Ramro Nepali 1

kf7 ! dª\unaf/ dª\unfn]
!= tnsf] sljtf ;'Ggx' f;] \ M s v k9]sL
aw' af/ aw' gfn]
cfOtaf/ cfOt];Fu Ps b'O{ n]v]sL .
:sn' uOof]
;f]daf/ ;f]dl;x+ ;Fu zlgaf/ ;a} hgf
v]n v]lnof] . 3/d} al;of]
;ft lbgdf w]/} vfn]
lalxaf/ jL/dfgn] sfd ul/of] .
lrq agfÚsf]
zj' |maf/ ;a} hgf
gfrufg u/]sf] .

@= ;ft af/sf gfd eGg'xf];\ .

146 /fd|f] gk] fnL sIff !

#= yfK] nf hf8] L cIf/ n]Vgx' f;] \ M ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ
n n n ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ
z z z ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ
if if if ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ
x x x ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ
If If If ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ
q q q ÒÒÒÒÒ
1 1 1 ÒÒÒÒÒ

$= zAb / lrqsf] hf]8f ldnfpg'xf;] \ M

n;'g
zª\v
o1
if6\sf]0f
Iflqo
;nfO{
jlsn
xnf]
lqz"n
ds}
1fgL
es'G8f]

147/fd|f] g]kfnL sIff !

kf7 @
!= tnsf] sljtf ;G' gx' f];\ / pQ/ eGg'xf;] \ M

zlgaf/sf] lbg
eof] xfd|f] 5'6\6L
vfg] ds} e'6\6L
v]Ng] efF8fs6' L .

efF8fs'6L v]n
gu/ x} em]n
em]n eof] eg]
x'Fb}g d]n .

d t vfhf vfG5'
xft v6' \6f wG' 5'
afcfdfn] eg]sf]
;a s/' f ;G' 5' .

-s_ slxn] 5'6\6L 5 <
-v_ s] e'6]/ vfg] xf] <
-u_ cfh s] v]Ng] xf] <
-3_ v]n v]Nbf s] ug{'xF'b}g <
-ª_ s;n] eg]sf] ;'Ggk' 5{ <

@= tnsf cIf/ ePsf zAb kf7af6 vfh] /] n]Vgx' f];\ M
z Ö zlgaf/ x Ö ÒÒÒÒÒ e Ö ÒÒÒÒÒ
d Ö ÒÒÒÒÒ n Ö ÒÒÒÒÒ ; Ö ÒÒÒÒÒ
/ Ö ÒÒÒÒÒ o Ö ÒÒÒÒÒ a Ö ÒÒÒÒÒ

148 /fd|f] gk] fnL sIff !

#= lrq x/] /] tnsf ZfAbx¿ k9g\ 'xf];\ M

dnd a; k;n zª\s/ snz

xft lx6/ lxdfn el/of lunf;

ltnx/L d;L s5j' f ;u' f lqzN" f

d]jf k/]jf k};f cf}ifwL l;x+
$= tnsf lrqsf] gfd nV] gx' f];\ / k9\gx' f];\ M


ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

149/fd|f] gk] fnL sIff !

kf7 #
!= tnsf] lrq x/] /] atfpg'xf;] \ M

s]6L
s]6f]

-s_ ;fOsn ss;n] sb' fpFb} 5g\ <
-v_ s]6fn] ;fOsn s;/L s'bfpFb} 5 <

-u_ s]6f] ;fOsnaf6 s] sf/0fn] n8\of] <
-3_ ;fgL s]6Ln] ca s] u5]{ xf]nf <

@= tnsf jfSo /fdf| cIf/df ;fgx'{ f;] \ M

snzdf hn e/ . ;nud vfpm .

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

if6\sf]0f agfpm . k/]jf xnf]df a:of] .

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

Iflqon] t/af/ rnfP . 1fgLn] o1 u/] .

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

#= /fdf| cIf/ agfP/ nV] gx' f;] \ M

d e o / n j z if ;

ÒÒÒ ÒÒÒ ÒÒÒ ÒÒÒ ÒÒÒ ÒÒÒ ÒÒÒ ÒÒÒ ÒÒÒ

150 /fdf| ] g]kfnL sIff !

$= lrq x/] ]/ x]df s] s] ul5g{ \ < eGg'xf;] \ M

x]df 5 ah] p7\l5g\ . x]df 5 ah] bw' vflG5g\ .

x]df ;ft ah] k9\l5g\ . x]df cf7 ah] :sn' sf] tof/L ul5{g\ .

x]df rf/ ah] 3/ cfpFl5g\ . x]df kfFr ah] aflx/ v]lN5g\ .

x]df ;ft ah] vfgf vflG5g\ . x]df cf7 ah] l6eL x]l5{g\ .

x]df gf} ah] ;'lT5g\ .

