Social Studies 3

Test Your Knowledge

1. Sketch a map of your place. In the map show the following:

your school, your home, road, town, your friends' home, river, temple,
garden, and a shop

2. You must have gone for outing with your teacher or parents.
List out the things that you saw during your visit.

..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................

3. Answer these questions.

a. What is the name of your Rural Municipality/municipality?

b. Where does it lie?

i) Terai ii) Hilly iii) Himalaya

c. How is a Rural Municipality different from a municipality?

4. What do the following symbols indicate in a map?

a. b. c.

d. e. f.

Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3 101

Unit Our Past

5

In this unit, we will:

• learn about history; history is a record of past events.
• be aware of our own past or history.
• learn about people’s birth, past deeds, and migration.
• learn about important persons in our history; they are our national

heroes.
• be able to get inspiration from the lives of historical personalities.
102 Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3

Lesson We Live With
Our Past
6.1

Pre-reading Activities

Let’s talk about ourselves.
When were you born? When is your birthday? Where were you born?
Where do you live now? Where were your parents born? Where do
they live now?

Reading

Yangpel Lama lives in
Kathmandu now. But his
parents came to Kathmandu
only two years ago. His father,
Dawa Lama, was a farmer in
Okhaldhunga. He worked in
the field and grew millet and
maize. Yangpel's mother, Tashi
Lama, would knit sweaters. Life
was hard for them. There was
no good school to send Yangpel
to. So Yangpel's parents moved
to Kathmandu in 2015. Now Yangpel's father runs a grocery shop at
Baneshwar. He sells food items, cereals and cold drinks. And from that
earning he pays for Yangpel's education. "I am happy in Kathmandu,"
Dawa Lama says. "My son goes to a good school and he is doing well."
Rajesh KC's case is different. His parents were poor. They collected herbs

Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3 103

in the hills of Jumla. But that did not bring them enough to run the family.
So they gave up that work and migrated to Nepalgunj. In Nepalgunj,
Rajesh's father drives a truck. He earns enough for his family. They are
happy in Nepalgunj.

Rashmita is sad. She lost her mother last year. Her mother
had gone to work in Dubai. But when she was returning
home, she died in an accident. Now Rashmita lives with
her grandparents. Her grandfather was a soldier in the
Indian army. He got retired in 2001. And then, he came
back to Nepal. He is old now, but he takes Rashmita to
school every day. He loves Rashmita very much.

Kiran Jirel is senior to them. He is in Grade IV. He
lives with his maternal uncle
nowadays. He used to study
in Jiri. His parents are still
there. They used to rear yaks.
From Chauri's milk they used
to make chhurpi and cheese
and sell them. Now they have
given up that business. They
run a poultry farm these days.
They sell chickens and eggs.

104 Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3

Kiran visits them during the holidays.

We live with our past. We should not ignore it. We should learn from our
past and live a better life in the present. We all must know where our
parents come from and what was their past life like.

Free the Words

knit : to make clothes/garments
cereals : grains like wheat, barley, etc.
chhurpi : a hard eatable item made from chauri's milk
poultry : chicken, ducks, etc.

In-class Activities

Ask four friends in your class where their parents/grandparents lived
and what they did. Then complete the following table.
Friend's name Name of parents Where they lived What they did

Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3 105

Exercise

1. Answer these questions.
a. What did Yangpel's parents do two years ago?
b. What does Dawa Lama do now?
c. What did Rajesh's father do in Jumla? Why did he migrate to
Nepalgunj?
d. What job did Rashmita's grandfather have?
e. What did Kiran's parents use to do before beginning poultry
farm?

2. Write a paragraph about your own parents/grandparents.
My father .................. was born in ................. (place, district) .............
in (year). My grandfather ......................... was born in ...................... .

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................
3. Visit a nearby neighbour and ask the following questions.

a. What work did you use to do before?

...........................................................................................................
b. What work do you do now ?

