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2. ‡æ◊ËÕπ‰¡à™à«¬∑”ß“π

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4. ‡æ◊ËÕπ™Õ∫π‘π∑“

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‡«≈“‡®Õªí≠À“´—∫´âÕπ „Àâ∫Õ°µ—«‡Õß«à“†
††† π’˧◊Õ∫∑‡√’¬π∑’Ë®– √â“ߪí≠≠“‰¥âÕ¬à“ß«‘‡»…
†††† † ‡«≈“‡®Õ§«“¡∑ÿ°¢åÀπ—° „Àâ∫Õ°µ—«‡Õß«à“†
††††† π’˧◊Õ·∫∫Ωñ°À—¥∑’Ë®–™à«¬„À⇰‘¥∑—°…–„π°“√¥”‡π‘π™’«‘µ††
†††† ‡«≈“‡®Õπ“¬®Õ¡≈–‡¡’¬¥ „Àâ∫Õ°µ—«‡Õß«à“†
††††† π’˧◊Õ°“√Ωñ°µπ„À⇪ìπ§π ¡∫√Ÿ ≥å·∫∫ (Perfectionist)
†††† † ‡«≈“‡®Õ§”µ”Àπ‘ „Àâ∫Õ°µ—«‡Õß«à“†
††††† π’˧◊Õ°“√™’È¢ÿ¡∑√—æ¬å¡À“ ¡∫—µ‘ †
†††† ‡«≈“‡®Õ§”π‘π∑“ „Àâ∫Õ°µ—«‡Õß«à“†
††††† π’˧◊Õ°“√ –∑âÕπ«à“‡√“¬—ߧ߇ªìπ§π∑’Ë¡’§«“¡À¡“¬ ††††† †

‡«≈“‡®Õ§«“¡º‘¥À«—ß „Àâ∫Õ°µ—«‡Õß«à“†
††††† π’˧◊Õ«‘∏’∑’Ë∏√√¡™“µ‘°”≈—ß √â“ß¿¡Ÿ ‘§âÿ¡°—π„Àâ°—∫™’«‘µ
††††† † ‡«≈“‡®Õ§«“¡ªÉ«¬‰¢â „Àâ∫Õ°µ—«‡Õß«à“†
††††† π’˧◊Õ°“√‡µ◊Õπ„Àâ‡ÀÁπ§≥ÿ §à“¢Õß°“√√—°…“ ¢ÿ ¿“æ„À⥒
††††† † ‡«≈“‡®Õ§«“¡æ≈—¥æ√“° „Àâ∫Õ°µ—«‡Õß«à“†
††††† π’˧◊Õ∫∑‡√’¬π¢Õß°“√√⟮—°À¬—¥¬◊π¥â«¬¢“µ—«‡Õß
††††† † ‡«≈“‡®Õ·øπ∑‘Èß „Àâ∫Õ°µ—«‡Õß«à“†
††††† π’˧◊Õ§«“¡‡ªìπÕπ‘®®—ß∑’Ë∑°ÿ ™’«‘µ¡’‚Õ°“ æ“πæ∫
††††† † ‡«≈“‡®Õ§π∑’Ë„™à·µà‡¢“¡’§àŸ·≈â« „Àâ∫Õ°µ—«‡Õß«à“†
††††† π’˧◊Õª√–®—°…å欓π«à“‰¡à¡’„§√‰¥â∑ÿ°Õ¬à“ߥ—Ëß„®À«—ß
††††† † ‡«≈“‡®Õ§π°≈‘Èß°–≈àÕπ „Àâ∫Õ°µ—«‡Õß«à“†
††††† π’˧◊ÕÕ∑ÿ “À√≥å¢Õß™’«‘µ∑’ˉ¡àπà“‡®√‘≠√Õ¬µ“¡
†††† † ‡«≈“‡®Õ§π‡≈« „Àâ∫Õ°µ—«‡Õß«à“†
†††† π’˧◊Õµ—«Õ¬à“ߢÕß™’«‘µ∑’ˉ¡àæ÷ߪ√– ß§å

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‡«≈“‡®ÕÕ∫ÿ —µ‘‡Àµÿ „Àâ∫Õ°µ—«‡Õß«à“†
††††† π’˧◊Õ§”‡µ◊Õπ«à“®ßÕ¬à“ª√–¡“∑´È”Õ’°‡ªìπÕ—π¢“¥
††††† † ‡«≈“‡®Õ»—µ√Ÿ§Õ¬°≈—Ëπ·°≈âß „Àâ∫Õ°µ—«‡Õß«à“†
††††† π’˧◊Õ∫∑∑¥ Õ∫∑’Ë«à“ ç¡“√‰¡à¡’∫“√¡’‰¡à‡°‘¥é
††††† ‡«≈“‡®Õ«‘°ƒµ „Àâ∫Õ°µ—«‡Õß«à“†
††† π’˧◊Õ∫∑æ‘ ®Ÿ πå —®∏√√¡ ç„π«‘°ƒµ¬àÕ¡¡’‚Õ°“ é
††††† † ‡«≈“‡®Õ§«“¡®π „Àâ∫Õ°µ—«‡Õß«à“†
††††† π’˧◊Õ«‘∏’∑’Ë∏√√¡™“µ‘‡ªî¥‚Õ°“ „Àâ‡√“‰¥âµàՠ⟙’«‘µ
††††† † ‡«≈“‡®Õ§«“¡µ“¬ „Àâ∫Õ°µ—«‡Õß«à“†
††††† π’˧◊Õ©“° ¥ÿ ∑⓬∑’Ë®–∑”„Àâ™’«‘µ¡’§«“¡ ¡∫√Ÿ ≥å†

·ºπ°“√®¥— °®‘ °√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈°—  µŸ √·°π°≈“ß°“√»÷°…“¢—πÈ æπ◊È ∞“π æ∑ÿ ∏»—°√“™ 2551

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1.  “√– ”§—≠

°“√‡ªìπª√–™“§¡Õ“‡´’¬π (ASEAN Community) ®”‡ªìπÕ¬à“߬‘Ëß∑’Ëπ—°‡√’¬π®–µâÕ߇ªìπ§π
∑’Ë¡’§«“¡√Õ∫√Ÿâ∑—πµàÕ‡Àµÿ°“√≥å  “¡“√∂§âπÀ“§«“¡√âŸ∑’Ë∑—π ¡—¬¥â«¬«‘∏’°“√∑’ËÀ≈“°À≈“¬·≈–„™â‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’
„À⇰‘¥ª√–‚¬™πåµàÕµπ‡Õ߉¥â‡ªìπÕ¬à“ߥ’ √⟮—°°“√∑”ß“π√à«¡°—π √Ÿâ®—°§‘¥ °≈â“· ¥ßÕÕ° ·≈–‡ªî¥„®√—∫øíß
§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ¢ÕߺŸâÕ◊Ëπ ≈—°…≥–¥—ß°≈à“«®–™à«¬∑”„Àâ‡√“‰¥â‡√’¬π√⟠‘Ëßµà“ß Ê √Õ∫µ—«‰¥â¡“°¢÷Èπ

2. ®ÿ¥ª√– ß§å™—Èπªï

3.4.1 · «ßÀ“·≈–„™â¢âÕ¡≈Ÿ „À⇪ìπª√–‚¬™πåµàÕµπ‡Õß·≈–ºâŸÕ◊Ëπ

3. ®ÿ¥ª√– ß§å°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ

3.1 §âπÀ“¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ·≈–√«∫√«¡¢âÕ¡≈Ÿ „π¥â“π°“√»÷°…“ Õ“™’æ ·≈–°“√æ—≤π“µπ‡Õß
®“°·À≈àߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈µà“ß Ê ¥â«¬«‘∏’°“√∑’ËÀ≈“°À≈“¬‰¥â

3.2 ·≈°‡ª≈’ˬπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¥â“π°“√»÷°…“ ¥â“πÕ“™’æ ·≈–¥â“π°“√æ—≤π“µπ°—∫ºâŸÕ◊Ëπ„π°“√°â“«‡¢â“ àŸ
ª√–™“§¡Õ“‡´’¬π‰¥â

3.3 „™â¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¥â“π°“√»÷°…“ ¥â“πÕ“™’æ·≈–¥â“π°“√æ—≤π“µπ„À⇪ìπª√–‚¬™πåµàÕµπ‡Õß·≈–ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ
„π°“√°â“«‡¢â“ àŸª√–™“§¡Õ“‡´’¬π‰¥â

4. °‘®°√√¡°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ

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4.1  π∑π“°—∫π—°‡√’¬π‡°’ˬ«°—∫·À≈àߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’Ëπ—°‡√’¬π„™â»÷°…“§âπ§«â“ ·≈â« àÿ¡∂“¡π—°‡√’¬π
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4.2 §√Ÿ·≈–π—°‡√’¬π√à«¡°—πÕ¿‘ª√“¬∂÷ß·À≈àߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’Ëπ—°‡√’¬π„™â»÷°…“§âπ§«â“¥â“π°“√»÷°…“
Õ“™’æ ·≈–°“√æ—≤π“µπ

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À√◊Õ·À≈à߇√’¬π√⟵à“ß Ê „π‚√߇√’¬πÀ√◊Õ™ÿ¡™π∑’ˇªìπª√–‚¬™πåµàÕ°“√»÷°…“ Õ“™’æ ·≈–°“√æ—≤π“µπ
·≈–π”¡“æŸ¥§¬ÿ °—∫‡æ◊ËÕπ∂÷ß “√–∑’Ëπà“ π„®„π™—Ë«‚¡ßµàÕ‰ª

