VAG Arcade Price Guide 4.1

402 Viper Phase 1 Fabtek/Seibu Kaihatsu, May 1995 Conversion Kit Genre: Scrolling Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 500 575 700 Price is for PCB only Virtua Bowling IGS, 1996 Conversion Kit Genre: Sports, Bowling LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 300 350 400 Virtua Cop Sega, September 1994 Dedicated Upright Genre: Shooter, Light Gun LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 400 450 575 Virtua Cop 2 Upright, Sega 1995 Virtua Cop 2 Sega, September 1995 Dedicated Upright, Deluxe Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: Shooter, Light Gun LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 400 450 575 Virtua Cop 3 Sega, March 2003 Dedicated Upright, Deluxe Upright Genre: Shooter, Light Gun LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 400 450 575 Virtua Fighter Sega, October 1993 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: One-on-One Fighter Dedicated Upright LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 575 650 800 Conversion LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 475 550 675 Virtua Fighter 2 Sega, January 1995 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: One-on-One Fighter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 475 550 675 Note: Several variant versions exist. Virtua Fighter 3 Sega, September 1996 Conversion Kit Genre: One-on-One Fighter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 425 500 600 Note: There are several versions of this title with virtually no value difference between them.

403 Virtua Fighter 4 (Virtua Fighter Evolution) Sega, March 2002 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: One-on-One Fighter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 625 700 850 Note: A slightly reworked version was released as Virtua Fighter Evolution in 2003 with minor tweeks. Virtua Fighter 5 Sega, July 2006 Conversion Kit Genre: One-on-One Fighter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 600 650 725 Virtua Fighter Kids Sega, 1996 Conversion Kit Genre: One-on-One Fighter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 475 525 700 Price is for PCB set only Virtua Golf Sega/WOW Entertainment, 2001 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: Sports, Golf LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 350 425 475 Virtua NBA Sega, 2000 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: Sports, Basketball LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 650 775 900 Virtua Racing (Two Dual Cockpits with Audience Topper), Sega 1992 Virtua Racing (V.R.) Sega, August 1992 Dedicated Upright, Cockpit, Dual Cockpit, Deluxe Motorized Cockpit Genre: 3rd Person or 1st Person Racing Upright LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 450 525 650 Cockpit LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 800 1200 1500 Deluxe Motorized Cockpit LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 2500 3250 4000+ Virtua Striker Sega, 1994 Deluxe Upright, Standard Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: Sports, Soccer LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 350 425 475 Virtua Striker 2 Sega, 1997 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: Sports, Soccer LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 350 425 475 Note: Upgraded games might be titled Virtua Striker 2 ’98 or ’99.

404 Virtua Striker 2000 Sega, 1999 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: Sports, Soccer LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 350 425 475 Virtua Striker 2002 Sega, 2002 Conversion Kit Genre: Sports, Soccer LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 350 425 475 Virtua Striker 3 Sega, 2002 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: Sports, Soccer LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 350 425 475 Virtua Striker 4 Sega, 2005 Conversion Kit Genre: Sports, Soccer LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 350 425 475 Virtua Tennis Sega, December 1999 Dedicated Upright, Deluxe Upright Genre: Sports, Tennis LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 525 650 725 Virtua Tennis 2 Sega, October 2001 Dedicated Upright, Deluxe Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: Sports, Tennis LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 525 650 725 Virtua Tennis 3 Sega, 2006 Dedicated Upright, Deluxe Upright Genre: Sports, Tennis LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 525 650 725 Virtua Tennis 4 Sega, 2011 Dedicated Upright, Deluxe Upright Genre: Sports, Tennis LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 525 650 725 Virtual Combat VR8 Inc./1993 Unique Dedicated Upright Genre: Tank Simulator, Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 350 400 450 Virtual On Cockpit, Sega 1995 Virtual On: Cyber Troopers Sega, May 1996 Dedicated 2-Player Cockpit Genre: Shooter, Mech Warrior Fighting LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 400 500 600

405 Volfied Taito, December 1989 Conversion Kit Genre: Puzzle, Hunt and Score LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 375 450 525 Volly Ramtek, 1973 Dedicated Upright Genre: Pong LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 475 550 700 Vs. System “Red Tent” Cocktail, Nintendo 1985-1991 Vs. Unisystem (Nintendo Vs. System) Nintendo, January 1984-1990 Dedicated Upright, Dedicated Dual Cabinet, TwoSided Cocktail, Conversion Kit Genre: Multiple Dedicated Single Cabinet LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 550 925 1500 Dedicated Dual Cabinet LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 1000 1375 2200+ Conversion Kit (Nintendo Cabinet) LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 550 800 1300 Conversion Kit (Midway Cabinet) LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 550 675 800 Two-Sided Cocktail (Nicknamed the “Red Tent”) LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 1650 2000 2700+ Note: Cabinet value can depend on the game title(s) installed. See Appendix H in the back of this book for more details and a complete list of game titles. Vs. Super Mario. Bros. Upright (Donkey Kong Cabinet Conversion), Nintendo 1985-1991 Vulcan Venture (Gradius II) Konami, March 1988 Conversion Kit Genre: Scrolling Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 425 500 675 Price is for PCB only Vulgus Capcom, July 1984 Conversion Kit Genre: Scrolling Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 375 450 525

406 Wacko Sales Flyer, Bally-Midway 1983 Wacko Bally-Midway, 1983 Unique Dedicated Upright Genre: Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 3000 3750 4500 Prices vary widely for this title Note: Cabinet has a purposefully angled marquee and control panel making it shorter on one side. Wall Crash Midcoin, 1985 Conversion Kit Genre: Brick Buster LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 350 425 475 Wangan Midnight Namco, 2001 Dedicated Cockpit Genre: Racer LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 825 950 1200 War Final Assault Atari Games, February 1999 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: 1st Person Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 700 925 1150 War Gods Midway Games, 1996 Dedicated Upright Genre: One-on-One Fighter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 450 525 600 War of the Bugs Food and Fun Corp./Omni/Artic, 1981 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 600 750 825 Note: Copy/bootleg of Atari’s Centipede designed to use a joystick controller instead of a Trackball. War of the Worlds Cinematronics, 1982 Dedicated Upright (Prototypes) Genre: Space Shooter Upright (Estimated 10-25 Manufactured) LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 3000 3500 4000+ Prices can vary wildly on this game Note: Designed for a color vector monitor but released with a black and white. Color versions exist as prototype and collector modified machines.

407 Wardner Taito, December 1987 Conversion Kit Genre: Platformer, Scrolling Fighter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 350 425 475 Warlords Sales Flyer, Atari 1981 Warlords Atari, April 1981 Dedicated Upright Genre: Brick Buster, Castle Defense 2=Player Upright (1,014 Manufactured) LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 1200 1450 1700 4-Player Cocktail (1,253 Manufactured) LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 3500 4250 5000 Prices vary widely for the cocktail cabinet version Note: Uses a mirrored monitor effect to merge visuals from the CRT monitor along with printed artwork and colored gels. Collectors seem to favor the 4-player cocktail version. The last Atari arcade game to use a black and white raster style monitor. Warp 1 Taito/Sun Electronics, 1980 Dedicated Upright, Cocktail Genre: Space Shooter Upright LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 1500 1750 2000 Cocktail LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 1000 1200 1500 Warp Speed Meadows Games, 1980 Dedicated Cockpit Genre: Space Shooter No Known Sales or Examples Note: Existing cabinets are likely prototypes or are test location machines. It is unknown if any machines still exist or have traded hands with collectors. Warp Warp Rock-Ola/Namco, August 1981 Dedicated Upright Genre: Platformer, Space Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 575 750 900 Warrior Vectorbeam, October 1979 Dedicated Upright Genre: One-on-One Fighting One of the Top 50 Historically Important Games LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 5000 6500 8000+ Prices can vary wildly on this title Note: Overhead style perspective game where two players fight each other as medieval armored knights. Game uses a mirrored backlit overlay to represent the playfield background while a black and white vector monitor provides the player action and score. Game was very advanced for the time providing smooth animation and innovative gameplay. Today surviving games are rare thanks hardware reliably issues and low production numbers.

408 Warrior (Sales Flyer Photo), Vectorbeam 1979 Warriors of Fate Capcom, October 1992 Conversion Kit Genre: Scrolling Fighter, Beat ‘em Up LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 475 525 650 Warzaid (World Combat) Konami, April 2003 Dedicated Upright, Deluxe Upright (4-Players) Genre: 1st Person Shooter, Light Gun 2-Player LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 800 925 1000 4-Player LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 850 975 1100 Water Match Bally-Midway/Sega, 1984 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: Sports, Swimming LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 850 1100 1250 Wave Runner Sega, 1996 Unique Dedicated Upright Genre: Sports, Jet Ski Racing LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 450 600 725 Wave Runner GP Sega, 2003 Dedicated Sit-Down, Deluxe Sit-Down Genre: Sports, Jet Ski Racing LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 1000 1175 1350 Wave Shark Sales Flyer, Konami 1996 Wave Shark Konami, 1996 Unique Dedicated Upright Genre: Sports, Jet Ski Racing LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 500 650 775

409 Wayne Gretzky’s 3D Hockey Atari Games/Midway Games, October 1996 Dedicated Upright Genre: Sports, Hockey LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 1500 1700 2200 WEC Le Mans 24 Konami, September 1986 Dedicated Cockpit, Upright Genre: Racer LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 325 450 500 Note: A sophisticated deluxe cockpit version was made for the Japanese market which included 360 degrees of motion simulation for the player. Welltris Video Systems Co. Ltd., 1991 Conversion Kit Genre: Puzzle LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 450 575 650 Western Gun (Gun Fight) Taito, 1975 Dedicated Upright Genre: Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 875 1000 1175 WGP Taito, 1989 Dedicated Upright, Sit-Down Genre: Racing, Motorcycle LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 350 425 475 Wheel of Fortune Game Tek, 1989 Dedicated Upright Genre: Game Show, TV Tie-In LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 375 450 500 Note: Has a spinning controller that mimics the spinning wheel on the TV game show it’s based on. Wheel of Fortune Sales Flyer, Game Tek 1989 Wheels Midway/Taito, March 1975 Dedicated Upright Genre: Overhead Racer LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 625 700 825 Note: Released as Speed Race originally by Taito. Wheels II Midway/Taito, August 1975 Dedicated Upright Genre: Overhead Racer LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 625 700 825 Note: Same game as Wheels but allows for twoplayers at once.