...........................................................................................................
c. Are you happy with your work?

...........................................................................................................
d. What do you like to do in the future?

...........................................................................................................

106 Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3

Lesson Our National
Heroes
6.2

Pre-reading Activities

Who is your favorite person in Nepalese history? Why do you like
the person? Try drawing the picture of the person and write his or her
name below it. Show it to the class.

Reading

About two hundred years ago, Nepal was divided into many small states.

They were called

principalities.

There were Baisi

(22) and Chaubisi

(24) principalities.

King Prithvi

Narayan Shah

unified these states

into one strong

nation, Nepal.

Then after, Nepal

became bigger and

bigger. It was much greater than it is today. It had been expanded up to

Tista in the east and Kangada in the west. In the map above, you see how

big Nepal was until 1814-1816 (1871-1873 BS). In 1816 A.D. Nepal signed

Sugauli treaty with the then British India Government and lost a lot of

its territory. In those days, India was ruled by the British. They wanted

Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3 107

to control Nepal, too. But Nepali soldiers fought bravely to stop them.
However, after Nepal signed the treaty, it lost many of the states it had
won earlier. Many warriors fought with British India to make Nepal a
great country. They are our national heroes. In this lesson, we will read
about them.

A. Amar Singh Thapa

Amar Singh Thapa was a great hero. He fought
wars to unify Nepal. He was born in 1808 BS in
Gorkha. His father Bhim Singh Thapa was also
a soldier in the army. But he died during the
Palanchowk War. After his father's death Amar
Singh was trained in the Gorkha palace.
Amar Singh Thapa joined the military when he
was 17 years old. He fought bravely when Prithvi
Narayan Shah attacked Kantipur (Kathmandu). Prithvi Narayan was
very happy with him. Then after, Amar Singh Thapa also fought in other
wars. He played a very important role in extending the boundary of
Nepal to Tista in the east.

He annexed many small states to Nepal. He conquered Kumaun,
Gadhwal and Kangada. All these places are now in India. But they
belonged to Nepal until 1816 A.D.
Amar Singh Thapa also built a temple of the goddess Ganga in the early
19th century. The temple was built in a town of Gangotri in the present
108 Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3

day Uttarakhand, India. To this day, it is one of the four sites in the Char
Dham pilgrimage.
But after the Sugauli Treaty Nepal lost a large chunk of the land to the
British. He was very sad over this. Then he got retired from the job and
went to Gosaikunda. He died there in 1873 BS.

Free the Words

principality : small state ruled by a prince
unify : to join, to make many things into one
extend : to make something large or long
annex : attach to the main part
conquer : win
pilgrimage : a travel to a holy place
chunk : piece
Sugauli Treaty : an agrement held between Nepal and British

government and India in 1816 AD to end the
Anglo Nepal War
retire : to stop doing work

Exercise

1. Fill in the blanks.
a. About two centuries ago, Nepal was ......................................... .
b. There were ........................................ principalities.
c. Sugauli Treaty was signed in ...................................................... .
d. Amar Singh Thapa was born in ......................... in ................... .
e. After retirement, Amar Singh Thapa went to ............................ .

2. Tick (√) the correct answer.
a. Greater Nepal bordered :

i) Mechi-Mahakali ii) Tista-Kangada iii) Siligudi - Mahendranagar

Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3 109

b. Amar Singh Thapa's father was :

i) Bhimsen Thapa ii) Bhakti Thapa iii) Bhim Singh Thapa
c. Amar Singh was trained by :
i) Prithvi Narayan Shah ii) Bhim Singh Thapa iii) British India Govt.
d. He died in :

i) Gangotri ii) Dehradun iii) Gosaikunda

3. Look at the map of greater Nepal below and write a short
note about it.


4. Answer these questions.

a. How was present day Nepal about two hundred years ago?
b. How far was Nepali territory/area extended?
c. When did Amar Singh Thapa join military? How old was he at

that time?
d. What are Amar Singh's major achievements?
e. What made him very sad?
5. Describe the third picture given in the lesson.