4.4 §√Ÿ™’Ȫ√–‡¥Áπ„Àâπ—°‡√’¬π‡ÀÁπ«à“°“√‡ªìπª√–™“°√„πª√–™“§¡Õ“‡´’¬π ®”‡ªìπµâÕß°â“«∑—π
‡Àµÿ°“√≥å À√◊Õ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√µà“ß Ê

™—Ë«‚¡ß∑’Ë 2
4.5 π—°‡√’¬π√à«¡°—π∑∫∑«π∂÷ß°‘®°√√¡°“√‡√’¬π√⟄π™—Ë«‚¡ß∑’Ë·≈â«
4.6 π—°‡√’¬π‡ª≈’ˬπ°≈àÿ¡„À¡à ·≈â«√à«¡°—π查§ÿ¬·≈°‡ª≈’ˬπ°—∫‡æ◊ËÕπ°≈àÿ¡„À¡à∂÷ß “√–
∑πË’ “à  π„®¢ÕߢÕâ ¡≈Ÿ ®“°·À≈ßà ¢Õâ ¡≈Ÿ À√Õ◊ ·À≈ßà ‡√¬’ π√µâŸ “à ß Ê „π‚√߇√¬’ π À√Õ◊ ™¡ÿ ™π∑‡Ë’ ªπì ª√–‚¬™πµå Õà °“√»°÷ …“
Õ“™’æ ·≈–°“√æ—≤π“µπ∑’ˉª ◊∫§âπ¡“
4.7 π—°‡√’¬π·µà≈–°≈àÿ¡√à«¡°—πÕ¿‘ª√“¬µ“¡ª√–‡¥Áπ„π„∫ß“π ‡√◊ËÕß §π‡°àß„πª√–™“§¡Õ“‡´’¬π
·≈– àßµ—«·∑π𔇠πÕ
4.8 π—°‡√’¬π»÷°…“„∫§«“¡√⟠‡√◊ËÕß §π‡°àß„πª√–™“§¡Õ“‡´’¬π
4.9 π—°‡√’¬π√à«¡°—π √ÿªª√–‚¬™πå¢Õß°“√√Ÿâ®—° ◊∫§âπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈·≈–„™â¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈®“°·À≈àߢâÕ¡Ÿ≈
À√◊Õ·À≈à߇√’¬π√Ÿâ‡æ◊ËÕæ—≤π“µπ‡Õß„À⇪ìπ§π‡°àß„πª√–™“§¡Õ“‡´’¬π

5.  ◊ËÕ/Õÿª°√≥å/·À≈à߇√’¬π√Ÿâ

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5.2 „∫§«“¡√Ÿâ ‡√◊ËÕß §π‡°àß„πª√–™“§¡Õ“‡´’¬π

6. °“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈

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µ√«®„∫ß“π ‡√◊ËÕß §π‡°àß„πª√–™“§¡Õ“‡´’¬π

6.2 ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õª√–‡¡‘π -

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6.3 ‡°≥±å°“√ª√–‡¡‘π

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𔇠πÕ‰¥â 3-4 ¢âÕ √–¥—∫§≥ÿ ¿“æ æÕ„™â

𔇠πÕ‰¥â 1-2 ¢âÕ √–¥—∫§≥ÿ ¿“æ ª√—∫ª√ÿß

7. ·À≈àß»÷°…“§âπ§«â“‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ ”À√—∫§√Ÿ

http://info.spu.ac.th/content/437/18251.php

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2. °“√‡¢â“ àŸª√–™“§¡Õ“‡´’¬π àߺ≈„Àâ ¿“栗ߧ¡√Õ∫µ—«‡√“¡’≈—°…≥–
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π—∫‡ªìπ· π§πÕ¬àŸ·≈â« ¬—ß®–¡’∫—≥±‘µ®“°‡æ◊ËÕπ°≈àÿ¡ª√–™“§¡Õ“‡´’¬π¡“ ¡—§√·¢àßÕ’° ∂Ⓡªìπ‡™àππ’È
À“°‡√“‡ªìπ‡®â“¢Õß°‘®°“√† ‡®â“¢Õß∫√‘…—∑ ‡®â“¢ÕßÕߧå°√ ·πàπÕπ∑’Ë®–µâÕ߇≈◊Õ°‡Õ“§π‡°àß∑’Ë ÿ¥ Õ¬à“ßπâÕ¬
‡¢“§ß®–§—¥‡≈◊Õ°®“°

1. „§√楟 ‰¥âÀ≈“¬¿“…“... ◊ËÕ “√‰¥â¡“°°«à“°—π
2. „§√¡’«‘π—¬ (‡™àπ µ√߇«≈“ Õ¥∑π ¢¬—π ÕàÕππâÕ¡ ´◊ËÕ —µ¬å) ¥’°«à“°—π
3. „§√¡’∫ÿ§≈‘°≈—°…≥– (Personality) ¥’°«à“°—π
4. „§√§≈àÕß·§≈à« «àÕ߉« (Active) ¡“°°«à“°—π
5. „§√¡’§«“¡µ◊Ëπµ—« (Alert) ¡’§«“¡æ√âÕ¡∑’Ë®–√—∫‡Àµÿ°“√≥å„π∑°ÿ  ∂“π°“√≥å¡“°°«à“°—π
6. ‚¥¬‡©æ“– IT „§√„™âß“π‰¥â¡“°°«à“°—π

·ºπ°“√®—¥°®‘ °√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈—° µŸ √·°π°≈“ß°“√»÷°…“¢πÈ— æÈ◊π∞“π æÿ∑∏»°— √“™ 2551

152 ™—Èπ¡—∏¬¡»°÷ …“ª∑ï Ë’ 3

‡√ÕË◊ ß  √“â ß ¢ÿ §≈“¬∑°ÿ ¢å

‡«≈“ 2 ™—Ë«‚¡ß

1.  “√– ”§—≠

§«“¡ ÿ¢„π™’«‘µ¢Õߧπ‡√“Õ¬àŸ∑’˧«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√§‘¥·µà‡√◊ËÕߥ’ Ê ∑’Ë°àÕ„À⇰‘¥ª√–‚¬™πå
µàÕµπ‡Õß ·≈–∑”„À⮑µ„® ß∫  ∫“¬ ‡¡◊ËÕ‡√“ “¡“√∂§‘¥‰¥â·µà‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ë¥’®– àߺ≈„Àâ‡√“‡ªìπ§π¡’§«“¡ ÿ¢
‡æ◊ËÕπ Ê Õ¬“°§∫À“ ¡“§¡¥â«¬ ‡¡◊ËÕµâÕß∑”ß“π√à«¡°—∫„§√®–∑”ß“π‰¥â‡ªìπÕ¬à“ߥ’

2. ®ÿ¥ª√– ß§å™—Èπªï

3.4.2  √â“ߧ«“¡ ÿ¢„Àâ·°àµπ‡Õß·≈–ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ

3. ®ÿ¥ª√– ß§å°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ

3.1 √–∫«ÿ ‘∏’°“√À“§«“¡ ¢ÿ „Àâ·°àµπ‡Õß·≈–ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ‰¥â
3.2 ‡≈◊Õ°«‘∏’°“√ √â“ߧ«“¡ ¢ÿ ∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡„Àâ·°àµπ‡Õß·≈–ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ‰¥â
3.3 ªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡«‘∏’°“√ √â“ߧ«“¡ ÿ¢∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡„Àâ·°àµπ‡Õß·≈–ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ‰¥â

4. °‘®°√√¡°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ

™—Ë«‚¡ß∑’Ë 1
4.1 §√Ÿ‡ªî¥‡æ≈ß ç ÿ¢°—π‡∂Õ–‡√“é „Àâπ—°‡√’¬πøíß ·≈–√à«¡°—πÕ¿‘ª√“¬∂÷ß™’«‘µ∑’Ë¡’§«“¡ ÿ¢
„𧫓¡À¡“¬·≈–§«“¡§‘¥¢Õßπ—°‡√’¬π«à“‡ªìπÕ¬à“߉√
4.2 π—°‡√’¬πÕà“π∫∑§«“¡ §«“¡ ÿ¢...§«“¡ ”‡√Á® ®“°π—Èπ√à«¡°—πÕ¿‘ª√“¬∂÷߇π◊ÈÕÀ“
¢Õß∫∑§«“¡‡°’ˬ«°—∫§«“¡ ÿ¢
4.3 π—°‡√’¬π·µà≈–§π∑”„∫ß“π ‡√◊ËÕß §«“¡ ÿ¢¢Õߢâ“懮â“
4.4 π—°‡√’¬π·∫àß°≈ÿà¡ Ê ≈– 5-6 §π ·µà≈–§π·≈°‡ª≈’ˬπ‡≈à“‡√◊ËÕß §«“¡ ÿ¢¢Õߢâ“懮â“
®“°„∫ß“π
4.5 ¡Õ∫À¡“¬„Àâπ—°‡√’¬π·µà≈–°≈àÿ¡ ™à«¬°—π‡¢’¬π∫∑§«“¡‡√◊ËÕß  √â“ß ÿ¢„Àâ™’«‘µ ‚¥¬Õ“®π”
·π«§‘¥®“°∫∑§«“¡∑’ËÕà“π®“°Àπ—ß ◊ÕÕ◊Ëπ Ê ™à«¬°—𧑥¢÷Èπ¡“„À¡àÀ√◊Õ ◊∫§âπ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ
∫∑§«“¡ ¡∫√Ÿ ≥å∑’Ë ÿ¥

