കലാപലയം

3

FUntämdnbÂ

timjn¨p sImïncn¡p¶ P\m[n]Xyhpw AXnsâ ta B[n]Xyw
sNep¯p¶ `cWIÀ¯m¡fpamWv tIcf¯nsebpw C´ybnsebp

hÀ¯am\Ime cmPm¡·mÀ. X§fpsS lo\amb HfnbPïIÄ
kaql¯n F¯n¡m\pÅ Hcp hgnbmbn am{XambmWv Iemeb§sf

AhÀ t\m¡n¡mWp¶Xv. hnZymÀ°nþ hnZymÀ°n\nIfpsS PohnX-
¯nte¡v A\nb{´nXambn IS¶pIbä§Ä \S¯ns¡mïv AhcpsS
PohnXmÀ°s¯ CÃmXm¡m³ hÀKobXbpw I½yqWnkhpw cm{ãobhpw

FÃmw Ahcnte¡v Ip¯nsh¡p¶p. apÉnw kv{XoIÄs¡Xnsc
aXaqey§sf CÃmXm¡m\mbn I½yqWnkhpw cm{ãobhpw aXhpw
hÀKobXbpw IeÀ¶ {]Wbs¯ Ahcn Dïm¡n¯oÀ¡p¶p.

C¯c¯nseÃmw Hcp \yq\]£s¯ ASn¨aÀ¯m\pw AtX
t]mse sN¼³þ Imhn IncmX `cWw Du«n Dd¸n¡m\pambn, IeIÄ
]qt¡ï Iemeb§sf Icp¡Ä B¡n Iem]eb§fpw cà¡f§fpw
B¡n¯oÀ¡p¶p. sXäpIsf Iïm a\ÊpsImsï¦nepw shdp¡Ww
F¶mWv CÉmw ]Tn¸n¡p¶Xv. Iemeb§fnse Iem]§Äs¡Xnsc
IeIÄ tImfnf¡w krãn¡Ww. \·bpÅ \Ã \msf¡mbn {]Xymin¡mw.

^emlv 08 17 Iemeb cm{ãobw BZÀiw ad¶v
\m«pIÂ
Bthi¯n hnlcn¡th...
bphcàw Nph¶ sImSnIfn kl IpäymSn

apJw AaÀ¯sh... 20 Iym¼kpIÄ, kwLv ]cnhmÀ

AZv\m³ 12 amÀI-vknÌv APïIfpsS ]dpZok
Acot¡mSv ilow ^Àlm³

Iem-e-b-§-Ä 23 {]Wb PnlmZv NÀ¨bmhpt¼mgpw
Im-a-e-b-§-fm-Ip-t¼mÄ
hn-]coX k-ao-]-\-¯nsâ au\w H-fn-
PulÀ 14 bPïtbm? Ppss\Zv ISh¯qÀ
XcphW
25 [À½anÃm¯ cm{ãob sIme]m
A[mÀ-an-I-X-bp-sS hn-f-\n-ew cm-{ão-b
XI§fpw I½yqWnkhpw
A-Øn-c-X Xs¶ jmlnZv ]\acw

j^oJv 29 27 cm{ãobw I¿q¡mhpt¼mÄ

s\Ãmt¡m« \kow sImSphÅn

aX \ncmk¯n³sd DÂ]mZIÀ 32 hkv{Xw H¶mIemtWm BÀ-

Iym¼k v CSXv cm{ãobtam? j`mcX kwk-vImcw?
jn_n Acot¡mSv

35 BWpw thï s]®pw thï

]ns¶tbm?
jnbmkv t]cmÂ

37 ]pIªpw \pcªpw Xocp¶

kpc£nX Ic§fn\n XncnsI hcptam?
kmenlv sImSphÅn

40 Iemeb cm{ãobw ; Ncn{Xhpw

hmÀ¯am\hpw
CÀ^m³ A¼ehbÂ

""IebpsS adhn Iem]§Ä hym]n¨
IepjnX Imew. Im¼kv hcm´Isfm
s¡bpw Ie]neIÄ sImïv aqIambn
cn¡p¶p. sIme¡¯nbpw ]XmIbpw
Ipgn¨p aqSn hnZy A`ykn¡Â hnZymÀ
°nIfpsS ta A{]tbmKnIambn
cn¡pIbmWv. F¦nepw, ChIsf XcWw
sN¿p¶ Iq«À¡v {]Wmaw..... hSnbnÃmsX
BZÀi¯n\v sImSntb´n A`ykn¡p

¶hcmIs« PohnXmÀ°w
Isï¯nbhcpw.....''

