2 P R O N U N C IA T IO N the letter o 4 R EA D IN G
a (C ircle) the w o rd w ith a d iffe re n t sound. a R ead the firs t chapter o f a b o o k about D a n ie l
S u elo once. W h e re d id he decide to live?
1A 2 3 (JQ S 1 w ith friend s LII 3 in the country
2 w ith fa m ily LH 4 in a city
up i phone
clock horse bird The man who
money done quit money
nothing honest owe afford work
(soldj) shopping go worse world In the firs t year o f the tw e nty-first
won dollar loan store short century, a man standing by a busy
clothes m o rtg ag e w o rth road in the middle o f the United
States took his life savings o u t o f
b L iste n and check. T h e n liste n ag ain and repeat his pocket - $30 - laid it inside a
the w ords. phone booth, and walked away.
He was 39 years old, came from
3 G R A M M A R present perfect and simple past a good family, and had been to
college. He was not mentally ill,
a (^Trcle) th e c o r r e c t a n sw e r. nor did he have any problems
w ith drugs or alcohol. The decision was
1 \(haye neverowedj)/ never owed a n y m o n e y to th e b a n k in m y life. made by a man who knew exactly w hat he was doing.
2 T h e y have charged / charged us to o m u ch fo r o u r m e al la st night.
3 I k n o w so m e g re a t ch e a p p la c e s to sta y in S e o u l. I've been / 1went In the twelve years since then, as the stock market
has risen and fallen, Daniel Suelo has n o t earned,
there a few tim es. received, o r spent a single dollar. In an era when
anyone who could sign his name could get a
4 P a u l hasn’t inherited / didn’t inherit a n y th in g f r o m h is mortgage, Suelo did not apply fo r loans. As public
debt rose to eight, ten, and finally th irte e n trillion
g ra n d m o th e r w hen she died. dollars, he did not pay taxes, o r accept any type of
help from the government.
5 You’ve lent Iyou lent h im m o n e y so m a n y tim e s , b u t he n e ve r
Instead he w ent to live in a cave in Utah, where he
pays you back! picks fru it and wild onions, collects animals th a t have
been killed on the road, takes old food th a t has
6 H o w m u ch hasyour TV cost / didyour TV cost? gone past its sell-by date o u t o f trash cans, and is
7 H o w m a n y tim e s haveyou wasted / didyou waste m o n e y on o fte n fed by friends and strangers. “ My philosophy
is to use only w hat is freely given or d is c a rd e d h e
clothes you never w ear? writes. While the rest o f us try to deal w ith taxes,
mortgages, retirem ent plans, and bank accounts,
8 I haven’t had / didn’t have a n y c o in s , s o I c o u ld n 't p u t a n y m o n e y Suelo no longer even has an ID card.
in the p a rkin g m eter. Daniel is n o t a typical tram p. He o fte n w orks - but
refuses to be paid. A lthough he lives in a cave,
9 Haveyou ever invested / Didyou ever invest any m o n e y in a co m p a n y? he is extrem ely social, remains close to friends
10 M y g irlfrie n d has a h ig h -p a yin g job. She has earned / earned and family, and has discussions w ith strangers on
his website w hich he checks a t th e local library.
$ 8 5 ,0 0 0 last year. He has ridden his bike long distances, traveled on
freight trains, hitchhiked through nearly every state
b C o m p le te the dialo g u e s w ith the c o rre c t fo rm o f the verb s in in the United States, worked on a fishing boat,
parentheses. collected mussels from Pacific beaches, caught
salmon in streams in Alaska, and spent three
1 A When did your son buy his car? (buy! m onths living in a tree a fte r a storm .
B When h e ___________ his driving te s t last m onth, (pass) “ I know it’s possible to live w ith zero m oney” Suelo
declares. And he says you can live well.
2 A How much m o n ey_________ y o u _________ fro m your sister
yesterday? (borrow)
B About $100, but I already__________________ it all. (spend)
3 A _________ y o u _________ a new house yet? (find)
B Yes, and the bank__________________ to give me a mortgage.
(agree)
4 A _________ you ever_________ any money to a friend? (lend)
B Only to my boyfriend when h e _________ a new phone, (need)
5 A _________ your m o th e r_________ an appointm ent w ith the
d octo r yet? (make)
B Yes, she_________ him yesterday and she’s seeing him
tomorrow, (call)
12
b R ead the chapter again and choose the c o rre ct answ ers. 5 LISTE N IN G
1 W h a t do we learn about the m an in the first a j H g p L iste n to fo u r speakers ta lk in g about
paragraph?
a H e had just le ft school. h o w they m anage o n th e ir in com es. M a tc h the
(b) H e had th ou gh t about h is actio n s carefully, speakers w ith th e ir situ a tio n .
c H e had had a d iffic u lt ch ild h oo d .
S p e a k e r 1 _d_ a a sin gle parent
2 W h a t has D a n ie l S uelo done since he changed h is life? b a fa m ily w ith ch ild re n
a H e has gotten in to debt. S p e a k e r 2 __ c a sin gle retired person on a pension
b H e has bought a house, S p e a k e r 3 __ d a you ng person w ho lives w ith
c H e hasn’t used any m oney. Speaker 4 _
h is / her parents
3 H o w does he get enough to eat?
a H e fin d s food. b L is te n a g a in a n d m a rk th e senten ces T (true) o r F (false).
b H is fa m ily cooks fo r him .
c H e buys food. Speaker 1 F_
4 W h a t's D a n ie l Suelo like? 1 H e doesn’t e arn m u ch m oney. __
a H e's shy. 2 H e saves m o st o f h is salary.
b H e 's lazy,
c H e's outgoing. Speaker 2
5 H o w does he get fro m one place to another? 3 She d o e sn ’t o w n the house w here she lives.
a H e rides h is bike everyw here.
b H e uses d iffe re n t m ethods o f transp ortatio n, 4 S h e t h in k s m o n e y is m o re im p o r t a n t t h a n fa m ily . __
c H e alw ays uses trains.
Speaker 3
c L o o k at the h ig h lig h te d w o rd s and phrases. W h a t do
5 H e ca n ’t live o n h is in com e. __
you th in k they m ean? U se y o u r d ictio n a ry to lo o k up 6 H e is n ’t in d e b t. __
th e ir m e a n in g and p ro n u n cia tio n .
Speaker 4
d C o m p le te the sentences w ith one o f the h ig h lig h te d
7 She o nly w orks in a store on the weekends. __
w ord s o r phrases.
8 S h e s p e n d s m o s t o f h e r m o n e y o n h e r c h ild r e n . __
1 C le a n fresh w ater often com es fro m m ou n tain
c L iste n ag ain w ith the a u d io scrip t o n p. 69.
streams .
USEFUL WORDS AND PHRASES
2 It’s im p o r t a n t to have a ________________________ fo r
w h e n you get old. L earn these words and phrases.
3 T h e giant fis h sculptures in R io were m ade using backer /'biekar/
plastic bottles. b illio n a ire /'bilyansr/
brand /briend/
4 T h e early nineteenth ce n tu ry w as an im p o rtan t cu sto m e r /'kAstam sr/
fo r opera. e n tre p re n e u ria l /antrapra'narial/
lo w -p a y in g /lo o 'perynj/
5 H e h a s sh a re s in s o m e c o m p a n ie s , s o h e ’s in te re ste d in
w h a t h a p p e n s o n t h e ________________________ . re je c tio n /ri'd 3e kjh /
6 Y o u m ig h t get s ic k i f y o u e at fo o d a fte r i t s ____________ - salesm an /'seilzm an/
self-m ade /sslf'm eid/
w e a lth y /'welOi/
13
O nly Ica n ch a n g e m y life. No o n e e ls e ca n do it fo r me.
Carol Burnett, US actress &comedian
2B Changing lives
1 G R A M M A R present perfect c C o m p le te the d ialo g u es w ith the present p erfect co n tin u o u s fo rm
simple + fo r / sin ce ; present o f the verbs.
perfect continuous
1 A Have you heard H eather’s new band?
a W rite the w ord s and phrases in the b o x in B No. Have they been playing
the c o rre ct co lu m n . to g e th e r fo r a long time? (they / play)
-2095- a long tim e a week March six months 2 A How long was your flight?
I was little the last tw o days Tuesday B Twelve hours.______________________
years and years you la st called all day. (we / travel)
for since 3 A My brother has a very good job in New York City.
B Really? How lo n g ____________________
2005 ____________________ there? (he / work)
b C o m p le te the sentences w ith the present 4 A Diana finally found a new apartment!
B Oh g o o d !___________________________
p erfect fo rm o f the verb in parentheses and one fo r so long! (she / look for)
fo r o r since. 5 A Why does Eric's teacher w ant to see you?
1 Iv e had m y c a r fo r ab o ut a m onth , B ____________________________________
his homework lately, (he / not do)
(have)
2 M y m o m ___________________ s ic k __________ 6 A You’re late.
B Yes, I know. S orry.__________________
last Friday, (be) _______________ long? (you / wait)
3 W e ___________________ each o th e r
7 A You look exhausted.
__________w e w e re in s c h o o l, ( k n o w ) B ______________________________________
4 H e ___________________ fo r th e sa m e th e kids all day! (I / take care of)
c o m p a n y ______________ fiv e years, (w o rk) (C ircle) the co rre c t fo rm . If b o th fo rm s are possible, check ( / ) th e sentence.
5 T h e y __________________ in M ia m i
1 H o w lo n g havey ou lived / haveyou been living a b ro a d ? /
__________ th e y g o t m a n n e d , (live) 2 I ’ve studied j(fy e b e e n studying) C h in e s e fo r tw o years.
6 M y p a r e n ts ___________________ aw a y 3 H a n n a h has had / has been having the sa m e b o y frie n d sin ce she w as
__________ fo r th re e days, (be) in school.
7 I___________________ to g o to A u s t r a lia
4 H o w lo n g has Mark played / has Mark been playing the bass g u ita r?
__________a lo n g tim e , (w ant) 5 H e’s worked / H e’s been working at th is s c h o o l sin ce he sta rte d teach in g .
8 S h e ___________________to m e 6 I ’ve known / I ’ve been knowing y o u fo r years.
7 We’ve gone / We've been going to th e sa m e d e n tis t sin ce w e w ere kid s.
__________la s t y e a r, (n o t speak) 8 You’ve worn / You've been wearing th a t c o a t fo r yea rs!
14
2 P R O N U N C IA T IO N sentence stress Do you want to be
a fflI E filSSl. L is te n an d c o m p le te th e sentences. a volunteer?
1 I’ve b e e n traveling a ll day .
A The Book Bus
2 H o w ______________ h a v e th e y b e e n g o in g
______________ to g e th e r? Do you enjoy reading? Do you like children? Then why n o t volunteer fo r
our mobile library service in Zambia? We work w ith underprivileged
3 S h e ’s b e e n ______________ s ic k s in c e ______________ children in public elementary schools, and it's a lot o f fun. We read
4 T h e y ______________ b e e n _______________ h e re stories, do a rt projects, and organize activities to help the children
learn English. A fter breakfast at 7 a.m., we head to our firs t school in
fo r long. tim e fo r the beginning o f th e school day. Every morning we visit a t least
5 W e 'v e b e e n ______________ th e h o u se fo u r schools, and we spend about an hour in each one. We get back to
our campsite at around 2 p.m. fo r lunch, and a fte r th a t you have the
a l l ______________ . afternoon free to relax o r prepare activities. The project takes place
6 1______________ b e e n _______________w e ll lately. from May to September, and it’s open to everyone. Volunteers have to
pay fo r th e ir own flig h t and make a contribution to the project.
b L iste n ag ain and repeat the sentences. C o p y
B The G re a t O rangutan Project
the rh y thm .
Are you an animal lover? If you are, then you should come to Kubah
3 READING National Park in Borneo. We need people to help us take care o f our
orangutans. Unfortunately, you w on't be able to touch the animals
a R ead the a rticle once and m atch photos 1 -3 w ith because they are being prepared to be released into the wild, but you’ll
w ork very close to them. You'll spend your tim e in the Wildlife Center
paragraphs A - C . repairing the shelters where the orangutans live, o r building new ones.
You might have to make a swing, o r install some ropes where the animals
b R e a d the a rticle again. A n s w e r the q u e stio n s can play. You’ll share a room in a wooden hut th a t looks out onto the
rainforest. The program lasts fo r tw o o r fo u r weeks and it costs $1,935 or
w ith the letters A , B, o r C . $2,820 respectively, excluding flights.
W h ic h o rg a n iz a tio n ...? C C o n s tru c tio n in Peru
1 takes people fo r tw o w eeks o r a m o n th _B_ Are you good a t making things? If you are, and you’d like to take part in
a construction project, how about corning to Peru to lend a hand? You’ll
2 encourages sightseeing _ be based in Cuzco in southeastern Peru, and you'll be involved in the
construction o f a small school, and a community center or an orphanage.
3 offers accom m od ation s in tents You may have to paint and make repairs to existing buildings, o r build
new ones in and around the city. You’ll live w ith a Peruvian family, and
4 says w hat volunteers sh ou ld b rin g __ you'll eat all your meals together in th e ir house. All o f the houses have
electricity and running water, but you'll have to go to an Internet cafe in
5 gives volunteers free afte rn o on s _ Cuzco if you w ant to go online. You are expected to w ork from Monday
to Friday, and on the weekends you can explore some o f the fantastic
6 lets volu n te e rs stay w ith o thers in a hut __ sights in the region. Please bring your own work clothes.
7 arranges accom m od ation s w ith lo ca l people _
8 o n ly n e e d s v o lu n te e r s f o r p a r t o f th e y e a r __
c L o o k at the h ig h lig h te d w ord s and phrases.
W h a t do you th in k they m ean? C h e ck w ith
y o u r d ictio n a ry.
d C o m p le te the sentences w ith one o f the
h ig h lig h te d w o rd s o r phrases.
1 M y little niece o n ly w a n ts to play o n the
_______ swing_______ w h e n w e g o to th e p a rk.
2 I fy o u a ll_______________________________
____________________ , w e 'll b e a b le to b u y o u r
colleague a nice going-aw ay present.
3 I’d r a th e r see a n im a ls i n ____________________
than in a zoo.
4 T h e sch o o l is o rg a n iz in g an a fte r-sch o o l club
f o r ____________________ c h ild r e n in th e area.
5 T h e people w a itin g fo r the buses w ere standing
u n d e rn e a th t h e ____________________ b e c a u s e it
w as raining.
6 W e ’re m o v in g to a n e w house th is w eeken d. C a n
y o u co m e a n d __________________________________
____________________ w it h th e p a c k in g ?
4 V O C A B U L A R Y strong adjectives 5 LISTENING
a C o m p le te the adjective fo r each p ictu re . a L iste n to a new s story ab out an A m e ric a n
fa m ily w h o is tra ve lin g a ro u n d the w o rld d o in g
v o lu n te e r w o rk . C h e c k ( / ) the places th ey have
already visite d .