410 Whizz Philko Co. Ltd., 1989 Conversion Kit Genre: Scrolling Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 350 450 500 Who Dunit Exidy, 1988 Conversion Kit Genre: Shooter, Light Gun LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 3750 4000 4375 Note: Offered as a conversion kit for Exidy light gun games but only in small numbers. Who Shot Jonny Rock American Laser Games, 1991 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: 1st Person Shooter, Light Gun, Laserdisc LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 1100 1400 1550 Wild Fang (Tecmo Knight) Tecmo, 1989 Conversion Kit Genre: Scrolling Fighter, Beat ‘em Up LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 450 575 650 Wild Pilot Jaleco, 1992 Dedicated Dual Cockpit Genre: First Person Perspective Aerial Combat LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 1100 1275 1500 Wild Riders Sega, 2001 Dedicated Sit-Down, Upright Genre: Racer, Motorcycle Upright LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 400 475 600 Sit-Down LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 475 550 700 Wild West C.O.W.Boys of Moo Mesa Konami, 1992 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: Side Scrolling Fighter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 1450 1800 2200 Wild Western Dedicated Upright, Taito 1982 Wild Western Taito, 1982 Dedicated Upright, Cocktail Genre: Shooter Upright LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 1000 1350 1700 Cocktail LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 750 875 950

411 Willow Capcom, September 1989 Conversion Kit Genre: Scrolling Fighter, Movie Tie-In LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 1375 1650 2000 Note: Based on the fantasy film directed by Ron Howard and produced by George Lucas. Wimbledon, Nutting Associates 1973 Wimbledon Nutting Associates, 1973 Dedicated Upright Genre: Pong One of the Top 50 Historically Important Games LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 1000 1275 1500 Note: Possibly the first video game to use a color monitor. Exists in both 2 and 4-player versions. Winding Heat Konami, 1995 Dedicated Cockpit Genre: Racer LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 325 400 450 Wing Shooting Championship Sammy USA, 2002 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: Shooter, Light Gun LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 400 450 550 Wing War Sega, September 1994 Dedicated Dual Cockpit Genre: Aerial Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 300 500 625 Winner Midway, 1973 Dedicated Upright Genre: Pong LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 750 1000 1500 Note: First videogame manufactured by Midway. Winner II Midway, 1973 Dedicated Upright Genre: Pong LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 750 1000 1500 Winner IV Midway, 1973 Dedicated Upright Genre: Pong LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 750 1000 1500

412 Winning Run Namco, September 1989 Dedicated Motorized Cockpit Genre: Racer No known sales or examples Note: Series of technically accurate racing games from Namco that saw very little official presence in the USA. Estimated value 1500-2500. Winter Heat Sega, 1997 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: Sports, Winter Olympic Events LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 475 550 625 Wipe Out Ramtek, 1974 Dedicated Upright Genre: Pong LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 800 975 1150 Wiping Nichibutsu, 1982 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: Platformer, Maze LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 500 675 850 Price is for PCB only Note: This may have only been made available in the USA as a conversion kit or was produced in very low numbers. If a dedicated unit was found, I would put the value around 2500-3000. Witch Hunt Kee Games/Atari, April 1977 Unique Two-Part Upright Cabinet Genre: Shooter, Light Gun LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 1300 1750 2200 Wivern Wings G7 Semicom, 2001 Conversion Kit Genre: Scrolling Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 500 575 650 Wiz, The Seibu Kaihatsu, 1985 Conversion Kit Genre: Platformer LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 475 550 675 Wizard Fire Data East, 1992 Conversion Kit Genre: Scrolling Fighter, RPG LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 725 975 1300 Wizard of Wor Cabaret, Midway 1981

413 Wizard of Wor Midway, 1980 Dedicated Upright, Cabaret, Cocktail Genre: Shooter, Maze One of the Top 50 Historically Important Games Upright LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 700 850 1250 Cabaret LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 900 1400 1750 Cocktail LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 650 825 1000 Wolf Fang (Rohga: Armor Force) Data East, 1991 Conversion Kit Genre: Scrolling Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 575 700 850 Wonder Boy (Moon Patrol Conversion), Sega 1986 Wonder Boy (Wonder Boy Deluxe) Sega/Escape, July 1986 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: Platformer, RPG, Hack and Slash Dedicated Upright LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 2000 2200 2475 Conversions LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 400 525 650 Note: Normally found as conversions with dedicated uprights being very rare. It’s possible dedicated cocktail cabinets also exist and would probably be valued from 500-750. Wonder Boy (in) Monster Land Sega, 1987 Conversion Kit Genre: Platformer, RPG, Hack and Slash LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 575 700 950 Wonder Boy III: Monster Liar Sega, November 1988 Conversion Kit Genre: Platformer, RPG, Hack and Slash LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 600 775 1000 Wonder Planet Data East, 1987 Conversion Kit Genre: Scrolling Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 550 625 775 World Beach Volley Playmark, 1995 Conversion Kit Genre: Sports, Volleyball LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 350 425 475

414 World Class Bowling Tournament Edition Incredible Technologies, 1997 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: Sports, Bowling LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 300 375 450 Note: Other editions are titled World Class Bowling, or World Class Bowling Deluxe. World Cup ‘90 Tecmo, 1989 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: Sports, Soccer LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 325 375 425 World Cup ‘94 Tecmo, 1993 Conversion Kit Genre: Sports, Soccer LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 325 375 425 World Cup Football Atari, April 1974 Dedicated Upright, Cocktail Genre: Pong LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 1500 1875 2200 Note: A slight reworking of Quadrapong intended for European markets. It seems that very few were made. World Kicks Namco, 1999 Unique Dedicated Upright Genre: Sports, Soccer LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 1200 1500 2000 Note: Large upright cabinet for 4-players, where soccer ball like sensor controllers are on the base for each player to determine speed and control of kicks. World Kicks, Namco 1999 World Rally Atari Games/Zigurat Software, August 1993 Conversion Kit Genre: Isometric Racer LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 250 325 400 World Rally 2: Twin Racing Gaelco, 1995 Conversion Kit Genre: Isometric Racer LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 250 325 400 World Series the Season Cinematronics, 1985 Dedicated Upright, Countertop, Conversion Kit Genre: Sports, Baseball Upright (Dedicated or Conversion) LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 425 500 625 Countertop LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 1250 1500 1750

415 Note: Has a unique spring-loaded controller set, one for pitching and another for batting that can prove difficult to replace (or properly repair) if broken. World Series the Season Dedicated Upright, Cinematronics 1985 World Series ‘99 Sega, 1999 Dedicated Upright Genre: Sports, Baseball LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 600 775 900 World Series Baseball Sega, 2001 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: Sports, Baseball LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 350 425 500 World Soccer Finals Leland, 1990 Dedicated Upright Genre: Sports, Soccer LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 375 500 600 World Wars SNK, 1987 Conversion Kit Genre: Scrolling Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 450 500 650 Wrestle War Sega, 1989 Conversion Kit Genre: Sports, Pro Wrestling LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 450 575 650 WWF Royal Rumble 4-Player Upright, Sega/THQ 2000 WWF Royal Rumble Sega/THQ, August 2000 Dedicated Upright, Dual Monitor 4-Player Upright Genre: Sports, Pro Wrestling LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 525 600 725

416 WWF Superstars Technos, May 1989 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: Sports, Pro Wrestling LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 475 550 675 WWF WrestleMania Midway, 1995 Dedicated Upright Genre: Sports, Pro Wrestling LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 675 750 875 WWF WrestleFest Technos, June 1991 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: Sports, Pro Wrestling LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 450 525 650 X Multiply Irem, 1989 Conversion Kit Genre: Scrolling Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 1200 1450 1800 X-Men Konami, March 1992 Dedicated 4-Player Upright, 6-Player Upright with Two Monitors, Conversion Kit Genre: Scrolling Fighter, Comic Book Tie-In 4-Player Version LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 1100 1400 1975 6-Player Version w/ Two Monitors LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 2500 3000 3500+ Note: The huge 6-player version contains two CRT monitors side by side to create the illusion of a wider field of play. One of the monitors is mounted in the bottom of the cabinet using a mirror to reflect the image with the other pointed directly at the player. This configuration allows the two images to appear to be side by side with no gaps in the playfield. X-Men 6-Player Dual Screen Upright, Konami 1992 X-Men: Children of the Atom Capcom, January 1995 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: One-on-One Fighter, Comic Book Tie-In LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 650 775 900 X-Men Vs. Street Fighter Capcom, September 1996 Dedicated Upright, Conversion Kit Genre: One-on-One Fighter, Comic Book Tie-In LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 400 550 675

417 Xain'd Sleena (Solar Warrior) Technos, 1986 Conversion Kit Genre: Scrolling Fighter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 325 450 525 Xenophobe Upright, Bally-Midway 1987 Xenophobe Bally-Midway. 1987 Dedicated Upright Genre: Multiplayer Scrolling Shooter, RPG LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 800 1000 1250 Note: Highly unique cabinet design with wide control panel allowing for up to three players at a time. Monitor sits on a thin platform from the base of the cabinet, and the trigger style joysticks each have three buttons. Players can make choices using items in the game to determine how levels of play end. Xevious Atari/Namco, February 1983 Dedicated Upright Genre: Scrolling Shooter Upright (5,294 Manufactured) LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 625 775 900 Note: Early and influential overhead scrolling shooter. Existence of a prototype cabaret cabinet is rumored. Xevious 3DG Namco, May 1996 Conversion Kit Genre: Scrolling Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 550 675 750 Xtom 3D Game Vision, 1999 Conversion Kit Genre: 1st Person Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 575 650 800 Xtreme Rally SNK, 1998 Dedicated Cabinet Genre: Racer LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 325 450 575 XX Mission UPL/United Artists Amusements, 1987 Conversion Kit Genre: Scrolling Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 325 400 450 Note: One of the handful of arcade game conversion kits distributed by the United Artists movie theatre chain in the USA.