·ºπ°“√®¥— °‘®°√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈—° Ÿµ√·°π°≈“ß°“√»°÷ …“¢Èπ— æπ◊È ∞“π æ∑ÿ ∏»°— √“™ 2551

™π—È ¡∏— ¬¡»÷°…“ªï∑’Ë 3 153

™—Ë«‚¡ß∑’Ë 2
4.6 π—°‡√’¬π√à«¡°—π∑∫∑«π°‘®°√√¡°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ„π™—Ë«‚¡ß∑’Ë·≈â«
4.7 π—°‡√’¬π‡¢â“°≈ÿࡇ¥‘¡·≈– àßµ—«·∑π𔇠πÕ∫∑§«“¡‡√◊ËÕß  √â“ß ¢ÿ „Àâ™’«‘µ 楟 Àπâ“™—Èπ
4.8 π—°‡√’¬π√à«¡°—πÕ¿‘ª√“¬«‘∏’°“√ √â“ß ÿ¢„Àâ™’«‘µ ™à«¬°—π √ÿª‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡«à“ °“√„™â™’«‘µ„Àâ¡’
§«“¡ ¢ÿ ππÈ— µÕâ ߧ¥‘ ∂ß÷ ·µªà ®í ®∫ÿ π— «“à ¢≥–π‡È’ √“µÕâ ß∑”Õ–‰√ Õ¬°àŸ ∫— ∑πË’ ·Ë’ ≈–‡¥¬Î’ «πÈ’ ‰¡Àà ¡°¡πÿà Õ¬°Ÿà ∫— Õ¥µ’ ∑¢Ë’ ¡¢πË◊
‰√⧫“¡ ÿ¢ ·≈–®–‰¡àΩíπ‡øóòÕß°—∫Õ𓧵∑’ˬ—ß¡“‰¡à∂÷ß·≈–‰¡à¡’‚Õ°“ ‡ªìπ‰ª‰¥â
4.9 π—°‡√’¬π·µà≈–§π∑”„∫ß“π ‡√◊ËÕß «‘∏’ √â“ß ¢ÿ ‰√â∑°ÿ ¢å¢Õß©—π
4.10 π—°‡√’¬π√à«¡°—πÕà“π∫∑°≈Õ𠧫“¡ ¢ÿ ¢Õß™’«‘µ ‡ªìπ°“√ √ªÿ

5.  ◊ËÕ/Õÿª°√≥å/·À≈à߇√’¬π√Ÿâ

5.1 ‡æ≈ß  ¢ÿ °—π‡∂Õ–‡√“
5.2 ∫∑§«“¡ §«“¡ ¢ÿ ...§«“¡ ”‡√Á®
5.3 „∫ß“π ‡√◊ËÕß §«“¡ ÿ¢¢Õߢâ“懮â“
5.4 „∫ß“π ‡√◊ËÕß «‘∏’ √â“ß ÿ¢ ‰√â∑°ÿ ¢å¢Õß©—π
5.5 ∫∑°≈Õ𠧫“¡ ¢ÿ ¢Õß™’«‘µ

6. °“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈

6.1 «‘∏’ª√–‡¡‘π
6.1.1 µ√«®„∫ß“π
6.1.2  √ÿª√–¥—∫§≥ÿ ¿“æ°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π√“¬∫ÿ§§≈

6.2 ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õª√–‡¡‘π
·∫∫∫—π∑÷°√–¥—∫§≥ÿ ¿“æ°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π√“¬∫§ÿ §≈

6.3 ‡°≥±å°“√ª√–‡¡‘π
6.3.1 „∫ß“π ‡√◊ËÕß §«“¡ ÿ¢¢Õߢâ“懮â“
∫Õ°‡√◊ËÕß∑’ˇªì𧫓¡ ¢ÿ ‰¥â 3 ¢âÕ √–¥—∫§ÿ≥¿“æ ¥’
∫Õ°‡√◊ËÕß∑’ˇªì𧫓¡ ¢ÿ ‰¥â 2 ¢âÕ √–¥—∫§≥ÿ ¿“æ æÕ„™â
∫Õ°‡√◊ËÕß∑’ˇªì𧫓¡ ¢ÿ ‰¥â 1 ¢âÕ √–¥—∫§≥ÿ ¿“æ ª√—∫ª√ÿß

·ºπ°“√®¥— °®‘ °√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈°—  µŸ √·°π°≈“ß°“√»÷°…“¢—Èπæπ◊È ∞“π æÿ∑∏»°— √“™ 2551

154 ™π—È ¡∏— ¬¡»÷°…“ª∑ï ’Ë 3

6.3.2 „∫ß“π ‡√◊ËÕß «‘∏’ √â“ß ÿ¢ ‰√â∑ÿ°¢å¢Õß©—π √–¥—∫§ÿ≥¿“æ ¥’
¡’¢âÕ¡≈Ÿ 4 ¢âÕ √–¥—∫§≥ÿ ¿“æ æÕ„™â
¡’¢âÕ¡≈Ÿ 2-3 ¢âÕ √–¥—∫§ÿ≥¿“æ ª√—∫ª√ÿß
¡’¢âÕ¡≈Ÿ 1 ¢âÕ

7. ·À≈àß»÷°…“§âπ§«â“‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ ”À√—∫§√Ÿ

-

·ºπ°“√®—¥°‘®°√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈—° µŸ √·°π°≈“ß°“√»÷°…“¢πÈ— æÈ◊π∞“π æÿ∑∏»°— √“™ 2551

™Èπ— ¡∏— ¬¡»÷°…“ªï∑Ë’ 3 155

·∫∫∫—π∑÷°√–¥—∫§ÿ≥¿“æ°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π√“¬∫ÿ§§≈

§”™’È·®ß ∫—π∑÷°√–¥—∫§≥ÿ ¿“æ°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π·µà≈–„∫ß“π≈ß„π™àÕß·≈â« √ÿª√–¥—∫§ÿ≥¿“浓¡‡°≥±å

√–¥—∫§ÿ≥¿“æ°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π

‡≈¢∑’Ë ™◊ËÕ- °ÿ≈  √ÿª√–¥—∫§ÿ≥¿“æ

§«“¡ ÿ¢ «‘∏’ √â“ß ÿ¢

‡°≥±å°“√æ‘®“√≥“ √–¥—∫§≥ÿ ¿“æ ¥’
¡’ ¥’ 2 „∫ß“π √–¥—∫§ÿ≥¿“æ æÕ„™â
¡’ ¥’·≈–æÕ„™â‡∑à“π—Èπ √–¥—∫§ÿ≥¿“æ ª√—∫ª√ßÿ
¡’ ª√—∫ª√ßÿ

·ºπ°“√®¥— °®‘ °√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈—° µŸ √·°π°≈“ß°“√»÷°…“¢πÈ— æÈ◊π∞“π æÿ∑∏»—°√“™ 2551

156 ™—Èπ¡—∏¬¡»÷°…“ª∑ï Ë’ 3

∫∑§«“¡ §«“¡ ¢ÿ ...§«“¡ ”‡√Á®

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‡ âππ’È —Èπ≈ß‚¥¬‰¡àµâÕß≈∫ π—°‡√’¬πµà“ßÀ“«‘∏’∑”„À⇠âπµ√ßπ—Èπ —Èπ≈߉¡à‰¥â ‡æ√“–∑ÿ°§πµ‘¥Õ¬Ÿà°—∫¿“æ≈—°…≥å
¢Õß°“√≈∫‡ âπ‡¥‘¡∑‘È߉ª‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ —Èπ≈ß Õ“®“√¬å∑à“ππ—Èπ®÷ߢՄÀâπ—°‡√’¬π§πÀπ÷Ë߇¢’¬π‡ âπµ√߇ âπ„À¡à
∑’ˬ“«°«à“‡ âπ‡¥‘¡ ¿“¬À≈—ß®“°∑’Ëπ—°‡√’¬π≈“°‡ âπµ√߇ âπ„À¡à∑’ˬ“«°«à“‡¥‘¡ ·≈â«Õ“®“√¬å∑à“ππ—ÈπÕ∏‘∫“¬
„Àâπ—°‡√’¬πøíß«à“ °“√∑’Ë¡’§π≈“°‡ âπµ√ߢ÷Èπ¡“‡ âπÀπ÷Ëß ‰¡à«à“‡ âπµ√ß∑’Ë≈“°¡“®–¬“«·§à‰Àπ‡√“ “¡“√∂∑”„Àâ
‡ âπµ√ßπ—Èπ —Èπ≈߉ª‰¥â‚¥¬∑’ˇ√“‰¡à®”‡ªìπµâÕ߉ª≈∫‡ âπ¢ÕߧπÕ◊Ëπ„Àâ —Èπ≈ß ‡æ’¬ß·µà‡√“≈“°‡ âπ¢Õ߇√“„À⬓«¢÷Èπ
¬‘Ë߇√“≈“°‡ â𬓫ÕÕ°‰ª¡“°‡∑à“‰À√à ‡ âπ‡¥‘¡∑’Ë≈“°‰«â°Á®– —Èπ≈߉ª∑ÿ°∑’ ‡ª√’¬∫‡À¡◊Õπ°“√∑’Ë„§√ —°§π∑”
„π ‘ËßÀπ÷Ëß∑’Ë¥’Õ¬àŸ ª√– ∫§«“¡ ”‡√Á®Õ¬Ÿà ‡√“‰¡à§«√„À⧫“¡Õ‘®©“√‘…¬“¡“°àÕ„À⮑µ¢Õ߇√“√ÿà¡√âÕπ ·≈–À“∑“ß
°≈—Ëπ·°≈âߧπ Ê π—Èπ¥â«¬°“√À“∑“ß∑”≈“¬‡À¡◊Õπ°—∫°“√欓¬“¡≈∫‡ âπ¢ÕߧπÕ◊Ëπ„Àâ —Èπ≈ß µ√ß°—π¢â“¡
§«√®–¬‘π¥’°—∫§«“¡ ”‡√Á®¢ÕߧπÕ◊Ëπ‡À¡◊Õπ°—∫∑’ˇ√“¡Õߧ«“¡¬“«¢Õ߇ âπµ√ß∑’˧πÕ◊Ëπ≈“°‰«â ·µà‡√“À“∑“ß
æ≤— π“µπ‡Õß„À¥â ¢’ πÈ÷ ‡√ÕË◊ ¬ Ê ‡À¡Õ◊ π°∫— °“√欓¬“¡≈“°‡ πâ µ√߇ πâ „À¡„à À¬â “«¢πÈ÷ ‚¥¬‰¡‰à ª≈∫‡ πâ ¢ÕߧπÕπË◊
‡ âπµ√ß∑’ˇ√“≈“°°Á®–¬“«¢÷Èπ‡√◊ËÕ¬ Ê ¢≥–∑’ˇ âπ‡¥‘¡∑’˧πÕ◊Ëπ≈“°‰«â°Á®– —Èπ≈߉ª‡√◊ËÕ¬ Ê ‚¥¬∑’ˇ√“‰¡à®”‡ªìπµâÕß
‰ª≈∫ÕÕ°„Àâ —Èπ≈ß

