THE DIVINE PRINCIPLE VOLUME NO.2 - EDITION 10 DECEMBER 2010 / JANUARY 2011
In December of 1964, He survived the first attempt made on His life. He was not de-
terred from His goal in the least. In 1967, He founded the first educational center for the Na-
tion of Gods and Earths at 2122 Seventh Avenue called the Street Academy. It presently hous-
es a Community Resource Center, a computer training program, community self-
education classes, drug awareness and prevention classes, all of which serve the purpose of
educating our young and self-empowering the communities in which we live. Although not
published on the premises, we have numerous informative publications including the Five
Percenter Newspaper and the NGE Power newspaper, which give vital information concerning
the principles, doctrines, teachings and community functions of the Nation of Gods and Earths
throughout the United States and abroad. In 1968, He received a public commendation from
Mayor Lindsay and many other community officials for the outstanding job He was doing in
providing educational and vocational growth in and with the youth, as well as public and
media praise for His unselfish community participation in maintaining peace and order.
On June 13, 1969, at approximately 4:15 AM He was assassinated after being shot 7
times by two or more assailants. His attackers were never captured. Yet and still, His legacy
lives on. His expectations were for us to be greater than He was. He taught the young that
they were not Muslims but Gods and Earths. He set us on the path to higher education and the
accomplishment of goals that continue to this very day. We were at the time of His murder, a
nation of young Gods and Earths. We were a nation of children who had become fatherless. It
takes a village to raise a child yet the adults, churches, mosques, religious and political lead-
ers of our village abandoned us. We were alone. However, with the knowledge of self and the
foundation He laid we continued to grow and develop into a mature and righteous nation. With
the science of Supreme Mathematics, which was His gift to us, we continued on our journey.
And no trial or tribulation has kept us from fulfilling the will of Allah, the Father whom we so
dearly love.
When I say that I bear witness to the greatness of Allah, it is He of whom I speak and
not any Muslim deity. He showed and proved the reality of God to those whose nature it was
and is to be God. It is because of Him that this book is possible. Although it was not until after
His assassination that I became one with the Nation of Gods and Earths, it was His teachings
that enabled me to distinguish truth from falsehood and utilize the ability I was born with,
which is the ability to think for myself. And so today I can expand my knowledge and advance
my education by being able to recognize truth when spoken by the present day and former en-
lighteners of our people such as Noble Drew Ali, THE Honorable Marcus Garvey, Elijah Mu-
hammad, Dr. Frances Cress Welsing, Haki Madhubuti, Dr. Naim Akbar, Dr. Ben, Dr. Jeffries, Dr.
Ivan Van Sertima, Alton Maddox, and Brother Ra Un Nefer Amen. I am not a follower of men
but I am a lover of truth and He was a God of Divine Truth. Because of Him and the children
that continued His legacy, I am here to do my part for the cause of making truth manifest and
the fulfillment of his legacy.
Peace To All
God Divine Prince Allah
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THE DIVINE PRINCIPLE VOLUME NO.2 - EDITION 10 DECEMBER 2010 / JANUARY 2011
KEEP IT SIMPLE TEACH IT REAL
Geniuses delight in what geniuses write
Complicated knowledge with no insight
What good is the knowledge you’re trying to send
If those who receive don’t comprehend
When you dazzle people with extravagant words
That are not understood upon being heard
It defeats the purpose you’re trying to achieve
It’s like going in a vacuum and expecting a breeze
You’re better off being dumb and mute
Then giving information that doesn’t compute
There are minds in this world we must desperately reach
These are the minds it’s our duty to teach
So keep it simple and teach it real
For truth undigested is not a meal
And blessed are those who feed the hungry
Their bodies as well as their minds
Such deeds are paid in full with love
The reward is truly divine
By - God Fakim Allah formerly known as Father Divine Allah
From His Book - Symphony of Truth: Poetic Truth And Evaluation Of The Greatest Stories Never Told.
GOD FAKIM ALLAH
It is an honor of unspeakable magnitude to have one such as God
Fakim Allah as a consistent contributor to this humble publication. We
who are the editorial staff of the Divine Principle Newsletter would like to
thank you, God Fakim whom we have known as the master teacher and
warrior Father Divine Allah, one of our beloved and living predecessors,
for the above enlightenment from your book “Symphony of Truth : Poetic
Truth And Evaluation Of The Greatest Stories Never Told”. Thank You God
for one of the best historical examinations of our Nation’s Father and
Founder—Allah, ever written.
We would also encourage all of our readers and supporters to buy
your book. It is important that we support the true Builders amongst us.
Peace.
102
THE DIVINE PRINCIPLE - VOLUME 2. EDITION 6. MARCH-APRIL 2010
THE DIVINE PRINCIPLE NEWSLETTER
HONORING THE RIGHTEOUS BUILDERS AMONGST US
BEAUTIFUL SEE ASIA EARTH
We the Gods of Allah’s Five Percent gave honor and praise to the Earths and young Queens of our
Nation on Sunday, March 28, 2010. I witnessed the beautiful, intelligent and sincere women of our Nation
with their daughters and grand daughters receive their just rewards of praise
and gifts from the men of this great body of builders. It was a truly momentous
and grand occasion and well deserved tribute to the women and girls of Allah’s
Nation. One for which anyone who was in attendance can attest to. One of our
sincere, and dedicated Earths however, was not in attendance and, I was
informed afterwards that she was out-of-town and was unable to attend the Uni-
versal Parliament and take part in the Earth Appreciation Day celebration of
2010. We, the staff of The Divine Principle Newsletter are therefore proud and
honored to extend the highest praise and regards to Beautiful See Asia Earth
in the recognition that she is one that we recognize as a living example of the
righteous Black woman who is a builder in the truest sense of the word, and
whose actions have earned her the respect and love of many in our nation and the communities at large (i.e.
- Newark, New Jersey, Watts, Oakland, California, etc.) she is a mother, activist, counselor and warrior who
is both dedicated and determined to make an impact upon the minds and thus, in the lives of the people, es-
pecially young people. Her efforts at seeking to Stop The Violence that is currently destroying the lives of far
too many young Black people and their families in the communities of Patterson, Newark, and other areas of
New Jersey, and other distressed communities across this country are tireless and worthy of praise.
Remember her impassioned plea for help from the Gods in this Nation at our Universal Parliament in
December? And didn’t she do our Nation proud when she appeared on the television Program “Like It Is”
hosted by brother Gil Noble She has proven herself to be one worthy of our respect and trust. We, who know
her, love her. She is a Queen and an Earth. She is one of our sincere champions. Get to know her and you will
love her as well. Peace Queen.
103
BEAUTIFUL SEE ASIA EARTH
ANDREA CHADWICK & HER SISTER MY ASIA EARTH
AT THE EARTH APPRECIATION DAY PARLIAMENT IN
MECCA - REGION 1 - MARCH 2012
7 DPA - EARTHLY JEWELS - 7 RASHEEM ALLAH 2010
104
THE DIVINE PRINCIPLE VOLUME NO. 2 ISSUE 9 — AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2010
MARRIAGE
God Justice Excerpt from “Allah World Manifest” The Book by Justice Hakim Allah
Hakim Allah
The Superstar Marriage = Marri or Marry - good and happy
Age - a particular time.
Therefore, a marriage is a good or happy time between two or more beings
In short, the Gods and Earth’s definition of marriage is a union between a God and Earth(s) to add on to
life from the highest to the lowest, mentally, culturally, physically, spiritually, emotionally, financially, etc.
The Father taught the Gods and Earths not to get married under the government, because the above
definition does not hold for the government’s meaning of marriage.
Of great interest, originally a marriage in America was meant for the union between White and Black;
they must have a marriage license to wed. Once upon a time in America no one needed a marriage license to
wed, they just got married; no government involvement.
In truth marriage under the government today is not just between a man and woman. Marriage under the
government is between the government, man and woman. That’s why the government can tell you what to do
and pass judgment in the relationship.
Today most people in America are not American Citizens, but U.S. Corporate citizens. In the 1800’s a
corporation named United States formed and was granted the responsibility of governing the country America:
therefore it was called United States of America. “Of” denotes where a corporation where a corporation is
incorporated in or at. It was written in it’s charter that it’s employees would be called citizens. When asked,
“Are you a U.S. citizen?” You are saying that you are an employee of the United States Corporation. If you say
yes, you are not an American Citizen.
Making the long story (truth) short, you have been made a corporation to do trading under the U.S.
Corporate Charter. A trade name in All CAPITAL LETTERS was made for you. Therefore a government marriage
is a partnership by contract, which is the license. You’ve heard the saying, “she is bad company” or, “he is of
good stock”. More to be revealed about the trade name aka straw man under Birth Certificate in another
chapter, but for right now you are a corporate entity and an employee / citizen of the United States of America.
Barack Obama is the president of the United States Corporation. Listen when he states so. He doesn’t say he’s
the president of America; he says United States of America. A privately owned corporation, located in the
District of Columbia, a member of “The Empire Of The City”, with The City of London and The Vatican City.
Together they are, “The Empire of The City”; representing the financial (London), religious (Vatican) and mil-
itary (DC) of the New World Order. (Google - “The Empire Of The City”). Now back to marriage.
The Father taught that man can have more than one woman. Therefore, some Gods have two or more
Earths, but very few at this day and time. The Father said that “man is the creator of woman whether she likes it
or not!”
“I’m not going too have one woman because a poor rat got one hole …. I’m not ever going to have one.
Whoever loves me, that’s who I’m going to love. I’m not loving no more, they have to love what!? Me!”
-Allah - The Father
The Father did not say not to get married / wed. He said don’t get married under the government; because He
wanted us to get from under the government (United States Corporation). The Father wanted us to make
America our home and be good American Citizens.
PEACE
God Justice Hakim Allah - The Superstar
*7
105
THE DIVINE PRINCIPLE VOLUME 2 EDITION NO 9. AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 2010
THE OCCULT MEANING OF THE WIZARD OF OZ—THE PATH TO ILLUMINATION
The Wizard of OZ can be seen as an allegorical tale of the soul’s path to illumination - The Yellow Brick Road in
Buddhism refers to the “Golden Path”.
The story starts with Dorothy Gale in Kansas, which symbolizes the material world, the physical plane where
each one of us starts our spiritual journey. Dorothy feels an urge to “go over the rainbow”; to reach the ethereal
realm and follow the path to illumination. She has basically ‘passed the Nadir’ by demonstrating the urge to
seek a higher truth.
Dorothy is then brought to OZ by a giant cyclone spiraling upward, representing the cycles of Karma, the cycle
of errors and lessons learned. The Yellow Brick Road of OZ begins as an outwardly expanding spiral. In Occult
symbolism, the spiral represents the evolving Self, the Soul ascending from matter into the Spirit World.
Before understanding her journey, Dorothy is given the “Silver Shoes”, which represents the “Silver Cord” of
the Mystery Schools. The Silver Cord is considered to the link between our material and spiritual selves.
During the journey along the Yellow Brick Road, Dorothy encounters Scarecrow, Tin Woodsman and Cowardly
Lion who are respectively searching for a brain, a heart and, courage. These odd characters embody the
qualities needed by the initiates in order to complete their quest for illumination.
After surmounting many obstacles, the party finally reaches Emerald City in order to meet The Wizard.
Surrounded by artifices and special effects, The Wizard comes across as cruel, rude and unwise. The Wizard in
fact, is a stand-in for the personal God of the Christians and Jews, the oppressive figure used by conventional
religions to keep the masses in spiritual darkness : Jehovah or Yahweh. It is later discovered that The Wizard is
a humbug, a charlatan, who scares people into worshipping his Wizard. He surely cannot help the characters
complete their quest.
After all is said and done, the brains, the heart and, the courage needed to complete Dorothy, Scarecrow, Tin
Man and Lion’s quest were found within each of them. Mystery Schools have always taught their student’s that
one must rely on oneself to obtain salvation. Throughout the story Dorothy’s Dog Toto represents her “inner
voice”, her intuition.
The fake Wizard invites Dorothy into his balloon to go back to Kansas, her final destination. She however
follows Toto (her intuition) and gets out of the balloon, which represents the empty promises of organized
religions. This leads to her ultimate revelation and with the help of the Good Witch of the North (her Divine
Guide) she finally understands everything she ever wanted could be found in “her own backyard”.
In order to attain illumination Dorothy had to vanquish the wicked witches of the East and the West - who were
forming an evil horizontal axis: the material world. She was wise in listening to the advice of the good witches of
the North and South - the vertical axis: the spiritual dimension.
At the end of the story, Dorothy wakes up in Kansas: she has successfully combined physical and spiritual life.
She is now comfortable being herself again and despite her family not really believing the details of her quest
(the ignorant profane) she can finally say, “there is no place like home”.
Nadir = the point on the celestial plane directly below an observer, The opposite of ZENITH.
( 7DPA - EDITOR’S DEFINITION )
GOD JUSTICE HAKIM ALLAH
THE SUPERSTAR
106
THE DIVINE PRINCIPLE NEWSLETTER JAN - FEB 2013
MY NAGAS
Nagas is an ancient word representing the Divine people of God, the Asiatic Black people. (1) Nagas is
pronounced the same as Niggers: there is a line over the first (a) in Naga making it sound like an (i). Naga is also an
ancient mantra summoning cosmic forces. (2) Nagas are the Divine people of God in Buddhism who manifest with the
future Buddha, the Enlightened One, the Genie, the Conqueror who comes back to teach that there is life after death.
The Naga is represented by the serpent/snake and/or dragon all over the world; India, Japan China, Africa and the
Americas by the frog. It was predicted that He, the future Buddha would come back at the end of this age to teach the
science of immortality; that life has no partnership with death. (1) He comes to teach the resurrect-Ion of the dead and
the science of everything in life, love, peace and happiness. (3) He is the Universal King, a manifestation of God,
who comes to explain the laws of the Universe.
Your ancestors wanted to prove to the world, to a people in the future there is no death, that there is life after
death and God is manifest through man, the Asiatic Blackman. “The world owes a debt to the the Africans of Asia.
(1) “Your ancestors never intended to let you down”, (2) The future Buddha is the Father, Almighty God Allah
who came to teach the Science of Living Mathematics, who with his Nagas the 5% manifesting the resurrection of the
mentally dead, that there is life after death. At their command are the forces of the Universe through the science of Liv-
ing Mathematics. (3) As quiet as it is kept we are the ancestors returned, the Nagas repre-sented by the serpent be-
cause of the serpents ability to shed its skin. The shedding of skin represents rebirth, renewal, refinement, the shedding
of being blind, and deaf and dumb to the knowledge of SELF. The shedding of the old Niggers to the Nu Nagas; the
Divine people of God, the Enlightened Ones, who teaches freedom, justice and equality to all human families of the
planet Earth. (4) Naga is the Kundalini Serpent energy. By saying “Naga” the ancient word is a mantra to raise
your Kundalini energy and that of the planet which is said to be producing global warming. (5) “Nagas/Niggers are re-
ferring to the people who have full access to the Kundalini Serpent force” (2) this can be anyone regardless of race. (6)
Therefore it is important that the word Naga be continued to be spoken and as often as possible to raise the energy of
the planet and for yourself. Say this mantra to continue to release/raise the Kundalini energy, the reawakening.
I know historically the word Nigger is negative but through our ancestors’ Divine Wisdom it has been kept in
our super con-scious. You can hear every day in New York City and in urban cities people of all races saying Nigger as
a figure of speech. Every other word is “Nigger” or “my Nigger”. Knowingly or unhnowingly they are helping raise the
Kundalini energy thus awakening themselves to the Oneness and awakening the planet to renew itself. So my Nagas it
is time to wake up and manifest that which was dormant, seemingly dead. The Nagas are back to manifest the truth of
the True and Living God. My so-called Latinos/Hispanics know you are that Naga and continue to keep it a part of your
vocabulary. I hear you saying Nigger and My Nigger on the streets, buses and trains. In your super conscious you
know its not negative and you are Divine People of the Most High God, the Nagas. We are raising the Kundalini energy
up our spine to awaken the Third Eye which is the Penal gland and be our Divine Selves again. (2) We’re back. All
praises due to Allah who came in the person of Himself. The Father - Arm-Leg-Leg-Arm-Head - for giving US a thorough
Knowl-edge of SELF through the Science of Living Mathematics. The force is YOU My Naga. (3) The powers that were/
are trying to keep us ignorant to ourselves by advocating not saying Naga/Nigga because they know the power of that
word. A few B-LACKS are advocat-ing stop saying the “N” word. Keep saying Naga and explain the word’s
meaning, power and true origin and together we will change the word for the better.
This is Supreme Refinement,OUR POWER IS THE TRUTH. The Truth is the Light and WE ARE THE LIGHT OF
THE WORLD. Power is energy and Living Mathematics is the highest form of living energy. (3) The Truth shall set you
free MY NAGAS.
Power Equality Allah See Equality (PEACE)
by JUSTICE HAKIM ALLAH - THE SUPERSTAR *7
107
Grow and learn
I did not know Allah, the Father personally, although I was actively involved in the middle 1960’s
in what was popularly known as the struggle for Black Liberation, or the Black Revolutionary Movement.
Organizations such as the Black Panther Party and The Black Liberation Army were my primary examples
of how to make the best contribution towards the freedom of our people from the racist social, economic
and political oppression by the white man.
It was the era where we as young black men and women embraced our blackness and were
convinced that through armed struggle we could secure freedom and justice for the masses of black
people here in America and throughout the world. There were many black men and women who
advocated the revolutionary ideal. There was Huey Newton and Bobby Seale, the leaders of the Black
Panther Party. Also, Eldridge Cleaver, another Black Revolutionary and recognized leader of the Black
Panther Party who wrote a book entitled “Soul On Ice” which was, as I remember a required reading in
the New York City Board of Education’s High School curriculum. There was H. Rap Brown, who also wrote
a book entitled “Die Nigger Die” which ignited the masses of us who were conscious of the imposed
poverty, unemployment, police brutality, and the influx of drugs in the black urban communities or
“slums” of the cities of this country towards action to bring about change. There was also Frantz Fanon’s
classic works of literature entitled “The Wretched Of The Earth” and, “Black Skin, White Masks” which
explained for us – young, black and determined revolutionaries the psychology of our oppression and
conditions as a people who were powerless and manipulated by the white elite power structure of
America, France and England.
Yes I, remember, how we, being young, black and determined to change the world embraced and
were motivated by the “movement” of the times. It was the mid- sixties. The era of the Vietnam War. A
period of great change in the thinking and ambitions of our people.
So many events occurred during that time. Muhammad Ali was the world heavy weight boxing champion.
He was our hero. He spoke out against the Vietnam War and we loved him for his courage and his stand.
He stood up for what was right.