418 Xybots Atari Games, November 1987 Dedicated Upright Genre: 3rd Person Shooter, Run and Gun Upright (1,752 Manufactured) LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 625 700 875 Yamato Sega, 1983 Dedicated Upright Genre: Naval Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 550 675 800 Note: Probably never officially released in the USA but might have been made available through grey market PCB sales often advertised in the back of vending trade magazines. Yie Ar Kung-Fu (in Moon Patrol Cabinet), Konami 1985 Yie Ar Kung-Fu Konami, March 1985 Conversion Kit Genre: One-on-One Fighter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 325 450 500 Zap Allied Leisure, 1974 Dedicated Upright Genre: Space Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 1500 1750 2000 Note: This could be a slight reworking of the earlier Allied Leisure game Hesitation, only a handful of these games still exist, and probably only in the single digits. Zarzon Taito/SNK, March 1981 Dedicated Upright, Cocktail, Cabaret Genre: Space Shooter Upright LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 600 725 850 Cabaret LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 800 1100 1450 Cocktail LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 425 550 675

419 Zaxxon Dedicated Sit-Down, Sega 1982 Zaxxon Sega, April 1982 Dedicated Upright, Cabaret, Cocktail Genre: Isometric Space Shooter Upright LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 400 550 775 Cabaret LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 700 875 1100 Cocktail LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 350 425 600 Note: A sit-down version was recently discovered in the Pacific Northwest USA, it sold for 500 dollars. Zektor Sega, November 1982 Dedicated Upright Genre: Space Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 4000 4500 5200 Note: Color vector game which uses the notoriously unreliable Electrohome G08 vector monitor. Zero Gunner Psikyo, December 1997 Conversion Kit Genre: Helicopter Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 300 425 500 Zero Gunner 2 Psikyo, May 2001 Conversion Kit Genre: Helicopter Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 300 425 500 Zero Hour Universal, 1981 Dedicated Upright, Cocktail Genre: Space Shooter Upright LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 650 800 950 Cocktail LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 425 500 575 Zero Point Unico, 1998 Conversion Kit Genre: Shooter, Light Gun LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 325 450 500 Zero Point 2 Unico, 1999 Conversion Kit Genre: Shooter, Light Gun LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 325 450 500

420 Zero Time Upright, Petaco 1979 Zero Time Petaco, 1979 Dedicated Upright Genre: Space Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 775 975 1200 Note: Bootleg of Namco’s Galaxian but with Spanish text in a unique cabinet. Zero Wing Williams/Toaplan, April 1990 Conversion Kit Genre: Scrolling Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 675 725 850 Note: Licensed by Toaplan. The Sega Genesis home version was the inspiration for the early viral internet meme/video song “All Your Base”. Zig Zag LAX/Omni/Thomas Automatics/Others, 1982 Conversion Kit, Bootleg PCB Genre: Maze, Platformer, Hunt and Score LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 425 500 650 Note: Several versions of bootleg Dig Dug PCBs are titled as Zig Zag. Some versions are based on Dig Dug hardware and others based on Galaxian hardware. Gameplay is slightly different for the two versions. Zippy Race (Moto Race USA) Irem, August 1983 Conversion Kit Genre: Racer LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 300 350 450 Zoar Tago/Data East, 1982 Conversion Kit Genre: Space Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 325 400 500 Zodiack Orca, 1983 Dedicated Upright, Cocktail Genre: Space Shooter LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 450 525 650 Zombie Raid American Sammy, September 1995 Dedicated Upright Genre: 1st Person Shooter, Light Gun LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 575 650 800

421 Zombie Revenge Sega, 1999 Conversion Kit Genre: Scrolling Fighter, Beat ‘em Up LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 375 450 575 Zoo Keeper Dedicated Upright, Taito 1983 Zoo Keeper Taito, 1983 Dedicated Upright, Cocktail, Conversion Kit Genre: Platformer, Puzzle Upright (Dedicated) LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 2000 2600 3300+ Upright (Conversion) LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 1500 1875 2300 Cocktail LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 1300 1500 1700 Note: Very popular game for reproductions via CNC machine cabinets and reproduction PCBs. Prices are for original games running on original hardware from Taito. Conversion kit uprights are often in Taito style cabinets, usually Qix or Jungle King/Hunt. Zun Zun Block Taito, 1979 Dedicated Upright, Cocktail Genre: Brick Buster LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 650 800 1150 Zwackery Dedicated Upright, Bally-Midway 1986 Zwackery Bally-Midway, 1986 Dedicated Upright Genre: Platformer LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 2750 3500 4800+ ZZYZZYXX Cinematronics/Advanced Microcomputer, 1982 Dedicated Upright Genre: Platformer LOWER AVERAGE HIGHER 350 475 550 Note: Released by Cinematronics under the title Brix.

422 Appendixes

420 Appendix A Top 5o Historically Important Games • Asteroids, Atari 1979 • New concepts in space combat themes • Atari’s most successful arcade game • Innovations in vector graphics • Basketball, Taito 1974 • 1st game to represent a human image as a player avatar • Battlezone, Atari 1980 • Early pseudo-3-D graphics • Early sandbox style gameplay • Possibly the first arcade videogame with a true 1st person perspective with 3-D like graphics • Innovations in vector graphics • Innovations in realistic simulation • Breakout, Atari 1976 • Pivotal game in the brick buster genre • Gameplay often copied and expanded upon even today • Caveman, Gottlieb 1982 • 1st true combination traditional mechanical style pinball and arcade video game • Centipede, Atari 1981 • Innovations in color pallet switching • Innovations in the genre of shooters • 1st major arcade game designed and developed by a female programmer (Dona Bailey) • First arcade game with considerable female player interest • Computer Space, Nutting Associates 1971 • First (disputed) commercial arcade game • First space themed arcade game • Innovative fiberglass cabinet

421 • Dance Dance Revolution, Konami 1999 • Innovations in rhythm and dance style gameplay • New interactive gameplay concepts • Pop culture impacts worldwide • Daytona USA, Sega 1994 • Innovations in polygon graphics • Innovations in realistic driving simulation • New standards in video game realism • Sega’s most successful arcade game • Death Race, Exidy 1976 • 1st game to give rise to public controversy due to representation of violence against a humanlike avatars on screen • Defender, Williams 1980 • 1st side scrolling space shooter • Influential side scrolling shooter • Innovations in gameplay complexity and difficulty • Donkey Kong, Nintendo 1981 • Innovations within the genre of platformer gaming • First appearance of Nintendo’s Mario and Donkey Kong characters • Worldwide pop culture impacts • The true start of what would become Nintendo’s major dominance in video games • Dragon’s Lair, Cinematronics 1982 • 1st and most successful arcade game based on Laserdisc technology • 1st professionally animated game using traditional cel animation techniques • 1st arcade game to cost 50 cents in the USA as standard • Elevator Action, Taito 1983 • Innovations in gameplay concepts around “Run and Gun” genre gameplay • Galaga, Namco/Bally-Midway 1981 • Innovations in space combat themed gameplay • Widespread popularity worldwide • Longevity in popularity with the mass public • Galaxian, Namco/Bally-Midway 1979 • First arcade game to use a true RGB color output • First game to use tile-based sprite technology • Gauntlet, Atari Games 1985 • Innovations in RPG gaming genre for an arcade-based game • Evolutions in the genre of “Dungeon Crawler” games • Innovations in co-operative 4 player arcade games • Gran Trak 10, Atari 1974 • The first arcade racing game • First arcade game with a steering wheel, gear shift, gas and brake pedals • First arcade game to use an IC based ROM • Gun Fight, Taito 1974 • 1st game with a microprocessor • 1st game to present human vs. human combat • Handicap/Pong, J.R.E. Electronics 1974 • 1st conversion or specifically marketed modification kit for an specific arcade title from a 3rd party company • Hard Drivin’, Atari Games 1989 • Innovations in realistic driving simulator gaming • Improvements and innovations in polygon graphics • Innovations in forced feedback controls • Hi-Way, Atari 1975 • 1st cockpit style arcade game cabinet • I, Robot, Atari 1984 • 1st arcade game with polygon graphics • Innovations in 3-D sandbox style gameplay • Innovations in player interaction options for non-linear gameplay • Missile Command, Atari 1980 • Topical popular culture political issues translated into an arcade video game • Moon Patrol, Irem/Williams 1982 • Innovations in video scrolling (Possibly 1st game with parallax scrolling) • 1st game with buy-in continue feature • Mortal Kombat, Midway 1990 • Advancements in digital animations and audio

422 • Realistic visualizations of extreme violence • Cultural outrage or controversy • Influences on pop culture and enduring popularity • Ms. Pac-Man, Namco/GCC/BallyMidway 1981 • Arguably the most popular arcade game of all time • Highest dedicated cabinet production of any USA manufactured arcade game • Neo Geo MVS, SNK 1990 • Innovations in modular multi-game systems • First arcade system to also include a home version capable of the exact same game quality and/or compatibility of hardware capability • Longevity of system viability for operations and patrons • Pac-Man, Namco/Midway 1980 • Worldwide pop culture phenomenon • Innovations in maze themed and platforming style gaming • The first videogame title “Superstar” character • First game to use power ups • First game with adaptative AI for player enemies • Long-term popularity within the mass public and popular culture • Pole Position, Namco/Atari 1982 • Innovations in realistic racing simulation • 1st in game commercial advertising • Pong, Atari 1972 • 1st commercially successful arcade game • 1st sports themed arcade game • 1st culturally impactful arcade game • 1st product released by Atari • Arguably the most important arcade game ever made • R-360, Sega 1991 • Innovations in submerse gaming experiences • 1st game to allow a player to physically move in almost any direction with the gameplay • Rally-X, Namco/Midway 1980 • 1st Game with continuous background music • 1st Game with bonus rounds • Innovations in maze game dynamics and concepts • Robotron:2084, Williams 1982 • Innovations in intense gaming experience • Innovations in twin stick style shooters • Space Harrier, Sega 1985 • Innovations in pseudo-3-D scaling raster graphics • Innovations in cabinet design and presentation • Innovations in video game music • Space Invaders, Taito/Midway 1978 • Advancements in arcade game play for the masses • The official start of the arcade Golden Age • Cemented the influence of video games as an art • Showcased Japan as a leader in videogame innovation • Influences on pop culture worldwide • 1st game with continuous music and noises during gameplay • Adjusted for inflation is both highest-grossing video game of all time and the highestgrossing entertainment product at the time worldwide. • Space Race, Atari 1973 • 1st Game with ROM image (made from diodes) • Atari’s 2nd arcade game after Pong, and their first flop • Space War/Space Wars, Vectorbeam/Cinematronics 1976 • 1st arcade game to use vector monitor • Star Fire, Exidy 1980 • 1st game to allow high scoring player to enter initials • 1st game to have an enclosed cockpit style cabinet • Star Wars, Atari 1983 • Innovations in on-the-rail style shooters • Innovations in movie tie-in video games • 1st video arcade game to feature digital audio clips from actors from a film

423 • Street Fighter II: The World Warrior, Capcom 1991 • 1st fighting game to use special codes to initiate special maneuvers with each character • Helped revigorated a detreating arcade market during the 1990’s • Set in motion a wave of popular one-on-one fighting style combat games • Tank, Kee Games/Atari 1974 • Helped popularize concepts around player vs. player combat gameplay • 1st major successful Atari arcade game post Pong • Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, Konami 1989 • Innovations in scrolling 4-player fighters • Innovations in adapting comic book style art into arcade game presentations • Konami’s most successful arcade game • Tempest, Atari 1981 • 1st color vector game • Innovations in surrealistic gameplay concepts • Innovations in the shooter genre • Track and Field, Konami/Centuri 1983 • First arcade-based game to feature Olympic style sporting events • Innovations in physical player interaction with controllers • Influential within the evolution of sports themed arcade games • Tron, Bally-Midway 1982 • 1st game directly developed to support a film or other media property • Turbo, Sega 1981 • Innovative pseudo-3-D like scaling using raster style graphics • Innovations in racing games providing changing behaviors in AI controlled cars • Warrior, Cinematronics/Vectorbeam 1979 • Innovations in fighting games • Could be the first true one-on-one fighting style arcade game • Wimbledon, Nutting Associates 1973 • 1st arcade game with a color monitor • Wizard of War, Bally-Midway 1981 • Innovations in player vs. player gameplay

