4 V O C A B U L A R Y relationships 5 PR O N U N CIATIO N
the letter s
a Explain the difference between these pairs o f phrases.
1 to meet somebody and to know somebody a 3 21))) Listen to the words in the list.
2 a colleague and a friend How is the s (or se) pronounced? W rite them
3 to argue with somebody and to discuss something in the correct columns.
with somebody busy close (adj) close (verb) conversation decision
discuss eyes friends lose music pleasure
b > • p.158 Vocabulary Bank Relationships. promise raise school somebody sport sugar
summer sure unusual used to usually various
c Think o f one o f your close friends. In pairs, ask and
answer the questions. b 3 22))) Listen and check.
c Answer with a partner.
How long have you known him / her?
Where did you meet? 1 How is s usually pronounced at the beginning o f a
Why do you ge t along well? word? What are the two exceptions?
What do you have in common?
Do you ever argue? What about? 2 What two ways can s (or es) be pronounced at the end
How often do you see each other? o f a word?
How do you keep in touch?
Have you ever lost touch? Why? When? 3 How is s pronounced in -sion?
Do you think you’ll stay friends?
6 LISTENING 7 SPEA K IN G
a Talk to a partner. Do you think the following are T (true) or Read sentences A - F below. Check ( / ) the
F (false)? ones you agree with and put an / next to the
ones you don’t agree with. Think about your
1 22-year-olds have an average o f 1,000 friends. reasons.
2 Men have more online friends than women.
3 People who spend a lot o f time on Facebook become more A □ You can only have tw o or th re e
close friends.
dissatisfied with their own lives.
B L d Nowadays people are in to u ch
3 23))) Listen to the introduction to a radio program. w ith more people but have fewer
According to research, are 1-3 in a true or false? close friends.
c 3 24))) Listen to four people who call the program, Young, C □ Men keep th e ir friends longer
Beth, Emma, and Ned. W ho is the most positive about Facebook? than women.
W ho is the most negative?
D P ] You should never criticize your
d Listen again. Answer with Young, Beth, Em m a, or Ned. friend's partner.
Which caller...? E r U You should never lend money to a
1 L J does not want to share personal information with strangers friend (or borrow money).
2 LH has fewer Facebook friends than he / she used to have
3 L J has over a thousand friends f D It's impossible to stay good friends
4 Q J uses it to keep in touch with friends who don’t live close by w ith an ex-partner.
5 L J thinks people use Facebook to give themselves more
b In groups, compare opinions. Try to give
importance real examples from your own experience or
6 [__j used to use Facebook more than he / she does now' o f people you know. Use the phrases below
7 Q uses Facebook instead o f calling to help you.
8 [__I does not use social networking sites
P Giving examples
e Do you use Facebook or any other social networking sites? Do For example, I have a friend who I’ve known
you agree with anything the speakers said? since I was five years old...
For instance, I once lent some money to a
cousin...
Online Practice 5B 51
Practical English Old friends
■ < JE N N Y HA S COFFEE W ITH A 2 ■ < PER M ISSIO N A N D REQ UESTS
F R IE N D
a 3 26))) Watch or listen. W hat two favors does Rob
a 3 25))) Watch or listen to Jenny and Monica. W hat’s ask Jenny?
Monica’s news?
b Watch or listen again. Mark the sentences T (true) or
F (false). Correct the F sentences.
1 Rob orders a cappuccino.
2 Rob says Monica looks different from her photos.
3 Monica gets a good impression o f Rob.
4 Monica leaves because she has to go to work.
5 Jenny says that most o f their friends are in serious
relationships.
6 Paul is going to stay for two weeks.
7 Paul used to be very quiet when they were younger.
8 jenny is excited to meet Paul.
b W atch or listen again and answer the questions.
1 Who's Scott?
2 When did they get engaged?
3 Who has Monica told the news to?
4 What did she use to do a lot at night? What does she
do now?
5 Who’s going to organize the wedding?
6 What does jenny tell Monica about her relationship
with Rob?
7 What does Monica think about Rob being British?
52
c 3 27))) Look at some extracts from the 3 PAUL A R R IVES
conversation. Can you remember any o f the VIDEO
missing words? Watch or listen and check.
Asking permission a 3 29))) Watch or listen. How do Rob and Jenny feel about
Paul’s arrival?
1 Rob Do you________ if Ijoin you?
Monica O f________ not. Come on, sit b Watch or listen again and (circle) the right answer.
down.
1 Paul’s appearance has changed a lot / hasn’t changed much.
2 Rob Is i t ________ if we change our 2 His flight was on time / late.
plans a bit this week? 3 On the trip from the airport Paul talked a lot about him self/ asked
Jenny Uh...sure. Jenny a lot o f personal questions.
4 Rob suggests eating in / eating out.
Requests: asking someone to do something 5 Paul feels exhausted /fu ll o f energy.
6 Jennyfeels like / doesn’tfe e l like going out.
1 Rob ________ you pass the sugar?
Jenny ________ . c Look at the S o cial En glish ph rases. Can you remember any o f
the missing words?
2 Rob Could you do me a big________ ?
I have to work late this evening, Social English phrases
so... would you mind________ him
at the airport? Paul Hey !
Jenny ________ at all. I'd like to meet him. Paul It’s to see you. mate.
3 Rob And do you think you________ Rob How you're so late?
take him to my flat? I'll give you
the keys. Paul No , man!
Jenny N o________ , Rob.
d Look at the highlighted phrases and answer
the questions.
1 How do you respond to Doyou mind if...?
and Wouldyou mind...? when you mean OK,
no problem?
2 Which two forms o f request should you rise
if you want to be very polite or are asking a
very big favor?
e 3 28)}) Watch or listen and repeat the
highlighted phrases. Copy the rhythm
and intonation.
f Practice the dialogues in c with a partner.
g mm > - Communication Could you d o m e a
favor? p.105.
Jenny Rob, 1think I’ll go home if you don’t
Rob Just like the old !
Paul Rob. we’ve got a lot to talk !
d 3 30))) Watch or listen and complete the phrases.
e Watch or listen again and repeat the phrases. How do you say
them in your language?
Can you...?
use different expressions to ask permission to
do something and respond
use different expressions to ask another person
to do something and respond
greet someone you haven't seen for a long time
Online Practice 53
Communication
P E I H O W A W F U L i H O W F A N T A S T IC ! Student A 2B ARE YOU HUNGRY?
a Read your sentences 1 -9 to B . B must react with a phrase, e.g., Student A
You’re kidding, Oh, no!, etc.
1 I collect funny salt-and-pepper shakers. a Ask B your questions. He /She responds
2 I spilled some coffee on my laptop last night, and now it with the phrase in parentheses.
doesn't work.
3 I'm going to New York City next weekend. 1 Is the water cold? (Yes, it’s freezing.)
4 Someone stole my bike yesterday. 2 Was the movie good? (Yes, it was fantastic.)
5 My dog can open the kitchen door by itself. 3 Were you tired after the exam? (Yes, I was
6 My father's going to be interviewed on TV tomorrow.
7 My grandmother just bought a sports car. exhausted.)
8 My parents met when they were only 15. 4 Was the room dirty? (Yes, it was filthy.)
9 I just won $ 2 ,0 0 0 in the lottery! 5 Is it a big house? (Yes, it's enormous.)
6 Were you surprised? (Yes, I was amazed.)
b Listen to B ’s sentences and react with a phrase. 7 Are you sure? (Yes, I’m positive.)
c Tell B some real (or invented) news about you for B to react. b Respond to B ’s questions. Say Yes, it’s ... /
React to B ’s news. I ’m ..., etc. + the strong form o f the adjective
that B used in the question. Remember to
5 A O T H E R S P O R T S S U P E R S T IT IO N S Student A stress the strong adjective.
a Read about Sydney Crosby and Kolo Toure. Are you afraid o f flying? Yes, I’m terrified.
SIDNEY CROSB' never calls his mother c Repeat the exercise. Try to respond as
quickly as possible.
on a game day, even if it’s her birthday. He
believes that he gets injured on the days he 3 A I’M A T O U R IS T - C A N YO U
calls his mother before a game.
H E L P M E ? Student A
When COLO TOUR1 played for Arsenal,
a Think o f the town / city where you are,
he always insisted on being the last player to or the nearest big town. You are a foreign
leave the dressing room after the half-time tourist, and you are planning to get
break. This was never usually a problem. around using public transportation. Ask B
However, in one game when William Gallas, questions 1-5. Get as much information
his teammate, was injured and needed from B as you can.
treatment at half-time during a match,
Toure stayed in the dressing room until 1 What kind of public transportation is there?
Gallas had been treated. This meant that 2 What’s the best way for me to get around
Arsenal had to start the second half with
only nine players. the city?
3 Can I rent a bike? Are there any bicycle lanes?
b Now cover the text and tell B about their superstitions from 4 Is it easy to find taxis? How expensive
memory.
are they?
c Listen to B telling you about Jason Terry and Alexander W urz’s 5 What’s the best way to get to the airport
superstitions.
from the center of town? How long does
d Together decide which superstition you think is a) the strangest it take?
b) the most impractical.
b Switch roles. B is a foreign tourist in the
104 town who has rented a car. You live in the
town. Answer B ’s questions and give as
much information as you can.
4 A G U E S S T H E S E N T E N C E Student A 4 B T H E BIG D A Y Students A+B
a Look at sentences 1 -6 and think o f the correct form o f Read a newspaper article about what happened at Heidi
b e able to + a verb. D on ’t w rite an y th in g yet! and Freddie’s wedding. Do you think they behaved well or
badly? Why?
1 I’m sorry I won’t _____________________ to your
party next weekend. News online
2 It was August, but w e_____________________ a hotel Two sides to every story
without any problems. What happened next...
3 I used t o ___________ a little Japanese, but I can't now. By NEWS ONLINE Reporter
4 I love__________________ in bed late on the weekend.
5 W ill you________________the work before Saturday? Y esterday Heidi Withers married Freddie Bourne
6 I’ve never_______________________________fish well. in a $40,000 ceremony at St. Mary the Virgin
Church. It was followed by a reception at a
b Read your sentence 1 to B. If it isn't right, try again 900-year-old castle. However, there was no sign of
until B tells you, “T h at’s right.” Then write it. Carolyn, Freddie's stepmother, the woman who was
Continue with 2 -6 . ridiculed for the email she sent Heidi. She and her
husband Edward, Freddie’s father, were not invited.
c Now listen to B say sentence 7. I f it's the same as your
sentence 7 below, say “T h at’s right.” I f not, say “Try
again” until B gets it right. Continue with 8 -1 2 .
7 It must be great to be able to speak a lot oflanguages.
8 Iwon't be able to see you tonight. I'm too busy.
9 My grandmother can’t walk very well, but luckily we
were able to park just outside the restaurant.
10 They haven’t been able to find an apartment yet.
They're still looking.
11 You should be able to do this exercise. It’s very easy.
12 We really enjoy being able to eat outside in the summer.
PE3 COULD YOU DO ME A FAVOR? Heidi arrived almost 25 minutes late for the ceremony,
which was due to begin at 2:45 p.m. Perhaps, as
Students A+B Carolyn suggested was her habit, she had been in bed
until the last possible minute. She arrived at the church
a Look at the verb phrases below. Choose two things you with security guards holding umbrellas to prevent
would like somebody to do for you. Think about any onlookers from seeing her, and with her head covered.
details, e.g., what kind o f dog it is, how much money This is a well-known tactic for celebrities, but for a
you need, etc. 29-year-old secretary it seemed, in the words of one
onlooker, “a bit ridiculous.”
• take care o f (your children, your dog for the weekend,
your apartment while you're away, etc.) Edward and Carolyn admitted to being disappointed at
not receiving an invitation. They spent the weekend on
• lend you (some money, their car, etc.) vacation with friends. They have had no contact with
• give you a ride (home, to the mall, etc.) the couple since the saga began, and did not even
• help you (with a problem, with your homework, to know the date of the wedding.
paint your apartment, to choose some new clothes, etc.) Communication 105
b Ask as many other students as possible. Be polite
(C ouldyou do me a bigfavor? Wouldyou mind. ..? Do
y o u thinkyou cou ld ...?) and explain why you want the
favor. How many people agree to help you?
Communication
5 A O THER SPO RTS SU PER STITIO N S I B P E R S O N A L IT Y Students A+B
Student B Read the explanation and compare with a partner. Do you
agree with your results?
a Read about Jason Terry and Alexander Wurz.
The activity you have just done is a personality test. The first
adjective you wrote down is how you see yourself, the second
is how other people see you, and the third is what you are
really like.
JASON TERRY, an American basketball player, 2 A S P E N D E R O R S A V E R ? Students A+B
wears the colors of his team's opponents the night Check your results. Then compare with a partner. Do you
before a game. If the team he’s playing the next day agree with your results?
wears black and white, then Terry wears black and
white to bed the night before. He’s been doing this Mostly a answers
since his playing days in college. You can't be trusted with your own money! You definitely need
someone to help you to manage your finances better. Why not
ALEXANDER WURZ. an Austrian racing driver, speak to an organized friend about how to plan? This will help
you to make your money go further and stop you from getting
used to race with odd-colored shoes, the left one red into debt.
and the right one blue. It came about when he lost
a shoe before a big race and had to borrow one of a M ostly b answers
different color. After winning the race, he decided it Although you understand how to manage your money,
was a lucky omen. sometimes you need to be a little more organized. Try setting
yourself a weekly or monthly budget, and then stick to it. You
will then know how much money you have, what you spend it
on, and how much you can save.
Mostly c answers
Congratulations! It sounds like you really know what you are
doing when it comes to managing your money. You know
how important it is to keep track of your spending and are
responsible with your money.
b Now listen to A telling you about Sydney Crosby
and Kolo Toure’s superstitions.
c Cover the text and tell B about Jason Terry and
Alexander W urz’s superstitions from memory.
d Together decide which superstition you think is
a) the strangest b) the most impractical.
108
P E I HOW AWFUL! HOW 3 A I’M A T O U R IS T - C A N Y O U HELP M E?
F A N T A S T IC ! Student B Student B
a Listen to A’s sentences and react with a a Think o f the town / city where you are, or the nearest big town.
phrase, e.g., You’re kidding, Oh, no!, etc. A is a foreign tourist who is planning to get around using public
transportation. You live in the town. Answer A’s questions and
b Read your sentences 1 -9 for A to react. give as much information as you can.
1 I failed my driving test yesterday.
2 I lost my wallet on the way to class. Switch roles. You are a foreign tourist in the town. You have
3 I met George Clooney at a party last week. rented a car. Ask A questions 1 -5 . Get as much information from
4 I think I saw a ghost last night. A as you can.
5 I won a salsa competition last weekend.
6 I'm going to be on a new edition of 1 What time is rush hour in this town?
Big Brother. 2 Where are there usually traffic jams?
7 My dog died yesterday. 3 What’s the speed limit in the town? Are there speed cameras
8 My grandfather has a black belt in karate.
9 My uncle is 104. anywhere?
4 What will happen if I park somewhere illegal?
c Tell A some real (or invented) news about 5 Where’s the nearest tourist attraction outside the city? How long
you for A to react. R eact to A’s news.
does it take to drive there from here?
2 B A R E Y O U H U N G R Y ? Student B
4A GUESS THE SENTENCE
a Respond to A's questions. Say Yes, it’s ... /
I ’m ..., etc. + the strong form o f the adjective Student B
that A used in the question. Remember to
stress the strong adjective. a Look at sentences 7 -1 2 and think of the correct form of
be able to + a base form verb. D o n ’t w rite an yth in g yet!
Is the water cole1?^) (^Yes, it’s freezing.
7 It must be great to _________________ a lot o f languages.
b Ask A your questions. He / She responds 8 I won't_________________ you tonight. I'm too busy.
with the phrase in parentheses. 9 My grandmother can't walk very well, but luckily we
1 Are you afraid of flying? (Yes, I’m terrified.) just outside the restaurant.
10 They haven't_________________ an apartment yet. They’r
2 Is the soup hot? (Yes, it’s boiling.)
looking.
3 Was the teacher angry? (Yes, he / she was 11 You should_________________ this exercise. It’s very easy
furious.) 12 We really enjoy_________________ outside in the summei
4 Is the bedroom small? (Yes, it’s tiny.) b Now listen to A say sentence 1. I f it’s the same as your sentence
5 Are the children hungry? (Yes, they’re 1 below, say “T h at’s right.” I f not, say “Try again” until A gets it
right. Continue with 2 -6 .
starving.) 1 I’m sorry I won’t be able to com e to your party next weekend.
2 It was August, but we were able to find a hotel without any
6 Is the chocolate cake good? (Yes, it’s problems.
3 I used to be able to understand a little Japanese, but I can’t now.
delicious.) 4 1love being able to stay in bed late on the weekend.
7 Was she happy with the present? (Yes, she 5 Will you be able to finish the work before Saturday?
6 I’ve never been able to cook fish well.
was excited.)
c Read your sentence 7 to A. If it isn't right, try again until A tells
c Repeat the exercise. Try to respond as you, “T h at’s right.” Then write it. Continue with 8 -1 2 .
quickly as possible.
Communication 109
Writing
1 A D ESCR IPTIO N OF A PERSON b The computer has found fiyejjjjeJfilig,
J33j^taisA§. it1 Sofia’s email. Can you
a Read the two Facebook messages once and answer the questions. correct them?
1 Why has Angela written to Sofia?
2 Does Sofia recommend her friend to Angela? c Read both emails again. Then cover them
and answer the questions from memory.
& Messages
1 What five EEadjectives describe Marisol’s
Angela Vernon personality?
Hi Sofia,
I hope you're well. 2 What does she like doing in her free time?
I'm looking for an au pair to look after Austin and Melissa, 3 What negative things does Sofia say about
and I remembered your Peruvian friend Marisol, who I met
last summer. She said she might be interested in working Marisol?
in the US as an au pair, so I thought I would write and ask 4 Does Sofia think Marisol will get along
her. The thing is, I don't really know her, so before I write
and suggest it, could you tell me a little about her (age, with Angela’s family?
personality, etc., and what she likes doing) so that I can see
if she would fit in with the family? Please be honest! d Look at the highlighted expressions we use
Angela to modify adjectives. Put them in the correct
place in the chart.
Marisol is very. forgetful.
Sofia Lugo P Useful language: describing a person
He’s really/ very, etc. + positive adjective
Hi Angela, (e.g., friendly, outgoing, etc.)
She's a little + negative adjective (e.g., messy,
Marisol is one of my best friends, so of course I know her very shy, etc.)
well. She's 22, and she just graduated from college with a He likes/ loves/ doesn't mind + verb + -ing
degree in economics, but she doesn't have a job yet, and I'm
sure she would be jQt£jr££t£d in going to the US. Her parents She's happy to + base form
are both doctors, and she has two younger brothers. She gets He’s good j with children
along very well with them, and they are a very close family.
a t making new friends
Marisol's an intelligent girl and very hardworking. She can
be really shy at first, but when she gets to know you she's e Imagine you received Angela’s message asking
incredibly friendly. She loves children - she often takes care about a friend o f yours. W rite an email to
of her brothers - so she has a lot of experience, and she's answer it. Plan what you’re going to write
also very l^spf)rj$ahje. using the paragraph headings below. Use
the Useful language box and V ocabulary
In her free time she likes going to the movies, listening to B an k Personality p. 153 to help you.
music, and she's also very good a tfo io g j^g hy-sh e always
has her camera with her. She's really jcicl^p^ru^Qt and happy Paragraph 1 age, family, work / study
to do things on her own, so you won't have to worry about Paragraph 2 personality (good side)
taking her to places. Paragraph 3 hobbies and interests
Paragraph 4 any negative things?
The only problem with Marisol is that she's a little fQrggtfulL
she sometimes loses things, like her keys, or her phone. f C heck your email for mistakes (grammar,
Also, to be honest her English isn't great, but I'm sure she'll vocabulary, punctuation, and spelling).
improve very quickly. I think Austin and Melissa will love her.
< p .U
I hope this helps! Let me know if you need anything else.
Love,
Sofia
2 A N IN FO R M A L EM AIL From: Marisol [[email protected]]
To: Angela [[email protected]]
a Marisol went to the US and stayed for six months Subject: Thanks
with a couple, Angela and M att, working as an
au pair. After going back to Peru, she sent them Hi Angela,
an email. Look at the list o f things she says in her
email. Number them in a logical order 1-6. I'm really sorry for not writing sooner, but L^m very busy since I
got back!
] She promises to send some photos.
] She thanks them for her stay and says how Thanks for a wonderful six months. I loved being in Colorado, and
I had a great time. I also think my english got a little better... dQrit
much she enjoyed it. you think?
I I She talks about what she’s been doing recently.
It was so nice to take care of Austin and Melissa. I thought they
] She apologizes for not writing before. were adorable, and I think we had a fantastic time together. I have
I I She thanks them again and invites them to stay. really good memories - for example our travel to Denver and the
amusement park there!
] She talks about the nice things that happened
when she was with them. I've been a little stressed these last few weeks, because I've
started working at a restaurant, while I look for a full-time job.
b Now read M arisol’s email and check your
answers to a. a waitress is very hard work, but I can now afford to rent an
apartment with Sofia and two other friends, and I'm saving fQ i
c C orrect eight mistakes in the email (gl^JQtpEtr, iQ jjtly a car! I’ve also spent a lot of time with my family - my
p ^jiaji^tio n , and Sfleilitig.) brothers have changed so much over the past six months!
O Useful language: informal emails I've had several jugagg^s from Austin and Melissa since I've
been back! Please tell them from me that I miss them and that
Beginnings LgttQd them some photos very soon.
Hi + name (or Dear + name if you want to be a little
more formal) That's all for now. Thanks again for everything. And I hope you
Sorry for not writing sooner, but... know you're welcome in Lima any time - my family would love to
Thank you / Thanks [so much) for (your letter, meet you. Summer here is usually beautiful.
having me to stay etc.)...
It was great to hear from you... Hope to hear from you soon. Give my regards to Matt!
Endings Best wishes,
That’s all for now.
Hope to hear from you soon. / Looking forward to Marisol
hearing from you soon.
P.S. I've attached a photo I took of me with the kids. I hope you
0Give my) regards / love to... like it!
Best wishes / Love (from)
P.S. (when you want to add a short message at the
end of an email) I’ve attached a photo...
d Imagine you have some American friends in the
U S, and you stayed with them for a week last
month. W r ite an email to say thank you. Plan
what you're going to say. Use 1 - 6 in a and the
U sefu l language box to help you.
e C heck your email for mistakes (grammar,
vocabulary, punctuation, and spelling).
< p .2 1
Writing 114
Writing
3 A N ARTICLE FOR A M A G A ZIN E Transportation
in New York City
a Look at the four forms o f public transportation in New
York City. W hich one do you think is probably...? The Subway This is the quickest way to g e t1around
• the least expensive the city, and there are many subway stations a ll over New
• the healthiest York City. The cheapest way to use the subway is to get a
• the best if you want to see the sights o f New York City M etroCard. This is Like a phone card. You p u t m oney on
• the safest to use at night it, and you can add m ore when you need to. Then you use
subway double-decker bus j it every tim e you g e t2________ the subway. You can buy
bike taxi M etroCards at subway stations, newsstands, and even
from your employer.
b Read an article from an online magazine for foreign
students about public transportation in New York Buses They can be quicker than th e subway if there
City and check your answers to a. Then answer these
questions from memory. isn't to o much traffic. The easiest way to use th e buses,
Like the subway, is to ju s t use your MetroCard. You can
1 What can you use a MetroCard for?
2 What kind o f money do you have to use if you want to buy a single-ride ticke t fro m machines 3________ some,
pay cash to ride a New York City bus? b u t n o t a ll bus stops. You can also pay cash (but
3 W hat’s the difference between a taxi and car service?
no pennies and no paper money) when you g e t4________
c Read the article again and fill in the blanks with a th e bus. Traveling 5________ a private double-decker
preposition from the list.
bus is also a good way to see New York City.
around at in next to on (x2) on the top of with
Bikes Bikes are starting to become m ore popular in
O Useful language: transportation in your town New York City, especially 6________ to u rists and people
You can buy MetroCards at many places in New York City. who want to tra ve l to parts o f the city. Like th e w ate rfro nt
You need a ticket or card before you get on the subway. areas, where subways d o n 't usually go. One o f the
(You = people in general) newest bike-share programs is called C iti Bike. When you
Comparatives and superlatives: rent a bike fro m C iti Bike, you get a key th a t Looks Like a
Buses aren’t as quick as trains. flash drive. You can use the key at any C iti Bike kiosk and
Riding a bike is the cheapest way to get around. get a bike to ride fo r th e day.
d W rite an article about transportation in your nearest Taxis and Car Service New York C ity's ye llow
town or city for foreign students. P lan what headings
you're going to use and what to say about each form o f taxis are expensive, b u t they are com fortable, and the
transportation. taxi drivers know shortcuts through the city to get you
to places quickly. You usually t e ll the driver where you
e C h eck your article for mistakes (grammar,
vocabulary, punctuation, and spelling). w ant to go when you g e t7________ th e taxi. Car service
< p .2 7 is made up o f norm al cars th a t work fo r a company, and
you have to c a ll them ahead o f tim e to pick you up. They
are m ore expensive than taxis. Taxis and car service are
probably the safest way to tra ve l Late8________ night.
4 TELLING A STO R Y DISASTROUS TRIPS!
a A magazine asked its readers to send in We asked you to te ll us ab o u t a tim e you g o t lost.
stories o f a time they got lost. Read the story
once. W hy did Bethany and her husband get Bethany fro m th e US w ro te to us...
lost? W hat else went wrong?
FRANCE
b Read the story again and complete it with a
connecting word or phrase from the list. ANDORRA
although as soon as because but ' XGAL_IC_IA Lerida
instead of so then when
Madrid larragona
P Useful language: getting lost
We were going in the wrong direction. BALEARIC
We took the wrong exit / turn. ISLANDS
We turned right instead o f left.