110 Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3

B. Balbhadra Kunwar

Balbhadra Kunwar is a national hero of Nepal. After
the Anglo-Nepal War of 1814–1816, he became very
famous. He was a captain in the Gorkhali Army
and the commander of the Gorkhali force at the
Battle of Nalapani.
Balbhadra Kunwar was born in Dhulikhel. His
father was Chandra Bir Kunwar. His maternal uncle
was Kaji Bhimsen Thapa, the first Prime Minister
of Nepal. Balbhadra Kunwar joined the military at an early age. During
the Anglo-Nepal War, Kunwar was in-charge of Nalapani fort. He had
built a very high fort. That fort was known as Khalanga fort. He had
about 600 fighters with him. They included women and children. From
the British side, General Gillespie was there with 3500 soldiers. Gillespie
had modern weapons like cannons and guns. But Nepali soldiers only
had khukuris and some guns.
Kunwar and his fighters fought bravely. British soldiers were afraid of
them. So Gillespie wrote a letter to Balbhadra asking him to surrender.
But Balbhadra did not agree. Rather he challenged the British soldiers.
The next morning a great battle followed. The British shot at Nepali
soldiers with guns and cannons. Nepali soldiers had only khukuris to
fight with. Still Nepali soldiers killed Gillespie.

Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3 111

After Gillespie was killed many more British soldiers came to Nalapani.
They cut off water supply to Nalapani. Then, Nepalis had to fight,
without food and water. So many Nepali soldiers were killed. At last,
only 70 Nepali people were left. Then, they left the battlefield.
But British soldiers were very impressed by the bravery of Balbhadra
Kunwar. After the war, the British East India Company erected a war
memorial at Nalapani to respect Gorkhalis and Balbhadra Kunwar.
They wrote: "as a tribute of respect for our gallant adversary Balbudder,
Commander of the fort and his brave Gorkhas."
Later, Balbhadra Kunwar gave up his job and joined the Punjab army.
He died in 1880 B.S.

Free the Words

commander : senior officer in the army
fort : a place or building where soldiers live
cannon : powerful gun
surrender : to stop fighting with enemy
battle : fight between armies
cut off : stop, to bring to an end
bravery : readiness to face danger
memorial : an object made to remember somebody from the past
tribute : respect
gallant : very brave
adversary : enemy, opponent

In-class Activities

What works can you do for the country?

a. ........................................................................................................

b. ........................................................................................................

c. ........................................................................................................

d. ........................................................................................................

112 Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3

Exercise

1. Tick (√) the correct answer.

a. Balbhadra Kunwar became famous:

i) after Anglo-Nepal war.

ii) before Anglo-Nepal war.

iii) before he joined the military.

b. Anglo-Nepal war was fought during:

i) 1814-16 AD ii) 1814-17 AD iii) 1815-18 AD

c. General Gillespie had about ...................... as many soldiers as
Balbhadra Kunwar.

i) four times ii) six times iii) five times

d. There were only .......................... Gorkhali fighters left at the
battlefield at last.

i) 10 ii) 70 iii) 100

e. Balbhadra Kunwar was in .................... before he died.

i) British Army ii) Gorkhali Army iii) Punjab Army

2. Answer these questions.
a. Where was Balbhadra born? Who were his father and mater-
nal uncle?
b. Where was he stationed during the Anglo-Nepal War?
c. Why did General Gillespie write a letter to Balbhadra?
d. What unfair things did British soldiers do during the war?
e. Why could not Nepali soldiers defeat British soldiers?
f. What did the East India Company write about Balbhadra in
the memorial?

Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3 113

C. Bhakti Thapa

Bhakti Thapa was born in Lamjung. He was a great
fighter. He fought bravely in the battle of Jumla. He
finally won it.