151/fd|f] g]kfnL sIff !

kf7 $ tf/f afhL n} n}
!= tnsf] sljtf lzIfsaf6 ;G' g'xf;] \ M sfkL lstfa v} <
k9fO n]vfO ;s]/
tf/f afhL n} n} . v]Ng hfG5' x} .
aa' ' dfd v} <
aa' ' dfd vfP/
k9\g hfG5' x} .

tf/f afhL n} n}
;T' g] 7fpF v} <
;a} sfd ;s]/
;T' g hfG5' x} .

@= tnsf jfSo ;'g/] jfSocg;' f/ gSsn ugx'{ f];\ M
d laxfg p7\5' . d bfFt df‰5' . d dv' w'G5' . d b'w lkpF5' . d v]Ng
hfG5' . d vfgf vfG5' . d :s'ndf k9\5' . d 3/ hfG5' . d u[xsfo{ u5'{ .
d Ps l5g v]N5' . d cfdfnfO{ sfddf ;3fpF5' . d vfgf vfG5' . d
l6eL x]5'{ . d ;'T5' .

152 /fd|f] gk] fnL sIff !

#= lrq x/] L k9g\ 'xf;] \ M

d ls;fg xF' .
d v]tLkftL u5{' .
d cGg kmnfpF5' .

d lzIfs xF' .
d ljBfyL{nfO{ l;sfpF5' .
d ljBfyL{sf] /]vb]v u5{' .

d a]kf/L x'F .
d a]kf/ u5{' .
d u|fxsnfO{ ;fdfg a]R5' .

d snfsf/ xF' .
d snf b]vfpF5' .
d l;g]dfdf sfd u5{' .

$= pQ/ atfpgx' f;] \ M
-s_ ls;fgn] s] sfd u5{ <
-v_ lzIfssf] sfd s] xf] <
-u_ a]kf/Lsf] sfd s] xf] <
-3_ snfsf/n] s] b]vfpF5 <
%= tnsf jfSo k9g\ x' f;] \ M
lzjhLn] lqzn" af]s]5g\ . Iflqon] o1 u/]5g\ . ls;fgn] xnf] hf]t]5g\ .

g;{n] cf}ifwL af]lsl5g\ . jlsn cbfnt uP5g\ .

153/fdf| ] g]kfnL sIff !

kf7 %
!= tnsf] kf7 Wofg lbP/ k9g\ x' f];\ M

of] ;'ldqfsf] emf]nf xf] . of] lgnf] /ªsf] 5 .
;l' dqf cfˆgf lstfa oxL emf]nfdf /fV5] .
cfdfn] Pp6f ;fdfg /fVg] a6\6f lbgx' G' 5 .
a6\6f kx]Fnf] /ªsf] 5 . a6\6fdf tLg cf]6f
k]lG;n 5g\ . k]lG;n sfnf, lgnf / xl/of
5g\ . afs;df Pp6f O/]h/ / k]lG;n ltvfg]{
;fdfg 5 .
;'ldqf;Fu v}/f] /ªsf] vfhf a6\6f 5 . ;l' dqf
oL ;a} emf]nfdf xfN5] . :sn' a; klg cfof] .
;'ldqf :sn' a;df r9\5] . a;af6 ;l' dqf
3/kl/jf/sf ;b:onfO{ afOafO{ u5]{ .
;l' dqf :sn' kU' 5] . :s'ndf w]/} ;fyLx¿ e]6\5] .
pm :s'ndf k9\5] . v]N5] . ;l' dqf gfR5] . ;'ldqf
:sn' df lrq agfpF5] . ;'ldqfnfO{ cfˆgf] :sn'
Hofb} dg k5{ .
@= kf7df atfPcg';f/ /ª nufpg'xf;] \ M

154 /fd|f] g]kfnL sIff !

#= tnsf] kf7 k9/] pQ/ nV] g'xf;] \ M

;1fg zfx sIff Psdf k9\5 . ;1fgsf]
:sn' rf/ ah] 56' \6L xG' 5 . ;1fg
kfFr ah] 3/ k'U5 . ;1fgsf] 3/df
Pp6f s's'/ 5 . ;1fgnfO{ lng s's'/
3/sf] ;8s;Dd cfpF5 . ;1fg 3/
k'u]/ n'uf km]5{ . ;1fg vfhf vfG5 .
;1fgnfO{ ss' '/n] sf};Ldf kv]{/
a:5 . ;1fg sf};Ldf cfpF5 . ;1fg
ss' '/;Fu v]N5 . ;1fgnfO{ cfˆgf]
s's/' ;Fu v]Nbf /dfOnf] nfU5 .

