Installing Windows Server 2008

18. After all files have been archived, the Backup Wizard displays a completion summary. Click
Close button to close the Backup Wizard (Figure 0785).

Figure 0785 : Backup Once Wizard – Backup progress
19. Close the Windows Server Backup window (Figure 0786).

Figure 0786 : Windows Server Backup window

EXERCISE 19.3
Restore Files and Folders
In this exercise you will use the Backup utility provided with Windows Server 2008 to perform a
restore of files and folder.

20. Launch the Windows Server Backup. Click Start ► Administrative Tools ► Windows Server Backup
(Figure 0787).

Figure 0787 : Launch the Windows Server Backup.
21. Click Recover… (Figure 0788).

Figure 0788 : Windows Server Backup

22. Select This server option and click Next button (Figure 0789).

Figure 0789 : Recovery Wizard
23. The Recovery Wizard will show the entire available backup. Backups are available for dates

shown in bold. Select the date of a backup to use for recovery. Select the latest backup available
(Figure 0790).

Figure 0790 : Recovery Wizard – Select backup date
24. Click Next button (Figure 0790).

25. Select Files and folders option to restore files and folders. This option only can restore selected
files and folder (Figure 0791).

If you want to restore the entire volume, select Volumes option.

Figure 0791 : Recovery Wizard – Select recovery type
26. Click Next button (Figure 0791).
27. Browse the folders tree to find the files or folders that you want to recover. Click an item to select

it for recovery.
Let try recover Common Files folder. Select Common Files folder and click Next button (Figure
0792).

Figure 0792 : Recovery Wizard – Select items to recover

28. Select Original location for the “Recovery destination” option and select Overwrite existing
files with recovered files for the “When this wizard finds files and folders in the recovery
destination” option (Figure 0793).

Figure 0793 : Recovery Wizard – Specify recovery options
29. Click Next button (Figure 0793).
30. Click Recover button to start your recovery (Figure 0794).

Figure 0794 : Recovery Wizard – Confirmation

31. After all files have been restored, the Recovery Wizard displays a completion summary. Click
Close button to close the Recovery Wizard (Figure 0795).

Figure 0795 : Recovery Wizard – Finish
32. Close the Windows Server Backup window (Figure 0796).

Figure 0796 : Windows Server Backup

EXERCISE 19.4
Restore Volume
In this exercise you will perform a restore an entire volume (all data stored on C: drive).

33. Insert the Windows Server 2008 DVD into your DVD drive.
34. Restart your Server. Click Start ► Restart (Figure 0797).

Figure 0797 : Restart Server.

35. Select Hardware: Maintenance (Planned) and click OK button (Figure 0798).

Figure 0798 : Shutdown Event Tracker
36. Boot your PC using Windows Server 2008 DVD.
37. Language and Keyboard Options. Select your language and keyboard; and click Next

button to continue (Figure 0799).

Figure 0799 : Language and Keyboard Options

38. Windows Server 2008 Setup
You are presented with options to Install, brief information about Server 2008 or repair
(Figure 0800).
Click Repair your computer to start System Recovery Wizard on this computer. (Figure
07).

Figure 0800 : Windows Server 2008 Setup
39. Select an operating system to repair and click Next button (Figure 0801).

Figure 0801 : System Recovery Options

40. Click Windows Complete PC Restore option to restore entire server from a backup image
(Figure 0802).

Figure 0802 : System Recovery Options – Choose a recovery tool
41. Select Use the latest available backup (recommended) option and click the Next button (Figure

0803).

Figure 0803 : Windows Complete PC Restore wizard

42. Click the Next button (Figure 0804).

Figure 0804 : Windows Complete PC Restore wizard – restore options
43. Click the Finish button to start restore (Figure 0805).

Figure 0805 : Windows Complete PC Restore wizard – Start restore
44. Tick the I confirm that ……… restore the backup option and click the OK button (Figure

0806).
Figure 0806 : Windows Complete PC Restore wizard – Confirm to restore

45. At this point, take a break. The restoring process will continue on its own. This will take several
minutes (Figure 0807).

Figure 0807 : Windows Complete PC Restore wizard – Restoring process
46. Windows will automatically reboot your system after the restoring process complete. Press CTRL

+ ALT + DELETE to log on to your server (Figure 0808).

Figure 0808 : Windows log on

47. Log on to the server as Administrator (Figure 0809).

Figure 0809 : Administrator Login
48. Log off the server.

