob and straw can be used as fuel for boilers, 2G ethanol and Compressed Bio Gas (CBG). Research and Development for better recovery and lower costs of production of ethanol from maize. Developing other by-products like corn oil, fiber etc. Session III: Improvement in DDGS quality and Marketability of DDGS as Animal Feed Since DDGS is the most important by-product which is critical to reduce overall cost of ethanol production as well as work as supplementary to animal feed market, development of market for DDGS as animal feed ingredient is important for viability of maize production and ethanol from maize. Improvement in DDGS Quality and Its Marketing as Animal Feed Outreach Programmes Customized Product Formulation for different clients Quality and Consistency Direct Marketing to Millers ➢ Animal feedstock requirement in the country is 450 LMT which is expected to be about 540 LMT by 2025-26. ➢ With use of about 165 LMT of grains, about 35 LMT DDGS can be produced. ➢ Present production of DDGS i s about 5 LMT. ➢ Thus, promotion of maize would lead to 7 times increase in DDGS production. ➢ This would support not only distilleries but also animal/poultry feed industry.
The Animal & Feed Market is growing at a healthy pace and is expected to grow from current 40 MMT to 54 MMT by 2026. This would result in an increased demand for key ingredients such as Soya Meal Other High Protein inputs. This is primarily led by Poultry (65%) & Cattle Feed (38%). India: Animal Feed Market Trend: Production Volume (in Million Tons), 2015-2020 India: Animal Feed Market: Production Volume 31.5 31.4 34.2 38.7 43.3 38.7 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 in 0 Million Tons India: Animal Feed Market Forecast: Production Volume (in Million Tons), 2021-2026 40.3 42.5 45.0 47.8 51.0 54.6 50 40 30 20 10 0 60 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 in Million Tons ▪ The Indian animal feed reached a production volume of 38.7 Million Tons in 2020, growing at a CAGR of 4.2% during 2015-2020. ▪ Market Trends indicate a production volume of 54.6 Million Tons by 2026, exhibiting a CAGR of 6.3% during 2021-2026. ▪ Boosted by growth in the poultry business and rising per capita chicken consumption, which is already high in urban areas and is increasingly in rural areas as well. ▪ Additionally, milk producers are now switching from conventional feed to more nutritionally balanced compound feed realizing the benefits in terms of yield enhancement, which has also sparked a boom in market demand. 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Source: IMARC Representative of CLFMA emphasised that DDGS would provide a good source of protein and whilst the current penetration is very low i.e. 3-5% and maximum 10 % usage in cattle feed formulations. With increasing demand for feed, DDGS can play an important role in supplementing the industry in providing supplies at an affordable price. However, following are a few challenges that DDGS manufacturers (grain based ethanol distilleries) need to address: 1. Consistency in quality and supply stability 2. High Moisture content leading to increase in Toxin levels such as Aflatoxin 3. Lack of knowledge 4. No fixed standards
There is technology interventions required in improving the product quality and standardisation of DDGS for different animal feeds. CLFMA and AIDA may assist Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) is developing these standards. The panellists deliberated and agreed on the following roadmap for promoting DDGS from maize and other grains: Session IV: Costing & Pricing of Ethanol from Maize Pricing of ethanol from maize is the bedrock for the whole programme of promotion of maize cultivation and its utilisation for ethanol as distilleries need to profitable to its sustainability in long run. In the final session, the forum agreed unanimously that the most critical part of the maize to ethanol programme is the right ethanol pricing that enables to build sustainability. Discussions in Session II and III had already set the tone and were beneficial for determining components and their ratios in pricing of ethanol from maize. a a a a a a a a a a . a a
Primarily, it was also agreed that OMCs need to incentivise the procurement of maize on MSP and mutual agreement between distilleries and maize farmers. To institutionalise the system, OMCs need to give assured and higher price for ethanol from maize which would also reduce dependence of the EBP programme over FCI rice for grain-based ethanol. It was highlighted by Industry that various kind of levies like mandi tax, government fees as well as some overheads like transportation, storage, loading/unloading charges etc. lead to increase in maize price at distillery higher than MSP. Hence, while calculating the cost of ethanol production, such factors need to be taken into consideration. Another critical component of pricing was energy costs. For molasses-based ethanol, distilleries have in-house source of energy like bagasse and spent wash but grain-based distilleries are dependent on coal and rice husk for energy purposes. The forum suggested that IIMR can explore the feasibility of using corn cob and straw also for use as fuel which would also avoid pollution by reducing residual crop (Parali) burning by farmers. Further, the forum was in consensus that maize can be a solution as sustainable feedstock for ethanol production only if sufficient maize is available and the whole ecosystem can be developed for which OMCs, DAFW and Distilleries need to work together as one team. The following suggestions/points were discussed: 1. Government should procure like in the case of Rice – it was explained as this is not feasible as the cost will be very high and FCI may not have the storage facilities. 2. Commodities prices are impacted by various geo political factors and one should be cognizant of that and address it in the model.