1 S h e ’s a b s o lu te ly 2 I t’s d ___________________ ! 1 A u s tra lia [ZJ 7 Paraguay LU
2 A n ta rctica L d 8 Peru
f reezing. 3 C h in a 9 R ussia
4 H a iti 10 R w a n d a
5 India 11 T h a ila n d [
6 Kenya 12 Z a n z ib a r L d
b L is te n ag ain an d a n sw e r the q u estions.
1 W h a t d id J.D. L e w is use to do?
H e used to be an actor.
2 H o w old are the ch ild re n ?
3 T h e y ’re re a lly 4 H e ’s h ___________________ . 3 H o w m uch is the trip go in g to cost?
e___________________ .
4 W h a t ’s th e n a m e o f h is o r g a n iz a tio n ?
5 W h a t did they do in T h a ila n d ?
5 It’s absolutely 6 T h e y ’re 6 H o w d id they help the ch ild re n in R w anda?
en___________________ . f ___________________ .
7 W h o d id they help in K enya?
b C o m p le te the sentences w ith a stro n g adjective.
8 W h a t d o e s J. D . L e w is h o p e h is o r g a n iz a t io n w i l l d o
1 A Are you sure th e m eeting is today? in the future?
B Yes, I'm absolutely p o s itiv e .
c L iste n ag ain w ith the a u d io sc rip t o n p. 70.
2 A Is your boyfriend’s apartm ent small?
B Yes, it's really___________ . USEFUL WORDS AND PHRASES
3 A Were your parents angry about your te s t scores? Learn these words and phrases.
B Yes, th e y w e re ___________ .
b listers /'blistarz/
4 A Is your sister afraid o f insects? c h a rity AJ'terati/
B Yes, she’s a b so lu te ly___________ o f them. kayak /'kaitek/
ache /eik/
5 A Were you surprised when you passed your target /'targat/
driving test? m e lt /m elt/
padd le /'predl/
B Yes, I was re a lly___________ . risk y /'riski/
go fo rw a rd /goo 'forw ard/
6 A Were th e kids hungry when they arrived?
B Yes, they were a b s o lu te ly __________ . s p o n s o r p r o je c ts /'s p o n s o r 'p r a d 3s k ts /
G j £ l 0 FILE 2
16
A good tra v e le r has no fixe d plans.
Lao Tzu, Taoist Philosopher
3A Race across Florida
1 V O C A B U L A R Y transportation
a C o m p le te the crossw ord.
Clues across
1 It’s a large veh icle th at ca rrie s passengers and stops
re g u larly to let them o n and off.
3 It’s w here you w a it fo r a tra in at a tra in station.
6 It’s a fast road w here tra ffic can travel long distances
betw een large to w n s o r cities.
8 It’s bigger than a ca r bu t sm a lle r than a truck.
9 It’s a type o f ra ilw a y system th at travels u n d e r the ground.
Clues down
2 It’s a lik e a m o to rcycle but less p o w e rfu l.
4 It’s a ty p e o f sm a ll tra in that m oves b y e le ctricity along
sp e cial rails.
5 It's v e ry lo n g and used fo r tra n s p o rtin g p eo ple o r
th in g s by rail.
7 It’s u se d f o r tr a n s p o r t in g la rg e q u a n titie s o f th in g s b y ro ad .
b C o m p le te the co m p o u n d n o u n s w ith one w ord. 2 P R O N U N C IA T IO N /J/, d3/, and/tj/
1 D o n ’t fo rg e t to p u t y o u r seat b e lt on. a (C ircle )th e w o rd w ith a d iffe re n t sound.
2 Y o u ’ l l get a ______________ tic k e t i f y o u leave y o u r c a r th ere . 21 f t * J 31 'dfc
3 S o r r y w e 're late. W e w e re s tu c k in a ______________ ja m
if- jazz chess
dow ntow n.
4 W e g o t h e ld u p b y t h e ______________ w o r k o n th e freew ay. jazz shower
5 I w is h b ik e r id e r s w o u ld use t h e ______________ la n e in ste a d
dangerous crash check-in chem istry
o f the sidew alk. bridge seat belt passenger catch
6 W e n e e d to f i l l u p at t h e ______________ s ta tio n b e fo re (rush) s ta tio n tra ffic jam departure
w e leave. L is te n an d check. T h e n lis te n again
7 T r a f f ic is a lw a y s w o rs e d u r in g ______________ h o u r. and repeat the w ords.
8 T h e r e a re n 't a n y c a b s w a it in g a t t h e ______________ stan d .
9 S lo w d o w n ! T h e r e a r e ______________ c a m e ra s o n th is road.
10 W e s to p p e d a t t h e ______________ lig h t a n d w a ite d f o r it to
tu rn green.
17
3 G R A M M A R comparatives and superlatives c R e w rite the com parative sentences in b
a Complete the sentences with one word. u s in g (not) a s ... as.
1 G a s isn 't as expensive in the U S as it is in the U K . 1 expensive (se n te n ce 1)
2 M y fa th e r d r iv e s m o re s lo w ly _____________ m y m o th e r. Cancun isn’t as expensive as Beijing.
3 T h e y sa id th a t to d a y w a s _____________ h o tte s t d a y o f th e year. 2 difficult (sentence 3)
4 L e t 's g o b y t r a in . I t’s _____________ c o m fo r t a b le th a n th e bu s.
5 T h i s is t h e _____________ f lig h t I’v e e v e r b e e n o n . I ’ l l n e v e r f ly w it h 3 exciting (sentence 4)
th is a irlin e again. 4 cold (sentence 5)
6 I t h in k t r a in s a r e _____________ d a n g e ro u s t h a n c a rs . T h e r e are
—
few er accidents.
7 I t’s _____________ to g o b y s u b w a y t h a n b y b u s. B u s e s a re m u c h slo w e r. 4 P R O N U N C IA T IO N linking
8 T h e 4 0 5 is t h e _____________ c r o w d e d fre e w a y i n C a lif o r n ia .
9 Y o u 're at th e S h e ra to n ? W e 're s ta v in g a t th e sa m e h o t e l_____________ y o u . a L iste n and com plete the
10 W h y d o n ’t w e r id e o u r b ik e s ? It’s t h e _____________ e x p e n s iv e w a y sentences.
to travel. 1 T h e most relaxing w ay to
b W rite sentences w ith the in fo rm a tio n fro m the survey. U se the travel is by train.
co m p a ra tive o r the superlative.
Where to go?
We reveal th e results fro m our reader survey o f three popular vacation destinations.
2 T h e seven hours in the a irp o rt w as
t h e _____________________________ p a r t
o f the vacation.
Cancun Beijing Sydney 3 T h e _____________________________
(Mexico) (China) (Australia) place to v isit is the m useum .
It's cheap. 4 F ly in g is a l o t ______________
It’s crowded. ______________ th a n g o in g b y bu s.
It’s easy to g e t to.
It’s exciting. 5 T h e y should have the p a rty at th eir
It's hot. h o u s e . I t’s m u c h b ig g e r ______________
It's relaxing.
6 S c o o te r s a r e n 't ______________
1 C a n c u n / cheap / B eijing
m otorcycles.
Cancun is cheaper than Beijing.____________
b L is te n ag ain and repeat the sentences.
2 B e ijin g / crow ded / o f the three destinations
L iste n ca re fu lly to the lin k e d w ords.
C o p y the rh y thm .
3 B e ijin g / easy to get to / Sydney
4 Sydney / e xcitin g / C an cu n
5 Sydney / hot / B eijing
6 Sydney / re laxin g / o f the three d estinations
18
5 READING b R e a d the a rticle ag ain. M a rk the sentences T (true)
a R e a d th e a rtic le once. W h ic h is the o ld est fo rm o r F (false).
o f tra n sp o rta tio n ? 1 N o ris are a good w ay to see C a m b o d ia n cities. _F
Unusual ways of 2 T h e tra in fare is not alw ays the same. __
getting around
3 Totora reed boats are m ade fro m sp ecial plants. __
Bam boo trains
This isthe best way to see rural Cambodia. A bamboo train, or nori 4 Today the boats are o n ly used to ca rry tourists.
as the locals call it, is a bamboo platform on wheels that travels
along tracks. It's powered by an engine, and it can reach a speed of 5 Jeepneys are used b y the m ilit a r y to tra n s p o rt so ld ie rs. __
25 miles per hour. Passengers sit on a grass mat on the nori. Noris
may not be as comfortable as conventional trains, butthey're 6 T here are u su a lly a lo t o f people in jeepneys. __
certainly a lot cheaper. Pick up a nori from Battambang Station,
but rememberto agree on a price before you get on. 7 M o s t people in A la sk a don 't travel by dog __
sled anym ore.
Totora reed boats
These boats have been around 8 D o g sleds are a very re la x in g w ay to travel. __
for centuries. They are made
from the reeds that grow on the c L o o k at the h ig h lig h te d w o rd s and phrases. W h a t do
banks o f Lake Titicaca, one of the
largest lakes in South America. you th in k they m ean? U se y o u r d ic tio n a ry to lo o k up
As well as making boats from totora reeds, the local people use th e ir m e a n in g and p ro n u n cia tio n .
them to make their houses, which they build on floating islands.
Totora reed boats are still used for hunting and fishing, but today 6 LISTE N IN G
some ofthe local people transport people across the lake in them.
Traveling on a reed boat among the floating islands ofthe lake a L iste n to the experiences o f five speakers w ho
is a must for visitors to Peru.
w ere d o in g dangerous th in g s w h ile they w ere d riv in g .
Jeepney M a tc h th e sp eakers w ith the th in g s th ey w ere doing.
Ajeepney isthe most common
form of public transportation in S p e a k e r 1 E. A P u ttin g on m akeup
the Philippines. They are made B L iste n in g to his/her favorite m usic
out o f the jeeps left on the islands S p e a k e r 2 __ C W ritin g a text message
by the American army at the end S p e a k e r 3 __
of World War II. People gave the jeeps a roof, put in two long seats
on either side and painted them, turning them into small buses. S p e a k e r 4 __ D S etting o r adjusting a G PS
Jeepneys have open windows instead of air conditioning. They're
often packed with passengers and there are no bus stops-the S p e a k e r 5 __ E T a lk in g on a cell phone
driverjust slows down to let the passengers jump on and off.
b L is te n ag ain and an sw e r th e qu estions.
D og sleds
Dog sledding is a unique 1 W h a t d id S p e a k e r 1's c a r c ra s h in to ? A v a n ___________
experience because it's 2 H o w fa r had Speaker 2 d rive n past D enver before she
something you can't do in many
other parts ofthe r e a liz e d h e r m is t a k e ? __________________________________
world. It was once the only wayto 3 W h e r e d id S p e a k e r 3 e n d u p ? ___________________________
get around in the snow o f Alaska, 4 W h o d id S p e a k e r 4 a lm o s t h it ? _________________________
but now its use is limited to winter sports and tourism. The best 5 W h a t co lo r w as the tra ffic lig h t w hen the accident
time to try it isfrom Januaryto March - in the summerthere isn't
enough snow, sothe dogs pull sleds on wheels. The ride can be a h a p p e n e d to S p e a k e r 5 ? ________________________________
little bumpy because the sled sometimes goes over stones and the
dogs bark a lot. All the same, it's an opportunity not to be missed. c L is te n ag ain w ith the a u d io s c rip t o n p. 70.
USEFUL WORDS AND PHRASES
Learn these words and phrases.
ad ju st ( G P S ) /a'd3ASt/
re a c h /ritJ7
be ahead o f /bi a'h sd av/
c r a s h (in to ) /kraeJV
get stu ck (in a tra ffic jam ) /get 'stnk/
get w o rse /gst 'w ars/
tu rn red /tarn 'red/
tu rn a ro u n d /tarn a'raond/
do y o u r h a ir /du yar her/
p u t o n m a ke u p /p o t a n 'm eik/\p/
19
3B Men w a n t to be a woman's firs t love. Women like to be a man's la s t romance.
Oscar Wilde, Irish writer
Stereotypes - or are they?
1 G R A M M A R articles: a /an, the, no article
a (^Trde)the co rre ct answ ers.
1 I t h in k (girts)/ the girls are b e tte r at le a r n in g languages / the languages th a n boys / the boys.
2 D id y o u lo c k door / the door w h e n y o u le ft house / the house th is m o rn in g ?
3 M y s is te r w o rk s f o r Japanese ja Japanese c o m p a n y . S h e ’s engineer / an engineer.
4 I d o n ’t u s u a lly likefish / thefish, b u t salmon / the salmon w e had last n ig h t w a s d e licio u s.
5 W e go to movies / the movies once a week / the week.
6 D o n ’t w o rry ! It’s n o t the end / end o f the world / world.
7 D o y o u t h in k women / the women are m o re s e n s itiv e th a n men / the men?
8 W h a t beautiful / a beautiful day! L e t ’s h a ve lunch / a lunch o n th e p a tio .
b A re the h ig h lig h te d phrases rig h t ( / ) o r w ro n g (/)? C o rre c t the w ro n g phrases.
2 P R O N U N C IA T IO N /ə/, sentence stress,
/ðə/ or /ð!/?
a L iste n and com plete the sentences.
1 I’d lik e to speak to th e manager .
2 I p u t t h e ___________________ o n the
1 T h a t ’s p r e tt y d r e s s - t h e c o lo r s u its you . 3 ___________________ a re w e g o in g t o ___________________
to n ig h t?
a pretty dress________________________________
4 C o u ld y o u ___________________ t h e ____________________
2 H e ’s h o p in g to v is it h is p a re n ts th e n e x t w e e k e n d . fo r a m inute?
3 T h e m o n e y d o e s n ’t m a k e p e o p le happy.
4 M y g ra n d fa th e r le ft s c h o o l w h e n he w a s 14. 5 S h e n e e d s to see a ___________________ a b o u t
5 T h e y go to the dentist about tw ice the y e a r. h e r ___________________ .
6 H ave you w atched D V D th at I lent you ?
7 T h a t w as one o f the best m eals I’ve ever had. 6 W e w a n t t o ___________________ f o r a __________________
8 W h a t n o isy c h ild ! W h ere are his parents? tom orrow .
9 A le x is stu d yin g to becom e doctor.
10 I love the cats, b u t m y b o y frie n d doesn’t lik e them . b L iste n again and repeat. C o p y the rh yth m .
c Liste n and repeat the phrases. Pay
a tte n tio n to th e p r o n u n c ia tio n o f the.
1 T h e conversation w as about the w om an next door.
2 T h e u n iv e rsity in vite d a guest to speak at the m eeting.
3 1so m e tim e s go to the theater in the evening.
4 W e to o k the elevator in stead o f w a lk in g up the stairs.
5 T h e o ffice gave me a ll the in fo rm a tio n I needed.
6 T h e gray s k irt is nice, but I prefer the b lack one.
11 H e r h u s b a n d s its in f r o n t o f th e T V a ll day.
12 She alw ays gets to the w o rk at fiv e -th irty .
3 READING b R ead the article again. C h o o se the rig h t answ ers.
a R e a d th e a rtic le o n ce an d p u t the h e a d in g s in the c o rre c t place. 1 M e n c a n f in d it d i f f ic u lt to p e r c e iv e ...
a three colors.