We didn't know where we were.
We had to turn around and go back in the
opposite direction.
Alicante,
c W r ite about a trip where you got lost 200 miles
(or invent one) to send to the magazine.
P la n what you’re going to write using the This happened a few years ago. My husband and I had rented a
paragraph headings below. Use the U se fu l house in Galicia fo r a summer vacation. We were going to firs t
lan g u ag e to help you. drive to Tarragona, to stay fo r a few days with some friends,
and 1then drive from Tarragona to Galicia.
Paragraph 1 When was the journey? Where
were you going? Who with? The first part of the trip was fine. We were using our new GPS for the
Paragraph 2 Why? first time, and it took us right to the door of our friends' house. Three
Paragraph 3 days later,2________ we continued our trip, we put in the name of the
How did you get lost? What small town in Galicia, Nigran, which was our final destination. We started
happened? off, obediently following the instructions, but after a while we realized
th a t3________ driving west toward Lerida, we were going north. In
What happened in the end? fact, soon we were very close to Andorra. I was sure we were going in
the wrong direction,4________ my husband wanted to do what the
d C h eck your story for mistakes (grammar, GPS was telling us - it was his new toy! It was only when we started
vocabulary, punctuation, and spelling). seeing mountains that even he admitted this couldn't be the right way.
5________ we stopped, got out an old map, and then turned around!
< p .47 We had wasted almost two hours going in the wrong direction!
It was an awful trip 6________ as well as getting lost, when we were
almost at our destination we had another problem. We stopped fo r a
coffee, b u t7________ we got back onto the road, we realized that we
had left our dog under the table in the cafe! For the second time that
day we had to turn around and go back. Luckily, the dog was still there!
However,8________ the beginning of our trip was a disaster, we had a
wonderful vacation!
Writing 116
Listening
ı 6») S te v e M aybe d esserts. You have to be very very In te r v ie w e r S o tell us m ore abou t th is, D anielle.
p r e c i s e w h e n y o u 'r e m a k i n g d e s s e r t s . A n d t h a t ’s W h a t ab ou t th e oldest ch ild ren in a fam ily, the
A I usu ally have m eat o r seafo o d . U su ally sh rim p not the w ay I am . firs t-b o rn ?
o r som eth in g as an ap p etizer and th en m aybe
lam b fo r the m ain cou rse. 1 8») D a n ie lle W ell first-b o rn ch ild ren o ften have to
take care o f th eir you nger b ro th ers and sisters, so
B I o ften have ready-m ade vegetable soups th at you P art 2 t h e y ’r e u s u a lly s e n s i b l e a n d r e s p o n s ib l e a s a d u lts .
ju s t h a v e t o h e a t u p - in f a c t , t h e y ’r e t h e o n ly I n t e r v i e w e r W h a t ’s t h e b e s t t h i n g a b o u t r u n n i n g T h ey also tend to b e am b itiou s, and they m ake
vegetables I ever eat! A nd I usu ally have a couple g ood lead ers. M any U S P resid ents and B ritish
o f frozen p izzas in th e fre e z e r fo r em ergen cies. a restaurant? P rim e M in isters, includ ing fo r exam ple A braham
I d o n ’t r e a lly o r d e r t a k e - o u t w h e n I ’m o n m y S te v e I th in k th e b e st th in g is m a k in g peop le L in coln w ere old est child ren .
o w n , b u t i f I ’m w it h f r ie n d s in t h e e v e n in g , w e O n th e negative side, o ld est ch ild ren can be in secu re
so m etim es ord er C h in ese food for dinner. h a p p y . T h a t ’s w h y e v e n a f t e r a ll t h i s t i m e I s t ill and an xiou s. T h is is becau se w hen th e secon d child
en jo y it so m u ch . w as b o rn , lie o r she lost som e o f h is o r h er parents’
C E ggs and soda. I have eggs fo r b reak fast at least In te r v ie w e r A nd th e w orst th in g? atten tio n and m aybe he o r sh e felt rejected .
tw ice a w eek, and I d rin k a couple o f can s o f soda S t e v e T h a t ’s e a s y , it h a s t o b e t h e lo n g h o u r s . T h i s
every day. w e e k f o r e x a m p le . I ’m c o o k i n g n e a r ly e v e ry day. I n t e r v i e w e r T h a t ’s v e r y i n t e r e s t i n g . W h a t a b o u t
W e usually close on Sund ays and M ondays, but th e m iddle child?
D I f l ’m fe e lin g d o w n , c h ic k e n so u p , w ith n ic e b ig th is M on d ay is a p u blic h olid ay, w h en lots o f
p i e c e s o f c h i c k e n in it. I t ’s w a r m a n d c o m f o r t i n g . p e o p le w a n t t o e a t o u t , s o w e ’r e o p e n . D a n ie lle M id d le ch ild ren are usu ally m ore relaxed
U h , I usually have a ban an a b efore goin g to th e gym . In te r v ie w e r S e u X ere a is in all th e B ritish t h a n o l d e s t c h i l d r e n . T h a t ’s p r o b a b ly b e c a u s e
I f I k n o w I’m g o in g to h a v e a re a lly lo n g m e e tin g , restau ran t gu ides now . D o es th at m ean you get a the p aren ts are m ore relaxed th em selv es by the
I usually have a coffee and a cu p cake because I th in k lot o f British custom ers? tim e th e secon d ch ild arrives. T h e y ’re usually
it w ill keep m e aw ake and give m e energy. S t e v e Y es, w e get a lot o f B ritish peop le, esp ecially very so cia b le - the kind o f p eop le w h o get alon g
at th e w eekend s, bu t th en w e get p eop le from w ith e v e ry b o d y , a n d th e y ’re a ls o u su a lly s e n s itiv e
E Fru it - ch erries, straw berries, rasp berries, and oth er co u n tries, too. to w h at o th e r peop le n eed . N ow , th is is becau se
apples. V egetables - pep pers, to m a to es, and In te r v ie w e r A nd are th e B ritish cu sto m ers and the they grew' up b etw een older and yo u n g er b ro th ers
c u cu m b e rs. T h e o n ly th in g 1 really d o n 't like is Sp an ish custom ers very different? and sisters. F o r the sam e reason they are often
z u c c h i n i . I c a n ’t e v e n s t a n d t h e s m e ll o f it. S t e v e Y es, I th in k th ey a re. T h e B ritish alw ays say go od at s o rtin g ou t arg u m en ts, an d th ey 're alw ays
th a t e v e ry th in g is lovely, ev en i f th e y ’ve o n ly ea ten sy m p a th e tic to th e o n e s o n th e lo sin g sid e, o r in
1 7») h a lfo fit. T h e Sp anish, on th e other hand, are gen eral to p eop le w ho are h aving p ro b lem s. O n
absolutely h onest about everything. T h e y tellyou th e o th er hand, m iddle ch ild ren can som etim es be
P art 1 w h a t th e y lik e ; th e y te ll y o u w h a t th e y d o n ’t lik e . I u n am b itio u s, and they can lack d irectio n in life.
In te r v ie w e r W h at w as you r favorite food w hen rem em ber w hen 1first opened, I had sushi on the
m enu, w hich w as very unusual at th a t tim e, and 1 In te r v ie w e r A nd youngest child ren ?
you w ere a child? w ent in to th e d in in g room , and I said to people, “S o D a n ie lle I w as very interested in th is p art o f
S te v e W ell, 1alw ays liked u n usual th in g s, at least w hat do you th in k o f the sush?” A nd th e custom ers,
w h o w ere all S p an ish , said “O h , it w as aw fu l! It w as t h e b o o k b e c a u s e I ’m a y o u n g e s t c h i l d m y s e lf.
th in g s th a t m ost E n glish ch ild ren at th e tim e raw fish !” A ctually, I th in k 1prefer th at honesty, It seem s th a t you n g est ch ild ren are o ften very
d id n ’t lik e . F o r in s t a n c e , w h e n I w a s s i x o r s e v e n b ecau se it h elps u s to know w h at people like. o u tgoin g and ch arm in g . T h is is th e w ay they try
m y favorite th in g s w ere sn ails, oh and praw ns In te r v ie w e r W h at kind o f cu sto m ers do you fin d to get th e atten tion o f b o th th eir p arents and th eir
w ith garlic. d ifficu lt? older b roth ers and sisters.
In te r v ie w e r F u n n y th in gs for a six-year-old S te v e I th in k cu stom ers w ho w ant m e to cook T h e y a re o fte n m o re re b e llio u s , an d th is is
E n g lish boy to like! s o m e t h i n g in a w a y t h a t 1 d o n ’t t h i n k is v e ry p r o b a b ly b e c a u s e i t ’s e a s i e r f o r t h e y o u n g e s t
S te v e W ell, th e th in g is m y p aren ts liked trav elin g g o o d . L e t ’s s e e , a p e r s o n w h o a s k s f o r a r e a lly child ren to break th e r u le s - by th is tim e th eir
a n d e a tin g o u t a lo t, a n d 1 fir s t tried s n a ils in w e ll- d o n e s t e a k , f o r i n s t a n c e . F o r m e t h a t ’s a p aren ts are m o re relaxed ab ou t d iscip line.
France, and th e praw ns, my first praw ns I had at a d ifficu lt cu stom er. Y ou know , say, “I w ant steak ,” O n th e n egative side, you ng est child ren can be
S p a n ish re sta u ra n t in th e to w n w h ere w e lived. so I give th em a really really w ell-d on e steak , and im m atu re and d isorgan ized , and they often
In te r v ie w e r S o you w ere in terested in Sp an ish t h e n th e y s a y “ I t ’s t o u g h .” A n d I t h i n k w e ll, o f depend to o m uch on o th er peop le. T h is is becau se
food rig h t from th e start. Is th at w hy you decided c o u r s e i t ’s to u g h . I t ’s w e ll d o n e ! W e l l - d o n e s t e a k th ey have alw ays been th e baby o fth e fam ily.
to com e to Spain? is alw ays tou gh. I n te r v ie w e r F ascin atin g . A n d fin ally , w hat about
S te v e Partly, but o f co u rse, I sup pose like a lot o f In te r v ie w e r P eople say th at th e M ed iterran ean only ch ild ren ?
B ritish p eop le I w anted to see th e su n ! T h e o th er d i e t i s v e r y h e a lth y . D o y o u t h i n k p e o p le ’s e a t in g D a n ie lle O nly child ren usually do very w ell at
th in g th a t a ttra cte d m e w hen I g o t h ere w ere all h abits in Sp ain are ch an gin g? sch o o l becau se th ey have a lo t o f c o n ta ct w ith
th e fan tastic ingred ien ts. I rem em ber goin g into S te v e W ell, i th in k they are ch an g in g - adults. T h e y get a lo t o flo v e and atten tio n from
th e m arket for th e first tim e and sayin g “W o w !” u n fo r tu n a te ly I th in k th e y ’r e g e ttin g w o rs e . th e ir p a r e n ts , s o th e y ’re ty p ic a lly s e lf-c o n fid e n t.
In te rv ie w e r W h en you opened you r restau rant, People are eatin g m ore unhealthily. T h e y ’r e a l s o in d e p e n d e n t b e c a u s e t h e y ’r e u se d to
how did you w an t it to be d ifferen t from typ ical In te rv ie w e r H ow do you n otice th at? b ein g by th em selv es. A n d b eca u se th ey sp en d a lot
Sp an ish restau rants? S te v e I see it w ith , esp ecially w ith you nger friend s. o f tim e w ith a d u lts th e y ’re u su a lly v e ry o rg a n iz e d .
S t e v e W ell, w h en 1cam e to S p ain , all the good T h e y o ft e n e a t in fa s t-fo o d r e s ta u r a n ts , th e y d o n ’t I n t e r v i e w e r I ’m a n o n ly c h ild m y s e l f a n d p e o p le
re stau ran ts w ere very fo rm al, very tra d itio n a l. In co o k ... and actu ally th e you ng er o n es co m e from a alw ays th in k th a t I m u st be sp oiled . Is th a t true,
L on d on th en , th e fash ion w as for in fo rm al places g en era tio n w h ere th e ir m o th ers d o n 't co o k eith er. accord in g to Linda Blair?
w here th e w aiters w ore je a n s, bu t th e food w as T h a t ’s w h a t’s h a p p e n in g n o w , a n d i t ’s a r e a l p ity . D a n i e l l e W e ll, it ’s t r u e th a t o n ly c h ild r e n c a n
am azing . S o I w anted a restau ran t a b it like that. som etim es be spoiled by th eir parents because
I also w anted a restau ran t w here you could try 1 27))) th e y ’re giv en e v e ry th in g th e y a sk fo r. A ls o , o n th e
m ore in tern ation al food , but m ade w ith so m e o f negative side, on ly children can be selfish , and they
th ese fan tastic local ingred ien ts. For exam ple, I n t e r v i e w e r T h i s m o r n in g w e ’r e ta lk in g a b o u t can also b e im patient, esp ecially w hen th in g s go
S p a i n ’s g o t w o n d e r fu l s e a f o o d , b u t u s u a lly h e re fam ily and fam ily life, and now D an ielle B arn es w r o n g .T h is is b e c a u s e th e y ’r e n o t u se d t o s o r t in g
i t ’s ju s t g r il l e d o r f r ie d . I s t a r t e d d o in g t h i n g s in is goin g to tell us about a b ook she has ju st read out problem s w ith oth er b roth ers and sisters.
m y re sta u ra n t lik e c o o k in g V alen cian m u ssels in
T h ai green cu rry paste. c a lle d Birth O rder b y L in d a B l a i r . S o w h a t’s th e 1 28)))
I n t e r v ie w e r W h a t do you m o st en jo y co o k in g ?
S t e v e W h a t 1m ost en jo y co o k in g , 1th in k , are book about, D anielle? J e n n y M y n a m e ’s je n n y Z i e l in s k i. A n d N e w Y o rk
th ose trad ition al d ish es w h ich use quite cheap D a n ie lle W ell, it's all ab ou t how o u r p o sitio n in th e is m y city . I live h ere and I w ork fo r a m ag azin e,
ingred ien ts, but they need very long and careful
co o k in g , and then you tu rn it in to som ethin g fam ily influ en ces the kind o f person w e are. I m ean NewYork24seven.
really sp ecial... like a really good cassero le , for w h e th e r w e ’r e f i r s t b o r n , a m id d le c h ild , a y o u n g e s t
exam ple. child , o r an only child . L inda B lair argues th at ou r R o b M y n a m e ’s R o b W a lk e r . I ’m a w r i t e r o n
I n t e r v i e w e r A n d i s t h e r e a n y t h i n g y o u d o n ’t lik e position in th e fam ily is possibly the stron g est
c o o k in g ? in flu en ce on o u r ch aracter and personality. NewYork24seven. Y ou c a n p ro b ab ly te ll fro m
122 m y a c c e n t t h a t I ’m n o t a c t u a lly f r o m N e w Y o rk .
I’m B r itis h , a n d 1 c a m e o v e r to th e S t a t e s a few
m onths ago.
Je n n y I m et R o b in L on d on w h en I w as v isitin g J e n n y R o b ’s a v e ry ta le n t e d w r i t e r , D a d . H e ’s v e ry J a n e W ell, it w as in th e su m m e r o f 2 0 0 8 , and my
th e U K on a w ork trip . H e w as w ritin g fo r the c re a tiv e . fa m ily -m y husband and 1and ou r th ree children,
decid ed to have a holid ay o f a life tim e , an d to go
L o n d o n e d itio n o f 24seven. W e g o t a lo n g w ell H a r r y T h a t ’s g r e a t , b u t b e i n g c r e a t iv e d o e s n ’t to A fric a . W e w en t to U g an d a and R w an d a, to
alw ays pay the bills. s e e th e m o u n ta in g o r illa s . It w a s s o m e th in g w e'd
righ t away. I really liked h im . alw ays w an ted to d o. A nyw ay, ab ou t h a lf way
R o b S o w hy am 1in N ew Y o rk ? B ecau se o f Jenny, J e n n y Y o u k n o w , m y d a d ’s a v e ry k e e n th rou gh th e trip , w e w ere in U ganda, and w e w ere
p h otograph er. H e to o k all o f th ese photos. trav elin g in a lo rry w hen th e lo rry b rok e dow n.
o f co u rse. W h en they gave m e the op p ortu n ity S o th e d river had to fin d a m ech an ic to com e and
to w ork h ere fo r a m o n th , I to o k it im m ed iately . H a r r y O h , R o b w o n ’t b e i n t e r e s t e d in t h o s e . h elp fix it.
It gave us the chan ce to get to know each other R o b Bu t 1am interested . I m ean , I like photography.
b etter. W h en th ey o ffered m e a p erm an en t jo b I In te r v ie w e r A nd then w hat happened?
c o u ld n ’t b e lie v e it! A nd I th in k 1re co g n iz e som e o f th ese p eo p le... Ja n e W ell, as soon as w e stopped, lots o f children
Je n n y I helped R o b fin d an ap artm en t. A nd now H a r r y T h a t ’s b e c a u s e m o s t o f th e m a r e o f Je n n y .
h ere w e are. T o g eth e r in N ew Y ork. I'm s o happy. I R o b Bu t th ere are so m e g reat ja z z m u sician s, to o . appeared and su rrou nd ed u s. I could see som e
ju s t h o p e R o b ’s h a p p y h e r e , t o o . long bu ild in gs quite near, so 1asked th e children
R o b I really loved livin g in L on d on . A lo t o f my T h a t ’s M i l e s D a v is ... a n d i s n 't t h a t J o h n C o i t r a n e ? w h a t th e y w e r e , a n d th e y s a id i n E n g l i s h “T h a t ’s
frien d s and fam ily are th ere, so o fc o u rse I still A n d t h a t ’s W y n t o n M a r s a lis . our sch o o l." A nd I w as very cu riou s to see w hat a
m i s s i t . B u t N e w Y o r k ’s a f a n t a s t i c c ity . I ’v e g o t a H a r ry You know abou t W yn ton M arsalis? U gandan sch ool w as like, so I asked th em to show
g r e a t jo b a n d J e n n y ’s h e r e , t o o . R o b K n o w a b o u t h im ? I ’v e in t e r v ie w e d h im ! it to m e.
Je n n y T h in g s are ch an g in g p retty fast in th e o ffice . H a r r y H o w in c r e d i b l e ! I lo v e t h a t g u y . H e ’s a h e ro In te r v ie w e r W h a t w as it like?
W e have a new boss, D on T aylor. A nd th in g s are o fm ine. Ja n e i w as sh o ck ed w hen I first saw it. T h e w alls
c h a n g in g in m y p erso n a l life, to o . T h is ev en in g 's R o b W e l l , h e ’s a r e a lly n ic e g u y . I s p e n t a w h o le day w ere fallin g dow n, the blackboards w ere broken,
k in d o f i m p o r t a n t . I ’m t a k i n g R o b t o m e e t m y w ith h im , ch a ttin g and w atch in g h im rehearse. a n d th e r e w e re n ’t m a n y d e s k s . B u t th e c h ild r e n
p a re n ts fo r th e very firs t tim e . 1ju s t hope it goes H a r r y R e a lly ? I w a n t to h ea r a ll ab o u t it. w ere so friend ly, and I asked th em if th ey w ould
w ell! S a lly H ave a cookie, R ob. like to learn a so n g in E n g lish . T h e y said yes, and
H a r r y G o ahead, son ! Sally m akes the b est cookies
1 29))) in N ew Y ork! I sta rte d te a c h in g th em so m e so n g s, lik e Heads,
Shoulders, Knees, an d Toes a s o n g I’v e u se d a ll o v e r
J e n n y I c a n ’t b e lie v e w e g o t h e r e s o la te . 1 40)))
R o b I’m sorry, Jenny. I had to fin ish th a t a rticle fo r the w orld to teach ch ild ren p arts o f the body.
1 I ’m a s p e n d e r , I t h i n k . 1 t r y t o s a v e , b u t s o m e t h in g A lm o st im m ed iately th e classro o m filled up w ith
D on. alw ays seem s to com e alo n g th at I need to buy, children o fa li ages, and they all w anted to learn.
J e n n y D o n ’t fo r g e t t h e c h o c o l a t e s . and I end up broke. I can get by w ith very little I w as ju st am azed by how q u ickly they learned
R ob OK. m o n e y f o r m y s e l f w h e n I n e e d t o , b u t I d o n ’t s e e m the song!
R o b Oh, no! to be good at h old in g on to it. A lso , i f m y kid s ask In t e r v ie w e r D id you m eet th e teach ers?
J e n n y I d o n ’t b e lie v e it. D o n 't te ll m e y o u fo r g o t th e m !? to b o rro w so m e m oney, I alw ays say yes. Ja n e Y es, w e did, and th e h ead m aster, to o . H e
R o b I th in k th ey’re still o n m y desk. exp lain ed th at th e sch ool w as called S t. (osep h s,
Je n n y Y o u 're kid ding. 2 I w o u ld s a y t h a t I ’m a s p e n d e r , i s p e n d m o n e y and it w as a c o m m u n ity sc h o o l fo r o rp h an s, very
R o b Y o u k n o w w h a t m y d e s k ’s lik e . p o o r ch ild ren an d refu g ees. I asked h im w hat the
J e n n y Y e a h , i t ’s a c o m p le t e m e s s . W h y d o n ’t y o u on th in g s lik e co n ce rts o r o n trip s b ecau se I like sch o o l needed. I th ought th at he m ight say “we
h aving th e exp erien ce and th e m em ories. I know need b o o k s, o r pap er,” and th en later w e could
ev er tidy it? th a t 1should spend m y m oney on tilin g s th at last, sen d th em to h im . B u t actu ally he said “W h a t we
R o b W e could go and buy som e m ore. o r sa v e f o r t h e f u t u r e , b u t 1 d o n ’t w a n t to m i s s a ll need is a new sch o o l." A nd i thought yes, o f course
Je n n y H ow can w e gel som e m o re? W e're already late! th ose good tilin g s th a t are hap p en ing right now. h e's rig h t. T h e s e ch ild ren d eserv e to have b etter
Je n n y H i, there! 3 I c o n s id e r m y s e lf a sp e n d e r. I d o n ’t h a v e m u ch co n d itio n s th an th is to learn in. S o w hen 1got
H a r r y Y ou m ad e it! m o n e y , b u t w h e n 1 d o h a v e s o m e th e r e ’s a lw a y s back h om e, m y husband an d I, and o th er peop le
J e n n y S o r r y w e ’r e l a te . S o , t h i s i s m y m o m a n d d a d , so m e th in g I need o r w an t to sp en d it o n . 1love w ho w ere w ith us on th e trip decided to set up an
com p u ters and com p uter gam es, so I buy th in gs o rg an izatio n to get m oney to build a new sch ool.
H arry and Sally. A nd th is, o fco u rse , is R ob. to m ake su re m y com p u ter is alw ays up to date.
R o b H ello. I k n o w i t ’s n o t v e ry s e n s ib le , b u t i t ’s im p o r t a n t 1 46)))
S a lly It's so n ice to m eet you at last. to m e.
H a r r y Y es, je n n y 's fin ally decided to in trod u ce 4 T h a t ’s h a r d t o say . I c a n s a v e m o n e y i f t h e r e ’s P art 2
so m e th in g I really, really w an t, b u t usu ally m y In te r v ie w e r S o A delante A frica w as bo rn . W hy
you to us. m oney d isap p ears as so o n as I g et it. I get som e
S a lly C o m e in , c o m e in! m oney from my p arents every w eek, so 1have did you d ecid e to call it th at?
J e n n y M o m , I ’m r e a lly s o r r y - w e b o u g h t y o u s o m e ju st enough m oney to g o to th e m ovies w ith m y Ja n e W ell, w e w an ted a n am e th a t gave th e idea
frien d s and to buy so m eth in g for m yself, m aybe
ch ocolates, but we left them at th e office. a b ook or a D V D o r som e m ak eu p ... I usually end o f A frica m ov in g forw ard , and m y h usban d is
S a lly W h a t a pity. N ev erm in d . up bu yin g som eth in g. But, for exam p le, i f I w ant Sp an ish , and he suggested A d elante A frica,
H a r r y Y e a h , d o n ’t w o r r y a b o u t it. W e k n o w w h a t to go on a tr ip w ith m y friend s, th en I can m ake b e c a u s e in S p a n i s h A d a la n te m e a n s “g o f o r w a r d ,”
an e ffo rt and save som e m oney fo r a few w eeks. and A d elante A frica so rt o f sound ed b etter than
a busy young w om an you are. A nd your m om has 5 S i n c e I w a s l i t t l e , I ’v e a lw a y s s a v e d a b o u t a “G o Forw ard , A frica .”
m ade w ay to o m uch food fo r th is ev en in g anyw ay. th ird o f th e m oney I get. I w ould never th in k o f I n t e r v ie w e r H ow lon g did it ta k e to raise the
S a lly O h, H arry. sp end in g all th e m oney 1have. You could say th at m oney for th e new school?
Je n n y But i also have som e good new s. I ’m c a r e f u l a b o u t m o n e y . W h e n 1 w a n t t o b u y Ja n e A m azin g ly en ou g h , n o t lon g really, on ly about
S a l l y R e a lly ? W h a t ’s th a t ? s o m e t h i n g t h a t ’s e x p e n s iv e , I d o n ’t u s e a c r e d it tw o years. T h e sch o o l opened on the 14th M arch
J e n n y W e l l ,y o u k n o w w e h a v e a n e w b o s s ? H e ’s card. I take the m oney out o f the ban k so I never 2 0 1 0 w ith 7 5 child ren . Today, it h as nearly 5 0 0
still new to th e jo b and needs su p p ort, so today he have to w orry about g ettin g in to debt. ch ild re n .
m ade m e th e m an ag in g ed ito r o f th e m agazine. 6 I ’d s a y a s a v e r , d e fin it e ly . I l ik e h a v in g s o m e I n t e r v i e w e r T h a t ’s g r e a t ! 1 u n d e r s t a n d t h a t s i n c e
S a l l y S o y o u ’v e g o t a p r o m o t io n ? H o w f a n t a s t i c ! m oney saved in case I have an em ergen cy. 1also t h e n e w s c h o o l o p e n e d y o u ’v e b e e n w o r k in g o n
H a r r y T h a t ’s g r e a t n e w s ! H ey , d o e s t h a t m e a n th in k very carefu lly before I buy som ethin g, and oth er p ro jects for th ese children.