424 Appendix B Guide of major manufacturers Allied Leisure 1968-1979 Florida based Allied Leisure started as a vending company making ride-on novelty coin-operated machines for children but would soon branch out into unique and innovative electro-mechanical coin-op games. Allied Leisure released the Pong copy Paddle Battle in 1973 which outsold the original Atari game. Allied would struggle with consistent successes throughout the 1970’s despite developing a line of popular cocktail style pinball machine models. In 1980 attempting to sound more futuristic Allied Leisure changed their name to Centuri along with most of the upper management to focus on arcade video games. Notable Games – Paddle Battle, Wild Cycle, Robot Atari 1972-1984 Atari is perhaps the best known of all American based gaming companies during the classic arcade gaming era. Atari was founded by Nolan Bushnell and Ted Dabney in Sunnyvale California. Atari found successes in home gaming, home computers, and arcade gaming markets. For a period, Atari dominated the video game industry in North America. With the downturn in the US videogame market around 1983 Atari became a victim of both its own success and its own bravado forcing a dramatic splitting up of the company by its then owner Warner Brothers. Notable Games – Pong, Breakout, Asteroids, Tempest, Missile Command, Battlezone, Centipede, Crystal Castles, Star Wars, I, Robot Atari Games 1985-2000 The original Atari was broken up by parent company Warner Brothers in 1984 into two companies; Atari Corporation (selling home computers and home video games), and Atari Games which continued to make video arcade games. Atari Games continued to make successful original titles along with home software with its company known as Tengen. Atari Games eventually was absorbed into Midway Games by 2000 ending the legacy of the original Atari. Notable Games – Gauntlet, Marble Madness, Paperboy, Escape from the Planet of the Robot Monsters, Primal Rage, Rush Capcom 1979-Present Capcom was founded by the president of video game manufacturer Irem in 1979 Kenzo Tsujimoto.

425 Capcom would soon become a major force in arcade games by the mid 1980’s producing many popular titles often sold in the USA as conversion kits. Capcom has produced several well-loved franchises over the decades but none more popular that its innovative fighting series Street Fighter. Today they are one of the largest video game companies in existence currently concentrating on home video game development worldwide. Notable Games – Commando, Ghost ‘n Goblins, 1942, Bionic Commando, Final Fight, Street Fighter Series Centuri 1980-1984 In 1980 Allied Leisure would rename themselves to Centuri to break away from their reputation as a manufacturer of old fashion electromechanical style games and its well-deserved industry reputation for lackluster quality. Although Centuri did develop a few of their own games in house almost all their titles were licensed from well-known Japanese developers such as Konami and SNK. After having their most profitable year ever in 1983 (with the release of Gyruss and Track & Field), Centuri saw the downturn in the video game market in 1984 firsthand after they released two major title flops in a row. Predicting as a company they couldn’t weather the market downturn, Centuri left the arcade game market and became a multi-faceted investment company. Notable Games – Eagle, Phoenix. Gyruss, Track & Field Cinematronics 1975-1987 It is possible that no video game company had more ups and downs financially than Cinematronics. Founded in 1975 by Dennis Partee and Gary Garrison who were former professional American football players for the San Diego Chargers team. Early on Cinematronics mostly made arcade games based on vector monitor technology, but their most famous game was the innovative and popular laserdisc-based game Dragon’s Lair. Cinematronics struggled during its history to maintain profitability but finally stopped producing arcade games by 1987. Notable Games – Space Wars, Star Castle, Dragon’s Lair Data East 1976-2003 Data East during its time developed and manufactured home video games, pinball machines, and many well-known video arcade game titles. Starting in the mid 1970’s, Data East rose to become a major video game developer by the early 1980’s. Early successful titles included Astro Fighter, Burger Time, and Bump ’N’ Jump. Data east would also produce an innovative modular arcade gaming system known as DECO which loaded game programs via a cassette. The late 1980’s and early 90’s proved to be Data East’s golden age with many popular arcade tiles and home video game releases. By 1998 Data East stopped making video games to focus on other business divisions within the company but closed its doors for good in 2003. Notable Games – Astro Fighter, Burger Time, KungFu Master, The Real Ghostbusters, Robocop, Two Crude, Magical Drop series Exidy 1973-1996 Compared to many of the other companies on this list during the 1970-80’s Exidy was a smaller scale operation. Despite their size, Exidy often produced unique and innovative products. Exidy was the first company to produce an arcade game which would become riddled with controversy due to its perceived violent content (Death Race). Despite some commercial gains with their innovative RPG dungeon crawler game Venture and popular light gun game Crossbow, Exidy was not able to catch a lasting success in the arcade gaming industry. Notable Games – Death Race, Fax, Venture, Crossbow, Chiller GCC (General Computer Corp.) 1981- 2005 GCC isn’t well known by the general gaming public, but they helped produce several of the best-known arcade games during the Golden Age. GCC first began in 1981 making modification kits for Atari’s Missile Command (Super Missile Attack) and for Namco’s Pac-Man (Crazy Otto), which would eventually become the basis for Ms. Pac-Man. GCC would also co-develop a few Atari arcade game titles, the Atari 7800 home video game system. During the 1990’s GCC left computer and gaming development to transition into a printing company. Notable Games – Super Missile Attack, Crazy Otto, Quantum, Food Fight Irem 1969-2011 Founded in 1969 by Kenzo Tsujimoto in Osaka Japan, Irem began as a company selling cotton candy machinery. Irem started quickly shifting gears into gaming by manufacturing pachinko machines in 1970. Irem started manufacturing CRT arcade monitors in 1977 and then produced their own Space Invaders type arcade game clone in 1978. Most of the best-known Irem developed arcade game titles occurred in the 1980’s.

426 Notable Games – Moon Patrol, R-Type, Kung-Fu Master Konami 1969-Present In 1969 Konami started life as a jukebox distribution and repair company in Osaka Japan. In 1978 they started to produce arcade games and quickly found profitability worldwide with several well-known classic titles including Frogger and Track & Field. Konami’s success continued in both the arcade markets and home gaming markets throughout the 80’s and 90’s and today is a multi-faceted company producing not just video games but toys and even producing films. Notable Games – Frogger, Gyruss, Track & Field, Contra, Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, The Simpsons, Dance Dance Revolution Midway 1958-2010 Founded in 1958, Midway produced a wide variety of coin-operated amusement machines. Midway acquired pinball manufacture Bally in 1969 and started producing arcade video games under the Midway name in 1973. Bally-Midway would be a large presence in the America arcade market for decades. Midway was fortunate enough to be the US licensee for both Taito’s Space Invaders and well as Namco’s Pac-Man. Even with its large success licensing other company’s games, Midway produced many original hits during the 1980’s though the early 2000’s. Midway went through several corporate mergers starting in 1988 (becoming part of Williams Electronics in the process) but would go bankrupt in 2010 ending operations for good. Notable Games – Spy Hunter, Tapper, Tron, Rampage, Mortal Kombat, NBA Jam Namco 1955-Present Namco was founded in 1955 and started manufacturing original electromechanical games for the Japanese market in 1960. It’s first forays into arcade video games in the 1970’s was a distributor for Atari arcade titles in Japan but started producing their own titles in 1977. Namco soon became a powerhouse of arcade game hits with games such as Galaxian, Galaga, Rally-X, and Pac-Man by the 1980’s. By the 1990’s Namco’s focus was more on home gaming software but continued to manufacture arcade games as well. In 2006 Namco’s assets were purchased by Bandai forming Namco-Bandai. Many gaming historians consider Namco to be one of the most innovative and important video game companies in history. Notable Games – Rally-X, Pac-Man, Galaga, Dig Dug, Xevious, Pole Position, Ridge Racer, Tekken Nintendo 1889-Present One of the most storied of all gaming brands, it would take an entire additional book to give justice to the history of Nintendo. Founded in 1889 in Japan as a playing card company, they would evolve over the years manufacturing many gaming products and electronic toys by the 1960’s. In 1972 Nintendo started dipping their toes into the videogame waters producing several home gaming and arcade gaming titles through the 1970’s. The major success for Nintendo worldwide came from its 1981 platforming game Donkey Kong which would provide a springboard of creation for many famous video game characters. Nintendo would switch to concentrating mostly on home video game systems by the mid 1980’s after the collapse of the American home video game market. Today Nintendo is one of the most profitable video game companies in the world and their video game-based characters are among the most famous fictional characters of the modern age. Notable Games – Radar Scope, Donkey Kong, Mario Bros., vs. System, Punch-Out!!, Killer Instinct Nutting Associates 1967-1977 Sometimes being first doesn’t mean being a success in the marketplace. NA would produce what most historians believe is the first commercial arcade game with Computer Space. Despite the historical importance of this game, it was not as successful as NA had hoped, nor were any of the other arcade projects that would follow afterwards. Nutting would close its doors in 1977 missing out on the coming arcade golden age. Notable Game – Computer Space Romstar 1984-1994 Mostly a distributor of conversion kits developed by Japanese manufactures during the mid 80’s-early 90’s. Romstar also dipped their toe in producing home gaming software during this time. In 1994 Romstar merged with gaming giant Capcom. Notable Games (Distributed) – Arkanoid, Bubble Bobble, 1942 Sega 1960-Present Founded in post WWII Japan by two American businessmen in 1960, Sega has been a dominate force in the video games industry worldwide for decades. Development of Sega’s first original electromechanical arcade game titles started in 1966 followed by their first arcade video games in 1973. Sega would quickly rise as an important and prolific game developer by the early 1980’s with several