Tragedy was also a part of our history. We were witness to the assassinations of both El Hajj Malik
El Shabazz (Malcolm X) and the Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. And as we began to enter the period of
the 1970’s we began to notice a change in the attitude and direction of the revolution. However, I would
like to at this point provide you the reader with information on the C.I.A. and F.B.I. covert (hidden)
operation known as COINTELPRO which was and I suspect still is responsible for the undermining and
destruction of the Black Panther Party and the murder of so many revolutionaries. I think you will find it
interesting to illustrate how effectively the devil can destroy us from within.
I have also included a letter from the Father of Tupac Shakur to the family of Christopher Wallace
– known and loved by us as Biggie Smalls. It is also proof of how easily the devil can have us turn
against each other and destroy ourselves. Knowledge and Learn. The devil is real
PEACE AND ONE
GOD DIVINE PRINCE ALLAH
108
109
COINTELPRO
FBI Domestic Intelligence Activities
COINTELPRO Revisited - Spying & Disruption
IN BLACK AND WHITE: THE F.B.I. PAPERS
Following are transcripts of official FBI COINTELPRO documents obtained under the Freedom
of Information Act. The March 4, 1968 communique was sent out by J. Edgar Hoover himself
just one month before the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. It specifically
identified Elijah Muhammad and the Nation of Islam as primary targets of COINTELPRO, as
well as Rev. King's Southern Christian Leadership Conference. Other released FBI
documents show the Bureau had infiltrators within Macolm X's Muslim Mosque, Inc. Still
others prove the FBI had undercover in the very room when he was assassinated; one such
agent actually administered mouth-to-mouth to the dying man.
Note: in the originally released documents, most of the names of COINTELPRO targets are
censored. However, the names which are included here exactly fit the spaces marked out
by the FBI. It is also now known that all of these individuals were in fact targeted for
"neutralization" by the FBI.
[Some emphases added by the editor.]
SAC, Albany August 25, 1967
PERSONAL ATTENTION TO ALL OFFICES
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
[From] Director, FBI
COUNTERINTELLIGENCE PROGRAM
BLACK NATIONALIST - HATE GROUPS INTERNAL SECURITY
[...] The purpose of this new counterintelligence endeavor is to expose, disrupt,
misdirect, discredit, or OTHERWISE NEUTRALIZE [emphasis added] the activities of black
nationalist hate-type organizations and groupings, their leadership, spokesmen, member-
ship, and supporters, and to counter their propensity for violence and civil disorder.
The activities of all such groups of intelligence interest to the Bureau must be
followed on a continuous basis so we will be in a position to promptly take advantage of
all opportunities for counterintelligence and inspire action in instances where
circumstances warrant. The pernicious background of such groups, their duplicity, and
devious maneuvers must be exposed to public scrutiny where such publicity will have a
neutralizing effect. Efforts of the various groups to consolidate their forces or to
recruit new or youthful adherents must be frustrated. NO OPPORTUNITY SHOULD BE MISSED TO
EXPLOIT THROUGH COUNTERINTELLIGENCE TECHNIQUES THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND PERSONAL CONFLICTS
OF THE LEADERSHIPS OF THE GROUPS AND WHERE POSSIBLE AN EFFORT SHOULD BE MADE TO CAP-
ITALIZE UPON EXISTING CONFLICTS BETWEEN COMPETING BLACK NATIONALIST ORGANIZATIONS.
[emphasis added] When an opportunity is apparent to disrupt or NEUTRALIZE [emphasis add-
ed] black nationalist, hate-type organizations through the cooperation of established lo-
cal news media contacts or through such contact with sources available to the Seat of
Government [Hoover's office]*, in every instance careful attention must be given to the
proposal to insure the targeted group is disrupted, ridiculed, or discredited through the
publicity and not merely publicized...
110
You are also cautioned that the nature of this new endeavor is such that UNDER NO
CIRCUMSTANCES SHOULD THE EXISTENCE OF THE PROGRAM BE MADE KNOWN OUTSIDE THE BUREAU
[emphasis added] and appropriate within-office security should be afforded to sensitive
operations and techniques considered under the program.
No counterintelligence action under this program may be initiated by the field without
specific prior Bureau authorization. [Emphasis in orig.]
---
* [EDITOR'S NOTE: "Seat of Government" (SOG) is an official designation created by J.
Edgar Hoover to refer to his own office. Hoover was director of the FBI for some 40
years, even receiving a special exemption from compulsory retirement by President Ford.
The "SOG" appellation is indicative of his egotistical view of his power, which saw pres-
idents come and go.]
COUNTERINTELLIGENCE PROGRAM 3/4/68
BLACK NATIONALIST - HATE GROUPS
RACIAL INTELLIGENCE
GOALS
~~~~~
For maximum effectiveness of the Counterintelligence Program, and
to prevent wasted effort, long-range goals are being set.
1. Prevent the COALITION of militant black nationalist groups. In unity there is
strength; a truism that is no less valid for all its triteness. An effective coalition of
black nationalist groups might be the first step toward a real "Mau Mau" [Black
revolutionary army] in America, the beginning of a true black revolution.
2. Prevent the RISE OF A "MESSIAH" who could unify, and electrify, the militant
black nationalist movement. Malcolm X might have been such a "messiah;" he is the martyr
of the movement today. Martin Luther King, Stokely Carmichael and Elijah Muhammad all
aspire to this position. Elijah Muhammad is less of a threat because of his age.
King could be a very real contender for this position should he abandon his supposed
"obedience" to "white, liberal doctrines" (nonviolence) and embrace black nationalism.
Carmichael has the necessary charisma to be a real threat in this way.
3. Prevent VIOLENCE on the part of black nationalist groups. This is of primary
importance, and is, of course, a goal of our investigative activity; it should also be a
goal of the Counterintelligence Program to pinpoint potential troublemakers and
neutralize them before they exercise their potential for violence.
4. Prevent militant black nationalist groups and leaders from
gaining RESPECTABILITY, by discrediting them to three separate segments of the community.
The goal of discrediting black nationalists must be handled tactically in three ways.
You must discredit those groups and individuals to, first, the responsible Negro
community. Second, they must be discredited to the white community, both the responsible
community and to "liberals" who have vestiges of sympathy for militant black nationalist
[sic] simply because they are Negroes. Third, these groups must be discredited in the
eyes of Negro radicals, the followers of the movement. This last area requires entirely
different tactics from the first two. Publicity about violent tendencies and radical
statements merely enhances black nationalists to the last group; it adds "respectability"
in a different way.
111
5. A final goal should be to prevent the long-range GROWTH of militant black
organizations, especially among youth. Specific tactics to prevent these groups from
converting young people must be developed. [...]
TARGETS
~~~~~~~
Primary targets of the Counterintelligence Program, Black Nationalist-Hate Groups, should
be the most violent and radical groups and their leaders. We should emphasize those
leaders and organizations that are nationwide in scope and are most capable of disrupting
this country.
These targets, members, and followers of the:
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
Revolutionary Action Movement (RAM)
NATION OF ISLAM (NOI) [emphasis added]
Offices handling these cases and those of Stokely Carmichael of SNCC, H. Rap Brown
of SNCC, Martin Luther King of SCLC, Maxwell Stanford of RAM, and Elijah Muhammad of NOI,
should be alert for counterintelligence suggestions.
-----
[SOURCE: Brian Glick, _The_War_At_Home:
_Covert_Action_Against_U.S._Activists_And_What_We_Can_Do_About_It_
(Boston: South End Press, 1989)
ISBN: 0-89608-349-7.]
112
TEN POINT PLAN OF THE BLACK PANTHER PARTY
1. WE WANT FREEDOM. WE WANT POWER TO DETERMINE THE DESTINY OF OUR BLACK AND
OPPRESSED COMMUNITIES.
2. WE WANT FULL EMPLOYMENT FOR OUR PEOPLE .
3. WE WANT AN END TO THE ROBBERY BY RHE CAPITALISTS OF OUR LACK AND OP-
PRESSED COMMUNITIES.
4. WE WANT DECENT HOUSING, FIT FOR THE SHELTER OF HUMAN BEINGS.
5. WE WANT DECENT EDUCATION FOR OUR PEOPLE THAT EXPOSES THE TRUE NATURE OF
THIS DECADENT AMERICAN SOCIETY. WE WANT EDUCATION THAT TEACHES US OUR
TRUE HISTORY AND OUR ROLE IN THE PRESENT-DAY SOCIETY.
6. WE WANT COMPLETELY FREE HEALTH CARE FOR ALL BLACK AND OPPRESSED PEOPLE.
7. WE WANT AN IMMEDIATE END TO POLICE BRUTALITY AND MURDER OF BLACK PEOPLE,
OTHER PEOPLE OF COLOR, ALL OPPRESSED PEOPLE INSIDE THE UNITED STATES.
8. WE WANT AN IMMEDIATE END TO ALL WARS OF AGGRESSION.
9. WE WANT FREEDOM FOR ALL BLACK AND OPPRESSED PEOPLE NOW HELD IN U.S.
FEDERAL, STATE, COUNTY, CITY AND MILITARY PRISONS AND JAILS. WE WANT TRIALS BY
A JURY OF PEERS FOR ALL PERSONS CHARGED WITH SO-CALLED CRIMES UNDER THE
LAWS OF THIS COUNTRY.
10. WE WANT LAND, BREAD, HOUSING, EDUCATION, JUSTICE, PEACE AND PEOPLE’S
COMMUNITY CONTROL OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY.
113
1. We believe that Black and oppressed people will not be free until we are able to determine our destinies in
our own communities ourselves, by fully controlling all the institutions which exist in our communities.
2. We believe that the federal government is responsible and obligated to give every person employment or a
guaranteed income. We believe that if the American businessmen will not give full employment, then the
technology and means of production should be taken away from the businessmen and placed in the
community so that the people of the community can organize and employ all of it’s people and give a high
standard of living.
3. We believe that this racist government has robbed us and now we are demanding the overdue debt of forty
acres and two mules. Forty acres and two mules were promised 100 years ago as restitution for slave labor
and mass murder of Black people. We will accept the payment in currency which will be distributed to our
many communities. The American racist has taken part in the slaughter of our fifty million Black people.
Therefore, we feel this is a modest demand that we make.
4. We believe that if the landlords will not give decent housing to our Black and oppressed communities, then
housing and the land should be made into cooperatives so that the people in our communities, with
government aid, can build and make decent housing for the people.
5. We believe in an educational system that will give to our people a knowledge of the self. If you do not have
knowledge of yourself and your position in the society and in the world, then you will have little chance to
know anything else.
6. We believe that the government must provide, free of charge, for the people, health facilities which will not
only treat our illnesses, most of which have come about as a result of our oppression, but which will also
develop preventive medical programs t guarantee our future survival. We believe that mass health education
and research programs must be developed to give all Black and oppressed people access to advanced
scientific and medical information, so we may provide our selves with proper medical attention and care.
7. We believe that the racist and fascist government of the United States uses the domestic enforcement
agencies to carry out its program of oppression against black people, other people of color and poor people
inside the united states. We believe it is our right, therefore, to defend ourselves against such armed forces
and that all Black and oppressed people should be armed for self defense of our homes and communities
against these fascist police forces.
8. We believe that the various conflicts which exist around the world stem directly from the aggressive desire
of the United States ruling circle and government to force its domination upon the oppressed people of the
world. We believe that if the United States government or its lackeys do not cease these aggressive wars it
is the right of the people to defend themselves by any means necessary against their aggressors.
9. We believe that the many Black and oppressed people now held in United States prisons and jails have not
received fair and impartial trials under a racist and fascist judicial system and should be free from
incarceration. We believe in the ultimate elimination of all wretched, inhuman penal institutions, because the
masses of men and women imprisoned inside the United States or by the United States military are the
victims of oppressive conditions which are the real cause of their imprisonment. We believe that when per-
sons are brought to trial they must be guaranteed, by the United States, juries of their peers, attorneys of
their choice and freedom from imprisonment while awaiting trial.
10. When in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bonds
which have connected them with another, and to assume, among the powers of the earth, the separate and
equal station to which the laws of nature and nature’s God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions o
mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.
We hold these truths t be self-evident, that all men are created equal; that they are endowed with certain
unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these
rights, government are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed;
that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to
alter or to abolish it, and to institute a new government, laying its foundation on such principles, and
organizing its powers in such form as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness.
Prudence, indeed, will dictate that governments long established should not be changed for light and
transient causes; and, accordingly, all experience hath shown that mankind are most disposed to suffer,
while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed.
But, when a long train of abuses and usurpation, pursuing invariably the same object, evinces a design to
reduce them under absolute despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such government, and to
provide new guards for their future security.
114
ALLAH’S NATION
OF THE GODS AND EARTHS
WHAT WE TEACH
1. That Black People are the Original People of the Planet Earth.
2. That Black People are the Fathers and Mothers of Civilization.
3. That the science of Supreme Mathematics is the key to understanding man's relationship to the Universe.
4. Islam is a natural way of life, not a religion.
5. That education should be fashioned to enable us to be self sufficient as a people.
6. That each one should teach one according to their knowledge.
7. That the Blackman is GOD and his proper name is ALLAH (Arm, Leg, Leg, Arm, Head).
8. That our children are our link to the future and they must be nurtured, respected, loved, protected and educated.
9. That the unified Black family is the vital building block of the Nation
What We Will Achieve
1.) National Consciousness: National Consciousness is the consciousness of our origin in thi world,
which is divine. As a nation of people we are the first in existence and all other peoples derived from us.
National Consciousness is the awareness of the unique history and culture of Black people and the
unequaled contributions we have made to world civilization, by being the fathers and mothers of civ-
ilization. National Consciousness is the awareness that we are all one people regardless to our geo-
graphical origins and that we must work and struggle as one if we are to liberate ourselves from the dom-
ination of outside forces and bring into existence a Universal Government of Love, Peace and Happi-
ness for all the people of the planet.
2.) Community Control: Community Control of the educational, economic, political, media and health
institutions on our community. Our demand for Community Control flows naturally out of our science of
life, which teaches that we are the Supreme Being in person and the sole controllers of our own destiny;
thus we must have same control on the collective level that we strive to attain on the individual level. It is
prerequisite to our survival that we take control of the life sustaining goods and services that every
community needs in order to maintain and advance itself and advance civilization. Only when we have
achieved complete Community Control will we be able to prove to the world the greatness and majesty of
our Divine Culture, which is Mathematics.
3.) Peace: Peace is the absence of confusion (chaos) and the absence of confusion is Order. Law and
Order is the very foundation upon which our Science of Life rest. Supreme Mathematics is the Law and
Order of the Universe; this is the Science of Islam, which is
Peace. Peace is Supreme Understanding between people for the benefit of the whole. We will achieve
Peace, in ourselves, in our communities, in our nation and in the world. This is our ultimate goal.
115
Mutulu Shakur wrote the following letter to B.I.G's family after B.I.G's murder:
THE SHAKUR FAMILY EXTENDS OUR SYMPATHYS TO MS.WALLACE, SISTER FAITH,
AND BROTHER BIGGIE'S SON AND DAUGHTER.
To Brother Biggie's Family;
We believe the lost of Biggie and Tupac will have a tremendous impact on our younger
generation. When all the facts are received and analyzed, it will show through all the negative and false
accusations and unprincipled actions in the public which is where our young draws its influence, Brother
Biggie acted in a principle way toward our son and his public actions were principled by their very nature
which was true to the life game in which he lived.
Our family has not come to any final conclusion as to who killed our son, Tupac. Nor, why he was
killed. His murder and the death of Yafeu "Kadafi" Fula son of Yaasmyn Fula and P.O.W. SEKOU ODINGA
a month after Tupac, and the senseless murder of Javana Thomas the daughter of Freedom Fighter Innie
Thomas and the late B.L.A commander JOHN THOMAS has our family and extended family in constant
grief as well as searching for the truth in all matters. It has always been our position that with no
investigation, no right to speak or act. We are continuing our investigation as to determining the truth of
all actions and the matters associated with reasons; thereby determining our actions.
We do know that Brother Biggie was a part of an industry that has been under attack from the
highest form of government officials. They have targeted Tupac, Sister Souljah, Ice T, Ice Cube, and
Snoop Dogg to just name a few. The object of this attack reportedly was the lyrics' contents and the
connection to crime. "If" this is/was the only case why would devil worshippers (music and artist) not be
hounded out also? Since they openly worship the devil in a so-called, God fearing country. (Their music
and profane religion outright denounces the government while preaching mayhem destructions and even
death to their parents, government and even nonbelievers in their philosophical satanism).
Yes, we must take responsibility for our own actions. We must acknowledge that we have powers
to shape minds and souls. Tupac, Biggie and Yafeu all could bring us closer to the real deal or turn us in
upon ourselves. That power is not easy to comprehend when your only goal is to "come up". The struggle
of saving and speaking for has been a tremendous task for most if not all leaders. But, this government
and those who have profited from the music culture of Black people; really know "power" and how to
utilize it both internally and externally. Their goal has been long range and very specific to their
economical survival and political agenda. Whereas our loved ones; our rappers, wanted to explain
their pain and indentify from where they came, and describe their present life and at times asked us to
hope for a better tomorrow, if all things were fair.
If our family's' (SHAKURS) lack of response to rumors and allegations contributed to any
confusion as to what principle we stand on; let it be known and clear!! We do not believe in
COINCIDENCES. We believe history has demonstrated that the murders of Black people (young & old)
who can have a profound impact; those who refuse to "Bow Down", even if they themselves are not clear
on the reasons why, have and will be targeted by the government at its highest level. These murders
have historically proven over time to have the hand of government secret agents or the stimulation by
the government for negative responses and was initiated by these agents working on behalf of the
government and their secret agendas
116
We mourn Brother Biggie and Tupac with the rest of the Black Nation because they (our son,
brother, father and leader in their own rights) have clearly been victims of a set of circumstances which
was implemented outside of their control and/or ability to influence. While I disagree with the method of
discussing issues of our internal contradictions in the entertainment media. Tupac in his Makaveli record
clearly changed his wrongful view of who shot him and who was heading it in New York, and why? That's
not to say that we know the Makaveli allegations is correct, only that any "Fan" of Tupac's would surely
have known that Tupac revised his wrongful (stance) against Biggie's involvement concerning his
shooting in New York. And he wanted his "Fans" to know it. It is common knowledge that Brother Biggie
was under surveillance by the FBI or other goverment agents. And his every movement was reportedly
being watched concerning a parole or possible parole violation. How come those agents did not protect
him, or at least apprehend or pursue the people who did the shooting? (and, the same must be said, for
my son Tupac). The tactics by law enforcement agencies in the past have been to arrest these high
profile artists on gun violations. Leaving them in a "catch 22" situation to violate parole by defending
themselves. Or leaving themselves defenseless making them easy prey for a would be assassin and
stick-up kid. Surely, the FBI was at the party.