-s_ ;1fg zfx slt sIffdf k9\5 <
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
-v_ ;1fgsf] :sn' slt ah] 56' \6L xG' 5 <
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
-u_ ;1fgnfO{ lng s's/' sxfF;Dd cfpF5 <
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
-3_ ;1fg s];Fu v]N5 <
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
-ª_ kf7sf] clGtd jfSo h:tfsf] To:t} ;fg'{xf];\ M
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

155/fd|f] gk] fnL sIff !

kf7 ^ w]/} k9\gk' 5{
!= tnsf] sljtf ;a} ldn]/ k9g\ x' f];\ M yf]/} v]Ng'k5{ .
pN6f] eof] eg]
l56f] ;'Tgk' 5{ b'Mv em]Ngk' 5{ .
l56f] p7\gk' 5{ .
pN6f] eof] eg]
bM' v em]Ng'k5{ .

/fd|f] n]Vgk' 5{
/fd|f] af]Ng'k5{
pN6f] eof] eg]
bM' v em]Ng'k5{ .

@= l7s eP l7s / a]l7s eP al] 7s n]Vg'xf];\ M
-s_ l56f] p7\g'k5{ . ÒÒÒÒÒÒ -v_ l9nf] ;T' gk' 5{ . ÒÒÒÒÒÒ
-u_ yf]/} k9\g'k5{ . ÒÒÒÒÒÒ -3_ g/fd|f] k9\gk' 5{ . ÒÒÒÒÒÒ
-ª_ g/fd|f] af]Ng'k5{ . ÒÒÒÒÒÒ -r_ w]/} k9\g'k5{ . ÒÒÒÒÒÒ

#= tnsf jfSo k9\gx' f];\ M
xh'/afn] xhf/ ?k}ofFdf xnf] lsGge' of] .
;dgn] ;o ?k}ofFdf l;;f lsGge' of] .
lqnf]rgn] lqrfln; ?k}ofFdf lqzn" lsGg'eof] .

156 /fd|f] g]kfnL sIff !

$= tnsf lrq x]/L k9g\ x' f;] \ M

l;x+ x;+ ;;+ f/
%= tnsf] 5f6] f] kf7 k9\gx' f];\ M

k/k/af6 l;x+ cfof] .
l;+x b]v]/ x+; 8/fof] .
;+of]un] l;+x wkfof] .
l;x+ uPkl5 x+; /dfof] .

^= zAb agfP/ n]Vgx' f;] \ M

jfb ;+jfb ;o+ f]u
;+;f/ ;x+ f/
;+ of]u

;f/
xf/

&= s+ v+ u+ eGb} 1+=== ;Dd k9g\ 'xf;] \ .

157/fdf| ] g]kfnL sIff !

kf7 &

!= tnsf] syf k9g\ x' f;] \ M

Pp6f 7n' f] hª\un lyof] .
hª\undf Pp6f :ofn a:Yof] .
Tof] :ofn cfxf/fsf] vf]hLdf
lg:s]sf] lyof] . :ofnn] af6fdf
Pp6f s5j' f b]Vof] . s5j' fn]
klg :ofnnfO{ b]Vof] . s5'jf
efUg ;s]g . l9nf lxF8\g]
s5'jfnfO{ :ofnn] e]l6xfNof] .
æcfh t s5j' fsf] df;' vfg
kfOg] eof] .Æ :ofnn] dgdg} ;f]Rof] . To;kl5 s5'jfnfO{ s¥ofKk 6f]Sof] .
æpx' Û s:tf] b/f] df;' ÛÆ :ofnn] s5'jfsf] va6f km6' fpg ;s]g .
æ:ofn bfO Û tkfO{“nfO{ d]/f] df;' vfg dg nfu]sf] 5 <Æ s5'jfn] ;f]Wof] .
ædg t nfu]sf] 5 lg Û t/ s;/L vfg] <Æ :ofnn] eGof] .

ædnfO{ Tof] k/sf] kf]v/Ldf nu]/
lehfpg'xf];\ . kfgLn] leh]kl5 d]/f]
df;' sdnf] xG' 5 . To;kl5 vfgx' f];\,
xG' g / <Æ s5j' fn] atfof] . :ofnn]
s5j' fsf] s/' f kTofof] . To;n]
s5j' fnfO{ af]s]/ kf]v/Ldf nUof] /
lehfof] . kf]v/Ldf kU' g]lalQs} s5j' f
t kfgLleq a]kQf eof] . s5j' fnfO{
vfg vf]Hg] :ofn x]/]sf] x]¥o} eof] .

158 /fdf| ] g]kfnL sIff !