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·¢àß°—∫„§√·µà‡√“·¢àß°—∫µ—«¢Õ߇√“‡ÕßÕ¬Ÿàµ≈Õ¥‡«≈“ ·≈–‡√“‰¡à‰¥â‰ª √â“ß»—µ√ŸÀ√◊Õ‰ª°àÕ‡«√°—∫§πÕ◊Ëπ
µ√ß°—π¢â“¡°“√·¢àߢ—π√–À«à“ß°—π‡ªìπ‰ª„π∑“߇°◊ÈÕ°Ÿ≈°—π ∑”„Àâ√–∫∫‚¥¬√«¡¡’°“√‡µ‘∫‚µÕ¬Ÿàµ≈Õ¥‡«≈“
‰ª„π∑“ß∑’ˇªìπ∫«° §ß‰¡à ”§—≠«à“§ÿ≥µâÕß™π–§π∑—ÈßÀ¡¥  ‘Ëß ”§—≠§ßÕ¬àŸ∑’˧ÿ≥欓¬“¡™π–µ—«¢Õߧÿ≥‡Õß
Õ¬Ÿàµ≈Õ¥‡«≈“µà“ßÀ“° ‡æ’¬ß·µà‡¡◊ËÕ„¥§ÿ≥ “¡“√∂™π–µ—«¢Õߧÿ≥‡Õ߉¥â™—¬™π–∑’ˉ¥â°Á®–¡’§«“¡À¡“¬·≈–
∑”„Àâ§ÿ≥‡°‘¥§«“¡¿Ÿ¡‘„® ·≈–∂ⓧÿ≥¬—߉¡àÀ¬ÿ¥æ—≤π“µπ‡ÕßÕ¬à“ßµàÕ‡π◊ËÕß §ÿ≥°Á®–™π–µ—«§ÿ≥‰ª‡√◊ËÕ¬ Ê
‡¡◊ËÕ§ÿ≥¡Õ߬âÕπ°≈—∫¡“‡¡◊ËÕ‰À√à §ÿ≥°Á®–¡’·µà§«“¡¿Ÿ¡‘„®„π™—¬™π–∑’Ë¢“« –Õ“¥ ™—¬™π–∑’ˇªìπ·√ߺ≈—°¥—π
„Àâ§≥ÿ 欓¬“¡æ—≤π“µπ‡Õß„À⥒¢÷Èπ‡√◊ËÕ¬ Ê

°“√ª√– ∫§«“¡ ”‡√Á®„π™’«‘µ¢Õß·µà≈–§π¡’Õ¬ŸàÀ≈“¬«‘∏’ ∫“ߧ√—ÈߺŸâ§πµà“ß欓¬“¡‡≈’¬π·∫∫
‡ âπ∑“ߪ√– ∫§«“¡ ”‡√Á®¢ÕߺâŸÕ◊Ëπ ·µà‡¡◊ËÕ‡¥‘πµ“¡‡ âπ∑“ßπ—Èπ°≈—∫æ∫«à“‰¡àª√– ∫§«“¡ ”‡√Á®‡À¡◊Õπ‡¢“
§«“¡ ”‡√Á®„π™’«‘µ¢ÕߺŸâ§π§ß‰¡à®”‡ªìπµâÕß¡’√Ÿª·∫∫Õ¬à“߇¥’¬«°—π‡ ¡Õ‰ª ·≈–‡ âπ∑“߉ª Ÿà§«“¡ ”‡√Á®
°Á‰¡à®”‡ªìπµâÕ߇ªìπ‡ âπ∑“߇¥’¬«°—π‡ ¡Õ‰ª  ‘Ëß ”§—≠πà“®–Õ¬àŸ∑’˧«“¡ ÿ¢„®∑’ˉ¥â‡≈◊Õ°‡ âπ∑“ß∑’ˇÀ¡“–°—∫µπ‡Õß
¡“°∑’Ë ¥ÿ ¡“°°«à“

·ºπ°“√®—¥°‘®°√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈—° Ÿµ√·°π°≈“ß°“√»°÷ …“¢πÈ— æ◊Èπ∞“π æ∑ÿ ∏»°— √“™ 2551

™È—π¡∏— ¬¡»°÷ …“ª∑ï Ë’ 3 157

®ßÕ¬à“欓¬“¡‡≈’¬π·∫∫‡ âπ∑“߉ª Ÿà§«“¡ ÿ¢¢ÕߺŸâÕ◊Ëπ ‡æ√“–𑬓¡§«“¡ ÿ¢¢ÕߺŸâ§πµà“ß°—π
§«“¡ ¢ÿ ∑‡Ë’ √“‡ÀπÁ º§Ÿâ πÕπË◊ ¡§’ «“¡ ¢ÿ °π— Õ¬Ÿà ∂“â ‡√“‰ªÕ¬„Ÿà π ∂“π–ππÈ— ‡√“Õ“®®–‰¡¡à §’ «“¡ ¢ÿ Õ¬“à ß∑‡Ë’ √“‡¢“â „®°‰Á ¥â
 ÿ¢·≈–∑ÿ°¢å·∑â®√‘ßÕ¬àŸ∑’Ë„®¢Õ߇√“°”Àπ¥µà“ßÀ“° ≈Õß¡Õß∑ÿ°Õ¬à“ßÕ¬à“߇ªìπ°≈“ß Ê ‰¡à‡Õ“§«“¡√—°
§«“¡‚≈¿ §«“¡‚°√∏ §«“¡À≈ß Õ§µ‘ ¡“§√Õ∫ß” ·≈â««—πÀπ÷Ë߇√“Õ“®®–§âπæ∫§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õߧ”«à“
§«“¡ ÿ¢∑’Ë·∑â®√‘ߢÕßµ—«‡√“‡Õß

·ºπ°“√®—¥°‘®°√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈—° Ÿµ√·°π°≈“ß°“√»÷°…“¢Èπ— æÈπ◊ ∞“π æÿ∑∏»°— √“™ 2551

158 ™È—π¡∏— ¬¡»°÷ …“ª∑ï ’Ë 3

㺧ҹ
‡√Ë◊Õß §«“¡ ÿ¢¢Õߢ“â 懮â“

™ÕË◊ - °≈ÿ ................................................................................................™πÈ— .....................‡≈¢∑’.Ë ....................

1. ‡√◊ËÕß∑’ˇªì𧫓¡ ¢ÿ ‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ë 1
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2. ‡√◊ËÕß∑’ˇªì𧫓¡ ¢ÿ ‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ë 2
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·ºπ°“√®¥— °‘®°√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈—° Ÿµ√·°π°≈“ß°“√»÷°…“¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π æÿ∑∏»°— √“™ 2551

™π—È ¡∏— ¬¡»÷°…“ªï∑’Ë 3 159

3. «‘∏’À“§«“¡ ÿ¢¢Õߢâ“懮â“
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·ºπ°“√®—¥°‘®°√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈°—  µŸ √·°π°≈“ß°“√»÷°…“¢—ÈπæÈ◊π∞“π æ∑ÿ ∏»°— √“™ 2551

160 ™—πÈ ¡—∏¬¡»÷°…“ª∑ï ’Ë 3

㺧ҹ
‡√◊ËÕß «∏‘ ’ √“â ß ÿ¢ ‰√∑â °ÿ ¢å¢Õß©—π

™ÕË◊ - °≈ÿ ................................................................................................™πÈ— .....................‡≈¢∑’.Ë ....................