In the Anglo-Nepal War, Bhakti Thapa was the
commander of Deuthal. At that time Amar Singh
Thapa was the commander of Malaun. When the
British attacked Malaun, Bhakti Thapa went to help
him. But in his absence, the British took control of
Deuthal.

During the war, Bhakti Thapa was 71 years old. But he was brave and
energetic. He returned to Deuthal with 2000 soldiers to drive the British
army away. Then a big battle began between Nepali and British forces.
Many soldiers were killed on both sides. Suddenly, he was hit by a
bullet. Then he died. When the British soldiers found his dead body,
they wrapped it with a cloth and sent it to Kathmandu. Though he was
old, Bhakti Thapa never thought of anything but how to make Nepal big
and safe. He was a true hero.

Free the Words

energetic : having a lot of energy

wrap : cover

Exercise

1. Tick (√) the correct answer.

a. Bhakti Thapa was born in:

i) Kathmandu ii) Dhulikhel iii) Lamjung

b. Bhakti Thapa was the commander of ............................... in the
Anglo-Nepal War.

114 Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3

i) Dehradun ii) Deuthal iii) Malaun

c. Bhakti Thapa was .................. years old during the war.

i) 71 ii) 73 iii) 75

d. His dead body was sent to ............................ .

i) Kathmandu ii) Gorkha iii) Lamjung

2. Write T for true and F for false statements.

a. Lamjung was Bhakti Thapa's birth place.
b. Bhakti Thapa lost the battle of Jumla.
c. He was killed by a bullet.
d. He is a hero because he only thought about

himself.

3. Answer these questions.

a. Where was Bhakti Thapa stationed during Anglo-
Nepal War?

b. Why did British soldiers capture Deuthal?

c. What did British soldiers do with Bhakti Thapa’s
dead body?

d. Why is he a true hero of Nepal?

D. Rajendra Laxmi

Rajendra Laxmi is a very important person in
Nepali history. She continued the unification
process started by Prithvi Narayan Shah.

Rajendra Laxmi was the daughter of Sen King
of Palpa. She was born in 1810 BS. She was
married to King Pratap Singh Shah in 1822 BS
at Nuwakot Palace. She was 12 years old when
she was married.

King Pratap Singh Shah died in 1834 BS. Then her son, Rana Bahadur
Shah became the king. But he was very young, only two and a half years
old. So, Rajendra Laxmi began to rule in the name of her son, as a regent.

Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3 115

During her reign, she annexed many small states to the kingdom of
Nepal. Those small states were Lamjung, Kaski, Palpa, Parbat, Bhirkot,
Charikot, etc.
Rajendra Laxmi in 1842 B.S. During her short regency period of nine
years, Rajendra Laxmi contributed much to expand Nepal’s territory.

Free the Words

regent : a person who rules when a king or queen is too young or absent
reign : period of rule by a king or queen
annex : to take control of a territory

Exercise

1. Fill in the blanks.

a. Rajendra Laxmi ...................................... the unification process.
b. Rana Bahadur Shah was the son of king ................................... .
c. When Rana Bahadur Shah became king he was ........................ .

d. Rajendra Laxmi ruled for .................................................. years.

2. Tick (√) the correct answer.

a. Rajendra Laxmi was the daughter of ...................... .

i) Sen King of Palpa

ii) Malla King

iii) Abhiman Singh

b. When she was married she was .................... old.

i) 12 years ii) 16 years iii) 20 years

c. King Pratap Singh Shah died in:

i) 1834 BS ii) 1782 AD iii) 1822 BS
3. Answer these questions.

a. Who was Rajendra Laxmi?

b. Why did she have to rule as a regent?

c. Which states did she annex to the Kingdom of Nepal?

116 Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3

4. Match the following.

Bhakti Thapa • beginning of the unification campaign
Balabhadra Kunwar • regent
Rajendra Laxmi • commander of western front
Prithvi Narayan Shah • Malaun Fort
Amar Singh Thapa • Nalapani War

Projects for Unit Six

1. Find the oldest house in your community. Write a short
report exploring the history of that house. Ask the people
living in the house for information. Sketch the house if you
can. And show your report to the teacher and the owner of
that house.