Congratulation! You have finish restore the Windows Server 2008

COMPUTER MANAGEMENT
This is an administrative tool that allows you view the physical drives, file systems, partitions,
and logical drives on the computer. This tool can also be used to check the file systems and
defragment.
EXERCISE 19.5
In this exercise you will use Computer Management to check the file system. If files are
currently in use, Windows Server 2008 is unable to check the state of the file system, and will
flag the file system for checking on the next reboot.

1. Log on to the server as Administrator (Figure 0810).

Figure 0810 : Administrator Login

2. Launch Computer Management. Click Start ► Administrative Tools ► Computer
Management (Figure 0811).

Figure 0811 : Launch Computer Management
3. Expand the Storage folder and select the Disk Management (Figure 0812).

Figure 0812 : Computer Management window

4. Right click C: drive and select Properties (Figure 0813).

Figure 0813 : Computer Management – Disk Management
5. From the Properties window, click the Tools tab (Figure 0814).

This tab displays options for you to check the file system, defragment the drive or backup files.

Figure 0814 : Local Disk (C:) Properties

6. Click the Check Now… button to check the drive for errors (Figure 0814).
7. Tick the option Automatically fix file system errors and click Start button (Figure 0815).

Figure 0815 : Check Disk Local Disk (C:)
8. If C: drive is not in use, check disk will now scan the drive for errors. If the drive is in use, you

will be presented with the option to schedule the disk check when the computer is restarted.
Click Schedule disk check to continue (Figure 0816).

Figure 0816 : Schedule disk check option

9. Use the same procedure to scan D: drive.
Right click D: drive and select Properties (Figure 0817).

Figure 0817 : Computer Management – Disk Management
10. From the Properties window, click the Tools tab. Then click the Check Now… button to check

the drive for errors (Figure 0818).

Figure 0818 : Local Disk (D:) Properties

11. Tick the option Automatically fix file system errors and click Start button (Figure 0819).

Figure 0819 : Check Disk Local Disk (D:)
12. If D: drive is not in use, check disk will now scan the drive for errors. If the drive is in use, you

will be presented with the option to schedule the disk check when the computer is restarted.
Click Schedule disk check to continue (Figure 0820).

Figure 0820 : Schedule disk check option

13. Restart your Server. Click Start ► Restart (Figure 0821).
Figure 0821 : Restart Server

14. Select Hardware: Maintenance (Planned) and click OK button (Figure 0822).

Figure 0822 : Shutdown Event Tracker
You will be able to observe the process of checking the file system occurring once the
computer restarts (Figure 0823).

Figure 0823 : File system checking process
Once this process has finish, the computer will restart and load Windows Server 2008.
The file system should be checked on a regular basis for integrity by running Check
disk. Unfortunately, this process often requires restarting the server.
15. Close all remaining windows.
16. Log off the server.

DEFRAGMENTING THE FILE SYSTEM
Over a period of time, portions of files can become scattered over the surface of the disk and
this makes accessing files slower. The process of defragmenting a disk involves moving the
portions of each file back together so they are all next to each other.
EXERCISE 19.6
In this exercise you will use Computer Management to defragment the current drive.

1. Log on to the server as Administrator (Figure 0824).

Figure 0824 : Administrator Login

2. Launch Computer Management. Click Start ► Administrative Tools ► Computer
Management (Figure 0825).

Figure 0825 : Launch Computer Management
3. Expand the Storage folder and select the Disk Management (Figure 0826).

Figure 0826 : Computer Management window

4. Right click C: drive and select Properties (Figure 0827).

Figure 0827 : Computer Management – Disk Management
5. From the Properties window, click the Tools tab (Figure 0828).

This tab displays options for you to check the file system, defragment the drive or backup files.

Figure 0828 : Local Disk (C:) Properties

6. Click Defragment Now… button (Figure 0828).
7. Click Defragment now… button (Figure 0829).

Figure 0829 : Disk Defragmenter window
8. Select all disks for defragment and click OK button (Figure 0830).

Figure 0830 : Disk Defragmenter : Defragment Now

9. After the drive has been defragmented, click the Close button to close the Disk Defragmenter
window (Figure 0831).

Figure 0831 : Disk Defragmenter window
Defragmenting the file system should occur on a regular basis to ensure files can be
accessed and loaded quickly. Files in use cannot be defragmented, so administrators
should schedule this to occur during periods of inactivity. A heavily fragmented file
system is often the cause of poor performance.