1. «‘∏’°“√À“§«“¡ ¢ÿ „Àâ·°àµπ‡ÕߢÕߢâ“懮â“
1.1 .................................................................................................................................
1.2 .................................................................................................................................
1.3 .................................................................................................................................
1.4 .................................................................................................................................
1.5 .................................................................................................................................

2. «‘∏’°“√À“§«“¡ ÿ¢„Àâ·°àºâŸÕ◊Ëπ¢Õߢâ“懮â“
2.1 .................................................................................................................................
2.2 .................................................................................................................................
2.3 .................................................................................................................................
2.4 .................................................................................................................................
2.5 .................................................................................................................................

3. π—°‡√’¬π‡≈◊Õ°«‘∏’°“√ √â“ߧ«“¡ ¢ÿ „Àâ·°àµπ‡Õß·≈–ºâŸÕ◊Ëπ
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·ºπ°“√®¥— °‘®°√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈°—  Ÿµ√·°π°≈“ß°“√»°÷ …“¢πÈ— æÈπ◊ ∞“π æÿ∑∏»°— √“™ 2551

™πÈ— ¡—∏¬¡»÷°…“ªï∑’Ë 3 161

4. °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡«‘∏’°“√ √â“ߧ«“¡ ÿ¢∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡„Àâ·°àµπ‡Õß·≈–ºâŸÕ◊Ëπ∑’Ëπ—°‡√’¬π‡≈◊Õ°
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·ºπ°“√®¥— °‘®°√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈—° µŸ √·°π°≈“ß°“√»°÷ …“¢πÈ— æÈ◊π∞“π æÿ∑∏»°— √“™ 2551

162 ™—Èπ¡∏— ¬¡»÷°…“ªï∑Ë’ 3

∫∑°≈Õ𠧫“¡ ÿ¢¢Õß™«’ µ‘

∂â“Õ¬“°„Àâ™’«‘µπ’È¡’§«“¡ ÿ¢ °ÁµâÕߪ≈ÿ°  ”π÷°®‘µ §‘¥¥’°àÕπ
¡Õßµπ‡Õß ¡’§à“ °«à“∑°ÿ µÕπ ¥â«¬°“√¬âÕπ ‡ÀÁ𧫓¡¥’ ∑’ˇ§¬∑”
¡Õߥ§Ÿ π√Õ∫¢â“ßÕ¬à“߇ªìπ¡‘µ√ ¥â«¬πÈ”®‘µ¡‘µ√πÈ”„®Õ¬à“„Àâ Ë”
§«“¡¥’‡¢“À“„Àâ‡ÀÁπ‡ªìπª√–®” ™—Ë«‡¢“π—ÈπÕ¬à“‡ÕବȔπ”∑‘È߉ª
‰¡àÕ“®æ¥Ÿ  ÿ¥∑’Ë¥’·§à‰Àπ
·≈â«®ß∑”«—ππ’È¥’∑’Ë ¥ÿ ‡√‘Ë¡µâπ„À¡à„Àâ¡’§à“°«à“«—π‡¥‘¡
·≈–Õ“®‰¡à ¡À«—ߥ—Ëßµ—Èß„® ¥â«¬æ≈—ߧ«“¡‡™◊ËÕ¡—ËπÀ¡—Ëπ à߇ √‘¡
¡ÕßÕ𓧵 ¥„ ¥’¡’§«“¡À«—ß ·≈–§«√‡æ‘Ë¡§≥ÿ ∏√√¡ª√–®”„®
≈â“ß ”π÷°∑’ËÕàÕπ≈â“Õ¬à“µàÕ‡µ‘¡ À“°µâÕ߇®Õ§«“¡º‘¥À«—ßµ—Èß√—∫‰¥â
ª√—∫®‘µ„®„À⬑ȡ ŸâÕ¬Ÿà‡ ¡Õ Õ¬à“À«—Ëπ‰À«∑”¥’‰«â„§√à§√«≠¥Ÿ
µâÕßÀ—°ª≈ߪ≈Õ∫µπ∑πµàÕ‰ª µ—¥§«“¡∑ÿ°¢å°—ß«≈„®‰√âÕ¥ Ÿ
∂â“∑”‰¥â™’«‘µπ’È®–¡’ ¢ÿ °Á®–Õ¬àŸ¥Ÿ‚≈°°«â“ßÕ¬à“ß√◊Ëπ√¡¬å
‰¡àµâÕßÀ“¢Õߢ≈—ßÀ«—߇™‘¥™Ÿ

·ºπ°“√®—¥°®‘ °√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈°—  µŸ √·°π°≈“ß°“√»÷°…“¢Èπ— æ◊Èπ∞“π æ∑ÿ ∏»—°√“™ 2551

™È—π¡∏— ¬¡»÷°…“ªï∑Ë’ 3 163

‡√Õ◊Ë ß  ◊ÕË  “√¥’ ¡’¡‘µ√

‡«≈“ 2 ™—Ë«‚¡ß

1.  “√– ”§—≠

°“√ ◊ËÕ “√¡’∑—Èß°“√ ◊ËÕ “√‡™‘ß∫«°·≈–‡™‘ß≈∫ °“√Ωñ°µπ‡Õß„Àâ√⟮—°„™â°“√ ◊ËÕ “√‡™‘ß∫«°
®–™«à ¬„À‡â °¥‘  ¡— æπ— ∏¿“æ∑¥Ë’ µ’ Õà °π— °“√¡§’ «“¡ ¡— æπ— ∏Õå π— ¥°’ ∫— ºÕŸâ πË◊ ‡ªπì  ßË‘ ®”‡ªπì ¢Õß°“√¡™’ «’ µ‘ Õ¬¢àŸ Õß¡π…ÿ ¬å
æ—≤π“°“√∑“ß —ߧ¡·≈–§«“¡§‘¥ §«“¡‡¢â“„®¢Õß∫§ÿ §≈ æ—≤π“¢÷Èπ®“°°“√¡’ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ°—∫ºâŸÕ◊Ëπ ‡Õ°≈—°…≥å
¢Õß·µà≈–∫ÿ§§≈ §«“¡ ”‡√Á®„πÕ“™’æ °“√§âπæ∫§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õß™’«‘µ·≈– ÿ¢¿“殑µ ≈â«π‰¥â√—∫º≈°√–∑∫
®“° —¡æ—π∏¿“æ√–À«à“ß∫§ÿ §≈ ´÷Ëß∫§ÿ §≈‡√’¬π√Ÿâ®—°µπ‡Õ߉¥â®“°°“√¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ºâŸÕ◊Ëπ ‡√“®÷ߧ«√‡≈◊Õ°„™â
°“√ ◊ËÕ “√‡™‘ß∫«°°—∫§πÕ◊Ëπ‡ ¡Õ ‡æ◊ËÕ°àÕ„À⇰‘¥ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë¥’µàÕ°—π¬‘Ëߢ÷Èπ

2. ®ÿ¥ª√– ß§å™—Èπªï

3.4.3  √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë¥’°—∫ºâŸÕ◊Ëπ¥â«¬°“√ ◊ËÕ “√‡™‘ß∫«°

3. ®ÿ¥ª√– ß§å°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ

3.1 Õ∏‘∫“¬«‘∏’°“√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë¥’°—∫ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ¥â«¬°“√ ◊ËÕ “√‡™‘ß∫«°‰¥â
3.2  √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë¥’°—∫ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ¥â«¬°“√ ◊ËÕ “√‡™‘ß∫«°‰¥â
3.3 ‡ÀÁπ§≥ÿ §à“¢Õß°“√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë¥’°—∫ºâŸÕ◊Ëπ¥â«¬°“√ ◊ËÕ “√‡™‘ß∫«°
3.4 ‡ÀÁπ§ÿ≥§à“¢Õß∑—°…–°“√Õ¬àŸ√à«¡°—∫ºŸâÕ◊ËπÕ¬à“ß √â“ß √√§å·≈–¡’§«“¡ ÿ¢

4. °‘®°√√¡°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ

™—Ë«‚¡ß∑’Ë 1
4.1 §√Ÿπ”‡ πÕ∫∑°≈Õπ¢Õß David W. Johnson ·≈–„Àâπ—°‡√’¬π√à«¡°—πÕ¿‘ª√“¬∂÷ß
∫∑°≈Õπ¥—ß°≈à“«°—∫°“√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“楗ßπ’È

∂â“∑à“πµâÕß°“√‡æ◊ËÕπ ®ß‡ªìπ‡æ◊ËÕπ¢ÕߺŸâÕ◊Ëπ
∂â“∑à“πµâÕß°“√§«“¡Àà«ß„¬ ®ß„À⧫“¡Àà«ß„¬·°àºŸâÕ◊Ëπ
∂â“∑à“πµâÕß°“√§”ª≈Õ∫‚¬π ®ß„À⧔ª≈Õ∫‚¬π·°àºŸâÕ◊Ëπ
4.2 π—°‡√’¬π»÷°…“„∫§«“¡√Ÿâ ‡√◊ËÕß «‘∏’ ◊ËÕ “√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏å
4.3 §√¢Ÿ ÕÕ“ “ ¡—§√ 8 §π ·≈–„Àâ®—∫§àŸ 4 §Ÿà ‡æ◊ËÕ· ¥ß∫∑∫“∑ ¡¡µÿ ‘µ“¡ ∂“π°“√≥å∑’Ë°”Àπ¥
‚¥¬„Àâ 2  ∂“π°“√≥å