2. Prepare a report about Amar Singh Thapa and Balbhadra
Kunwar. Paste pictures if possible or make sketches.

Amar Singh Thapa Balbhadra Kunwar

Born : .............................. Born : ..............................

Contribution :.................................... Contribution :....................................
.............................................................. ..............................................................
.............................................................. ..............................................................
.............................................................. ..............................................................
.............................................................. ..............................................................
........................................................... ..........................................................
Passed away :...................................... Passed away :....................................

Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3 117

Unit Revision

In this unit, we have learned that:

• history tells us what happened in the past.
• every person has a history; birth, death, migration, etc. are

aspects of one’s history.
• there are many great heroes who contributed to the history of

Nepal.
• Amar Singh Thapa, Balbhadra Kunwar, Bhakti Thapa, and

Rajendra Laxmi are some famous heroes.
• these heroes fought for the country and many of them sacrificed

their lives.
• we should learn from their lives and love our country.

Test Your Knowledge

1. What lesson can we learn from the following figures?

i) Balabhadra Kunwar .......................................................................

ii) Amar Singh Thapa .......................................................................

iii) Rajendra Laxmi .......................................................................

iv) Bhimsen Thapa .......................................................................

2. Answer these questions.

a) Who are national heroes?

b) Name the wars that our great warriors fought for us.

c) Who initiated the unification campaign?

d) What can be learnt from the past?
3. Write a letter to your friend describing the lessons you learnt

after reading Social Studies.
4. There might be someone in your community who had

contributed a lot to your village. Talk to your parents or
teachers and write their names along with their contributions.

Name of Persons Contributions

5. If you had to choose one of the national heroes, who would
that be? Make a short profile of him/her.

118 Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3

Unit Our Economic
Activities
7

In this unit, we will :

• learn about people’s work and professions.
• be able to understand the importance of work.
• be able to appreciate people’s work.
• learn that no work is less important; we should respect every work.
• learn the importance of money; and learn to spend it wisely.
• learn the importance of using local products.
• be able to identify various economic activities taking place in the

community.

Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3 119

Lesson Every Work is
Important
7.1

Pre-reading Activities

What kind of work do you want to do when you grow up? Why do
you like that kind of work? Is there any work you would rather not
do? Why?

Reading

In a village of England, there
lived doctors, farmers, cobblers
and teachers. But each thought
that only their work was the
best and most important. "What
if the farmers grow crops? We
are doctors. If we don't treat sick
people they will die," doctors
said of farmers. "What if they are
doctors, if we do not grow crops,
they will die of hunger," farmers
said of doctors. "If we don't make
shoes, what will they wear?"
cobblers said of others. "Our work
is the best, if we don't teach, how will doctors come out? Where will the
children go to learn?" teachers said. In this way, they hated each other.
Once, the whole lot of farmers fell ill. Their children began to die. Crops
stopped being produced. Doctors, teachers and cobblers didn't get
anything to eat. Children could not go to school with hungry stomachs.

120 Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3

Cobblers' families also suffered. In
the end, farmers requested doctors
to treat them. Doctors had come to
know how hard it was to live with
scarcity of food. Then the doctors
treated the farmers. Farmers
recovered. They began to grow
crops. Then everyone could eat.
Everything began to be all right.
Since then, all the people of that village have lived helping each other.
They respect each others' work.

In our society, people do different works.
Some work in the field and grow crops.
They are farmers. Those who build walls of
buildings are masons. Those who drive buses
are drivers. And people who stitch clothes are
tailors. Our society depends on the works of
all these people. If tailors don't stitch clothes,
what will we wear? If drivers do not drive
vehicles, how will we travel from one place
to another?