J e n n y ’s g o in g t o b e y o u r b o s s , R o b ? I a lw a y s m a k e s u r e i t ’s t h e b e s t I c a n b u y f o r t h a t Ja n e Y es. W h en w e op en ed th e sch o o l w e realized
R o b U K ... yes, 1g u ess so. p rice . But I w o u ld n 't d e scrib e m y s e lf as ch eap . I th at alth ough th e ch ild ren now had a beautiful
J e n n y W e l l , n o t e x a c tly . I ’m a m a n a g e r , b u t I ’m n o t love bu y in g p resen ts fo r p eop le, and w hen I do n e w s c h o o l , th e y c o u l d n ’t r e a lly m a k e m u c h
R o b ’s m a n a g e r . spend m y m oney I like to buy n ice th in g s, even if p rogress because they w ere su fferin g from
S a l l y L e t ’s g o a n d h a v e d in n e r . th e y ’r e m o re e x p e n s iv e . m a l n u t r i t io n , m a la r ia , t h i n g s lik e t h a t . S o w e ’ve
Je n n y W h a t a g reat idea! b een w orkin g to im prove th eir diet and h ealth ,
1 45))) and at th e m o m en t w e're b u ild in g a h o u se w h ere
1 32))) c h ild r e n w h o d o n ’t h a v e f a m ilie s c a n live.
P a rti I n t e r v i e w e r A n d a re y o u r c h ild ren involved in
H a r r y You know , ou r Jen n y lias done incred ibly In te r v ie w e r Jan e, you’re an elem en tary school A d elante A frica too?
w e ll, R o b . S h e ’s t h e f i r s t m e m b e r o f o u r f a m ily Ja n e Y es, absolutely! T h e y all go ou t to U ganda at
to study at H arvard . S h e's a very cap ab le and teach er, and a w riter. W h a t kind o fb o o k s do least on ce a year. M y daughter T essie ru ns the
am bitious you ng w om an. you w rite? F aceb ook page, and m y o th er daughter A na ru ns
Ja n e W ell, I w rite b o o k s for child ren w ho are a p ro ject to help child ren to go to secon d ary
Je n n y O il, D ad. learn in g E n g lish as a foreign language. sch o o l, and G eo rg ie, m y so n , org an izes a football
R o b N o , i t ’s t r u e , Je n n y . In te r v ie w e r H ow long have you been a w riter? tou rnam ent there every year.
H a r r y But w h at about you, R o b ? i low do you see your Ja n e U h , let m e see, sin ce 1 9 9 0 . S o fo r abou t 2 2 y e a rs. In te rv ie w e r A nd how do you th in k you have m ost
In te r v ie w e r T ell us about th e trip th at changed c h a n g e d d i e c h ild r e n ’s liv e s ?
career? D o you see y o u rselfgoing into m anagem ent? you r life. W h ere w ere you going?
R o b M e? N o. N o t really. I'm m o re o f a... a w riter. Listening 123
H a r r y R eally ? W h a t kind o f th in g s do you w rite?
R o b U m ...y o u know , in terv iew s, rev iew s... th in gs
lik e t h a t ... a n d I ’m d o i n g a l o t o f w o r k f o r th e
o n lin e m agazin e...
Jane I t h i n k t h e s c h o o l h a s c h a n g e d t h e c h ild r e n ’s and th a t can cau se accid en ts. R em em b er, driver B D o you know w hat you need? These.
d istraction is th e num ber one cau se o f road
lives becau se it has given th em hope. P eop le from a ccid e n ts. A W h a t are th ey ? Earplugs?
outside cam e and listened to them and cared about H o s t N o w I k n o w y o u ’v e b e e n d o in g a lo t o f te s ts B Y es. Earplugs! W h en th e baby starts cry in g you
t h e m . B u t i t ’s n o t o n ly t h e c h ild r e n w h o s e liv e s w it h s i m u l a t o r s . A c c o r d i n g i o y o u r t e s t s , w h a t ’s
have changed. A d elante A frica has also changed th e m o s t d a n g e ro u s th in g to d o w h e n y o u ’re ju st put th ese in. You can still h ear th e cry in g ,
m e and m y fam ily. W e have b een very lucky in life. d riv in g ?
I feel th at life has given m e a lo t. N ow I w ant to T o m T h e te sts w e did in a sim u la to r show ed t hat b u t th e n o is e is n ’t s o b a d , a n d i t ’s n o t s o s t r e s s f u l .
g iv e s o m e t h i n g b a c k . B u t i t ’s n o t a ll g iv in g . I fe e l th e m o s t d a n g e ro u s th in g to d o w h ile y o u ’re A T h a t ’s a g r e a t id e a ! W h o to ld y o u i o d o th a t?
th a t I get m ore from th em th an I give! I love being d riv in g is to se n d o r re ce iv e a te x t m essa g e. T h is is B I t ’s a ll in t h i s b o o k I r e a d . Y o u s h o u ld g e t it.
th ere. I love th eir sm iles and how th ey have such a in cred ib ly d an g erou s, and it is, o f co u rse, illegal. A Y e a h ? W h a t ’s it c a lle d ?
stro n g sen se o f com m u nity, and I love feelin g th at In fa ct, research clone by th e p olice sh ow s th at
m y fam ily and th e o th er m em bers o f A delante th is is m ore d an gerou s th an d rin k in g an d driving. B I t ’s c a lle d C om m an do D ad. Ii w a s w r i t t e n b y a n
A frica are accepted as p art o fth a t com m unity. H o st W hy is that?
T o m W ell, th e reaso n is obviou s - m any p eop le use ex-sold ier. H e w as a co m m an d o in th e arm y,
Interviewer A n d d o you have a w eb site? tw o h an d s to te x t, o n e to hold th e p h o n e and the a n d i t ’s e s p e c ia lly f o r m e n w it h b a b ie s o r s m a ll
Jane Y e s , w e d o . I t ’s w w w .a d e la n t e a f r ic a .c o m . o t h e r t o t y p e . W h i c h m e a n s t h a t th e y d o n ’t h a v e c h i l d r e n . I t ’s p r e t t y g o o d .
t h e ir h a n d s o n th e w h e e l, a n d th e y ’re lo o k in g A R e a lly ? S o w h a t’s s o g o o d a b o u t it?
W e ’v e h a d t h e w e b s ite f o r a b o u t f o u r y e a r s . I t w a s at th e p h on e, n o t at th e road . Even fo r peop le B W ell, it's like a m ilitary m anu al. It tellsy ou exactly
o n e o f th e fir s t th in g s w e s e t up. I f you 'd lik e to w h o c a n t e x t w i t h o n e h a n d , i t ’s s t i l l e x t r e m e ly w hat to do w ith a baby in any situ ation . It m akes
find out m ore ab o u t A d elante A frica , please go d an g erou s, h i th e te sts w e did in the sim u lator, e v e r y th in g e a s ie r . T h e r e ’s a w e b s ite , t o o , t h a t y o u
there and have a look. T h e re are lo ts o f photos tw o o f th e drivers crash ed w hile texting. can go to - co m m and od ad .com . It has a lot o f
and even a vid eo m y son to o k o f m e teach in g the H o s t A nd w h ich is th e n ext m ost dangerous? ad v ice abou t tak in g care o f babies and sm all kids,
c h ild ren to sin g o n th a t firs t day. M ay b e it w ill T o m T h e next m ost dangerous th in g is to se t or an d I really like th e fo ru m s w here m en can w rite in
change your life too, w ho know s? ad ju st you r G P S . T h is is extrem ely h azard ou s too w ith th eir problem or th eir experiences.
becau se although you can do it w ith on e h and , you
1 52))) still have to tak e y o u r ey es o ff th e road fo r a few A W h a t kind o f th in g s d o es it h elp you w ith ?
seconds. B A ll kinds o fth in g s. H ow to chan ge d iapers - he
Phone call 4 H o st A nd num ber th ree?
lias a really good sy stem , how to d ress th e baby,
I h a v e n ’t h ad a n y m u s ic fo r th e la s t th r e e d ay s, Tom N u m b er th re e w as p u ttin g on m ak eu p o r d o in g how to get the baby to sleep , th e b est way to feed
becau se m y iPod broke, so pad dling has been gettin g th e b a b y , h o w io k n o w i f t h e b a b y i s s ic k . I t ’s r e a lly
m ore borin g. T o pass the tim e I count o r I nam e y ou r h air. In fact, th is is so m eth in g th at people u s e fu l a n d i t ’s p r e tt y fu n n y , t o o , I m e a n h e u s e s
c o u n trie s in m y h ead , an d so m etim es I ju st lo o k up o ften do, esp ecially w om en , o f co u rse, w hen they a kin d o f m ilita ry lan g u age, s o fo r exam p le lie
at th e sky. S o m etim e s th e sky is pink w ith clouds s to p a t t r a f f i c lig h ts , b u t i f t h e y h a v e n ’t fin is h e d calls th e baby a B T w h ich m eans a baby trooper,
t h a t lo o k l ik e c o t t o n , a n d o t h e r t i m e s i t ’s d a r k lik e w hen th e lights chan ge, they o ften continu e w hen a n d t h e b a b y ’s b e d r o o m is b a s e c a m p , a n d ta k in g
t h e s m o k e f r o m a f i r e , a n d s o m e t im e s i t ’s b r ig h t th e y s t a r t d r iv in g a g a in . I t ’s th a t f a t a l c o m b in a tio n th e baby fo r a w alk is m aneuvers, and tak in g th e
blue. T h e day th at I read ied th e h alfw ay p o in t in my o fju st h avin g o n e hand on th e steerin g w heel, and d iapers to th e trash is called bom b disposal.
lo o k in g in th e m irro r, n o t a t th e road . A W h at else d oes it say?
t r i p , t h e s k y w a s b r i g h t b lu e . I ’m s u p e r s t it io u s s o i H o s t A nd n u m ber four?
T o m In fo u rth p lace, there are tw o activities th at are B W ell, it h as all kinds o f s tu ff abou t...
d id n 't c e l e b r a t e - t h e r e ’s s t i l l a v e r y l o n g w a y t o g o . equally d angerous. O n e o f th em is m akin g a phone A And w hat does he th in k about m en tak in g care o f
call on a cell phone. O u r research show ed that
Phone call 5 w hen peop le talk on the p h one, they drive m ore c h i l d r e n ? D o e s h e t h i n k vve d o it w e ll?
slow ly (w hich ca n be ju st as dangerous as d rivin g
T h is w eek (h e m osq u itoes have been drivin g m e fast), but th eir control o f the car gets w orse, B H e th in k s th a t m en a re ju st a s go o d as w om en at
c ra z y . T h e y o b v io u s ly th in k I’m e a s y fo o d ! T h e y b e c a u s e t h e y ’r e c o n c e n t r a t i n g o n t h e p h o n e c a ll
esp ecially like m y feet. 1w ake up in th e n ig h t when a n d n o t o n w h a t’s h a p p e n in g o n t h e r o a d . B u t th e ta k in g ca re o f ch ild ren in a lm o st everyth ing.
th e y b ite m e , a n d 1 c a n ’t s to p s c r a t c h in g m y fe e t. o th e r th in g , w h ich is ju st as d an g ero u s as talk in g A A lm ost everything?
on you r cell ph one, is eatin g and d rin k in g, in fact, B Y eah, he says the on e tim e w hen w om en are
B u t I’m fe e lin g h a p p ie r n o w th a n I’v e b e e n ify o u do th is, you double you r ch an ce o f h aving
fe e lin g fo r w eek s. I've see n a lot o f a m a z in g w ild life an accid en t becau se eatin g and d rin k in g alw ays b e tte r ih an m en is w hen th e kid s are sick.
th is w eek. O n e day, I fou nd m y selfin th e m iddle involves ta k in g at least o n e hand o ffth e steerin g W o m en kind o f un d erstand b e tte r w h at to do.
o f a group o f dolph in s. T h e re w ere abou t six pairs w h e e l. A n d t h e t h i n g t h a t ’s m o s t w o r r y i n g h e re T h e y h a v e a n i n s t i n c t . O h . N o w i t ’s m y t u r n . O K ,
ju m p in g o u t o f th e w ater. I've a lso see n en o rm o u s i s t h a t p e o p le d o n ’t t h i n k o f t h i s a s a d a n g e r o u s
b u tterflies, igu anas, and vu ltures th at fly above a c t iv it y a t a ll, a n d it is n ’t e v e n ille g a l. 1 k n o w e x a c t l y w h a t t h a t c r y m e a n s . It m e a n s h e ’s
m e in b ig g ro u p s. Y esterd ay, a fish ju m p ed in to m y H o s t A n d in fifth , w ell a ctu ally six th p lace. Ii m ust hungry.
k a y a k . M a y b e it m e a n s I ’m g o in g t o b e lu cky . I am be listen in g to m u sic, b u t w h at kind? A W ow ! W h a t w as th a t b o o k called ?
s ta r tin g to feel a little sad th a t th is a d v e n tu re is
c o m in g ro an end. Tom W e ll, i t ’s l is t e n in g to m u s ic y o u k n o w . 2 28)))
A nd fin ally on th e new s, T V h ost H elen S k elto n has H o s t O h , t h a t ’s i n t e r e s t i n g . K erri Y o u w o rk h a rd , b u t y o u r m o n e y ’s a ll sp e n t
su ccessfu lly com p leted h er 1 ,9 9 8 -m ile trip dow n T o m W e found in o u r tests th a t w hen d rivers w ere
th e A m a z o n R iv e r in a k a y a k . S h e le ft fr o m N au ta in H a v e n ’t g o t e n o u g h to p a y th e re n t
P eru six w eeks ago on a trip th a t m any peop le said listen in g to m usic they knew and liked , th ey drove Y o u k n o w i t ’s n o t r ig h t a n d it m a k e s n o s e n s e
w ou ld be im p o ssib le . B u t yesterd ay, sh e cro ssed the eith er faster o r slow er depending o n w h ether the T o go chasin g, chasin g th ose dollars and cents
fin ish lin e at A lm eirim in B razil to b eco m e th e first m u sic w as fa st o r slow . C h asin g , ch a sin g th o se d o llars an d cen ts...
w o m a n to p a d d le d o w n th e A m a z o n . H e r e ’s H e le n : H o s t S o fast m usic m ade drivers drive faster. R o b T h a t w as great, K erri.
“ I t ’s b e e n h a r d , b u t I ’v e h a d a n a m a z i n g t i m e . T h e T o m E xactly . A nd a study in C an ad a also found
o n ly t h i n g I ’v e r e a lly m is s e d i s m y d o g B a r n e y . S o th at i f the m usic w as very loud, th en drivers’ Kerri T h an ks.
t h e f i r s t t h i n g I ’m g o i n g t o d o w ill b e t o p ic k h im up r e a c t i o n t i m e w a s 2 0 % s lo w e r . I f y o u ’r e l i s t e n i n g
an d tak e h im fo r a n ice long w alk.” to v ery loud m u sic y o u 're tw ice a s likely to go R o b K e rri,y o u used to be in a b an d , n ow you play
th rou gh a red light. so lo . W h y did you ch an g e?
2 9))) H o s t S o th e sa fe s t o f a l l o f th e th in g s o n th e list is
i o l is t e n t o m u s ic w e d o n ’t k n o w . Kerri W h a t happened w ith th e band is private.
T an n er to o k a taxi from th e th e b o aty ard to the T o m E x a c tly . I f w e d o n 't k n o w th e m u s ic , th e n it
a ir p o r t w h e re th e se a p la n e w a s le a v in g fr o m . It d o e s n ’t d i s t r a c t u s . In t h i s p a r t o f t h e t e s t s a ll I 'v e a lr e a d y s a id I d o n ’t w a n t t o t a lk a b o u t it in
to o k 4 5 m inu tes to get fro m th e b o a t yard to the d riv ers drove safely. in te rv ie w s . A ll i ’ll sa y is th a t I h av e a lo t m o re
a irp o rt. O n ce he g o t on th e seap lan e, T a n n er quickly
m ade up th e tim e he sp en t rid in g in th e ta x i. W ith 2 23))) freedom th is way. I can p la y -a n d s a y -w h a t I
th e plan e fly in g close to 100 m iles an hour, T ann er w ant.
cau gh t up to R u tled ge and A d am n ear Seven M ile A E x cu se m e, is th is seat em pty? R o b D id y o u r r e la t i o n s h i p w i t h t h e b a n d ’s le a d
B rid g e. A fte r la n d in g a t th e a ir p o r t in K ey W est, gu itarist affect the break up?
T a n n er rented a sco o ter for th e last th ree m iles o f B Y e s , s u r e s i t d o w n . A h , h e ’s c u t e . Is h e y o u r s ?
th e race. Ju st a few m ore m in u tes u n til h e arrived at Kerri N o co m m en t. I never talk abou t m y private
th e sou th ern -m ost p oint o f th e U S . A Y e s , y e s . A c tu a lly , h e ’s a s h e . M i r a n d a .
life.
2 15))) B O h. T h ree m onths? R o b Y ou r D ad w as in a fam ou s p u n k ban d ,
A T h re e and a h alf. H ow about yours?
H o s t A n d o n t o n i g h t ’s p r o g r a m w e t a lk t o T o m B S t e p h e n . H e ’s f o u r m o n t h s . D id y o u h a v e a b ad a n d y o u r M u m ’s a c l a s s i c a l p i a n is t , h a v e th e y
D ixon , w ho is an exp ert on road safety. Tom , in flu en ced you r m usic?
new tech n olog y like G P S devices has m ean t new n ight? K e r r i O fco u rse they have - w hat do you th in k?
d is t r a c tio n s fo r d r iv e rs , h a s n ’t it? A Yes, M iran d a w as cry in g all n ight. You know , I s n ’t e v e r y o n e in f l u e n c e d b y t h e i r p a r e n t s ?
R o b W h e n did you s ta rt playing?
T o m T h a t ’s r i g h t , N ic k y , b u t it i s n ’t ju s t t e c h n o lo g y th a t n o ise gets to you. It d rives m e crazy.
t h a t ’s t h e p r o b le m . C a r d r iv e r s d o a lo t o f o t h e r Kerri I sta rte d p layin g th e g u ita r w hen I w as about
th i n g s w h ile t h e y ’r e d r iv in g t h a t a r e d a n g e r o u s
four.
124 Listening
R o b F o u r ? T h a t ’s p r e tt y y o u n g .
Kerri Y eah, the g u itar w as n early a s big as m e!
R o b I t h in k th a t you r n ew alb u m is y o u r b e st yet.
I t ’s a lo t q u ie t e r a n d m o r e e x p e r i m e n t a l t h a n y o u r
earlier album s.
K erri T h a n k y o u ! I t h i n k i t ’s m y b e s t w o rk .
R o b S o w h at have you been d o in g recently ?
K erri W e ll, I ’v e b e e n w r i t i n g a n d r e c o r d in g
so m e new so n g s. A n d I’ve played at so m e o f the
su m m er festiv als in th e U K .
Rob A n d w h at are you d o in g w h ile y ou 're in the Jenny i t ’s ju s t t h a t ... y o u s e e m e d h o m e s ic k in th e r e . T h e first tim e I suggested th at we hang
ou t w ith ou t o u r frien d s, h e said n o w ith ou t an
S ta te s ? F o r th e p a r k s , th e c y c lin g ... exp lan ation , w h ich 1th ought w as kind o f rude. M y
f e e l in g s w e r e h u r t , s o 1 d id n ’t t a l k to h im a s m u c h .
K erri I ’m g o in g t o p la y a t s o m e c lu b s h e r e in N ew Rob W ell there are som e th in g s I m iss but - O h , T h e n ext tim e I saw Jason in o u r b ig group, he w as
ju st as friend ly and happy a s u su al. I w as confu sed .
Y o r k , th e n I ’m d o i n g s o m e s m a ll g ig s in o t h e r h a n g o n a m in u te . L o o k o v e r th e r e . O u r t a x i’s
com e back. Fin ally , I asked h im w h y he w o u ld n 't h a n g out
p laces. I ju st w a n t to get to k n o w th e co u n try and w ith m e. H e ap o lo g ized an d th e n he to ld m e th a t in
T axi driver E x c u s e m e , M a ’a m . B u r m a , i t ’s c u s t o m t o “d a t e ” in a g r o u p s i t u a t i o n .
th e p e o p le . I t ’s a ll v e ry n e w to m e . Kerri W h o m e? W h a t is it? S in ce he had on ly been in th e U S fo r a few y ears, he
Taxi driver I b e lie v e th is is y o u r c e ll p h o n e . Y o u w as still h avin g trou ble n avigatin g th e tw o cu ltu res
Jenny G o o d jo b , R o b . S h e is n ’t th e e a s ie s t p e rso n he lived in — th e m ore reserved B u rm ese cu ltu re and
left it in m y cab. the m o re open A m erican cu ltu re.
to interview .
Kerri W h a t? ... O h , w ow ... th a n k you! A few m o n th s later, a fte r w e w e started dating,
R ob S h e ’s O K . A n d t h i s v id e o c l ip w ill w o r k g r e a t Taxi driver H av e a n ic e day! I asked h im w hy he never responded to my cute,
Kerri T h a t w as so kind o fh im ! r o m a n t i c F a c e b o o k p o s t s w it h m o r e th a n “c o o l ” o r
on lin e. Don S e e ? N ew Y orkers are really frien d ly people. “th an k s.” It seem ed w eird to m e th a t h is resp on ses
w e r e n ’t r o m a n t i c . A n d h o n e s tly , 1 w a s a l i t t l e je a l o u s
Don W ell, th a n k you fo r co m in g in today, K e rri. 2 40))) o f th e sw eet p o sts m y A m erican frien d s’ boyfriends
left on th eir Facebook pages.
N ow I su g gest w e have so m e lu n ch. R o b , could 1 O n e very easy th in g you ca n do, is ju st change
th e language to E n g lish on all th e gad gets you B u t J a s o n to ld m e in B u r m a , i t ’s c o n s id e r e d
you call a taxi? have, fo r exam ple on you r p h on e, o r laptop, or bragging to exp ress you r feelin g s in public,
tab let. T h a t w ay y o u 're read in g E n g lish every esp ecially o n a so cial n etw o rk in g site. H e didn’t
Rob U h , sure. day and w ith o u t really n o ticin g you ju st learn a w an t h is fam ily and frien d s to th in k h e w as bragging
w hole lot o fv o cab u lary , fo r exam ple the th in g s abou t h is A m erican girlfrien d . From an A m erican
2 29))) p o in t o f view , I th ou g h t h e w as b ein g a bit cold ;
y o u s e e o n y o u r s c r e e n lik e A rey ou surey ou want how ever from a B u rm ese p oint ofv iew , he w as
Don S o w h en w ill y o u b e c o m in g b ack to N ew to shut down now, th in g s lik e th a t. actu ally being respectful.
Y ork, K erri? 2 M y tip is to d o th in g s th a t you lik e d o in g , b u t in A s c o n fu s e d a s I w a s a b o u t w h a t’s c o n sid e re d
E n g lish . S o fo r exam p le, ify o u like reading, then go o d and bad m an n ers in Ja so n 's cu ltu re, h e felt th e
Kerri O h , I d o n 't know . read in E n g lish , ify o u like m ovies, w atch them sam e w ay a b o u t A m erica n cu ltu re . H e th o u g h t it
W aitress H i, gu ys. Is ev ery th in g O K ? in E n g lish w ith su b titles, ify o u lik e com p uter w as bad m an n ers to refer to have a “b est frien d ,” and
Don Y e s, i t ’s d e lic io u s , th a n k y o u . g a m e s , p la y th e m i n E n g l i s h . B u t d o n ’t d o t h in g s he w ould argue w ith m e w h en ev er I called m y friend
y o u d o n ’t e n jo y in y o u r la n g u a g e , I m e a n ify o u R a ch el, m y b e st frien d . ]ason said th ere is n o such
W a i t r e s s T h a t ’s g r e a t! d o n ’t lik e r e a d i n g in y o u r la n g u a g e , y o u 'll e n jo y th in g as a “b est frien d ” in B u rm ese cu ltu re. T h e re
it e v e n l e s s i n E n g l i s h , a n d s o y o u p r o b a b ly w o n ’t a r e o n ly “c l o s e f r ie n d s .” It w o u ld b e i n c o n s id e r a t e
Kerri N ew Y ork w aiters never leave you alo n e! I learn anything. to n am e one person as a “b est frien d " because your
o th e r frien d s w ould feel offend ed .
r e a lly d o n ’t lik e a ll t h i s “H i g u y s ! Is e v e r y t h i n g 3 W h a t really helped m e to im prove m y En glish
w as h av in g an A m erica n b o y frie n d . H e d id n't A nyw ay, w e've been to g eth er fo r tw o y e a rs, and
O K ?” stu ff sp eak an y Jap an ese - w ell, n o t m an y foreign ers w e s till h a v e d is a g re e m e n ts . B u t, w e ’ve le a rn e d th a t
do - so w e spoke E n glish all th e tim e, and my a s lo n g a s w e ’r e a c o u p le , w e ’ll n e v e r c o m p le te ly a g r e e
Don W h a t? Y o u m ea n w a iters a re n 't frien d ly in E n g lish im proved really quickly. W e b ro k e up ab o u t w h eth er o u r m an n ers are good o r bad, and that
w hen he w en t b ack to th e U S , bur by th en I could m o s t im p o r ta n t ly . . . i t ’s O K t o a g r e e t o d is a g r e e !