AFENI and I have never supported a Crip vs Blood feud as presented by the Las Vegas Police
concerning our son's assassination. And, I have always pushed the "Codes of the Thug Life". Which
demands that the various crews select representatives and sit down at the peace table and talk about
any disputes and misunderstanding that falls between them. Our life is committed to our people, even
with the death our own Tupac and Yaki. (They are not the only martyrs of our family killed under
questionable circumstances, and probably won't be the last. Though I pray otherwise). If we, on the East
Coast and the West Coast or the Crips and Bloods (as well as other rival Black Gangs and Street
Organizations) began to kill each other (ourselves) over or, for unclear reasons in revenge for matters we
are not sure of, we will be killing good potential warriors, who will be needed greatly in the face of OUR
REAL STRUGGLE against THE REAL ENEMY (Like you don't know!!!) who has masterminded the
dissension that now exists between families of the same Nation by eradicating ourselves with (Black on
Black) crimes.
What we must understand is that our warriors are needed when it has been proven beyond
contradiction that the CIA were principal importers of Crack Cocaine and Cocaine period into the hood,
initiating the newly created Drug laws that were blatantly racially motivated to set into motion tactics of
genocide to destroy and lock away our brothers and sisters for the rest of their lives. They have also
created conditions that breed the worst in us. Look at how long the struggle in South Afrika was
extended because of the fighting of (Afikan on Afrikan) Zulas against A.N.C and P.A.A.C. Rap music and
the Hip-Hop nation is a movement unclear of its final objectives, but a movement nevertheless, with
potentials this government already fully understands and is prepared to destroy. If we look back in our
history on the Black Nationalist Movement, the assassination of BUNCHY CARTER and JOHN HUGGINS
two great Panthers on the West Coast by the members of U.S. organizations ran by Mr.Ron Karaga.
After years of my investigation as a member of the National Task Force for Cointelpro Litigation
Research, in connection with GERONIMO JI JAGAS' trial. The motivation and participation in the murders
by the FBI has been proven beyond a doubt. The murder- assassination of ROBERT WEBB, a West Coast
Panther functioning out of New York, killed on 125th St. and 7th Ave, sparked a vengeful killing of
another great Panther, SAM NAPIER.
The assassination of ROBERT WEBB was revealed to be FBI motivated as well as their direct
participation in his assassination which in design was to split the parties East Coast and West Coast
connection. At that time many of us functioned out of our emotions and ignorance and played into it.
These types of specified killings helped to destroy our movement, accomplishing the governments' goals.
Don't go for it!!! Learn from our past mistakes...Act at all times by rationale and reasoning. We do not
want the death of Tupac or Biggie to be used as a base for internal fractional side contradictions. Nor for
Biggie and Tupac to be used to fuel further strife, dissension, and destruction internally by the Federal/
Mass Media governing the situation. In the name of Biggie and Tupac, stop playing yourselves, and start
putting resources into the real struggle. Show love to your warriors, pay attention to the game that's
being played on/against us.
SEARCH FOR TRUTH!!!
117
Don't look at who shot Biggie and Tupac, but WHY they were shot. Don't be fooled by the media that
(seldom if ever had a kind word for rappers) has never shown real concern for your/our welfare.
STOP FAKING TUFF...BE TUFF...!!!
Remember Biggie for being a principled man, not playing into the media's hype; jumping the gun even in
the face of some clear disrespect which I apologize for. Don't allow them to continue to play them.
Instead show them love...Tupac and Biggie will talk on another plane. Let Tupac's and Biggie's fans grow
into a true bond like when they first started out.
Let's do it for them!!! Continue to search for truth. May ALLAH give comfort to Brother Biggie's family.
Especially his offspring as well as friends and fans.
MUCH LOVE TO YOU BIGGIE!!!
To all the Thugs; Live by the code, protect yourselves at ALL times.
Failure to do so could cost us all.
SINCERELY, DR. MUTULU SHAKUR STIFF RESISTANCE!!
118
MALIK EL SHABAZZ B0BBY SEALE HUEY P NEWTON ELDRIDGE CLEAVER KATHLEEN CLEAVER FRED HAMPTON
ANGELA DAVIS ALLAH THE FATHER AFENI SHAKUR / TUPAC SHAKUR ASSATA SHAKUR GEORGE JACKSON JOHNATHAN JACKSON
HON. ELIJAH REV. DR. STOKLEY CARMAICHAL ROBERT F. WILLIAMS ALPRENTICE ELMER “GERONIMO PRATT
MUHAMMAD MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. “BUNCHY” CARTER
TARGETS OF J. EDGAR HOOVER’S F.B.I
COINTELPRO AND B.O.S.S.I / S.A.C. CAMPAIGNS
MAX STANFORD BLACK LIBERATION ARMY HARLEM MAU MAU
BLACK PANTHER PARTY FOR SELF DE- AKA
MUHAMMAD AHMAD H .RAP BROWN
REVOLUTIONARY ACTION AKA
MOVEMENT JAMIL ABDULLAH
AL-AMIN
STUDENT NONVIOLENT CORDINATING COMMITTEE
REPUBLIC OF NEW AFRIKA NATION OF ISLAM
NATION OF GODS AND EARTHS SOUTHERN CHRISTIAN
LEADERSHIP CONFERENCE
119
TARGETS OF COINTELPRO
ROBERT WILLIAMS AND HIS WIFE MABEL WILLIAMS - CUBA 1962
ROBERT WILLIAMS AND MABEL WILLIAMS SHORTLY BEFORE HIS PASSING 1996
IN MEMORY OF ROBERT FRANKLIN WILLIAMS FEB 26 1925 - OCT 15 1996
120
IN TRIBUTE TO
ROBERT WILLIAMS
WARRIOR
FREEDOM RIDER
AND CHAMPION
FOR
SOCIAL JUSTICE
121
PROLOGUE
FROM THE BOOK - NEGROES WITH GUNS by ROBERT FRANLIN WILLIAMS
FIRST PUBLISHED 1962
Why do I speak to you from exile?
Because a Negro community in the South took up guns in self-defense against racist violence-and used them. I am held
responsible for this action, that for the first time in history American Negroes have armed themselves as a group to defend their homes,
their wives , their children, in a situation where law and order had broken down, where the authorities could not, or rather would not,
enforce their duty to protect Americans from a lawless mob. I accept this responsibility and am proud of it. I have asserted the right of
Negroes to meet the violence of the Ku Klux Klan by armed self-defense-and have acted on it. It has always been an accepted right of
Americans, as the history of our Western states proves, that where the law is unable, or unwilling, to enforce order, the citizens can, and
must, act in self-defense against lawless violence. I believe this right holds for black Americans as well as whites.
Many people will remember that in the summer of 1957the Ku Klux Klan made an armed raid on an Indian community in the
South and were met with determined rifle fire from the Indians acting in self-defense. The nation approved of the action and there were
widespread expressions of pleasure at the defeat of the Kluxers who showed their courage by running away despite their armed superiori-
ty. What the nation doesn't know, because it has never been told, is that the Negro community in Monroe, North Carolina, had set the
example two weeks before when we shot up an armed motorcade of the Ku Klux Klan, including two police cars, which had come to attack
the home of Dr. Albert E. Perry, vice-president of the Monroe chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.
The stand taken by our chapter resulted in the official re-affirmation by the NAACP of the right of self-defense. The Preamble to the reso-
lution of the 50th Convention of the NAACP, New York City, July 1 959, states: " . . . we do not deny, but reaffirm, the right of an individual
and collective self-defense against unlawful assaults. "
Because there has been much distortion o f my position, I wish to make it clear that I do not advocate violence for its own sake
or for the sake of reprisals against whites. Nor am I against the passive resistance advocated by the Reverend Martin Luther King and
others. My only difference with Dr. King is that I believe in flexibility in the freedom struggle. This means that I believe in non-violent tac-
tics where feasible; the mere fact that I have a Sit-In case pending before the U.S. Supreme Court bears this out. Massive civil diso-
bedience is a powerful weapon under civilized conditions where the law safeguards the citizens' right of peaceful demonstrations. In civi-
lized society the law serves as a deterrent against lawless forces that would destroy the democratic process. But where there is a break-
down of the law, the individual citizen has a right to protect his person, his family, his home and his property. To me this is so simple and
proper that it is self-evident.
When an oppressed people show a willingness to defend themselves, the enemy, who is a moral weakling and coward, is
more willing to grant concessions and work for a respectable compromise. Psychologically, moreover, racists consider themselves su-
perior beings and are not willing to exchange their superior lives for our inferior ones. They are most vicious and violent when they can
practice violence with impunity. This we have shown in Monroe. Moreover, when because of our self-defense there is a danger that the
blood of whites may be spilled, the local authorities in the South suddenly enforce law and order when previously they had been compla-
cent toward lawless, racist violence. This too we have proven in Monroe. It is remarkable how easily and quickly state and local police
control and disperse lawless mobs when the Negro is ready to defend himself with arms.
Furthermore, because of the international situation, the Federal Government does not want racial incidents which draw the
attention of the world to the situation in the South. Negro self-defense draws such attention, and the Federal Government will be more
willing to enforce law and order if the local authorities don't. When our people become fighters, our leaders will be able to sit at the con-
ference table as equals, not dependent on the whim and the generosity of the oppressors. It will be to the best interests of both sides to
negotiate just, honorable and lasting settlements.
The majority of white people in the United States have literally no idea of the violence with which Negroes in the South are
treated daily-nay, hourly. This violence is deliberate, conscious, condoned by the authorities. It has gone on for centuries and is going on
today, every day, unceasing and unremitting. It is our way of life. Negro existence in the South has been one long travail, steeped in terror
and blood-our blood. The incidents which took place in Monroe, which I witnessed and which I suffered, will give some idea of the
conditions in the South, conditions that can no longer be borne. That is why, one hundred years after the Civil War began, we Negroes in
Monroe armed ourselves in self-defense and used our weapons. We showed that our policy worked. The lawful authorities of Monroe and
North Carolina acted to enforce order only after, and as a direct result of, our being armed. Previously they had connived with the Ku Klux
Klan in the racist violence against our people. Self defense prevented bloodshed and forced the law to establish order. This is the meaning
of Monroe and I believe it marks a historic change in the life of my people. This is the story of that change.
122
"We Will Meet Violence with Violence"
In 1969 Mrs. Georgia White, a Negro mother of five children who worked in a Monroe hotel as a maid, was kicked down a
flight of stairs into the lobby of the hotel by a white guest. He said he kicked Mrs. White down a flight of stairs because she had been
making too much noise while working in the corridor and had disturbed his sleep. When we asked for an indictment, the chief of
police, A. A. Mauney, refused our request. Finally when we threatened to take legal action by bringing in NAACP lawyers, he relented
and placed this man under a $75 bond. Even though this white defendant subsequently failed to appear in court for his trial, he was not
convicted.
That same day there was another colored woman in court, Mrs. Mary Ruth Reid. Mrs. Reid was eight months pregnant. She
was the victim of an attempted rape by a white man who came to her house, drove her from her house, and then beat her. He caught
her while she was trying to escape down the main highway and knocked her to the ground. Mrs. Reid's six-year-old boy was running
along the side and when the white rapist beat his mother the boy picked up a stick and started hitting the man over the head with it
while his mother escaped. She went to a neighbor's house and her neighbor called the police and gave her aid. The neighbor was a
white woman and she came to court that day with Mrs. Reid. She came and testified that she had seen the defendant chasing Mrs. Reid
and that Mrs. Reid had come to her house in an excited and hysterical state, without shoes, and with her clothes torn from her. This
testimony required considerable courage on the part of Mrs. Reid's white neighbor.
During the trial the defense attorney arranged for the defendant's wife to sit at his side as if she were also involved in the
case. Then the defense attorney appealed to the jury. He said, "Judge, Your Honor, and ladies and gentlemen of the jury, you see this
man. This is his wife. This woman, this white woman is the pure flower of life. She is one of God's lovely creatures , a pure flower. And
do you think this man would have left this pure flower for that?" And he made it appear as if the colored woman was actually on trial.
Then the defense ended by saying, "It's just a matter of whether or not you're going to believe this woman or this white man. Judge,
Your Honor, this man is not guilty of any crime. He was just drinking and having a little fun. " The man was acquitted.
Mrs. Reid had several brothers who had wanted to kill her white attacker before the trial began. But I persuaded them not to
do anything. I said that this was a matter that would be handled legally, that we would get a lawyer-which we did. We brought a
lawyer all the way from New York who wasn't even allowed to take the floor in court. So I was responsible for this would-be rapist not
being punished.
The courtroom was full of colored women and when this man was acquitted they turned to me and said, "Now what are you
going to do? You have opened the floodgates on us. Now these people know that they can do anything that they want to us and there
is no prospect of punishment under law and it means that we have been exposed to these people and you're responsible for it. Now
what are you going to say?" I told them that in a civilized society the law is a deterrent against the strong who would take advantage of
the weak, but the South is not a civilized society; the South is a social jungle. So in cases like this we have to revert to the law of the
jungle; it had become necessary for us to create our own deterrent. I said that in the future we would defend our women and children,
our homes and ourselves with our arms. That we would meet violence with violence.
My statement was reprinted all over the United States. What I had said was, "This demonstration today shows that the Negro
in the South cannot expect justice in the courts. He must convict his attackers on the spot. He must meet violence with violence,
lynching with lynching. " The next day in an interview with the Carolina Times I again pointed to the lack of protection from the courts.
I said, "These court decisions open the way to violence. I do not mean that Negroes should go out and attempt to get revenge for
mistreatments or injustices . . ." I made this statement again on the same day over a Cincinnati radio station. Later that evening in a
telecast interview in Charlotte I again made clear that I was speaking of self-defense when the courts fail to protect us. Since the
principle is so obvious, I couldn't understand the commotion my statement aroused or why it should receive so much national publicity.
Two years previously, when we had shot up the Ku Klux Klan in self-defense, not a single white newspaper in America
reported the incident. We were only serving notice that we would do more of the same, that Negro self-defense was here to stay in
Monroe. So I didn't feel we were doing anything new. I realize now that we were establishing a principle, born out of our
experience, which could, and would, set an example to others.
Looking back, it is clear that racists made a big error in publicizing our stand. Even though it has caused me and my family a
great deal of suffering, the result has been to force a debate on the issue. It also shook up the NAACP considerably out of its timid
attitudes and forced an official reaffirmation from the NAACP of the right of Negroes to self defense against racist violence.
Robert Franklin Williams — NEGROES WITH GUNS … chapter 2 … AN NAACP CHAPTER IS REBORN IN MILITANCY
"We Will Meet Violence with Violence" pgs. 24-27
123
THECRUSADER
M O N T H L Y N E WS L E T T E R
ROBERT F. WILLIAMS, EDITOR - IN EXILE -VOL. 3 - No. 8 APRIL 1962
CUBA : TERRITORIO LIBRE DE AMERICA
Truth Crushed to Earth Shall Rise Again
IT has truly been said that "truth crushed to earth shall rise again." True to this adage, the fighting little CRUSADER Newsletter
returns to the vanguard of liberation struggle. Yes, it yet lives to haunt those who thought they had destroyed it. THE CRUSADER
with its editor in exile is going to be a monthly printed journal. It asking Gov. Michael DiSalle not to extradite Mae Mallory. Mrs.
Mallory was granted an executive hearing and two months later Gov. DiSalle made his decision. It was to extradite Mrs. Mallory back to
Monroe.
Despite thousands of petition signatures, telegrams, and letters of protest from trade unions, civil liberties organizations,
and civic groups not only in Cleveland but throughout the country, Gov. DiSalle made this decision and refused to reverse it. Gov.
DiSalle justified his decision on the basis of two telephone conversations with North Carolina's Gov. Terry Sanford, who "assured"
Gov. DiSalle that "Mrs. Mallory would receive a fair trial in a North Carolina court."
Does this great liberal Governor of Ohio really believe Negroes can secure justice in North Carolina courts just because
the Governor of that state assured him that such justice exists? North Carolina is a state where a Negro man was convicted and
sentenced to five years in prison because it was said that he leered at a white woman, that he looked at her too attentively.
Despite the fact that he was 75 feet away, he was still convicted in a state superior court and sentenced to five years.
This is also a state where just two years ago a seventeen-year-old Negro girl was beaten to death in prison by a guard
because she complained about the bad prison food. The state entered into a settlement with her parents. They paid her parents
$1,900 as a settlement for having killed their daughter.
Evidently this is Gov. DiSalle's concept of "assured" justice for Negroes. Does he find even more reassuring the instances of so
-called North Carolina "justice" that have occurred since the August frame-ups?
124
THECRUSADER
This is a state where in early fall, while Gov. DiSalle was talking over the phone with Gov. Terry Sanford and "carefully
examining the North Carolina record in administered justice," a young girl, a Negro teen-ager, raped by four white men she could
positively identify, was unable to obtain justice from any North Carolina law enforcement agency. When she went to the
Marshville police, the Union County sheriff's office, and finally to the FBI and told them that she had been raped, giving them the
names of the men who had raped her, all refused to do anything about it. The local FBI office refused because they said this was a
local matter. Then finally, when the pressure from the Negro community threatened to become explosive, one of the men was
charged, brought to trial, and in five minutes acquitted.
In this same state, just weeks after Gov. DiSalle made his decision to extradite Mae Mallory, a twenty-year-old Negro was
convicted of rape and sentenced to ten to twenty years in prison. Despite the fact that the white woman involved repeatedly
asserted in court that it was not he who had raped her, the white jury brought in their verdict of guilty. They did this because they
knew that the accused and the woman had been long-time friends — something these people cannot tolerate.
At the same time, in this same state, North Carolina, in this same city, Monroe, another Negro youth, held
incommunicado for twenty days on three trumped-Up charges, was shot in the leg by a policeman when he attempted to escape
from the dungeon cell in which he was being kept in solitary confinement—the same cell in which Richard Griswold was so brutally
beaten. No North Carolina attorney would represent this boy, Jayvan Covington. Finally, two young Washington, D.C . , lawyers
volunteered their services as counsel only a week before the trial was scheduled, but the court refused them more time to
prepare the defense. Jayvan Covington was found guilty of three felony charges and was also convicted on two misdemeanors:
resisting arrest—he wanted to know what he had been arrested for—and attempted escape. He was sentenced to seven to ten
years on these charges . When an appeal was filed, a $15,500 bond was sent pending appeal. So Jayvan Covington is still in his
cell and recently has been threatened with an extra charge of "secret assault" if he goes through with his appeal.
This is the same law, the same court that set bail at $2,000 for a white man, a known member of the Klan, who was
charged with murder, charged with killing a Negro man by shooting him in the back of the head. This white man doesn't even deny
the shooting; he claimed he had caught the Negro peeping into a local joyhouse. A week prior to this, another Negro was shot in the hip
and is in serious condition. Yet he is in jail unable to raise the $8,000 bail while the white man who shot him is free-claiming he shot the
Negro for attempting to break and enter, or for peeping. The Monroe court hasn't decided yet what to call it so it will sound most
believable at trial.
This is North Carolina, the state where the second highest official in the government expressed surprise that I was still
alive when we appealed to him for no more than enforcement of law and order. This is what Governor Sanford would like to have
Mae Mallory return to. This is the type of justice in store for the Negro youth who are now facing trial there, and for John Lowry.