We must respect each other's work. If we think
of one occupation as better than another, then
we will be in a situation like that of the story
of the English village.

Free the Words

crops : grains such as maize, wheat, rice

recover : to become well

respect : to admire, to love

occupation : job, profession

Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3 121

In-class Activities

Write what these people's jobs are. One is done, for example.
e.g. I sweep and clean streets and parks.
I am a sweeper.
a. I work in the farm. I grow crops.
I am ............................................................................ .
b. I stitch clothes. I make suits.
................................................................................... .
c. I drive buses and trucks.
...............................................................................................
d. I make and repair shoes.
...............................................................................................
e. I look after herds of animals.
...............................................................................................
f. I make furniture like chairs, tables, bookshelves, etc.
...............................................................................................

Exercise

1. State True or False against each statement below.
a. In the story, doctors and farmers respected each
other.
b. Problem started when farmers fell sick.
c. People in the society do different kinds of work.
d. Health of the society depends on people doing
different jobs.
e. We do not need to respect each other's work.

122 Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3

2. Answer these questions.
a. What did doctors say of farmers?
b. What did teachers say about themselves?
c. What happened when the farmers fell sick?
d. Who are masons?
e. What happens if tailors do not make clothes?
f. What happens if drivers do not drive vehicles?

3. Write what the following people in your family do?
a. Father
........................................................................................................
b. Mother
........................................................................................................
c. Uncle
........................................................................................................
d. Maternal uncle
..................................................................................................

4. Write five different types of work people in your community
do.
a. ............................................. b. ............................................
c. ............................................. d. ...............................................

5. Given below is the type of work that you like the most.
Complete it using correct word(s).
I like ................................. very much. It is because .............................
............ . For this work I need .................................................... .

Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3 123

Lesson Spend Less, Save
for Future
7.2

Pre-reading Activities

Imagine that you got Rs. 1000 as a birthday gift. How would you
spend it? Tell the class what you would buy and why.

Reading

Pramod Sharma worked
in a bank. He earned good
salary. So, he rented a flat
for his family in New Road.
He bought whatever his
children demanded: toys,
firecrackers, junk food. His
children were happy with
him. When they asked him
for money, he would say,
"How much do you need?
Rs. 500? or 1000?" He gave
them money like peanuts.
This way, Pramod would
finish up all his salary. In
the first week of the month,
he would have no money. He would have to borrow from friends. One
day his wife fell seriously ill. She had a heart problem. He took her to
a hospital. The doctor said he had to arrange one hundred thousand

124 Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3

rupees. Pramod hadn't saved up a single penny. He went out of the
hospital in search of money. When he returned, his wife was dead.
If you spend like Pramod Sharma, your life may be unhappy. Though
we may earn a lot, we have to spend carefully and save for the future.
As a student, you get some money from parents. They give you money
to buy snacks and tiffin. They give you money to buy books and pencils.
You have to spend money only on useful things like books, pencils,
crayons, notebooks, etc.
You also get money from elders and relatives during festivals like
Dashain and Tihar. You should use that money wisely.
First, you should decide what things are very essential for you. For
example, for a student, books, pencils, bag, note-books are very essential.
So a student should spend for these objects first. Whatever remains,
should be saved for future.

Free the Words

salary : regular payment given to people who work
firecrackers : the toys that explode with loud noise
junk food : prepared food that is not good for your health
borrow : to take something from others for some time
penny : paisa
crayon : a stick of coloured wax that is used for drawing
essential : very necessary

In-class Activities

Write a paragraph about how you spent the money you had received
from your parents and relatives. Read out in the class.

Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3 125

Exercise

1. Fill in the blanks with right words.
a. Pramod Sharma spent ................... than he earned. (more/less)
b. He had to .................................. money from friends every
month. (lend/borrow)
c. Pramod lost his wife because of his ................ . (overspending/
saving).
d. Even if we earn enough we............................ spend carelessly.
(should/should not)
e. We should buy only ............................... things. (essential/all)

2. State True or False against each statement below.
a. Pramod Sharma earned enough money.
b. He didn't give his children much money to spend.
c. Pramod Sharma was poor.
d. We should spend our parents' money wisely.
e. For a student, books, pencils, bags, etc. are essen-
tial things.
f. We should save for future.