@= syfsf cfwf/df Ps zAbdf pQ/ nV] g'xf];\ M

-s_ hª\undf s] a:Yof] < ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-v_ :ofn s]sf] vf]hLdf lg:Sof] < ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-u_ :ofnn] af6fdf s] b]Vof] < ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-3_ :ofnnfO{ s5'jfsf] df;' s:tf] nfUof] < ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-ª_ :ofnn] s5'jfsf] s] km'6fpg ;s]g < ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

#= jfSodf pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M

-s_ :ofnn] s5'jfnfO{ sxfF nu]/ lehfof] <

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-v_ kf]v/Ldf k'Ug]lalQs} s5j' f s] eof] <

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-u_ tkfO{“nfO{ s'g hgfj/ rnfv nfUof] <

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

$= tn b]vfP h;/L n]Vgx' f];\ / k9\g'xf];\ M

a]kTtf Ö a]kQf pTt/ Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

v'6\6f Ö v'§f a6\6f Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

a'b\w Ö a4' zb' \w Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

eSt Ö eQm zlSt Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

rª\uf Ö rËf 9ª' \uf Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ljb\of Ö ljBf ljb\ofno Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

%= tkfO“{n] ;'g]sf] Pp6f hgfj/sf] syf eGg'xf];\ .

159/fd|f] gk] fnL sIff !

kf7 *

!= tnsf] ;+jfb Ps hgf u?' cfdf c¿ /fwf, /fh,' ;fg] fd, ;'lDgdf, ;lrg,
nf;]df, ;lag, clgtf, ldª\df eP/ k9g\ 'xf;] \ M

/dfOnf] labf

t];|f] 306L nfUof] . d]gs' f u?' cfdf sIffdf k:ge' of] . sIffdf ;a} rk' rfk
lyP . k/ s'gfdf /fh' / /fwf a;]sf lyP . pgLx¿ ug' u'g ub}{ lyP . u?' cfdfn]
b]lvxfNg'eof] .

u?' cfdf M /fwf † /fh' † ltdLx¿ s] sfg]v';L ub}{ 5f} <

/fwf M x}g ld; ¬¬¬

/fh ' M ld; xfdL ¬¬¬

u'?cfdf M lsg vf;v;' u/]sf < eg g eg .

/fwf M ld;, xfdL labfsf] af/]df s/' f ub}{ lyof}F .

/fh ' M xf] ld;, labfdf /fwf 3'Dg hfg] eGb} lyOg\ .

u?' cfdf M P, ef]lnb]lv x'g] labfsf] af/]df xf] <

/fwf M xf] ld;, labfdf aa' fn] xfdLnfO{ kf]v/f 3d' fpg] eGg'ePsf] 5 .

u?' cfdf M w/] } /fdf| ] † /fh'
rflx F <

/fh' M d t ;s{; x]g{
hfg] ld; .

u?' cfdf M clg ;f]gfd /
;l' Dgdf rflxF s]
u5f}{ lg <

;f]gfd M ld;, dnfO{ kfkfn]

160 /fd|f] g]kfnL sIff !

lrtjg n}hfg] eGge' Psf] 5 . lrtjgdf w]/} lsl;dsf hgfj/
x]g{ kfOG5 /] †
;'lDgdf M d t dfdf3/ hfG5' ld; .
u'?cfdf M ;lrg / nf;]df rflxF <
;lrg M xfdL t ufpF hfg] ld; . ufpFdf d]/f sfG5f sfsf xg' x' G' 5 .
pxfFn] dnfO{ d/' nL agfOlbgx' G' 5 .
nf;]df M d t st} ghfg] ld; . 3/d} a:g] .
u?' cfdf M ;lag, clgtf / ldª\df rflxF labfdf s] u5f}{ xF <
;lag M d t l;g]df x]g{ hfg] . clg u[xsfo{ klg ug]{ .
clgtf M d t xh/' cfdfsxfF hfg] / syf ;'Gg] ld; .
ldª\df M d t ;fyLx¿;Fu v]Ng] . clg k9\g] klg ld; .
u'?cfdf M l7s 5 . nfdf] labf 5 . w]/} /dfOnf] ug"{ . ;a};Fu ldn]/ v]Ng"
x} .
;a} M x'G5 ld; .
u?' cfdf u[xsfo{ hfFRg yfNg'xG' 5 .
ljBfyL{x¿ k9\g yfN5g\ .

161/fdf| ] g]kfnL sIff !

@= l7s pQ/df l7s -á _ lrx\g nufpg'xf;] \ M

-s_ ug' u'g ugs{' f] cy{ s] xf] <

c_ la:tf/} lxF8\g' cf_ la:tf/} cfjfh lgsfNb} s/' f ug{'

-v_ sfg]v;' L ugs{' f] cy{ s] xf] <

c_ sfg ;dfTg' cf_ sfgdf la:tf/} af]Ng'