A M e n are better navigators th an w om en
B W om en ta lk m ore th an m en (b) one color,
C M e n d o n 't see co lo rs as w e ll as w om en c any colors.
2 S e e in g c o lo rs w e ll help ed p re h is to ric w o m e n ...
Stereotypes a fin d in te re stin g th in g s to eat.
supported by science b co o k food correctly,
c choose the righ t fru it.
ı _______________ 3 T h e r e s u lt s o f th e s tu d y s h o w e d t h a t . ..
a four-year-olds don’t have spatial awareness,
Men have a reputation for wearing clothes that don’t look b boys le a rn sp atial aw areness before girls,
good together - if men do look good, it’s because their c g irls d o n ’t have sp atial aw areness.
girlfriends or wives have helped them get dressed. Why’s that? 4 W o m e n d id n ’t need sp atial aw areness in
p r e h is to r ic tim e s b e c a u s e ...
Science says: Let’s take a look at chromosomes - the parts of o u r DNA a the m en w ere alw ays w ith them ,
tha t control many things about us. The color red is carried only by the b they never left home,
X chromosome. Women have two X chromosomes, and so they are c they d id n 't travel fa r fro m home.
more likely to be able to see red. Men only have one X chromosome. 5 M e n are w o rs e at c o m m u n ic a tin g b e c a u s e ...
How we see color depends on the ability to see red, blue, and green, a p a rt o f th e ir b ra in s is sm aller.
so women are more likely to see colors better. Being able to see colors b th e ir b ra in s are 17% sm aller,
well was im p o rta n t in prehistoric times when women looked for fru it for c th e ir b ra in s are larger.
food. They had to be able to tell the difference between the types of 6 T h e fu n c tio n o f the corpu s ca llo su m in the
fru it on the trees so tha t the y did n ’t choose a typ e th a t was p oisonous. b rain is...
For them, seeing different colors meant they could survive. a to co m m u n ica te betw een b o th sides,
2 b to store d iffe re n t languages,
c to c o n tro l the language process.
M ost men have a natural ability to read maps while women
usually need to turn them around. How come? c L o o k at the h ig h lig h te d w ord s and phrases.
Science says: Men are able to see the size and position of things W h a t do you th in k they m ean? U se you r
much quicker than women. This a bility is called “spatial awareness”. d ic tio n a ry to lo o k u p th e ir m e a n in g and
Researchers discovered in a study o f four-year-old children th a t only p ro n u n cia tio n .
one girl has this ability for every four boys. Once again, the explanation
can be found in the past. Do you rem em ber those prehistoric women? d C o m p le te the sentences w ith one o f the
Well, while they were looking fo r fruit, the men traveled long distances h ig h lig h te d w ord s o r phrases.
to hunt animals. When they had caught enough, they had to find their
way home again. And this is where the y learned “spatial awareness.” 1 It’s a definite advantage to have good
The women didn't need it because they hardly ever went out of sight of
their homes, but for the men, it was vital. test scores i f you w a n t to go to college.
3 2 D o n ’t eat those m u sh ro o m s you fo u n d
Humans are social animals, so why is it that men don’t like o u ts id e ! T h e y c o u ld b e ___________________ .
sharing their problems while women tell their best friends
everything? 3 W h o 's _______________________________________
m a kin g th is m ess?
Science says: The answer is in the brain. The parts responsible for
language are 17% larger in a wom an’s brain than in a man’s brain. Also, 4 S h e 's _______________________________________
women use both the left and the right side o f the brain to use language, to accept i f you in vite her husband as w ell.
while men use only one side - th e ir strongest side. And there’s more.
The part of the brain that connects the two parts together - the corpus 5 I t a lia n p e o p le ___________________
callosum - is larger in women too, which means th a t they can move _______________________________________ fo r
inform ation from one part to the other part more quickly. Nobody being great cooks.
is sure why these differences exist, but it's d e a r th a t women have a
definite advantage over men when it comes to communication. 6 I t’s ___________________ th a t I f in is h th e r e p o r t
before the end o f the day.
21
4 V O C A B U L A R Y collocation: verbs / 6 LISTEN IN G
adjectives + prepositions
a L iste n to a ra d io c a ll-in p ro g ra m . W h ic h
a (C iT c le )th e c o r r e c t p r e p o s it io n s .
1 T h e y 'r e a r r iv in g at / on /(m) S e o u l o n F rid a y . speaker has the m o st tra d itio n a l vie w ab out m en d o in g
2 T h a t su itca se belongsf o r /fro m / to me. the co o kin g ?
3 W e s h o u ld a s k s o m e o n e at If o r / o f d ire c tio n s .
1 N ick ŋ 2 Eve Q 3 Frank Q 4 M a r t in a [_
4 W e m ig h t go cam ping, bu t it depends
b L is te n a g a in an d m a rk the se n ten ce s T (true) o r F (false).
in I o f I on th e w eather.
5 E v e ry b o d y laugh ed about I at I to m e w hen 1 N ic k is unem ployed. X
I fe ll o f f the chair. 2 H e w o u ld n ’t lik e to be a chef. __
6 W h o ’s g o in g to p a y f o r j o j j with th e m e a l? 3 Eve co o ks a ll the m eals at her house. __
7 I d re a m e d about Ifro m / with m y o ld s c h o o l
4 She spends a lo t o f tim e cle an in g the kitchen.
frie n d s last night.
5 F r a n k t h in k s th a t g ir ls w o r k h a rd e r t h a n th e y u s e d to. __
8 T h a t g ir l re m in d s m e about I o f I to m y co u sin .
b C o m p le te the sentences w ith the co rre ct 6 F ra n k th in k s that g irls now adays can cook.
p re p o sitio n s. 7 M a rtin a 's p artn er does a ll the co o kin g. __
1 T o n y used to be m a rrie d to Teresa. 8 M a rtin a respects m en w ho can cook.
2 Y o u c a n r e ly ______________ m e to h e lp y o u w it h c L iste n ag ain w ith the a u d io sc rip t o n p. 71.
the party tom orrow .
USEFUL WORDS AND PHRASES
3 T h e y ’ re w o r r ie d ______________ t h e ir
teenage son. Learn these words and phrases.
4 W e 're n o t v e ry in te r e s t e d ______________ cla im (vb) /kleirn/
abstract art. reduce /n'dus/
a lm o st /'olm oost/
5 I ’m v e r y d if f e r e n t ______________ m y siste r. slig h tly /'slaitli/
6 A d a m 's v e r y g o o d ______________m a th . w h e rea s /wsr'rez/
7 I 'm fed u p ______________ t h is w e a th e r. a c c o rd in g to /a'kordnj tu/
8 H e 's f a m o u s ______________ h is r o le in in fact A n 'ftekt/
Sherlock Holmes. range fro m /'reind3 from /
5 W H E N ARE PR EPO SITIO N S tend to /T e n d ta/
STRESSED? be s k e p tic a l o f / b i 's k s p tik l av/
L is te n and co m plete the d ialo gu es. file 3
1 A Who did you argue with ?
B I ___________w ith m y ___________ .
2 A Who are y o u _______________________ ?
B I’m ___________ a t ___________ !
3 A What are you s o _______________________ ?
B I’m ___________ about m y ___________ .
4 A What are yo u _______________________ ?
B I’m ___________ to t h e ___________ .
b Liste n ag ain and repeat. C o p y the rh y thm .
22
Practical English A difficult celebrity
1 G IV IN G O P IN IO N S 3 READING _F
__
C o m p le te the dialo gu e. a R e a d the text. M a r k the sen ten ces T (true) o r F (false). __
__
John I love th is song. Can you tu rn it up? 1 N e w Y o rk ta xis are a ll the sam e m odel o f car. __
Anna Do I have to? It's really old. 2 A m e d a llio n n u m b e r has fo u r nu m bers and one letter. __
John It may be old, b u t it ’s one o f my 3 A n o ff-d u ty cab w on 't p ick you up. __
4 Y ou sh ou ld stand in the street u n til a ta x i stops fo r you.
fa vo rite s. 1 Personally . I th in k 5 W h e n you get in a taxi, the p rice starts at 50 cents.
6 Y ou pay per m in u te i f you are n o t m oving.
pop music was b e tte r in th e p ast 7 T a x i d rive rs lik e to be paid in cash.
than it is now. W hat do you
2th _________________ ? NEW YORK TAXIS
Anna No, I don’t th in k th a t’s
3r__________________. In my New York taxis provide an essential
4op_________________ , th e re is some service to New Yorkers and tourists for
great music around. And some of getting around the city. There are over
to d a y’s singers have amazing voices. 12,000 yellow medallion taxicabs so
John l 5ag_________________ .B u t very fe w it doesn’t take long to see one.
o f them w rite th e ir own music. If you
6as__________________me, th e real What does a New York taxi look like?
musicians are the ones who w rite the
songs and then perform them live on New York taxis come in many diffe re n t shapes and sizes, but to be
stage. Don’t yo u 7ag_________________ ? official taxis they m ust be yellow. They m ust also have a special code
Anna To be 8h__________________, I don’t called a medallion number: one number, then one letter, and two
know a lo t about it. Iju s t turn the radio more numbers. A bronze badge with the same code should also be
on and listen to w h a t th e y ’re playing! displayed on the hood.
2 SO C IA L ENGLISH Only taxis w ith th e above are legally licensed to pick you up!
C o m p le te the dialogues. U se a phrase How will I know when a New York taxi is available?
co n ta in in g the w ord in parentheses.
It's all in the lights! When ju s t the center light illum inates the medallion
1 A Hello! I ’m back ! (back) number, the taxi is available to be hailed. When the center light is o ff
B Hi! Did you have a good day? and both sidelights are on (illum inating the words "O ff Duty” ), the taxi
is o ff duty. When no lights are illuminated, the taxi is already in use.
2 A I’m going o u t fo r a walk now. Do you w ant
to come? How to hail a New York taxi.
B ____________________________ First, try to hail a taxi in the direction you are already going; it saves
tim e and money. When you see an available taxi, make sure it's
I’LLg e t my coat, (minute) safe and step o ff the sidewalk while holding your hand up high. If for
3 A I brought you some flowers. any reason you don’t get the driver’s attention, step back onto the
sidewalk and wait for the next available taxi and repeat the process.
B Thank you. That’s _______________ It’s as simple as that.
_______________________________ . (kind)
New York taxi fares.
4 A ____________________________
_______________ w h a t you said about Once you step into the cab the m eter will be turned on. This is called
moving to California? (mean) the “flag-drop fare” and is $2.50. After tha t it will cost you 50 cents
for every one-fifth of a mile, or 5 0 cents per minute if you are stuck in
B Yes. Ithink it’ll be a great opportunity for us. traffic. There is a flat-rate charge o f $52 from Manhattan to JFK Airport.
5 A You look upset. W hat’s th e matter.
If you're happy with the trip, you should tip your driver between 15%
B Nothing really._______________ and 20% o fth e to ta l fare. Paying by cash is preferred, however all
_______________________________ my taxis now accept credit cards.
boyfriend’s away and I really miss him. (just)
b U n d e rlin e fiv e w o rd s o r p h ra se s y o u d o n ’t k n o w . U s e y o u r
d ic tio n a ry to lo o k up th e ir m e a n in g and p ro n u n cia tio n .
4A Failure is n o t fa llin g dow n. Failure is fa llin g dow n and n o t g e ttin g up again.
Richard Nixon, former US President
Failure and success
1 G R A M M A R can, could, be able to b R e a d T y le r R u iz ’s re su m e . T h e n co m p le te th e senten ces w ith th e
c o r r e c t f o r m o f can, could, o r be a b le to.
a ^ ird g )the correct form . C h e ck ( / ) if both 1 T y le r can sa il.
are correct. 2 H e ________________________ s p e a k a lit t le C h in e s e w h e n he
started w o rk in g in H o n g Kong.
1 S h e can / is able to s w im re a lly w e ll because 3 H e ________________________s p e a k G e r m a n .
4 H e ________________________d e s ig n w e b s ite s s in c e 1 9 9 9 .
she used to live by the ocean. / 5 H e 'd l i k e ________________________s p e a k R u s s ia n .
6 H e ________________________ f in is h h is P h .D . b e fo re he le ft the U S .
2 Y o u d o n 't need to can iflbepbleto) d riv e to 7 H e ________________________ s p e a k a lit t le R u s s ia n s o o n .
live in the city. N am e: Tyler Ruiz
D ate of Birth: 09/22/1980
3 L u k e could / was able to read w h e n he w as
E d u c a tio n
o n ly th ree years old. Degree in French with Marketing (2003)
M aster’s in Business Adm inistration (2006)
4 I f it d o e s n 't r a in to m o rro w , we can / we’ll be Started Ph.D. in Business (2009) - incomplete
able to go fo r a lo n g w a lk .
W ork Experience
5 S o r r y , I've b e e n s o b u s y th a t I haven’t could / 1998-2000: Trainer and Operator with Texas Instruments, London
haven't been able to c a ll u n til now. 2003-2009: Assistant then Marketing Manager, Texas Instruments,
Dallas, USA
6 I f M a ria had a less d e m a n d in g job, she 2009-present: M anaging Director, A H H M arketing S ervices Ltd.,
Hong Kong
could I would be able to enjoy life m ore.
O ther Skills
7 I've never could / been able to dance w ell, IT skills - advanced.
C ourse in w eb design 1999.
bu t I'd love to learn .
Languages
8 W e 're re a lly s o rry w e couldn't / weren't able to French (fluent) Chinese (basic) certificate 2008
I hope to start Russian classes next January.
com e to y o u r w edding.
H obbies and Interests
9 I used to can / used to be able to s p e a k a litt le W atersports, especially sailing and windsurfing
Portuguese, but I've fo rg o tten m o st o f it now . 2 P R O N U N C IA T IO N sentence stress
10 Canyou / Willyou be able to m a ke it to L iste n and repeat the sentences. C o p y the rhythm .
d in n e r tonight? 1 She can s in g v e r y w e ll.
2 I’ve n e v e r been a b l e to s k i .
11 T o w o r k f o r t h is c o m p a n y , y o u must can / 3 Can you r e a d a m a p ?
must be able to s p e a k at le ast th re e 4 Y o u w o n ’t be a b l e to g o o u t t o m o r r o w .
5 H e h a s n ’t been a b l e to w a l k v e r y f a s t since he h u r t his le g .
la n g u a g e s . 6 They a r e n ’t a b le to c o m e t o n ig h t .
12 I hate can't / not being able to co m m u n ica te
w ith the lo cal people w hen I’m traveling.
3 READING
a R ead the a rticle once and m atch p aragraphs A - D w ith ph o to s 1 -4 .
Steven Spielberg Isaac Newton Bill Gates
Thom as Edison
Failure: the first step toward success
Many people who have found success started out by failing.
Below are four of the most famous.