427 well-known titles such as Zaxxon and Pengo. By the mid to late 1980’s Sega started to emerge as one of the global leaders in both arcade video games and home video game systems with an almost endless run of hit game titles. Today Sega is still an important force in video games although they have mostly stepped away from the production of commercial coin-operated arcade games. Their trademark mascot character Sonic the Hedgehog is well known to videogame fans of all ages all over the globe. Notable Games – Zaxxon, Pengo, Space Harrier, Out Run, After Burner, Golden Axe, Moonwalker, R-360, Daytona USA, Virtual Fighter Sente Technologies (Bally-Sente) 1982- 1988 Originally founded by several ex-Atari employees as the company Videa in 1982, Sente was bought by former Atari founder Nolan Bushnell in 1983. Sente would develop a modular cartridge-based arcade game system known as the Sente System. In 1984 the company was bought by competitor Midway. Despite many innovative ideas and products Sente struggled for mainstream success in the marketplace. Notable Games – Hattrick, Stocker, Snake Pit SNK 1973-Present SNK was founded in 1973 originally by Eikichi Kawasaki as the Shin Nihon Kikaku corporation then shortened to the initials SNK by 1981. 1979 saw the first arcade video game titles from SNK, but most USA distribution of SNK games would come licensed by other companies such as Centuri (Vanguard), and Rock-Ola (Fantasy). SNK would start distributing their own games worldwide by the mid 1980’s as well as home video game software. Starting in 1989 SNK’s innovative Neo-Geo system would go onto to become its most successful and famous creation. SNK struggled to duplicate the success in either home or arcade markets into the 21st century and today exists as a reformed company started in 2001 mostly focused on legacy products and home video game system software. Notable Games – Vanguard, Ikari Warriors, Baseball Stars, Neo-Geo MVS System, King of Fighters, Metal Slug Taito 1953-Present Although one of the most well know Japanese video game companies, Taito was founded by a Russian businessman named Michael “Misha” Kogan in 1953. First started as a company importing jukeboxes and vending machines, Taito started producing arcade video games in 1973 with the wave popularity from Atari’s Pong. Taito quickly gained a reputation as an innovative video game company. Space Invaders released in 1978 would become their breakthrough product and one of the most important arcade games ever made. Taito had many arcade game successes in the 1980’s through the 2000’s but today mostly focuses on home video game software. Notable Games – Gun Fight, Space Invaders, Qix, Elevator Action, Jungle King/Hunt, Bubble Bobble, Operation Wolf Vectorbeam 1977-1979 Vectorbeam came into existence due to some internal tumoral at Cinematronics. Founded by Larry Rosenthal in 1977, many Vectorbeam arcade titles were made in low numbers and not well received in the marketplace during their initial run. The company remerged with Cinematronics in 1979. Today examples of Vectorbeam titles are highly sought after by collectors. Notable Games – Sundance, Tail Gunner, Warrior Williams Electronics 1974-2016 Williams Electronics was born in 1974, birthed from coin-op pinball maker Williams Manufacturing Company which started in 1943. Williams Electronics technically was also controlled by the Seeburg jukebox company who bought the original Williams in 1964 but would sell off Williams Electronics in 1980. Williams Electronics started like many arcade manufactures in the early 1970’s making a series of rather unremarkable Atari Pong rip-off games. Williams’ outlook changed however in the early 1980’s with a string of innovative and popular arcade games and a reputation in the gaming community as a developer of “players” games. Through the mid 1980’s and 1990’s Williams had several hit arcade titles and pinball machines. Williams made a bold move in 1999 to modernize pinball machines with computer graphics with a system known as Pinball 2000, but the project ended up being a failure for the company losing millions of dollars. Most of Williams’ 21st century output centered on gambling machines or licensing their older titles for retro branded products through other companies. Notable Games – Defender, Joust, Robotron:2084, Narc, Smash TV

428 Appendix C Definitions of BASIC Game Genres 1st Person – Game in which the perspective of the player avatar seems to be through the direct viewpoint (via the eyes or body) of that character. Examples: 3rd Person – Generally a shooter involving a human or human-like avatar in which the view for the player is from a “camera” behind the avatar. Often the game environment within the 3rd person shooter format will be in a pseudo3-D format. Examples: Devastators (Konami), Space Harrier (Sega), Xybots (Atari Games) Beat ‘em Up – Generic label given to any game where waves of enemies are dispensed with via “Street” style combat. Often this title is associated with side scrolling fighters. Examples: Vigilante (Irem), Double Dragon (Taito) Brick Buster – Early game genre first seen in Atari’s Breakout which was itself an evolution of Pong. A player controls a paddle like avatar in which a ball will reflect on from an oncoming area with the goal to direct the ball into any number of targets. In most brick buster style games, the player attempts to remove bricks in the form of a wall to progress to future levels. Examples: Bomb Bee (Namco), Arkanoid (Taito) Driving – Any game in which the theming centers around the concepts of driving a vehicle of some kind. Although automobile racing is the most common in this genre, there are many other vehicles in driving games either based in a reality or fantasy. Driving games do not necessary indicate a traditional race, but sometimes are a skillbased rule set or set against a timer. Examples: Night Driver (Atari), Out Run (Sega) Dungeon Crawler – Sub genre of the RPG genre where the main action centers on fighting and/or circumnavigating dungeon areas. Examples: Venture (Exidy), Gauntlet (Atari)

429 Flight Simulator – Game genre in which a more realistic simulation of aeronautical flight is presented. Flight simulators can include combat if the combat mechanics are grounded compared to fast action arcade game style gameplay. Examples: F-15 Strike Eagle (Microprose), Airline Pilots (Sega) Hack and Slash – The hack and slash genre relates to combat games (often side scrolling) in which the theming revolves around swordplay style weapons. Examples: Rastan (Taito), Golden Axe (Sega), Skulls and Crossbows (Atari Games) Hunt and Score – Any game in which points are accumulated by trapping or capturing enemies. Examples: Pac-Man (Namco), Qix (Taito), Quantum (Atari) Isometric – A subgenre indicator to describe games which use a parallel perspective via a slightly birds’ eye angled viewpoint for a wider view of a playfield. Often used in home computer strategy games, this presentation sometimes makes its way into arcade games as well. Examples: Zaxxon (Sega), Q*Bert (Gottlieb), Marble Madness (Atari Games) Laserdisc – Any arcade game regardless of gameplay themes than uses a laser disc system as a means of video playback storage. Examples: Dragon’s Lair (Cinematronics), Mach 3 (Mylstar/Taito), Firefox (Atari) Light-Gun – Target shooting or combat themed games that utilize a light gun controller as part of or as the primary controller for the player. Examples: Qwak! (Atari), Vs. Duck Hunt (Nintendo), Crossbow (Exidy) Maze – Any game that takes place in a maze-like defined area, regardless or not if the maze is changing or modifiable. This can include games in a traditional top-down perspective such as Pac-Man or later more 3-D like games in a maze such as Xybots. Examples: Gotcha (Atari), Berzerk (Stern), Irritating Maze, The (SNK/Saurus) Movie, Comic Book, or TV Tie-In – Any game that bases its main theming or concepts around a movie, comic book, or television property or characters. Examples: Cloak & Dagger (Atari), Robocop (Data East), The Simpsons (Konami) One-on-One Fighter – Any game where to players compete in a head-to-head combat style competition. Player avatars do not necessarily have to be human per se, but the combat style normally revolves around players striking each other until one of the players is defeated. Examples: Street Fighter (Capcom), Mortal Kombat (Midway), Tekken (Namco) Over the Shoulder– A variation of the concepts around 3rd person shooters, but often given to describe an exact usage of a close player avatar in which the playfield is seen slightly over the shoulder of the main character while shooting a weapon of some kind. In the over the shoulder genre the plater avatar sometimes can appear slightly transparent to allow for a view of the entire playfield in front of the character. Examples: Punch-Out!! (Nintendo), Dynamite Duke (Seibu) Overhead Scrolling (or Shooter) – Any game title using a bird’s eye style perspective with a scrolling playfield for the gameplay. Commonly used in fast paced scrolling shooters. Examples: Xevious (Namco), 1941 (Capcom), Raiden (Seibu) Pac-Man Like – Games that mimic or copy the gameplay dynamics of Namco’s Pac-Man game. This will usually involve a main player character that must collect objects in a maze while been pursued by enemies of some kind. Examples: Lock’N’Chase (Taito), Pepper II (Exidy), Changes (Orca) Platformer - The objective in a platformer is to move the player avatar in the game environment safety to the next area or level. This normally involves avoiding dangerous areas of uneven terrain, different height, moving

430 platforms or enemies in the playfield. Examples: Donkey Kong (Nintendo), Roc N’ Rope (Konami), Bubble Bobble (Taito) Pong Type – Games that use similar major play dynamics to the Atari game Pong or simple video tennis. Normally this will be two payers using an avatar on opposite sides of a playfield passing a ball like object from side to side of the screen. Examples: Paddle Battle (Allied Leisure), Windjammers (Data East) Puzzle – When the main theming of a game is to use logic as a main part of the problem solving to advance in the game, it can be considered a puzzle game. This can be in connection to other gameplay dynamics or strictly based around a logical solution to a problem. Examples: Tetris (Sega), Klax (Atari Games), Vs. Dr. Mario (Nintendo) RPG or Role-Playing Game – Any arcade game that mimics or includes elements from tabletop or pen and paper style dungeon games such as Dungeons and Dragons. This can include elements of character skill development, sword and sorcery themes, leveling up characters, dungeon style adventuring, or games that allow for some free roaming within levels of gameplay. Examples: Cadash (Taito), Dungeons & Dragons: Tower of Doom (Taito), Gate of Doom (Data East) Racer – Game that uses the theming of driving in which the main goal is to beat other drivers in a race to first place, or to beat most of the other racers. Games often use vehicles of some kind on a set track or route but could also be a sports contest between human like avatars running. Examples: Pole Position (Namco), Ivan Stewart’s Super Off Road (Leland), Daytona USA (Sega) Run and Gun – Scrolling fighter centered around fast paced shooting of vast numbers of enemies. Examples: Elevator Action (Taito), Cyber-Lip (SNK), Contra (Konami) Rhythm – Games that are designed to mimic patterns dealing with musical melodies. The gameplay is often centered around a player matching the timing of music presented using an interactive controller based on a musical instrument or dance floor. Examples: Dance Dance Revolution (Konami), Guitar Hero (Konami/Activision) Scrolling Fighter – Scrolling playfield game (either vertical or horizontally scrolling) where players fight their way towards progress within a level by defeating enemies, which in turn allows further scrolling of the playfield. Combat in these themed games is often simplistic compared to one-on-one fighters. Examples: Altered Beast (Sega), Sunset Riders (Konami), Final Fight (Capcom) Scrolling Shooter – Any game title that has as its main play mechanics a scrolling playfield horizontal or vertical) where players shoot (with a weapon or combat projectile) waves of incoming enemies. Examples: Stargate (Williams), Commando (Capcom), Blazing Star (Yumekobo) Side Scrolling – A game in which the movement mechanics on the screen playfield scroll in the horizontal manner exclusively. Examples: Scramble (Konami), Moon Patrol (Irem), Jungle Hunt (Taito) Space Shooter – A generic term used to describe games using space theming or an outer space setting. For the purposes of this guide, we use this term to describe mostly early style arcade space themed games that do not use scrolling but may have animated backgrounds that mimic scrolling. Examples: Computer Space (Nutting), Space Invaders (Taito), Star Castle (Cinematronics) Sports – Title were the play mechanics of sporting events, or a sporting contest are used, simulated, mimicked, or lifted from. Games in the sports genre can be realistic simulations of a particular known sport, or a fictional sport made up of the theming of a well-known sport. Examples: Atari X’s & O’s Football (Atari), Track & Field (Konami), NBA Jam (Midway) Twin Stick Shooter – Games using one controller for the movement of the character avatar in the playfield, and another controller to shoot directionally and enemies. Examples: Gun Fight (Taito), Robotron:2084 (Williams), Black Widow (Atari)