-u_ ;s;{ df s] x'G5 <

c_ ljleGg v]n x'G5g\ cf_ emu8f dfq xG' 5

-3_ ux[ sfo{ hfRF g' eg]sf] s] xf] <

c_ u[xsfo{ ug'{ cf_ u[xsfo{ x]g'{

-ª_ labfsf] cy{ s] xf] <

c_ 5'6\6L cf_ ljjfx

#= l7s zAb /fv/] jfSo k"/f ug{'xf;] \ M

-s_ pgLx¿n] ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ u/]sf] d}n] b]v]F . u'gu'gfpFb}
-v_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ xfQLn] ;fOsn s'bfof] . sfg]v';L
-u_ d ;dod} ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ u5'{ .
-3_ xfd|f] ljBfno zlgaf/ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ xG' 5 . labf
-ª_ pm uLt ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ 5 . ;s{;df
u[xsfo{

$= tnsf zAbx¿ k9/] sfkLdf nV] gx' f];\ M

k:ge' of], b]lvxfNg'eof], ;l' Dgdf, agfOlbgx' 'G5, u[xsfo{, t];|f]

%= pN6f] cy{ lbg] zAb kf7af6 vfh] /] nV] gx' f;] \ M

g/fd|f] Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ yf]/} Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

a]l7s Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ 5f]6f] Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

g/dfOnf] Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ;x/ Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

162 /fd|f] gk] fnL sIff !

^= …/dfOnf] labfÚ kf7 clego ub}{ k9\gx' f;] \ . sIffdf Pshgf u?' cfdf, c¿
/fh,' /fwf, ;f]gfd, ;'lDgdf, ;lrg, nf;]df, ;lag, clgtf, ldª\df / ;a}
ag]/ k9g\ x' f;] \ . cfjZos ;Nnfx lzIfsn] lbg'xg' 5] . ;fyLx¿n] clego
u/s] f] Wofg lbP/ x]gx{' f;] \ / ;G' g'xf];\ .

&= clego x]g]{ / ;G' g] ;fyLx¿n] ;'emfj lbg'xf;] \ .

*= ;'gs] f] cfwf/df s;n] egs] f] xf] < n]Vg'xf];\ M

-s_ xfdL labfsf] af/]df s/' f ub}{ lyof}F . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-v_ d t xh/' cfdfsxfF hfg] / syf ;'Gg] ld; . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-u_ d t l;g]df x]g{ hfg] . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-3_ xfdL t ufpF hfg] ld; . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-ª_ P, ef]lnb]lv xg' ] labfsf af/]df xf] < ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
(= l7s eP l7s / al] 7s eP a]l7s n]Vgx' f];\ M

-s_ /fwf labfdf kf]v/f hfG5] . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-v_ /fh' labfdf ;s{; x]g{ hfG5 . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-u_ ;f]gfd labfdf lrtjg hfG5 . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-3_ ;l' Dgdf labfdf lbbLsf] 3/ hfG5] . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

163/fdf| ] gk] fnL sIff !

!)= bO' { bO' { hgfsf] ;dx" agfpgx' f];\ . tnsf] Pp6f ;r" gf tkfO{“ / csf{] ;"rgf
;fyLnfO{ k9g\ lbg'xf];\ . ;fyLn] k9]sf] ;r" gf tkfO“{ /fd/| L ;'Gg'xf];\ . tkfO“{
klg ;fyLnfO{ ;g' fpg'xf];\ M

;"rgf–! ;"rgf–@

lxhf]cfh kfgLsf sf/0f x}hf cfˆgf] 3/ jl/kl/ ;kmf /fvf}F .
km}lnPsf] 5 . xfdL ;a}n] kfgL kmf]xf]/ j:t' plrt 7fpFdf kmfNg]
pdfn]/dfq lkpg] u/f}F . vfgf u/f}F . x}hf / dxfdf/Laf6
vfg' cl3 / kl5 xft w'g] afgL cfk"m klg arf}F . c¿nfO{ klg
a;fnf}F . arfcf}F .

gk] fn ;/sf/ gk] fn ;/sf/
:jf:Yo dGqfno :jf:Yo dGqfno

!!= Pp6f s6] f] 3/ cfpbF } lyof] . p;n] af6fdf Pp6f dfG5] e6] o\ f] . Tof] dfG5n] ]

p;nfO{ sx] L kZ| g ;fW] of] . tkfOF{ Tof] s6] f] eP/ pQ/ lbgx' f;] \ M

dfG5] M tkfO{Fsf] gfd s] xf] <
s]6f] M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
dfG5] M tkfO{F slt sIffdf k9\g'x'G5 <
s]6f] M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
dfG5] M tkfO{Fsf] :sn' sf] gfd s] xf] <
s]6f] M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
dfG5] M tkfO{Fsf a'af s] ug{'x'G5 <
s]6f] M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
dfG5] M tkfO{FsL cfdf s] ug'{xG' 5 <
s]6f] M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
dfG5] M tkfO{F 1fgL afa' x'g'x'Fbf] /x]5 . tkfO{F klg ca 3/ hfg'xf];\ .

d klg d]/f] 3/ hfG5' .

s]6f] M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

164 /fd|f] g]kfnL sIff !