The Mallory case reminds us once more that no Afro American is out of the reach of Klan justice so long as he is on soil
presided over by racists. It is an indictment of American justice to have a Northern state collaborate with the South in a legal
lynching. The Mallory case proves that even a Northern state like Ohio helps the racists. Terry Sanford knows that he can depend
on a fellow Democrat like DiSalle to return fugitive slaves .
To the World: "Take Note of Monroe"
On a date to be fixed after Mae Mallory is returned to North Carolina, my co-defendants will be brought to trial in a
Monroe, North Carolina, courtroom. Only an aroused and outraged world opinion can possibly save them from the frame-up fate
that the authorities have planned. Only an attentiveworld opinion, sharply focused on that Monroe courtroom, can possibly
restrain the racist authorities.
We are asking the world to take note of Monroe, to register its indignation and shock that a government which proclaims
itself leader of the "free world" persecutes its freedom-fighting youth. We have started a world-wide campaign for signatures to a
petition which will be presented to the Human Rights Commission of the United Nations. It demands an immediate international
investigation into the denial of human rights in Monroe. We are asking labor organizations, human rights committees and student
organizations all over the world to join in this protest.
Our one hope for the Monroe defendants is that the United States will be civilized enough and responsive enough to be
mindful that the whole world is disgusted with its treatment of the Afro-American. We hope that the pressure of world
resentment will force the U.S. government to give them justice regardless of their race, regardless of their role as freedom
fighters, and regardless of their dissent in a racist system, and that they will be restored to the decent society of people who
believe in social justice.
This is not a new tactic. World protest saved two young boys from fourteen-year reformatory sentences in the Monroe
"Kissing Case." In 1960, when the Monroe city officials drafted an "urban renewal plan" calling for Federal "slum clearance" funds
to condemn and destroy the houses of the colored community, we telegraphed a protest-appeal to honorary NAACP member
125
THE CRUSADER
In 1961 , after the Cuban invasion fiasco, when President Kennedy justified U.S. intervention for "the cause of freedom," we sent
an open telegram (read at the United Nations) to the President requesting equivalent U.S. tanks, airplanes, artillery, machine
guns, and mercenary troops to fight the Klan in North Carolina. The only difference now is that we will mobilize opinion on a larger
scale. When the racists forced me into exile they unwittingly led me onto a greater field of battle.
This is the time for demonstrations like the one we had in the United Nations protesting the lynching of Patrice Lumumba. We
must display the type of courage that will embarrass this nation before the world. All this time we will further identify our struggle
for liberation with the struggle of our brothers in Africa, and the struggle of the oppressed of Asia and Latin America. They in turn
will further identify their struggle with ours. The U.S. government is powerful enough to eliminate racial discrimination overnight.
But it tolerates and abets Jim Crow.
This government will increasingly discover that every discriminatory action against Afro-Americans it tolerates or abets will be
understood as a crime against their brothers by the "uncommitted" colored peoples it so wishes to influence.
Newsletter obtained from the Book :‘ Negroes With Guns’ by Robert F. Williams
Chapter 6 PGS 66-71 ‘The Monroe Case : Conspiracy Against The Negro’
FROM THE DESK OF GOD DIVINE PRINCE ALLAH
Robert F. Williams was born and raised in Monroe, North Carolina. After serving in the
Marine Cops in the 1950s, he returned to Monroe and in 1956 assumed leadership of the
nearly defunct local NAACP chapter; within six months its membership grew from six to two
hundred. Many of the new members were, like him, military veterans trained in the use of
arms. In the late 1950s the unwillingness of Southern officials to address white violence
against blacks made it increasingly difficult for the NAACP to keep all of its local chapters
committed to non-violence. In 1959, after three white men were acquitted of assaulting black
women in Monroe, Williams publicly proclaimed the right of African Americans to armed self-
defense. The torrent of criticism this statement brought down on the NAACP prompted its
leaders — including Thurgood Marshall, Roy Wilkins, and Martin Luther King, Jr. — to
denounce Williams. The NAACP eventually suspended him, but he continued to make his
case for self-defense.
ROBERT FRANKLIN WIL- To outline and detail for you the specifics of the history of Robert Williams and the
LIAMS
social and political impact which this great Blackman effected in North America and
FEB 26 1925 - OCT 15 1996
throughout the nations of oppressed people of the Earth would require a work as voluminous
Williams in Tanzania 1968
Photo by R C Cohen in size as this book ‘The Legacy Of I God - Book 1’. The information which I, Divine have
placed within this text is available to all. Those who know me, also know that I encourage the
seeker for truth to do their own research. There is s much history of our struggles, our
experiences, our achievements and indeed our losses that has been either hidden from us, or
forgotten and never mentioned. I have included just a glimpse into the persona of one of the
true champions for justice and respect for Black people. His stand against racial violence and
the terrorism of the Ku Klux Klan which were inflicted upon our people in North Carolina and
throughout the Southern and northern territories of the United States, are to me the hallmarks
of his legacy. He was strong, he was vocal, and he along with others less recognized and,
seldom mentioned gave his all through times of great adversity, tribulations, and personal
sacrifice. The campaign of discredidation, intimidation, and threats of death coupled with the
propaganda of The FBI / COINTELPRO operatives did not deter Robert Williams from doing
what was just, and right, … and good.
For me, it is a shame of immense proportions that the life's works and achievements
of Brother Williams and others such as the Father Allah have been cast upon the winds of
obscurity. For every February in the United States there is the recognition of Black men and
Black women whose lives are celebrated in a “grand show” of posthumous tribute and
accolades for what they did, and for what they stood. What about the Robert Walker’s and
others alike our Father and Founder, Allah. Who remembers them? Who cares? It is my hope
that this book, and you, will in time do what so many have failed to do. Keep alive the legacy
of those predecessors who gave their lives for a purpose greater than history will avow. They
Live in order that we may live. Peace God Divine Prince Allah aka Sambo 7
126
MU- LOGO
HAMMAD AHMAD AKA REVOLUTIONARY
MAXWELL CURTIS STANFORD JR. ACTION
REVOLUTIONARY ACTION MOVEMENT MOVEMENT
BORN JULY 31, 1941 Recent Photo
CURRENTLY A PROFESSOR/TEACHER Dr. Muhammad Ahmad
AFRICAN-AMERICAN STUDIES
AT TEMPLE UNIVERSITY
FROM THE DESK OF GOD DIVINE PRINCE ALLAH - THE BLACK POWER MOVEMENT
The article which follows this, my viewpoint and assessment of the so-called Black Power Movement I researched on the
internet and is for all intents and purposes informative and descriptive of the achievements in the life of another little recognized and
seldom mentioned Black man whose commitment to the cause of liberation and social justice for us and other oppressed people
here and America (USA) and throughout the Earth. I have included the full text of the article posted by Lexis Nexis / Academic &
Library Solutions of Bethesda, Maryland. And I at this point extend my appreciation for the work of their editors in accumulating and
preserving the information Mr. Muhammad Ahmad aka Maxwell Stanford and the Revolutionary Action Movement which he and I am
certain others founded at a time of great social unrest, protest, and involvement by many of us in the mid-60’s to early 70’s here in
North America.
The Black Power Movement of the 60s and early 70s - though a largely orchestrated US government and media hyped
exercise in social engineering gave us witness and audience to the rise of the broad dissatisfaction and disenfranchisement of many
intelligent young black men and women who were determined to change the structures which were responsible for the racial
oppression and wretchedness which the majority of our people (19-22 million) were contending with in the rural south and the urban
ghettoes which were described as hell.
Vivid are my remembrances of those days, and the circumstances, events and persons that affected my thinking and my
actions as a young Black man who also desired change and a better life of social, political, and economic standing for my people. It
is a part of my legacy. It contributed to my process of growth and development of my character and as the man I am today. Before I
made what we call the Five Percent decision, that is to embrace the teachings and the culture (way of life) of the Nation of Gods and
Earths, and do my part in adding on to the building, and progress of this nation, I as well identified with the principles of guerilla
warfare (armed struggle) and revolutionary nationalism. I, Divine in my junior and senior years in High School became an active
member of the Brooklyn Branch of the Black Panther Party, and in my first years of college in the CUNY system of New York City
helped organize and was the Chief of Staff of the Black Liberation Party which was active in the southeast Queens (Jamaica, New
York City) and which was modeled after the 10 Point Platform of the Black Panther Party (see pgs. 98-99). I was known back then as
“Cold Blood” the Revolutionary. In Book 2 of “The Legacy of I God” which I intend to publish after this current text, I will include my
autobiography. I do not want to detract from the purpose of this section which is to do honor to another seldom -mentioned and even
less-remembered predecessor of our continuing war against the power elites which seek to destroy us.
It comes to mind that Brother Muhammad survived the covert and overt actions and campaign of propaganda, wrought by
the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Counter Intelligence Program (Cointelpro). Under the orders of its now deceased Director J.
Edgar Hoover. Its intention was to disrupt, disassemble, and totally destroy the Black Revolutionary Movement by any and all means
available - i. e. : media usage to incite internal disputes, incarceration and death by murder of identified Black revolutionaries.
Otherwise known as B.O.S.S.I or B.S.S.I (Bureau of Special Services and Investigations) this federal law enforcement
agency also employed and deployed S.A.C. (Special Agents in Charge) units which worked with local police departments and their
officers to infiltrate targeted revolutionary organizations to abet (encourage criminal acts) and entrap their members in orchestrated
(staged)illegal activities to bring forth indictments against them. To undermine their efforts at educating and organizing their
communities against the powers which were responsible for their impoverishment, oppression, and collective exploitation. In Califor-
nia, New York, New Jersey, Philadelphia, Pa.. Washington D.C. and other regions of North America revolutionaries, and freedom
fighters and others who dared to protest and take a stand against the social, political, and economic policies and contradictions of
the US government here and abroad.
Because of the tactics of the above-mentioned federal, state and local agencies in conjunction and collusion with the courts
effectively prosecuted and incarcerated many young and idealistic revolutionary nationalists such as Maxwell Curtis Stanford who
converted to the religion of Islam adopting the name Muhammad Ahmad. He, unlike many who are still languishing in state and
federal prisons across America survived the onslaught of the Cointelpro Program which was to discredit, render powerless, and to
destroy the black revolutionary fervor of activists, and to discredit their intentions to the people all across the land.
127
DR. MUHAMMAD AHMAD Known as Muhammad Ahmad since his conversion to the religion of Islam since 1970 Mr.
Ahmad is still an active advocate for human civil rights and civil rights. I cannot say
whether he still espouses the tenets of Black Revolutionary Nationalism so popular in the
mid-60’s throughout the 70’s and into the 80’s. He has survived and endured much for the
cause of our liberation. He has with all his tribulations advanced his education and is now
in a position to teach others. He is who one as his name would indicate is “worthy of
praise”. With experience and age comes wisdom. I can identify with Mr. Ahmad and others
alike myself who had input and involvement in the Black Power or Black Revolutionary
Movement experiencing confrontations with police and adverse groups and witnessing the
death of the revolutionary fervor which inflamed our passions for change. It is my hope that
Mr. Muhammad’s legacy as mine serves to encourage all righteous warriors for Freedom
and Justice to step up and do their part in continuing to “fight the power”
The following article is taken from a blog (BlackPast.org) posted by contributor
Johnathan Bradley of the University of Sydney in Australia on the BlackPast.net website
which motto states “Remembered and Reclaimed. The site is an excellent resource for
study and research and I encourage you to log in as a member and contributor and aid
them in their efforts at keeping the history of our struggles alive and for all to have
access. Peace. God Divine Prince Allah
RAM was a black nationalist student group with a philosophy inspired by the self-defense doctrines of former National
Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) leader Robert F. Williams. Williams a former head of the
Monroe, North Carolina NAACP, espoused fighting the Ku Klux Klan directly, “meeting violence with violence.” Inspired
by Williams actions, a group of college students in Wilberforce created an organization they dubbed “Challenge.” The
group’s leader, Donald Freeman, hoped to create a force with the nationalist sentiment with the Nation of Islam and the
direct tactics of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). In the spring of 1962, members elected to
dissolve Challenge, and Freeman, Stanford, and Wanda Marshall established RAM.
Marshall and Stanford met Malcolm X in Harlem in November 1962, and Malcolm would join the organization before
embarking on his his trip to Mecca in 1964. RAM’s philosophy combined elements of Black Nationalism, Marxism, and
Third World internationalism. With RAM, Stanford began promoting selective patronage to force businesses to employ
more black workers. In 1963, Stanford was arrested while part of a group protesting the construction of the Strawberry
Mansion Junior High School in Philadelphia. RAM charged that black construction workers were not allowed jobs on
the project despite its location in an African American community.
Between i964 and 1968, RAM’s attempt to politicize Black Philadelphia drew the attention of the FBI. In 1966 Stanford
and fifteen other RAM members were arrested in New York on charges of conspiring to assassinate NAACP leader Roy
Wilkins, and the Urban League’s Whitney Young. Stanford was acquitted on the charges and he promptly returned to
Philadelphia to establish the Black Guard, a youth and defense wing of RAM. In 1967 Philadelphia police and the FBI
began a campaign of surveillance of RAM. Claiming an informant had told them the group intended to start a riot, police
arrested Stanford on July 26,1967, and 35 more RAM activists over the next month. In 1968, Stanford dissolved RAM,
and by 1969 its members joined other organizations.
In 1970, Stanford converted to Islam and changed his name to Muhammad Ahmad. He returned to college, earned a
Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Massachusetts in 1976, and a Master of Arts from Atlanta University in
1986. His Master’s Thesis was “The Revolutionary Action Movement (RAM) : A Case Study of an Urban Revolutionary
Movement in Western Capitalist Society.” Ahmad gained his Ph.D. from Union Institute and University in 1992, with a
dissertation titled “The Black Liberation Movement : Then and Now, Case Studies of the Class Composition and Atti-
tudes of a Social Movement in a Western Capitalist Society.”
Stanford currently teaches in in the Department of African American Studies at Temple University in Philadelphia
128
H RAP BROWN H. RAP BROWN
JAMIL ABDULLAH AL-AMIN
H. RAP BROWN AND THE STUDENT NONVIOLENT COORDINATING COMMITTEE
Jamil Abdullah Al-Amin was born and given the name Hubert Gerold Brown on October 3, 1943 in
Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Also known as H, Rap Brown while a student at Southern University in Louisiana
from 1960—1964 he joined the civil rights organization The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
(SNCC). He became its Alabama Project director in 1966 and assumed the leadership of SNCC as its national
director after Stokley Carmichael left in May, 1967.
By 1968 Brown had completely abandoned his pacifist beliefs and joined the Black Panther Party. He
quickly developed a reputation for extremist views as reflected in his book, Die Nigger Die!, published in
1969. He is associated with the 60’s rallying call of “Burn, Baby, Burn”, and was arrested and charged with
inciting people to riot and commit arson. He was also accused of importation of a weapon into Louisiana.
Having been imprisoned numerous times between 1967 and 1970 he was shot and captured by New
York City police during an armed robbery. He was sentenced to a prison term of 5 to 15 years which he
served in Attica Prison (New York). He was paroled in 1976 . Converting to Islam and changed his name to
Jamil Abdullah Al-Amin.
After his release in 1976 he became a grocery store owner in Atlanta , Georgia. He also became the
leader of the National Ummah, one of America’s largest Black Muslim groups.
In March 2,000, two police officers, Aldranon English and Ricky Kinchen went to his store to arrest
him on suspicion of theft. Al-Amin opened fire on them with an assault rifle. Both officers were wounded.
Evidence was produced in court that while Kinchen lay bleeding in the street Al-Amin produces a 9mm
handgun and shot him three times. In 2002 Al-Amin was found guilty of murder and sentenced to life
imprisonment.
John Simkin 2013 Spatacus International
www. Spatacus.schoolnet.co.uk
129
LEXISNEXIS PRESENTS UPA COLLECTIONS
Black Studies Research Sources
General Editors, John H. Bracey, Jr., and Sharon Harley
THE BLACK POWER MOVEMENT
Part 3: Papers of the Revolutionary Action Movement,1963–1996
RAM fused Robert F. Williams and Malcolm X with Leaders of the Black Arts Movement such as Larry Neal,
Marxist revolutionary thought Sonia Sanchez, and LeRoi Jones were either members of
RAM or profoundly influenced by RAM.
The Revolutionary Action Movement (RAM) was
the only secular political organization that Malcolm X RAM founds the Black Panther Party
joined before his fateful trip to Mecca in 1964 . Early in
1963, Malcolm took the young Philadelphia militant Max RAM early focused on students, ghetto youths,
Stanford under his wing. During the last few years of and the oppressed in urban communities, including
Malcolm’s life, few persons were as closely associated prisoners and ex-convicts. One student who was
with him as was the young Max Stanford. influenced by the RAM cadre in San Francisco Bay area
was Huey P. Newton. Even before Newton founded the
Stanford was a student militant who had Oakland chapter of the Black Panther Party, Stanford
influenced both the National Student Youth movement organized a Black Panther Party chapter in New York
and the Students for a Democratic Society in the early City.RAM activists helped build Black Panther chapters
1960s with a vision of radical black nationalism. Stanford throughout the country. The subsequent counterpoint
fused the thought of Robert F. Williams on armed self- between RAM and the Black Panthers is one of the most
defense with the philosophy of Malcolm X on black self- fascinating strategic debates in the modern African
determination. American freedom struggle. While both groups
targeted dispossessed urban ghetto dwellers, RAM
To these tenets, Stanford added a sophisticated disagreed with the Panther’s penchant for public
Marxian revolutionary philosophy, which he derived posturing and insisted that it was necessary to function
from a close personal association with the legendary as an underground, secret organization.
Queen Mother Audrey Moore. Malcolm put his blessings
on Stanford’s Revolutionary Action Movement by be- RAM is targeted by J. Edgar Hoover over role in ghetto
coming an officer of the organization. RAM in turn rebellions of the 1960s
served as the leading organized proponent of the visions
of Malcolm X, Robert F. Williams, and Queen Mother RAM embraced a form of counter-revisionist
Moore. Marxism that drew heavily upon the thought of Mao
Tse-tung. RAM leaders felt that urban ghettos were ripe
RAM guides SNCC, CORE, and “Black Arts Move- for revolutionary violence. As race riots spread across
ment” leaders toward Revolutionary Black National- America in the summers between 1964 and 1968 RAM
ism mobilized local cells to politicize the actions as urban
rebellions. This finally brought the extent of RAM’s na-
Stanford organized RAM as an “underground” tional organization into the purview of the FBI and the
Cointelpro program.
movement, with the objective of building a revolutionary
Stanford and a dozen other RAM leaders were
cadre among dispossessed urban ghetto dwellers. To this arrested in 1967 on never-substantiated charges of
plotting to assassinate Roy Wilkins, Whitney M. Young,
end, RAM infiltrated civil rights organizations and and other mainstream civil right leaders. FBI Director J.