SAFE MODE
Safe mode provides a means of recovering from loading device drivers that do not work
properly. For instance, an administrator might install a new graphics card, and rather than let
Windows Server 2008 install the appropriate drivers, may select an alternative driver. This can
result in a system that results in an unreadable screen display. To recover from such a
possibility, Windows Server 2008 provides Safe mode.
EXERCISE 19.7
In this exercise you will restart the computer in Safe Mode. This is a special mode only available
when the computer is restarted and you press F8 before the computer starts loading Windows
Server 2008.

1. Log on to the server as Administrator (Figure 0832).

Figure 0832 : Administrator Login

2. Restart your Server. Click Start ► Restart (Figure 0833).
Figure 0833 : Restart Server

3. Select Operating System: Reconfiguration (Planned) and click OK button (Figure 0834).

Figure 0834 : Shutdown Event Tracker
4. When the computer restarts, repeatedly press the F8 key while it displays the boot sequence at the

bottom of the screen. You need to press F8 key before the Windows logo appears. If the
Windows logo appears, you will need to try again (Figure 0835).

Figure 0835 : Boot Screen

5. Select the Safe Mode option and press Enter (Figure 0836).

Figure 0836 : Advanced Boot Options
6. Log on to the server as Administrator (Figure 0837).

Figure 0837 : Administrator Login

7. When your computer in safe mode, you’ll see the word Safe Mode in the corners of the display
(Figure 0838).

Figure 0838 : Safe Mode

8. After the computer has started in safe mode, shut the computer down. Click Start ► Shut Down
(Figure 0839).

Figure 0839 : Shut Down Server

ACTIVE DIRECTORY SERVICE REPAIR MODE
The active directory database is stored in the file ntds.dit in the folder NTDS. As changes occur
to Active Directory over time, the database file becomes fragmented. An administrator should
perform a backup of the Active Directory database file.
In this exercise you will boot the computer using a startup option by pressing F8 at startup. This
will allow you to enter a mode where you can repair the Active Directory files, or back-up and
restore Active Directory.

9. Switch ON your server and repeatedly press the F8 key while it displays the boot sequence at the
bottom of the screen. You need to press F8 key before the Windows logo appears. If the
Windows logo appears, you will need to try again (Figure 0840).

Figure 0840 : Boot Screen

10. Select the Directory Services Restore Mode option and press Enter (Figure 0841).

Figure 0841 : Advanced Boot Options
11. Press CTRL + ALT + DELETE and log on to the server as Administrator with Active

Directory password you set in the earlier exercise - @xercisE (Figure 0842).

Figure 0842 : Administrator Login

Backup Active Directory Service
EXERCISE 19.8
In this exercise you will back-up Active Directory.

12. Launch the Run application. Click Start ► Run… (Figure 0843).

Figure 0843 : Launch the Run Application
13. Key-in cmd in the Open : box and click the OK button to launch the Command Prompt

application (Figure 0844).

Figure 0844 : Run Windows
14. Access the C:\Windows\ntds folder

Type the following command in command prompt:
14.1. cd\ and press Enter (Figure 0845).

Figure 0845 : Command Prompt – cd\

14.2. cd c:\windows\ntds and press Enter (Figure 0846).
Figure 0846 : Command Prompt – cd c:\windows\ntds

14.3. dir/w and press Enter (Figure 0847).

Figure 0847 : Command Prompt – dir/w

15. Backup the Active Directory Service database by copying the ntds.dit file to a new file named
ntdsbackup.dit
Key-in the following command to back-up the ntds.dit file:
copy ntds.dit ntdsbackup.dit
and press Enter (Figure 0848).

Figure 0848 : Command Prompt – copy file
16. Reconfirm the backup file is successfully created by typing the following command:

dir/w and press Enter (Figure 0849).

Figure 0849 : Command Prompt – display directory contents

Create The Active Directory Service Error
EXERCISE 19.9
In this exercise you will create Active Directory error by deleting the Active Directory Service
database file.

17. Delete the ntds.dit file by execute the following command:
del ntds.dit
and press Enter (Figure 0850).

Figure 0850 : Command Prompt – delete file
18. Restart your Server. Click Start ► Restart (Figure 0851).