PsfO

!!

xfd|f] j/k/sf] ;+;f/

165/fd|f] gk] fnL sIff !

kf7 !
!= tnsf] lrqx¿ xg] x{' f];\ / gfd eGgx' f];\ M

@= ;G' gx' f;] \ / eGg'xf;] \ M
UjfnLdf Vofs lyof] . Vofsn]
8Nn]nfO{ RofKk ;dfTof] . 8Nn] t
a'?Ss pk|m]/ e¥ofªdf kU' of] .
e¥ofªaf6 x:ofªkm:ofª ub}{
cf]Nof]{ . Vofsn] 8Nn]nfO{ lgs}
a]/ k5\ofof] . 8Nn] t æarfpm,
arfpm . dnfO{ Vofsn] ;dfTof] .Æ
eGb} lrRofof] . 8Nn] lrRofPsf]
cfjfh ;g' ]/ dfG5]x¿ aflx/ lg:s] . 8Nn]nfO{ kR5\ofpFb} u/]sf] VofsnfO{
RofKk ;dft] . Vofs t Vofssf] dv' 'G8f] nufPsf] 8Da/] kf] /x]5 .

166 /fd|f] g]kfnL sIff !

#= cfwf j0f{ / tL j0f{ ePsf zAbx¿sf] hf]8f ldnfpg'xf];\ M

U u6\6L

A zAb

ˆ k~r

6\ efUo

~ cfˆgf]
$= tnsf zAbdf k|ofu] ePsf cfwf cIf/ lrg]/ nV] gx' f;] \ M

cª\s M ª\ 5\jfnL M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

aHof] M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ a9\g' M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
%= kf7 ! sf lrqx¿sf] gfd nV] gx' f;] \ M

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

167/fdf| ] gk] fnL sIff !

kf7 @
!= lzIfsn] k9s] f] Wofg lbP/ ;G' g'xf;] \ . ;'g]/ pQ/ eGg'xf;] \ M

Ps lbg xfjfn] 3fdnfO{ eGof],
æcab]lv ltdLn] dnfO{ bfh'
eGg'k5{ .Æ

3fdn] ;f]Wof], ælsg lg .Æ

ælsgls d ltdLeGbf alnof] 5'
lg .Æ xfjfn] 3dG8 ub}{ hafkm
lbof] .

æs;/L lg .Æ 3fdn] ;f]Wof] .

æd ?vx¿ n8fOlbg ;S5' . 3/x¿
eTsfOlbg ;S5' . ltdL To;f] ug{ ;Sb}gf} .Æ xfjfn] uj{ ub}{ eGof] .

æs] ltdL pM Tof] dfG5]n] nufPsf] sldh km'sfNg ;S5f} < olb ;Sof} eg]
d ltdLnfO{ bfh' dfG5' .Æ 3fdn] af6fdf lxFl8/x]sf] dfG5]nfO{ b]vfpFb}
eGof] .

æTolt hfaf] s'/f ÛÆ xfjfn] km' lt{;fy eGof] / dfG5]nfO{ k'mSg yfNof] . Tof]
dfG5] xfjfn] ubf{ n8\of] . k5fl/of] . t}klg p;n] cfˆgf] lhpsf] sldh
p8\g lbPg . xfjfn] hlt ubf{ klg sldh km' :s]g .

æca d]/f] tfut x]/ xfjf efO .Æ 3fdn] olt eGof] . To;kl5 cfˆgf] tfk
a9fpFb} nUof] . s]xL a]/kl5 t To; dfG5]nfO{ udL{ eof] . p;n] cfˆgf]
sldh dfq km' sfn]g, 6f]kL / ;?' jfn klg kms' fNof] .

3fdsf] an b]v]/ xfjf t s]xL af]Ng} ;s]g .

k|Zgx¿
-s_ xfjf alnof] /x]5 ls 3fd <
-v_ o; syfaf6 s] lzIff kfOG5 <

168 /fd|f] gk] fnL sIff !

@= kf7af6 tnsf cfwf cIf/ nfu]sf zAb l6Kg'xf;] \ M

G M eGof] W M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

S M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ N M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

T M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ 8\ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ˆ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ / M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

U M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ Z M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

#= dflysf] kf7af6 /k] m - { _ nfu]sf rf/ cf6] f zAb l6Kg'xf;] \ M

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

$= lrq xg] {x' f];\ . lrqsf cfwf/df hf8f] / udL{ 5'6\ofpgx' f];\ M

%= tkfO{n“ fO{ hf8f] dg k5{ ls udL{ < lsg <

169/fdf| ] g]kfnL sIff !

kf7 # uG' or' fn] L

!= ;G' g'xf];\ / sf]7fsf zAbx¿ k9g\ x' f;] \ M

?v, 9'ª\uf, kxf8 5
xfd|f] jl/kl/
ufO{, 3f]8f, e}F;L, afv|f
hLj y/L y/L .

sf/, lhk, 6«s, a;
uf8L y/L y/L
;6{k]G6, uG' o'rf]nL
nfpF5g\ km]/L km]/L .

s'nf], vf]nf hª\un 5
xfd|f] j/k/
au}Frf / s/];f 5
;asf] 3/ 3/ .