Edgar Hoover personally testified before Congress on
encouraged a shift toward Marxism and revolutionary RAM’s ubiquitous role in the urban rebellions. In 1968,
Stanford dissolved the formal organization of RAM and
black nationalism. RAM members were pivotal in in- instructed all cadre members to go underground.
fluencing the adoption of Black Power by erstwhile inte-
grationists in the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Com-
mittee (SNCC) and the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
in the mid 1960s. RAM stridently opposed the conciliato-
ry philosophy of Martin Luther King, Jr. and the NAACP
hierarchy. Instead it inspired a new generation of
130
Legacy of RAM extends for decades • RAM internal documents.
The collection includes many internal rules, guidelines,
Stanford himself jumped bail after being communiqué's, pamphlets, flyers and other
organizational documents of RAM from the 1960s.
brutalized in a New York City jail. From his
“underground” status, he strongly influenced local • Records on Allied Organizations.
There are records documenting the connection between
revolutionary movements until his recapture in 1973. RAM and several organizations it worked through, in-
cluding African Peoples Party, Black Liberation Army,
Among the most important of his contributions Black Panther Party, Black United Front, Black Workers
Congress, Institute of Black Studies, League of Revo-
were his assistance to Amiri Baraka and the Newark, lutionary Black Workers, Republic of New Africa, and
Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee.
New Jersey, movement, his support for members of the
Black Liberation Army under Assata Shakur, and his en- • Publications.
The collection includes rare serials produced by RAM
couragement of the League of Revolutionary Black and its local cadres including “Black America,”
Soulbook,” Unity and Stuggle” [issues not contained in
Workers in Detroit. He was influential in efforts to Part 1 of The Black Power Movement series] “Black Van-
guard,” “Crossroads,” and “Jihad News.”
encourage Robert F. Williams to assume a nationally
• Government Documents.
prominent leadership role upon Williams return from Including FBI file on Max Stanford, evidence submissions
in the assassination plot trial in New York, and testimo-
exile in China. Stanford helped found the African Lib- ny about RAM’s role in the urban rebellions.
eration Support Committee and promoted the concept
• Subject Files.
of “reparations” to descendants of American slavery. The subject files cover key leaders associated with RAM
including Malcolm X, Robert F. Williams, Amiri Baraka,
And he remained an important voice of criticism of Black and Assata Shakur, as well as on subjects such as the
Black Power Conferences, the reparations movement,
Panther strategies of the 1970s. U.S. intelligence agencies, political prisoners, and more.
He established the African Peoples Party in the 17 reels. ISBN 1-55655-927-5.
Microfilm and guide available now
early 1970s in an effort to keep the flame of rev-
Source note:
olutionary nationalism alive. While underground he em- Material in this collection is drawn from the private
braced Islam and since the early 1970s, he has been holdings of RAM leaders.
known as Muhammad Ahmad. Since the 1970s, he has
been one of the leading historians and theoreticians of
revolutionary black nationalism.
Components of the Collection
•Writings and correspondence of Muhammad Ahmad
(Max Stanford)
Because RAM was essentially an “underground”
network of cadre cells, many of Ahmad’s influential
writings on revolutionary theory and practice were never
published in any formal sense. This edition brings
together the essential published and unpublished
writings from the early 1960s to the 1990s. There are
also drafts of his several histori-
cal essays about the movement,
4520 East-West Highway
Bethesda, Md. 20814-3389
800-638-8380 • 301-657-3203 (fax) • [email protected]
www.lexisnexis.com/academic
131
ELIMINATION BY MURDER
IN REMEMBRANCE OF EL HAJJ MALIK EL SHABAZZ
AND GRANDSON MALCOLM LATIF SHABAZZ
“The formula for a pub-
lic assassination is: the
character assassination
before the physical
assassination; so one
has to be made killable
before the eyes of the
public in order for their
eventual murder to then
be deemed justifiable.
And when the time
arrives for these hits to
be carried out you’re not
going to see a C.I.A.
agent with a suit and tie,
and a badge that says
MALCOLM LATIF SHABAZZ “C.I.A.” walk up to
OCTOBER 8, 1984 - MAY 9, 2013 someone, and pull the
trigger. What they will
do is out-source to local
EL HAJJ MALIK EL SHABAZZ police departments in
MAY 19, 1925 - FEBRUARY 21, 1965
the region of their target, and employ those who look like the target of in-
terest to infiltrate the workings in order to set up the environment for the
eventual assassination (character, physical incarceration, exile) to
take place”.
MALCOLM LATIF SHABAZZ
“The Media’s the most powerful entity on earth. They have the power to make the innocent guilty and to make the
guilty innocent, and that’s power. Because they control the minds of the masses”.
EL HAJJ MALIK EL SHABAZZ AKA MALCOLM
132
COINTELPRO
THE NAKED TRUTH
FBI Domestic Intelligence Activities
INTRODUCTION
Activists across the country report increasing government harassment and disruption of their work:
-In the Southwest, paid informers infiltrate the church services, Bible classes and support networks of clergy and lay workers
giving sanctuary to refugees from El Salvador and Guatemala.
-In Alabama, elderly Black people attempting for the first time to exercise their right to vote are interrogated by FBI agents
and hauled before federal grand juries hundreds of miles from their homes.
-In New England, a former CIA case officer cites examples from his own past work to warn college students of efforts by
undercover operatives to misdirect and discredit protests against South African and US racism.
-In the San Francisco Bay Area, activists planning anti-nuclear civil disobedience learn that their meetings have been
infiltrated by the US Navy.
-In Detroit, Seattle, and Philadelphia, in Cambridge, MA, Berkeley, CA., Phoenix, AR., and Washington, DC., churches
and organizations opposing US policies in Central America report obviously political break ins in which important papers are stolen
or damaged, while money and valuables are left untouched. License plates on a car spotted fleeing one such office have been traced
to the US National Security Agency.
-In Puerto Rico, Texas and Massachusetts, labor leaders, community organizers, writers and editors who advocate Puerto
Rican independence are branded by the FBI as "terrorists," brutally rounded-up in the middle of the night, held incommunicado for
days and then jailed under new preventive detention laws.
-The FBI puts the same "terrorist" label on opponents of US intervention in El Salvador, but refuses to investigate the
possibility of a political conspiracy behind nation-wide bombings of abortion clinics.
-Throughout the country, people attempting to see Nicaragua for themselves find their trips disrupted, their private papers
confiscated, and their homes and offices plagued by FBI agents who demand detailed personal and political information.
These kinds of government tactics violate our fundamental constitutional rights. They make it enormously difficult to sustain
grass-roots organizing. They create an atmosphere of fear and distrust which undermines any effort to challenge official policy.
Similar measures were used in the 1960s as part of a secret FBI program known as "COINTELPRO." COINTELPRO was later
exposed and officially ended. But the evidence shows that it actually persisted and that clandestine operations to discredit and disrupt
opposition movements have become an institutional feature of national and local government in the US. This pamphlet is designed to
help current and future activists learn from the history of COINTELPRO, so that our movements can better withstand such attack.
The first section gives a brief overview of what we know the FBI did in the 60s. It explains why we can expect similar government
intervention in the 80s and beyond, and offers general guidelines for effective response.
The main body of the pamphlet describes the specific methods which have previously been used to undermine domestic dissent and
suggests steps we can take to limit or deflect their impact.
A final chapter explores ways to mobilize broad public protest against this kind of repression.
Further readings and groups that can help are listed in back. The pamphlet's historical analysis is based on confidential
internal documents prepared by the FBI and police during the 60s.
It also draws on the post-60s confessions of disaffected government agents, and on the testimony of public officials before Congress
and the courts. Though the information from these sources is incomplete, and much of what was done remains secret, we now know
enough to draw useful lessons for future organizing. The suggestions included in the pamphlet are based on the author's 20 years
experience as an activist and lawyer, and on talks with long-time organizers in a broad range of movements. They are meant to
provide starting points for discussion, so we can get ready before the pressure intensifies. Most are a matter of common sense once
the methodology of covert action is understood. Please take these issues seriously. Discuss the recommendations with other activists.
Adapt them to the conditions you face. Point out problems and suggest other approaches. It is important that we begin now to protect
our movements and ourselves.
133
A HISTORY TO LEARN FROM
WHAT WAS COINTELPRO?
"COINTELPRO" was the FBI's secret program to undermine the popular upsurge which swept the country during the 1960s. Though
the name stands for "Counterintelligence Program," the targets were not enemy spies. The FBI set out to eliminate "radical" political
opposition inside the US. When traditional modes of repression (exposure, blatant harassment, and prosecution for political crimes)
failed to counter the growing insurgency, and even helped to fuel it, the Bureau took the law into its own hands and secretly used
fraud and force to sabotage constitutionally- protected political activity. Its methods ranged far beyond surveillance, and amounted to
a domestic version of the covert action for which the CIA has become infamous throughout the world.
HOW DO WE KNOW ABOUT IT?
COINTELPRO was discovered in March, 1971, when secret files were removed from an FBI office and released to news media.
Freedom of Information requests, lawsuits, and former agents' public confessions deepened the exposure until a major scandal
loomed. To control the damage and re-establish government legitimacy in the wake of Vietnam and Watergate, Congress and the
courts compelled the FBI to reveal part of what it had done and to promise it would not do it again. Much of what has been learned,
and copies of some of the actual documents, can be found in the readings listed at the back of this pamphlet.
HOW DID IT WORK?
The FBI secretly instructed its field offices to propose schemes to "misdirect, discredit, disrupt and otherwise neutralize "specific
individuals and groups. Close coordination with local police and prosecutors was encouraged. Final authority rested with top FBI
officials in Washington, who demanded assurance that "there is no possibility of embarrassment to the Bureau." More than 2000
individual actions were officially approved. The documents reveal three types of methods:
1. Infiltration: Agents and infor mer s did not mer ely spy on political activists. Their main function was to discr edit
disrupt. Various means to this end are analyzed below.
2. Other forms of deception: The FBI and police also waged psychological warfare from the outside through bogus
publications, forged correspondence, anonymous letters and telephone calls, and similar forms of deceit.
3. Harassment, intimidation and violence: Eviction, job loss, break ins, vandalism, grand jury subpoenas, false arrests,
frame- ups, and physical violence were threatened, instigated or directly employed, in an effort to frighten activists and disrupt their
movements. Government agents either concealed their involvement or fabricated a legal pretext. In the case of the Black and Native
American movements, these assaults including outright political assassinations were so extensive and vicious that they amounted to
terrorism on the part of the government.
WHO WERE THE MAIN TARGETS?
The most intense operations were directed against the Black movement, particularly the Black Panther Party. This resulted from FBI
and police racism, the Black community's lack of material resources for fighting back, and the tendency of the media and whites in
general to ignore or tolerate attacks on Black groups. It also reflected government and corporate fear of the Black movement because
of its militancy, its broad domestic base and international support, and its historic role in galvanizing the entire Sixties' upsurge.
Many other activists who organized against US intervention abroad or for racial, gender or class justice at home also came under
covert attack. The targets were in no way limited to those who used physical force or took up arms. Martin Luther King, David
Dellinger, Phillip Berrigan and other leading pacifists were high on the list, as were projects directly protected by the Bill of Rights,
such as alternative newspapers.
The Black Panthers came under attack at a time when their work featured free food and health care and community control
of schools and police, and when they carried guns only for deterrent and symbolic purposes. It was the terrorism of the FBI and
police that eventually provoked the Panthers to retaliate with the armed actions that later were cited to justify their repression.
Ultimately the FBI disclosed six official counterintelligence programs: Communist Party USA (1956-71); "Groups Seeking
Independence for Puerto Rico" (1960-71); Socialist Workers Party (1961-71); "White Hate Groups" (1964-71); "Black National-
ist Hate Groups" (1967-71); and "New Left" (1968- 71). The latter operations hit anti-war, student, and feminist groups. The
"Black Nationalist" caption actually encompassed Martin Luther King and most of the civil rights and Black Power movements.
The "white hate" program functioned mainly as a cover for covert aid to the kkk and similar right wing vigilantes, who were
given funds and information, so long as they confined their attacks to COINTELPRO targets. FBI documents also reveal covert
action against Native American, Chicano, Philippine, Arab- American, and other activists, apparently without formal
Counterintelligence programs.
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WHAT EFFECT DID IT HAVE?
COINTELPRO's impact is difficult to fully assess since we do not know the entir e scope of what was done (especially against
such pivotal targets as Malcolm X, Martin Luther King, SNCC and SDS) and we have no generally accepted analysis of the Sixties.
It is clear, however, that:
COINTELPRO distor ted the public' s view of r adical gr oups in a way that helped to isolate them and to legitimize open polit-
ical repression.
- It reinforced and exacerbated the weaknesses of these groups, making it very difficult for the inexperienced activists of the
Sixties to learn from their mistakes and build solid, durable organizations.
- Its violent assaults and covert manipulation eventually helped to push some of the most committed and experienced groups to
withdraw from grass-roots organizing and to substitute armed actions which isolated them and deprived the movement of much of its
leadership.
COINTELPRO often convinced its victims to blame themselves and each other for the pr oblems it cr eated, leaving a legacy
of cynicism and despair that persists today.
- By operating covertly, the FBI and police were able to severely weaken domestic political opposition without shaking the
conviction of most US people that they live in a democracy, with free speech and the rule of law
THE DANGER WE FACE
DID COINTELPRO EVER REALLY END?
Public exposure of COINTELPRO in the early 1970s elicited a flurry of reform. Congress, the courts and the mass media
condemned government "intelligence abuses." Municipal police forces officially disbanded their red squads. A new Attorney Gen-
eral notified past victims of COINTELPRO and issued Guidelines to limit future operations. Top FBI officials were indicted (albeit
for relatively minor offenses), two were convicted, and several others retired or resigned. J. Edgar Hoover the egomaniacal, crudely
racist and sexist founder of the FBI died, and a well known federal judge, William Webster, eventually was appointed to clean house
and build a "new FBI."
Behind this public hoopla, however, was little real improvement in government treatment of radical activists. Domestic
covert operations were briefly scaled down a bit, after the 60s' upsurge had largely subsided, due impart to the success of
COINTELPRO. But they did not stop. In April, 1971, soon after files had been taken from one of its offices, the FBI instructed its
agents that "future COINTELPRO actions will be considered on a highly selective, individual basis with tight procedures to insure
absolute security." The results are apparent in the record of the subsequent years:
- A virtual war on the American Indian Movement, ranging from forgery of documents, infiltration of legal defense
committees, diversion of funds, intimidation of witnesses and falsification of evidence, to the para-military invasion of the Pine
Ridge Reservation in South Dakota, and the murder of Anna Mae Aquash, Joe Stuntz and countless others;
- Sabotage of efforts to organize protest demonstrations at the 1972 Republican and Democratic Party conventions. The
attempted assassination of San Diego Univ. Prof. Peter Bohmer, by a "Secret Army Organization" of ex-Minutemen formed,
subsidized, armed, and protected by the FBI, was a part of these operations;
- Concealment of the fact that the witness whose testimony led to the 1972 robbery murder conviction of Black Panther
leader Elmer "Geronimo" Pratt was a paid informer who had worked in the BPP under the direction of the FBI and the Los
Angeles Police Department;
- Infiltration and disruption of the Vietnam Veterans Against the War, and prosecution of its national leaders on false
charges (Florida, 1971-74);
- Formation and operation of sham political groups such as "Red Star Cadre," in Tampa, Fla., and the New Orleans "Red
Collective" (1972-76);
- Mass interrogation of lesbian and feminist activists, threats of subpoenas, jailing of those who refused to cooperate, and
disruption of women's health collectives and other projects (Lexington, KY., Hartford and New Haven, Conn., 1975);
- Harassment of the Hispanic Commission of the Episcopal Church and numerous other Puerto Rican and Chicano
religious activists and community organizers (Chicago, New York City, Puerto Rico, Colorado and New Mexico, 1977);
- Entrapment and frame-up of militant union leaders (NASCO shipyards, San Diego, 1979); and
- Complicity in the murder of socialist labor and community organizers (Greensboro, N.C., 1980).
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IS IT A THREAT TODAY?
All this, and maybe more, occurred in an era of reform. The use of similar measures in today's very different times cannot be
itemized in such detail, since most are still secret. The gravity of the current danger is evident, however, from the major steps
recently taken to legitimize and strengthen political repression, and from the many incidents which are coming to light despite
stepped-up security.
The ground-work for public acceptance of repression has been laid by President Reagan's speeches reviving the old red
scare tale of worldwide "communist take-overs" and adding a new bogeyman in the form of domestic and international
"terrorism." The President has taken advantage of the resulting political climate to denounce the Bill of Rights and to red bait
critics of US intervention in Central America. He has pardoned the FBI officials convicted of COINTELPRO crimes, praised
their work, and spoken favorably of the political witch hunts he took part in during the 1950s.
For the first time in US history, government infiltration to "influence" domestic political activity has received official
sanction. On the pretext of meeting the supposed terrorist threat, Presidential Executive Order 12333 (Dec. 4, 1981) extends
such authority not only to the FBI, but also to the military and, in some cases, the CIA. History shows that these agencies treat
legal restriction as a kind of speed limit which they feel free to exceed, but only by a certain margin. Thus, Reagan's Executive
Order not only encourages reliance on methods once deemed abhorrent, it also implicitly licenses even greater, more damaging
intrusion. Government capacity to make effective use of such measures has also been substantially enhanced in recent years:
Judge Webster's highly touted reforms have served mainly to modernize the FBI and make it more dangerous. Instead of the
back- biting competition which impeded coordination of domestic counter- insurgency in the 60s, the Bureau now promotes
inter-agency cooperation. As an equal opportunity employer, it can use Third World and female agents to penetrate political
targets more thoroughly than before. By cultivating a low visibility corporate image and discreetly avoiding public attack on
prominent liberals, the FBI has regained respectability and won over a number of former critics.
Municipal police forces have similarly revamped their image while upgrading their repressive capabilities. The police "red
squads" that infiltrated and harassed the 60s' movements have been revived under other names and augmented by para-military
SWAT teams and tactical squads as well as highly politicized community relations and "beat rep" programs, in which Black,
Hispanic and female officers are often conspicuous. Local operations are linked by FBI led regional anti terrorist task forces and
the national Law Enforcement Intelligence Unit (LEIU).
Increased military and CIA involvement has added political sophistication and advanced technology. Army Special Forces
and other elite military units are now trained and equipped for counter-insurgency (known as "low intensity warfare"). Their
manuals teach the essential methodology of COINTELPRO, stressing earlier intervention to neutralize potential opposition
before it can take hold.
The CIA's expanded role is especially ominous. In the 60s, while legally banned from "internal security functions," the CIA
managed to infiltrate the Black, student and antiwar movements. It also made secret use of university professors, journalists,
labor leaders, publishing houses, cultural organizations and philanthropic fronts to mold US public opinion. But it apparently felt
compelled to hold back within the country from the kinds of systematic political destabilization, torture, and murder which have
become the hallmark of its operations abroad. Now, the full force of the CIA has been unleashed at home.