A Some people consider this man to be the greatest scientist w ho has b R e a d the a rtic le again. M a r k the sentences T (true)
ever lived. However, his early life was nothing special. He was very
small as a child and he was a very bad student. When he was twelve, o r F (false).
his mother took him out of school so that he could learn how to run the
fam ily farm. Unfortunately, he wasn't very good at that either, so in the 1 Isaac N e w to n alm ost becam e a farm er. T_
end he was sent back to school. After eventually passing his exams, he 2 H e w as never a very good student.
went to Cambridge University where he became a brilliant scholar Later, __
he developed his law o f gravity.
3 T h o m a s E d is o n m issed three m onth s
B This man is one o fth e most famous inventors o f all time, which is o f school w hen he w as a child.
incredible when you think he only went to school for three months. After
his teacher lost patience with him, his mother taught him at home and 4 H e d id n 't m ake a good im p ressio n on his __
he learned many important lessons from reading books. His working life bosses at the start o f h is w o rk in g life. __
started as badly as his schooling had, and he was fired from his first two
jobs. However, this gave him more time lo experiment - by the end o f his 5 Steven Spielberg co u ld n 't go to the film
life he had invented over a thousand devices. His most famous invention sch ool he w anted to.
was a certain type o f lightbulb.
6 H e has never fin ish ed h is degree. __
C Ask anyone to name the most famous movie director in Hollywood and 7 B ill G a te s fa ile d o ut o f college. __
many of them will say this man's name. However, his movie career started 8 H is f ir s t c o m p a n y w a s n ’t s u c c e s s fu l. __
badly, as he was rejected three times from film school. He eventually started
his studies at a different school, but he dropped out to become a director c L o o k at the h ig h lig h te d w o rd s and phrases. W h a t
before he had finished. Since then he has won the Oscar for best director do you th in k they m ean? U se y o u r d ic tio n a ry to
twice, and three o f his movies have broken box office records. He went lo o k up th e ir m e an in g and p ro n u n cia tio n .
back to school in 2002 to finish his studies and earn his BA degree.
d C o m p le te the sentences w ith one o f the
D Although he is one o fth e most successful businessmen and computer h ig h lig h te d w o rd s o r phrases.
programmers o f all time, this man didn't actually finish college. He was
very bright at school and went to Harvard University, but he spent most 1 T h e c h ild ’s p a re n ts lost patience w ith her
o f his time using the college's computers for his own projects and didn't
do much studying. After dropping out, he decided to start his own and sent her to her room .
company with a friend. This company failed, but he persisted and won
a contract with IBM which eventually resulted in his company becoming 2 H e w a s n ’t e n jo y in g c o lle g e , s o h e _____________
one o fth e most pow erful and recognized brands in the world today. _____________ a fte r th e f ir s t year.
3 A f t e r s e v e ra l m o n th s , s h e _____________ m a n a g e d
to persuade her b o y frie n d to see an opera.
4 M y c o lle a g u e ___________________________ fo r
send ing personal e m ails fro m w ork.
5 M y h u s b a n d re fu s e s to b u y e x p e n s iv e ____________
o f clothing.
6 T h e r e w a s a h u g e lin e a t t h e _____________
_____________ b e ca u se it w a s th e o p e n in g n ig h t o f
the m ovie.
25
4 V O C A B U L A R Y -ed / -ing adjectives Reflexive pronouns
a R ig h t ( / ) o r w ro n g (/)? C o rre c t the w ro n g adjectives. d C o m p le te the sentences w ith the co rre ct w ord.
1 T h e best w ay to get h ealth y is to m ake yourself exercise
1 T u rn the channel! T h is is a b o red T V show.
every day.
______ borin g _______ 2 Jo n a n d D a n n y h e lp _____________________ to fo o d
2 T akin g care o f sm all children can be very tire d . w henever they com e to m y house.
3 Jenna p a in te d th e b a t h r o o m _____________________ .
3 H is test scores w ere very disap po in tin g . 4 T h e c o m p u te r t u r n s _____________________ o f f i f n o b o d y
4 I was very em barrassed w hen m y phone uses it fo r aw h ile.
ran g in the m eeting. 5 I a lw a y s s in g t o _____________________ w h e n I'm in
5 Ju n ko w as very s u rp risin g because she the shower.
d id n 't kn o w they w ere com ing. 6 W e fo u n d th e a p a r t m e n t _____________________ , w it h o u t
6 W e to o k a lo t o f pictures because the view any help fro m a real estate agent.
w as so a m a zin g .
5 LISTE N IN G
7 A re you interested in car racing?
a Y o u are g o in g to hear five speakers ta lk in g
8 S h e fe lt f r u s t r a t in g b e c a u se sh e c o u ld n ’t ab o u t m is ta k e s th ey have m ade in a fo re ig n language.
get on the surfboard. L iste n and com plete the sentences.
b C o m p le te the sentences w ith the co rre ct fo rm o f S p e a k e r 1 w a s s p e a k in g French_____ t o _________________ .
the a d jectives in parentheses. S p e a k e r 2 w a s s p e a k in g _______________ t o ________________ .
1 I enjoyed the book, but the m ovie w as a little S p e a k e r 3 w a s s p e a k in g _______________ t o ________________ .
S p e a k e r 4 w a s s p e a k in g _______________ t o ________________ .
boring . (b o re d / b o rin g ) S p e a k e r 5 w a s s p e a k in g _______________ t o ________________ .
2 I f e lt v e r y ________________________ w h e n I r e a liz e d b L is te n a g a in a n d c o m p le te th e table.
m y m istake, (em barrassed / em barrassing)
What they wanted What they
3 H e ’s ________________________ b e c a u se th e p r in t e r to say actu a lly said
isn 't w orkin g , (frustrated / fru strating )
Speaker 1 inhaler
4 T h e fin a l quarter o f the gam e w as really Speaker 2
________________________ . (e x c ite d / e x c itin g ) Speaker 3
Speaker 4
5 W e haven't heard fro n t h e r sin ce she a rrive d Speaker 5
in B a n g k o k — i t ’s v e r y _______________________ .
(w orried / w o rryin g ) c L is t e n a g a in w it h th e a u d io s c r ip t o n p. 7 1.
6 Y o u r t r ip s o u n d s r e a lly ________________________ USEFUL WORDS AND PHRASES
- t e ll m e m ore! (interested / in tere stin g )
Learn these words and phrases.
7 I’m tire d o f th is te rrib le w eather - it's so
. (depressed / depressing) lin k /lip k/
s c u b a d iv e / ‘s k u b a d a iv /
8 M a x w a s v e r y ________________________ w h e n s k ills /skilz/
he w asn 't chosen fo r the job. (disappointed / (dance) steps /steps/
disap poin ting ) m u ltilin g u a l /n u lU 'ln jg w al/
flu e n tly /'flu an tli/
c ^Z i r d J ) t h e -ed a d je c t iv e s i n e x e r c is e b w h e r e -ed is basic p hrases /beisrk 'fre iziz/
p ro n o u n c e d /id/. language b a rrie r /'ltepgw id3 bterisr/
teach y o u rse lf bo o ks /'titj yar'sslf boks/
m ore exceptions than rules /m or ik 'ssp jn z dan ru lz/
26
When a man opens th e car d oo r fo r his w ife
i t ’s e ith e r a n ew c a r o r a new w ife .
Duke of Edinburgh, husband of Queen Elizabeth II
4B Modern manners?
1 V O C A B U L A R Y phone language b C o rre c t any m istake s in use o r fo rm in the
C o m p le te the sentences. h ig h lig h te d phrases. C h e ck ( / ) the co rrect
sentences.
1 You m ust not use your phone in a quie t zone 1 People m ust not use their cell phones when
2 W h e n y o u f in is h a p h o n e c a ll, y o u h______________ th e y ’re t a lk in g to you.
u _______________ .
People shouldn’t use_________________________
3 I f som eone doesn't an sw er th e ir phone, you can leave a 2 I m u st go to w o rk by bus yesterday. M y car
m ______________ o n t h e ir v_______________.
w as b e in g repaired.
4 I f you're in a m eeting, y o u can pu t y o u r phone on
s______________ o r v _______________m o d e . 3 D o you have to w ear a su it and tie at w ork?
5 I f s o m e o n e 's p h o n e is o f f y o u c a n c______________ 4 Y o u d o n ’t have to p la y so cce r here. It says “ no
b______________la te r. b a ll gam es.”
6 T h e sou n d y o u r c e ll ph on e m akes w h e n som eone c a lls you is 5 M y father is a ta x i d riv e r and he should w o rk
a r ______________. n ig h ts .
7 I f y o u w an t to text y o u r frie n d s m ore cheaply, you can use 6 I d id n 't have to co o k last n ig h t because we
in ______________ m ______________ . w ent out fo r dinner.
8 W h e n y o u c a ll s o m e o n e , y o u h a v e to d ______________ t h e ir 7 In the future, m aybe everyone m ust speak
nu m ber by pressing som e keys. E n g lish and C hinese.
9 I f som eone is already ta lk in g o n th e ir ce ll phone w hen you call,
th e lin e is b______________.
10 Y o u ca n p ro te ct th e d isp la y o f y o u r c e ll p h o n e o r co m p u te r
w it h a sc______________ .
2 GRAMMAR modals of obligation: must, have to, should 8 You d o n 't lo o k w ell. Y ou sh ou ld to go hom e.
a (^Li7 d e)the c o r r e c t f o r m . C h e c k ( / ) i f b o t h a re p o s s ib le .
W hat you need to know before you visit the US
You have to / must have a visa to 7 If you are sightseeing in N ew York,
enter the country. / you must / should buy a MetroCard
2 You must not / don't have to drive on that gives you cheaper travel on the
subway and buses.
the left! Here we drive on the right!
8 You must not / don't have to
3 You must not / don't have to pay to
smoke in any public building. It is
visit most museums and art galleries. prohibited by law.
Entrance is usually free.
4 You have to / should go on a ferry 9 W hen talking to Americans, you
to visit the Statue of Liberty. You can't shouldn't / don't have to ask them
go by bus. about their salary. Some people
5 You have to / must wear a seat belt might think this is rude.
at all times in a car. 10 You must / have to answer some
6 You must / should always try to arrive questions when you go through
immigration.
on time for an appointment or meeting.
Americans are very punctual!
27
3 PRONUNCIATION silent Ladies
consonants, linking first?
a C ro s s o u t the sile n t co n so n an t in the Nobody knows how long people have been using the words “Ladies First,”
w ords. nor is anyone sure where the concept came from. However, neither
1 w rite of these facts matters today. The important question is whether the
2 receipt tradition is still relevant, and if men should continue respecting it.
3 hour
4 sh o u ld n ’t In t h e p a s t, t h e r e w a s a s t r ic t s e t o f ru le s c o n c e r n in g m e n 's b e h a v io r to w a r d
5 exhausted w om en - o r rath e r “ ladies” as th e y w ere called then. M e n w earin g hats used
6 w a lk to take th e m o ff in th e p re se n ce o f w o m en . T hey used to stan d up w h e n e ve r
7 could a w om an en te re d o r le ft a room , and th e y did th e sam e a t a din in g table. M e n
8 debt used to hold a d o o r fo r a w om an to allo w h er to go th ro u g h first. They alw ays
used to pay fo r m eals - b u t w e'll co m e b a ck to th a t o n e later. A ll o f th e se
b L iste n and check. T h e n listen cu sto m s w e re co n sid e red g o o d m an n ers, an d p e o p le looked dow n on m en
w h o did n o t conform .
again and repeat the w ords.
c L iste n and repeat the sentences. T ry to In fa c t, t h is s e t o f ru le s a c tu a lly m a d e t h in g s e a s ie r f o r m e n . If th e y b ro k e a
rule, th ey knew p e rfe c tly w ell th a t th e y w e re going to o ffe n d som ebody. Today,
lin k the w ords. it is m u ch e a s ie r to c a u se o ffe n s e w ith o u t m ean ing to. For exam p le , if a m an
1 Y o u sh o u ld n ’t ta lk o n the phone w hen o p e n s a d o o r to le t a w om an th ro u g h first, and she d o es so w ith o u t saying
th a n k you, th e m an m ay fe e l o ffe n d e d . A n d if a m an in vites a w om an to a
yo u ’re d riv in g . re sta u ra n t o f his ch o ice on th e ir firs t date, and th e n asks h e r to pay h er h a lf o f
2 You m ust alw ays w ear y o u r seat belt in th e check, it m ay be th e w om an w h o gets upset. W om en no longer w an t to be
tre a te d as th e w e a k e r sex, w h ic h le av e s m e n in a d ile m m a . O n o n e hand, m en
the car. are co n sciou s o f th e “Ladies First” tradition , bu t on th e other, th e y do n ot w ant
3 You don 't have to w ear a u n ifo rm . to o ffe n d . O ften , th ey don 't know w h at to do.
4 Y o u sh o u ld n ’t ask a frie n d fo r m oney.
5 You have to w atch out fo r pickpocketers. T h e b e s t a d v ice is th is: if in d o u b t, m en sh o u ld fo llo w th e ru le s o f “ L a d ie s First.”
6 Y ou sh ou ld take a present fo r them . Even if th e w om an co n sid e rs th e b e h avio r inapp ropriate, sh e w ill still realize
th a t th e m an has g o o d m anners. T h is is p a rticu la rly re le v a n t o n th a t fir s t date
L is te n and check. T h e n listen w e w e re talking ab o u t. If th e m an has in vite d th e w om an out, th e n he should
again and repeat the sentences. pay th e ch e ck. A ctu ally, it's th e in v ita tio n to d in n e r its e lf th a t is im p o rta n t here,
n o t t h e a m o u n t o f m o n e y s p e n t. In g e n e ra l, w o m e n a p p r e c ia te a p ic n ic o r a
4 READING h o m e -m a d e d in n e r ju s t as m u ch as an e xp e n sive m eal.
a R ead the a rticle once and check ( / ) the S o th e a n s w e r t o o u r o rig in a l q u e s tio n is: yes. “ L a d ie s F ir s t” is still re le v a n t
best sum m ary. today, b u t n o t in th e sa m e w ay as it w as in th e past. M o s t w o m e n a p p re c ia te a
1 H o w m en should behave tow ard kind gesture m ad e by a m an, b u t he sh ou ld never a cco m p a n y it w ith th e w o rd s
w om en in the 21st century. “Lad ies F irst” - it spoils th e e ffe c t com pletely!
2 H ow m en behaved tow ard w om en
in the past.
3 T h e d iffe re n ce betw een m en’s and
w om en's m anners.
28
b R ead the a rticle ag ain and choose the 5 LISTENING
rig h t answ er. a L iste n to a ra d io p ro g ra m ab o u t good m a n n e rs in
1 A cco rd in g to the article... d iffe re n t co u n trie s. W h a t k in d o f ad vice d o the fo u r p eople ask
a the idea o f “ L a d ie s firs t” started in the ab o u t? C h e c k ( / ) the c o rre c t answ ers. T h e re is o n e piece o f ad vice
M id d le Ages. you do n ot need to use.
b the idea o f “ L a d ie s f ir s t ” is a n e w idea,
(c) it’s no t k n o w n w h e n the idea o f 1 A d v ice about h o w to behave in business situations.