431 Appendix d Common arcade Conversion classes Many pre-1985 arcade games have specific wiring harnesses and inputs into the main game PCB known as a pinout. Most pinouts for early arcade video game titles were specifically designed to be compatible with only one game title. This was done for a variety of reasons but mainly to prevent operators or competitors from using their products in a fashion they didn’t feel justified. Despite this some pre-1984 arcade game titles are practically “plug and play” compatible with other titles thanks to some standardization with manufactures or some game titles sharing similar hardware. After 1985 compatibly became more commonplace thanks to the JAMMA standard being adapted and the popularity of more modular arcade gaming platforms. The Vintage Arcade Gal strongly recommends checking all PCB schematics, voltages, pinouts, wiring, and compatibility requirements with any PCB before attempting to connect an unknown PCB into a hardness in which it might not be 100% compatible with. Many game PCBs (especially bootleg versions) may have the same physical pinout types, but the pinout configurations can be completely different board to board or machine to machine causing permanent damage for components. When in any doubt consult an expert since even the smallest voltage issue can destroy valuable electronic parts. The following list is far from an exhaustive one but lists some of the more popular and known compatible conversion PCB classes of US released versions of arcade games. Atari System 1- Introduced in 1984, Atari developed the System 1 as an easy way for operators to change game titles in a dedicated System 1 cabinet. Although all the System 1 game titles technically came from the factory at

432 some point as a “dedicated unit”, the interchangeable nature of the system makes this fact somewhat inconsequential. Kits included a new populated control panel, marquee, and a small cartridge like board. Some games used unique controller setups compared to others such as Roadblasters. The System 1 was very popular with operators and players although only 5 titles were released for the system. Today the Atari System 1 is a favorite with my classic arcade game collectors. Capcom CP System – Although technically JAMMA compliant, the CP System uses a removable daughter board on the main PCB to change game titles. Many early Street Fighter II game versions use this PCB system and bootlegs are common. Capcom CP System II (CPS2) – The CP System II uses two board sets, an A board which connects via JAMMA to the arcade cabinet, and a B board which contains the actual game program hardware. Capcom attempted to circumvent some of the issues surrounding the mass bootlegging of their original CP System with the use of a battery connected to the security encryption required for the game to work. Once these batteries die, the board becomes unplayable and must be carefully replaced before losing power completely. Capcom CP System III (CPS3) - The CP System III uses a CD-ROM to load the game program onto the main PCB as well as a security cartridge with the game BIOS. Much like the CP System II, the cartridges contain a battery which if fails, will render the cartridge useless. Convert-A-Game (Sega G80) – Early attempt by Sega to create a easy to exchange and convert arcade system. While all games in the G80 series are based around Zilog Z80 processors since some titles use vector monitors and others raster the system is not necessarily easily swappable compared to other modular systems. Deco System – The Deco system was created by Data East and was more successful in its native Japan than in the United States. Deco is often credited as the first truly modular and easily changeable arcade game system offered by any manufacturer. Game programs are stored on audio cassettes in a similar nature as was common at the time with early home computers. A specific to the title “Key Module”, which is essentially a security key, is also required for the game title to activate. The downside to this system was the cassette system was not well suited for the harsh environments of video game arcades since the cassettes could be fragile. Despite this almost 50 titles would be offered for the system in its lifetime with several popular titles being licensed by other companies. Galaxian/Pac-Man – Shared pinout standard used in many popular Namco developed games, as well as some other manufactures. Many early Pac-Man title arcade PCBs are swappable with each other under certain parameters thanks to this shared pinout. Hyper Neo Geo 64 – Hyper Neo Geo 64 was the failed follow-up to SNK’s original Neo Geo MVS arcade system. Only 7 titles would be produced for they system, with some not easily swappable in the same cabinet due to differences in controller needs. JAMMA – JAMMA (Japan Amusement Machine and Marketing Association) is the most widely used wiring standard for arcade games starting around 1985. The JAMMA standard was developed with the cooperation of many of the major Japanese arcade gaming manufactures of the time. Any arcade game cabinet with standard JAMMA wiring can use any JAMMA compatible PCB with some rare limitations. JAMMA quickly became the universal arcade standard thanks mostly to Japan’s dominance in the arcade industry after 1985. The appeal of the JAMMA standard is apparent since it allows easy swap outs of game titles with little to no modification to the actual cabinet required. JAMMA+ - JAMMA+ is a JAMMA compatible wiring format which allows the use of 6 buttons per plays over the standard 3. JAMMA+ is mostly intended for popular one-on-one fighting games that use a 6 button and one joystick per player layout. A game cabinet wired for JAMMA+ will still be compatible with regular JAMMA PCBs.

433 Konami “Classic” Pinout – Unlike most other manufactures in the early 1980’s, Konami often used a consistent pinout connector arrangement for their PCBs making for easy swap ability between game titles of a certain age. Max-A-Flex – Exidy produced this arcade game system based around the Atari 8-bit computers of the early 1980’s. Inside the generically appointed cabinet contained a slightly modified Atari 600XL computer where the game cartridge would be inserted. Gameplay was regulated by a digital timer for the player, and new game title kits also contained a new marquee to advertise the game. Since there is no specific lock-out encryption to the system, any Atari 600XL compatible game cartridge can work in the cabinet. Neo Geo MVS – SNK’s masterpiece of cartridge-based gaming. Game cartridges easily fit inside a main PCB capable of 1,2,4, or 6 selections depending on the version of the MVS system. Originally only small mylar marquee signs were offered that fit into the factory marquee (For North American systems), but later some dedicated marquees and other variations became available. The Neo Geo MVS uses a generic universal control panel that is not changed title to title except for the game The Irritating Maze. Play Choice – Nintendo’s “jukebox” style arcade gaming system based around titles from its home video game system the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES). Although the games used in the Play Choice are nearly identical to the NES home versions, the system is not compatible with the NES natively. Sega System 1 – A popular series of PCBs from Sega starting in 1983 which use a compatible wire harness and edge pinout connector. Game hardware is powered by the Z80 Zilog processor and shares some hardware design with the SG-1000 and Sega Master System home video game systems. Sega System 16 – The Sega System 16 uses a main PCB and a daughter board PCB housing the game program. Despite JAMMA becoming the industry standard by the mid to late 1980’s, the Sega System 16 uses its own wiring harness standard. Many of Sega’s most popular titles from this era were released on the System 16 hardware making it popular with collectors today. Like some other PCB systems, the System 16 hardware often uses a security battery that if unchanged correctly can cause the board to be unusable. Sega Mega-Tech System – An attempt to create an arcade game system around Sega’s popular Genesis home video game system and the Sega Master System. The system was not officially released in the USA, but many units found their way into the country. Although the game system shares its base technology with Sega’s 8-bit and 16-bit home gaming systems, the cartridges are not compatible in any fashion. Sega Naomi – Naomi shares a lot of the basic hardware design with Sega’s Dreamcast home gaming system. Games hardware was first made available via switchable PCBs, but later titles came in a GD-ROM format (which require a GD-ROM compatible version of the base hardware system). The system was very successful, and a great number of titles are available for the system. Sente System – The Sente System was an attempt to create a modular arcade game system using small cartridges inside generic arcade cabinet for easy changing of titles. Specific game titles also have their own control panels and marquees. Although the Sente System was not widely successful in the marketplace it is popular with collectors today. Vs. Unisystem – Using a standard base PCB, game titles can be switched though a changing of program ROMs, special color pallet chips, and sometimes special motherboards. Many of the titles for Nintendo’s Vs. Unisystem are like titles offered for its home video game NES system but are not compatible and sometimes have play dynamic differences.

434 Appendix e major CONTROLLER TYPES Button – A switch normally circular in shape and somewhat flush mounted allowing for quick connecting contact to be made. The pushing on a button creates a contact to be momentary connected or disconnected allowing for input from the user. Most buttons automatically spring back to an upward condition in an arcade game. Button (LED) – Buttons using LED technology are designed to luminate in some manner either constantly or when a specific input or output is set to the switch. Dance Mat – A controller, often placed at floor level, designed to allow a player to physically step on (or dance on) a corresponding appropriate area when is needed during gameplay. Flight Stick – A controller used in flight games intended to mimic the controller set-up of an aircraft or similar flying craft. Forced Feedback – Any system that presents a motorized resistance or reaction to player controls or the player physical environment which is intended to simulate real world physics or vibrations. Joypad – A joypad is a flush mounted controller like a directional joystick in its application. While joypads are uncommon in arcade game use, they can offer a more ergonomic gaming experience in some situations. Joystick – Standard directional movement control made up of a protruding stick which allows for directional input from the player. The stick can pivot and move in multiple directions and is normally connected to a centering

435 base of some measure. Joysticks are perhaps the most common use of player controls for arcade games. Joystick controllers can come in a practically limitless variety of directional or sensitivity capability. Hall Effect – Hall effect joysticks utilize magnetics and the changes in voltage caused by the movement of the joystick instead of traditional joystick sensors which can wear out in time. The magnets in a hall effect joystick never physically touch but changes in measured voltage are due to the movement of the joystick itself. Hall effect sticks also allow a greater sensitivity of direction compared to standard 8-way joysticks but are not necessarily more or less reliable in arcade games due to their sophisticated nature. Leaf Switch – Leaf switches are found in controllers and buttons of most pre 1986 arcade game machines. Leaf switches are a relativity simple on/off switch made of two (or sometimes more) strips of thin conductive material which make contact when a button is pressed. Leaf switches started to become less common towards the late 80’s in arcade games due to the popularity of microswitches which can react more quickly and have slightly better durability. Light Gun – A light gun is any controller shaped like a projectile shooting weapon aimed at the video monitor in an arcade game for target shooting. Some light guns use simple optical sensors to interact with targets while other guns use more sophisticated methods. Microswitch – Microswitches are small switches to measure or regulate input from controllers or buttons. Designed to be small, fast to respond, and reliable microswitches became commonplace in arcade games taking over for earlier leaf switch designs seen in arcade games. Most microswitches are incased in a plastic box containing all the switching elements inside. Motion or Motorized Cabinet – Any arcade cabinet that moves along with gameplay. Motion cabinets typically are cockpit style games that have heavy duty hydraulic style motors that react to the directional controls from the player. Motion Sensor – Any sensor intended to interpret physical movement from the player’s body into information to control onscreen action(s). Motion sensors are sometimes uses in connection to special controllers or playercontrolled accessories. Optical Sensor - Paddle – A paddle refers to a controller that uses a Pedal – Pedals can refer to either controls designed to mimic the typical gas, brake, and clutch functions of an automobile or those found in machines capable of flight. Periscope – A controller or design element of an arcade game meant to mimic the presentation of a submarine ship’s viewing mechanism. Shifter – Shifters are gear changing controllers mostly used in driving genre games to vary speed or regulate the simulation of changing engine gears. Many shifters on arcade games are much more simplistic than on real automobiles and do not normally include a clutch pedal. Spinner – Similar in design to a paddle, a spinner is designed to spin freely Steering Wheel – A controller designed to recreate the dynamics of controlling a vehicle such as an automobile, truck, or boat.

436 Trackball (Trak-ball) – A directional input control that uses a hard ball held into place by a restrictive opening and a series of sensors underneath the control panel. Trackballs allow for fast movements in an arcade game and have commonly been used in sports titles. VR Headset – A VR, or virtual reality headset is a device normally worn over the eyes to have access to a full perifoveal vision field of the gameplay area. Many VR headsets offer 3-D like environments allowing for a full emersion gaming experience to the player. Yoke – A yoke is a term used to describe a directional controller designed to appear and function in a similar manner to those used in aircrafts, often like those used in a helicopter.