All of the agencies involved in covert operations have had time to learn from the 60s and to institute the "tight procedures to
insure absolute security" that FBI officials demanded after COINTELPRO was exposed in 1971. Restoration of secrecy has been
made easier by the Administration's steps to shield covert operations from public scrutiny. Under Reagan, key FBI and CIA files
have been re-classified "top secret." The Freedom of Information Act has been quietly narrowed through administrative
reinterpretation. Funds for covert operations are allocated behind closed doors and hidden in CIA and defense appropriations.
Government employees now face censorship even after they retire, and new laws make it a federal crime to publicize
information which might tend to reveal an agent's identity. Despite this stepped-up security, incidents frighteningly reminiscent
of 60s' COINTELPRO have begun to emerge.
The extent of the infiltration, burglary and other clandestine government intervention that has already come to light is
alarming. Since the vast majority of such operations stay hidden until after the damage has been done, those we are now aware
of undoubtedly represent only the tip of the iceberg. Far more is sure to lie beneath the surface.
Considering the current political climate, the legalization of COINTELPRO, the rehabilitation of the FBI and police, and the
expanded role of the CIA and military, the recent revelations leave us only one safe assumption: that extensive government
covert operations are already underway to neutralize today's opposition movements before they can reach the massive level of
the 60s.
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WHAT CAN WE DO ABOUT IT?
Domestic covert action has now persisted in some form through at least the last seven presidencies. It grew from one
program to six under Kennedy and Johnson. It flourished when an outspoken liberal, Ramsey Clark, was Attorney General
(1966-68). It is an integral part of the established mode of operation of powerful, entrenched agencies on every level of government.
It enables policy makers to maintain social control without detracting from their own public image or the perceived legitimacy of
their method of government. It has become as institutional in the US as the race, gender, class and imperial domination it serves to
uphold.
Under these circumstances, there is no reason to think we can eliminate COINTELPRO simply by electing better public
officials. Only through sustained public education and mobilization, by a broad coalition of political, religious and civil
libertarian activists, can we expect to limit it effectively.
In most parts of the country, however, and certainly on a national level, we lack the political power to end covert
government intervention, or even to curb it substantially. We therefore need to learn how to cope more effectively with this
form of repression.
The next part of this pamphlet examines the methods that were used to discredit and disrupt the movements of the 60s and
suggests steps we can take to deflect or reduce their impact in the year 2000.
A CHECK-LIST OF ESSENTIAL PRECAUTIONS:
- Check out the authenticity of any disturbing letter, rumor, phone call or other communication before acting on it.
Document incidents which appear to reflect covert intervention, and report them to the Movement Support Network
Hotline: 212/477- 5562.
Deal openly and honestly with the differences within our movements (race, gender, class, age, religion, national origin,
sexual orientation, personality, experience, physical and intellectual capacities, etc.) before the FBI and police exploit them
to tear us apart.
Don't rush to expose a suspected agent. Instead, directly criticize what the suspect says and does. Intra-movement witch
hunts only help the government create distrust and paranoia.
Support whoever comes under government attack. Don't be put off by political slander, such as recent attempts to smear
radical activists as "terrorists." Organize public opposition to FBI investigations, grand juries, show trials and other
forms of political harassment.
Above all, do not let them divert us from our main work. Our most powerful weapon against political repression is effective
organizing around the needs and issues which directly affect people's lives.
WHAT THEY DO & HOW WE CAN PROTECT OURSELVES
INFILTRATION BY AGENTS OR INFORMERS
Agents are law enforcement officers disguised as activists.
Informers are non agents who provide information to a law enforcement or intelligence agency. They may be recruited from
within a group or sent in by an agency, or they may be disaffected former members or supporters.
Infiltrators are agents or informers who work in a group or community under the direction of a law enforcement or
intelligence agency. During the 60s the FBI had to rely on informers (who are less well trained and harder to control)
because it had very few black, Hispanic or female agents, and its strict dress and grooming code left white male agents
unable to look like activists. As a modern equal opportunity employer, today's FBI has fewer such limitations.
What They Do: Some infor mer s and infiltr ator s quietly pr ovide infor mation while keeping a low pr ofile and doing
whatever is expected of group members. Others attempt to discredit a target and disrupt its work. They may spread false
rumors and make unfounded accusations to provoke or exacerbate tensions and splits. They may urge divisive proposals,
sabotage important activities and resources, or operate as "provocateurs" who lead zealous activists into unnecessary
danger. In a demonstration or other confrontation with police, such an agent may break discipline and call for actions which
would undermine unity and detract from tactical focus.
Infiltration As a Source of Distrust and Paranoia: While individual agents and infor mer s aid the gover nment in a
variety of specific ways, the general use of infiltrators serves a very special and powerful strategic function. The fear that a
group may be infiltrated often intimidates people from getting more involved. It can give rise to a paranoia which makes
it difficult to build the mutual trust which political groups depend on. This use of infiltrators, enhanced by covertly
initiated rumors that exaggerate the extent to which a particular movement or group has been penetrated, is recommended
by the manuals used to teach counter-insurgency in the U.S. and Western Europe.
Covert Manipulation to Make A Legitimate Activist Appear to be an Agent: An actual agent will often point the fin-
ger at a genuine, non collaborating and highly valued group member, claiming that he or she is the infiltrator. The same effect,
known as a "snitch jacket," has been achieved by planting forged documents which appear to be communications between
an activist and the FBI, or by releasing for no other apparent reason one of a group of activists who were arrested together.
Another method used under COINTELPRO was to arrange for some activists, arrested under one pretext or another, to hear
over the police radio a phony broadcast which appeared to set up a secret meeting between the police and someone from
their group.
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Grand juries: Unlike the FBI, the Gr and J ur y has legal power to make you answer its questions. Those who r efuse,
and are required to accept immunity from use of their testimony against them, can be jailed for contempt of court. (Such "use
immunity" enables prosecutors to get around the constitutional protection against self incrimination.)
The FBI and the US Dept. of Justice have manipulated this process to turn the grand jury into an instrument of political repression.
Frustrated by jurors' consistent refusal to convict activists of overtly political crimes, they convened over 100 grand juries between
l970 and 1973 and subpoenaed more than 1000 activists from the Black, Puerto Rican, student, women's and anti-war movements.
Supposed pursuit of fugitives and "terrorists" was the usual pretext. Many targets were so terrified that they dropped out of political
activity. Others were jailed without any criminal charge or trial, in what amounts to a U.S. version of the political internment proce-
dures employed in South Africa and Northern Ireland.
False arrest and prosecution: COINTELPRO dir ectives cite the Philadelphia FBI's success in having local militants
"arrested on every possible charge until they could no longer make bail" and "spent most of the summer in jail." Though the
bulk of the activists arrested in this manner were eventually released, some were convicted of serious charges on the basis of
perjured testimony by FBI agents, or by co-workers who the Bureau had threatened or bribed.
The object was not only to remove experienced organizers from their communities and to divert scarce resources into legal
defense, but even more to discredit entire movements by portraying their leaders as vicious criminals. Two victims of such
frame ups, Native American activist Leonard Peltier and 1960s' Black Panther official Elmer "Geronimo" Pratt, have finally
gained court hearings on new trial motions.
Others currently struggling to re-open COINTELPRO convictions include Richard Marshall of the American Indian
Movement and jailed Black Panthers Herman Bell, Anthony Bottom, Albert Washington (the "NY3"), and Richard "Dhoruba"
Moore.
Intimidation: One COINTELPRO communiqué ur ged that " The Negr o youths and moder ates must be made to un-
derstand that if they succumb to revolutionary teaching, they will be dead revolutionaries."
Others reported use of threats (anonymous and overt) to terrorize activists, driving some to abandon promising projects and
others to leave the country. During raids on movement offices, the FBI and police routinely roughed up activists and threatened
further violence. In August, 1970, they forced the entire staff of the Black Panther office in Philadelphia to march through the
streets naked.
Instigation of violence: The FBI's infiltr ator s and anonymous notes and phone calls incited violent r ivals to attack
Malcolm X, the Black Panthers, and other targets. Bureau records also reveal maneuvers to get the Mafia to move against such
activists as black comedian Dick Gregory.
A COINTELPRO memo reported that "shootings, beatings and a high degree of unrest continue to prevail in the ghetto area
of southeast San Diego...it is felt that a substantial amount of the unrest is directly attributable to this program."
Covert aid to right wing vigilantes: In the guise of a COINTELPRO against " white hate gr oups," the FBI subsi-
dized, armed, directed and protected the klu Klux Klan and other right wing groups, including a "Secret Army Organization" of
California (ex.) Minutemen who beat up Chicano activists, tore apart the offices of the San Diego Street Journal and the
Movement for a Democratic Military, and tried to kill a prominent anti-war organizer. Puerto Rican activists suffered similar
terrorist assaults from anti-Castro Cuban groups organized and funded by the CIA.
Defectors from a band of Chicago based vigilantes known as the "Legion of Justice" disclosed that the funds and arms they
used to destroy book stores, film studios and other centers of opposition had secretly been supplied by members of the Army's
113th Military Intelligence Group.
Assassination: The FBI and police wer e implicated dir ectly in mur der s of Black and Native Amer ican leader s. In
Chicago, police assassinated Black Panthers Fred Hampton and Mark Clark, using a floor plan supplied by an FBI informer who
apparently also had drugged Hampton's food to make him unconscious during the raid.
FBI records show that this accomplice received a substantial bonus for his services. Despite an elaborate cover-up, a blue
ribbon commission and a U.S Court of Appeals found the deaths to be the result not of a shoot out, as claimed by police, but
of a carefully orchestrated, Vietnam style "search and destroy mission".
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GUIDELINES FOR COPING WITH HARASSMENT, INTIMIDATION & VIOLENCE:
1. Establish security procedures appropriate to your group's level of activity and discuss them thoroughly with everyone involved.
Control access to keys, files, letterhead, funds, financial records, mailing lists, etc. Keep duplicates of valuable documents. Safeguard
address books, and do not carry them when arrest is likely.
2. Careful records of break ins, thefts, bomb threats, raids, arrests, strange phone noises (not always taps or bugs), harassment, etc.
will help you to discern patterns and to prepare reports and testimony.
3. Don't talk to the FBI. Don't let them in without a warrant. Tell others that they came. Have a lawyer demand an explanation and
instruct them to leave you alone.
4. If an activist does talk, or makes some other honest error, explain the harm that could result. But do not attempt to ostracize a
sincere person who slips up. Isolation only weakens a person's ability to resist. It can drive someone out of the movement and even
into the arms of the police.
5. If the FBI starts to harass people in your area, alert everyone to refuse to cooperate (see box). Call the Movement Support
Network's Hotline:(2l2) 614-6422. Set up community meetings with speakers who have resisted similar harassment elsewhere. Get
literature, films, etc. through the organizations listed in the back of this pamphlet. Consider "Wanted" posters with photos of the
agents, or guerilla theater which follows them through the city streets.
6. Make a major public issue of crude harassment, such as tampering with your mail. Contact your congressperson. Call the media.
Demonstrate at your local FBI office. Turn the attack into an opportunity for explaining how covert intervention threatens fundamen-
tal human rights.
7. Many people find it easier to tell an FBI agent to contact their lawyer than to refuse to talk. Once a lawyer is involved, the Bureau
generally pulls back, since it has lost its power to intimidate. If possible, make arrangements with a local lawyer and let everyone
know that agents who visit them can be referred to that lawyer. If your group engages in civil disobedience or finds itself under in-
tense police pressure, start a bail fund, train some members to deal with the legal system, and develop an ongoing relationship with a
sympathetic local lawyer.
8. Organizations listed in the back of this pamphlet can also help resist grand jury harassment. Community education is important,
along with legal, financial, child care, and other support for those who protect a movement by refusing to divulge information about
it. If a respected activist is subpoenaed for obviously political reasons, consider trying to arrange for sanctuary in a local church or
synagogue.
9. While the FBI and police are entirely capable of fabricating criminal charges, any law violations make it easier for them to set you
up. The point is not to get so up-tight and paranoid that you can't function, but to make a realistic assessment based on your visibility
and other pertinent circumstances.
10. Upon hearing of Fred Hampton's murder, the Black Panthers in Los Angeles fortified their offices and organized a
communications network to alert the community and news media in the event of a raid. When the police did attempt an armed assault
four days later, the Panthers were able to hold off the attack until a large community and media presence enabled them to leave the
office without casualties. Similar preparation can help other groups that have reason to expect right wing or police assaults.
11. Make sure your group designates and prepares other members to step in if leaders are jailed or otherwise incapacitated. The
more each participant is able to think for herself or himself and take responsibility, the better will be the group's capacity to cope
with crises.
ORGANIZING PUBLIC OPPOSITION TO COVERT INTERVENTION
A BROAD BASED STRATEGY: No one existing political or ganization or movement is str ong enough, by itself, to
mobilize the public pressure required to significantly limit the ability of the FBI, CIA and police to subvert our work. Some
activists oppose covert intervention because it violates fundamental constitutional rights. Others stress how it weakens and
interferes with the work of a particular group or movement. Still others see covert action as part of a political and economic
system which is fundamentally flawed. Our only hope is to bring these diverse forces together in a single, powerful alliance.
Such a broad coalition cannot hold together unless it operates with clearly defined principles. The coalition as a whole will
have to oppose covert intervention on certain basic grounds such as the threat to democracy, civil liberties and social justice,
leaving its members free to put forward other objections and analyses in their own names. Participants will need to refrain from
insisting that only their views are "politically correct" and that everyone else has "sold out."
Above all, we will have to resist the government's maneuvers to divide us by moving against certain groups, while subtly
suggesting that it will go easy on the others, if only they dissociate themselves from those under attack. This strategy is evident
in the recent Executive Order and Guidelines, which single out for infiltration and disruption people who support liberation
movements and governments that defy U.S. hegemony or who entertain the view that it may at times be necessary to break the
law in order to effectuate social change.
• DIVERSE TACTICS: For maximum impact, local and national coalitions will need a multi-faceted approach which
effectively combines a diversity of tactics, including:.
1. Investigative research to stay on top of, and document, just what the FBI, CIA and police are up to.
2.Public education through forums, rallies, radio and TV, literature, film, high school and college curricula, wall posters,
guerilla theater, and whatever else proves interesting and effective.
139
3. Legislative lobbying against administration proposals to strengthen covert work, cut back public access to information,
punish government "whistle blowers", etc. Coalitions in some cities and states have won legislative restrictions on surveillance and
covert action. The value of such victories will depend our ability to mobilize continuing, vigilant public pressure for effective
enforcement.
4. Support for the victims of covert intervention can reduce somewhat the harm done by the FBI, CIA and police.
Organizing on behalf of grand jury resisters, political prisoners, and defendants in political trials offers a natural forum for public
education about domestic covert action.
5.. Lawsuits may win financial compensation for some of the people harmed by covert intervention. Class action suits,
which seek a court order (injunction) limiting surveillance and covert action in a particular city or judicial district, have proved a
valuable source of information and publicity. They are enormously expensive, however, in terms of time and energy as well as mon-
ey. Out-of-court settlements in some of these cases have given rise to bitter disputes which split coalitions apart, and any agreement
is subject to reinterpretation or modification by increasingly conservative, administration oriented federal judges. The US Court of
Appeals in Chicago has ruled that the consent decree against the FBI there affects only operations based "solely on the political
views of a group or an individual," for which the Bureau can conjure no pretext of a "genuine concern for law enforcement."
6. Direct action, in the form of citizens' arrests, mock trials, picket lines, and civil disobedience, has recently greeted CIA
recruiters on a number of college campuses. Although the main focus has been on the Agency's international crimes, its domestic
activities have also received attention. Similar actions might be organized to protest recruitment by the FBI and police, in
conjunction with teach ins and other education about domestic covert action. Demonstrations against Reagan's attempts to bolster
covert intervention, or against particular FBI, CIA or police operations, could also raise public consciousness and focus activists'
outrage.
PROSPECTS: Pr evious attempts to mobilize public opposition, especially on a local level, indicate that a br oad coalition,
employing a multi-faceted approach, may be able to impose some limits on the government's ability to discredit and disrupt our
work. It is clear, however, that we currently lack the power to eliminate such intervention. While fighting hard to end domestic
covert action, we need also to study the forms it takes and prepare ourselves to cope with it as effectively as we can. Above all, it is
essential that we resist the temptation to so preoccupy ourselves with repression that we neglect our main work. Our ability to resist
the government's attacks depends ultimately on the strength of our movements. So long as we continue to advocate and organize
effectively, no manner of intervention can stop us.
BUGS, TAPS AND INFILTRATORS:
WHAT TO DO ABOUT POLITICAL SPYING
Organizations involved in controversial issues particularly those who encourage or assist members to commit civil disobedience
should be alert to the possibility of surveillance and disruption by police or federal agencies.
During the last three decades, many individuals and organizations were spied upon, wiretapped, their personal lives disrupted in an
effort to draw them away from their political work, and their organizations infiltrated. Hundreds of thousands of pages of evidence
from agencies such as the FBI and CIA were obtained by Congressional inquiries headed by Senator Frank Church and
Representative Otis Pike, others were obtained through use of the Freedom of Information Act and as a result of lawsuits seeking
damages for First Amendment violations.
Despite the public outcry to these revelations, the apparatus remains in place, and federal agencies have been given increased powers
by the Reagan Administration.
Good organizers should be acquainted with this sordid part of American history, and with the signs that may indicate their group is
the target of an investigation.
HOWEVER, DO NOT LET PARANOIA immobilize you. The r esults of par anoia and over r eaction to evidence of sur veil-
lance can be just as disruptive to an organization as an actual infiltrator or disruption campaign.
This document is a brief outline of what to look for -- and what to do if you think your group is the subject of an investigation.
This is meant to suggest possible actions, and is not intended to provide legal advice
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Possible evidence of government spying
Obvious surveillance
Look for:
Visits by police or federal agents to politically involved individuals, landlords, employers, family members or business
associates. These visits may be to ask for information, to encourage or create possibility of eviction or termination of
employment, or to create pressure for the person to stop his or her political involvement.
Uniformed or plainclothes officers taking pictures of people entering your office or participating in your activities. Just before
and during demonstrations and other public events, check the area including windows and rooftops for photographers.
People who seem out of place. If they come to your office or attend your events, greet them as potential members. Try to
determine if they are really interested in your issues -- or just your members!
People writing down license plate numbers of cars and other vehicles in the vicinity of your meetings and rallies.Despite local
legislation and several court orders limiting policy spying activities, these investigatory practices have been generally found to
be legal unless significant "chilling" of constitutional rights can be proved.
Telephone Problems
Electronic surveillance equipment is now so sophisticated that you should not be able to tell if your telephone conversations
are being monitored. Clicks, whirrs, and other noises probably indicate a problem in the telephone line or other equipment.