·ºπ°“√®—¥°®‘ °√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈°—  µŸ √·°π°≈“ß°“√»°÷ …“¢πÈ— æπÈ◊ ∞“π æÿ∑∏»°— √“™ 2551

164 ™Èπ— ¡∏— ¬¡»°÷ …“ªï∑Ë’ 3

 ∂“π°“√≥å∑’Ë 1 „Àâ§àŸ∑’Ë 1 · ¥ß∫∑∫“∑„π≈—°…≥– √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë¥’
§Ÿà∑’Ë 2 · ¥ß∫∑∫“∑„π≈—°…≥– √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à¥’

 ∂“π°“√≥å∑’Ë 2 „Àâ§àŸ∑’Ë 3 · ¥ß∫∑∫“∑„π≈—°…≥– √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë¥’
§àŸ∑’Ë 4 · ¥ß∫∑∫“∑„π≈—°…≥– √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’ˉ¡à¥’

‚¥¬π—°‡√’¬π∑’ˇÀ≈◊Õ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥‡ªìπºâŸ —߇°µ°“√≥å ∫—π∑÷°§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡°’Ë¬«°—∫∑à“∑’°“√„™â§”查¢Õß
ºâŸ· ¥ß«à“‡À¡“– ¡°—∫°“√ √â“ߧ«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫ºâŸÕ◊Ëπ„π ∂“π°“√≥åπ—Èπ Ê À√◊Õ‰¡à ‡æ√“–‡Àµÿ„¥

™—Ë«‚¡ß∑’Ë 2
4.4 §√∑Ÿ ∫∑«π∂÷ß°‘®°√√¡§√—Èß∑’˺à“π¡“
4.5 „ÀâºâŸ —߇°µ°“√≥å𔇠πÕ§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‚¥¬ ÿࡵ—«·∑πÀ√◊Õ¢ÕÕ“ “ ¡—§√ 2-3 §π
4.6 π—°‡√’¬π·≈–§√√Ÿ à«¡°—πÕ¿‘ª√“¬ √ÿª ‡ πÕ·π–¢âÕ§‘¥∑’ˉ¥â®“°°‘®°√√¡

5.  ◊ËÕ/Õÿª°√≥å/·À≈à߇√’¬π√Ÿâ

5.1 ∫∑°≈Õπ¢Õß David W. Johnson
5.2 „∫§«“¡√Ÿâ ‡√◊ËÕß «‘∏’ ◊ËÕ “√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏å
5.3 „∫°‘®°√√¡  ∂“π°“√≥åµà“ß Ê ∑’Ë°”Àπ¥„Àâ
5.4 ·∫∫∫—π∑÷°§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ°“√· ¥ß∫∑∫“∑ ¡¡µÿ ‘
5.5 ·∫∫ ”√«®§≥ÿ ¡’ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ·§à‰Àπ æ√âÕ¡‡©≈¬

6. °“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈

6.1 «‘∏’ª√–‡¡‘π

µ√«®·∫∫ ”√«® ‡√◊ËÕß §≥ÿ ¡’ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ·§à‰Àπ

6.2 ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õª√–‡¡‘π -

6.3 ‡°≥±å°“√ª√–‡¡‘π

·∫∫ ”√«® ‡√◊ËÕß §ÿ≥¡’ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ·§à‰Àπ

‰¥â§–·ππ 75 §–·ππ¢÷Èπ‰ª √–¥—∫§≥ÿ ¿“æ ¥’

‰¥â§–·ππ 40-74 §–·ππ √–¥—∫§≥ÿ ¿“æ æÕ„™â

‰¥â§–·ππµË”°«à“ 40 §–·ππ √–¥—∫§ÿ≥¿“æ ª√—∫ª√ÿß

7. ·À≈àß»÷°…“§âπ§«â“‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ ”À√—∫§√Ÿ

7.1 †http://iam.hunsa.com/jingreeddum/article/1826
7.2 http://school.obec.go.th/streeranong/e-learning/faq/test1.html

·ºπ°“√®—¥°‘®°√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈—° µŸ √·°π°≈“ß°“√»°÷ …“¢π—È æÈ◊π∞“π æ∑ÿ ∏»—°√“™ 2551

™—Èπ¡—∏¬¡»°÷ …“ªï∑’Ë 3 165

„∫§«“¡√âŸ
‡√ÕË◊ ß «‘∏’ ◊ËÕ “√ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏å

°“√ ◊ËÕ “√

¡’ 2 ª√–‡¿∑ §◊Õ  ◊ËÕ∑à“∑“ß ·≈– ◊ËÕ¿“…“
°“√ ◊ËÕ∑à“∑“ß
∑’˙૬ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏å∑’Ë¥’ ‰¥â·°à
- ¬‘È¡·¬â¡ ·®à¡„ 
- ÕàÕππâÕ¡ ∂àÕ¡µπ
-  ∫µ“°—∫ºŸâ∑’ˇ√“§¬ÿ ¥â«¬
- °“√· ¥ß§«“¡°√–µ◊Õ√◊Õ√âπ  π„®„π ‘Ëß∑’Ë°”≈—ß π∑π“
°“√ ◊ËÕ¿“…“
∑’˙૬ √â“ß —¡æ—π∏å∑’Ë¥’ ‰¥â·°à
- 楟 ®“ ¿ÿ “æ ‰æ‡√“–
- √Ÿâ®—°„™â§”«à“ ¢Õ∫§≥ÿ ¢Õ‚∑…
- ‰¡à楟 ¢—¥®—ßÀ«– °àÕπ∑’ËÕ’°ΩÉ“¬®–查®∫
- ‰¡à‡ª≈’ˬπ‡√◊ËÕß楟 „π¢≥–∑’ˬ—ß π∑π“‡√◊ËÕßπ—Èπ Ê ‰¡à®∫
- ‰¡à查µ”Àπ‘À√◊Õ«‘®“√≥姫“¡§‘¥¢Õß∫ÿ§§≈∑’ˇ√“ π∑π“¥â«¬

«—¬√ÿàπ : ®– √â“ß —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë¥’Õ¬à“߉√†

°“√‡√’¬π√⟫‘∏’°“√æ—≤π“ —¡æ—π∏¿“æ∑’Ë¥’‡ªìπ ‘Ëß ”§—≠·≈–®”‡ªìπ °àÕπÕ◊Ëπ§ÿ≥µâÕß√âŸ«à“§π‡√“∑ÿ°§π
µâÕß°“√§âπÀ“ ‘Ëß„¥∫â“ß„π°“√¡’¡‘µ√¿“æ°—∫„§√∫“ß§π  ‘Ëß∑’˵âÕß°“√„À⇰‘¥¢÷Èπ ‰¥â·°à

1. §«“¡„ à„®·≈–‡Õ“„®„ à´÷Ëß°—π·≈–°—π §◊Õ¡’§«“¡µâÕß°“√∑’Ë®–√Ÿâ«à“¡’Õ–‰√‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ°—∫§π
√Õ∫¢â“ß∫â“ß ·µà≈–§π™Õ∫§π∑’Ë„À⧫“¡ π„®„π‡√◊ËÕß√“«¢ÕßµπÕ¬à“ß®√‘ß„® ·µà„π∑“ß°≈—∫°—π ∑ÿ°§π®–‰¡à
Õ¬“°§∫°—∫§π∑’Ë π„®·µà‡√◊ËÕߢÕßµπ  ‘Ëß∑’˧«√∑” ‡√“§«√ π„®‡√◊ËÕߢÕߺâŸÕ◊Ëπ¥â«¬§«“¡®√‘ß„®

·ºπ°“√®¥— °‘®°√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈—° Ÿµ√·°π°≈“ß°“√»°÷ …“¢—πÈ æÈ◊π∞“π æ∑ÿ ∏»—°√“™ 2551

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„Àâ·°à§≥ÿ ‚≈°π’È®–πà“Õ¬ŸàÕ’°‡¬Õ– ∂ⓧÿ≥®–≈Õß°â“«ÕÕ°¡“®“°‚≈°„∫‡°à“∑’ˇªìπ‚≈° à«πµ—«¢Õߧÿ≥

·ºπ°“√®—¥°®‘ °√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈°—  µŸ √·°π°≈“ß°“√»÷°…“¢Èπ— æπÈ◊ ∞“π æÿ∑∏»—°√“™ 2551

™Èπ— ¡—∏¬¡»÷°…“ªï∑’Ë 3 173

‡√ÕË◊ ß  —ߧ¡¥’ µâÕß¡’°Æ

‡«≈“ 2 ™—Ë«‚¡ß

1.  “√– ”§—≠

„π —ߧ¡¢ÕߧπÀ¡àŸ¡“°®”‡ªìπ∑’Ë®–µâÕß¡’°Æ √–‡∫’¬∫ ‡æ◊ËÕßà“¬µàÕ°“√¥Ÿ·≈·≈–‡°‘¥°√Õ∫¢Õß
°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡∑”„À⇰‘¥ª√–‚¬™πå Ÿß ÿ¥ °“√‡¢â“‰ªÕ¬àŸ„π∑’Ë„¥§«√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ·≈–∑”§«“¡‡¢â“„®‡°’ˬ«°—∫
√–‡∫’¬∫ªØ‘∫—µ‘¢Õß∑’Ëπ—Èπ Ê ‡æ◊ËÕ∑’ˇ√“®–‰¥â„™â™’«‘µÕ¬àŸ„π∑’Ëπ—Èπ‰¥âÕ¬à“ߪ°µ‘ ÿ¢