3. Answer these questions.
a. What would Pramod Sharma buy for his children?
b. Why did he have to borrow money from his friends every
month?
c. Why couldn't Pramod save his wife's life?
d. On what objects should a student spend money?
e. What are the essential things for a student?
f. Why should you save?

126 Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3

Lesson

7.3 They Live on Their
Own Products

Pre-reading Activities

Make a list of things you have at home or at school. Then, find out
where they were made. Fill in the table below.

Things Made in Nepal Not made in Nepal

Now, talk to your teacher about the importance of using local
products.

Reading

There's a village in Dolakha.
It is known as Mati. In Mati,
the villagers have made a
rule to increase the use of
local goods. The rule is that
as long as there are village
products, no villager can
use things made somewhere

Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3 127

else. When the leader of this
campaign announced this
rule to the villagers, they
were surprised. "How can it
be possible? Sometimes our
children want to eat chau-chau."
But the rule has worked. The
villagers use the products made
in their own village as much as
possible.

In Mati, they produce different things. They make gundri (straw mat),
beds, wicker baskets (doko, thunche) ropes, etc. Many of the villagers are
farmers. They use these objects. Some of the villagers have done animal
farming. Manoj Pulami has ten buffaloes and five cows in his farm. He
makes whey, curd, ghee from the milk and sells them to the villagers.
The villagers are happy. "He sells at reasonable price," they say. Manoj's
wife is also hard-working. She weaves dhakatopi. This year she sold about
100 topis to the villagers.

Dan Bahadur grows radish, potatoes, brinjals, onions in his field. First he
sells his vegetables in his own village. Only if all the vegetables are not
sold out, he sends them to town.

"We have everything available here. We do not need to depend on big
towns for anything. We produce what we need ourselves," Dan Bahadur
says.

Free the Words

products : things grown or made for sale, use
compaign : a task done to achieve something
announce : to make known to the people
reasonable : not very expensive

In-class Activities

Make a list of things produced in your village or town. Then, write
what will happen if these things are not produced.

128 Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3

Exercise

1. Fill in the blanks.
a. Mati village is in ................................................. district.
b. The rule in that village is people have to use ..................... as
long as they are available.
c. Villagers use their own products as ................................. .
d. Manoj Pulami has ........................................... in his farm.
e. Dan Bahadur grows ........................................................ .

2. State 'True' or 'False' against each statement below.
a. Villagers in Mati have made a rule to increase the
use of local goods.
b. Villagers did not accept the rule.
c. All the villagers are hard working.
d. Vegetables grown in the village are sold only to
the local people.
e. In the end, all the villagers are happy.

3. Answer these questions.
a. What is the rule in Mati village?
b. List six things the villagers in Mati produce.
c. What does Manoj Pulami make?
d. How many dhakatopis did Manoj's wife sell this year?
e. What does Dan Bahadur grow in his field?

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Lesson

7.4 Nepali Goods First

Pre-reading Activities

Read the conversation between two shoppers.

Shopper A : Do you know? I bought this honey, manufactured
in Thailand.

Shopper B : But, I prefer to buy goods produced in Nepal.
Shopper A
: Sounds funny! Foreign goods look so nice; they
are expensive too.

Shopper B : But, if we buy Nepali goods, it will help our
economy grow.

Which shopper do you think is right? Whose views would you
support and why?

130 Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3

Reading

In towns and cities life is different. There is not enough farmland to grow
crops like paddy and wheat. Towns and cities are full of houses, roads
and vehicles. So we have to buy almost everything. We have to buy rice,
cereals and vegetables. How should we do it?