6

7

FALAH NATTUKAL

bphcàw Nph¶ sImSnIfnÂ
apJw AaÀ¯sh...

GsXmcp cm{ãob kmaqlnI ]mÀ«n bmepw kacapJ§fn ap{ZmhmIyap-
bÀXm\mbmepw Pe ]oc¦nIfn t\
IfpsSbpw {]hÀ¯\§fn hfsc- Xm¡·mÀ¡v kwc£Ww \ÂIm\pw
b[nIw Øm\w hln¡p¶Xv B cm{XnIfn t\Xm¡·mcpsS A´n
]mÀ«nbpsS hnZymÀYnþbph kwLS\ NÀ¨¡v Imh \n¡m\pw Iqen
bnÂDÅhcmWv.]mÀ«nbpsSCXpt]m XÃn\pw t\Xm¡·mÀ Xoänt¸män
epÅ A-Wn-Ifmbncn-¡pw ]mÀ-«n¡v hfÀ¯p¶ t]m¯pIÄ t]msebm-
Xm§pw XWepw BhpI. tkmjy Wv C¶s¯ Nne cm{ãob AWnIÄ.
enÌv Nn´m-K-Xn-¡m-cpw heXp Nn´m- s]m«¡nWänse XhfIsf t]mse
KXn¡mcpw FÃmw CXn Htc AhÀ acn¡p¶Xv hsc Pohn¡p-¶p.
]£amWv. cm{ãob A{I-a-§Ä¡m

8

്

hnZymÀ°nþbphP\ kwLS\IÄ C´ybnÂ

tkmjyenÌv BibapÅ C´ybnse {]apJ ]mÀ«nIfmb CPI ¡pw
CPM \pw hnZymÀ°nþbphXz kwLS\Ifpïv. C´ybnse

{]apJcmb SFI bpw DYFI bpw CPM \p IognepwAISF, AIYF CPI ¡v
Iognepw {]hÀ¯n¨phcp¶p. tIcfobcmb V.P km\p (SFI) ¡pw
A.A dlow (DYFI) ¡pw tZiobXe¯n t\XrXzw

\ÂIp¶p. kpJvPoµÀ atlizcn (AIYF) ¡pw iphw _m\ÀPn (AISF)\pw
tZiob t\XrXzw hln¡p¶p. tkmjyenÌv Bibw P\lrZb§fnte

¡¯n¡m³ cïp hn`mKhpw hyXykvX coXnIÄ D]tbmKn¡p¶p.
sXfnbn¡m³ km[n¡m¯ ]¯pe£¯ne[nIw {]hÀ¯IÀ Cu

kwLS\bneqsS CPIM  {]hÀ¯n¡p¶p F¶mWv IW-¡v.

Ne¨n{Xhpw tkmjyenkhpw

C´ybn ]mÀ«n¡v kzm[o\w cm{ãobw. ]ïv 90 Ifnepw 80 Ifnepw
CÃmªn«pw hyàaÃm¯ ]¯p Cw¥ïnse sXcphoYnIfn k½m\
e£¯ne[nIw {]hÀ¯IÀ F ambn \mSI§Ä Act§dnbncp-
§s\ I½yqWnÌv ]mÀ«n¡pïmbn?. ¶-Xn\v Ncn{Xw km£nbmWv.
B[p\nIXbn Hcp a\pjy\v {]Xy£¯n kn\nabpsS AWn
tIÄ¡p¶Xnt\¡mÄ ImWp¶Xn bdbn ssIIÄ Csænepw I½yq
t\mSv BWv C¼hpw hnizmkhpw. WnÌv _n\manIÄ Bbncp¶p s{]m
AsX, ]mÀ-«n-tbmSpw Bibt¯m- UyqkÀamcn A[nIhpw. Hcp
Sp-apÅ P\§fpsS aXn¸p Ipd tIm¬{Kkv {]hÀ¯Isâ bYmÀ°
ªt¸mÄ kzmX{´ Ime§Ä¡p Iemeb PohnXs¯ IayqWnÌpIÄ
ap³t] ]mÀ«nIfpsS Bibhpw AhcpsS Npäp]mSnte¡v amän
Bthihpw kzmX{´y kac§fpw Xncp¯n \nÀ½n¨ "Hcp saI-vkn
Iïv kwLS\bnte¡v {]hÀ¯n ¡³ A]mcX' F¶ Ne¨n{Xw
¡m³ h¶ncp¶ Ime¯nÂ\n¶v amäw AXn NneXv am{Xw. heXp]£
h¶p. Nn´miànsb sImÃp¶ Ne cm{ãobs¯ AS]Sew A]am\n
¨n{X§fneqsS Bsf Iq«p¶ ¡p¶ Xnc¡YIfpw Im-Ìnw-Kp-Ifpw
DIRTY BUISINESS Bbn amdn IqSnbmbncp¶p ChIfn FÃmw.
bn«pïv C¶s¯ tkmjyenÌv