2. ®ÿ¥ª√– ß§å™—Èπªï

3.4.4 ‡§“√æ°Æ °µ‘°“¢Õß —ߧ¡

3. ®ÿ¥ª√– ß§å°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ

3.1 ∫Õ°°Æ °µ‘°“¢Õß —ߧ¡‰¥â
3.2 ∫Õ°«‘∏’°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘µπµ“¡°Æ °µ‘°“¢Õß —ߧ¡‰¥â

4. °“√®—¥°‘®°√√¡°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ

™—Ë«‚¡ß∑’Ë 1
4.1 §√Ÿ π∑π“°—∫π—°‡√’¬π∂÷ß¢à“«„πÀπ—ß ◊Õæ‘¡æ凰’ˬ«°—∫Õÿ∫—µ‘‡Àµÿ√∂™πÀ√◊Õ§π∑–‡≈“–«‘«“∑°—π
æ√âÕ¡´—°∂“¡π—°‡√’¬π∂÷ß “‡Àµÿ‡æ◊ËÕ‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ∂÷ß°“√¢“¥°Æ √–‡∫’¬∫ «‘π—¬∑’Ë àߺ≈„À⇰‘¥ªí≠À“µà“ß Ê µ“¡¡“
4.2 „Àâπ—°‡√’¬π·µà≈–§π∫Õ°ªí≠À“∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°°“√‰¡à‡§“√æ°Æ °µ‘°“¢Õß —ߧ¡ ‚¥¬§√Ÿ‡¢’¬π
≈ß∫π°√–¥“π ·≈–√à«¡°—π∂°ª√–‡¥Áπ„π·µà≈–ªí≠À“∂÷ß ¿“æ·≈–º≈°√–∑∫∑’˵“¡¡“
4.3 §√„Ÿ Àâπ—°‡√’¬π·∫àß°≈àÿ¡ Ê ≈– 5-6 §π „Àâµ—«·∑π·µà≈–°≈ÿà¡ÕÕ°¡“®—∫©≈“°À—«¢âÕ‡°’ˬ«°—∫
°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘µπµ“¡°Æ √–‡∫’¬∫µà“ß Ê ¢Õß —ߧ¡ ‡æ◊ËÕ√à«¡Õ¿‘ª√“¬·≈–· ¥ß∫∑∫“∑ ¡¡ÿµ‘„πÀ—«¢âÕ¥—ßπ’È

- °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘µπ„π°“√‡§“√æ∏ß™“µ‘
- °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘µπ„π°“√∑”§«“¡‡§“√æ
- °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘µπ„π°“√‡§“√æ°Æ®√“®√
- °“√‡§“√æ ‘∑∏‘‡ √’¿“æ¢Õßµπ‡Õß·≈–ºâŸÕ◊Ëπ
- °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘µπ¢≥–Õ¬àŸ„πÀâÕߪ√–™¡ÿ

·ºπ°“√®¥— °®‘ °√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈—° Ÿµ√·°π°≈“ß°“√»÷°…“¢—Èπæ◊Èπ∞“π æ∑ÿ ∏»—°√“™ 2551

174 ™Èπ— ¡—∏¬¡»°÷ …“ª∑ï Ë’ 3

- °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘µπ„π°“√·µàß°“¬
- °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘µπ„π°“√Õ¬Ÿà√à«¡°—π„π™¡ÿ ™π
- °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘µπ„π°“√√—°…“ “∏“√≥ ¡∫—µ‘
™—Ë«‚¡ß∑’Ë 2
4.4 §√Ÿ„Àâπ—°‡√’¬π‡µ√’¬¡§«“¡æ√âÕ¡„π°“√𔇠πÕß“π„π™—Ë«‚¡ß∂—¥‰ª
4.5 §√Ÿ∑∫∑«π∂÷ß°‘®°√√¡„π™—Ë«‚¡ß∑’˺à“π¡“ æ√âÕ¡ π∑π“∂÷ß°“√‡µ√’¬¡§«“¡æ√âÕ¡„π°“√
𔇠πÕß“π
4.6 µ—«·∑ππ—°‡√’¬π·µà≈–°≈àÿ¡π”‡ πÕ¢âÕ √ªÿ ∑’ˉ¥â®“°°“√Õ¿‘ª√“¬°≈àÿ¡
4.7 §√Ÿ·≈–π—°‡√’¬π√à«¡°—πÕ¿‘ª√“¬æ√âÕ¡ √ÿª¢âÕ§‘¥·≈–ª√–‚¬™πå∑’ˉ¥â√—∫®“°°“√®—¥°‘®°√√¡
æ√âÕ¡°—∫„Àâπ—°‡√’¬π∑”„∫ß“π ‡√◊ËÕß  —ߧ¡¥’ µâÕß¡’°Æ

5.  ◊ËÕ/Õÿª°√≥å/·À≈à߇√’¬π√Ÿâ

5.1 ¢à“«/¿“æÀπ—ß ◊Õæ‘¡æå
5.2 ©≈“°À—«¢âÕ‡√◊ËÕß
5.3 „∫ß“π ‡√◊ËÕß  —ߧ¡¥’ µâÕß¡’°Æ

6. °“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈ √–¥—∫§≥ÿ ¿“æ ¥’
√–¥—∫§ÿ≥¿“æ æÕ„™â
6.1 «‘∏’ª√–‡¡‘π √–¥—∫§≥ÿ ¿“æ ª√—∫ª√ÿß
µ√«®„∫ß“π ‡√◊ËÕß  —ߧ¡¥’ µâÕß¡’°Æ

6.2 ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õª√–‡¡‘π -
6.3 ‡°≥±å°“√ª√–‡¡‘π

„∫ß“π ‡√◊ËÕß  —ߧ¡¥’ µâÕß¡’°Æ
µÕ∫∂°Ÿ µâÕß µ√ߪ√–‡¥Áπ 5 ¢âÕ
µÕ∫∂Ÿ°µâÕß µ√ߪ√–‡¥Áπ 3-4 ¢âÕ
µÕ∫∂Ÿ°µâÕß µ√ߪ√–‡¥Áπ 1-2 ¢âÕ

7. ·À≈àß»÷°…“§âπ§«â“‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ ”À√—∫§√Ÿ

-

·ºπ°“√®—¥°‘®°√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈°—  Ÿµ√·°π°≈“ß°“√»°÷ …“¢π—È æπ◊È ∞“π æÿ∑∏»°— √“™ 2551

™Èπ— ¡—∏¬¡»÷°…“ªï∑’Ë 3 175

㺧ҹ
‡√◊ËÕß  ß— §¡¥’ µÕâ ß¡°’ Æ

™ÕË◊ - °≈ÿ .............................................................................................................™πÈ— ...............‡≈¢∑.Ë’ ...............

§”™’È·®ß „Àâπ—°‡√’¬πµÕ∫§”∂“¡µàÕ‰ªπ’È
1. °Æ °µ‘°“¢Õß —ߧ¡ À¡“¬∂÷ß

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2. ®ß∫Õ°°Æ °µ‘°“¢Õß —ߧ¡ ∑’Ëπ—°‡√’¬π√⟮—°À√◊Õ‡§¬ªØ‘∫—µ‘
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3. ®ß∫Õ°°Æ °µ‘°“¢Õß —ߧ¡ ∑’Ëπ—°‡√’¬π‡§¬æ∫‡ÀÁπ«à“¬—ߪؑ∫—µ‘‰¡à∂Ÿ°µâÕß
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·ºπ°“√®—¥°®‘ °√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈—° µŸ √·°π°≈“ß°“√»°÷ …“¢—πÈ æÈπ◊ ∞“π æ∑ÿ ∏»°— √“™ 2551

176 ™È—π¡∏— ¬¡»°÷ …“ªï∑Ë’ 3

4. ∫Õ°ª√–‚¬™πå„π°“√‡§“√æ°Æ °µ‘°“¢Õß —ߧ¡ ¡“ 10 ¢âÕ
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5. „Àâπ—°‡√’¬π∫Õ°«‘∏’°“√Õ¬Ÿà√à«¡°—π„π —ߧ¡‰¥âÕ¬à“ß¡’§«“¡ ÿ¢
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·ºπ°“√®¥— °®‘ °√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈°—  µŸ √·°π°≈“ß°“√»÷°…“¢Èπ— æÈ◊π∞“π æÿ∑∏»°— √“™ 2551