London? s p e a k p re tty flu e n tly . W e d id n ’t e x a c tly e n d up
as frie n d s, bu t I’ll alw ay s b e g ra te fu l to h im fo r 3 8)))
Rob O h , th e y ’re v e ry frie n d ly ! th e E n g lish I learn ed . S o m y tip is try to fin d an
K erri Y e s , t h e y ’r e fr ie n d ly , b u t n o t t o o fr ie n d ly . E n glish -sp eak in g boyfriend o r girlfriend. Part 1
Interviewer W h a t m ad e you w a n t to b eco m e a
T h e y d o n ’t b o t h e r y o u a ll t h e t im e . 4 I ’v e a lw a y s th o u g h t th a t l e a r n i n g v o c a b u la r y
is very im p o rtan t, so I bought a vocabulary so c ce r re feree, o r fo o tb a ll referee a s you w ould
W aitress C a n 1 g et you a n y th in g else? M o re flash card app for m y ph one. I w rite dow n all call it?
the new w ords and p hrases I w ant to rem em ber
d rin k s, m aybe? in Fren ch and in E n g lish , and th en w hen I get Juan M y f a t h e r w a s a r e f e r e e , b u t t h a t d id n ’t
a qu iet m o m en t I te st m y se lf It really help s me
Don N o t h a n k s . W e ’re fin e . r e m e m b e r n e w v o c a b u la r y . S o th a t’s m y tip . G e t in flu en ce m e - in fact, th e opposite becau se I saw
W aitress F a n ta stic. a vocabulary learn in g app fo r you r phone. all th e problem s th at h e had as a referee. But as a
Kerri S e e w h at I m ean ? Personally, Ith in k p eop le child I w as alw ays attra cte d by th e idea o f b ein g
5 I th i n k o n e o f (h e b ig p r o b le m s w h e n y o u ’re a referee, and at sch o o l I used to referee all kinds
in L o n d o n a re a lo t m o re easy go in g . L o n d o n 's ju st learn in g so m eth in g new is m otiv ation , som eth i ng o f sp o rts, basketball, h an d ball, volleyball, and o f
to m ake you co n tin u e and n ot give up. S o m y c o u r s e , f o o t b a ll . I w a s in v ite d t o jo i n t h e R e f e r e e ’s
not as h ectic as N ew York. tip is to b o o k y o u rse lf a vacatio n in an En glish - Fed eration w hen I w as on ly 14 y ears old.
sp eak in g co u n try o r a co u n try w here people
Don S u re , w e all like p eace an d q u iet. B u t in m y speak very good E n g lish , like th e C arib b ean , as a Interviewer W ere y o u g o o d a t s p o r ts y o u rs e lf?
little rew ard for you rself, and so you can actually Juan Y e s, I w a s a v e ry g o o d h a n d b a ll p layer. P eop le
o p in io n , N ew Y ork is p ossibly... w ell, n o , is p r a c t ic e y o u r E n g lis h . I t ’s r e a lly m o tiv a t in g
w hen you g o som ew here and fin d th at people often th in k th at referees becom e referees because
d efin itely the g reate st city in the w orld. D o n ’t you understand you and you can com m u nicate! Last th ey are fru strate d sp o rtsm en , bu t th is is ju st n o t
year, I w ent to the Baham as for a w eekend, and I true in m ost cases in m y exp erience.
agree? had a great tim e, and I spoke a lot o f English.
Interviewer W h a t w as th e m o st e x c itin g m atch
Kerri T o be h o n est, 1d efin itely p refer London. 6 Ify o u love m usic, w h ich I d o, m y tip is to listen to as
Don C o m e o n , R o b . Y ou 'v e lived in b o th . W h a t do m any songs as possible in En glish and then learn you ever refereed?
t o s in g th e m . I t ’s s o e a sy n o w a d a y s w it h Y o u T u b e.
you th in k? First, i dow nload the lyrics and try to understand Juan It’s d if f ic u lt to c h o o s e o n e m a tc h a s th e m o s t
them . T h e n Isin g along w ith the singer and try to
Rob U m , w e ll, I h a v e t o say, L o n d o n ’s v e ry s p e c ia l. I t ’s copy th e w ay he o r she sin gs - th is is fan tastic for excitin g. I rem em ber som e o f the R eal M ad rid -
y ou r pron u nciation . T h e n on ce 1can d o it w ell, 1go B arcelon a m atch es, for exam ple th e first on e I
m o r e r e la x e d , i t ’s g o t g r e a t p a rk s a n d y o u c a n c y c le back to YouTube and get a karaoke version o f the ev er refereed . T h e a tm o sp h ere w as in c re d ib le in
s o n g , a n d th e n 1s in g it. I t ’s fu n a n d y o u r E n g lis h t h e s t a d iu m . B u t r e a lly i t ’s i m p o s s i b le t o p ic k ju s t
e v e ry w h e re . I t ’s d a n g e ro u s t o c y c le i n N e w Y o rk ! w ill really im prove as a result. one - th ere have been so m any.
Don W h y w ou ld you cy cle w h en you can d riv e a ca r? 2 48))) Interviewer W h a t w a s th e w o rst e x p e rie n c e you
Kerri You ca n 't b e seriou s.
Don O K , I a g re e , L o n d o n h a s its o w n p e cu lia r I alw ays thought th at good m an n ers w ere good ever had as a referee?
m an n ers w h erever you w ere in th e w orld. Bu t th at
ch arm . But i f you ask m e, n o th in g com p ares w ith w as u n til m et m y b o y frien d la so n , w h o is from Juan T h e w o r s t? W e ll, th a t w a s s o m e th in g th a t
B u rm a— also know n as M yan m ar. W e m et in
a city lik e N ew Y ork. T h e w h ole w orld is here! u p state N ew Y o rk , w hen w e w ere b o tli stu d e n ts in happened very early in m y career. 1w as on ly 16,
college. W h en w e first g o t to know each o th er, we and i w as refereein g a m atch in a tow n in Sp ain ,
K erri B u t t h a t ’s t h e p r o b le m . I r ’s t o o b ig . T h e r e a re w ere alw ays su rro u n d ed by a group o f frien d s. I liked and th e h om e team lost. A fter th e m atch , I w as
)ason becau se he w as fu nn y and k in d , and I cou ld tell attack ed and inju red by th e p layers o f th e hom e
t o o m a n y p e o p le . E v e r y b o d y ’s s o s t r e s s e d o u t. he liked m e, bu t w e never sp en t any tim e alone. te a m an d by th e sp e cta to rs. A fte r all th e se y e a rs I
can still rem em ber a m other, w ho had a little baby
A nd nobody has any tim e for you. in her arm s, w ho w as try in g to h it m e. Sh e w as so
an g ry w ith m e th at sh e nearly dropped h er baby.
Jenny I d o n ’t t h i n k t h a t ’s r ig h t , K e r r i . N e w Y o r k e r s T h a t w as m y w orst m om ent, and it nearly m ade
m e stop bei ng a referee.
are very frien d ly ...
Listening 125
Kerri O h su re, th ey can sou n d friend ly w ith all that
“ H a v e a n ic e d a y " s t u f f . B u t I a lw a y s t h i n k i t ’s a
little b it... fake.
Don Y o u ’v e g o t t o b e k id d in g m e !
R ob I ’m s o r r y . I’ll ju s t h a v e t o ta k e th is ... H e llo ? ...
Y e s ... Y o u ’r e w h o ? ... T h e ta x i d r iv e r ? ... W h a t did sh e
le a v e ? ... H e r c e ll p h o n e ... r ig h t . O K . Y e s , w e ’r e s till
at th e re stau ran t. S e e you in ab o u t five m inu tes.
2 32)))
K e r r i T h a n k you for a n ice lun ch, D on .
Don Y o u ’r e w e lc o m e .
Waitress T h a n k s fo r co m in g , g u ys! H ave a n ice day.
Don S e e ? N ic e , frien d ly serv ice.
Kerri M aybe. Bu t I th in k she saw th e big tip you
left o n th e table!
Jenny D id you m ea n w h a t you said in th e
restau rant, R ob ?
Rob Dici 1 m ea n w h at?
Jenny A b o u t m issin g L o n d o n ?
Rob Su re, I m iss it, Jenny.
Jenny R e a lly ?
R ob B u t h e y , n o t t h a t m u c h ! I t ’s ju s t t h a t m o v in g t o
a new place is alw ays d ifficu lt.
Jenny B u t y ou d o n 't re g re t c o in in g h e re , do y o u ?
Rob N o ... n o ... n o t at all.
Interviewer D o y o u th in k th a t th e re 's m o re 3 24))) 3 25)))
ch e a tin g in so cce r th an in th e past? Host A n d o u r firs t c a lle r is Y oung. G o ah ead , Y oung. Jenny M o n ic a !
Young H i. U h , y e a h , I u se F a c e b o o k a lo t, ev ery day. Monica ]en n y !
Juan Y e s, I th in k so. Jenny W o w ! H o w a re y o u ? Y ou lo o k g rea t!
Interviewer W h y ? I th in k it's a great w ay to , uh, o rg an ize y o u r social Monica T h a n k s , je n n y ! Y o u lo o k re a lly g o o d , to o .
Juan I t h i n k i t 's b e c a u s e t h e r e ’s s o m u c h m o n e y Jenny H ey , w h y d o n ’t w e g e t s o m e c o f f e e ?
life and keep in tou ch w ith you r friend s. Monica I ’d lo v e t o , b u t I ’m o n th e w a y t o m e e t ... o h ,
i n f o o t b a l l to d a y t h a t i t ’s b e c o m e m u c h m o r e
im p o rtan t to w in . A lso fo o tb a ll is m u ch faster 1have a lot o f friend s. com e on . Five m inu tes!
th a n ii u s e d t o b e , s o i t ’s m u c h m o r e d i f f i c u l t fo r
referees to d etect cheatin g. Martha H ow m an y frie n d s d o you h av e, Y o u n g ? Jenny S o , h o w is e v e ry th in g ?
Young R ig h t now , I h ave 1 ,0 4 2 . Monica O h , g r e a t. T h in g s c o u ld n ’t b e b e tte r
Interviewer H ow d o s o c c e r p layers ch e a t? Martha A n d h ow m an y o f th e m d o you kn ow
Juan O h , th e re a re m an y w ay s, b u t fo r m e th e w o rst a c tu a lly . S c o t t a n d I . . . w e ’r e g e ttin g m a rrie d !
p e rso n a lly ?
t h i n g in f o o t b a ll to d a y is w h a t w e c a l l “s im u la tio n .” Jenny Y o u 're w h a t? C o n g ra tu la tio n s !
Sim u lation is w hen a player p reten d s to have Young A b o u t h a l f m a y b e? Monica T h a n k you !
b e e n fo u le d w h e n i n f a c t h e h a s n ’t . F o r e x a m p le , Martha A n d w h at d o you u se F a c e b o o k for? Jenny W h e n d id y o u g e t en g ag ed ?
som etim es a player falls over in th e p en alty area Young F o r m e , i t ’s a g o o d w a y t o g e t in to u c h w ith Monica O n ly a fe w d a y s a g o . I ’m g la d I s a w y o u
w h en , in fact, n obod y h as touched h im and th is
c a n re su lt in th e r e fe r e e g iv in g a p e n a lty w h e n it m y frien d s w ith ou t having to use th e phone all the a c tu a lly . I w a s g o in g to c a ll y o u . W e ’ve o n ly told
w a s n ’t a p e n a lty . In m y o p in io n , w h e n a p la y e r d o e s
t h i s h e ’s c h e a t i n g n o t o n ly t h e r e fe r e e , n o t o n ly th e t i m e . W h e n I ’m h a v in g a b u s y w e e k a t s c h o o l , I fam ily so far.
players o f th e o th er team , but also th e sp ectators,
becau se sp ectato rs pay m oney to see a fair contest. ca n ch an g e m y sta tu s so I ca n lei m y frien d s know Jenny Ic a n 't b eliev e it. M o n ic a th e w ife ! A n d to
3 9))) I c a n ’t g o o u t. T h a t ’s a lo t e a s i e r t h a n w a s t i n g tim e th in k you u sed to go clu b b in g every night!
Part 2 t e l li n g p e o p le “s o r r y I ’m t o o b u s y to g e t t o g e t h e r .” Monica W e ll, th a t w a s a fe w y e a rs a g o ! A ll I w an t
Interviewer W h a t ’s th e m o s t d if f ic u lt t h in g a b o u t
I t ’s ju s t e a s i e r a n d q u ic k e r th a n u s in g t h e p h o n e . to do now is stay in and read w ed d in g m agazin es.
bein g a referee?
Host T h a n k s , Y o u n g . W e h ave a n o th e r c a lle r, it's Jenny A n d h o w a re th e p la n s c o m in g alo n g ?
Juan T h e m o s t d iffic u lt th in g is t o m ak e th e rig h t Monica I h av en ’t d o n e a n y th in g y e t. M y m o m a n d
B eth . H ello, B e th .'
d e c i s i o n s d u r i n g a m a t c h . I t ’s d i f f i c u l t b e c a u s e S c o t t ’s m o m w a n t t o o r g a n i z e t h e w h o le t h i n g
y o u h a v e t o m a k e d e c i s i o n s w h e n e v e r y t h i n g ’s B eth H i. U h , I d o n ’t u s e F a c e b o o k o r a n y o t h e r
h ap p en in g so quickly - fo o tb a ll tod ay is very them selv es!
fa st. Y o u m u st re m e m b e r th a t e v e ry th in g is social n etw orkin g site.
happening at 100 kilom etres an hour. A lso Jenny T h a t ’s w h a t m o t h e r s a r e fo r !
i m p o r t a n t d e c i s i o n s o f t e n d e p e n d o n t h e r e f e r e e ’s M artha W h y ’s t h a t B e t h ? Monica T ru e . B u t w h a t a b o u t y o u ? Y ou lo o k fa n ta stic.
in te r p r e ta tio n o f th e r u le s . T h in g s a r e n ’t b la ck Beth W e ll, t w o r e a s o n s . F ir s t , I d o n ’t s p e n d m u ch Jenny W e ll, I g u e s s I’m k in d o f h ap p y, to o .
Monica U h -h u h . W h a t ’s h is n a m e ?
an d w h ite. A nd o f co u rse m a k in g d ecisio n s w ould t i m e o n l i n e . I p la y a l o t o f s p o r t s - I ’m o n a h o c k e y Jenny R o b .
b e m u c h e a s ie r i f p la y e r s d id n ’t c h e a t. Monica Y o u ’v e b e e n k e e p in g h im v e ry q u ie t! Is it
team , so I m eet m y team m ates a lm o st every day,
Interviewer D o y o u th in k th a t th e id e a o f fa ir play se rio u s?
and w e don’t need to co m m u n icate on Facebook.
d o e s n ’t e x i s t a n y m o r e ? Jenny U rn, it’s k in d o f, y o u k n o w ...
Martha A n d th e o th e r re a so n ? Monica S o it is!
Juan N o t at a ll. I th in k fa ir play d o e s e x i s t - d i e Beth I ju s t d o n ’t r e a lly lik e t h e w h o le id e a o f s o c ia l Jenny I t ’s s t i l l e a r ly . W e h a v e n ’t b e e n t o g e t h e r fo r
players w ho ch e at are th e excep tion s. n etw o rk in g sites. I m ean , w hy w ould I w an t to long. H e on ly m oved h ere fro m L o n d o n a few
Interviewer F in ally , w h o d o you th in k is th e b est t e ll t h e w h o le w o r ld e v e r y t h i n g t h a t I ’m d o in g ? I m o n th s ago...
player rig h t now ? d o n ’t w a n t to s h a r e m y p e r s o n a l i n f o r m a t i o n w ith Monica W h a t ? H e ’s B r itis h ? A n d y o u t h i n k y o u
Juan I th in k m o st p e o p le a g re e th a t th e b est t h e w o r ld a n d b e c o m e f r ie n d s w it h p e o p le I d o n ’t can persuad e h im to stay in N ew Y ork? T h a t
fo o tb aller today is L eo M essi. e v en k n o w . A n d I d o n ’t w a n t to re a d w h a t o th e r w o n ’t b e e a s y !
Interviewer W h y d o y o u th in k lie ’s s o g o o d ? p eop le had fo r b re a k fa st o r lun ch o r d in n er o r Jenny I th in k h e lik e s it h e re . Y ou k n o w h o w guys
Juan I t ’s h a r d t o s a y w h a t m a k e s h im s o s p e c ia l, b u t
w h at th ey 're p la n n in g to do th is w eekend . a r e , y o u n e v e r k n o w w h a t t h e y ’r e th i n k i n g .
a study w as d on e on h im w hich show ed th a t M essi
can run faster w ith th e ball th an m any footballers Host T h a n k s fo r th a t, B e th . O u r n e x t c a lle r is Monica W h e n c a n I m eet h im ?
can do w ithou t th e b all. A p art from h is great Jenny U h ... t h a t ’s h im n ow .
a b ility , w h a t I a ls o lik e a b o u t h im is t h a t h e is n ’t th e E m m a . I t ’s y o u r t u r n , E m m a .
ty p ical su p erstar footballer. You can see th a t he 3 26)))
en jo y s p laying fo o tb all, and he behaves in p u blic Martha H i, E m m a
a n d in h is p e r s o n a l life in a v e ry n o r m a l w ay . T h a t ’s Emma H i, M arth a. Rob D o you m in d if l jo in you?
u nusual w h en you th in k h ow fam o u s he is. A nd Martha A n d d o you u se F a c e b o o k , E m m a ? Monica O f c o u rs e n o t. C o m e o n , s it d ow n.
Emma I u se it o n ce in a w h ile , b u t n o t very m u ch . Rob Thank you.
w h a t’s m o r e h e d o e s n ’t c h e a t - h e d o e s n ’t n e e d to ! Monica I h a v e to leav e in a m in u te anyw ay.
I on ly really use it to keep up w ith frien d s w ho Rob C ou ld I have a large latte, please?
3 23))) W aiter O fc o u rs e .
have m oved abroad o r live to o far aw ay fo r us Jenny R o b , th is is M o n ic a .
Host H ello , an d w e lco m e to Forum, th e p ro g ram Monica N ic e to m eet y o u , R o b .
to m eet regularly. F o r exam p le, o n e o f m y best Rob You to o , M o n ica. You know , Jen n y talk s about
th a t asks you w h at you th in k ab ou t c u rren t top ics.
frien d s recen tly m oved to C an ad a, and w e chat on y o u a l o t . A n d I ’v e s e e n c o lle g e p h o t o s o f y o u tw o
Today M a rth a Park w ill b e talk in g ab o u t the
so cial n etw o rk in g site F aceb o o k , how w e use it, F a ceb o o k . B u t 1n ever add frie n d s w ho are people to g e th e r . A i je n n y ’s p a r e n ts ' h o u s e .
h ow m u ch w e lik e it - o r d islik e it. S o get ready to
call u s, o r text us and tell us w hat you th in k . T he I hardly know . I ju st can ’t understand th ose Jenny O f c o u r s e y o u h a v e . M y d a d ’s p h o to s .
n u m ber a s alw ays is 5 5 5 -4 3 1 8 . M a rth a . Rob Y ou 've h ard ly ch a n g e d at all.
p eop le w ho co lle ct h u n d red s o r even th ou san d s Monica W h a t a n ice m a n ! I c a n s e e w hy y o u like
Martha H e llo . S in c e F a c e b o o k w as first lau n ch ed
o f F a c e b o o k f r ie n d s ! I t h i n k i t ’s ju s t c o m p e t i t i o n , h im , Jenny. T h e p erfect E n glish gentlem an.
in 2 0 0 4 , a lo t o f research h as b een d on e to find
o u t w h at kind o f p eop le u se it, w hat they use it for, p e o p le w h o w a n t t o m a k e it s e e m t h a t t h e y ’re W aiter Y o u r latte.
an d w hat e ffe c t it h as on th eir lives. A ccord in g Rob O h , th an ks. C an you p ass th e sugar?
to a recent study by co n su m er research sp ecialist m o re pop u lar th an everybody else. Jenny S u re .
In te rsp e rie n c e , th e average 2 2 y e a r old in B rita in Monica S o r r y g u y s, b u t I h ave to g o.
M a r t h a S o you th in k th e F aceb o o k w orld is kind Rob Y o u ’r e s u r e I h a v e n ’t in t e r r u p t e d a n y t h in g ?
h as over 1 ,0 0 0 o n lin e frien d s. In fa ct, 2 2 see m s to Monica N o t at a ll. It's ju s t th a t I have to m e e t
b e th e age at w h ich th e n u m ber o f friend s peaks. ofu n real?
It also ap p ears th a t w om en have sligh tly m ore s o m e o n e . B u t l e t ’s g e t t o g e t h e r v e ry s o o n .
o n lin e frien d s th a n m en . A nd an o th er stu d y from Emma A b solu tely . Ith in k p eo p le w rite th in g s and
an A m erican un iversity sh ow s th a t p eop le w ho Jenny W e w ill!
p o st p h o to s o fth e m se lv e s ju st to sh ow everyone Monica B y e, R o b . N ice m e e tin g you .
spend a lo t o f tim e on Faceb ook read in g other th e y k n o w w h a t a f a n t a s t i c t i m e t h e y ’r e h a v in g Rob Bye.
p e o p le ’s p o s ts te n d to fe el m o re d is s a tis fie d w ith Jenny Bye. T a lk so o n .
th eir ow n lives, b ecau se they feel th at everyone a n d w h a t e x c i t i n g liv e s th e y le a d . B u t t h e y ’re Rob Sh e seem s like a happy person.
else is h av in g a b e tte r tim e th an th ey are. Jenny S h e is , e s p e c ia lly r ig h t n o w - s h e ’s g e t t in g
So , over to you. D o you use Facebook? H ow p rob ab ly ju st sittin g at h om e in fro n t o f th e
do you feel abou t it? C an you really have 1 ,0 0 0 m arried.
frien d s? A re so cial n etw o rk in g sites m ak in g us com p u ter all th e tim e.
unhappy? C a l I in an d sh are y o u r ex p e rie n c e s... R ob T h a t ’s f a n t a s t i c n e w s !
Host T h a n k s fo r th a t, E m m a . W e h ave tim e fo r Jenny Y e a h , it is . I g u e s s w e ’r e a t t h a t a g e n o w .
126 Listening
o n e m o r e c a l le r b e f o r e t h e n e w s , a n d i t ’s N e d . H i, W h en m ost o f ou r friend s are settlin g dow n and
N ed . Y o u 'll have to b e quick. g ettin g m arried.
Martha H i, N ed. Rob Y eah ... O h , sp eak in g o f frien d s, I w an t to ask
Ned H i. W h e n I s t a r te d o f f w ith F a c e b o o k , ( t h o u g h t
you a fav or. Is it O K i f w e ch an g e o u r p lan s a bit
it w as g reat, and I used it to co m m u n icate w ith close
th is week?
frien d s and w ith fam ily, and 1got back in touch w ith
Jenny U h ... s u r e . W h a t ’s u p ?
old frien d s from sch ool, it w as good becau se all the
p eop le 1w as frien d s w ith o n F aceb o o k w ere people
I knew , and I w as interested in w hat they were
doing. But then I started adding friend s, people 1
hardly knew w ho w ere frien d s o f friend s, people
like th a t- in the end, I had m ore th an a 1 ,0 0 0 - and
ii ju st b e c a m e ioo m u ch . It w a s ju st to o m any
people leaving updates, w ritin g m essages on my
w all. S o last m onth I decided to delete m o st o f
th em . It to o k m e ab o u t h a lfa n h ou r io delete, an d in
th e end, the on ly peop le I left w ere actu al, real-life
frien d s and fam ily, and old sch o o l friend s. I g ot it
dow n to 9 9 . It w as really liberating.
Host T h a n k s , N ed , an d w e’ll b e b a c k a fte r th e
new s, so keep th ose calls com ing.
Rob I ’v e ju s t h a d a c a ll fr o m a n o ld fr ie n d o f m in e ,
Paul. I haven't seen h im sin ce w e w ere at university,
a n d h e ’s tr a v e lin g a r o u n d th e S t a t e s a t t h e m o m e n t.
A n y w a y , h e ’s a r r iv in g in N e w Y o rk t h i s e v e n in g
a n d , u h ... I ’v e in v ite d h im t o s ta y f o r t h e w e e k .
Jenny C o o l! I t’ll b e fu n to m e e t o n e o f y o u r old
f r ie n d s ! W h a t ’s h e lik e ?
R ob O h , P a u l’s a la u g h . H e u s e d t o b e a b it w ild , b u t
th a t w as a lo n g tim e ago. H e's p ro b ab ly chan ged
com p letely.
Jenny W e ll, I’m lo o k in g fo r w a rd to m e e tin g h im .
Rob Ju st o n e o th er thing. C o u ld you do m e a big
fav or? i have to w ork late th is ev en in g so ... w ould
you m ind m eetin g h im at th e airp o rt?
Jenny N o t a t a ll. I ’d lik e t o m e e t h im .
Rob A nd do you th in k y o u could take h im to my
fla t? I’ll give you th e keys.
Jenny N o p ro b lem , R o b .
Rob T h a n k s s o m u ch , ]e n n y . Y o u ’re a r e a l s ta r.
3 29)))
Paul H ey , m a n !
Rob Paul!
Paul I t ’s g r e a t t o s e e y o u , m a te .
R ob Y o u t o o , P a u l. I t ’s b e e n y e a r s . Y o u h a v e n ’t
ch an g ed a t all.
P a u l Ju st got b etter looking!
Rob H ow co m e y ou 're so late?
Jenny P a u l's flig h t fro m L A w a s d elay ed . A n d th en
th e tra ffic co m in g back w as ju st aw ful.
P a u l But th at gave us tim e to get to know each
o th e r.
Jenny Y e a h . Paul to ld m e a ll a b o u t h is trav els.
E v ery detail.
Paul A n d lo o k at th is . Y o u r o w n N ew Y o rk fia t.
H ow co o l is that?
R ob I t ’s g o o d . R e a lly g o o d . B u t - d o y o u w a n t
so m eth in g to eat? I g o t som e th in g s on m y way
hom e.