9

DSabpsS ASna s]änt¡kn \n¶v UAPA bnte¡v

hnZymÀ°n cm{ãob¯nse {]iv\ kn\naIÄ Iïpw B\pIqey§fn
eqsSbpw cm{ãob ]IzXbnÃm¯
§Ä ]et¸mgpw h-eXpþCSXp {]kcn¸nepw hcp¶ hnZymÀYnIÄ
]mÀ«n¡v thïn sImSn ]nSn¨p ap{Zm
kwLS\IÄ X½n Bbncn¡pw. hmIyw hn-fn-¡p¶Xv F´pïmbmepw
X§sf kwc£n¡psa¶ Dd¸n
s]mXpsh apJy[mcm cm{ãob¯n emWv. aäp ]mÀ«nIsf At]£n¨v
s]än tI-kp-Ifpw aäpw tIcf¯nÂ
BWv ]ckv]cw Icnhmcn tX-¡m- IqSpX H¯pXoÀ¸m¡nbXv I½yq
WnÌv tem¡Â t\Xm¡·mÀ Xs¶.
dp-ïm-hm-dpÅXv. km[mcWK ]IzXbnÃm¯ hnZymÀYnþbph kaq
l¯n\v CsXmcp henb Imcyw
Xnbn cm{ãob¯n CPI sb Bbn tXm¶p¶p. F¶m Iayq
Wnkhpw tkmjyenkhpw Xe¡p]n
hnhcn¡Â 'DSabpsS ASna' F Sn¨p {]hÀ¯n¨p s]«hcmWv Ae\pw
Xzmlbpw. ]mÀ«n kwc£Ww t]mbn«v
¶mWv. Hcp ASnasbt¸mse CPM kXyw t]mepw t\m¡m³ a\Êv
ImWn¡msX s]cpamdnb I½yq
sâ Xocpam\§Ä kzoIcn¡pIbpw WnÌv tIcf kÀ¡mcnsâ s]cpamäw
t¾¨ambncp¶p. F¶m A¶s¯
{]hÀ¯n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶ Hcp {]Xn]£w cm¸IenÃmsX AhÀ
¡pthïn s]mcpXn, Ncn{Xw km£n
hn`mKw. F¶m tIcf hnZymÀ°n bmWv! GsXmcp kXyhpw F{X
CSp¡v BsW¦nepw ]pd¯phcpw.
cm{ãobs¯ A]am\n¡p¶ coXn AXn\memWv C¶v Xzmlbpw Ae\pw
kzmX{´yw A\p`hn¡p¶Xv. C
bn Ipd¨pImeambn AISF sâ kv{Xo sXÃmw shdpw Ht¶m ctïm DZml-
cW§Ä am{XamWv. Adnbp¶Xpw
IÄ AS¡w hcp¶ {]hÀ¯Isc Adnbm¯Xpamb F{X DZmlc
W§Ä C\nbpw _m¡n. hnZymÀ°n
XeØm\ \Kcnbn SFI XÃn NX- cm{ãobw kaql¯n\v A\nhmcy
amWv. C¶s¯ hnZymÀ°n t\Xmhv
¡p¶p. CXpt]mepÅ {]iv\§Ä \msf apJya{´nbpw {][m\a{´nbpw
MLA bpw MP bpsams¡ Bbn
Dïm¡n hnZymÀ°nIÄ¡nSbnÂ

`oIcm´co£w krãn¨p aäp hnZym

À°n cm{ãob ]mÀ«nIsf t]Sn¸n¨v

\nÀ¯mw F¶mWv SFI bpsS Nn´.