Concluding Session In the final session, the guidance was given to the whole programme by Apex leadership of Government including Shri Piyush Goyal, Hon’ble Minister for Commerce & Industry, Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution and Textiles. Secretaries of Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas, Agriculture and Food & Public Distribution also expressed themselves on the subject. Hon’ble Minister highlighted that India has transformed in accomplishing bigger goals in shorter time to be the world leader. Target of E 20 was preponed from 2030 to 2025 so that India can have clean fuel with propagating farmers’ interests. The growth of ethanol sector has been tremendous which has set a sort of example for the world. In last 9 years, sugar sector has been self-sufficient with more than 99.9% payment to farmers for previous season. Now, ethanol will support maize farmers in increasing their income and bringing growth with stability on the lines of sugarcane farmers. Investment of thousands of crores have come creating thousands of jobs in rural sector which has generated multiplier effect on Indian economy. He highlighted that environment friendly fuel like ethanol has been on the top priority list of Hon’ble Prime Minister which has resulted in more than doubling of ethanol blending in just 2 years and target of 20% ethanol blending has also been preponed from 2030 to 2025. Timely planning, industry friendly policies and transparent approach of the Government of India with collaboration of industry has made these achievements a reality. He stressed on the need for synchronous efforts of Central Government, States, Research
Institutes, OMCs and Distilleries to achieve the target of 20% ethanol blending while keeping interests of the farmers always on top priority. Secretary, Agriculture also expressed the need to have more targeted and region-specific approach in promoting cultivation of maize in the country. Secretary, Petroleum supported the idea and highlighted the work of OMCs in collaborating with industry which resulted in achieving 10% blending target last year and moving in right direction to achieve the 20% blending target in time. He assured incentivised pricing for ethanol from maize with assured MSP. Secretary, Food spelt out the need for assured procurement of maize at MSP and evolving enabling ecosystem for the whole sector as necessity to achieve the target for grain-based distilleries. All were equivocal in their support in building this platform and integrating it into the EBP programme and create a long-term sustainable platform for growth. The seminar thus focused on bringing experts of various varied technological fields under one platform with the aim of looking at ways on usage of technology as a force multiplier to understand the concerns and challenges in promoting maize cultivation as well as to identify a suggestive course of action to progress in achieving the higher maize production in the country which would certainly benefit not only farmers and distilleries but also would be of great help in conservation of water and environment.
Essentials for Promotion of Maize to Ethanol Assured Price (MSP) of Maize to Farmers • Higher Maize Production • Higher yield and acreage • Crop Diversification Assured Procurement of Maize • Higher income for farmers • Farmer Distilleries Collaborative Approach • State Level Monitoring Structure Right Pricing of Ethanol from Maize • Remunerative Prices for distilleries • Special incentive for assuring payment of MSP of maize to farmers Salient Strategic Outcome/Action Points Evolved during the Seminar: Though many topics were deliberated and touched upon by various panellists during the sessions, some major action points emerged during the seminar are as under: a. Department of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare will continue to promote maize cultivation under various programmes like NFSM, RKVY and CDP. The Department will strive to increase maize production by about 100 LMT during next 3 years. b. IIMR will work towards better varieties for higher yield and higher recovery of ethanol from maize. c. OMCs, in consultation with DFPD and Distilleries, would draft a pricing model for ethanol from maize to not only make ethanol production from maize viable but also remunerative so that maize farmers could get assured procurement at MSP or higher prices. Grain based/dual feed distilleries will collaborate with farmers for assured production and procurement of maize in their respective regions. d. CLFMA and AIDA will work with BIS to develop standards for DDGs for various types of animal feeds. e. Adoption of best available technologies during processing and benchmarking of performance parameters by Distilleries.