™Èπ— ¡∏— ¬¡»÷°…“ªï∑Ë’ 3 177

‡√◊ËÕß ≈—∫·∫∫‰Àπ µÕâ ߉µ√àµ√Õß

‡«≈“ 1 ™—Ë«‚¡ß

1.  “√– ”§—≠

„π™’«‘µ¢Õߧπ‡√“¡—°¡’‡√◊ËÕß∫“ßÕ¬à“ß∑’ˇ√“‰¡àÕ¬“°„À℧√√—∫√⟠À√◊Õ‡≈◊Õ°∫Õ°‡√◊ËÕß à«πµ—«„Àâ°—∫
‡æ◊ËÕπ∑’ˇ√“‰«â„®´÷Ë߇√“∂◊Õ«à“‡ªì𧫓¡≈—∫ ·µà∫“ߧ√—È߇√◊ËÕß∫“߇√◊ËÕ߉¡à “¡“√∂‡°Á∫‡ªì𧫓¡≈—∫‰«â‰¥â‡æ’¬ß≈”æ—ß
À√◊Õ„π∞“π–∑’ˇªìπ‡æ◊ËÕπ ∂â“À“°‡ÀÁπ«à“‡√◊ËÕߧ«“¡≈—∫¢Õ߇æ◊ËÕππ—Èπ§«√„ÀâºâŸ„À≠àÀ√◊Õ∫ÿ§§≈∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß
‰¥â√—∫√âŸ√à«¡°—π Õ—π®–‡ªìπ·°â‰¢ªí≠À“√à«¡°—π ‡π◊ËÕß®“°‡ªìπ‡√◊ËÕß∑’˧àÕπ¢â“߇ ’ˬ߄π°“√µ—¥ ‘π„®‡æ’¬ß≈”æ—ß
·µà‡√“µâÕß„™â¥ÿ≈¬æ‘π‘®¢Õ߇√“„π°“√∑’Ë®–‡≈◊Õ°µ—¥ ‘π„®‰¥â«à“‡√◊ËÕß„¥§«√‡°Á∫‰«â‡ªì𧫓¡≈—∫À√◊Õ‡√◊ËÕß„¥∑’˧«√
„ÀâºâŸÕ◊Ëπ‰¥â√—∫√⟠‡π◊ËÕß®“°Õ“®¡’º≈°√–∑∫À√◊Õ‡°‘¥º≈‡ ’¬ ∂â“À“°‡°Á∫§«“¡≈—∫‰«â‡æ’¬ß≈”æ—ß

2. ®ÿ¥ª√– ß§å™—Èπªï

3.4.5 °“√„™â¥ÿ≈¬æ‘π‘®„π°“√‡°Á∫√—°…“§«“¡≈—∫¢Õ߇æ◊ËÕπ

3. ®ÿ¥ª√– ß§å°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ

3.1 ∫Õ°‡√◊ËÕß∑’˧«√‡°Á∫‡ªì𧫓¡≈—∫‰«â‰¥â
3.2 ∫Õ°«‘∏’°“√„π°“√„™â¥≈ÿ ¬æ‘π‘®„π°“√‡°Á∫§«“¡≈—∫¢Õ߇æ◊ËÕπ‰¥â

4. °‘®°√√¡°“√‡√’¬π√Ÿâ

4.1 §√Ÿ π∑π“°—∫π—°‡√’¬π∂÷߇√◊ËÕߧ«“¡≈—∫∑’Ë·µà≈–§π¡’Õ¬àŸ æ√âÕ¡´—°∂“¡π—°‡√’¬π«à“‡«≈“
¡’§«“¡≈—∫ ‡√“‡≈à“„À℧√øíß∫â“ßÀ√◊Õ¡’„§√¡“‡≈à“§«“¡≈—∫„Àâ‡√“øíß∫â“ß ·≈–§«“¡√⟠÷°∑’˵âÕ߇°Á∫§«“¡≈—∫
¢Õ߇æ◊ËÕπ‰«â„π„®

4.2 §√Ÿ„Àâπ—°‡√’¬π·∫àß°≈àÿ¡ÕÕ°‡ªìπ 4 °≈àÿ¡ „Àâµ—«·∑π·µà≈–°≈ÿà¡®—∫©≈“° °√≥’»÷°…“
·≈–™à«¬°—πÕ¿‘ª√“¬∂÷ß°“√„™â¥ÿ≈¬æ‘π‘®„π°“√‡°Á∫§«“¡≈—∫„π‡√◊ËÕß∑’ˉ¥â√—∫«à“·µà≈–°≈àÿ¡¡’«‘∏’°“√Õ¬à“߉√
„π‡√◊ËÕߧ«“¡≈—∫‡À≈à“π—Èπ„Àâ‡À¡“– ¡

4.3 µ—«·∑ππ—°‡√’¬π·µà≈–°≈àÿ¡ÕÕ°¡“√“¬ß“πÀπâ“ÀâÕß
4.4 §√Ÿ·≈–π—°‡√’¬π√à«¡°—πÕ¿‘ª√“¬æ√âÕ¡ √ÿª¢âÕ§‘¥·≈–ª√–‚¬™πå∑’Ë√—∫®“°°“√®—¥°‘®°√√¡
æ√âÕ¡°—∫„Àâπ—°‡√’¬π∑”„∫ß“π ‡√◊ËÕß ≈—∫·∫∫‰Àπ µâÕ߉µ√àµ√Õß

·ºπ°“√®¥— °®‘ °√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈°—  µŸ √·°π°≈“ß°“√»÷°…“¢—πÈ æÈ◊π∞“π æÿ∑∏»°— √“™ 2551

178 ™π—È ¡∏— ¬¡»÷°…“ª∑ï Ë’ 3

5.  ◊ËÕ/Õÿª°√≥å/·À≈à߇√’¬π√Ÿâ

5.1 ©≈“°À—«¢âÕ‡√◊ËÕß °√≥’»÷°…“
5.2 „∫ß“π ‡√◊ËÕß ≈—∫·∫∫‰Àπ µâÕ߉µ√àµ√Õß

6. °“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈

6.1 «‘∏’ª√–‡¡‘π

µ√«®„∫ß“π ‡√◊ËÕß ≈—∫·∫∫‰Àπ µâÕ߉µ√àµ√Õß

6.2 ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õª√–‡¡‘π -

6.3 ‡°≥±å°“√ª√–‡¡‘π

„∫ß“π ‡√◊ËÕß ≈—∫·∫∫‰Àπ µâÕ߉µ√àµ√Õß

µÕ∫∂Ÿ°µâÕß µ√ߪ√–‡¥Áπ 5-6 ¢âÕ √–¥—∫§≥ÿ ¿“æ ¥’

µÕ∫∂°Ÿ µâÕß µ√ߪ√–‡¥Áπ 3-4 ¢âÕ √–¥—∫§ÿ≥¿“æ æÕ„™â

µÕ∫∂°Ÿ µâÕß µ√ߪ√–‡¥Áπ 1-2 ¢âÕ √–¥—∫§ÿ≥¿“æ ª√—∫ª√ÿß

7. ·À≈àß»÷°…“§âπ§«â“‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡ ”À√—∫§√Ÿ

-

·ºπ°“√®¥— °®‘ °√√¡·π–·π«µ“¡À≈°—  µŸ √·°π°≈“ß°“√»°÷ …“¢Èπ— æ◊πÈ ∞“π æÿ∑∏»°— √“™ 2551

™πÈ— ¡∏— ¬¡»°÷ …“ªï∑Ë’ 3 179

°√≥’»÷°…“∑’Ë 1

µâÕß´÷Ë߇ªìπ‡æ◊ËÕπ°—∫µâ𠉥â‡≈à“‡√◊ËÕߢÕßµâÕß∑’ˇ«≈“π’ȵπ‡Õ߇√‘Ë¡µ‘¥¬“‚¥¬∑’ˬ—߉¡à¡’„§√∑√“∫·¡â·µà
‡æ◊ËÕπ π‘∑Õ¬à“ßµâπ À≈—ß®“°‡≈à“‡√◊ËÕ߇ √Á®·≈â« µâÕß°Á°”™—∫µâπ‰¡à„Àâ∫Õ°‡√◊ËÕßπ’È°—∫„§√ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°°≈—«ºŸâÕ◊Ëπ®–√âŸ
‚¥¬‡©æ“–æÕà ·≈–·¡à æÕ∑√“∫‡√ÕË◊ ß·≈«â µπâ °‰Á ¡ à ∫“¬„®„π°“√°√–∑”¢Õ߇æÕË◊ π µπâ §«√®–∑”Õ¬“à ߉√°∫— ‡√ÕË◊ ßπÈ’

°√≥’»÷°…“∑’Ë 2

 â¡®‘Í¥‰¥â¡“‡≈à“‡√◊ËÕß∑’˵π‡Õß∑âÕß°—∫·øπ„Àâ®Õ¬øíß æ√âÕ¡°—∫∫Õ°«à“·øπ®–擉ª∑”·∑âß·≈–
¢Õ„Àâ®Õ¬‡°Á∫‡ªì𧫓¡≈—∫Õ¬à“∫Õ°‡√◊ËÕßπ’È„À℧√øíß ·µà®Õ¬√⟥’«à“°“√∑”·∑â߇ªìπÕ—πµ√“¬ °≈—««à“‡æ◊ËÕπ
®–‡ªìπÕ—πµ√“¬ ®Õ¬§«√®–∑”Õ¬à“߉√°—∫‡√◊ËÕßπ’È

°√≥’»÷°…“∑’Ë 3

‡®¡ å·Õ∫¢‚¡¬‡ß‘πæàÕ·¡à‡æ◊ËÕ𔉪´◊ÈÕ‡§√◊ËÕ߇≈àπ‡°¡ ·≈–‰¥â™«π‚®‰ª‡ªìπ‡æ◊ËÕπ‡æ◊Ëՙ૬‡≈◊Õ°´◊ÈÕ‡°¡
·≈–¬—ß∫Õ°„Àâ‚®ªî¥‡ªì𧫓¡≈—∫ Àâ“¡∫Õ°æàÕ·¡à¢Õß‚® ·µà‚®‡ÀÁπ«à“∞“π–æàÕ·¡à¢Õ߇®¡ å‰¡à§àÕ¬¥’πà“ ß “√
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