“ Ladies firs t” started. 2 A d v ic e a b o u t b o d y language.
3 A d v ic e about m eetin g new people.
2 In th e p a s t... 4 A d v ic e about fo rm in g a lin e.
a m en d id n't kn o w how to behave 5 A d v ice about v is itin g som eone's house.
tow ard wom en.
b “ Lad ies firs t” w as very polite, b L iste n again and ch o o se the rig h t answ ers.
c it d id n ’t m atter i f m en broke the rules.
1 A c c o r d in g to th e e x p e rt, in T h a ila n d y o u sh o u ld n o t g ive a “w a i” t o ...
3 N ow adays,m en... a people w h o are older than y o u .
a aren't sure ho w to behave b anyone.
tow ard wom en, © people w ho are younger than you.
b behave in the sam e way
tow ard wom en, 2 W h e n is it polite to say th a n k you in B ra zil?
c have new ru le s to follow . a w hen a friend offers you a d rin k
b w hen a stranger opens a door
4 A c c o rd in g to the article, m en sh o u ld ... c both a and b are correct
a not th in k about w hat w om en want,
b fo llo w the rules o f “ Ladies first.” 3 W h ic h gesture, often m ade b y p o lice officers, is an in su lt in G reece?
c not fo llo w the rules o f “ Ladies first.” a “C o m e here.”
b “ Stop.”
5 A c c o r d in g to th e a rtic le , w o m e n ... c “G o away.”
a alw ays w an t expensive things,
b d o n ’t lik e it w h e n m e n c o o k . 4 A fo r e ig n p e r s o n in K o r e a . ..
c lik e a m eal at hom e o r in a restaurant. a m ust not bow to anyone,
b m ust bow to everyone.
c L o o k at the h ig h lig h te d w o rd s and c ca n b o w to show politeness.
phrases. W h a t do you th in k they m ean? 5 A c c o r d in g to the e x p e rt, i f a K o re a n p e rs o n is happy, th e y b o w v e ry ...
U se y o u r d ic tio n a ry to lo o k up th eir a quickly.
m e a n in g and p ro n u n cia tio n . b slow ly,
c deeply.
d F in d the h ig h lig h te d w o rd s o r phrases
c L iste n again w ith the a u d io s c rip t o n p. 71.
in the text to m atch the d e fin itio n s.
USEFUL WORDS AND PHRASES
1 no t rig h t fo r a p a rticu la r situation
Learn these words and phrases.
i n a p p r o p r i a t e ______________________
e tiq u e tte /'etakot/
2 an a ctio n that show s other people how m a n n e rs /'m asnarz/
you feel
h o st I hostess /h o u st/ /'houstas/
3 u n derstand the value o f so m e th in g
behave /bi'heiv/
4 an idea deserve /dr'zarv/
d is tu rb /di'starb/
5 upset som ebody in a p p ro p ria te /ina'proopriot/
in s u ltin g /in'sAltiq/
6 thought they were better than
a lle r g ic to / a 'b r d 3rk ta/
sh o u ld have (w ritte n ) /Jod av/
g E f r ® O - T g FILE 4
29
5A It's n o t w h e th e r y o u w in o r lo s e t h a t m a tte rs ,
b u t w h e th e r I w in or lose.
Sandy Lyle, Scottish golfer
Sports superstitions
1 G R A M M A R past tenses 3 READING
C o m p le te the sentences w ith the co rre ct fo rm o f a R ea d the a rtic le o n p. 31 once. C o m p le te the
the verbs in parentheses. U se the sim p le past, past
co n tin u o u s, o r past perfect. sentences.
1 W e w ere late. W h e n w e arrived (arrive), e veryon e 1 T h e b o y w a s p la y in g ______________________________ .
else hadfinished (fin ish ) th e ir lu n ch and they 2 H e c h e a te d b y t a k in g ______________________________.
were sitting (sit) o n th e p a tio h a v in g co ffe e .
b R ead the a rtic le again. M a r k the sentences T (true)
2 T h e y ______________ (d riv e ) to th e a ir p o r t w h e n th e y o r F (false).
s u d d e n ly ______________ (re m e m b e r) th a t th e y
____________________ (n o t t u r n o f f ) th e lig h ts . 1 A c c o rd in g to the article, people u su a lly learn _F_
not to cheat w hen they are young ch ildren .
3 T h e g a m e ____________________ (a lre a d y / s ta rt) w h e n __
w e ______________ (tu rn o n ) the T V . T h e R e d S o x ___________ 2 B la n k tile s can be used w hen players d o n ’t
(lo se ) a n d t h e y ______________ (p la y ) v e r y b a d ly. have the rig h t letter. __
__
4 I ____________________ (n o t r e c o g n iz e ) m a n y p e o p le 3 T h e b oy w as one o f the best players in the __
at m y o ld school reunion because everyone tournam ent. __
______________ (ch a n g e) a lo t in t w e n ty y e a rs. __
4 T h e p revious day, the boy had beaten
5 M y s is t e r ______________ (w a it) to g o o u t f o r d in n e r A rth u r M oore.
y e s te rd a y w h e n h e r b o y f r ie n d ______________ (c a ll) h e r to
sa y th a t h e ______________ (n o t c a n ) c o m e b e ca u se h is c a r 5 M o o re caught the boy w h ile he w as m akin g
_______________( b re a k d o w n ). a w ord.
6 R e a l M a d r id ______________ (beat) B a rc e lo n a yesterday. 6 H e saw the boy take a b lank tile out o f
B a r c e lo n a ______________ (w in ) 1 - 0 in the f ir s t h a lf, b u t his pocket.
M a d r id ______________ (score) tw o g o a ls in the se co n d h a lf.
7 T h e b o y a n s w e re d th e t o u r n a m e n t d ir e c t o r ’s
7 H e ______________ (ru n ) to th e s t a tio n , b u t th e n in e questions tru th fu lly .
o 'c lo c k t r a i n ____________________ (a lre a d y / leave).
T h e station w as em pty except fo r tw o people w ho 8 H e w asn't allow ed to co ntinue playing.
_______________(w a it) fo r th e n e x t tr a in .
c L o o k at the h ig h lig h te d w o rd s and phrases. W h a t
8 I t ______________(start) r a in in g w h e n I ______________ (w alk) do you th in k they m ean? U se y o u r d ic tio n a ry to
to w o r k . I ______________ (ca ll) a c a r s e r v ic e b e ca u se lo o k up th e ir m e a n in g and p ro n u n cia tio n .
I _____________ (n o t w e a r) a c o a t a n d I ______________
(not have) an um brella. d C o m p le te the sentences w ith one o f the h ig h lig h te d
w ords o r phrases.
2 P R O N U N C IA T IO N /or/, /or/
1 Jam es discretely b o u g h t th e p re se n t w h e n h is
a (Ci r c l e ) t h e w o r d w it h a d if f e r e n t s o u n d .
w ife w asn’t lookin g.
2 4 Xw 2 S a m ____________________ t e llin g lie s a b o u t h e r
13
bird c o lle a g u e s .
horse bird horse 3 T h e a th le te w a s ____________________ a fte r he m a d e
court
four firs t course serve th ree false starts.
shorts hurt flo o r s h irt 4 M y c o m p u te r is b ro k e n , s o I ’m g o in g to
warm up sports score worse
(w ork outD w o rld w o rst it w ith a new one.
5 S h e b e c a m e ____________________ w h e n sh e fo u n d
L iste n and check. T h e n liste n ag ain and
repeat the w ords. the tra in tickets in h is p o c k e t.
6 H e c o u ld n 't ____________________ th e m a n o f
ly in g because there w as no p ro o f he had done
an yth in g bad.
7 Ja c k b e a t h i s ____________________ 6 - 1 , 6 - 3 .
8 T h e y ____________________ to s t e a lin g a fte r th e y lo s t
th e ir jobs.
It ’s n o rm a l fo r young children to cheat when they're com petitions before. This made some o f th e o th e r players
playing board games. As they grow older, they realize th a t suspicious, including the man who caught him, 43-year-old
the fun is actually in taking p a rt in the game, not necessarily A rth u r M oore. M oore had already played th e boy th e day
in w inning it. By th e tim e the y reach th e ir teens, the y have before, and Moore had won the game, although the boy had
usually learned n o t to cheat. Sadly, this was n o t th e case had both o f th e blank tiles. In Scrabble, befo re a new game
fo r a player in a national board game championship held starts, th e players put th e tiles from the previous game
annually in th e US. The player w anted to w in so much th a t back into a small bag. This time, Moore had a good look at
he resorted to cheating. th e tiles on th e ta b le before he and his o pp o n e n t put them
in the bag to s ta rt th e game. He was n o t surprised to see
The board game was Scrabble. This is a w ord game th a t th a t the tw o blanks were to g e th e r on the table in fro n t of
was created in 1938 by an Am erican a rc h ite c t named A lfred th e boy. As th e tw o players w ere p u ttin g th e tile s in to the
Mosher Butts. In the game, players have to make words bag, M oore discretely w atched th e boy’s le ft hand. He saw
fro m individual letters on small squares called "tiles/ 1and the boy pick up the tw o blanks, and put his hand under
then put the words on a board. Two o f the most useful tiles the table. This was the signal fo r Moore to call one o f the
in the game are the blanks, which are tiles w ith o u t any organizers and accuse the boy o f cheating.
le tte rs on them . A blank isn’t w o rth any points, b u t a player
can use it to replace any le tte r o f the alphabet. When the boy was taken away fo r questioning, he
a dm itted to taking the tw o blanks during the game and
The cheater in this particular tournam ent was a 15-year-old hiding the m under the table. As a result o f his cheating, the
boy fro m Orlando, Florida. He had surprised organizers in tournam ent d ire ctor disqualified him and banned him from
th e early stages o f th e com petition by beating some of the playing in th e co m p e titio n again.
best players, despite th e fa c t th a t he had never played in
31
4 VOCABULARY sports 5 LISTENING
a R ead the d e fin itio n s and w rite the w ords. a C ffiEfil& fli L is te n to a ra d io p ro g ra m ab o u t a sp o rts scand al.
1 an area o f w ater that sw im m e rs use W h ic h c o u n try w o n the c o m p e titio n in the end?
swimming pool b L is te n a g a in a n d m a rk th e se n ten ce s T (true) o r F (false). _F
2 the person w ho co n tro ls a soccer game __
1 T h e scandal happened d u rin g the tenn is tournam ent o f __
r ___________________ the 2012 O lym p ics.
3 an area w here sk iin g is done __
2 S o u th K o re a and India w ere in volved in the scandal. __
s_______________ 3 It happened d u rin g the fir s t stage. __
4 to h it so m eth ing w ith y o u r foot 4 O n e w ay they cheated w as by h ittin g the shuttlecock __
__
k________________ in to the net.
5 T h e sam e th in g happened in another m atch.
5 som ebody w ho is very enthusiastic 6 T h e team s cheated because they had been offered m oney.
about sports 7 T h e crow d d id n ’t enjoy the m atches.
f ___________________ 8 South K o re a w o n the s ilv e r m edal.
6 an area w here g o lf is played c L iste n ag ain w ith the a u d io sc rip t o n p. 72.
c ___________________
USEFUL WORDS AND PHRASES
7 exercise to becom e h ealthy and stron g
g----------------------------- i n s --------------------------- Learn these words and phrases.
8 an area o f g ro u n d w here people fate /feit/
play soccer ritu a ls /'ritju alz/
f ___________________ su p e rstitio n /supar'stijn/
bounce /bauns/
9 a person w ho tra in s people to com pete in cheat /tjit/
certain sports reveal /ri'vil/
c ___________________ sw eat /swst/
a lu c k y c h a r m /ə ' U k i t ja r m /
10 a large structure, u su a lly w ith no roof, re su lt in /ri'ZAlt in/
where people can sit and w atch sports tie y o u r shoelaces /ta i yar 'fuleisiz/
s t ___________________
b C o m p le te the sentences w ith the sim p le
past o f the verbs in the box.
beat g e t injured lose play- score
th ro w tie train w arm up win
1 T h e U S played R u ssia la st n ig h t fo r
the cham pion sh ip.
2 T h e t e a m ______________ h a rd e v e ry d ay
before the tournam ent.
3 T h e C a n a d ia n r u n n e r ______________ th e
race. H e go t the go ld m edal.
4 T h e p la y e r s _____________________________
by jog g in g and d o in g easy exercises just
before the gam e started.
5 J o e ______________ th e s c o re w h e n he h it a
home run!
6 I d id n ’t play w e ll in the s e m ifin a l round.
I _________ J_____ 2 - 6 , 1 - 6 .
7 M a r c ______________ th e b a ll to h is
b ro th er, b u t h is b ro th e r d ro p p e d it.
8 B r a z i l ______________ S w e d e n . T h e y h a d a
m uch better team .
9 T h e A r g e n t in ia n s t r i k e r ______________
fo u r goals in the last game.
10 O u r best p la y e r__________________________
in the second h a lf and w as taken o f f the
fie ld to see the team 's doctor.
32
Love is lik e w ar: e a s y to begin b u t v e ry hard to stop .
HL Mencken, USjournalist
5B Love at Exit 19
1 GRAMMAR usually and used to 2 PRONUNCIATION sentence stress;
a C o rre c t any m istakes in th e h ig h lig h te d phrases. the letter s
C h e ck ( / ) the co rrect sentences. a Tt333l L is t e n a n d re p e a t. C o p y th e r h y t h m .
1 W h ere d id you used to live before you m oved here?
1 W h e r e did you u s e to liv e ?
did y o u use to live?____________________________________ 2 D id you u s e to w e a r g la s s e s ?
3 T h e y u s e d to h a v e a lo t o f m o n e y .
2 Jerry used to have a heard, but he shaved it o f f last w eek. 4 H e u s e d to g o to m y s c h o o l.
✓ ___________________________ 5 W e u s e d to w o r k t o g e t h e r .
6 You u s e d to h a v e lo n g h a ir .
3 I u s u a lly go to the g y m w h e n I leave w o rk. 7 W e d id n ’t u s e to g e t a lo n g .
8 I d i d n ’t u s e to l i k e it.
4 M y w ife d o e s n ’t u se to w e a r m akeup . S h e d o e sn ’t lik e it.
b (tq u r d e ) th e w o r d w it h a d if f e r e n t s o u n d .
5 D id you use to have long h air?
1 2 3J 4
6 I use to w a lk to w ork. M y o ffice is o n ly ten m inutes
from m y house. snake zebra shower m
see eyes
7 C a ro l d id n 't used to ta lk to m e, but n o w she alw ays (friends) easy tissue television
says hello. most especially please
social nowadays sure usually
8 D o you use to get up late o n Sundays? sugar pleasure
decision
9 D id you used to w atch cartoons w hen you w ere little? music
10 W e d o n 't u su a lly stay in expensive hotels, b u t th is c L is te n and check. T h e n lis te n ag ain and
w eekend is special.
repeat the w ords.
b C o m p le t e th e s e n te n c e s w it h usually o r th e c o r r e c t
3 VOCABULARY relationships
fo rm o f used to, a n d th e v e rb s in pa ren th eses.