10

¯ocp¶Xv. F¶m hn-

ZymÀYnþbph {]kcn¸ns\ "" IayqWnkhpw
tkmjyenkhpw Xe¡p
sIm-¶n«mhcpXv cm{ãobwF¶v ]nSn¨p {]hÀ¯n¨p s]«hcWv

\mw a\Ênem¡Ww. bph Nn´ Ae\pw Xzmlbpw.
]mÀ«n kwc£Ww t]mbn«v
Isf sImÃp¶ kn\na kXyw t]mepw t\m¡m³ a\Êv
ImWn¡msX s]cpamdnb I½yq
Ifpw \mSI X{´§fpw WnÌv tIcf kÀ¡mcnsâ
s]cpamäw t¾¨ambncp¶p. ''
A\phZn¡m³ Ignbp¶XÃ.

asäm¶ns\ Ipdn¨v Adn

bm\pÅ Ahkcw AhnsS

AhÀ¡v CÃmXmhpIbmWv.

BZyL«§fn hnZymÀYnI

fpsS s]än tIkpIÄ t]m-

epÅh Hgnhm¡n sImSp¯p

Ahsc asämcp Ae\pw

Xmlbpw B¡pIbmWv I½yq

Wnkw. emÂkemw.

11

ADNAN AREEKODE

Iem-e-b-§-Ä Im-a-e-b-§-fm-Ip-t¼mÄ

\ácmb B¬Ip«nIfpsSbpw s]¬Ip«nIfpsSbpw C-g-In-t¨À¶
hn[¯nepÅ Imcnt¡¨dpIÄ h-c¨ \hmKXÀ¡v kzm-K-X
am-iw-kn¨ kw`h_lp-e-am-b Hcp {]hÀ¯\s¯¡pdn¨v
Adnªhcpw IïhcpaWv \mw.

CX§v C´ybpsS XeØm\amb UÂlnbnse tI{µ kÀÆIemime
Ifntem ]mÝmXy \mSpIfntem kw`hn¨ ImcyaÃ. CXv \½p-sS ssZh
¯n-sâ kz´w \mSv F¶v ]dbp¶ tIcf¯nse XrÈqÀ {io tIcfhÀ½
tImtfPn \S¶ kw`hamWv. ]ptcmKa\ hmZnIÄ F¶v hmZn¡p¶ \½psS
kz´w tIcf¯n ]ptcmKa\hmZnIfpsS Nne kzX{´ ssewKn-I-XIfn
te¡pÅ Nhn«p]SnIfmWv Cu kw`h§fneqsS \ap¡v ho£n¡m³
Ignbp¶Xv.Iemeb§ÄF¶XvhnZymÀ°nIÄ¡v aqeym[njvTnXhnZy`ymkw
e`nt¡ï CS-§fmWv. C¡mea{Xbpw A§s\Xs¶bmbncp¶p.

12

F¶m Ct¸mÄ Iem-e-b-§sf \S¡p¶Xpw. B¬ t\«§fpsS

]ptcmKa\hmZnIÄ hnZymÀYnIÄ¡v Iq«§Ä \nb{´n¡p¶ Bib

kzX{´ ssewKnIX km[yam §fmWv AhcpsS ]ptcmKa\w.

¡m\pÅ CS§-fm-¡ns¡mïncn t\cmb apÉnw Ncybn hkv{Xw

¡pIbmWv. AXn\pthïnbpÅ [cn¡p¶Xpw Pohn¡p¶Xpw

XnSp¡¯nepw Hm«§fnepamWhÀ. Bb kv{XoIÄ AhcpsS ]ptcm

A§s\bmWv AhÀ tImtfPpIfn Ka\¯nse IcSpIÄ BWv.

]ptcmKa\w F¶ hn¹hw AhÀ Iq«neS¡s]« ]£n

Dïm¡p¶-Xv. AXn\hÀ {]IrXw Ifmbn«mWv AhcpsS hmZw.