Paul S t a y in ? I t ’s m y f i r s t n ig h t in t h e B ig A p p le !
L e t ’s g o o u t a n d h a v e a p iz z a o r s o m e t h in g .
R ob 1 th o u g h t y o u ’d b e tir e d a f t e r t h e f lig h t.
Paul N o w ay , m a n ! I ’m r e a d y f o r a c t io n .
Rob G r e a t! I’ll g e t m y ja c k e t ...
Jenny R o b , I t h i n k I 'l l g o h o m e i f y o u d o n ’t m in d . I,
u h , I ’m e x h a u s te d .
Rob O h , O K th en .
Paul S o i t ’s a b o y s ’ n ig h t o u t!
Rob Just like th e old days!
Paul A n d a fte r th e p iz z a w e c a n g o o n so m e w h e re
e l s e . R o b , w e ’v e g o t a lo t t o t a l k a b o u t !
Listening 127
1A
simple present and continuous, action and • W e use the present continuous (not the sim ple present)
nonaction verbs fo r a c tio n s in p ro g re ss at the tim e o f s p e a k in g , e.g., th in g s
that are happening now o r around now. These are usually
s im p le p re se n t: / live, h e w o rks, e tc. tem porary, not habitual actions.
1 I w o r k in a bank. She s tu d ie s Russian. 1 10)}) • R e m e m b e r the s p e llin g ru le s, e.g., living, studying, getting.
• W e also use the present continuous fo r future arrangem ents
W e d o n ’t h a v e any pets. Jack d o e s n ’t w e a r glasses.
(see IB ).
W h ere d o you liv e ? D o e s you r brother ha ve a car?
2 She usually has cereal for breakfast. a c tio n and n o n a ctio n verb s
I’m never late fo r w ork. A W h a t are you cooking?
B I’m making pasta.
W e only e a t o u t about once a m onth. 1 12)))
A G reat! I lo v e pasta.
1 W e use the sim ple present for things that are always true or
happen regularly. A W h a t are you looking for?
• R e m e m b e r the s p e llin g ru le s fo r th ir d p e rso n s in g u la r, e.g., B M y car keys.
A I'll help you in a m inute.
lives, studies, watches.
B B u t I need th em now !
• R em em ber the w ord order fo r questions: (question word),
• Verbs that de scribe actions, e.g., cook, make, can be used
a u x ilia ry , subject, base fo rm o f verb. Do you know David? in the sim p le presen t o r co n tin u o u s . I’m m aking lunch.
What time does the movie start? I usually m ake lunch on the weekend.
2 W e often use the sim ple present w ith adverbs offrequency, • V erb s th at d e scrib e states o r feelings (not actio n s), e.g., love,
need, be, are nonaction verbs. T h e y are n o t u s u a lly used in
e.g., usually, never, o r e x p re ssio n s o f frequ ency, e.g., every day,
once a week. the present continuous, even if we mean “now.”
• A d v e rb s o f fre q u e n cy go b e fore the m a in verb, an d a fte r be.
• E xp re ssio n s o f frequency u su a lly go at the end o f the • C o m m o n n o n a c tio n verbs are agree, be, believe, belong,
depend,forget, hate, hear, know, like, love, matter, mean, need,
sentence o r verb phrase. prefer, realize, recognize, remember, seem, suppose.
p re se n t co n tin u o u s: b e + verb + -in g P Verbs than can be both action and nonaction
A W h o a rc you w a itin g for? 1 ID)) A few verbs have an action and a nonaction meaning,
B I’m w a itin g fo r a friend. e.g., have and think.
I have a cat now. = possession (nonaction)
A Is you r sister s till g o in g o u t w ith Adam ? I can't talk now. I'm having lunch. = an action
B N o, they broke up. She is n ’t g o in g o u t w ith anyone
1think this music's great. = opinion (nonaction)
right now. What are you thinking about? = an action
a C o m p le te the sentences w ith the sim p le present o r b (C i r c l e ) th e c o r r e c t f o r m , s im p le p r e s e n t, o r c o n t in u o u s .
present co n tin u o u s fo rm s o f the verbs in parentheses). (T d oift belieyfoj I ’m not believing th a t y o u c o o k e d th is
W e doii’t go to C h in e s e r e s ta u ra n ts v e r y o fte n , (n o t go) m eal yourself.
1 T h e s e d a ys, m o s t c h ild r e n _________ to o m a n y s u g a ry 1 C o m e o n , le t ’s o rd e r. T h e w a ite r comes / is coming.
snacks, (have) 2 K a t e doesn’t want / isn’t wanting to h a ve d in n e r now .
2 _________ y o u __________a n y v it a m in s r ig h t n o w ? (take) She isn ’t hungry.
3 D o n 't e at t h a t s p in a c h i f y o u _________ it. (n o t lik e )
4 _________ y o u r b o y f r ie n d __________h o w to c o o k 3 T h e h e a d c h e f is s ic k , s o he doesn’t work / isn’t working
fish ? (know) today.
5 W e _________ ta k e -o u t p iz z a s d u r in g th e w eek, (not get)
6 W h a t _________ y o u r m o t h e r __________ ? It s m e lls 4 T h e c h e c k seems / is seeming v e r y h ig h to m e.
5 W e 'v e h a d an a rg u m e n t, s o w e don ’t speak /
great! (make)
7 Y o u lo o k sa d . W h a t _________ y o u __________ aren't speaking to e ach o th e r r ig h t now .
6 M y m o m thinks / is thinking m y d ie t is a w fu l th ese days.
about? (think) 7 D o we need / Are we needing to g o s h o p p in g today?
8 T h e d ie t in m y c o u n t r y _________ w o rs e , (get) 8 C a n I c a ll y o u b a c k ? I have / I ’m having lu n c h r ig h t n o w .
9 H o w o f t e n _________ y o u __________s e a fo o d ? (eat) 9 i d id n 't u se to lik e o ily fis h , b u t n o w I love / I ’m loving it!
10 I _________ u s u a lly __________ fis h , (n o t c o o k ) 10 W h a t do you cook / areyou cooking? It sm e lls de licio u s!
IB GRAMMAR BANK
future forms - going to sh ow s th at you have m ade a decision.
We’re going to get married nextyear.
be g o in g to + base form
- the present continuous em phasizes that you have made
future plans and intentions 1 17))) the arrang em en ts. We’re getting married on October 12th.
(= w e've o rd e re d the in v ita tio n s , etc.)
M y siste r’s going to adopt a ch ild .
• W e often use the present continuous w ith verbs relating
Are you going to buy a new' ca r o r a used one?
to tra ve l arra n g em e n ts, e.g., go, come, arrive, leave, etc.
I’m not going to go to N e w Y o r k C it y to m o rro w . T h e I’mgoing to Tokyo tomorrow and coming back on Tuesday.
m eeting is canceled.
w ill + b ase form
predictions 1 18)))
T h e Yankees are going to win. T h e y 're p la y in g re a lly w ell. instant decisions, promises, offers, predictions, 1 20)))
future facts, suggestions
L o o k at those b la ck clouds. I th in k it ’s going to rain.
I’l l have the steak, (in stan t decision)
• W e use going to ( N O T will / won’t) w h e n we have alre a d y I won’t tell a n y b o d y w h e re yo u are. (p ro m ise)
decided to d o so m e th in g . N O T My sister will adop rcrchikh I’l l carry that bag fo r you. (offer)
• W e a ls o use going to to m ake a p re d ic tio n a b o u t the fu ture, Y o u ’ ll lo v e N ew Y o rk C ity ! (prediction)
especially w hen you can see o r have som e evidence I’l l b e hom e a ll afternoon, (future fact)
(e.g., b la c k clouds). I’ll have the steak.
p re se n t co n tin u o u s: b e + verb + -in g
future arrangements 1 19)))
L o rn a and James are getting m arried in O ctober.
We’re meeting at 10:00 to m o rro w in ja ck 's office.
Jane’s leaving on F rid a y and coming back next Tuesday. W e use will / won’t ( N O T the sim ple present) fo r instant decisions,
prom ises, offers, and suggestions. N O T Icarry that bagforyou.
• W e often use the present continuous fo r future arrangem ents.
• W e ca n a lso use will / won’t fo r p re d ic tio n s , e.g., I think the
• There is very little difference betw een the present continuous Yankees will win, and to ta lk ab o u t fu tu re facts, e.g., The
election will be on March 1st.
and going to fo r fu tu re p la n s / a rra n g em e n ts, and o fte n you
can use either.
a (C irc le ) the c o rre c t fo rm . C h e c k / the b C o m p le t e B ’s r e p lie s w it h a c o r r e c t f u t u r e f o r m .
sentence i f b o th are p ossib le.
A W h a t's y o u r stepm other goin g to do about her car?
M y g ra n d p a ren ts are going to retire / will retire
B S h e ’s going to buy a u se d one, (buy)
next year. /
1 A I’m g o in g to m iss you.
1 We’Uinvite / We’re going to in v ite y o u r B D o n 't w o r r y . I p r o m is e I _________ e v e ry day. (w rite )
parents fo r Sunday lunch? 2 A W h a t are A la n 's plans fo r the future?
B H e _________ a d e g re e in e n g in e e rin g , (earn)
2 I’m going to m ake / I ’ll m ake a c a k e fo r y o u r
3 A C a n I see you tonight?
m om 's b irthd ay, i f you w ant. B N o , I _________ la te . H o w a b o u t S a tu rd a y ? (w o rk )
3 I ’m not having / I ’m not going to have d in n e r 4 A W h a t w ou ld you lik e fo r an appetizer?
B I _________ th e s h r im p , p le a se , (have)
w ith m y fa m ily tonight.
5 A T h e r e ’s n o t h in g in th e r e fr ig e r a to r .
4 T h e e x a m will be / is being o n th e la s t F r id a y B O K . _________ w e __________s o m e ta k e -o u t M e x ic a n fo o d ? (get)
o f the semester. 6 A I d o n ’t have an y m oney, so I ca n 't go out.
B N o p r o b le m , I _________ y o u s o m e , (le n d )
5 Y o u c a n tru s t m e. I ’m not telling / 1won’t tell
7 A C a n we have a barbecue tom orrow ?
anyone w hat you told me. B I d o n ’t t h in k so. O n th e r a d io th e y s a id th a t i t _________ . (ra in )
6 M y c o u s in is arriving / will arrive at 5 :30 p.m . 8 A W e la n d at about eight o ’clock.
7 I t h in k th e b ir t h r a t e will go down / is going to B _________ y o u __________a r id e f r o m th e a ir p o r t ? (need)
go down in m y c o u n try in the n ext few years.
8 I ’m not going to go / I won’t go to m y b ro th e r-
in -la w ’s p a rty next w eekend.
9 I ’m going to help / I ’ll help y o u w it h th e dishes.
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2A
present perfect and simple past s im p le p a s t (w o r k e d , s to p p e d , w e n t, h a d , e tc .)
present perfect: h a v e / h a s + past participle (w o rk e d , s e e n , etc.) T h ey got m a rrie d last year. 1 43)))
1 past experiences 1 42))) W h a t tim e did yo u wake up th is m o rn in g ?
I’ve been to M ia m i b u t l haven’t been to Tam pa.
I didn’t have tim e to d o m y h o m e w o rk .
H a v e you ever lo s t you r credit card?
• Use the sim ple past for fin ish ed past actions
S a lly has never met B i l l ’s ex-w ife. (w hen we say, ask, o r k n o w w hen they happened).
2 with yet and already (for emphasis) p re se n t p e rfe c t or sim p le p a st? 1 44)))
l ’ v e a lre a dJy s e e n th is m o v ie tw ic e . C a n ’t w e w a tc h a n o th e r one? I’ve been to M ia m i tw ice .
M y brother h a s n ’t fo u n d a job yet. H e's s till looking.
(= in m y lif e u p to now )
H a v e you fin is h e d you r hom ew ork yet? N o, not yet.
I went there in 1998 and 2002.
1 W e use the present perfect for past experiences w hen we don't say exactly
when they happened. (= o n tw o s p e c ific o ccasio n s)
• W e o fte n use ever and never w h e n w e ask o r ta lk ab o ut past • U se the sim ple past ( N O T the present perfect)
experiences. T h e y go before the m ain verb. to ask o r talk about fin ish ed actions in the past,
2 In A m e rican E nglish , we use the present perfect and the sim ple past w ith when the time is mentioned or understood.
yet and already. W e o fte n use a past tim e e x p re ss io n , e.g.,
• already is used in 0 sentences and goes before the m a in verb.
• yet is used w ith Q senten ces an d [?]. It goes at the end o f the p h rase. yesterday, last week, etc.
• F o r ir r e g u la r past p a rtic ip le s see I r r e g u l a r v e r b s p.165.
a C o m p le te the m in i d ia lo g u e s w ith the b R ig h t o r w ro n g? W rite a check / o r an /
next to the sentences. C o rre c t the w ro n g
present p erfect fo rm o f the verb in sentences.
parenth eses and an adverb fro m the list.
You can use the adverbs m ore th an once. I ’ve n e v e r b e e n in d e b t. </
already ever never yet H o w m uch has you r new cam era cost? X
A _________ y o u __________ th e How much didyour new camera cost?
lo t t e r y _________ ? (play)
1 D e a n in h e rite d $ 5 ,0 0 0 fro m a relative.
B T h a t's w h y I’m s m ilin g - 1w o n $50!
2 D id y o u r sister pay you b a ck yet?
1 A _________ y o u _____________________a f lig h t o n lin e ? (b o o k )
3 W e booked o u r vacation o n lin e a
B Yes, o f course. I’ve done it m a n y tim es. m o n th ago.
2 A W h e n are you goin g to bu y a m otorcycle? 4 W h e n have you b ought that leather jacket?
B S o o n . I ___________________ a lm o s t $ l, 0 0 0 . (save)
5 T h e y 'v e fin ish e d p a yin g back the lo an last
3 A _________ y o u __________ th e e le c t r ic it y b i l l _________ ? (pay) m onth.
B N o , sorry. I forgot.
6 W e h a v e n ’t p a id th e g a s b i l l yet.
4 A _________ y o u r p a r e n t s ____________________ y o u m o n e y ? (le n d )
B Yes, but I paid it back as so o n as I could. 7 H ave you ever w asted a lo t o f m oney on
som ething?
5 A H ow does eBay w ork?
8 I’m sure I haven’t b o rro w e d any m oney
B I d o n ’t k n o w . I ______________________________it. (use) fro m you last week.
6 A _________ y o u _____________________to T h a ila n d ? (be) 9 I spent m y salary re a lly q u ick ly last m onth.
B N o , I h a ven ’t. B u t I'd lik e to so m e day. 10 H ave you seen the B atm an m ovie on T V
7 A W h y d o n 't you have any m oney? p yesterday?
B I ___________________ m y sa la ry . I b o u g h t a n e w ta b le t < .!6
last w eek, (spend)
8 A D o you lik e H ugh Jackm an?
B Y e s, I ___________________ h is n e w m o v ie tw ic e ! (see)
2B GRAMMAR BANK
present perfect + for/since, present perfect continuous 1 W e use the present perfect continuous w ith /o r
present perfect + fo r / since and since w ith a c t io n v e r b s (e.g., learn, work, go,
T h e y ’ve known each other fo r ten years. 1 47))) etc.) to ta lk about actio n s that started in the past
and are s till true now.
Julia h a s h a d that bag since she w as in college.
• D o n 't use the present continuous w ith /o r/
A H o w lo n g h a v e you worked here?
since, N O T l am working h e re fo r twoyears.
B Since 1996. 2 W e can also use the present perfect continuous
A H o w long h a s you r brother h a d h is m otorcycle? fo r continuous o r repeated actions that have been
B F o r about a year. happening very recently. T h e actions have usually
just finished.
• W e use the pre se n t p e rfe c t + for o r since w it h n o n a c t io n v e r b s (e.g., like, I’ve (I have) been working here
have, know, etc.) to ta lk ab o u t s o m e th in g th a t sta rte d in the past a n d is You’ve (You have) for two years.
He / She / It’s (He has)
still true now. We’ve (We have)
They’ve (They have)
They’ve known each otherfo r tenyears. (= they m et ten years ago, and they
I haven’t (I have not) been working here
s till know each other today) You haven’t for two years.
He / She / It hasn't
• W e use How long...? + present perfect to ask about an u n fin ish e d p eriod We haven’t
They haven’t
o f tim e (from the past u n til now).
Have you been working Yes, No,
• W e usefo r + a p e rio d o f tim e , e.g.,fo r two weeks, o r since + a p o in t o f tim e, here for two years?
e.g., since 1990. 1 have. 1haven’t.
Has she been working
• D o n 't use the sim p le present w ith fo r / since, N O T They know each other here for two years? Yes, No,
f o r n Iongtime. she has. she hasn’t.
present perfect continuous: have / h a s b e e n + verb + -ing
1 H o w lo n g have you been learning E n g lis h ? 1 48)))
N ic k has been working here since A p ril.
T h e y ’ve been going out together fo r about th ree years. work and live
2 Y o u r eyes are red. Have you been crying? Work and live are often used in either present
N o , I’ve been cutting o n io n s. perfect or present perfect continuous with
the same meaning.
I’ve lived here since 1980.
I’ve been living here since 1980.
a C o rre c t the m istakes. b M a k e sentences w ith the present p erfect o r present
p e rfe c t c o n tin u o u s (a n d /o r / since i f necessary). U s e the
H a r r y is u nem ployed since last year.
present p e rfe ct c o n tin u o u s if possib le.
Harry has been unemployed since lasty ear
I / w o rk fo r a c h a rity / eight years
1 W e've had o u r new ap artm en t since six m onths.
2 H i, Jackie! H o w are you ? I d o n ’t see you fo r ages! I ’ve been workingf o r a charityf o r eightyears.
3 H o w long are you k n o w in g you r husband?
4 E m ily has been a volunteer for ten years ago. 1 we / know each other / we w ere ch ild re n
5 P a u l doesn’t eat a n y th in g since yesterday because he's sick. 2 the ch ild re n / play com puter gam es / tw o hours
6 It h a sn 't ra in e d s in c e tw o m o n th s. 3 y o u r sister / have th at h a irsty le / a long tim e?
7 H o w long has yo u r parents been m arried? 4 1/ love her / the firs t day w e met
8 T h e y ’re h avin g th e ir dog since they got m arried. 5 m y Internet co n n ectio n / not w o rk / yesterday
9 I h a v e n ’t g o tte n a n y e m a ils f r o m m y b r o th e r fo r 6 h o w long / you / w ait?
7 I / be a teacher / three years
last w inter. 8 it / s n o w / f iv e o ’c lo c k t h is m o r n in g
10 M y g ra n d m o th e r liv e s in the sam e house a ll h er life. 9 Sam / n o t study enough / recently
10 y o u / liv e in C h ic a g o / a lo n g tim e?
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comparatives and superlatives: comparing tw o actions
adjectives and adverbs
1 M y father drives faster than me. 2 12)))
comparing tw o people, places, things, etc. Y o u w a lk more quickly th an l do.
A tla n ta played w orse today than la st week.
1 M y sister is a little taller than me. 2 ID))
2 M a x do esn 't sp eak E n g lis h as well as h is w ife does.
San Fran cisco is more expensive than Chicago. I don't earn as much as m y boss.
T h is test is less difficult than the la st one.
O live o il is better fo r you than butter. 1 W e use co m p a rative adverbs to com pare tw o actio ns.
2 T h e ne w sofa isn 't as comfortable as the • R eg u la r com parative adverbs: sp e llin g rules
old one. fast >faster slowly > m ore slowly carefully > m ore carefully
• Irregu lar com paratives:
I don 't have as many b o o ks as Iused to.
well > better badly > worse
1 W e use com parative adjectives to com pare tw o 2 W e ca n a lso use (not) as + adverb + as to m ake c o m p a riso n s,
people, places, th in g s, etc.
• R e g u la r com parative adjectives: sp e llin g rules superlatives
old > older big > bigger easy > easier
modem > m ore modern difficult > m ore difficul K e v in is the tallest player o n the team . 2 13)))
T o kyo is the most expensive city in the w orld.
• Irre g u la r com parative adjectives: T h e sm a ll bag is the least expensive.
L u cy is the best student in the class.
good > better bad > worse fa r >farther / W h o dresses the most stylishly in y o u r fa m ily ?
further T h a t's the worst w e’ve ever played.
• O n e -s y lla b le a d jectives e n d in g in -ed:
bored > m ore bored stressed > m ore stressed
tired > m ore tired
• W e use superlative adjectives and adverbs to com pare people, th in g s, o r
2 W e c a n a lso use (not) as + a d jective + as to m ake
actions w ith a ll o f th eir group.
com parisons.
• F o rm su p e rla tive s lik e c o m p a rative s, b u t use -est in ste ad o f -er and most /
f j Object pronouns (me, him, etc.) after than least in ste ad o f more / less.
and as
After than or as we can use an object pronoun • W e u s u a lly use the before su perlatives, b u t you can a lso use possessive
(me, him, her, etc.) or a subject pronoun (/, he, adjectives, e.g., my bestfriend, their most famous song.
she, etc.) + auxiliary verb.
She’s taller than me. OR She’s taller than I am. • W e o fte n use a su p e rla tive w ith present p e rfe c t + ever, e.g., It’s the best
NOT -ShHs-tatler-thafrl. book I’ve ever read.
They're not as busy as us. OR They’re not as
busy as we are. NOT -Tkey-'fe-not -aslousy-as-we. P in after superlatives
the same as Use in (NOT of) before places after a superlative.
We use the same as to say th a t two people, It’s the longest bridge in the world. NOT o f th e world
places, things, etc. are identical. It’s the best beach in Florida. NOT of Florida
Her dress is the same as mine.
136 a C o m p le te w ith the co m p a rative o r su p e rlative o f the b C o m p le te w ith one w ord.
bold w o rd (and than i f nece ssary). G o in g by m o to rb o a t is more e x c itin g th a n tra ve lin g
W h a t ’s thefastest w a v t o g e t a ro u n d M ia m i? fast by ferry.
1 I t h in k s k iin g i s _________ h o rs e b a c k r id in g , easy 1 A b u s is n ’t a s c o m f o r t a b le ______a tr a in .
2 A m o to r c y c le i s _________ a s c o o te r, powerful 2 I t’s ______m o s t e x p e n s iv e c a r w e ’ve e v e r b o u g h t.
3 T h e t r a f f ic w a s w o r s e ______w e e x p e cte d .
3 I t h in k th a t t r a v e lin g b y t r a in i s _________ fo r m o f 4 T h i s is th e lo n g e s t t r ip I ’v e ______b e e n o n.
5 H e g e ts h o m e la te , b u t h is w ife a r r iv e s la te r t h a n _____
tra n sp o rtatio n , relaxing 6 T h e ______in te r e s t in g p la c e I ’v e e v e r v is it e d is V e n ic e .
4 Y o u w a lk _________ I d o. slowly 7 I leave h o m e at th e sa m e t im e ______m y b ro th e r.
5 _________ tim e t o tra v e l is o n h o lid a y w e e k e n d s , bad 8 H e d r iv e s ______c a r e f u lly th a n h is g ir lf r ie n d - he's
6 _________ I've e v e r d r iv e n is f r o m W a s h in g t o n , D . C . to never had an accident.
9 W e d o n 't g o a b r o a d ______o fte n a s w e u se d to.
C h ica g o , far 10 W h a t 's th e lo n g e s t f r e e w a y _____ th e U S ?
7 T h e L o n d o n U n d e r g r o u n d i s _________ th e s u b w a y in < p .2 6
N e w Y o r k C it y , old
8 T h i s i s _________ b u s I've e ve r b e e n o n . hot
9 O f a ll m y fa m ily , m y m o m i s _________ d r iv e r , good
3B GRAMMAR BANK
articles: a /a n , the, no article 2 17))) • W e use the:
a / an 1 w hen we ta lk about som ething w e’ve already m entioned.
1 I saw an old man w ith a dog. 2 w hen it's cle ar w h at you're re fe rrin g to.
2 It's a nice house. She's a lawyer. 3 w hen there's o n ly one o f som ething.
3 W h a t an awful day!
4 I have cla sse s th re e tim e s a week. 4 w ith places in a to w n , e.g., movies and theater.
5 w ith superlatives.
• W e use a / an w ith sin g u la r countable nouns: no a rticle 2 19)))
1 the first tim e you m ention a th ing / person. 1 Women u su a lly ta lk m o re th a n men
2 w hen you say w hat som ething is o r what Love is m ore im p o rta n t th an money
som ebody does. 2 She's not at home today.
I get back from work at 5:30.
3 in e x cla m a tio n s w ith W hat...!
3 I never have breakfast.
4 in expressions o f frequency. 4 See you next Friday.
th e 2 18))) • W e don't use an article:
1 l saw an o ld m a n w ith a dog. 1 when we are speaking in general (w ith plural and uncountable nouns).
The dog w as barking. C om pare:
2 M y fa th e r opened the door. I loveflo w er s . (= flo w e rs in general)
The children are at school. I love th eflo w ers in my garden. (= the s p e c ific flo w e rs in m y garden)
2 w ith som e n o u n s, (e.g., home, work, school) a fte r at / to Ifrom .
3 The moon goes around the Earth.
4 I'm g o in g to the movies tonight. 3 before m eals, days, and m onths.
5 It's the best re sta u ra n t in to w n .
4 b e fo re next / last + day, w eek, etc.
a (Circle) the correct answers. b C o m p le t e w it h a / an, the, o r - (= n o a r tic le ) .
I lo v e (w edding)/ the weddings!
A W e ’re lost. L e t’s stop and b u y a m ap.
1 Jess is nurse / a nurse in a h o s p ita l. A hospital / B N o need. I 'll p u t the ad dress in the G P S .
The hospital is fa r fro m her house.
1 A H o w o ft e n d o y o u g o t o ______g y m ?
2 W h a t a horrible day / horrible dayl W e 'll B A b o u t th re e t im e s ______w e e k . B u t I n e v e r
have to have o u r p ic n ic in the car / a car. g o o n _________ F rid a y s .