1 Sh e used to wear glasses, b u t n o w she has a C o m p le te the sentences w ith the p eople in the box.
co n ta ct lenses, (wear) classmates close friend colleague couple
2 H e ________________________ a n im a ls , b u t n o w h e h a s ex fiance roommate w ife
a dog. (not like) 1 W e ’re m arried . S h e 's m y wife__________ .
3 I ________________________ m y p a re n ts o n S u n d a y . 2 I share an apartm ent
S h e ’s m y _________________.
It’s g o o d to ta lk to them , (call) w ith her. H e ’s m y _________________ .
4 I ________________________ F r e n c h c la sse s, b u t I s to p p e d 3 I w o rk w ith him .
4 W e used to go to school W e w e r e _________________ .
because I d o n 't have tim e now . (take) H e 's m y _________________ .
5 W e n e v e r ________________________ , b u t n o w w e g o to together. S h e ’s m y _________________.
5 I'm go in g to m a rry h im .
re sta u ran ts tw ic e a w eek, (eat out) 6 I used to go out w ith her. S h e ’s a ___________________.
6 I ________________________ la te , b u t to d a y I h a ve a lo t 7 W e've k n o w n each other
W e 're a __________________ .
to do. (not w ork) fo r a long tim e. I te ll her
7 M y s is t e r ________________________ v e r y shy, b u t n o w e v e ry th in g .
8 W e ’ve been go in g out
sh e ’s c o n fid e n t, (be) together for three years.
8 T h e y ________________________ m e a p re s e n t o n m y
b irth d ay, b u t th is ye a r they forgot! (give)
b C o m p le te the text w ith th e sim p le past o f the 4 READING
verbs in the box. a R ea d the a rticle once. H o w m any frie n d s does the average
A m e ric a n have?
be together become friends break up
g e t along g e t to know g e t in tou ch g e t married
go o u t to g e th e r have (sth) in common
lose touch meet- propose
A n n a 1 met L u k e w h e n sh e sta rte d w o rk. Your
friends in
T h e y 2____________ e a c h o t h e r q u ic k ly b e c a u s e numbers
th e y sat n e x t to each o th e r in th e office. T h e y
s o o n 3____________ a n d t h e y d is c o v e r e d th a t How many fr ie n d s does th e averag e p e rs o n have?
t h e y 4____________ a l o t _____________ b e c a u s e A researcher at C o rn e ll U n iv e rsity recently d id a study
t h e y w e r e b o th s p o r t s fa n s . T h e y 5____________ to learn the nu m ber o f frie n d s a ty p ic a l A m e rica n has.
a few tim e s a fte r w o rk a n d th e y fe ll in love. H e in terview ed m ore th a n 2 ,0 0 0 adults aged 18 and over in
T h e y 6____________ fo r a y e a r, b u t t h e y a rg u e d his study. H e asked them to lis t the nam es o f the people they
a lo t, a n d i n th e e n d t h e y 7____________ . A f t e r had discussed serious m atters w ith in the last s ix m onths.
that, A n n a got a new job in a diffe re n t tow n and A b o u t 48% o f the people ta k in g p a rt gave the researcher one
so t h e y 8____________ . T e n y e a r s la te r, th e y
9____________ a g a in o n F a c e b o o k . T h e y w e re nam e, 18% gave h im tw o, and about 29% gave h im m ore
b o th s t ill sin g le and M a rk h a d ch an g ed jobs,
too. T h e y d e cid e d to try again, a n d th is tim e than tw o.
th e y 10___________ b e tt e r t h a n b e fo re , m a y b e
because th ey w eren't w o rk in g together. A fte r These results c o n tra st d ra m a tic a lly w ith the new s published by
s ix m o n th s , L u k e 11____________ a n d A n n a the so cia l n e tw o rk in g site Facebook recently. T h e y said th a t the
a c c e p te d . T h e y 12____________ la s t s p r in g . average user o n the site has 130 friends. T h e C o rn e ll U n ive rsity
A lo t o f th e ir old colleagues from w o rk cam e study fo u n d the average num ber o f friends to be a lo t low er -
to the w edding! 2.03 to be exact. T h e researcher from C o rn e ll has explained that
34 the difference lies in the d e fin itio n o f the w o rd friend. A friend
on Facebook m ay be a person w ho the user has met by chance
o r som eone th at they w ill never m eet in real life. H ow ever,
th e frie n d s in th e re se a rch e r’s s tu d y a re c lo s e frie n d s , w h o
particip an ts feel com fortable discussing th eir problem s w ith.
In a sim ila r study conducted 25 years ago, particip an ts had
a h igher nu m ber o f close friends. T h en , the average num ber
w as three. D espite the lo w er num ber, the researcher does
n o t believe th a t p eople are g e ttin g m o re is o la te d . Instead he
th in k s it’s a sign that they are becom in g better at ch o o sin g
w h o they can tru st w ith th eir secrets.
T h is is su pp orted by the n u m b e r o f people in the stu d y w h o
co u ld not th in k o f any nam es o f close friends they w o u ld
discuss th eir personal problem s w ith . T h e percentage o f these
p a rticip a n ts is the sam e th is tim e as it w as 2 5 years ago. In
both studies, just over 4% o f the p a rticip an ts gave researchers
no nam es. A pparently, the people w ho fa ll in to th is category
are m o re lik e ly to be m en, o r p e o p le w ith less edu catio n .
In general, the researcher fro m C o rn e ll regards these fin din gs
as positive. In his o p in io n , they suggest th at, at least in the case
o f A m e ric a n s , people are n o t b e co m in g less sociable.
b R ead the a rticle again and choose the best answ er. 5 LISTE N IN G
1 M o s t people in the C o rn e ll U n iv e rsity study had a Y o u are g o in g to hear a ra d io p ro g ra m about
sp o k e n a b o u t s o m e th in g im p o rt a n t w it h . .. re se arch o n love and a ttra ctio n . N u m b e r the to p ics in the
(a) one person, o rder you hear them .
b tw o people,
c m ore th an tw o people. a H o w to use y o u r eyes at a firs t m eeting. __
b B o d y language at a firs t m eeting. __
2 T h e new s published by Facebook is d ifferent c H o w to use y o u r voice at a firs t m eeting. J_
fr o m th e re s u lts in th e C o r n e ll s tu d y b e c a u s e ... d H o w m u ch to sm ile at a firs t m eeting. __
a the people are d iffe re n t ages.
b the studies are fro m d iffe re n t years, b L is te n a g a in a n d m a rk th e se n ten ce s T (true) o r F (false).
c the re la tio n sh ip s aren’t the same.
1 It's v e ry im p o rta n t to say the rig h t th in g the fir s t tim e _F_
3 A c c o rd in g to a previous study, people had you ta lk to som eone you like.
close frie n d s in the past. __
2 A person's b o d y language can m ake th em m ore __
a m ore __
b the sam e num ber o f a ttra c tiv e .
c few er 3 L o o k in g in t o s o m e o n e ’s eyes c a n m a k e th e m fe e l __
4 T h e num ber o f people w ith no close friends __
i s ______________ it w a s in th e past. m ore attracted to you. __
a higher than 4 T here w ere tw o w ed din gs after an e xperim ent in
b the sam e as
c low er than N ew York.
5 T h e results o f the C o rn e ll study show that 5 S ta n d in g up straight is a good w ay to keep som eone’s
A m e r ic a n s to d a y a r e ______________ th e y
used to be. a tte n tio n .
a m ore sociable than 6 A person w ill copy you r body language i f they th in k
b as sociable as
c less sociable than you are interesting.
7 It is im p o ssib le to k n o w i f som eone is s m ilin g w hen
c L o o k at the h ig h lig h te d w o rd s and phrases.
W h a t do you th in k they m ean? U se you r you're ta lk in g to th em on the phone.
d ic tio n a ry to lo o k up th e ir m e a n in g and 8 O fte n w h en one person sm iles, o ther people sm ile too.
p ro n u n cia tio n .
c L is te n ag ain w ith the a u d io s c rip t o n p. 72.
d C o m p le te the sentences w ith one o f the USEFUL WORDS AND PHRASES
h ig h lig h te d w ords o r phrases. L earn these words and phrases.
1 I found an old p a in tin g by chance w h ile ca n d le /'ktendl/
co m m u te r /ka'm yutor/
I w as cle a n in g the attic. cute /kyut/
lik e ly /T aikli/
2 I w o u ld n ’t _________________m y s o n w it h m y ra ise th e b a rrie r /re iz ðə 'bteriar/
p h o n e . H e ’d p r o b a b ly b r e a k it.
a d d ic te d to (sth) /a'drktad ta/
3 H o w m u c h m o n e y d o e s _________________
__________________________________ e a r n p e r y e a r? n ig h t sh ifts /'n a it Jifts/
tu rn o u t (to be) /tarn 'aot/
4 T h e y ta lk e d a b o u t ________________________
_________________f ir s t , a n d t h e n m o v e d o n to the exchange a few w ord s /iks'tjeind3 ə fy u w ardz/
less im p o rta n t th ing s. fin d th e c o u ra g e (to d o sth) /farn d ðə 'k a n d 3/
5 T h e r ic h e r p a r ts o f t o w n ________________________ & M l FILE 5
_________________w it h th e p o o r e r o u ts k ir ts .
6 S o m e te e n a g e rs a r e _________________
__________________________________ b e ca u se th e y
spend so m uch tim e on th eir com puters.
35
Practical English Old friends
1 PERMISSION AND REQUESTS 3 READING it* I
a C o m p le te the requests w ith the co rre ct fo rm o f
the verbs in the box.
d o join pass meet take visit T he US is huge, so fly in g is th e q u ickest w a y to get a ro u n d
th e c o u n try It ca n be e xp e n sive though, so h e re are som e
1 C o u ld you do m e a big favor? o th e r w a y s o f g ettin g around.
I f y o u aren 't in a h u rry , the b est a lte rn a tive is to go b y car. Y o u
2 D o y o u m in d i f I _________________y o u ? have to b e at le ast 25 y e a rs o ld to re n t a c a r in the States, and
3 W o u ld y o u m i n d ________________ m e at y o u n e e d a v a lid d riv e r's lice n s e a n d a m a jo r c re d it c a rd to do so.
T h e re a re a lo t o f re n ta l ca r com panies, a n d th e ir p ric e s v a ry a
the airp o rt? lot. C o m p a re co m p a n ie s b e fo re y o u d e cid e w h ic h o ne to use, a n d
4 Is it O K i f w e _________________m y p a re n ts rem em b er it ca n be ch eaper to b o o k fo r a w e e k th a n for a day.
If yo u p re fe r to be d riv e n rath e r th a n d riv in g y o u rs e lf the
th is w eekend? n e x t best w a y to tra ve l is b y bus. G re y h o u n d is the m a jo r lo n g
5 C a n y o u ________________ th e sa lt? distan ce b u s com pany, an d it h a s routes th ro u g h the U S a n d
6 D o y o u t h in k y o u c o u ld ________________ C anada. T ick e ts are m u ch cheaper if y o u b u y th em seven days
in advance, a n d th ere are o fte n o th e r offers. I f yo u 're tra v e lin g
m e to the tra in station? w it h a frie n d , y o u r c o m p a n io n g e ts 50% o ff i f y o u b u y th e
tick e ts th re e days b efore y o u travel, a n d c h ild re n b e tw e e n the
b M a tch the requests fro m a w ith the responses a-f. ages o f tw o a n d e le v e n g e t a 40% d isco u n t.
A n a lte rn ative to u sin g the b u s is to take the tra in . A m tra k
a O f co u rse not. T ake a seat, is th e A m e ric a n ra il com pany, an d it h a s lo n g -d ista n ce lin e s
b Sure. H e re it is. c o n n e ctin g a ll o f th e b igg est cities. It also ru n s b u se s fro m
c Yes, o f course. W h a t tim e ’s y o u r tra in ? m a jo r statio ns to sm a lle r to w n s a n d n a tio n a l p a rks. F a re s v a ry
d ]t d e p en d s w h a t i t is! d e p e n d in g o n th e ty p e o f tra in a n d th e seat, b u t y o u n eed to
e N o t at all. W h e n do you land? re se rv e at least th re e d a ys ah ead to get a d isco u n t. S tu den ts
f Sure. W h ic h day w o u ld be best? w i t h a n in t e r n a t io n a l s t u d e n t c a r d g e t 15% o f f th e r e g u la r fa re .
B rin g y o u r o w n fo o d because th e d in in g c a r is e xpen sive.
2 SOCIAL ENGLISH
a R e a d the text an d an sw e r the qu estions.
C o m p le te the dialo gu e.
1 W h a t do you need to rent a car in the U S ?
Jay Dan! It’s g re a t t o 1s ee you.
You need a valid driver’s license and a major credit card.______
Dan You too, Jay. I t ’s been years.
Jay H o w 2 c____________ you’re so late? 2 W h a t is the difference betw een a ll the ca r re n ta l com panies?
Dan My flig h t was delayed, and then I had to w ait
3 W h ere does the G reyh o u n d bus com pany operate?
forever for a taxi.
Jay Well, you're here now. Do you w a n t som ething 4 H o w can you save m oney i f you're tra ve lin g alone by bus?
to eat? 5 H o w m uch do students pay o n A m tra k trains?
Dan N o 3w _____________ , man! I w a n t to go o u t
6 W h a t should lo n g -d istan ce ra il passengers take w ith them ?
and see the city!
Jay Don’t you w a n t to unpack firs t? b U n d e rlin e fiv e w o rd s o r p h ra se s y o u d o n ’t k n o w . U se y o u r
Dan No, I can do th a t later. B ut I’ll take a shower,
d ic tio n a ry to lo o k up th e ir m e a n in g and p ro n u n cia tio n .
if you d o n 't4m____________ .
Jay Sure. Go ahead.
Dan This is great. You and me g e ttin g ready to
go out.
Jay Yeah. It’s ju s t like the o ld 5d____________ .
Dan OK, I’m ready. L e t’s go. We have a lo t to
61____________ about.
Listening
1 A))) a lot o f sugar. Personally, Ith in k you Jane A n d you know w hat you r parents
H ost W e lco m e b a ck to the show'. Today, should eat a little o f everything and not are like. T hey let the kids do everything
too m uch o f one thing. they w ant to do.
we’ve been discussing Teresa G o ld 's
H ost T h a n ks, Rosie. A n d that's a ll we Terry H m rn. I guess you don’t w ant to
a rtic le The Truth About Healthy Eating.
have tim e fo r today. W e 'll be speaking to m ove in w ith m y parents, then.
A n d now it's tim e fo r you, the listeners, the w rite r o f the article after the break.
to tell us w hat you th in k. T he lines Jane N o t really, no. W o u ld you like to
are open, so a ll you have to do is ca ll 1 B)))
1-800-555-5792 and talk to one o f ou r move in w ith m ine?
operators. T hat's 1-800-555-5792. T erry I ’m exhausted!