]ptcmKa\w F¶ Znµzhpw \Àan AhÀ¡nÃm¯ ]cn`h§fpw

¨n«pïv. apÉnw aXw kv{Xo {]iv\§fpw ]ptcmKa\hmZnIfpsS

IÄ¡v AhcpsS kwc£W¯n I®pIfn kzmX{´yeÏn¡p

\pthïn A\pimkn¡p¶ a-^vX, tijhpw In«msX h¶ C´ybnse

]À± XpS§nbhsbÃmw C¶pÅ kzX{´ Po-hn-Xhpw l\n¡s¸

]ptcmKa\¯n\pw {]IrX¯n\p Sp¶ kzmX{´yhpamWv. apÉnw

FXncmW.v AXÃ kv{XoIfpsS kv{XoIÄ aäpaXØtcmtSm¸w

kzX{´ ssewKnIXIÄ¡v Cd§nt]mIpt¼mÄ

XSÊw \n¡p¶ Im-c- AhÀ Iq«nen« ]£nsb

W§Ä. ]À±, lPm_v Xpd¶p hnSp¶

t]msebpÅ kwc£W ImgvNbmbn«mWv

IhN§Ä AhÀ¡p t\m¡nImWp¶Xv.

ap¼n {]mIrX-hpw, AXn\p thïnbhÀ

\Kv\cmbn \S¡p¶Xpw F{XbmWv Iãs¸SpI.

Xsâ ssewKnImhbh§Ä AhÀ¡v Pohn¡m³ Bh

aäpÅhÀ¡p ap¼nÂ{]ZÀ iyamb FÃm kuIcy§fpw

in¸n¡m\pXIp¶Xmb hkv{X§fpw AhÀ \S¸nem¡p¶p. F¶m aäp

AXn\p thïn hkv{XanSmXn aX¯nse s]¬Ip«nIÄ apÉnw

cn¡epamWv AhcpsS Nn´Ifn ]pcpjt\msSm¸w Pohn¡m³ thïn

DÛhn¡p¶ ]ptcmKa\w. kv{Xo-IÄ Cd§n h¶mtem XmÂ]cyw ImWn

\ácmhemWv AhcpsS I®pIfn  ¨mtem AXv AhÀ¡v PnlmZv Bbn

{]IrXw. CsX´v ]ptcmKa\ amdp¶p. AhÀ-¡p ap¼n ]e Pnlm

amWv? CsX´v {]IrXamWv. ZnIÄ¡v apfs]m«pw. AhnsSAhÀ¡v

C¯c¯nepÅ {]hÀ¯\§Ä ]ptcmKa\w PnlmZpIÄ BWv.

ImcWw Aà \½psS amXm]n AhnsS AhÀ¡v l\n¡s¸Sp¶

Xm¡fpsS I®p\ocpIÄ häp¶Xv? kz-X{´sseKnIXbp-anÃ. F´mWv

CXp ImcWatà ]e hnZymÀ CXnsâsbms¡ Dt±iw, ]ptcmK

°nIÄ¡pw am\lm\n kw`hn a\tam? AtXm Iemeb§sf Imb

¡p¶Xpw BßlXyIÄ am¡p¶nSt¯¡pÅ]mXItfm?
13

A[mÀ-an-I-X-bp-sS hn-f-\n-ew cm-{ão-b
A-Øn-c-X Xs¶

> JOUHAR THARUVANA

]ptcmKa\ hmZw D¶bn¨ hfÀ¶phcp¶ {]Øm\§fp-sS t]m¡v

Ft§m«mWv? X«an« s]¬Ip«nIsf ImWpt¼mÄ BÀ-¡m-Wv C{X
sNmdn¨nÂ? CÉmans\ Hcp `oIc aXambn Nn{XoIcn¡m³ BÀ¡mWv