437 Appendix f USA Released NEO GEO MVS Carts The following is a listing of all the officially released games for the Neo Geo MVS arcade system in the USA. Despite the large about of one-on-one fighter titles, the Neo Geo has a decent variety of game genre titles in its library. Keep in mind that bootleg and overseas carts are commonplace and are easily available thanks to internet commerce. Although no price guidelines are given here for individual cartridges, it goes without saying that some titles are rarer or more desirable than other titles. In future versions of this guide, I hope to also include price guidelines for these items. Originally game cartridges would have shipped in a small cardboard box and included a small mylar insert for the main marquee. 3 Count Bout SNK, March 25, 1993 Genre: Sports, Pro Wrestling Aero Fighters 2 Video System, 1994 Genre: Scrolling Shooter Aero Fighters 3 Video System, 1995 Genre: Scrolling Shooter Aggressors of Dark Kombat ADK, 1994 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Alpha Mission II SNK, 1991 Genre: Scrolling Shooter Andro Dunos Visco Corp., June 15, 1992 Genre: Scrolling Shooter

434 Art of Fighting SNK, 1992 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Art of Fighting 2 SNK, 1994 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Art of Fighting 3 SNK, 1996 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Bang Bead Visco Corp., 2000 Genre: Pong, Brick Buster Baseball Stars Professional SNK, 1990 Genre: Sports, Baseball Baseball Stars 2 SNK, 1992 Genre: Sports, Baseball Battle Flip Shot Visco Corp., 1998 Genre: Sports, Brick Buster, Pong Blazing Star SNK, 1998 Genre: Scrolling Shooter Blue's Journey Alpha Denshi, 1990 Genre: Platformer Breakers Visco Corp., 1996 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Breakers Revenge Visco Corp., 1998 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Burning Fight SNK, 1991 Genre: Side Scrolling Fighter, Beat ‘em Up Bust-A-Move (Puzzle Bobble) Taito, June 1994 Genre: Puzzle Note: Possibly the most successful Neo Geo MVS title that wasn’t a one-on-one fighter., The game features many of the characters seen in the Taito game Bubble Bobble. Bust-A-Move Again (Puzzle Bobble 2) Taito, 1995 Genre: Puzzle Captain Tomaday Visco Corp., 1999 Genre: Overhead Scrolling Shooter Crossed Swords Alpha Denshi, 1991 Genre: Hack and Slash, RPG, Over the Shoulder Cyber-Lip SNK, November 7, 1990 Genre: Scrolling Fighter, Run and Gun Double Dragon Technos, 1995 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Note: Unlike the original side scrolling beat ‘em up game, this version is a standard one-on-one fighter style game. Eightman Pallas, 1991 Genre: Side Scrolling Fighter, TV Tie-in Note: Based on the characters from the 1963 Japanese Magna series of the same name. Far East of Eden: Kabuki Klash Racdym, 1995 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Fatal Fury: King of Fighters SNK, November 25, 1991 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Fatal Fury 2 SNK, December 10, 1992 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Fatal Fury Special SNK, September 16, 1993 Genre: One-on-One Fighter

435 Fatal Fury 3: The Road to Final Victory SNK, March 27, 1995 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Fight Fever Viccom, July 1994 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Football Frenzy SNK, 1992 Genre: Sports, Football Galaxy Fight: Universal Warriors Sunsoft, January 24, 1995 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Ganryu Visco Corp., 1999 Genre: Side-Scrolling Fighter, Hack and Slash Garou: Mark of the Wolves SNK, November 26, 1999 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Ghost Pilots SNK, 1991 Genre: Ariel Combat, Scrolling Shooter Goal! Goal! Goal! Visco Corp., 1995 Genre: Sports, Soccer Gururin Face, May 25, 1994 Genre: Puzzle Irritating Maze, The Saurus, 1997 Genre: Maze, Skill, Puzzle Note: Uses a special trackball controller and is the only USA released Neo Geo MVS game which came in its own dedicated cabinet. Karnov's Revenge Data East, March 7, 1994 Gerne: One-On-One Fighter King of Fighters '94, The SNK, October 1, 1994 Genre: One-on-One Fighter King of Fighters '95, The SNK, July 25, 1995 Genre: One-on-One Fighter King of Fighters '96, The SNK, July 30, 1996 Genre: One-on-One Fighter King of Fighters '97, The SNK, July 28, 1997 Genre: One-on-One Fighter King of Fighters '98, The (The Slugfest) SNK, July 23, 1998 Genre: One-on-One Fighter King of Fighters '99, The (Millennium Battle) SNK, July 22, 1999 Genre: One-on-One Fighter King of Fighters 2000, The SNK, July 26, 2000 Genre: One-on-One Fighter King of Fighters 2001, The Eolith/SNK, November 15, 2001 Genre: One-on-One Fighter King of Fighters 2002, The (Challenge to the Ultimate Battle) Eolith/SNK, July 22, 2002 Genre: One-on-One Fighter King of Fighters 2003, The (King of Fighters X) Eolith/SNK, March 11, 2003 Genre: One-on-One Fighter King of the Monsters SNK, 1991 Genre: One-on-One Fighter King of the Monsters 2 SNK, 1992 Genre: One-on-One Fighter

436 Kizuna Encounter: Super Tag Battle SNK, 1996 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Last Blade, The SNK, 1997 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Last Blade 2, The SNK, 1998 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Last Resort SNK, 1992 Genre: Side Scrolling Shooter League Bowling SNK, 1992 Genre: Sports, Bowling Note: Game cartridge contains a cable input/out allowing for up to 8-players between 4 connected Neo Geo MVS arcade units. Legend of Success Joe Wave Corporation, July 1991 Genre: Sports, Boxing Note: Not released officially outside of Japan, but often shows up on multigame carts as well as bootleg versions despite being considered one of the worst games in the Neo Geo MVS library. Magical Drop II Data East, 1996 Genre: Puzzle Magical Drop III Data East, 1997 Genre: Puzzle Magician Lord Alpha Denshi, April 26, 1990 Genre: Side Scrolling Fighter Matrimelee Noise Factory, March 20, 2003 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Metal Slug: Super Vehicle-001 Nazca Corporation, April 19, 1996 Genre: Side Scrolling Fighter, Run and Gun Metal Slug 2: Super Vehicle-001/II SNK, 1998 Genre: Side Scrolling Fighter, Run and Gun Metal Slug X: Super Vehicle-001 SNK, March 1999 Genre: Side Scrolling Fighter, Run and Gun Note: This is a re-released version of Metal Slug 2 to fix issues surrounding game slowdown and other bugs. The game is also somewhat more difficult than the original and adds some new content. Metal Slug 3 SNK, 2000 Genre: Side Scrolling Fighter, Run and Gun Metal Slug 4 Playmore, 2002 Genre: Side Scrolling Fighter, Run and Gun Metal Slug 5 Noise Factory/SNK-Playmore, 2003 Genre: Side Scrolling Fighter, Run and Gun Money Puzzle Exchanger Face, January 17, 1997 Genre: Puzzle Mutation Nation SNK, 1992 Genre: Side Scrolling Fighter, Beat ‘em Up NAM-1975 SNK, April 26, 1990 Genre: 3rd Person Shooter Neo Bomberman Produce/Hudson Soft, May 1, 1997 Genre: Maze, Platformer Neo Drift Out: New Technology Visco Corporation/SNK, March 28, 1996 Genre: Isometric Racer Neo Mr. Do! Universal, 1996 Genre: Maze, Platformer Note: An update of the classic 1982 Universal game Mr. Do, featuring many of the same gaming elements.

437 Neo Turf Masters Nazca/Saurus, 1996 Genre: Sports, Golf Neo Geo Cup '98: The Road to the Victory SNK, 1998 Genre: Sports, Soccer Nightmare in the Dark AM Factory, January 27, 2000 Genre: Platformer Ninja Combat Alpha Denshi, July 24, 1990 Genre: Side Scrolling Fighter, Beat ‘em Up Ninja Commando Alpha Denshi, April 30, 1992 Genre: Scrolling Fighter, Run and Gun Ninja Master's: Haoh Ninpou-chou ADK, 1996 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Over Top ADK, April 26, 1996 Genre: Isometric Racer Panic Bomber: Bomberman Hudson Soft, 1996 Genre: Puzzle Pleasure Goal: 5 on 5 Mini Soccer Saurus, 1996 Genre: Sports, Soccer Pochi & Nyaa Aiky/Taito, December 24, 2003 Genre: Puzzle Pop'n Bounce Video System Co. Ltd., 1997 Genre: Brick Buster, Puzzle Note: Fun updated Atari Breakout clone which received a very limited worldwide release, especially in the USA. Power Spikes II Video System Co. Ltd./Taito, October 19, 1994 Genre: Sports, Volleyball Prehistoric Isle 2 Saurus/Yumekobo, September 27, 1999 Genre: Side Scrolling Shooter Pulstar Aicom, August 28, 1995 Genre: Side Scrolling Shooter Puzzle de Pon! Visco Corporation, November 28, 1995 Genre: Puzzle Puzzle de Pon! R Visco Corporation, 1997 Genre: Puzzle Puzzled SNK, 1990 Genre: Puzzle Notes: Game is a somewhat blatant rip-off of Tetris. Rage of the Dragons Evoga/Noise Factory, June 6, 2002 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Ragnagard Saurus, 1996 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Real Bout Fatal Fury SNK, 1995 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Real Bout Fatal Fury Special SNK, 1997 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Real Bout Fatal Fury 2: The Newcomers SNK, April 29, 1998 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Riding Hero SNK, July 24, 1990 Genre: Racing, Motorcycle, RPG Note: Game cartridge contains a cable input/out allowing for up to 2-players between 2 connected Neo Geo MVS arcade units via “Multi Play”. Robo Army SNK, November 1991 Genre: Side Scrolling Fighter, Beat ‘em Up