A n d it looks like we have o u r first Jane M e too. I haven't stop ped a ll day. Terry N o , d e fin ite ly n o t ... A ctu ally,
caller. K e v in from M ia m i, tell us w hat T e rry N e ith e r have I.
you th in k about the article. Jane O h , w ell. I guess it 'll get easier th ing s aren't so bad rig h t now.
Kevin W ell, l'd lik e to say that Idon't when the kids grow up. Jane I agree.
Terry A n d the k id s w ill be older soon.
agree w ith the article at all. I don't Terry D o you th ink so? Jane Yes, they w ill.
eat m any fru its o r vegetables, and I'm Jane O f course. W h e n th ey’re older, Terry T h a t's settled then. W e're
perfe ctly healthy. I haven't called in sick
to w o rk fo r years - 1can't rem em ber the th ey'll be m ore independent. W e staying here.
last tim e I had to stay in bed. T h is five- w on't have to do everything fo r them
a-day th in g is garbage, isn’t it? anym ore. Jane Fine.
H ost U m ... th a n k you, K e v in . 1th in k Terry A n d how long w ill that take? Five, 2 A)))
we have another caller on lin e two. s ix years? O r m aybe never! Speaker 1: C a n I live o n m y salary?
K ate fro m Chicago, are you there?
Jane L o o k , w h a t’s th e p ro b le m , T e rry ? W ell, I don't really have many
K ate Yes, I am. W e ll, I'm sure the w rite r Terry N o th in g . It's just that we never problem s, because I’m s till liv in g w ith
my m om and dad. D o n 't get me wrong,
kn o w s w hat she's ta lk in g about, b u t it have tim e fo r each other these days. I give m y m om som e m oney fo r rent,
is n 't th a t easy. I m ean , i t ’s h a rd e n o u g h W e're alw ays w ith the kids! bu t it ’s d e fin ite ly m u ch ch e a pe r than
to get kid s to eat vegetables at the best liv in g on you r ow n. I actually have
o f tim es, bu t w ith a ll these burger Jane B ut that's w hat happens w hen you a pretty good salary - I'm a graphic
and p izza places around, it's alm ost designer. I d o n 't re ally spend m uch - 1
im possible. O nce they get the taste for have kids. It'll get better! buy som e new clothes every now and
ju n k food, you can forget the five-a-day, then, and I have to put gas in m y car, o f
T erry I d o n 't k n o w ... M y parents were course, but apart from that, it's really
th a t’s fo r sure! just going out on the weekends. M o s t o f
ta lk in g about us going to live w ith m y m oney goes into a savings account
H ost T h an ks, Kate. A n d w ho's our so that I can buy m y o w n house one day.
them. D o you th in k it w ou ld be easier
next caller? for us if we lived w ith my parents? Speaker 2 : I fin d it really hard to live
Derek U m , m y nam e's D e rek and I'm Jane W e ll, I guess it'd have its on m y incom e because I o nly have a
part-tim e job. B eing on m y o w n w ith
fro m W ashington, D .C . advantages. my daughter means that my m om has
to take care o f h e r w hen I'm at w ork. A t
Host A n d w hat do you think, Derek? Terry Yeah, I m ean fo r one th in g there'd least I don't have to pay fo r childcare!
D erek W e ll, I'd lik e to say th at 1th in k T h e house we live in is rented, so that's
always be som eone to take care o f where m ost o f the m oney goes. I don't
that the article is right. I mean, the the kids.
w riter talks about eating a lo t o f fru its t h in k I’ll e ve r be able to a ffo rd o u r o w n
and vegetables, w h ich is so m e th in g that Jane T h a t sounds good.
w e've alw ays done in m y fam ily. M y Terry A n d we could go out in the place because the bank w on't give me
m om 's a great cook. She always uses a mortgage. A p a rt fro m the rent, my
com pletely natural ingredients in her evening w ith o u t the kids. Just m oney goes to food and clothes fo r my
c o o k in g , a n d w e're a lm o s t ne ve r s ic k .... im agine that!
daughter. S till, Ishouldn’t com plain. I
H ost T h a n k you, D e rek. L e t’s go back to Jane H m rn . T h a t doesn't really m atter
have an am azin g daughter, and that's
line tw o again, where we have Rosie from to me. all that really matters.
Boston. Rosie, what's your opinion?
Terry A n d there w ould be m ore people Speaker 3: I th in k I'm really lucky.
Rosie W ell, the w riter seems to th in k that
to share the housew ork, too. It w ou ldn ’t I’m pretty healthy fo r my age, l have
A L L fru its and vegetables are good for always be the same person w ho does enough m oney to live on, and I have my
you, and I don’t th in k that's true. I mean, the shopping, cleans the house, and ch ild re n and grandchildren! W h e n I
what about potatoes? They contain a lot cooks the m eals. say I have enough money, I don't go on
o f carbohydrates, w hich can make you any fancy vacations o r anything like
g a in w eig h t ify o u are n 't ca re fu l - it ’s Jane Yes, but there w ould be m ore that. But I'm com fortable. I’ve paid the
even worse i f you fry them. A n d then m o rtg a g e , so th a t’s o ne less expense,
som e fruits, lik e m elon fo r exam ple, have people in the house, so there w ould
be m ore w'ork to do. S h o p p in g and 69
cookin g for six isn ’t the same as doing
it fo r four.
Terry I guess so.
Jane A n d another disadvantage is that
we w ou ld n 't have any privacy.
Terry True.
and l don't have any loans to pay either. H ost A n d is that the firs t place they've van. Lu ckily, I was d riv in g really slow ly
M y one little lu x u ry is going out for at the tim e, so I d id n 't do m uch damage
lunch a few tim es a week w ith some v is ite d ? to the van, but the fro n t o f m y car was
frie n d s . I guess th a t’s w h e re m o s t o f m y a real mess. Since then, I never use my
m oney goes - on food! John Oh, no. So far they’ve visited phone w hen I'm driving.
S p e a k e r 4: C a n we live o n o u r salaries? S p e a k e r 2: I was d riv in g to C olorado
W e ll, I'm not so sure, actually! M y seven countries. T h e ir firs t stop was one sum m er to v isit m y parents, w ho
husband is a teacher, so he doesn't earn Russia, where they took care o f babies live in Denver. It’s a long trip, so I
that m uch - de fin ite ly not enough to in an orphanage in the city o f Tom sk. had taken m y M P 3 player w ith me to
raise tw o children! T h a t means I have F rom there, they traveled to C h in a , connect to the car radio. S u rprisin gly,
to w ork, too - 1have a fu ll-tim e job at where they w orked w ith children w ith there w asn't m uch tra ffic o n the
the lo ca l superm arket. A n d really, that's physical d isa b ilitie s in Beijing. Then, freeway, so I arrived in D enver pretty
o u r biggest problem , because we need they flew to T h a ila n d where they quickly. How ever, I w as having such a
som eone to take care o f the children. helped take care o f the anim a ls at the good tim e liste n in g to m y m usic, that I
O u r babysitter costs a fortune -w e spend Elephant N ature Park. com pletely m issed the exits fo r Denver.
m ore o n child care than we do o n our I didn't realize u n til I had gone another
mortgage! T h e n there's food and new H ost W h a t a variety o f places. W here 20 m iles, so I had to tu rn around and
clothes fo r the children, too. H onestly, it drive a ll the w ay back again! It just goes
isn 't cheap having kid s these days! did they go next? to show w hat can happen when you
aren't concentrating.
2 B))) John T h e ir next stop w as India, where S p e a k e r 3: W e were on vacation last
year, w hen we had a little accident.
Host A n d now to end the show w ith an they w orked w ith children in the poorest W e were going som ew here w e'd never
d istrict o f the city o f H u b li. Then they been before, so we w ere fo llo w in g the
in sp ira tio n a l story, we have John to tell left A sia and flew to A fric a . In Rwanda, instructions on my G P S . W e heard
us about an in credible trip. they taught E ng lish to children w ho had on the rad io that there'd been a big
lost their parents in the c iv il war. From accident on one o f the roads \ve needed
John Yes, th ank you, N ora. H ave you there, they went to Zanzibar, an island to travel on, so I started adjusting my
o ff the coast o f Tanzania. G P S to fin d a different road to take. I
ever thought about traveling around took m y eyes o f f the road and suddenly
the w o rld and try in g to help people as H ost T h a t sounds very exotic! W h a t did
you go? W e ll that's w hat an A m e rica n we came to a sharp tu rn in the road. I
father and h is tw o adopted sons are they do there?
currently doing. j.D . L e w is is a single saw the tu rn too late, so I w ent straight
p a re n t an d a fo r m e r actor. H e ’s taken John T h e y helped fa m ilie s prepare an ahead and drove in to the m iddle o f a
his sons, Jackson, age 14 and Buck, field. W e were really lucky, though,
age 9, out o f school for a year to m ake art fair, where they could sell things because no one was hurt.
the trip w ith h im . A n d th e ir plan is to that they had made. N ext, they w ent to S p e a k e r 4: I don't usually get up early
help people along the w ay by doing Kenya, where they w rote and acted in a enough to put m y makeup on, so I
volunteer charity w ork. play w ith ch ild re n w ho have H IV . usually put it on in m y car. W ell, I used
to put it on in the car - now I w ait u n til
H ost T h a t sounds w on d e rfu l, but it H ost Wow', I bet that w as very I get to m y o ffic e . T h a t ’s because I had
kin d o f a shock the other week, w hen 1
m ust be an expensive trip . H o w m uch rew ardin g. D id they go anyw here else alm ost d id n ’t stop at a crossw alk. I was
w ill it all cost? in A frica? lo o k in g in the m irro r instead o f at the
road, so I d id n 't see th is little boy ru n
John It's going to cost them $ 3 0 0 ,0 0 0 John N o, that was the end o f A frica . out— to tell you the truth, I hadn't even
seen that there w as a cro ssw alk there. I
d o lla rs in total. From Kenya, they flew to Australia, just had tim e to step on the brakes and I
w h ic h is w'here they are rig h t now. m issed the little boy by about an inch. I
Host That's a lo t o f money. H o w did was really shocked afterw ard, though.
H ost A ll that sounds am azing, but their S p e a k e r 5: I w as d riv in g in to to w n to
they afford it? meet my g irlfriend fo r dinner when
trip isn ’t over, is it? she sent m e a text message. I decided
John W e ll, J.D L e w is d id n 't have a ll the to read it, in case it was im portant.
John N o, J.D. and his fam ily s till have A nyw ay, the message said that m y
money, so he set up an organization g irlfrie n d was already at the restaurant,
called Tw elve in Tw elve to help raise fo u r places to go: A n ta rc tic a , Paraguay, and I wanted her to know that I was
money, and w ith the help o f in d ivid u a ls Peru, and H aiti. N o t on ly are they trying going to be a little late, so w hen I
and som e com panies, they m anaged to to do things to help other people, but stopped at a red light, 1started to w rite
raise the money. they are hoping to learn a lo t o f new a reply. But I d id n 't notice w hen the
th ings themselves. A n d J.D. L e w is hopes tra ffic lig h t turned green, and the car
H ost Tw elve in Tw elve - that's an that the Tw elve in Tw elve organization behind crashed in to the back o f me.
w ill encourage other fam ilies to do what
unusual name. W h y did he ca ll it that? he has done w ith his sons.
John F o r a very good reason. N o t H ost W e ll, good luck to J.D. L e w is and
o n ly is th e ir trip going to last twelve his fa m ily on the rest o f th e ir incredible
m onths, bu t th e ir p lan is to v isit twelve trip . A n d th a t’s a ll w e have tim e fo r
countries. T h is m onth, they're in tonight, jo in us again tom orrow ' when
A u stra lia , where they're w o rk in g w ith w e’ll be b rin g in g you m ore real-life
the m ost im p o rta n t eth n ic group in stories.
the region - the A b o rig in e s. J.D and
his fa m ily are helping to get m edical 3 A)))
supplies to these people, w ho often live
a long way fro m the m ajor cities. S p e a k e r 1: O n e m o r n in g la s t w in te r, I
was d riv in g to w o rk late w hen m y cell
phone rang. I knew it was my boss,
so I answ ered it. Suddenly, the van
in fro n t o f me stopped because there
wras so m e o n e c ro s s in g the road. I w as
ta lk in g to m y boss, so I reacted to o late,
and m y ca r w ent in to the back o f the
70
T h e drive r o f the car said he thought I Frank W ell, I’m not surprised, to be at hom e w ith m y Spanish host fam ily,
w'as g o in g to s ta rt d r iv in g , so he m oved the G a rcias, h aving din n er. W e'd
forw ard and h it me. O f course I didn't honest w ith you. It seems to me that fin ish e d the m ain course and it was
tell h im I w as texting. g irls are getting la zie r and la zie r these tim e for dessert, so the w ife, M aria ,
days - i t ’s o n ly the o ld e r m o m s and asked m e i f I'd lik e som e fru it. I saw'
3 B)» grandm others w ho know how to cook. some bananas in the fru it bow l, so I
I mean, how can a w om an get m arried asked fo r a “platdn,” at w h ich p o in t the
H ost T rad itio n a lly in the U S , w om en i f she c a n ’t co o k?! I t h in k it ’s a disgrace! w hole fa m ily looked at me strangely.