3 M y w ife lik e s love stories / the love stories, ^
b u t I p re fe r the war movies / war movies. A W h a t t im e d o e s ______t r a in leave?
4 W e g o to theater / the theater about B In te n m in u te s . C a n y o u g iv e m e ______r id e t o ______ s ta tio n ?
once a month / once the month.
^ A W h a t ______b e a u t if u l d re ss !
5 I’m h a v in g dinner / the dinner w ith som e
frie n d s the next Friday / next Friday. B T h a n k s . I b o u g h t it o n ______s a le ______ la s t m o n th .
6 M y b o y fr ie n d is c h e f / a chef. I t h in k h e ’s 4 A W h a t ’s ______m o s t in te r e s t in g p la c e to v is it in y o u r to w n ?
the best cook I best cook in the w orld .
B P r o b a b ly _____ m u s e u m . I t’s _______o ld e s t b u ild in g in to w n .
7 I’m n o t su re i f I clo se d the windows /
windows b e fo re I le ft the hom e / home 5 A W h a t s h o u ld w e d o ______n e x t w e e k e n d ?
B L e t ’s in v it e s o m e fr ie n d s f o r ______lu n c h . W e c o u ld e at o u ts id e
th is m ornin g. i n ______y a rd .
8 In ge n era l, I lik e dogs / the dogs, b u t I d o n ’t 6 A D o y o u l ik e ______d o g s?
lik e dogs I the dogs th at liv e n e xt d o o r to m e.
B N o t re a lly . I p r e f e r ______ca ts. I t h in k th e y ’r e ______ b e s t p e ts.
9 I got to the school / school late e ve ry day
the last week / last week. A Is y o u r m o m ______ h o u s e w ife ?
10 I th in k happiness / the happiness is m o re B N o , sh e ’s ______te a ch e r. S h e ’s a lw a y s t ir e d w h e n she g e ts h o m e
im p o rt a n t th a n success / the success. f r o m ______w o r k .
8 A H a v e y o u e v e r h a d ______p r o b le m in y o u r r e la tio n s h ip ?
B Y e s, b u t w e g o t o v e r ______p r o b le m , a n d w e g o t m a r r ie d ______
last year.
9 A W h e n i s _____ m e e tin g ?
B T h e y 'v e c h a n g e d ______date. I t 's ______ n e x t T u e s d a y now .
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can, could, be able to (ability and possibility) Could you open the door
for me, please?
can / co u ld
1 W e use be able to +base fo rm fo r a b ility and
I can speak three languages fluently. 2 34)))
Jenny can’t co m e to n ig h t. S h e's sick. possibility, especially where there is no form o f
M y co u sin could play the v io lin w hen she w as three.
T h e y couldn’t w a it because th ey w ere in a h u rry . can, e.g., fu tu re , pre se n t p e rfe ct, in fin it iv e and
Could you o pen the d o o r fo r me, please?
gerund, etc.
• can is a m o d a l verb. It o n ly ha s a p re se n t fo rm (w h ic h can be used w ith
fu tu re m e a n in g ) and a past o r c o n d itio n a l fo rm (could). 2 W e s o m e tim e s use be able to in the present and
past (instead o f can / could), u s u a lly i f w e w a n t to
• F o r a ll o th e r tenses and fo rm s , w e use be able to + base fo rm .
be m ore form al.
be able to + base form
1 L u k e has been able to s w im sin ce he w as th ree. 2 35)))
I'd lik e to be able to ski.
I love being able to stay in bed late on S u nday m o rn in g .
Y o u ’l l be able to p ractice y o u r E n g lis h in the U S .
2 Fortunately, I am a b le to accept you r in vitation .
M y co lle a g u e s weren’t able to co m e to yesterday's m eeting .
a C o m p le te w ith th e c o rre c t fo r m o f be able to ( 0 , E L b (C irc le ) the c o rre ct fo rm . C h e c k / i f b o th are p o ssib le.
or[?]). I ’ve a lw a y s w a n te d to can /(be a b le lcjid a n ce salsa.
1 M y lit t le b o y couldn't / wasn’t able to s p e a k u n t il he w as
I’ve never been able to scu b a dive.
a lm o st tw o years old.
1 H e r ce ll phone has been turned o ff a ll m o rn in g , so I
ta lk to h er vet. 2 S h e ’s m u c h b e tte r a fte r h e r o p e ra tio n . S h e ’ l l can /
be able to w a lk a g a in in a few m o n th s.
2 I d o n 't lik e n o is y re s ta u ra n ts . I l i k e _________________
have a co nversation w ith o u t shouting. 3 H e h asn 't could / been able to f ix m y b ik e yet. H e ’ll d o it
3 I _________________le a v e h o m e w h e n I get a job . tom orrow .
4 W e 'r e h a v in g a p a r t y n e x t S a tu r d a y ._________________
4 It’s the w eekend at last! I love can / being able to go o u t
y o u _________________c o m e ?
5 Y o u n e e d ________________ s w im b e fo re y o u c a n g o in a w ith m y friends.
canoe. 5 W h e n w e liv e d o n the co ast, w e used to can / be able to
6 I'm g o in g to Fran ce n e xt w eek, but I d o n 't speak
go to the beach every day.
F re n c h . I h a t e _________________c o m m u n ic a t e w it h
people. 6 I c a n ’t / ’m not able to se n d a n y e m a ils r ig h t n o w .
7 F o r t u n a te ly , f ir e f ig h t e r s _________________re s c u e a ll o f
the people trapped in side the b u rn in g house. M y co m p u te r isn ’t w o rk in g .
8 I ’m v e r y s o r r y , b u t w e _________________g o to y o u r
w e d d in g next m onth. W e 'll be o n vacation. 7 I could I was able to re a d b e fo re I s ta rte d s c h o o l.
9 I'm fe e lin g a lit t le w o r s e ._________________y o u 8 W e w o n ’t can / be able to go o n v a c a tio n th is year
_________________c o n ta c t th e d o c t o r yet?
10 T h e m a n a g e r ________________ see y o u r ig h t n o w because we need to spend a lo t o f m oney o n the house.
because he's in a m eeting.
9 L in d a hasn't been able to / couldiih fin d a job.
10 A le x can / is able to sp e a k K o re a n flu e n tly a fte r liv in g
in S e o u l fo r ten years.
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4B GRAMMAR BANK
have to, must, should d o n 't have to
have t o / m u s t (+ base form) Y o u don’t have to pay - th is m u se u m is free. 2 4 3 )))
1 Y o u have to w ear a seat b e lt in the car. 2 4 2 ))) Y o u don’t have to go to the p a rty i f yo u d o n ’t w a n t to.
D o yo u have to w o r k o n S a turd ays? m ust not
I had to w ea r a u n ifo rm at m y elem entary school.
I’ l l have t o get up early to m o rro w . M y in te rv ie w is a t 9:00. Y ou must not park here. 2 44)))
2 Y o u must be on tim e to m o rro w because there's a test.
Y ou must rem em ber to ca ll E m ily - it's her birthday. • W e use don’t have to w h e n there is n o o b lig a tio n to do
s o m e th in g , a n d must not w h e n s o m e th in g is p ro h ib ite d .
3 I love the L o u v re ! Y o u have t o go w h e n you 're in Paris.
• don’t have to an d must not are c o m p le te ly d iffe re n t. C o m p a re :
Y o u must see th is m ovie —it's am azing! You don't have to drive - we can take a train. (= Y o u can d riv e i f
• have to and must are u s u a lly used to ta lk a b o u t o b lig a tio n o r y o u w a n t to, b u t it ’s n o t n e ce ssa ry / o b lig ato ry.)
som ething that is necessary to do. You must not drive along this street. (= It's p ro h ib ite d , against
the law, N O T Yo u don’t-kaveto-drive along this street.)
1 have to is a n o rm a l verb a n d it e x ists in a ll tenses a n d fo rm s , • Y ou ca n o fte n use can’t o r not allowed to in stead o f must not.
You must not /can ’t / ’re not allow ed to park here.
e.g., a lso as a g e ru n d o r in fin it iv e .
s h o u ld / s h o u ld n 't (+ b a s e fo rm )
2 must is a m o d a l verb. It o n ly e x ists in the present, b u t it ca n be
Y o u should take w a rm clo th es w ith you to Q u ito . 2 45)))
used w ith a future m eaning.
It m ig h t be cold at night.
3 Y o u ca n a lso use have to o r must fo r stro n g re co m m e n d a tio n s.
Y o u shouldn’t d r in k so m u c h coffee. It is n ’t g o o d fo r you.
P have to or must?
Have to and must have a very similar meaning, and you I th in k the g o v e rn m e n t should d o so m e th in g about
can usually use either form.
Have to is more common for general, external obligations, unem ploym ent.
for example rules and laws.
Must is more common for specific (i.e., on one occasion) • should is n o t as stro n g as must / have to. W e use it to give advice
or personal obligations. Compare:
I have to wear a shirt and tie a t work. (= It’s the rule in this o r an o p in io n - to say i f we th in k som ething is the rig h t or
company.) w rong th in g to do.
I must buy a new shirt - this one is too old now. (= It’s my
own decision.) • should is a m o d a l verb. T h e o n ly fo rm s are should / shouldn’t.
have got to
Have got to is often used instead of have to in spoken
English, e.g., I’ve got to go now. It's very late.
a C o m p le t e w i t h th e c o r r e c t f o r m o f have to ( 0 , Q , o r [7]). b (^C i r c l e ) th e c o r r e c t f o r m . C h e c k / i f b o t h
I’ll have to c a ll b a c k la te r b e ca u se th e lin e 's b u sy. 0
are p ossib le.
1 P a s s e n g e r s _________ t u r n o f f t h e ir la p to p s d u r in g t a k e - o f f Q
2 _________ y o u __________d o a lo t o f h o m e w o r k w h e n y o u w e re in Y o u don’t have to /(jnust'nop use y o u r p h o n e
s c h o o l? CO in quiet zones.
3 M y s is te r is a n u rs e , s o s o m e w e e k s s h e _________ w o r k n ig h t s . 0
4 _________ y o u e v e r __________h a v e a n o p e r a t io n ? [7] 1 D o y o u t h in k w e should j have to te xt D a d to
5 S a tu r d a y s a re th e b e s t d a y o f th e w e e k . I lo v e _________ g e t u p
te ll h im w e ’ll be late?
early. Q
6 I _________ leave a m essage o n h e r v o ic e m a il beca u se sh e w a s n ’t in . 0 2 Y o u d o n 't have to / must not send text
7 In th e fu tu re , p e o p le _________ go to sc h o o l; t h e y 'll a ll s tu d y at
m essages w hen you are drivin g .
home. G
8 W it h o ld c e ll p h o n e s , y o u u s e d t o _________ c h a rg e th e b a tte r y 3 A p ilo t has to / must w e a r a u n if o r m w h e n
m ore often. 0 he’s at w ork.
9 _________ y o u r b o y fr ie n d _________ a n sw e r h is w o r k e m a ils o n
4 Y o u shouldn’t / must not ta lk o n y o u r c e ll
w eekends? |T]
10 T h e e x h ib it io n w a s fre e , s o I _________ pay. QJ phone w h e n you're f illin g up the ca r w ith gas.
5 I have to / should sp eak to m y phone
com pany. M y last b ill w as w rong.
6 W e d o n 't have to / shouldn't h u rry . W e have
plenty o f tim e.
< p .39
Online Practice 139
5A
past tenses p a s t p e rfe ct: h a d + p a st p a rticip le
sim p le past: w orked, stopped , w e n t, had, e tc. W h e n they tu rn e d o n the TV, the gam e had a lre a d y 3 12)))
finished.
She was b o rn in Seoul. 3 10))) A s soon as I shut the door, I re a lize d that I’d left m y keys on
They got m arried last year. the table.
O n the w ay to R om e we stopped in Flo ren ce fo r the night. W e c o u ld n ’t get a table in the re sta u ra n t because w e hadn’t
booked one.
T h e p lane didn’t arrive o n tim e.
W h a t tim e did yo u get up th is m o rn in g ?
• W e use the sim ple past fo r fin ish ed actions in the past (when • W e use the past perfect w hen we are ta lk in g about the past
we say, ask, o r kn o w w hen they happened). and we w ant to talk about an earlier past action. Com pare:
• R e m e m b e r Irregular verbs p. 165. When John arrived, they went out. (= f ir s t Jo h n a rriv e d and
p a s t co n tin u o u s: w as / w e re + v e rb + -in g then they w ent out)
When John arrived, they had g on e out. (= they w e n t o u t before
John arrived)
1 W h a t were yo u doing at s ix o ’c lo c k la st n ig h t? 3 ID)) u sin g n a rra tiv e te n s e s to g e th e r
2 1was driving along the freew ay w hen it started snow ing. It w as a cold n ig h t and it was raining. 1was 3 13 )))
3 W h ile 1was doing the h o u s e w o rk the c h ild r e n were
watching T V in the liv in g room . Su dden ly 1heard a knock
playing in the yard.
4 It w as a co ld n ig h t and it was raining. I was watching T V at the d o o r. 1got up an d opened the d o o r. B u t there was
in the liv in g room ... nobody there. T h e person w h o had knocked on the d o o r
had disappeared...
1 W e use the past continuous to talk about an action in progress • U se the past c o n tin u o u s (was mining, was watching) to set
at a sp e cific tim e in the past.
the scene.
2 W e often use the past continuous to describe a past action in
progress that w as interru pted by another action (expressed in • U se the s im p le past (heard, got up, etc.) to say w h a t happened.
the sim p le past). • U se the past perfect (had knocked, had disappeared) to say
3 W e o fte n use the p a st c o n tin u o u s w ith while fo r tw o a c tio n s w hat happened before the previous past action.
happening at the same tim e.
4 W e often use the past continuous to describe the b eg in n in g o f
a story o r anecdote.
a >th e c o r r e c t f o r m . b C o m p le te w ith the sim p le past, past co n tin u o u s, o r
T h e teacher gave R o b b ie a zero because he cheated / past perfect.
<Juld~cheate$> o n th e e xam .
1 T h e y d id n ’t w in th e g a m e a lth o u g h th e y were training / T h e m a ra th o n r u n n e r was sweating w h e n she crossed
had trained e ve ry evening.
2 M ik e h a d a n a c c id e n t w h ile he drove / was driving the fin is h line, (sweat, cross)
1 T h e a c c id e n t _________ w h e n t h e y __________h o m e .
to w ork.
(happen, drive)
3 I cleaned / had cleaned the house w h en I g ot hom e. It 2 T h e c r o w d _________ w h e n th e r e fe r e e __________ th e
lo o ked great. fin a l w histle, (cheer, blow )
3 I _________ h e r a t f ir s t b e c a u s e s h e __________ s o m u ch .
4 W h e n w e a rriv e d , the gam e started / had started. W e go
(not recognize, change)
there just in tim e and saw the w hole game! 4 T h e p o lic e _________ h e r o n th e fre e w a y b e ca u se she
5 T h e c a p ta in didn’t score / hadn’t scored a n y g o a ls w h e n _________ a se a t b e lt, (sto p , n o t w e a r)
5 S o m e o f th e p la y e r s _________ w h ile th e c o a c h ________
the referee ejected h im .
to them , (not listen, talk)
6 M y son got in ju re d w h ile he played / wasplaying 6 W e _________ use th e s k i s lo p e b e c a u s e i t __________
basketball last Saturday. enough, (not can, not snow)
7 T h e y _________ p la y t e n n is b e c a u s e t h e y __________ a
7 L u c k ily , w e stopped / had stopped s k iin g w hen the
co u rt, (not able to, n o t book)
sn o w sto rm started. W e w ere alre a d y ba ck at the hotel. 8 T h e p la y e r _________ a y e llo w c a rd b e ca u se h e ________
8 T h e L a k e rs w eren’t losing / h a d n ’t lost a n y o f th e ir h is s h irt, (get, take o ff)
gam es d u rin g th eir trip to the E ast Coast. < p .4 6
9 T h e referee su sp e n d e d th e g a m e b e ca u se it was mining /
mined to o h ard to play.
5B GRAMMAR BANK
present and past habits and states: usually and used to used to or s im p le p a s t?
We can use used to or simple past for
1 I usually get up at 8:00 d u rin g the week. 3 17))) repeated actions or states, and the meaning
is the same.
I don’t normally go out d u rin g the week. I used to live in Miami as a child. / I liv e d In
Miami as a child.
H o u se s in the su b u rb s usually have yards. But if the action happened only once, or we
mention exact dates or number of times, we
Do you normally walk to w ork? have to use simple past.
I went to Paris last year. NOT / used to go to
2 W e used to go to the beach fo r o u r vacations w hen I w as a child. Paris last year.
Jack caught the train to Chicago four times
H e didn’t use to do any exercise, b u t n o w he r u n s m a ra th o n s. last week. NOT Jack used to catch the train to
Chicago four times last week.
I never used to like hockey, b u t I w a tch it every w eek now.
anymore and any longer
W e used to be close friends, but we don 't ta lk to each o th e r anym ore. We often use not...anymore / any longer
(= not now) with the simple present to
T h a t b u ild in g used to be a restaurant, but it closed d o w n la st year. contrast with used to.
I used to go to the gym, but I don't (go)
Did they use to live d o w n to w n ? anymore / any longer.
Didn’t you use to have lo n g h a ir? be used to and get used to
Don't confuse used to / didn't use to (do
1 F o r presen t h a b its w e ca n use usually o r normally + s im p le present. something) with be used to or get used to
N O T I used to get tip at 8:00. (doing something).
I am used to getting up early every day.
2 F o r past h a b its w e use used to / didn’t use to + base form . (= I am accustomed to it. I always do it, so it is
• used to does n o t e x is t in the p resen t tense. N O T f t tse f o-get tip at 8:0 0 not a problem for me.)
during the week. Lola can't get used to living in the US.
• W e use used to fo r th in g s th a t w ere tru e o ve r a p e rio d o f tim e in the (= She can’t get accustomed to it. It is a
past. Used to o fte n refers to s o m e th in g th a t is n o t tru e now . problem for her.)
I used to play a lot o f sports. (= 1played a lo t o f s p o rts fo r a p e rio d o f tim e
in the past, b u t now' I d o n ’t.)
• used to I didn’t use to ca n be used w ith a c tio n verbs (e.g., go, do) and
n o n a c tio n verb s (e.g., be, have).
• W e can also use the sim ple past to describe past habits (often w ith an
adverb o f frequency).
W e (often) went to the beachfo r our vacations when I was a child.
I lived downtown until I got married.
a C o m p le t e w it h used to (0 . E l o r |T|) a n d a v e rb f r o m th e lis t. b A re the h ig h lig h te d verb fo rm s rig h t / o r
w ro n g X ? C o rre c t the w ro n g ones.
argue be get along go out have
like hve speak spend wear work S o n y a use to see M ic h a e l e v e ry day. X used
to see
S o n y a used to live in N e w Y o r k C it y , b u t la te r she m o v e d to
1 H is parents used to split up after he w as born.
N e w Jersey. 0 2 D o you u su a lly te ll a close frie n d about yo u r
1 W e _________ a lo t in c o m m o n , b u t n o w w e ’re c o m p le te ly
problem s?
different. 0 3 M y sister d id n 't use to w an t ch ild re n , but
2 I _________ m u c h tim e o n lin e , b u t n o w I’m a d d ic te d to F a c e b o o k . 0
3 _________ y o u r f ia n c e __________glasse s? H e lo o k s d iffe r e n t n o w . [T] now she has four!
4 I d id n 't used to like m y m ath teacher w hen 1
4 I _________ w it h m y c la s s m a te s , b u t n o w I s p e n d a ll m y t im e w it h
w as in school.
m y boyfriend . 0 5 T h e y used to go on vacation every year.
5 W h e r e _________ y o u r h u s b a n d __________b e fo re h e g o t th e jo b i n 6 T h a t couple has th ree kids, so they d o n ’t use
th e b a n k ? U] to go out at night.
6 M y s is te r lo s t a lo t o f w e ig h t. S h e _________ s o s lim . 0 7 W h ere d id you r parents use to m eet w hen
7 _________ y o u __________ a lo t w it h y o u r p a re n ts w h e n y o u w e re a they firs t w ent out?
te e n a g e r? [7] 8 M y husband use to w ork for a bank, but now
8 I _________ Jap an e se fo o d , b u t now ' I e at a lo t o f s u s h i. GO he's u nem ployed.
9 L a u r a _________ w e ll w ith h e r ro o m m a te , b u t n o w th e y d o n ’t ta lk to 9 W e love the theater. W e u s u a lly go to a play
each other. 0 at least once a m onth .
10 M y e x _________to m e, b u t n o w he c a lls m e a lo t. Q
< p .4 9
Online Practice 141
Food and cooking VOCABULARY BANK
1 FOOD 2 C O O KING
a M a tc h the w ord s and a M a tc h th e w o rd s and pictures.
p ictures. 4 b o ile d Zboild/ g rille d /grild/
frie d /fraid/
Fish and seafood roasted /roosttd/ steam ed /stim d/
1 crab/krteb/ baked /beikl/
m u sse ls /'mAslz/ b 13))) L is te n an d check.
s a lm o n /'stemon/ c H o w do you prefer these th in g s to
s h rim p JYim p/
be cooked?
s q u id /skwid/
eggs chicken
tu n a / 'tu n o /
potatoes fish
Meat
P Phrasal verbs
b e e f /hi f/ Learn th ese phrasal verbs connected
ch icke n tjikon/ w ith fo o d and diet.
duck/dAk/
la m b hum/ I eat out a lot because I don't really
p o rk /pork/ have time to cook.
(= eat in restaurants)
Fruits and vegetables I’m trying to cut down on coffee
right now. I'm only having one cup at
beet /bit/ breakfast. (= have less)
cabbage /'ktebid.y
ch e rries /'tjbriz/ The doctor told me I had very
cu cu m b e r /'kyukAm bar/ high cholesterol and that I should
eggp la n t /'egpkent/ completely cut out all high-fat cheese
and dairy products from my diet
(BritE a u b e rg in e ) (= eliminate)
grapes /greips/ < p .4
green be a n s /grin bin/7
lem on/dem on/
m a n g o /'majpgoo/
m e lo n 'melon/
p e a ch /pilJ7
p e a r /per/
raspb e rrie s /'rtezberiz/
red p e p p e r /red 'pepar/
zu c c h in i /zu'kini/
(B ritE co u rgette)
b 1 2)}) L is t e n a n d c h e c k .
c A r e th ere a n y th in g s in
the lis t that yo u ...?
a love
b hate
c have never tried
d A re there any o th e r k in d s
o f fish , m eat, o r fru its and
vegetables th a t are very
co m m o n in yo u r coun try?
Personality VOCABULARY BANK
1 W H A T A R E T H E Y LIKE? 2 O PPO SITES
a C o m p le te the d e fin itio n s w ith the adjectives. a M a tc h the ad jectives and th e ir o p p osite s.
affe c tionate /o'fekjbnat/ aggressive /o'grcsiv/ cheap /ifip / hardw o rking /h a rd 'w o rk ıŋ/
a m b itiou s/tem 'b ijb s/ anxious /'aenklos/ bossy /'bosi/ o u tgoing /'aotaooin/ self-confid e n t S elf 'kantddont/
charming /'tfa rm n y com petitive kom 'pctotiv/ stupid 'stupod/ talkative /'tokativ/
independent /indi'pendant/ jealous P d ^ ls s l —
moody "m udi/ rebellious /n'bd vo s/ reUable/n'laiobl/
selfish /'se lfif/ sensible /'sensabl/ sensitive /'sensativ/ Opposite
sociable /'soufobl/ spoiled /spoild/ stubborn /'stAbarn/
ge n e ro u s ____________
1 Selfish p e o p le th in k ab o ut th em selves and n o t about
in s e c u r e ____________
o th er people.
2 A ______________ p e r s o n a lw a y s w a n t s to w in . la zy ____________
3 ______________ c h ild r e n b e h a v e b a d ly b e c a u s e th e y are
qu iet ____________
given everyth in g they w ant.
4 A n ______________ p e r s o n g e ts a n g r y q u ic k ly a n d lik e s s h y ____________
fig h tin g and arguing. sm art ____________
5 ______________ p e o p le h a ve a n a t tr a c t iv e p e r s o n a lit y
b 1 24))) L is te n a n d c h e ck . T h e n c o v e r th e o p p o s ite s an d
and m ake people lik e them . test y o u rse lf.
6 A ______________ p e rs o n h a s c o m m o n s e n se a n d is
c W ith a p a rtn e r, lo o k at th e a d jectives a g a in in 1 and
p ra c tic a l.
7 A ______________ p e r s o n is f r ie n d ly a n d e n jo y s b e in g 2 . D o you th in k th ey are p o sitiv e , n egative, o r n e u tra l
ch a ra cte ristics?
w ith o ther people.
8 ______________ p e o p le a re o fte n w o r r ie d o r stre ss e d . 3 N EG A TIV E PREFIXES
9 A ______________ p e r s o n is h a p p y o n e m in u t e a n d sad
a W h ic h p re fix do y o u use w ith these adjectives? P u t
the next, and is often bad-tem pered.
10 ______________ p e o p le lik e d o in g t h in g s o n t h e ir o w n , th em in the c o rre c t co lu m n .
w ith o u t help. am bitious clean friendly honest imaginative
11 A ______________ p e r s o n lik e s g iv in g o r d e r s to o th e r kind matu re organized p a tie n t reliable
responsible selfish sensitive sociable
people.
12 A n ______________ p e r s o n s h o w s th a t he o r sh e lo v e s o r u n -/d is - im -/ir-/in -
unambitious
lik e s people very m uch.
13 A ______________ p e r s o n t h in k s th a t s o m e o n e lo v e s b 1 25))) L is te n a n d c h e ck . W h ic h o f th e n e w a d je ctiv e s
another person m ore th an h im o r her, o r w ants w hat has a p o sitiv e m e an in g ?
other people have.