438 Samurai Shodown (Samurai Spirits) SNK, July 7, 1993 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Samurai Shodown II SNK, October 28, 1994 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Samurai Shodown III SNK, November 15, 1995 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Samurai Shodown IV: Amakusa’s Revenge SNK, November 1996 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Samurai Shodown V Yuki/SNK Playmore, 2003 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Samurai Shodown V Special SNK/Playmore, July 15, 2004 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Note: This was the last officially released licensed title for the Neo Geo MVS system. Savage Reign SNK, May 1995 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Sengoku SNK, 1991 Genre: Side Scrolling Fighter, Hack and Slash Sengoku 2 SNK, 1993 Genre: Side Scrolling Fighter, Hack and Slash Sengoku 3 SNK/Noise Factory, 2001 Genre: Side Scrolling Fighter, Hack and Slash Shock Troopers Saurus, November 1997 Genre: Run and Gun Shock Troopers 2nd Squad Saurus, 1998 Genre: Run and Gun Soccer Brawl SNK, February 14, 1992 Genre: Sports, Soccer (Futuristic) Spin Master Data East, Onan Games. 1993 Genre: Side Scrolling Fighter, Platformer Stakes Winner Saurus/AM Factory, September 27, 1995 Genre: Sports, Horse Racing Stakes Winner 2 Saurus/System Vision, September 24, 1996 Genre: Sports, Horse Racing Street Slam Data East/Onan Games, December 8, 1994 Genre: Sports, Street Court Basketball (3 on 3) Strikers 1945 Plus Psikyo, December 24, 1999 Genre: Scrolling Shooter, Aerial Shooter Super Dodge Ball Technos, 1996 Genre: Sports, Dodge Ball Note: This was the last videogame from arcade game developer Technos before going out of business. There was no official Japanese release of this game for the Neo Geo MVS. Super Baseball 2020 Pallas/SNK, 1991 Genre: Sports, Baseball (Futuristic) Super Sidekicks SNK, December 14, 1992 Genre: Sports, Soccer Super Sidekicks 2: The World Championship SNK, April 19, 1994 Genre: Sports, Soccer Super Sidekicks 3: The Next Glory SNK, March 6, 1995 Genre: Sports, Soccer

439 Super Spy, The SNK, October 8, 1990 Genre: First Person Perspective Fighter, Beat ‘em Up Note: A unique game which combines a 1st person perspective of the player and some light RPG elements into the gameplay. SNK vs. Capcom: SVC Chaos SNK/Playmore, 2003 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Tecmo World Soccer '96 Tecmo, 1996 Genre: Sports, Soccer Thrash Rally Alpha Denshi, 1991 Genre: Overhead Racer Note: One of the few Neo Geo MVS Game cartridges that allows “Multi Play” connectivity for two MVS arcade machines so four players can play at once. Top Hunter: Roddy & Cathy SNK, 1994 Genre: Side Scrolling Fighter, Shooter, Beat ‘em Up Top Player's Golf SNK, May 23, 1990 Genre: Sports, Golf Twinkle Star Sprites ADK, 1996 Genre: Scrolling Shooter The Ultimate 11: SNK Football Championship SNK, October 16, 1996 Genre: Sports, Soccer Viewpoint Sammy/Aicom, November 20, 1992 Genre: Isometric Shooter Voltage Fighter Gowcaizer Technos, 1995 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Waku Waku 7 Sunsoft, 1996 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Windjammers Data East, 1994 Genre: Sports, Flying Disc, Pong Type World Heroes Alpha Denshi, July 28, 1992 Genre: One-on-One Fighter World Heroes 2 Alpha Denshi, April 26, 1993 Genre: One-on-One Fighter World Heroes 2 Jet ADK, April 26, 1994 Genre: One-on-One Fighter World Heroes Perfect ADK, May 25, 1995 Genre: One-on-One Fighter Zed Blade NMK, September 13, 1994 Genre: Side Scrolling Shooter ZuPaPa! Face, 2001 Genre: Platformer Genre: Gameplay is very much like Taito’s Bubble Bobble.

440 Appendix g Play choice 1o Cart titles The Nintendo Play Choice arcade system came in a variety of dedicated cabinets and conversion kits for installation into older arcade game cabinets. The system is essentially a “video game jukebox” allowing for players to pay for time played instead of the traditional “pay until you die” approach. Up to 10 small daughterboard cards containing the game titles could be installed into the main motherboard PCB by the operator. Games were easy to switch out and were made available up until early 1992 when the system was discontinued. Game packs came shipped in small cardboard mailers and often included a tiny metal topper marquee to announce the new title. The Play Choice system was extremely popular during its release for Nintendo probably helping with the successful home video game sales of its Nintendo Entertainment Home System (or NES). All game carts and hardware are based on the same NES hardware for the home system, but the two systems are not directly compatible in any fashion and not all NES titles saw a Play Choice release. Today the system has a decent amount of crossover appeal with collectors of all things Nintendo, home video game collectors, and arcade video game collectors. Top: A sealed Play Choice game pack Middle: A Play Choice game cartridge Bottom: Metal sign topper

1942 Capcom, 1986 Scrolling shooter based on the arcade game of the same name Balloon Fight Nintendo, 1986 Co-op or competitive 2 player game much like Williams’ Joust arcade game Baseball Nintendo, 1986 A generic baseball game which is very close to the Vs. Unisystem version Baseball Stars SNK, 1989 Baseball game based on the SNK arcade game of the same name Captain Skyhawk Milton Bradley, 1990 Top scrolling shooter with decent graphics Castlevania Konami, 1987 Classic Dracula themed side scrolling fighter from Konami Game was first released on the Vs. Unisystem platform Chip 'n Dale Rescue Rangers (Disney’s) Capcom, 1990 Side scrolling platformer based on the Disney cartoon of the same name Contra Konami, 1988 Classic side scrolling shooter/fighter from Konami based on the arcade game Double Dragon Tradewest/Technos, 1988 Side scrolling beat ‘em up based on the classic arcade game but differs in many gameplay elements including not allowing for 2-player co-op Double Dribble Konami, 1987 Basketball game based on the 1986 Konami arcade released game Dr. Mario Nintendo, 1990 Original puzzle game with Nintendo’s Mario and earwormy music Duck Hunt Nintendo, 1986 Duck shooting light gun game which differs slightly from the Vs. Unisystem version Excitebike Nintendo, 1986 Dirt bike side scrolling racer also released for the Vs. Unisystem but the two versions have multiple differences in gameplay features Fester's Quest Sunsoft, 1989 Platformer and shooter based on the character from the Addams Family cartoons Gauntlet Tengen, 1988 Dungeon crawling action-based RPG based on the Atari Games arcade release of the same name Golf Nintendo, 1986 A basic golf game which is almost a carbon copy of the Vs. Unisystem release The Goonies Konami, 1986 Unique side scrolling platformer based around the Richard Donner movie of the same name The version released for the NES home gaming system is titled Goonies II. Gradius Konami, 1986 Classic side scrolling space themed shooter from Konami based on the arcade game Hogan's Alley Nintendo, 1986 Light gun target shooting game also made for the Vs. Unisystem Kung Fu Nintendo/Irem, 1986 Very basic side scrolling fighter based on the arcade game by Irem

442 Mario Bros. Nintendo, 1986 Adaptation of the classic co-op arcade game of the same title Mario's Open Golf Nintendo, 1991 Fun golf game starring characters from the Nintendo universe Mega Man 3 Capcom, 1990 Third in the series (only Mega Man 3 was released on the Play Choice out of the Mega Man series of games) run and gun platformer that is known for its difficulty Metroid Nintendo, 1986 Unique and innovative somewhat open world sci-fi based platformer Mike Tyson's Punch-Out!! Nintendo, 1987 Differs greatly from the original arcade release Punch-Out!! in several ways including eliminating the see-through perspective from behind the boxer, and the inclusion of real-life boxer Mike Tyson. Ninja Gaiden Tecmo, 1989 Less than stellar translation of the hack and slash arcade game of the same name Ninja Gaiden II: The Dark Sword of Chaos Tecmo, 1990 Ninja scrolling fighting sequel to the original Ninja Gaiden Ninja Gaiden III: The Ancient Ship of Doom Tecmo, 1991 Third in the series of side scrolling fighting games and manufactured in very low numbers for the Play Choice system Nintendo World Cup Nintendo, 1990 Soccer game originally developed by Technos Pinbot Nintendo/Rare, 1990 Fun pinball video game based on the Williams pinball machine Power Blade Taito/Nastume, 1991 Side scrolling shooter/fighter Pro Wrestling Nintendo, 1987 A very basic pro wrestling themed game Rad Racer Nintendo, 1987 Street racing game that seems to have been somewhat inspired by Sega’s Outrun. The home version of the game came with 3-D glasses Rad Racer II Square, 1990 Sequel to the street racing game with slightly improved graphics and more aggressive enemies One of the harder to find Play Choice carts R.C. Pro-Am Nintendo, 1988 A very fun overhead perspective RC car racer Rockin' Kats Atlus, 1991 Platformer with cats who rock Rush'n Attack Konami, 1987 Early side scrolling fighter based on the arcade game of the same name Rygar Tecmo, 1987 Based on the arcade game but differs greatly in play dynamics Solar Jetman: Hunt for the Golden Warpship Tradewest/Rare, 1990 Scrolling shooter with a heck of a title

443 Super C Konami, 1990 Sequel to the side scrolling shooter/fighter Contra The arcade game in which it is based on is titled Super Contra, the name change was made over complaints from parents over the word “Contra” Super Mario Bros. Nintendo, 1986 The original classic platformer which differs slightly from the Vs. Unisystem release Super Mario Bros. 2 Nintendo, 1988 The US version of the game, which is of course the platforming sequel to the original Super Mario Bros. 3 Nintendo, 1990 3rd and last 8-bit release of the series of famous plumber-based platformers Tecmo Bowl Tecmo, 1989 American rules football game based on the arcade game of the same name Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Konami, 1989 Side scrolling platformer based on the popular comic book characters Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles II: The Arcade Game Konami, 1990 Translation of the Konami arcade game of the same name Tennis Nintendo, 1986 Generic tennis game also made for Vs. Unisystem Track & Field Konami, 1987 Multi-sport Olympics themed sports game based on the Konami arcade game of the same name Trojan Capcom, 1987 Side scrolling fighter based on the arcade game of the same name Volleyball Nintendo, 1987 A basic sports volleyball video game Wild Gunman Nintendo, 1986 Light gun target shooting game Yo! Noid Capcom, 1990 Platformer game based around the character from a series of advertisements for Domino’s Pizza

444 Appendix H Nintendo Vs Unisystem titles Nintendo’s Vs. Unisystem is somewhat of a kissing cousin to both the NES (Nintendo Entertainment System) home video game system, and to the NES based Play Choice arcade system. Although some of the hardware is very similar these systems are in no way compatible with each other. Many Unisystem games were released as home NES games but not all the same titles share a Play Choice released version. The system was sold as either a pair of unique two upright connected cabinets, two-sided cocktail cabinet, or single monitor conversion kit. One Unisystem main PCB can control both sides of a two-sided cabinet or cocktail. On the PCB there are two separate sections for two sets of game ROM chips and processors. Some games uses both sides of the PCB slots for one title, allowing cross play of up to four players across both monitor screens. Other setups allow for each side to have a different game, or for single monitor cabinets just to have a single game installed. Nintendo offered the Unisystem as an inexpensive modular gaming solution for arcade game operators, and it was very successful in the marketplace. Much of the marketing of the system focused on converting older Nintendo titles (Donkey Kong, Popeye, etc.) into newer Unisystem titles with the promise of better profitability from newer game titles. Game kits were sold in unique hard plastic cases containing new game ROM chips, a special PPU chip that A Nintendo Game Kit for the Vs. Unisystem