For example, the National Security Agency has the technology to monitor microwave communications traffic, and to isolate all
calls to or from a particular line, or to listen for key words that activate a recording device. Laser beams and "spike" microphones
can detect sound waves hitting walls and window panes, and then transmit those waves for recording. In these cases, there is little
chance that the subject would be able to find out about the surveillance.
Among the possible signs you may find are:
Hearing a tape recording of a conversation you, or someone else in your home or office, have recently held.
Hearing people talking about your activities when you try to use the telephone.
Losing service several days before major events. Government use of electronic surveillance is governed by two laws, the
Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act and the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act. Warrants for such surveillance can
be obtained if there is evidence of a federal crime, such as murder, drug trafficking, or crimes characteristic of organized crime,
or for the purpose of gathering foreign intelligence information available within the U.S. In the latter case, an "agent of a foreign
power" can be defined as a representative of a foreign government, from a faction or opposition group, or foreign based political
groups.
Mail Problems
Because of traditional difficulties with the U.S. Postal Service, some problems with mail delivery will occur, such as a machine
catching an end of an envelope and tearing it, or a bag getting lost and delaying delivery. However, a pattern of problems may occur
because of political intelligence gathering:
Envelopes may have been opened prior to reaching their destination; contents were removed and/or switched with other mail.
Remember that the glue on envelopes doesn't work as well when volume or bulk mailings are involved.
Mail may arrive late, on a regular basis different from others in your neighborhood.
Mail may never arrive. There are currently two kinds of surveillance permitted with regards to mail: the mail cover, and opening
of mail. The simplest, and lest intrusive form is the "mail cover" in which Postal employees simply list any information that can
be obtained from the envelope, or opening second, third or fourth class mail. Opening of first class mail requires a warrant unless
it is believed to hold drugs or "ticks." More leeway is given for opening first class international mail.
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GUIDELINES FOR COPING WITH INFILTRATION:
l. Establish a pr ocess thr ough which anyone who suspects an infor mer (or other for m of cover t inter vention) can expr ess
his or her fears without scaring others. Experienced people assigned this responsibility can do a great deal to help a group main-
tain its morale and focus while, at the same time, centrally consolidating information and deciding how to use it. This plan
works best when accompanied by group discussion of the danger of paranoia, so that everyone understands and follows the es-
tablished procedure.
2. To reduce vulnerability to paranoia and "snitch jackets", and to minimize diversion from your main work, it generally is best
if you do not attempt to expose a suspected agent or informer unless you are certain of their role. (For instance, they surface to
make an arrest, testify as a government witness or in some other way admit their identity). Under most circumstances, an
attempted exposure will do more harm than the infiltrator's continued presence. This is especially true if you can discreetly limit
the suspect's access to funds, financial records, mailing lists, discussions of possible law violations, meetings that plan criminal
defense strategy, and similar opportunities.
3. Deal openly and directly with the form and content of what anyone says and does, whether the person is a suspected agent,
has emotional problems, or is simply a sincere, but naive or confused person new to the work.
4. Once an agent or informer has been definitely identified, alert other groups and communities by means of photographs, a
description of their methods of operation, etc. In the 60s, some agents managed even after their exposure in one community to
move on and repeat their performance in a number of others
5..Be careful to avoid pushing a new or hesitant member to take risks beyond what that person is ready to handle,
particularly In situations which could result in arrest and prosecution. People in this position have proved vulnerable to
recruitment as informers.
OTHER FORMS OF DECEPTION
Bogus leaflets, pamphlets, etc.: COINTELPRO documents show that the FBI routinely put out phony leaflets, posters, pamphlets,
etc. to discredit its targets. In one instance, agents revised a children's coloring book which the Black Panther Party had
rejected as anti white and gratuitously violent, and then distributed a cruder version to backers of the Party's program of
free breakfasts for children, telling them the book was being used in the program.
False media stories: The FBI's documents expose collusion by r epor ter s and news media that knowingly published false
and distorted material prepared by Bureau agents. One such story had Jean Seberg, a noticeably pregnant white film star active
in anti racist causes, carrying the child of a prominent Black leader. Seberg's white husband, the actual father, has sued the FBI
as responsible for her resulting still-birth, breakdown, and suicide.
Forged correspondence: For mer employees have confirmed that the FBI and CIA have the capacity to pr oduce " state of
the art" forgery. The U.S. Senate's investigation of COINTELPRO uncovered a series of letters forged in the name of an
intermediary between the Black Panther Party's national office and Panther leader Eldridge Cleaver, in exile in Algeria. The
letters proved instrumental in inflaming intra-party rivalries that erupted into the bitter public split that shattered the Party in the
winter of 1971.
Anonymous letters and telephone calls: Dur ing the 60s, activists r eceived a steady flow of anonymous letter s and phone
calls which turn out to have been from government agents. Some threatened violence. Others promoted racial divisions and
fears. Still others charged various leaders with collaboration, corruption, sexual affairs with other activists' mates, etc. As in the
Seberg incident, inter-racial sex was a persistent theme. The husband of one white woman involved in a bi-racial civil rights
group received the following anonymous letter authored by the FBI:
Look, man, I guess your old lady doesn't get enough at home or she wouldn't be shucking and jiving with our Black Men
in ACTION, you dig? Like all she wants to integrate is the bedroom and us Black Sisters ain't gonna take no second best
from our men. So lay it on her man or get her the hell off [name]. A Soul Sister
False rumors: Using infiltr ator s, jour nalists and other contacts, the Bur eau cir culated slander ous, disr uptive r umor s
through political movements and the communities in which they worked.
Other misinformation: A favor ite FBI tactic uncover ed by Senate investigator s was to misinfor m people that a political
meeting or event had been canceled. Another was to offer non- existent housing at phony addresses, stranding out-of-town
conference attendees who naturally blamed those who had organized the event. FBI agents also arranged to transport
demonstrators in the name of a bogus bus company which pulled out at the last minute. Such "dirty tricks" interfered with
political events and turned activists against each other.
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SEPARATE BOX:
Fronts for the FBI: COINTELPRO documents r eveal that a number of Sixties' political gr oups and pr ojects wer e actually
set up and operated by the FBI.
One, "Grupo pro-Uso Voto," was used to disrupt the fragile unity developing in l967 among groups seeking Puerto Rico's
independence from the US. The genuine proponents of independence had joined together to boycott a US-administered
referendum on the island's status. They argued that voting under conditions of colonial domination could serve only to legitimize
US rule, and that no vote could be fair while the US controlled the island's economy, media, schools, and police. The bogus
group, pretending to support independence, broke ranks and urged independistas to take advantage of the opportunity to register
their opinion at the polls.
Since FBI front groups are basically a means for penetrating and disrupting political movements, it is best to deal with them
on the basis of the Guidelines for Coping with Infiltration (below).
Confront what a suspect group says and does, but avoid public accusations unless you have definite proof. If you do have
such proof, share it with everyone affected.
GUIDELINES FOR COPING WITH OTHER FORMS OF DECEPTION:
1. Don't add unnecessarily to the pool of information that government agents use to divide political groups and turn activists against
each other. They thrive on gossip about personal tensions, rivalries and disagreements. The more these are aired in public, or via a
telephone which can be tapped or mail which can be opened, the easier it is to exploit a groups' problems and subvert its work. (Note
that the CIA has the technology to read mail without opening it, and that the telephone network can now be programmed to record
any conversation in which specified political terms are used.)
2. The best way to reduce tensions and hostilities, and the urge to gossip about them, is to make time for open, honest discussion and
resolution of "personal" as well as "political" issues.
3. Don't accept everything you hear or read. Check with the supposed source of the information before you act on it. Personal
communication among estranged activists, however difficult or painful, could have countered many FBI operations which proved
effective in the Sixties.
4. When you hear a negative, confusing or potentially harmful rumor, don't pass it on. Instead, discuss it with a trusted friend or with
the people in your group who are responsible for dealing with covert intervention.
5. Verify and double check all arrangements for housing, transportation, meeting rooms, and so forth.
6. When you discover bogus materials, false media stories, etc., publicly disavow them and expose the true source, insofar as you
can.
HARASSMENT, INTIMIDATION & VIOLENCE:
Pressure through employers, landlords, etc.: COINTELPRO documents reveal frequent overt contacts and covert manipulation (false
rumors, anonymous letters and telephone calls) to generate pressure on activists from their parents, landlords, employers, college
administrators, church superiors, welfare agencies, credit bureaus, licensing authorities, and the like.
Agents' reports indicate that such intervention denied Sixties' activists any number of foundation grants and public speaking
engagements. It also cost underground newspapers most of their advertising revenues, when major record companies were
persuaded to take their business elsewhere. It may underlie recent steps by insurance companies to cancel policies held by
churches giving sanctuary to refugees from El Salvador and Guatemala.
Burglary: For mer oper atives have confessed to thousands of " black bag jobs" in which FBI agents br oke into move-
ment offices to steal, copy or destroy valuable papers, wreck equipment, or plant drugs.
Vandalism: FBI infiltr ator s have admitted countless other acts of vandalism, including the fir e which destr oyed the
Watts Writers Workshop's multi-million dollar ghetto cultural center in 1973. Late 60s' FBI and police raids laid waste to move-
ment offices across the country, destroying precious printing presses, typewriters, layout equipment, research files, financial
records, and mailing lists.
Other direct interference: To fur ther disr upt opposition movements, fr ighten activists, and get people upset with
each other, the FBI tampered with organizational mail, so it came late or not at all. It also resorted to bomb threats and similar
"dirty tricks".
Conspicuous surveillance: The FBI and police blatantly watch activists' homes, follow their car s, tap phones, open
mail and attend political events. The object is not to collect information (which is done surreptitiously), but to harass and intimi-
date.
Attempted interviews: Agents have extr acted damaging infor mation fr om activists who don't know they have a legal
right to refuse to talk, or who think they can outsmart the FBI. COINTELPRO directives recommend attempts at interviews
throughout political movements to "enhance the paranoia endemic in these circles" and "get the point across that there is an FBI
agent behind every mailbox."
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Burglaries
A common practice during the FBI's Counter- Intelligence Program (COINTELPRO) was the use of surreptitious entries or "black
bag jobs." Bureau agents were given special training in burglary, key reproduction, etc. for use in entering homes and offices. In
some cases, the key could be obtained from "loyal American" landlords or building owners.
Typical indicators are:
A. Files, including membership and financial reports are rifled, copied or stolen.
B. Items of obvious financial value are left untouched.
C. Equipment vital to the organization may be broken or stolen, such as typewriters, printing machinery, and computers.
D. Signs of a political motive are left, such as putting a membership list or a poster from an important event in an obvious place.
Although warrant less domestic security searches are in violation of the Fourth Amendment, and any evidence obtained this way
cannot be used in criminal proceedings, the Reagan Administration and most recent Presidents (excepting Carter) have asserted
the inherent authority to conduct searches against those viewed as agents of a foreign power
.
Informers and Infiltrators
Information about an organization or individual can also be obtained by placing an informer or infiltrator. This person may
be a police officer, employee of a federal agency, someone who has been charged or convicted of criminal activity and has agreed
to "help" instead of serve time, or anyone from the public.
Once someone joins an organization for the purposes of gathering information, the line between data gathering and
participation blurs. Two types of infiltrators result -- someone who is under "deep cover" and adapts to the lifestyle of the people
they are infiltrating. These people may maintain their cover for many years, and an organization may never know whom these
people are. Agents "provocateur" are more visible, because they will deliberately attempt to disrupt or lead the group into illegal
activities. They often become involved just as an event or crisis is occurring, and leave town or drop out after the organizing slows
down.
An agent may:
A. Volunteer for tasks which provide access to important meetings and papers such as financial records, membership lists, minutes
and confidential files.
B. Not follow through or complete tasks, or else does them poorly despite an obvious ability to do good work.
C. Cause problems for a group such as committing it to activities or expenses without following proper channels; urge a group to
plan activities that divide group unity.
D. Seem to create or be in the middle of personal or political difference that slow the work of the group.
E. Seek the public spotlight, in the name of your group, and then make comments or present an image different from the rest of the
group.
F. Urge the use of violence or breaking the law, and provide information and resources to enable such ventures.
G. Have no obvious source of income over a period of time, or have more money available than his or her job should pay.
H. Charge other people with being agents, (a process called snitch jackets), thereby diverting attention from him or herself, and
draining the group's energy from other work.
THESE ARE NOT THE ONLY SIGNS, NOR IS A PERSON WHO FITS SEVERAL OF THESE CATEGORIES
NECESSARILY AN AGENT. BE EXTREMELY CAUTIOUS AND DO NOT CALL ANOTHER PERSON WITHOUT
HAVING SUBSTANTIAL EVIDENCE.
Courts have consistently found that an individual who provides information, even if it is incriminating, to an informer has not
had his or her Constitutional rights violated. This includes the use of tape recorders or electronic transmitters as well.
Lawsuits in Los Angeles, Chicago and elsewhere, alleging infiltration of lawful political groups have resulted in court orders
limiting the use of police informers and infiltrators. However, this does not affect activities of federal agencies.
If you find evidence of surveillance:
A. Hold a meeting to discuss spying and har assment.
B. Deter mine if any of your member s have exper ienced any har assment or noticed any sur veillance activities that appear
to be directed at the organization's activities. Carefully record all the details of these and see if any patterns develop.
C. Review past suspicious activities or difficulties in your gr oup. Has one or sever al people been involved in many of these
events? List other possible "evidence" of infiltration.
D. Develop inter nal policy on how the gr oup should r espond to any possible sur veillance or suspicious actions. Decide who
should be the contact person(s), what information should be recorded, what process to follow during any event or demonstration if
disruption tactics are used.
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E. Consider holding a public meeting to discuss spying in your community and around the country. Schedule a speaker or film
discussing political surveillance.
F. Make sure to protect important documents or computer disks, by keeping a second copy in a separate, secret location. Use
fireproof, locked cabinets if possible.
G. Implement a sign-in policy for your office and/or meetings. This is helpful for your organizing, developing a mailing list,
and can provide evidence that an infiltrator or informer was at your meeting. Appoint a contact for spying concerns This contact
person or committee should implement the policy developed above and should be given to authority to act, to get others to respond
should any problems occur. The contact should: Seek someone familiar with surveillance history and law, such as the local chapter
of the National Lawyers Guild, the American Civil Liberties Union, the National Conference of Black Lawyers or the American
Friends Service Committee. Brief them about your evidence and suspicions. They will be able to make suggestions about actions to
take, as well as organizing and legal contacts.
H. Maintain a file of all suspected or confirmed experiences of surveillance and disruption. Include: date, place, time, who was
present, a complete description of everything that happened, and any comments explaining the context of the event or showing what
impact the event had on the individual or organization. If this is put in deposition form and signed, it can be used as evidence in
court.
I. Under the Freedom of Information Act and the Privacy act, request any files on the organization from federal agencies such
as the FBI, CIA, Immigration and Naturalization, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, etc. File similar requests with local and
state law enforcement agencies, if your state freedom of information act applies. Prepare for major demonstrations and events.
J. Plan ahead; brief your legal workers on appropriate state and federal statutes on police and federal official spying. Discuss
whether photographing with still or video cameras is anticipated and decide if you want to challenge it.
K. If you anticipate surveillance, brief reporters who are expected to cover the event, and provide them with materials about
past surveillance by your city's police in the past, and/or against other activists throughout the country.
L. Tell the participants when surveillance is anticipated and discuss what the group's response will be. Also, decide how to
handle provocateurs, police violence, etc. and incorporate this into any affinity group, marshall or other training. During the event:
Carefully monitor the crowd, looking for surveillance or possible disruption tactics. Photograph any suspicious or questionable
activities.
M. Approach police officer(s) seen engaging in questionable activities. Consider having a legal worker and/or press person
monitor their actions. If you suspect someone is an infiltrator:
N. Try to obtain information about his or her background: where s/he attended high school and college; place of employment,
and other pieces of history. Attempt to verify this information.
O. Check public records which include employment; this can include voter registration, mortgages or other debt filings, etc.
P. Check listings of police academy graduates, if available. Once you obtain evidence that someone is an infiltrator: Confront
him or her in a protected setting, such as a small meeting with several other key members of your group (and an attorney if
available). Present the evidence and ask for the person's response.
Q. You should plan how to inform your members about the infiltration, gathering information about what the person did while
a part of the group and determining any additional impact s/he may have had.
R. You should consider contacting the press with evidence of the infiltration. If you can only gather circumstantial evidence,
but are concerned that the person is disrupting the group: Hold a strategy session with key leadership as to how to handle the trouble-
some person.
S. Confront the troublemaker, and lay out why the person is disrupting the organization. Set guidelines for further involvement
and carefully monitor the person's activities. If the problems continue, consider asking the person to leave the organization.
T. If sufficient evidence is then gathered which indicates s/he is an infiltrator, confront the person with the information in front
of witnesses and carefully watch reactions. Request an investigation or make a formal complaint
U. Report telephone difficulties to your local and long distance carriers. Ask for a check on the lines to assure that the
equipment is working properly. Ask them to do a sweep/check to see if any wiretap equipment is attached (Sometimes repair staff
can be very helpful in this way.) If you can afford it, request a sweep of your phone and office or home form a private security firm.
Remember this will only be good at the time that the sweep is done.
V. File a formal complaint with the U.S. Postal Service, specifying the problems you have been experiencing, specific dates,
and other details. If mail has failed to arrive, ask the Post Office to trace the envelope or package.
W. Request a formal inquiry by the police, if you have been the subject of surveillance or infiltration. Describe any offending
actions by police officers and ask a variety of questions. If an activity was photographed, ask what will be done with the pictures. Set
a time when you expect a reply from the police chief. Inform members of the City Council and the press of your request.
X. If you are not pleased with the results of the police chief's reply, file a complaint with the Police Board or other
administrative body. Demand a full investigation. Work with investigators to insure that all witnesses are contacted. Monitor the
investigation and respond publicly to the conclusions. Initiate a lawsuit if applicable federal or local statues have been
violated.Before embarking on a lawsuit, remember that most suits take many years to complete and require tremendous amounts of
organizers' and legal workers' energy and money.
Y. Always notify the press when you have a good story
Z. Keep interested reporters updated on any new developments. They may be aware of other police abuses, or be able to obtain
further evidence of police practices. Press coverage of spying activities is very important, because publicity conscious politicians and
police chiefs will be held accountable for questionable practices.