f. A technical Sub Committee be formed with Experts from research Institute, Equipment suppliers and Industry to understand current status and how to fast track technology interventions so that both yield and efficiencies are improved with resultant cost savings that will build sustainability. g. An operating working group can be constituted that will keep reviewing the status of work on ground and assist the Committee headed by Additional Secretary (Agri) on Maize to Ethanol. This group could comprise representatives from: i. DFPD ii. DAFW iii. IIMR iv. AIDA v. ISMA vi. Technology Providers and Equipment Manufacturers . State Governments of 3-5 States . y a a L M ay a a a a . ******
Moderators/Coordinators: 1. Shri Subodh K Singh, IAS, Additional Sec 2. Dr. P. K. Singh, Agriculture Commissione Panelists: 1. Dr. HS Jat, Director, Indian Institute of Ma 2. Shri Roshan Lal Tamak, CEO, DCM Shrira 3. Shri Amit Sachdev, Regional Consultant National Seminar o SESSI COLLABRATIVE STRATE PRODU
retary, DFPD er, DoA&FW aize Research, Ludhiana am Ltd. t (South Asia), US Grains Council on Maize & Ethanol ION I: EGY FOR HIGHER MAIZE UCTION Back to Annexure
Glimpses on • Maize is the third most important cere • Area, Production and Yield (APY) & M Year Area (Lakh Ha) Producti (Million Ton 1950-51 31.60 1.73 2014-15 91.85 24.17 2015-16 88.06 22.56 2016-17 96.33 25.90 2017-18 93.80 28.75 2018-19 91.32 27.71 2019-20 95.69 28.77 2020-21 98.92 31.65 2021-22 99.58 33.73 2022-23 100.75 34.61 #2nd Advance Estimates
n Maize Crop eal crop after rice and wheat. MSP of Maize: ion nnes) Yield (Kg/ha) MSP (Rs/Qtl) 547 - 2632 1310 6 2563 1325 0 2689 1365 5 3065 1425 3035 1700 7 3006 1760 3199 1850 3 3387 1870 3435 1962 Back to Annexure
APY of major maiz 2022 (2nd Advanc State Area (Lakh Ha) Karnataka 16.2 Madhya Pradesh 16.1 Maharashtra 12.4 Rajasthan 9. Uttar Pradesh 7.9 Bihar 4.9 Telangana 4.7 Gujarat 3. Tamil Nadu 4.1 Andhra Pradesh 3.2 All-India 100.7
ze growing states 2-23 ce Estimates) Production (Lakh Tonnes) Yield (kg/ha) 27 52.02 3197 14 52.55 3256 47 37.33 2994 61 18.85 1961 93 17.24 2174 93 20.36 4130 74 27.62 5827 91 7.74 1979 18 30.76 7345 26 20.55 6305 75 346.12 3435 Back to Annexure
Utilization of m (Source: ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize research) 1. Poultry feed 2. Livestock feed Total Poultry & Livestock 3. Industrial/Starch purp 4. Human food 5. Processed food 6. Export & other purpos
maize in India 47% 13% k feed 60% ose 14% 13% 7% ses 6% Back to Annexure
Grain based distille S. No. States No. of grain based distilleries No. g d 1 Maharashtra 28 2 Punjab 18 3 Haryana 16 4 Andhra Pradesh 15 5 Madhya Pradesh 10 6 Rajasthan 8 7 Karnataka 7 8 Bihar 5 9 Chhattisgarh 3 10 Himachal Pradesh 3 11 Uttar Pradesh 3 12 West Bengal 3 13 Odisha 3 14 Assam 2 15 Jharkhand 2 16 Telangana 2 17 Sikkim 1 Total 129 *accounts for 86% of total maize production #norm
eries in the Country of upcoming grain based distilleries Production of maize (lakh tonnes) (As per 2nd Adv. Est. of 2022-23) 7 37.34 8 4.07 4 0.22 1 20.55 12 52.55 1 18.85 4 52.02 10 20.37 5 3.75 1 7.85 3 17.24 4 26.89 10 2.61 4 1.44 5 4.18 3 27.62 0 0.68# 82 298.23* mal production Back to Annexure
MAIZE DEVELOPME a. National Food Security Mission (NFSM crop under coarse cereals componen of demonstration of improved pr hybrids/High Yielding Varieties (HYVs etc for promoting maize cultivation in b. Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana –Remu Allied Sectors Rejuvenation (RKVY-R undertake maize development progra c. Crop Diversification Programme implemented since 2013-14 in Origin Haryana & Western Uttar Pradesh to crop to various alternate crops includi
ENT PROGRAMMES M): Assistance is being provided to maize nt of NFSM since 2014-15 for organization oduction technologies, distribution of s), plant & soil protection management, the country. unerative Approaches for Agriculture and RAFTAAR): In addition to NFSM, States amme under RKVY-RAFTAAR. (CDP): CDP under RKVY is being nal Green Revolution States viz., Punjab, divert the area of water guzzling paddy ing maize. Back to Annexure