Figure 0851 : Restart Server

19. Select Operating System: Reconfiguration (Planned) and click OK button (Figure 0852).

Figure 0852 : Shutdown Event Tracker
Could you log on to the server?
Why this happened?
This problem happened normally because the server cannot find the Active Directory Service
database file or maybe the Active Directory Service database file is corrupted. In the earlier
exercise you have deleted the Active Directory database file (ntds.dit) to create this problem.
20. Press CTRL + ALT + DELETE to restart your server.

21. When the computer restarts, repeatedly press the F8 key while it displays the boot sequence at the
bottom of the screen. You need to press F8 key before the Windows logo appears. If the
Windows logo appears, you will need to try again (Figure 0853).

Figure 0853 : Boot Screen
22. Select the Directory Services Restore Mode option and press Enter (Figure 0854).

Figure 0854 : Advanced Boot Options

Restore Active Directory Service
EXERCISE 19.10
In this exercise you will restore Active Directory.

23. Press CTRL + ALT + DELETE and log on to the server as Administrator with Active
Directory password you set in the earlier exercise - @xercisE (Figure 0855).

Figure 0855 : Administrator Login
24. Launch the Run application. Click Start ► Run… (Figure 0856).

Figure 0856 : Launch the Run Application

25. Key-in cmd in the Open : box and click the OK button to launch the Command Prompt
application (Figure 0857).

Figure 0857 : Run Windows
26. Access the C:\Windows\ntds folder

Type the following command in command prompt:
26.1. cd\ and press Enter (Figure 0858).

Figure 0858 : Command Prompt – cd\
26.2. cd c:\windows\ntds and press Enter (Figure 0859).

Figure 0859 : Command Prompt – cd c:\windows\ntds

26.3. dir/w and press Enter (Figure 0860).

Figure 0860 : Command Prompt – dir/w
27. Restore the Active Directory Service by copying the ntdsbackup.dit file to ntds.dit file

Key-in the following command to restore the ntds.dit file:
copy ntdsbackup.dit ntds.dit
and press Enter (Figure 0861).

Figure 0861 : Command Prompt – copy file

28. Reconfirm the file is successfully restore by typing the following command:
dir/w and press Enter (Figure 0862).

Figure 0862 : Command Prompt – display directory contents
29. Restart your Server. Click Start ► Restart (Figure 0863).

Figure 0863 : Restart Server

30. Select Operating System: Reconfiguration (Planned) and click OK button (Figure 0864).

Figure 0864 : Shutdown Event Tracker
What happen? Could you log on to the server?
31. Log off the server.
Summary
In this exercise you learn how to make a backup copy of the Active Directory database by
copying it to another file. You also learn how to recover and restore the Active Directory
database.

Exercise 20

INSTALLING AND
CONFIGURING
DHCP SERVER

Exercise 20 : Installing And Configuring DHCP Server

"Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is an IP standard designed to reduce the
complexity of administering IP address configurations." - Microsoft's definition.
A DHCP server would be set up with the appropriate settings for a given network. Such settings
would include a set of fundamental parameters such as the gateway, DNS, subnet masks, and
a range of IP addresses. Using DHCP on a network means administrators don't need to
configure these settings individually for each client on the network. The DHCP would
automatically distribute them to the clients itself.
In this exercise you will set DHCP server and deploy DHCP to a Windows Server 2008 client
computer. You will configure DHCP service and limit it to 3 hosts.
Preliminary Setup
To support this exercise, you will need to change your network cable from straight cable to
cross cable and hook-up cross cable to your server and your client.

EXERCISE 20.1
Installing DHCP Service.
This will serve as a step-by-step guide on how to setup a DHCP server.

1. Log on to the server as Administrator (Figure 0865).

Figure 0865 : Administrator Login

2. Launch the Server Manager. Click Start ► Administrative Tools ► Server Manager (Figure 0866).

Figure 0866 : Launch Server Manager.
3. In Server Manager, select Roles (Figure 0867).

Figure 0867 : Server Manager - Roles

4. Select Add Roles (Figure 0868).

Figure 0868 : Add Roles
5. On the Before You Begin page, review the requirements, and click the Next (Figure 0869).

Figure 0869 : Add Roles – Before You Begin

6. On the Select Server Roles page, select the check box next to DHCP Server, and click the Next
button (Figure 0870).

Figure 0870 : Server Roles – DHCP Server
7. On the DHCP Server page, review the information, and click the Next button (Figure 0871).

Figure 0871 : DHCP Server page