:s'n, ahf/, c:ktfn 5
xfd|f] jl/kl/
cg]s hftsf dflg; af]N5g\
efiff y/L y/L .

9ª' u\ f 6«s ;6{k]G6

hªu\ n aurF} f :s'n c:ktfn

@= dflysf] kf7af6 xfd|f] j/k/sf af/ cf6] f lrhx¿sf] gfd n]Vg'xf;] \ M
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

170 /fdf| ] gk] fnL sIff !

#= lgDgfg';f/sf b; b; cf]6f lrhsf gfd n]Vg'xf];\ M

;hLj j:tx' ¿ lghLj{ j:tx' ¿

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

$= tnsf j:tx' ¿sf] gfd n]Vg'xf;] \ M


ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

%= dflysf dWo] sg' s'g dfG5]n] agfPsf x'g\ < sg' sg' cfkm}“ algPsf xg' \ <

dfG5]n] agfPsf M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

cfkm}+ algPsf M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

171/fdf| ] g]kfnL sIff !

kf7 $

!= lrq xg] {'xf;] \ / k9g\ 'xf];\ M

af3, a6'jf / al' 4dfg\ v/fof]

Pp6f l;sf/Ln] af3nfO{ dfg{ vf/] agfPsf] lyof] . To; vf]/df Pp6f af3 k¥of] . af3n]
vf/] af6 pDsg w/] } ko| f; u¥of] . af3 pDsg ;sg] . af3n] vf/] sf] 9fs] f vfN] g w/] n} fO{
cg/' fw] u¥of] . s;n} ] vf/] sf] 9fs] f vfl] nlbPgg\ . To;} an] f Pp6f a6j' fnfO{ af3n] bV] of ] .

a6j' f bfO † dnfO{ o; vf/] af6 lgsflnlbg'xf;] \ d tkfOF{nfO{ vfGgF . d tkfO{FnfO{
g . d w]/} lbgbl] v ef]s} 5' . cfºgf] ;fyL agfpF5' . dnfO{
vf]/af6 lgsflnlbgf;] \ g . d]/f]
laGtL 5 . d ef]s} 5' .

cxF † lgsflNbgF . d}n] lgsfn]F eg] lar/f † ef]s} /x5] . vfl] nlbG5' .
ltdL dnfO{ vfOxfN5f} .

af3 vf]/af6 lg:s]kl5

a6'jf † tF dfG5] xf;] \ † dfG5] af3sf] ;fyL xg' c/] † c/] † of] t wf]sf eof] lg . of] t cGofo
;Stg} . d tnF fO{ vfG5' † dnfO{ ;f/} ef]s eof] . d}n] ltdLnfO{ vf/] af6 lgsfn F] . clxn]
nfus] f] 5 . rflxF ¬¬

172 /fd|f] gk] fnL sIff !

To;} an] f Pp6f v/fof] cfOk'U5 . s] of] s/' f ;frF f] xf] af3 bfO <

x}g, of]
s]sf] emu8f
xf] <

x/] g v/fof] efO † cl3 of] af3 vf/] df s/' f ;frF f] xf] . cl3 d vf]/d} lyPF . clxn]
km;]sf] lyof] . d}n] lgsflnlbPF . clxn] dnfO{ aflx/ 5' . To;n} ] d ca o;nfO{ vfG5' .
g} vfg vfH] 5 . af3 vf]/df k:5 . ca t kTofof} <

dnfO{ kTof/ nfu]g . tkfOF{ s;/L
olt ;fgf] vf]/df km:ge' of] t <

xf], d ;fFRr} clg 9fs] f rflxF
g} of] vf]/df s;/L nfus] f] lyof]
km;]sf] lyPF . lg, a6'jf bfO < a6'jfn] 9f]sf nufOlbG5 .
gkTofP d
bv] fOlbG5' . ca ltdL cfºgf] af6f] nfu
a6'jf bfO † af3n] ltdLnfO{
vfg ;Sb}g .

a6j' f / v/fof] cfºgf] af6f] nfU5g\ . dv" {
tyf wf]s]afh af3 vf/] d} /xG5 .

173/fd|f] g]kfnL sIff !