T h e y th e n e x p la in e d to m e th a t I ’d
have cooked m ore than men, but Host T hank you, Frank. So, not all o f a ctu a lly asked fo r a large plate. “ P la to n ”
it looks as though th ings m ight be m eans “large plate” whereas “banana”
changing. A cco rd in g to a recent survey o u r lis te n e rs t h in k i t ’s a g o o d th in g . is “platano.”
by a frozen foods company, alm ost h a lf H o w about o u r next caller, M a rtin a ,
o f a ll m en in this country now prepare c a llin g fro m S outh F lo rid a ? Is it good Speaker 4: 1was in R io D e Janeiro in
the fa m ily meals. A n d they aren't just news or bad news fo r you, M artin a?
d o in g it because they have to - it ’s B ra zil w ith m y husband, and it was a
because they enjoy it. T h e survey M artina G o o d news. D efinitely. In very hot day, so we decided to take a
showed that 44 percent o f men who break from o u r sightseeing. W e found
were questioned d o a ll o f the cooking, m y house, 1do all the cooking. M y a street vendor se llin g cold d rin ks
an d s u r p r is in g ly , 15 p e rc e n t o f w o m e n boyfriend doesn’t cook at all - he can’t and snacks near the beach. I was so
questioned said that they d id n 't know even fry an egg! I mean, we bo th w ork hot and tired that I quickly ordered
fu ll tim e, so w hy can’t we share the w hat I thought was ice cream . 1said
how to cook. S o it seem s as i f m en are cooking? I’m really fed up w ith it, I “um a cosquinha p o r favor.” A s soon
really am. B ut I’m really happy fo r all as I ’d fin is h e d s p e a k in g , the street
m o vin g in to the kitchen, and maybe those w om en out there w ho have found vendor burst out laughing. H e qu ickly
w om en are m o vin g out. Is th is good a real man. I know' how you feel when apologized and explained in E ng lish
news? W h at do you think? C a ll us you have to do everything y o u rse lf th a t I ’d asked h im f o r a tic k le and
at 1-800-555-3364 and tell us your not ice cream . T ick le in Portuguese
o pin io n . I'll give you that num ber H o st L e t ’s h o p e M a r t in a ’s b o y frie n d is “co sq uinh a” and ice cream is
a g a in -th a t's 1-800-555-3364. “c a s q u in h a .”
is liste n in g , so that he k n o w s ho w she
A n d here's o u r firs t caller, N ic k fro m feels. W e ’ll take som e m ore ca lls after Speaker 5 : I ’m an A m e r ic a n liv in g in
San D eigo, C a lifo rn ia . N ick , w hat do the break.
you th in k about this new trend? K orea. U sually, I can com m unicate
4 A))) pretty w ell in K orean. I speak Korean
N ic k I'm pretty excited to see m ore w ith m y w ife every day, and 1have a
m en in the kitchen. In fact, I’m one o f Speaker 1: I su ffe r fro m asthm a and tu to r that I m eet w ith every week to
them! I lost m y job a few m onths ago, practice m y conversation sk ills. So,
and now I do all the cookin g at home. I usually carry an in h ale r around one day I w ent to the store to buy a few
I m ake a different dish every day, and w ith m e just in case I get an attack. things. 1usually take m y young son
som etim es I m eet up w ith m y friends Anyw ay, I was on a w ork trip -1 was w ith me, but he w asn't w ith me this
to exchange recipes. M y g irlfrie n d in P a ris - 1had forgotten m y inhaler, p a rticu la r day. W h e n the salesperson
says she really likes m y food, and an d I w'as h a v in g p ro b le m s b re a th in g . asked me about my son, m y answer
she even th in k s that I should tra in to So I w ent to a pharm acy and asked for confused her because 1accidentally
be a professional c h e f I’m seriously “un aspirateur,” w h ich I thought was said “eh-jeh uhb-suh-yo,” w h ich m eans
th in k in g about d o in g that. the French w ord fo r inhaler. I realized “lie's dead.” W h a t I m eant to say was
it w asn't w hen the g irls beh in d the “Y u h -g i uhb-suh-yo” w hich means
Host W ell, good luck to you, N ick. counter looked very confused. It turned “ he ’s n o t here.”
out that I had asked for a vacuum
W h o 's o u r n e xt c a lle r? A h , yes ... It’s cleaner, “aspirateur,” instead o f an 4B )|
Eve fro m Seattle, W ash ing ton . D o you inhaler, “ inhalateur.” H o st H e llo an d w e lc o m e to The
cook, Eve?
E v e N o , I don't. B u t m y husband does. Speaker 2: I was in Istanbul w ith a Traveler’s Guide. N o w , la st w eek we
H e's a m uch better co o k than I am , so
we decided fro m the b e g in n in g th at he T u rk ish friend o f m ine, and we decided asked o u r listeners w ho are going to
w'ould do a ll the cooking. A n d he m akes travel abroad to send us th eir questions
some great m eals - m ostly curries. But that we wanted to buy som e bread. I about good m anners in other countries,
th e re ’s o ne pro b lem . wanted to try out the T u rk ish I knew, and we’ve in vited o u r resident expert
R uth Dem psey to the show to answer
H o st W h a t ’s that, E ve? so I said that I w ould ask fo r it. S o we them . W elcom e to the program , R uth.
found this tiny little store and we went
E v e H e m akes a terrible m ess in the in. I said to the salesperson in my best Ruth T h a n k you.
kitchen, and I have to clean up after voice “taze erkek” w hich I thought Host So the firs t question, R uth . T h is
h im . I d o n ’t know ' w h a t’s w orse, m eant “fresh bread.” U nfortunately,
actually, co o kin g m y se lf o r clean ing the 1got the w ord for bread “ekm ek” com es fro m K a ty in Denver, w ho is
k itc h e n ! confused w ith the w ord fo r m an going to travel around T h a ila n d next
“erkek,” so w hat I had actually asked sum m er. K a ty w ants to k n o w w hat she
Host O h, com e on E v e - it can’t be that for was “a fresh young m an.” Luckily, should do w hen she firs t meets people
m y friend came to my rescue and asked in Thailand.
bad! N ow I th in k we have someone on for the bread correctly, but I felt a little
lin e 2. Y es, i t ’s F r a n k fr o m H a rtfo rd . em barrassed!
W h a t do you th in k about m en taking
over the kitchen, Frank? Speaker 3: I w as 14, and I w as on
an exchange v isit w ith my school in
M a d rid . It was the first night, and 1was
71
Ruth W e ll, K aty, m ost o f the tim e, a Ruth M y pleasure. Tom W e ll, b o th the S o uth K o re a n s
Host A n d w e'll be righ t back after a
sim ple handshake w ill be fine. B ut if and the second C hinese team started
som eone gives you a “ w a i”, that is a cheek o f the headlines. m issing shots. W h en they served, they
sm a ll bow w ith the hands held together either h it the shuttlecock in to the net o r
close to the body, you m ust do the 5 A))) they h it it so hard that it w ent outside
same. But, i f the person is o f low er the lin es on the court. In the end, they
social status than you, so i f they are H ost W e lc o m e b a ck to the show . W e ’ve looked like am ateurs, w hen in fact, they
younger than you, o r they are a waiter, w ere som e o f the best players in the
fo r e xa m p le , y o u s h o u ld n ’t re tu rn been ta lkin g about fam ous sports w orld.
the “w ai.” cheaters on today's program , and now
we’re going to hear about another Host S o w'ho lo st the m atch?
Host V ery useful advice, R uth . T h e next scandal. T h e sp o rt was badm inton, Tom T h e second C h in e se team. S outh
and the venue was the 2012 O lym p ic
question is fro m M a rk in D allas, w ho G am es in London. Tom is here to tell us K o re a beat th em in b o th sets.
is going to B ra z il w ith h is girlfrien d , about it. H i, Tom .
to meet her fa m ily fo r the first tim e. Host W h a t about the other tw o teams?
H e asks: “Is there an ythin g I should or Tom H e llo , everybody. Tom W e ll, they tried to do exactly the
shouldn't do?” Host So w ho w as involved in the
same th in g in the next match.
Ruth L ik e A m erican s, B ra zilia n s scandal, Tom ?
Host W h ic h team s were these again?
are very w arm , friendly, and open. Tom W ell, the scandal involved four Tom In d o n e sia and a n o th e r S o u th
How ever, there are a few differences
to rem em ber. A lw ays say thank you o f the te a m s in the w o m e n ’s do u b le s K o re a n pair.
when someone opens a door for you, com petition. In total, eight players were
offers you som ething to eat o r d rin k, d isq u a lifie d fo r cheating: tw o pairs Host So in both matches, the teams
o r even when your girlfrien d 's m other fro m South Korea, a pair from C hina,
d e a rs the plates fro m the table. It's and a p a ir fro m Indonesia. tried to lose instead o f try in g to w in so
very im p o rtan t to be polite. A lso , th e y ’d have a b e tte r ch a n ce o f w in n in g
don’t speak w hen you have food in Host A n d w hat exactly happened? a m edal. Is that right?
your m outh. B ra zilia n s fin d this Tom W ell, basically the team s played
in credibly rude. Tom Yes. T h a t ’s e x a c tly w h a t happened.
badly on purpose to m ake sure they lost
Host T h a t sounds lik e good advice for th eir matches. A n d it was really obvious, too - a ll the
spectators started booing, it w as so
you, M a rk . O K , o u r next qu estion is Host W h y w ould they do that? bad. A fte r the second m atch, there was
fr o m Ju lie in O k la h o m a C ity . S h e ’s Tom W e ll, to e xplain that I’ll very an investigation and a ll eight players
going to G reece on vacation, but were disqualified.
doesn't speak the language. She asks: q u ick ly tell you about how the
“Since I don’t speak any G reek, I’ll be co m p e titio n w orks. T h e m atches are Host A n d w hat about the com petition?
com m unicating m ostly w ith m y hands. divid ed in to different stages. Team s
A re there any gestures I shouldn’t use?' D id it stop there?
play against other team s in th eir group
Ruth Absolutely, Julie. The m ost in the firs t stage, and if they w in, they Tom N o, it continued w ith o u t the
play in the next stage. S o som etim es, a
im p o rta n t one to rem em ber is the team m ight get a good opponent very d isq u a lifie d players.
“thum bs up,” w h ich in the U S m eans early in the co m petitio n, w h ich m eans it
“good” o r “ O K .” But it is very in sulting m ig h t not get through to the next stage. Host A n d w ho w on the gold m edal in
to a G re e k person. A n o th e r one is the
U S hand gesture fo r “stop,” where you Host G o t it. S o w hen d id the cheating the end?
show someone your hand w ith your
fingers straight together, like a police happen? Tom T h e firs t C hinese team . They
officer. B ut again th is is an in su lt in
G reece. Tom W ell, the problem started on beat the Japanese team in b o th sets.
A ctu ally, it was a very good match!
Host G o o d luck, Julie. A n d we have the last day o f the firs t stage. In the
m orning, the firs t C h in ese team won Host Tom , th a n ks fo r jo in in g us.
tim e fo r one m ore, and th is question is its m atch, fin ish in g second in its group. Tom M y pleasure.
fro m K e n d ra in C h icag o. She's goin g to T h e second C hinese team w as going to
South K o re a fo r w ork, and she w ould play against a South K o rean team that 5 B)))
lik e som e tips on business behavior evening, and w hichever team w on that
over there. m atch w ould m ost lik e ly play against Host H ello, and w elcom e to the show.
the firs t C h in e se team in the next stage.
Ruth T h e m ost im p o rta n t th in g to Now , a lo t o f research has been done
H ost W h y w'as th is a problem ? recently about love, w h at causes it, and
rem em ber is that South K oreans like Tom N e ith e r team w anted to play what we do to attract someone. M a ry
to bow a lot. A s a foreigner, you w on't is in the s tu d io w ith us today, an d sh e ’s
be expected to, bu t it is a good way o f against the firs t C hinese team because going to explain the results o f som e o f
show ing respect, and the deeper you the South K orean team was sure it these studies to us. M ary, w elcom e to
bow , the happ ier you are. w ou ld lose, and the second C h in e se the show.
team d id n ’t w ant to play against a team
Host Very interesting. R uth Dem psey, from the same coun try yet, because Mary H ello .
that w ould m ean that only one C hinese H ost L e t ’s s ta rt w ith h o w to m eet new
th a n k you fo r jo in in g us. team w as le ft to try to w in a m edal. So
bo th team s tried to lose against each people. Som e people lik e to start a
other instead. conversation w ith a person they like
by saying som ething funny. B ut how
Host H o w did they do that? useful is this?
Mary N o t very useful at a ll I’m afraid,
Jeremy. R esearch show s that o n ly 7%
o f attraction has anything to do w ith
w h a t y o u say. I t’s the to n e a n d th e speed
o f you r voice that m ake a difference.
T h is m akes up 38% o f the attraction.
72
B u t the m o st im p o rta n t th in g o f a ll is
bo d y language. T h is contributes to a
m assive 55% o f the attraction.
Host So w hat can we do to im prove our
body language?
Mary W e ll, it seem s th at the b e st w'ay
to m ake the person you’re ta lk in g to
feel attracted to you is to lo o k in to their
eves. A n A m e ric a n psychologist did
an experim ent about th is in N ew York.
H e got com plete strangers to stare
in to each other's eyes for tw o m inutes
w ithout talking. Afterw 'ard, m any o f
the couples said that they had strong
feelings o f attraction to each other, and
one o f the couples even got m arried!
Host R eally? T hen staring m ust be the
th in g to do! Is there any m ore advice on
body language?
Mary W e ll, it ’s im p o rta n t to have a
relaxed body p osition. You need to
show the other person that you're
com fortable being w ith them . A lso ,
try not to be far away fro m them.
O f course, there is a com fortable
distance, but try leaning a little closer
to them than usual, it w ill show you're
interested, and h o ld th e ir attention
better. D o n ’t forget to w atch th e ir body
language, too. I f they p o sitio n th eir
body in a sim ila r way to you, it means
they fin d you interesting, too. T h is is
called m irro rin g .
Host Is there an yth in g that seems
to w ork w ell w hen you're ta lk in g to
som eone you're attracted to?
Mary N o t su rp risin g ly, it seem s that
y o u 'll have a better chance i f you sm ile.
A n yo n e w ho's ever spoken to som eone
on the phone w ill tell you that it's easy
to tell when the other person is sm iling,
because you can hear it in th eir voice.
W hen ta lk in g to a potential partner,
a sm ile w ill not o nly affect you r tone
o f voice, keeping it lig h t and fun, but
it w ill also show the other person that
you are happy to be w ith them. A n d
don't forget that a sm ile is extrem ely
contagious, and before long the other
person w ill be sm ilin g back at you. T h is
w ill m ake them feel happier, a feeling
that they w ill qu ickly connect w ith you.
Host H o w interesting, and very true!
U n fo rtu n a te ly , th a t’s a ll w e have tim e
for now, M ary, but thank you so much
for jo in in g us.
Mary Y o u ’re w elcom e.
73
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Corbis: pg.60 (keyboarcl) S.EA Photo/Alamy, (plug) Carsten Reisinger/Alamy, (outlet)Joe
Belanger/shutteretock, (switch) Olivier Le Qiieinec/shutterstock, (headphones) Bryan
Solomon/shutterstock, (USB) cristil80884/shutterstock, (speaker) arigato/shutterstock,
(mouse) vasabii/shutterstock, (screen) yanugkelid/shutterstock, (remote) MNI/
shutterstock, (flashdrive) bogdan ionescu/shutterstock, (adaptor) Freer/shutterstock;
pg.6t R and RImages/Getty Images: pg.63 (Selena) AP Photo/Blanca Charolet, Premier
Postage via Hispanic PRWire, HO, (jay Z) Ben Rowland/The Hell Gate/Corbis, (bridge)
Imaginechina/Corbis, (Kyi)Anindito Muklierjee/epa/Corbis, (Craig) EON/DANJAQ/SONY/
Tlie Kobal CoUection/Maidment, Jay, (Mesa Verde) MarclSchauer/shutterstock, (Louvi'e)
Migel/shutterstock.com, (Everest) Pal Teravagimov/shutterstock; pg.64 (1) NetPhotos/
Alamy, (2) leolintang/shuuerstock, (3)Alexander Demyanenko/shutterstock, (4) Erkan
Mehmet/Alamy, (5)Asianet-Pakistan/shutterstock.com, (6) Bernd Kohlhas/Corbis,
(7) Ferenc Szelepcsenyi/shlitrerstock. (8) claudiodivizia/istock. (Bolt! Christopher Monis/
Corbis; pg.65 (1) pockygallery/shutterstock, (2) Biu'dika/shutterstock, (3) Graphic design/
shutterstock, (4) anaken2012/shutterstock, (5) Anton Prado PHOTO/shutterstock,
(6) maniacpixel/shutterstock; pg.66 Arthur Tiiriier/Alamv
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