Steps taken by Governmen Maize around Grain • State governments to prepare the “spe diverting rice/wheat area around distiller • State governments to organise large sca varieties/hybrids of maize in proximity of under National Food Security Mission (NF • Existing distilleries are encouraged to sta growers in coordination with state depar • State Govts. of Chhattisgarh & Uttar Pra demonstrations on maize through specia
nt to Promote Cultivation of n Based Distilleries ecial projects” on promotion of maize by ries under RKVY. ale cluster demonstrations on high yielding f 50-100 km around grain based distilleries SM). art buyback arrangements with the maize tment of agriculture/marketing. desh have covered 75,662 ha area under al projects of RKVY during 2021-22. Back to Annexure
• State Govt. of Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisga project on promotion of maize cultivat 2022-23 with a targeted demonstrations • A Committee has been constituted inv issues related to utilization of agricultur production of ethanol. • The production of maize has increased f million tonnes in 2022-23 (2 nd Adv. Est.). Steps taken by Governmen Maize around Grain
arh & Andhra Pradesh have taken special tion around distilleries under RKVY during on maize in an area of 1,48,300 ha. volving multiple stakeholders to examine ral feedstocks viz., maize & sugar beet for from 31.65 million tonnes in 2020-21 to 34.61 nt to Promote Cultivation of n Based Distilleries Back to Annexure
Existing distilleries Existing and Upcoming G 100 50-100 50 KLPD capacity
Grain-based distilleries Upcoming capacity (Total KLPD capacity) Back to Annexure
Punjab + Haryana 6298 KLPD (7602 KLPD) Madhya Pradesh + Maharashtra 4600 KLPD Regional analysis of Maiz dem North Western region Central region
Bihar + West Bengal + Chhattisgarh + Odisha 7264 KLPD Telangana + Andhra Pradesh + Karnataka 3200 KLPD ze Production & Distillery mand Eastern region Southern region Back to Annexure
Enhancement of ac Target Areas Rice replacement with Maize in Kharif and Spring Maize
creage under Maize Area Expansion in J&K, Himachal, UT and NER Replacement of Upland Paddy with Maize in Kharif and Replacement of wheat with Maize in Rabi Replacement of Upland Paddy with Maize in Kharif and Replacement of rice with Maize in Rabi Back to Annexure
Enhancement in M 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 AP AS BH CHH GJ HR HP JH KA KL MP Yield (k
Maize Productivity 7158 3349 P MH OD PJ RJ TN TS UP UK WB OTH All India kg/ha) Back to Annexure
District-wise Maize Pro Kharif season Productivity (ton/ha Low Medium High
oductivity Map of India a) Rabi season Back to Annexure
• At present, 65-70% hybrid coverage: SCH (35-4 • DCH & TCH to be phased out & replaced with S • Khairf maize: Climate resilient hybrid in rainfed priority Strategy for SCH coverage: • PPP/Farmer participatory seed production • SSC/NSC to play greater role • Restricted seed hub: Peninsular Region • Alternate seed production sites: Regional seed Additional seed requirement (4 m ha)= 80,000 T Requirement: 40,000 ha land for certified seed p Seed distribution • Small packaging for difficult areas • Seed treatment for fall armyworm to be mandat Approach 1: More Area Establishment
40%) DCH/TCH SCH d areas to be top hubs Tons roduction tory. coverage under SCH & t of Seed Hubs Back to Annexure
Approach 2: Targeting site swise Kharif Technologies /Policy NEPZ, CWZ SCH, bed planting, weed and nutrient ma NHZ SCH, mechanical planting, weed manage PZ Acreage in irrigated and upland paddy ar resilient hybrid for KT & MH NWPZ villages/blocks assured procurement, BSC Rabi Technologies /Policy NEPZ SCH, seed production with production hub amargement weed name & BMP; more in rice area enhancement (rice ) PZ CWZ Area enhancement (low wheat productio Yield gap exists across season NEPZ: North estern plain zone; NWPZ: North Western Plain Zone ; Hill Zone; PZ: Pneinsular Zone; CWZ: Cnetral Western Zone
specific Zone wise & season PoPs nagement ement reas; climate CH with BMP b, market place of rabi on BMP, SCH Maize production 2021-22 (‘000 t) NHZ: Northern Back to Annexure