14 A ______________ p e r s o n c a n b e e a s ily h u r t o r o ffe n d e d . c C o v e r the co lu m n s. T est yo u rse lf.
15 A n ______________ p e r s o n w a n t s to b e s u c c e s s fu l in
life . P False friends
16 A ______________ p e r s o n is s o m e o n e w h o y o u c a n t r u s t
or depend on. Some words in English are ve ry similar to words in o th e r
17 A ______________ p e r s o n d o e s n ’t lik e o b e y in g ru le s . languages, but have d iffe re n t meanings.
18 A ______________ p e r s o n n e v e r c h a n g e s h is (o r her)
o p in io n o r attitude about som ething. S e n s ib le looks ve ry similar to sensible in Spanish and
French, b u t in fa c t in English it means someone w ho has
b 1 23))) L is te n a n d ch e ck . common sense and is practical. The Spanish / French
w ord sensible tra n s la te s as s e n s itiv e in English (to
c C o v e r the d e fin itio n s and lo o k at the adjectives. describe a person who is easily hurt).
R em em b e r the d e fin itio n s. S y m p a t h e t ic does n o t mean th e same as s empatik
in Turkish (which mean n ic e , f r ie n d ly ). In English,
s y m p a th e tic means a person who understands
o th e r people’s feelings, e.g., My best friend was very
sympathetic when I failed my exam last week.
< p .ll Online Practice 153
Money VOCABULARY BANK
1 VERBS
a C o m p le te the sentences w ith a verb fro m the list.
be w o rth /hi u n it) borrow /'huroo/ ca n't affo rd /krcnt o'ford/ charge H a rd y cost/kost/ earn d m /
inherit Jn'herot/ inv e st /in'vest/ lend lend/ owe/oo/ raise iy i/ save seiv w aste /weist/
1 M y uncle died and left m e $ 2 ,0 0 0 . I'm g o in g to inherit $ 2 ,0 0 0 .
2 I put som e m oney aside every w eek fo r m y next vacation.
3 M y b ro th er pro m ised to give m e $50. I _________ m o n e y e v e ry w ee k.
4 I need to ask m y m o m to give m e $20. H e p r o m is e d t o _________ m e $ 5 0 .
5 I o ften spend m oney o n stupid things. 1n e e d t o _________ $ 2 0 f r o m m y m o m .
6 I d o n ’t have enough m oney to buy that car. I o f t e n _________ m o n e y.
7 I u su a lly have to pay the m ech a n ic $ 4 0 0 to f ix m y car. I _________ to b u y th a t ca r.
8 T hese shoes are very expensive. T h e y are $ 2 0 0 . T h e m e c h a n ic _________ m e $ 4 0 0 .
9 J im gave m e $ 1 0 0 . 1 h a v e n ’t p a id h im b a c k yet. T h e y _________ $ 2 0 0 .
10 1w ant to put m oney in a b a n k account. T h e y 'll give m e 5% interest. I _________ J im $ 1 0 0 .
11 I w o r k in a s u p e r m a r k e t. T h e y p a y m e $ 1 ,6 0 0 a m o n th . I w a n t t o _________ s o m e m o n e y .
12 I co u ld sell m y house fo r about $ 2 0 0 ,0 0 0 . I _________ $ 1 ,6 0 0 a m o n th .
13 W e need to get people to give m oney to b u ild a new hospital. M y h o u s e _________ a b o u t $ 2 0 0 ,0 0 0 .
W e w a n t t o _________ m o n e y f o r th e n e w h o s p ita l.
b 1 35))) L is t e n a n d c h e c k . C o v e r th e s e n te n c e s o n th e r ig h t . T r y t o r e m e m b e r th e m .
2 PR EPO SITIO N S 3 NOUNS
a C o m p le te the Preposition co lu m n w ith a w o rd fro m a M a tch the n o u n s and d e fin itio n s.
the list. ATM (BritE c a s h m achine) 'ei ti 'em / b ill/ b il/
by fo r (x2) fro m in (x2) into on to eeift /koin/ loan /loon/ m ortg ag e /'morgid.V
sa lary /'sadori/ ta x /tacks/
Preposition
1 coin a piece o f m oney m ade o f m etal
1 Would you like to pay cash o r credit in, by
2 _________ a p ie c e o f p a p e r th a t s h o w s h o w m u c h
card? m oney you have to pay fo r so m eth ing
2 1paid th e dinner la st night. It was my
3 _________ th e m o n e y y o u g e t f o r th e w o r k y o u d o
birthday.
3 1sp en t $50 books yesterday. 4 _________ m o n e y th a t y o u p a y to th e g o v e rn m e n t
4 My uncle invested all his money real
5 _________ m o n e y th a t s o m e b o d y (or a b a n k ) lend s y o u
estate.
5 1d on 't like lending m oney friends. 6 _________ m o n e y th a t a b a n k le n d s y o u to b u y a h o u se
6 1borrowed a lo t o f m oney th e bank.
7 They charged me $120 a haircut! 7 _________ a m a c h in e w h e re y o u c a n g et m o n e y
8 1never g e t debt. 1hate owing people
b 1 37))) L is te n a n d c h e ck . C o v e r th e w o r d s a n d lo o k at
money.
the d e fin itio n s. T ry to rem em ber the w ords.
b 1 36))) L is t e n a n d c h e c k .
P Phrasal verbs
c C o v e r the Preposition co lu m n . L o o k at th e sentences I to o k out $200 from an ATM. (= to o k fro m m y bank
account)
and rem em b er the p re p o sitio n s.
When can you pay me back the money I lent you? (= return)
I have to live o f f my parents while I'm in college,
(= d e p e n d on fin an cially)
It’s difficult for me and my wife to live on only one salary.
(= have e n o u g h m o n e y fo r b a sic th in g s y o u ne e d to live)
< p .!4
Transportation VOCABULARY BANK
1 PUBLIC TR A N S P O R TA TIO N
A N D VEH IC LES
a M a tc h the w o rd s and p ictures.
bus /bns/ su bw a y /'sAbwei/
freew ay /'friw ei/
lig h t ra il/la it red/ (BritE th e u n d e rg ro u n d )
t r a in Itre in /
1 p la tfo rm /'pltetform / tru c k ltr\kl
sco o ter/'skutor/ v a n /vajn/
b 2 2))) L is t e n a n d c h e c k .
c C o v e r the w o rd s and lo o k at the p ictu re s.
T ry to rem em ber the w ords.
2 ON THE ROAD 3 HOW LONG DOES
IT TAKE?
P Compound nouns
Compound nouns are two nouns together where the firs t noun describes the How long does it take?
second, e.g., a child seat = a seat for a child, a bus stop = a place for buses to It takes about an hour to get from
stop, etc. In compound nouns, the firs t noun is stressed more strongly than Princeton to New York City by train.
the second. There are many compound nouns related to road travel. It took (me) more than an hour to get
to work yesterday.
a C o m p le te the co m p o u n d nouns. How long does it take (you) to get to
school?
belt belt/ camera /'kasmra/ crash kr<e|7 hour /'auar/ ja m /d 3tem/ Use take (+ person) + time (+ to get to) to
te fte /le in / lig h t/lait/ lim it/'lim ot/ stand /sttend/ station /'steifn/ talk about the duration of a trip, etc.
tic k e t/'tik o t/ walk w ok w ork/w ork/ zone M oon/
1 bicycle lane 2 car 3 cross R ead the in fo rm a tio n box above. T h e n ask
4 gas 5 parking 6 pedestrian and an sw er the q u estions w ith a partner.
7 road 8 rush 9 seat 10 speed 1 H o w do you get to w o rk / school?
11 speed 12 taxi 13 traffic 14 traffic H o w long does it take?
2 H o w long does it take to get fro m
you r house to the center o f tow n?
J D Phrasal verbs
Learn these phrasal verbs connected
with transportation and travel.
We set o ff at 7:00 in the morning to try
to avoid the traffic. (= leave on a trip)
I arrive at 8:15. Doyou think you couldpick
me up at the station? (= go somewhere in
a car and get him/her, etc.)
1got on the wrong bus, and / ended up
on the opposite side o f town. (= find
yourself in a place / situation that you
did not expect)
We’re running out o f gas. Let's stop
at the next gas station. (= finish your
supply o f something)
Watch out! / Look out! You’re going to
crash! (= be careful or pay attention to
something dangerous)
b 2 3))) L is t e n a n d c h e c k . T h e n c o v e r th e c o m p o u n d n o u n s a n d lo o k a t th e < p .2 4
p ictures. R e m e m b e r the co m p o u n d nouns.
Online Practice 155
Dependent prepositions VOCABULARY BANK
1 AFTER VERBS Preposition
a C o m p le te the Preposition c o lu m n w ith a w ord 1 He apologized the police officer driving fast, to . for
fro m the list. 2 We’re arriving Miami on Sunday. _____
about at between for in o f on to with 3 We’re arriving O’Hare Airport at 3:45. _____
He apologized to the police officer for driving fast, 4 Who does this book belong ? _____
b 2 25))) L is t e n a n d c h e c k .
c C o v e r the Preposition co lu m n . Say the 5 I never argue my husband money. _____, _____
sentences w ith the c o rre c t p re p o sitio n . 6 Could you ask the waiter the check? _____
7 Do you believe ghosts? _____
8 I can't choose these two bags. _____
9 We might go out. It depends the weather. _____
10 I dreamed my childhood last night. _____
11 Don’t laugh me! I'm doing my best! _____
12 I'm really looking forward the party. _____
13 If I pay the gas, can you pay for the parking? _____
14 This music reminds me our honeymoon in Italy. _____
15 I don’t spend a lot of money clothes. _____
2 A FTE R A D JEC TIVES 1 My brother is afraid* bats. Preposition
a C o m p le te the Preposition c o lu m n w ith a w ord .o f ___
fro m the list. 2 She’s really angry her boyfriend last night.
about at for from in of on to with 3 I’ve never been good sports.
My brother is afraid of* bats. 4 Eat your vegetables. They’re good you.
‘also scared of and frightened of
b 2 26))) L is t e n a n d c h e c k . 5 I’m very close my older sister.
c C o v e r the Preposition co lu m n . Say the
6 This exercise isn't very different the last one. (or to)
sentences w ith the co rre ct p re p o sitio n .
7 We’re really excited going to Brazil.
J D Gerunds after prepositions
Remember that after a preposition we use a verb 8 I’m fed up listening to you complaining.
in the gerund (+ -ing).
We're really excited a b o u t g o in g to Brazil. 9 Krakow is famous its main square.
I’m tired o f w a lk in g .
10 My sister is very interested astrology.
< p .3 1
11 I’m very fond my little nephew. He’s adorable.
12 She’s very passionate riding her bike. She does
about 30 miles every weekend.
13 I don’t like people who aren’t kind animals.
14 She used to be married a pop star.
15 I’m really happy my new motorcycle.
16 My dad was very proud learning to ski.
17 Why are you always rude waiters and
salespeople?
18 Rachel is worried losing her job.
19 I’m tired walking. Let’s stop and rest.
Sports VOCABULARY BANK
1 PEOPLE A N D PLACES
a M a tc h the w o rd s and p ictures.
ca p ta in /'kmpton/ sp e ctators /'spektcitorz/ /
coach /kootf/ the crow d /kraud/
1 fans/f<Enz/ team 'tim /
p layers /'pleiarz/ sta d iu m /'steidiam /
referee /refo'ri/ / s p o rts a re n a /sp o rts o'rino/
u m pire Im p aio r/
b 3 2)}) L is t e n a n d c h e c k . C o v e r th e w o r d s a n d lo o k at
the p ictu re s. T est yo u rse lf.
c M a tc h the places and sports.
course /kors/ court kort/ field /fild /
pool/pul slope /sloop/ t r a c k / t r a ik /
1 te n n is / b a sk e tb a ll court d 3 3))) L is t e n a n d c h e c k . T h e n te s t a p a r tn e r .
2 s o c c e r / b a s e b a ll____________
A ( b o o k o p e n ) sa y a s p o rt, e.g., tennis.
3 s w im m in g / d i v in g ____________ B ( b o o k c lo se d ) say w h e re y o u p la y it, e.g., tennis court.
4 r u n n in g / h o r s e r a c in g ____________
5 g o l f ------------------
6 s k i ____________
2 VERBS d C o m p le te th e Verb c o lu m n w ith a ve rb fro m the list.
do get injured get in shape go kick score throw tram
P w in and b e a t
You win a game, competition, medal, or trophy. Verb
You beat another team or person NOT The
Red Sox won the Yankees. 1 Professional sportspeople have to every day. train
2 Don’t play tennis on a wet court. You might . ________
a C o m p le te w ith the p ast tense and past 3 A soccer player has to try to the ball into the goal. ________
p a rticip le s.
beat beat _______ 4 I’ve started going to the gym because I want to . ________
win _______ _______
lose ______ _______ 5 Our new striker is going to a lot of goals. ________
tie ______ _______
6 Would you like to swimming this afternoon? ________
7 My brothers yoga and tai-chi. ________
b C o m p le te the Verb c o lu m n w ith the past 8 In basketball, players the ball to each other. ________
tense o f a ve rb fro m a.
Verb e 3 5))) L is t e n a n d c h e c k . C o v e r th e V erb c o lu m n s in b a n d d.
1 Costa Rica the US 3-0. T est yo u rse lf.
2 Costa Rica the game 3-0.
P Phrasal verbs
3 The Chicago Bulls 78-91 to It’s important to warm up before you do any vigorous exercise. (= do
the Boston Celtics. light exercise to get ready, e.g., for a game)
My daughter works out every afternoon. (= exercises at a gym)
4 Spain with Brazil 2-2. My team was knocked out in the semi-finals. (= eliminated)
c 3 4))) L is t e n a n d c h e c k a a n d b.
< p.44
Online Practice 157
Relationships VOCABULARY BANK
1 PEOPLE 1 couple_________ t w o p e o p le w h o a re m a r r ie d o r in a r o m a n t ic r e la t io n s h ip
a M a tc h the w o rd s and d e fin itio n s. 2 _______________ y o u r h u s b a n d , w ife , b o y fr ie n d , o r g ir lf r ie n d
3 _______________ th e p e r s o n th a t y o u a re e n g ag ed to b e m a r r ie d to
classmate /'kltesm eit/ 4 _______________ a p e rs o n th a t y o u s h a re a n a p a r t m e n t o r h o u s e w it h
close friend k lo u s fren d / 5 _______________ a p e r s o n th a t y o u w o r k w it h
colleague/'kalig / couple .'kA.pl/
ex /eks/ fiancd Tiun'sci/ (female fiancee) 6 _______________ (colloquial) a p e rs o n t h a t y o u u sed to h a v e a r e la t io n s h ip
partner /'part nor/ roommate /'ru m m eit/
w ith
b 3 19))) L is t e n a n d c h e c k . C o v e r th e 7 _______________ a v e r y g o o d f r ie n d th a t y o u c a n t a lk to a b o u t a n y t h in g
8 _______________ a f r ie n d f r o m s c h o o l o r c o lle g e
d e fin itio n s and lo o k at the w ords.
R em em b e r the d e fin itio n s.
2 VERBS AND VERB PHRASES
a C o m p le te the sentences w ith a verb o r verb phrase in the past tense.
be together become friends break up get along get in touch get married
get to know go out together have something in common lose touch meet
propose
1 1met_______ M a r k w h e n I w a s s t u d y in g at B o s t o n U n iv e r s ity .
2 W e ________ e a c h o th e r q u ic k ly b e c a u se w e w e n t to th e s a m e cla sse s.
3 W e s o o n _________ , a n d w e d is c o v e re d th a t w e _________ a l o t __________ . F o r
exam ple, w e b o th lik e d a rt and m usic.
4 W e _________ i n o u r s e c o n d s e m e ste r, a n d w e f e ll in lo v e.
5 W e _________ f o r t w o y e a rs, b u t w e a rg u e d a lo t, a n d in o u r la s t se m e s te r o f
s c h o o l, w e _________ .
6 A f t e r w e g ra d u a te d f r o m c o lle g e , w e _________ b e c a u s e I m o v e d to C h ic a g o ,
and he stayed in Boston.
7 F iv e y e a rs la te r, w e _________ a g a in o n F a c e b o o k . W e w e re b o t h s t i l l sin g le ,
and M a rk had m oved to C h icag o, too.
8 T h is t im e w e _________ b e tt e r th a n b e fo re , m a y b e b e ca u se w e w e re o ld e r.
9 A f t e r t w o m o n th s M a r k _________ a n d I a cce p te d .
10 W e _________ la s t s u m m e r. A lo t o f o u r o ld c o lle g e f r ie n d s c a m e
to the w edding!
b 3 20))) L is t e n a n d ch e ck .
c L o o k at the p ictures. T ry to rem em ber the story.
^ 3 Colloquial language
I went out last night with some buddies. (= friends)
I’m really into a girl I met in class last week. (= I’m attracted to her)
Jane dumped her boyfriend last night! (= told him th a t their relationship
was over)
My younger sister has a crush on Justin Bieber! (= be madly in love with
when you are young)
Phrasal verbs
My sister and her boyfriend broke u p /s p lit up last month. (= ended
their relationship)
My brother has been going out with Ns girlfriend for two years. (= dating)
< p .5 0
Irregular verbs
5 45))) Infinitive Simple past Past participle
learned
Infinitive Simple past Past participle learn /lorn/ learned /lornd/ le ft
leave /iiv/ le ft /left/ lent
be /bi/ was /wo// been /bin/ lend /lend/ lent /lent/ let
were /war/ let /let/ let lain /lein/
beat /bit/ beat beaten /'bitn/ lie /lai/ lay /lei/ lost
becom e/bi'knm/ became /bi'keim/ become lose /luz/ lost /lost/
begin /bi'gin/ began /bfgam/ begun /bi'gnn/ made
bite /ban/ bit /bit/ bitten /'bitn/ make Zrneik/ made /meid/ meant
b r e a k /breik/ broke /brook/ broken Abroukan/ mean /min/ meant /ment/ met
bring /brio/ brought /brot/ brought m eet /mit/ m et /met/
build /bild/ built /bilt/ built paid
buy Zbai/ bought /hot/ bought pay /pei/ paid Zpeid/ put
put /put/ put
can /keen/ could /kod/ - read /red/
catch /kajff/ caught /kot/ caught read /rid/ read /red/ rid d e n /'n d n /
choose /tfuz/ chose /tj'ouz/ chosen /’tfoozn/ ride /raid/ rode /rood/ rung Itm)/
come Zknm/ came keim/ come ring /ng/ rang /ɪ-æŋ/ run
cost /kost/ cost cost run /rnn/ ran /ran/
cut /knt/ cut cut said
say /sei/ said /sed/ seen /sin/
do /du/ did /did/ done /clnn/ see /si/ saw /so/ sold
draw /dro/ drew /dru/ drawn /dron/ sell /sel/ sold /sould/ sent
dream /drim/ dreamed /drimd/ dreamed send /send/ sent /sent/ set
(dreamt /dremi/) (dreamt) set /set/ set shone
drink /driqk/ drank /dnegk/ drunk Zdrnok/ shine /fain/ shone /foon/ shut
drive /draiv/ drove /droov/ driven /'dnvn/ shut /Jat/ shut sung /snr)/
sing /sip/ sang /steo/ sat
eat /it/ ate /eit/ eaten Z'itn/ sit /sit/ sat /sait/ slept
sleep /slip/ slept /slept/ spoken /'spoukan/
fa ll /fol/ fell /fd/ fallen /'fotan/ s p e a k /spik/ spoke /spook/ spent
fe e l/fil/ fe lt /felt/ fe lt spend /spend/ spent /spent/ stood
find /fame!/ found /faund/ found stand /sl^nd/ stood /stud/ stolen /'sloulan/
fly /flai/ flew 'flu/ flown /floon/ ste a l/stil/ stole /stool/ swum su \m/
forget /for'get/ fo rg o t /for'gat/ fo rg o tte n /for'gotn/ swim /swim/ swam /swsm/
taken /‘tcikon/
g e t /get/ g o t /gat/ g o tte n /'gain/ take /teik/ to o k /tok/ taught
give /giv/ gave/geiv/ given /'yivn/ teach /tiff/ taught /tot/ told
go /goo/ w ent /went/ gone /gan/ te ll /tel/ told /took!/ thought
grow /grou/ grew /gni/ grown /groun/ th in k /Oipk/ th o u g ht /(tot/ throw n /Oroun/
throw /θɪ-θʊ/ th re w /Oru/
hang /1ɪæŋ/ hung /1ıʌŋ/ hung understood
have haw/ had /hæd/ had understand understood
hear/hir/ heard /hard/ heard Ando'staend/ /nndar'stud/ woken /'woukan/
hit /hit/ hit hit worn /worn/
hurt /hart/ hurt hurt wake weik/ woke /wouk/ won
wear /wer/ wore /wor/ w ritten /'ntn/
keep /kip/ kept /kept/ kept win /win/ won /wnn/
know /noo/ knew Znu/ known /noun/ write /ran/ wrote /rout/ Irregular verbs 165
Vowel sounds SOUND BANK
usual spelling ! but also usual spelling ! but also
ee b e e f speed people m agazine u fu ll co u ld should
oo cook book w ou ld w om an
ea peach team niece receipt
lo o k good
e refund m edium h u ll
ɪ dish b ill pretty wom en A very unusual sound,
pitch fit busy decided sure plural
ticke t since v illa g e physics
eer cheers engineer serious to u ris t u p u b lic subject m oney someone
ere here w e’re up enough country
ear beard ugly du ck tough
com puter cup
appearance b ird
owl M a n y d iffe re n t spellings,
a fan travel /ə/ is a lw a y s u n s tre s s e d ,
phone about co m p lain
crash tax
c a rry land
cat e m enu lend frie n d ly already er person prefer learn w o rk
egg healthy m any
c h a ir text spend s a id ir d irty th ird w orld w orse
c lo c k plenty cent
saw ur cu rly tu rn p ic tu re
horse
boot air a irp o rt upstairs th e ir there ou hour around
fa ir hair wear pear proud ground
are rare careful area ow to w n brow n
o shop com edy w atch w ant o* b ro ke stone owe slow
c a lm a lth o u g h
plot shot fro zen stove s h o u ld e rs
cottage on
oa roast coat
a bald w a ll thought caught ar garden charge heart
aw d ra w saw a u d ie n c e
al w a lk ta lk starter
w arm course
or sports flo o r board car a* save gate break steak
ore bore score tra in ai ra ilro a d p la in great w eight
boy ay m a y say g ra y they
oo pool moody suitcase juice bike
shoe m ove soup oi b o ile d n o is y buy eves
u* tru e stu d e n t through h e ig h t
sp o il coin
* e sp ecially before consonant + e
oy enjoy em ployer
i* f in e sig n
y shy m otorcycle
igh f lig h t frig h te n e d
vow els v o w e ls fo llo w e d b v Irl d ip h th o n g s
Consonant sounds SOUND BANK
usual spelling ! but also usual spelling ! but also
p plate
ch em isty sch ool th th ro w th rille r
tra n sp ort trip stom ach squid
account healthy path
pp s h o p p in g ap p ly m ath teeth
enough laugh
parrot b beans b ill of thum b th the that
bag w orked passed m other
key p rob ab ly crab failed bored w ith
g irl science scene chess farther together
bb s tu b b o rn du bb ed jazz
flow er sugar sure ch change cheat
vase c co u rt scrip t m achin e ch e f tch w a tch m atch
k k in d kick t (+ ure) p ictu re fu tu re
tie ck tra ck lu cky
dog j jealous just
g g o lf grille d g generous m anager
snake colleague forget dge brid g e judge
zebra
gg aggressive luggage I lim it salary
show er u n til reliable
f food ro o f leg II sell rebellious w ritten w rong
ph p h a rm a cy nephew rig h t
ff tra ffic affectionate r result referee
rr elem entary fried
v van vegetables b o rro w m arried
travel invest
p riva te believe w w ar waste one once
t taste tennis w itch w estern highw ay
yacht
stadium strict wh w h istle w h ich
tt attractive cottage y yet year
yog u rt y o u rse lf
d directo r afford
before u u n iversity argue
com edy confident
m mean arm lam b
dd a d d re ss m id d le mm ro m an tic ch a rm in g knee knew
sum m er sw im m in g
s steps likes w ho whose
ss boss assistan t monkey n neck honest w hole
c tw ice c ity cycle nose
(b e fo re e, i,y) s in g e r none chim ney
house
z lazy freezing nn ten n is th in n e r
s nose
ng co o k in g going
loves cousins
sp rin g b rin g
sh sh o rt d ish w ash e r
before g/k
selfish cash
th in k tongue
ti (+ vowel)
h handsom e helm et
a m b itio u s explanation
behave in h e rit
ci (+ vowel) unhappy perhaps
spacious sociable
decisio n co n fu sio n usually
television Online Practice 167
o voiced □ unvoiced
This page has intentionally been left blank.
American
ENGLISH FILE
Workbook
Christina Latham-Koenig OXFORD
Clive Oxenden
U N IV E R SIT Y PRESS
Jane Hudson
Paul Seligson and Clive Oxenden are the original co-authors of
English File 1 and English File 2
1
4 A Mood food
7 B Family life
10 PRACTICAL ENGLISH M eeting th e parents
2
11 A Spend or save?
14 B Changing lives
3
17 A Race across Florida
20 B S te re o ty p e s -o ra re they?
23 PRACTICAL ENGLISH A d iffic u lt celebrity
4
24 A Failure and success
27 B Modern manners?
5
30 A Sports superstitions
33 B Love a t E xit 19
36 PRACTICAL ENGLISH Old friends
69 LISTENING
S T U D Y L IN K ffiflTa-jia a S E L F -A S S E S S M E N T C D -R O M
Powerful listening and interactive assessment CD-ROM
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1A The tw o biggest best-sellers in any bookstore are th e cookbooks and the diet books.
The cookbooks te ll you how to prepare the food and the diet books te ll you how not to eat any o f it.