In towns too, many things can be produced. Many factories are opened.
Incense factory produces incense sticks which we use while offering
worships in temples. Soap factories produce soaps which we use in
washing and taking baths. There are dairies, biscuit factories and garment
factories. They produce dairy products, biscuits and clothes. Furniture
factory produces tables, chairs, etc. As far as possible, we have to use
things produced in our own towns.
These days, many things are produced in Nepal. TV set, pressure cooker,
cloths, etc. First we have to look for things produced in Nepal. If they
are not available, then only we should buy foreign goods. Buying Nepali
goods helps to make our own country rich. If we buy foreign goods, our
money will go to the foreign country. Our country will not get benefit.

Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3 131

Free the Words

cereals : food grains
incense : small sticks that give pleasant smell when burnt (dhup)
available : that can be obtained, used
foreign : from another country
goods : things for sale such as clothes, oil, etc.

In-class Activities

Here are things which we use. List them under the appropriate
heading below.

incense sticks, TV set, refrigerator, soap, plastic buckets, mobile
phones, hand-knit sweater, cot, chairs, table, computer, washing
machine, school bags, cheese, ghee, bus, car, motorbike, rug, candles

Things produced in our own Things imported from
country other countries

Exercise

1. Fill in the blanks.
a. Life in town is .......................... (hard/easy).
b. Towns are full of ..................... (houses, vehicles/field, pastures).

132 Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3

c. ......................... (Factories/Farms) are found more in towns
than in villages.

d. As far as possible, we have to use ....................... (domestic/
foreign) goods.

e. Buying ............................... (Nepali goods/foreign goods) helps
to make .......................... (our/ foreign) country rich.

2. State True or False against the following statements.
a. Life in town is hard because we have to buy
almost everything.
b. Biscuits, incense sticks, sugar and furniture are
produced in towns.
c. If we use things produced in our own towns, our
town will be poorer.
d. If we buy foreign goods, our money will go to
foreign country.
e. Buying domestic goods helps the country become rich.

3. Answer these questions.
a. When do we use incense sticks?
b. What do soap factories produce?
c. When should we buy foreign goods?
d. What happens when we buy foreign goods?

4. Get a soap from the shop and fill up the following.

a. Name of soap ...............................................................................

b. Made in .........................................................................................

c. Name of company .......................................................................

d. Is there symbol or not ............................................................

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Projects for Unit Seven

1. Complete the table below.

Things that you Things that are Things you have
require at home available in your to get from other

own country countries

On the basis of the information above, prepare a short report and show
it to your teacher.

2. Prepare your family's monthly income and expenditure chart
and then show it to your teacher.

Income Expenses

Father's work.................................... Food Rs. ................................
Mother's work.................................... House rent.............................
House rent (if any)........................... Education..............................
From shops/business...................... Dress/clothes.......................
Transportation.....................
Entertainment.....................

Is your family saving enough? What should your family do if it is

not making good saving? Write.

Unit Revision

In this unit, we have learned that:

• every work is important and we must respect each other's work.
• we must make wise use of money.
• we must give more priority to our local products.
• buying Nepali products helps to make our country rich.

134 Oasis Social Studies & Creative Arts-3

Test Your Knowledge

1. What do you call these people?

Work People
Grows crops Farmer
Checks patients .......................................
Teaches in a school .......................................
Looks after cattle .......................................
Works in an office .......................................
Makes furniture .......................................
Stitches clothes .......................................

2. Name the major products of your community.

3. Draw a picture of dhakatopi and colour it.

4. Answer these questions.

a) Why is every work equal and important?
b) Why should we not spend unnecessarily?
c) Why should we use goods produced locally?
d) What is cheese made up of?

5. Make a list of objects found at your home. Find out where
each object is made.

6. Write what major works the people of Terai, Hilly and
Himalayan region do.
i) Terai ..................................................................................................
ii) Hilly ..................................................................................................
iii) Himalayan........................................................................................

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