@= kf7af6 lgDgfg;' f/sf zAbx¿ n]Vgx' f];\ M

cfwf cIf/ nfu]sf /]km nfu]sf

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

#= s] sxfF a:5 < hf8] f ldnfpgx' f];\ M laGtL
af3 s/' df a:5 . ;fFrf]
dfG5] uF'8df a:5 . ldq
df5f cf]9f/df a:5 . sf]l;;
afv|f uf]7df a:5 .
ufO{ 3/df a:5 .
r/f] vf]/df a:5 .

$= l7s zAb 5fgL vfnL 7fpF eg'x{ f];\ M
-s_ …k|of;Ú sf] cy{ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ xf] .
-v_ …cg'/f]wÚ eg]sf] ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ xf] .
-u_ …;fyLÚ eg]sf] g} ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ xf] .
-3_ …;ToÚ sf] cy{ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ xf] .

174 /fdf| ] gk] fnL sIff !

%= l7s eP l7s / a]l7s eP al] 7s nV] g'xf];\ M

-s_ a6'jf al' 4dfg\ lyof] . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-v_ af3 / v/fof] ;fyL ;fyL lyP . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-u_ a6'jfnfO{ v/fof]n] arfof] . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-3_ a6j' f ;f]emf] lyof] . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-ª_ af3n] v/fof]nfO{ vfof] . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

^= pQ/ nV] g'xf];\ M

-s_ s;n] vf]/ agfPsf] lyof] <

-v_ vf]/leq s] k¥of] <

-u_ s;n] vf]/sf] 9f]sf vf]lnlbof] <

-3_ a6j' fnfO{ s]n] vfg vf]Hof] <

-ª_ af3, v/fof] / a6j' fdf sf] a'l4dfg\ nfUof] <

&= tnsf] lrqx¿sf] cfwf/df syf eGg'xf;] \ M

175/fd|f] g]kfnL sIff !

kf7 %
!= lrq xg] '{xf;] \ / syf k9\g'xf];\ M

6f]kL ak] f/L / af“b/x¿

lbpF;f]sf] ;do lyof] . Pp6f dflg; ahf/ hfFb} lyof] .
p;n] 6f]kL nufPsf] lyof] . p;n] Pp6f emf]nf
af]s]sf] lyof] . emf]nfdf 6f]kLx¿ lyP . pm 6f]kL
a]kf/L lyof] .

ahf/ lgs} 6f9f lyof] . rsf]{ 3fd nfu]sf]
lyof] . p;nfO{ udL{ nfUb} lyof] . pm lgs}
yfs]sf] klg lyof] . p;n] dgdg} ljrf/
u¥of], æPs l5g st} cf/fd ug'{knf{ .Æ

p;n] af6fdf ?vsf] 5xf/L e]6\of] . pm
ysfO dfg{ Psl5g a:of] . pm e;' 'Ss

lgbfof] .

?vdfly afFb/x¿ lyP .
afFb/x¿n] pm lgbfPsf] yfxf

kfP . afFb/x¿ eO' {Fdf cf]n]{ .
rsrs] afFb/x¿n] p;sf]
emf]nf x]/] . emf]nfaf6
6f]kL lgsfn] . p;n] h:t}
6f]kL nufP / ?vdfly
r9] .

176 /fd|f] g]kfnL sIff !

pm Ps l5gkl5 lapFlemof] . emf]nfdf 6f]kLx¿ lyPgg\ . 6f]kL t afFb/sf
6fpsfdf /x]5g\ . pm 6f]kL vf]:g ?vdf r9\of] . afFb/x¿ ?vsf 6'Kkflt/
nfu] . sg' } csf]{ ?vlt/ xfd kmfn] . pm yfSof]
t/ afFb/nfO{ e]6\g ;s]g .
æca s] ug]{ <Æ p;n] s]xL a]/
;f]Rof] clg PsfPs cfºgf]
6f]kL e'O{Fdf ºofFSof] .
afFb/x¿n] p;sf] gSsn
u/] . 6f]kLx¿ e6fe6
eO' {Fdf ºofFs] . p;n] eO' {Fsf
6f]kLx¿ a6'Nof] . tL
6f]kL emf]nfdf /fVof] clg
;/f;/ ahf/ uof] .

177/fd|f] gk] fnL sIff !

@= cufl8sf] kf7af6 lgDgfg';f/sf] 5 5 cf]6f ZfAb n]Vgx' f;] \ M

/]km - { _ nfu]sf rGb|laGb' - F _ nfu]sf

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

#= kf7sf cfwf/df tnsf jfSox¿nfO{ !, @, # ======= sf] jm| d lbg'xf];\ M
- _ afFb/x¿n] pm lgbfPsf] yfxf kfP .
- _ emf]nfaf6 6f]kL lgsfn] .
- _ ?vdfly afFb/x¿ lyP .
- _ p;n] h:t} 6f]kL nufP / ?vdfly r9] .
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