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Domestic Covert Action Did Not End in the 1970s
Director Webster's highly touted reforms did not create a "new FBI." They served mainly to modernize the existing Bureau
and to make it even more dangerous. In place of the backbiting competition with other law enforcement and intelligence agencies
which had previously impeded coordination of domestic counter-insurgency, Webster promoted inter-agency cooperation. Adopting
the mantle of an "equal opportunity employer," his FBI hired women and people of color to more effectively penetrate a broader
range of political targets. By cultivating a low visibility image and discreetly avoiding public attack on prominent liberals, Webster
gradually restored the Bureau's respectability and won over a number of its former critics. State and local police similarly upgraded
their repressive capabilities in the 1970s while learning to present a more friendly public face. The "red squads" that had harassed
1960s activists were quietly resurrected under other names. Paramilitary SWAT teams and tactical squads were formed, along with
highly politicized "community relations" and "beat rep" programs featuring conspicuous Black, Latin, and female officers. Generous
federal funding and sophisticated technology became available through the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration, while FBI
led "joint anti terrorist task forces" introduced a new level of inter-agency coordination. Meanwhile, the CIA continued to use
university professors, journalists, labor leaders, publishing houses, cultural organizations, and philanthropic fronts to mold U.S.
public opinion. At the same time, Army Special Forces and other elite military units began to train local police for counterinsurgency
and to intensify their own preparations, following the guidelines of the secret Pentagon contingency plans, "Garden Plot" and "Cable
Splicer." They drew increasingly on manuals based on the British colonial experience in Kenya and Northern Ireland, which teach
the essential methodology of COINTELPRO under the rubric of "low intensity warfare," and stress early intervention to neutralize
potential opposition before it can take hold. While domestic covert operations were scaled down once the 1960s upsurge had
subsided (thanks in part to the success of COINTELPRO), they did not stop. In its April 27, 1971 directives disbanding
COINTELPRO, the FBI provided for future covert action to continue "with tight procedures to ensure absolute security." The results
are apparent in the record of 1970s covert operations which have so far come to light:
The Native American Movement:
1970s FBI attacks on resurgent Native American resistance have been well documented by Ward Churchill and others. In
1973, the Bureau led a paramilitary invasion of the Pine Ridge Reservation in South Dakota as American Indian Movement (AIM)
activists gathered there for symbolic protests at Wounded Knee, the site of an earlier U.S. massacre of Native Americans. The FBI
directed the entire 71 day siege, deploying federal marshals, U.S. Army personnel, Bureau of Indian Affairs police, local GOONs
(Guardians of the Oglala Nation, an armed tribal vigilante force), and a vast array of heavy weaponry.In the following years, the FBI
and its allies waged all out war on AIM and the Native people. From 1973-76, they killed 69 residents of the tiny Pine Ridge reser-
vation, a rate of political murder comparable to the first years of the Pinochet regime in Chile. To justify such a reign of terror and
undercut public protest against it, the Bureau launched a complementary program of psychological warfare. Central to this effort was
a carefully orchestrated campaign to reinforce the already deeply ingrained myth of the "Indian savage." In one operation, the FBI
fabricated reports that AIM "Dog Soldiers" planned widespread "sniping at tourists" and "burning of farmers" in South Dakota. The
son of liberal U.S. Senator (and Arab American activist) James Abourezk, was named as a" gun runner," and the Bureau issued a
nationwide alert picked up by media across the country.
To the same end, FBI undercover operatives framed AIM members Paul "Skyhorse" Durant and Richard "Mohawk"
Billings for the brutal murder of a Los Angeles taxi driver. A bogus AIM note taking credit for the killing was found pinned to a
signpost near the murder site, along with a bundle of hair said to be the victim's "scalp." Newspaper headlines screamed of "ritual
murder" by "radical Indians." By the time the defendants were finally cleared of the spurious charges, many of AIM's main financial
backers had been scared away and its work among a major urban concentration of Native people was in ruin. In March 1975, a
central perpetrator of this hoax, AIM's national security chief Doug Durham, was unmasked as an undercover operative for the FBI.
As AIM's liaison with the Wounded Knee Legal Defense/Offense Committee during the trials of Dennis Banks and other Native
American leaders, Durham had routinely participated in confidential strategy sessions. He confessed to stealing organizational funds
during his two years with AIM, and to setting up the arrest of AIM militants for actions he had organized. It was Durham who
authored the AIM documents that the FBI consistently cited to demonstrate the group's supposed violent tendencies. Prompted by
Durham's revelations, the Senate Intelligence Committee announced on June 23,1975 that it would hold public hearings on FBI
operations against AIM. Three days later, armed FBI agents assaulted an AIM house on the Pine Ridge reservation. When the smoke
cleared, AIM activist Joe Stuntz Killsright and two FBI agents lay dead. The media, barred from the scene "to preserve the
evidence," broadcast the Bureau's false accounts of a bloody "Indian ambush, "and the congressional hearings were quietly canceled.
The FBI was then free to crush AIM and clear out the last pockets of resistance at Pine Ridge. It launched what the Chairman of the
U.S. Civil Rights Commission described as "a full scale military type invasion of the reservation" complete with M-16s, Huey
helicopters, tracking dogs, and armored personnel carriers. Eventually AIM leader Leonard Peltier was tried for the agents' deaths
before a right wing judge who met secretly with the FBI. AIM member Anna Mae Aquash was found murdered after FBI agents
threatened to kill her unless she helped them to frame Peltier. Peltier's conviction, based on perjured testimony and falsified FBI
ballistics evidence, was upheld on appeal. (The panel of federal judges included William Webster until the very day of his official
appointment as Director of the FBI.) Despite mounting evidence of impropriety in Peltier's trial, and Amnesty International's call for
a review of his case, the Native American leader remains in maximum security prison.
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The Black Movement
Government covert action against Black activists also continued in the 1970s. Targets ranged from community based groups
to the Provisional Government of the Republic of New Afrika and the surviving remnants of the Black Panther Party. In Mississippi,
federal and state agents attempted to discredit and disrupt the United League of Marshall County, a broad based grassroots civil
rights group struggling to stop klan violence. In California, a notorious paid operative for the FBI, Darthard Perry, code named
"Othello, "infiltrated and disrupted local Black groups and took personal credit for the fire that razed the Watts Writers Workshop's
multi-million dollar cultural center in Los Angeles in 1973. The Los Angeles Police Department later admitted infiltrating at least
seven 1970s community groups, including the Black led Coalition Against Police Abuse. In the mid-1970s, the U.S. Bureau of
Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF) conspired with the Wilmington, North Carolina police to frame nine local civil rights workers
and the Rev. Ben Chavis, field organizer for the Commission for Racial Justice of the United Church of Christ. Chavis had been sent
to North Carolina to help Black communities respond to escalating racist violence against school desegregation. Instead of arresting
Klansmen, the ATF and police coerced three young Black prisoners into falsely accusing Chavis and the others of burning white
owned property. Although all three prisoners later admitted they had lied in response to official threats and bribes, the FBI found no
impropriety. The courts repeatedly refused to reopen the case and the Wilmington Ten served many years in prison before pressure
from international religious and human rights groups won their release. As the Republic of New Afrika (RNA) began to build auton-
omous Black economic and political institutions in the deep South, the Bureau repeatedly disrupted its meetings and blocked its at-
tempts to buy land. On August 18, 1971, four months after the supposed end of COINTELPRO, the FBI and police launched an
armed pre dawn assault on national RNA offices in Jackson, Mississippi. Carrying a warrant for a fugitive who had been brought to
RNA Headquarters by FBI informer Thomas Spells, the attackers concentrated their firewhere the informer's floor plan indicated that
RNA President Imari Obadele slept. Though Obadele was away at the time of the raid, the Bureau had him arrested and imprisoned
on charges of conspiracy to assault a government agent.
The COINTELPRO triggered collapse of the Black Panthers' organization and support in the winter of 1971 left them
defenseless as the government moved to prevent them from regrouping. On August 21, 1971, national Party officer George Jackson,
world-renowned author of the political autobiography [Soledad Brother,] was murdered by San Quentin prison authorities on the
pretext of an attempted jailbreak. In July 1972, Southern California Panther leader Elmer "Geronimo" Pratt was successfully framed
for a senseless $70 robbery murder committed while he was hundreds of miles away in Oakland, California, attending Black Panther
meetings for which the FBI managed to "lose" all of its surveillance records. Documents obtained through the Freedom of
Information Act later revealed that at least two FBI agents had infiltrated Pratt's defense committee. They also indicated that the
state's main witness, Julio Butler, was a paid informer who had worked in the Party under the direction of the FBI and the Los
Angeles Police Department. For many years, FBI Director Webster publicly denied that Pratt had ever been a COINTELPRO target,
despite the documentary proof in his own agency's records.Also targeted well into the 1970s were former Panthers assigned to form
an underground to defend against armed government attack on the Party. It was they who had regrouped as the Black Liberation Ar-
my (BLA) when the Party was destroyed. FBI files show that, within a month of the close of COINTELPRO, further Bureau opera-
tions against the BLA were mapped out in secret meetings convened by presidential aide John Ehrlichman and attended by President
Nixon and Attorney General Mitchell. In the following years, many former Panther leaders were murdered by the police in supposed
"shoot outs" with the BLA. Others, such as Sundiata Acoli, Assata Shakur, Dhoruba Al-Mujahid Bin Wahad (for merly Richard
Moore), and the New York 3 (Herman Bell, Anthony "Jalil" Bottom, and Albert "Nuh" Washington) were sentenced to long prison
terms after rigged trials.
Even in instances involving actual armed struggle on the part of liberation movements leaving aside the probability that
earlier applications of COINTELPRO tactics had done much to convince adherents that no other route to effect positive social
change lay open to them - the Bureau had been duplicitous in its approach. One need only examine the case of Assata Shakur (s/n:
Joanne Chesimard) to get the picture. Publicly and sensationally accused by the FBI of being the revolutionary mother hen" of a
BLA cell conducting a "series of cold-blooded murders of NewYork City police officers," Assata Shakur was made the subject of a
nationwide manhunt in 1972. 16 On May 2, 1973, she, BLA founder Zayd Malik Shakur (her brother-in-law) and Sundiata Acoli
(s/n: Clark Squire) were subjected to one of the random harassment stops of blacks on the New Jersey Turnpike for which the Jersey
state troopers are so deservedly notorious. Apparently realizing who it was they'd pulled over, the two troopers -Werner Foerster and
James Harper - opened fire, wounding Assata Shakur immediately. In the fight which followed, both Zayd Shakur and trooper
Foerster were killed, trooper Harper and Sundiata Acoli wounded. Both surviving BLA members were captured. Assata Shakur was,
however, charged with none of the killings which had ostensibly earned her such celebrated status as a "terrorist." Instead, the
government contended she had participated in bank robberies, and the state of New York accused her of involvement in the killing of
a heroin dealer in Brooklyn and the failed ambush of two cops in Queens on January 23, 1973. She was acquitted of every single
charge in a series of trials lasting into 1977. Meanwhile, she was held without bond, in isolation and in especially miserable local jail
facilities.
147
Finally, having exhausted all other possibilities of obtaining a conviction, the authorities took her to trial in New Jersey in
the death of trooper Foerster. Despite the fact that Sundiata Acoli had long-since been convicted of having fired the fatal bullets - and
medical testimony indicating her wounds had incapacitated her prior to the firefight itself Assata Shakur was convicted of first
degree murder by an all-white jury on March 25, 1977. She was sentenced to life imprisonment. The travesty imbedded in all this
was unmistakable, and Assata Shakur's circumstances remained the topic of much discussion and debate. This became all the more
true on the night of November 2, 1979, when a combat unit of the BLA set the prisoner free from the maximum security building of
the Clinton Women's Prison in New Jersey. It is instructive that this organization of what the police and the FBI were busily
portraying as "mad dog killers" appear to have gone considerably out of their way to insure that no one, including the guards, was
hurt during the prison break. For her part, Assata Shakur - now hyped by the Bureau as "the nation's number one terrorist fugitive"
despite the state's failure to link her to any concrete , act of terrorism, was quietly provided sanctuary in Cuba where she remains
today. In the case of the New York 3, FBI ballistics reports withheld during their mid-1970s trials show that bullets from an alleged
murder weapon did not match those found at the site of the killings for which they are still serving life terms. The star witness
against them has publicly recanted his testimony, swearing that he lied after being tortured by police (who repeatedly jammed an
electric cattle prod into his testicles) and secretly threatened by the prosecutor and judge. The same judge later dismissed petitions to
reopen the case, refusing to hold any hearing or to disqualify himself, even though his misconduct is a major issue. As the NY3
continued to press for a new trial, their evidence was ignored by the news media while their former prosecutor's one sided, racist"
docudrama" on the case, (Badge of the Assassin,) aired on national television.
TIP SHEET for Staff Organizers
Common Sense Security
As the movements for social change become more sophisticated, the techniques of the state, corporations and the right wing
have also become more sophisticated. Historically this has always been the case; caution in the face of the concerted effort to stop us,
however, is both prudent and necessary.
Here are some useful suggestions:
If you wish to have a private conversation, leave your home and your office and go outside and take a walk or go somewhere
public and notice who is near you. Never say anything you don't want to hear repeated when there is any possibility of being
recorded.
Never leave one copy of a document or list behind; take a minute to duplicate an irreplaceable document and keep the duplicate
in a safe place. Back up and store important computer disks off site. Sensitive data and membership list should be kept under
lock and key.
Keep your mailing lists, donor lists and personal phone books away from light fingered people. Always maintain a duplicate.
Know your printer if you are about to publish.
Know your mailing house.
Know anyone you are trusting to work on any part of a project that is sensitive.
Don't hire a stranger as a messenger.
Sweeps for electronic surveillance are only effective for the time they are being done, and are only effective as they are being
done if you are sure of the person(s) doing the sweep.
Don't use code on the phone. If you are being tapped and the transcript is used against you in court, the coded conversation can
be alleged to be anything. Don't say anything on the phone you don't want to hear in open court.
Don't gossip on the phone. Smut is valuable to anyone listening; it makes everyone vulnerable.
If you are being followed, get the tag number and description of the car and people in the car. Photograph the person(s)
following you or have a friend do so.
If you are followed or feel vulnerable, call a friend; don't "tough it out" alone. They are trying to frighten you. It is frightening to
have someone threatening your freedom.
Debrief yourself after each incident. Write details down: time, date, occasion, incident, characteristics of the person(s),
impressions, anything odd about the situation. Keep a "weirdo" file and keep notes from unsettling situations and see if a pattern
emerges.
Write for your file under the FOIA and pursue the agencies until they give you all the documents filed under your name.
Brief your membership on known or suspected surveillance.
Report thefts of materials from your office or home to the police as a criminal act.
Assess your undertaking from a security point of view; understand your vulnerabilities; assess your allies and your adversaries
as objectively as possible; do not underestimate the opposition. Do not take chances.
Recognize your organizational and personal strengths and weaknesses.
Discuss incidents with cohorts, family and membership. Call the press if you have hard information about surveillance or
harassment. Discussion makes the dirty work of the intelligence agencies and private spies overt.
148
VISITS FROM THE FBI
Don't talk to the FBI ( or any government investigator) without your attorney present. Information gleaned during the visit
can be used against you and your co-workers. Get the names and addresses of the agents and tell them you will have your
attorney get in touch with them. They rarely set up an interview under t hose circumstances.
Don't invite them into your home. Speak with the agents outside. Once inside they glean information about your
perspective and life style.
Don't let them threaten you into talking. If the FBI intents to impanel a grand jury, a private talk with you will not
change the strategy of the FBI.
Lying to the FBI is a criminal act. Any information you give the FBI can and will be used against you.
Don't let them intimidate you. So what if they know where you live or work and what you do? This is still a democracy and
we still have Constitutional rights. They intend to frighten you; don't let them. They can only "neutralize" you if you let them.
Remember
The United States prides itself in being a democracy; we have Constitutional rights. Dissatisfaction with the status quo and
attempting to mobilize for change is protected; surveillance and harassment are violations. Speak out.
Reality Check
Coming to grips with the FBI is of major importance. The Bureau has long since made itself an absolutely central ingredient
in the process of repression in America, not only extending its own operations in this regard, but providing doctrine, training and
equipment to state and local police, organizing the special "joint task forces" which have sprouted in every major city since 1970,
creating the computer nets which tie the police together nationally, and providing the main themes of propaganda by which the rapid
build-up in police power has been accomplished in the U.S. Similarly, the FBI provides both doctrinal and practical training to prison
personnel - especially in connection with those who supervise POWs and political prisoners - which is crucial in the shaping of the
policies pursued within the penal system as a whole. Hence, so long as the FBI is able to retain the outlook which defined
COINTELPRO, and to translate that outlook into "real world" endeavors, it is reasonable to assume that both the police and prison
"communities" will follow right along. Conversely, should the FBI ever be truly leashed, with the COINTELPRO mentality at last
rooted out once and for all, it may be anticipated that the emergent U.S. police state apparatus will undergo substantial unraveling
Hence, we would would like to close with what seems to us the only appropriate observation, paraphrasing Malcolm X and Huey
P. Newton:
We are confronted with the necessity of a battle which must be continued until it has been won. That choice has already been
made for us, and we have no option to simply wish it away. To lose is to bring about the unthinkable, and there is no place to
run and hide. Under the circumstances, the FBI and its allies must be combated by all means available, and by any means
necessary.
US PRESIDENT RICHARD M. NIXON AND FBI DIRECTOR J. EDGAR HOOVER
149
THE UNIVERSAL PARLIAMENT
The Universal Parliament which is held on the last Sunday of every month is the great coming together of the
members of our Nation to solidify our bond as Allah - The Fathers Nation of the Five Percent. The above photo of Allah
speaking to his young Five Percents is classic and as it is often said worth “a thousand words. Taken by the historic Bell
Tower atop the hill of Mount Morris Park in Mecca (Harlem, New York City), which has now been renamed Marcus Gar-
vey Park, this rare photograph should serve as a reminder that if We want to see Allah - The Father who is also our
Founder then all We have to do is come together as One. Today, our Universal Parliaments are held in Mecca at The
Harriet Tubman School (P.S 154) at 250 West 127th Street generally, from the months of September to May. The
months of June, July and August our Universal Parliaments are held in Medina (Brooklyn, New York) at Fort Green Park,
situated between DeKalb and Myrtle Avenues. In recent years however, due to either financial, administrative and/or
other considerations (weather, etc.) the Universal Parliaments have been held at different locations, yet the last Sunday
of every month there is a Universal Parliament held no matter what. It has been an honor for me since 2000 to open
Parliament and welcome all who may attend and do my best to maintain order and principle at our Universal gathering
in Mecca. The Parliaments in Medina - aptly named The Land of the Warriors are self-governing affairs in a public park /
community setting and a different forum prevails. Yet always it is where we as a national body come together to share
amongst each other our knowledge, wisdom, understanding, culture and refinement. Also, to show and prove to all that
we are the Gods and Earths and, that we are not a gang, that as Allah stood we also stand, neither pro-black nor anti-
white, pro-government, anti-crime, just in our endeavors, and not savages in our pursuits of happiness. And though
attendance at our Parliaments all over has dwindled (or so it seems) I, Divine remain mindful that “Many may come, Yet
few will remain”. And on a personal note I assert : “Give me ten good men and together we will rule the world”. Allah
has made it born that “Everything that has been built upon a square will now be built upon a cipher”
PEACE AND ONE. GOD DIVINE PRINCE ALLAH..
150
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