Andy Rooney, US humorist
Mood food
1 V O C A B U L A R Y food and cooking c C o m p le te the sentences w ith the w o rd s in the box.
a (^ h d e ) the w o rd that is d iffe re n t. E x p la in why. ea rn e d fresh frozen low -fat raw spicy take-out
1 (beams) grapes peach ra sp b e rry 1 Canned tom atoes u su a lly la st fo r about tw o years
T he others are a ll fruit 2 I d o n ’t fe e l lik e c o o k in g . L e t 's g e t ___________________
fo r dinner.
2 beef pork lam b salm on
3 A r e th e re a n y ___________________ p e a s i n th e fre e z e r?
T h e o th e r s a re a l l ____________________________ 4 I'm d o n ’t r e a lly l i k e ___________________ fis h , s o I n e v e r
3 beet cabbage pear pepper eat sushi.
5 H a n n a h ’s o n a d ie t, s o sh e b o u g h t s o m e ______________
T h e o th e r s a re a l l ____________________________
y o g u rt to have fo r dessert.
4 eggplant lem on m ango m elon 6 T h e y e at a lo t o f ___________________ f o o d in M e x ic o .
7 W e b u y ___________________ b re a d f r o m th e b a k e ry
T h e o th e r s a re a l l ____________________________
every m ornin g.
5 crab m ussels b e e f s h rim p
Clues across
T h e o th e r s a re a l l ____________________________
6 cabbage cherry zu cch in i cucum ber
T h e o th e r s a re a l l ____________________________
b C o m p le te the crossw ord.
Clues down
2 P R O N U N C IA T IO N vowel sounds 3 G R A M M A R simple present / continuous,
action and nonaction verbs
a W rite the w ord s in the chart.
a A re the h ig h lig h te d phrases rig h t ( / ) o r w ro n g (/)?
beef carton chicken chocolate cook crab C o rre c t the w ro n g phrases.
soup jar mango peach raw salt 1 D o es yo u r g irlfrie n d like seafood?
sausage squid sugar tuna
2 L u c y ’s in the kitchen . She m akes a cu p o f coffee.
fish tree cat car
S h e’s making______________________________________
3 A re you eating out every w eekend?
4 I d o n ’t k n o w w hat to co o k fo r dinner. LH
5 A re you th in k in g the fish is cooked now ?
clock saw bull boot
6 W e ’re h a v in g lu n c h w ith m y p a re n ts e ve ry S u nday. L d
7 M y m o th e r’s in th e y ard . S h e ’s m o w in g the la w n . L d
b L iste n and check. T h e n liste n ag ain and 8 I’m n o t w a n tin g a n y p o ta to e s w it h m y fis h , th a n k s. E H
repeat the w ords.
Pronouncing difficult words 9 D o you prefer steam ed rice to frie d rice? LH
c W rite the w ords.
1 /boild/ boiled 10 Ja c k ’s o n th e p h o n e . H e o rd e rs so m e p iz z a s . Ld
2 /'ktebid3/
3 /'spaisi/ ________ b C o m p le te the sentences w ith the sim p le present
4 /roostid/ _________ o r co n tin u o u s fo rm o f the verbs in parentheses.
5 /greips/ ________
6 /frut/ _________ 1 O u r n e ig h b o rs grow a ll o f th e ir o w n vegetables,
7 /beikt/
8 /'m elon/ (gro w )
9 /zu 'k in i/ 2 M y m o t h e r ____________u s u a lly ____________ o n th e
p u n s L iste n and check. T h e n liste n ag ain and weekend, (not cook)
repeat the w ords. 3 D o you w ant to com e fo r lu nch on Sunday?
W e ________________________ro a s t c h ic k e n , (have)
4 W e ________________________to n ig h t b e ca u se th e r e ’s
a soccer gam e o n T V . (not go out)
5 ____________ y o u u s u a lly ____________ y o u r b irth d a y
w ith yo u r fa m ily? (spend)
6 T h a t r e s t a u r a n t ___________ d e lic io u s m u s s e ls at
lu n ch tim e , (serve)
7 H o w o f t e n ____________y o u ____________ in a t y p ic a l
w eek? (eat out)
8 I ________________________ a n a p p e tiz e r b e c a u s e I ’m
not hungry, (not have)
9 W e ____________o f t e n ____________ ste a k , (n o t b u y)
10 M y b o y fr ie n d 's o n a d ie t s o h e ______________________
on fried food, (cut dow n)
5
4 READING b R e a d th e a rtic le a g a in . M a r k the se n te n ce s T (true) o r F (false).
a R e a d th e a rtic le o nce an d p u t the h e a d in g s in 1 A t y p ic a l A m e r ic a n b re a kfa st every m o r n in g is n ’t g o o d fo r you. X
the c o rre c t place. 2 T h e best b re a kfast is any ty p e o f cereal. __
B H o w can I prevent serious illnesses? 3 A n A m e ric a n n u tritio n is t ca re fu lly calculated the am ount
o f fru its and vegetables w e sh o u ld eat.
C H o w .should 1st ar t t he day?
4 W e should eat m ore th an five servings o f fru its and __
D D o I really need to eat five a day? vegetables p er day.
The truth about 5 A p p le s co ntain a lot o f sugar. __
healthy eating
6 A ll apples have the sam e a m ou n t o f fiber.
Food experts are always telling us what we should
and shouldn't eat, but they often give us different 7 Fats can be good fo r us. __
advice. Our food writer, Teresa Gold, has taken a look
at all the information to figure out what is fact and 8 Y ou ca n eat as m u ch red m eat as you w a n t to. __
what is fiction.
c L o o k at the h ig h lig h te d w o rd s and phrases. W h a t do you
ı c_______
th in k they m ean? U se y o u r d ic tio n a ry to lo o k up th eir
A typical American breakfast of fried eggs, bacon,
toast, pancakes, and orange juice will certainly stop m e a n in g and p ro n u n cia tio n .
you from feeling hungry, but it's high in calories, which
means that you'll gain weight if you eat it regularly. 5 LISTE N IN G
A healthier option is to have just an egg. Boil it
instead of frying it, and eat it with a piece of toast a L iste n to a ra d io c a ll-in p ro g ra m ab out the a rticle
made with whole-wheat bread. Breakfast cereals
are very high in sugar, so if you feel like cereal, in e x e rc is e 4. C h e c k ( / ) th e ca lle r(s ) w h o c o m p le te ly agree
have granola - with no added sugar. You can also
get your first vitamins of the day by drinking a glass w it h it.
of freshly squeezed orange juice.
A K e vin Ld C Derek □
2 ______________ B Kate □ D R osie
Fruits and vegetables contain the vitamins and
minerals we need to stay healthy. But five is actually b L is te n ag ain an d an sw e r the qu estions.
a fictional nurnberthought up by an American
nutritionist. She looked at what the average person W h ic h caller...?
ate and doubled it. According to more recent
research, the right number is actually eight. The 1 t h in k s t h a t s o m e f r u it s a n d v e g e ta b le s a re u n h e a lt h y __
research shows that people who have eight pieces
of fruit and vegetables a day are much less likely to 2 says that m ost ch ild ren prefer fast food __
suffer from heart disease than those who eat three.
3 eats very little fru it __
3 _____________
This particular fruit has had some bad publicity because 4 is very h ealthy because he/she eats a lo t o f __
dentists say it can harm our teeth. While it's true that fru its and vegetables
apples do contain a little sugar, they are also a source
of fiber Nutritionists say that we need about 18 grams c L is te n ag ain w ith the a u d io s c rip t o n p. 69.
of fibera day, and a medium apple- peel included —
contains about 3 grams. Some varieties contain more USEFUL WORDS AND PHRASES
fiber than others, so you should choose carefully.
Learn these words and phrases.
4 _____________
The key to good health is a balanced diet that contains carbohydrates /karb o o 'h a id re its/
fats and carbohydrates aswell as proteins, vitamins, p ro te in /'p ro u tin /
and minerals. Fats may be high in calories, but they also aw ake /a'wexk/
contain vitamins. According to the World Cancer Research o ily /'oili/
Fund, you should only have about 500 grams of red meat p o w e rfu l /'p a o a rfl/
per week - a steak is about 100 grams. One type of food relaxed /n'kekst/
on its own won't kill or cure you, but eating the right sleepy /'slipi/
amount of the right food will stop you from getting sick. stre ssfu l /'stresfl/
b e n eficial /bcna'fijl/
6 ready-m ade fo o d /redi m e id 'fud/
Happy families are all alike; every unhappy family
is unhappy in its own way.
First line o f Anna Karenina by Leo Tolstoy, Russian writer
IB Family life
1 G R A M M A R future forms
a C o m p le te the sentences w ith the c o rre c t fo rm o f the verbs o r p h rases o n th e rig h t.
1 M y b r o th e r h a tes h is job . H e’s going to lo o k f o r a n e w one. he / look for (an in ten tion)
I / pay (an offer)
2 D o n 't w o r r y a b o u t th e d r in k s . ___________________________ fo r th e m . I / make (an offer)
3 ___________________________ so m e m o re c o ffe e . you / get married (a pred iction)
4 D o y o u t h i n k ___________________________ b e fo re y o u ’re 3 0 ? we / not go (an arrangem ent)
5 ___________________________ t o m y c o u s in ’s w e d d in g . W e 'll b e o n v a c a tio n .
6 A A re you ready to order? I / have (an in sta n t decisio n)
I / be (a fact)
B Y e s , ___________________________ th e stea k. we / pay (an offer)
I / not be (a p ro m is e )
7 ___________________________ 21 o n m y n e x t b irth d a y . we / have (an arrangem ent)
8 ___________________________ fo r d in n e r to n ig h t. Y o u p a id la s t tim e .
9 I ’m g o in g to th e m a ll. ___________________________ lo n g .
10 a p a rty fo r m y g ra n d m o th e r’s 8 0 th b irth d a y to m o rro w .
b C o m p le te the d ia lo g u e s w ith the c o rre c t fu tu re fo rm o f the verbs in parentheses.
1 A Are you going away this weekend? (go away)
B No, w e _________________ here. Why? (stay)
A We_________________ a barbecue. Would you like to come? (have)
2 A I'm too tired to cook. I____________some Chinese take-out food tonight, (order)
B Good idea. I____________ the restaurant. What do you want for an appetizer? (call)
A I____________ the spring rolls, please, (have)
3 A What tim e ___________ you____________ in the morning? (leave)
B I _________________ the six o'clock train, (take)
A I____________ you a ride to the train station, (give)
4 A W hat___________ you____________ tonight? (do)
B I ______________________ the new James Bond movie. Do you want to come? (see)
A No, thanks. I’ve already seen it. You____________it! (love)
5 A I____________you with the dishes, (help)
B OK. I ____________ and you can dry. But please be careful with the glasses, (wash)
A Don’t worry. I____________ anything! (not break)
7
2 each other b M a tc h the co m m en ts w ith the p e rso n a lity
R e w r ite the se n te n ce s w ith each other. adjectives in the box.
aggressive ambitious independent
1 M y b r o t h e r ’s s h o u t in g at m y s is te r a n d sh e ’s s h o u tin g a t h im . jealous reliable self-confident selfish
sensible -spotted stubborn
M y b ro th e r an d s iste r are shouting at each other . 1 “ W h e n I w an t som ething, m y parents
2 R o b doesn't k n o w A le x and A le x doesn’t k n o w R o b . alw ays give it to m e.”
R o b a n d A l e x _________________________________________________ . spoiled_________________
3 I’m not sp e akin g to m y sister and she isn ’t sp e a kin g to me.
2 “ I d o n ’t lik e m y b o y frie n d ta lk in g to
M y s is te r a n d I ________________________________________________. other w om en.”
4 I d o n ’t un derstand you and you do n 't u n derstand m e.
3 “ I’m a lw a y s th e re w h e n m y fr ie n d s need
W e ___________________________________________________________ . m y help.”
5 T h e coach respects the players and they respect him .
4 “Those are m y pens and you can’t
T h e c o a c h a n d th e p la y e r s ____________________________________ . b o rro w them .”
3 P R O N U N C IA T IO N sentence stress 5 “ I'm g o in g to go to bed early so I can sleep
w e ll before m y test tom orrow '.”
a ffliEEIlEfti L is te n and co m p lete the sentences.
6 “ I’ll h it y o u i f you d o that a g a in !”
1 When are y o u g o in g to b o o k y o u r vacation ?
2 I ’m _____________ g o in g t o ______________ t h e ______________ yet. 7 “ I feel very co m fo rta b le w h e n I’m sp e akin g
in p u blic.”
3 I 'm g o in g t o ___________________________ .
4 _____________ a re y o u ____________________________ ? 8 “ I'd lik e to be the m a n a g e r o f a b ig
5 I ’m _____________ s o m e ______________ . m u ltin a tio n a l com pany.”
6 I ’m ____________________________m y ______________ .
7 _____________ w i l l y o u ______________ y o u r t e s t ______________ ? 9 “T h a t’s w h at I th in k and I’m n o t g o in g to
8 1_____________ get t h e m ____________________________ . change m y m in d .”
9 I ' l l _____________ th e m o n ______________ .
10 “ I ’d p r e fe r to d o t h is o n m y o w n , t h a n k s .”
b L iste n ag ain and repeat. C o p y the rh y thm .
c W rite the o p p o site adjectives. U se a
4 V O C A B U L A R Y family, adjectives of personality
negative p re fix i f necessary.
a C o m p le te the sentences w ith a fa m ily w ord.
1 generous c h e a p _____________
1 Y o u r m other and father are y o u r parents , 2 kin d
2 Y o u r g ra n d fa th e r’s fa th e r is y o u r gr_________ -g r__________________ ______________________
3 A c h ild w h o h a s n o b r o th e r s o r s is te rs is a n o n _____________
3 lazy ______________________
ch___________ . 4 m ature
4 Y o u r b r o t h e r ’s d a u g h te r is y o u r n _____________ . 5 organized ______________________
5 Y o u r fa th e r ’s s is te r is y o u r a_____________ . 6 sensitive ______________________
6 Y o u r spouse, ch ild re n , parents, and b ro th ers and sisters 7 talkative ______________________
a re y o u r im _____________ f ______________. 8 clean _____________________
7 Y o u r fa th e r ’s n e w w ife is y o u r s_____________ .
8 Y o u r w ife 's o r h u s b a n d ’s fa th e r is y o u r
f _____________-i____ -I____________ 1 .
9 Y o u r a u n ts , u n c le s a n d c o u s in s a re y o u r ex_____________
f ___________ .
10 Y o u r b r o th e r 's o r s is te r's s o n is y o u r n _____________ .
8
5 READING b R ead the a rtic le again. C h o o s e the c o rre ct an sw ers
a R ead the a rticle once. W h y do the B e d o u in s prefer a c c o rd in g to the in fo rm a tio n given.
to liv e togeth er in a b ig fa m ily group? 1 In the past, m ost fa m ilie s in S o uthern E u ro p e and the
Extrem e fam ily ties M id d le E a s t w e r e ...
I Family can be an important part of a person's life, a sm aller. (b ) closer. c richer.
and for some nationalities being close to your family
is more important than it is to others. For example, 2 T h e re isn ’t m u ch ... in a B e d o u in tent,
families in Southern Europe are generally very close,
although inthe past they spent even more time together. a fu rn itu re b lig h t c space
This is also true of families in the Middle East. But it
3 B e d o u in ... spend m o st o f the day inside,
is the Bedouin people who have the closest ties of all.
a men b wom en c ch ild re n
Traditional Bedouin fam ilies live in large te n ts about half the size
o f a basketball court. The tents are divided into tw o sections: the 4 Y o u n g B e d o u in s w h o liv e in th e c it y . ..
firs t is fo r receiving guests in true Bedouin style - they have the
reputation o f being the world's most generous hosts. Visitors are a ha rd ly ever go home.
always served a big meal as soon as they arrive. The second part
o f the ten t is the family's shared kitchen, living room, dining room, b d o n ’t earn m u ch m oney,
and bedroom. They don't have tables and chairs, as the whole
fam ily sits on the flo o r to eat. And instead o f beds, everybody c d o n ’t lose touch w ith th e ir fa m ilie s.
sleeps on mattresses, which are piled into a corner o f the room
during the day. 5 M e m b e r s o f a B e d o u in f a m ily h e lp e a c h o th e r t o . ..
Several generations usually share the tent. The head o f the a su rvive. b get a job. c choose clothes.
fam ily is the mother, and she is the one who gives the orders.
Her husband and her children live with her, even when the children c L o o k at the h ig h lig h te d w ord s and phrases. W h a t
are married and have the ir own children. The sons and sons-in-law
look a fte r the animals, while the daughters and daughters-in- do you th in k they m ean? U se y o u r d ic tio n a ry to lo o k
law clean the tent, cook the meals, and take care o f the younger up th e ir m e a n in g and p ro n u n cia tio n .
grandchildren. The older ones are le ft to run around outside.
There may often be as many as 30 people under the same roof. 6 LISTE N IN G
The few young people who have le ft the family to live in the city a j g j g j g ) L is te n to a couple, T e rry and Jane, ta lk in g
visit their mothers nearly every day. It can be quite a surprise to ab out g o in g to liv e w ith the in -la w s. W h a t do they
see a shiny new Mercedes pull up outside one o f the tents and decid e at the end o f the co n ve rsation ?
watch a well-dressed man get out to greet his relatives.
b L is te n a g a in a n d m a rk the sentences T (true) o r F (false).
Bedouin people do not like to be separated from th e ir families
and there is a very good reason why. If they are poor, sick, old, or 1 T e rry and Jane are b o th very tired. X
unemployed, it is the family that supports them. Elderly people are
never le ft alone, and problems are always shared. Children who 2 T e r r y is m o re o p t im is t ic a b o u t th e fu tu re th a n jane. __
w ork in the city are often responsible fo r th e ir families financially.
In this way, Bedouin families aren't ju st close; they are a lifeline. 3 T e rry's parents have suggested the fa m ily m ove
in w ith them .
4 T e rry says that i f they a ll lived together, h is
parents w o u ld babysit. __
5 Jane th in k s th at the new p lan w o u ld m ean less __
housew ork fo r her.
6 Jane w o rrie s that the grandparents w o u ld sp o il
the ch ildren .
c L iste n again w ith the a u d io s c rip t o n p. 69.
USEFUL WORDS AND PHRASES
L earn these words and phrases.
bo a rd in g school sick /sik/
/'bordrp sk u l/ value /'vselyu/
fig h t /fait/
ch ild h o o d tjaiklh o d a w a re o f /a'wer av/
n o w o n d e r /n o o 'wAndar/
gang lgsay
g a th e rin g /'gtedarit)/
riv a lry /'raivalri/
932^33) FILE 1
9
Practical English Meeting the parents
1 R EA C TIN G TO W H A T PEOPLE SAY 3 READING
C o m p le te the dialo gu es. a R e a d the te xt and an sw e r the q u estions.
1 Ben Oh, 1 no ! I don’t 2 b_________ it! In w h ich place...?
1 can you see a celebrity
Charlotte W hat’s wrong! 2 do m usicians com e to hear other Cafe Carlyle
Ben I didn’t te ll my mom th a t you don’t eat meat. m usicians perform _________________
3 can you hear in tern ation al styles o f ja zz _________________
Charlotte You’r e 3 k_________ ! 4 c a n y o u see w h a t ’s h a p p e n in g o n lin e _________________
5 should you buy a ticket before you go _________________
Ben No, I’m not. N e ve r4 m_________it ’ll te ll 6 does the m u sic fin is h very late _________________
her now.
Mom Mom! C h a rlo tte ’s a vegetarian. Ja z z in
Charlotte 5R_________ ? New ycrk
Mom Yes, b u t it isn’t a problem.
W hat a 6p_________ ! I made a m eat New York is famous for its jazz, and for
Charlotte lasagna. But there's plenty o f salad. music fans no trip to the city is complete
That's fin e. Thanks, Mrs. Lord. without a visit to one of the many jazz
venues. Here are four of the many places
2 Steve We have som ething to te ll you. We you can go to hear jazz being performed.
found a house th a t w e like.
Jill 7 H__________fa n ta s tic ! Barbes
Steve And it isn't too expensive.
Jill T h a t’s g r e a t3n_________ I Could I see it Barbes is a bar and performance venue in the Park Slope neighborhood
some time? of Brooklyn. Come here to listen to musical styles from all over
Steve 9W_________ a g re a t idea! I’ll ca ll and the world, such as Mexican, Lebanese, Romanian, and Venezuelan
make an appointm ent. along with traditional American styles. Usually $10 to get in.
2 SO C IA L ENG LISH 55 Bar
C o m p le te the d ialo g u es w ith the p hrases in the box. Located in Greenwich Village, this small club, which started in 1919,
has a very interesting history. Cometo hear jazz guitarists play,
a-really-n iee-g u y Go ahead How do you see I mean and expect to see lots of serious jazz fans and music students from
How incredible Not really That’s because things like tha t local colleges and music schools. Usually $ 1 0 -2 0 .
1 A What did you think o f my dad? Smalls
B He's a really nice guy . This club was created in 1994, but has already become very
2 A _______________ your future? famous in New York because well-known players such as Norah
Jones began their careers here. The club closed in 2002, but
B Ithink we’ll be very happy together. opened again in 2004, with a more comfortable room and a website
3 A I hear you speak Spanish. Are you bilingual? tha t features live streaming video o f all performances. It opens
from 4 p.m. to 4 a.m. $20 to get in.
B _______________ . B ut I can speak it well.
4 A I’m sorry. I’m n o t ve ry hungry. Cafe Carlyle
B _______________ you a te to o much fo r lunch! Come to the first floor o fth e famous Carlyle Hotel to visit the Cafe
5 A You know, I th in k we w e n t to th e same school. Carlyle. It’s particularly worth going on Monday nights - not only will
you hear jazz from the Eddy Davis New Orleans Jazz Band, but you
B ________________ ! will also hear the famous movie director Woody Allen play with them.
As well as being a director, Woody Allen is also a jazz musician. Sets at
6 A Can I have another piece o f chicken, please? 8:45. The venue holds only 90 and is often sold out, so it’s a good idea
B ______________ . There’s more in th e kitchen. to book ahead. But it isn't cheap - tickets start at $100.
7 A W hat kind o f books do you read? b U n d e rlin e five w o rd s o r p h rases y o u d o n ’t kn o w . U se y o u r
B Biographies, h istory books,_______________ .
d ic tio n a ry to lo o k up th e ir m e a n in g and p ro n u n cia tio n .
8 A You w ouldn't w ant to go to th e co n ce rt w ith us.
B Yes, I w o u ld !_______________ , I love classical music.
When a man te lls you he g o t rich through
hard w ork, ask him: Whose?
Don Marquis, US Writer
2A Spend or save?
1 V O C A B U L A R Y money C o m p le te the advertisem ent w ith the w o rd s in the box.
a C o m p le te the sentences w ith the co rre ct verb ATM b en k-aeeo tm f bills coin loan
in parentheses. mortgage salary taxes
1 M y s is te r wastes a lo t o f m o n e y o n c lo th e s she W hafs so good about
never w ears, (wastes / saves) CASH Internet Banking pic
2 I c a n 't ___________________ to b u y a h o u s e o f m y o w n .
OUR ACCOUNT SERVICES
(pay / afford)
3 Y o u ’ l l have t o ___________________ a lo t o f m o n e y i f y o u Open a 1 b a n k a c c o u n t with us and we'll give
you a free g ift - you'll get a tab le t co m p ute r if
w an t to travel a ro u n d the w o rld n e xt year, (cost / save) you earn over $3,000 a month. Consult our online
4 K e v i n ___________________ a b o u t $ 2 ,5 0 0 a m o n th at h is service 24/7 and use your card in t h e 2____________
of any bank to take out as much or as little money as
new job. (w ins / earns) you want. Do you have a lot of change? Use our free
5 T h a t p a in t in g ___________________ a lo t o f m oney. 3____________ counter and dep o sit the tota l directly
into your savings account. Does your company pay
(charges / is w orth) y o u r4____________ d ire ctly into the bank? Then we
6 M y u n c le is d o in g a b ik e r id e t o ___________________ w o n 't charge you anything fo r your card. W e’ll even
pay all y o u r5____________ fo r you, free o f charge.
m o n e y fo r ch a rity, (raise / save)
7 W e s t i l l ___________________ th e b a n k a lo t o f m oney. OUR FINANCING SERVICES
(owe / earn) Do you need to borrow money for a car, a vacation,
8 M a r y ___________________ $ 5 ,0 0 0 f r o m h e r g ra n d fa th e r o r a new laptop? We'll give you a 6____________ of
up to $10,000 for whatever you want to buy.
w hen he died, (inh erited / invested) And how about a new house? We can give you a
9 T h e p lu m b e r ___________________ m e $ 2 5 0 to f ix m y 7____________ at one o f the lowest interest rates
on the market.
shower, (cost / charged)
10 C a n y o u ___________________m e $ 2 0 0 u n t il I g et p a id ? OUR EXTRA SERVICES
(b o rro w / lend) How m uch do you pay in 8____________ ? Talk to
our specialists to make sure you're paying the right
b C o m p le te the sentences w ith the c o rre c t p re p o sitio n . am ount - they can help you pay less.
Come to CASH Internet for the best accounts, the
1 I’l l pay fo r the m ovie tickets i f you get the snacks! best services, and the best savings.
2 T h e y ch a rg e d u s $ 5 ______________ a b o ttle o f w ater.
3 T h e y g o t ______________ d e b t w h e n th e y b o u g h t th e ir
new house.
4 W e b o r r o w e d s o m e m o n e y ______________m y p a re n ts.
5 M y g ra n d p a re n ts a lw a y s p a y ______________ ca sh .
6 I d o n 't m in d le n d in g m o n e y ______________ fa m ily .
7 T h e y s p e n t a lo t o f m o n e y ______________ t h e ir so n 's
e d u c a tio n .
8 C a n I p a y ______________ c r e d it c a rd ?
9 P h il in v e s te d a ll h is m o n e y ______________ h is
ow n company.
11
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