C{X XnSp¡w?
14

\nehnepÅ cm{ãob hyhØ F{X- amb AkvXnXz {]XnkÔnIfneq

ta ]ptcmKa\hmZw D¶bn¨mepw sSbpw cm{ãob Imepjy§fneq

{]Ya ImeL«w apXÂt¡ CSXp sSbpw IS¶pt]mIp¶ kaql¯nÂ

]£ I½yqWnÌv hnXbv¡p¶Xv hnj F´psImïmWv aps¼§panÃm¯

amsW¶Xv Imew sXfn

bn¨Xm-Wv. A{Xta lo\-

tam A-Ço-e-tam Bb Imcy ""kv{Xosb cwK¯nd¡m\pw kzmX

s¯ ssk²m´nI Imcy {´y¯n\p thïn t]mcmSp¶Xn

§Ä ]dªp ]dªp FXn sâbpw ]n¶nse sImSnbpsS
À¡pIbpw shfp¸n¡p
Ibpw sN¿p¶ coXn I½yq \ndw shfp¯tXm Idp¯tXm

WnÌv {]Xybimkv{X- BsW¶Xv hyàamWv.''

¯n {]ISambXmWv.

Iym¼kpIfn kPoh CSw hn[w ssewKnIkzmX{´yw C{X Nph-

IcØam¡p¶Xv Npw_\ kachpw ¸n¨p hc¨p sh¡p¶Xv. CSXp]£

AXnt\mSv _-Ôs¸«XpamWv. AÇo ]mÀ«nIfpw AhcpsS klbm{Xn

e§sf Çoe {]hÀ¯nIÄ Bbn Icpw C¯cw tNmZy§sf bpàn-

«mWv kaqla[y-¯n {]Ncn clnXambn a\Ênem¡pIbpw tNmZy

¸n¡s¸Sp¶Xv. A-Ço-e§sf Hcp Zn\ IÀ¯m¡fpsS{]mIrXcm¡nNn{XoI

cn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶XneqsS cm{ãob-

t\«w am{Xta AXn\p ]n¶n DÅq

F¶v Xncn¨dnbmw. ssewKnIXsb

t^m¡kv sNbvXpsImïpÅ Ch-

cpsS Kn½n¡pIÄ ImWpt¼mÄ

ssewKnI Zmcn{ZyamWv Iemeb§Ä

C¶v A\p`hn¡p¶ Gähpw henb

{]XnkÔn F¶mWv tXm¶pI.

A¡mZanIambpw aäpapÅ hnZym

`ymk `mKw t\cn«psImïncn¡p¶

]ehn[ {]iv\§sfbpw A{UÊv

sN¿msX ssewKnIXbnte¡v Iym

ad \nco£n¡p¶hÀ ss[jWnI

Ncybmbn Iïv kaql¯n {]N hnZymÀ-°nXz¯nte¡v Npcp§pI

cn¸n-¡-s¸Spt¼mÄ C¯cw Imcy bmWv. It¼mf, apXemfnXz hncp²

§Ä DÄs¡mÅm³ t{]cn¸n¡p¶ ]£¯v \ne sImÅp¶v AhI-

Iuamc¡mcn BWnXv IqSpXepw mis¸Sp¶ Hcp {]Øm\¯nsâ

ioeam¡p¶Xv. AXpsImïv IqSn hàm¡Ä AhcpsS APÞ

bmWo {]IS\hpw. aÀ½{][m\ bn Hfnt¨mSp¶ sshcp²yw Iq-
15

Sn-bmWv \h en_d Bib§Ä D¶bn¸n¡p¶, aXn sI«n\v A¸p-
GsäSp¡p¶XneqsS kw`hn¡p¶Xv. d¯pÅ Nne ]qh³ tImgnIÄ
enwK kaXz¯nsâ t]cv ]dªv e£yw F´mbncn¡psa¶Xv \ap¡v
Iemeb§Ä aen\am-Ip-¶eÀ enwK Nn´n¡mhp¶tXbpÅq. Iemeb
hyXymkw ]T\ hnt[bam¡p¶Xv §fnte¡v C¯cw en_d s]mfn¨p
\¶mbncn¡pw. enwK hyXymkw aX] IS¯Â \S¯p¶Xn\p ]n¶n {]
cam-bà `uXnI]cambn Xs¶ ] [m\ambpw cïp Imcy§fmWv.H¶v,
T\ hnt[bam¡nbm hyàamIp¶ \nÀamWmßI cm{ãob kn²m´tam
XmWv. `uXnIXbpsSbpw imkv Bibtam apt¶m«p hbv¡m³
{XobXbpsSbpw ]cnt{]£y¯n CSXp]£ ]mÀ«nIÄ¡nÃ.cïmbn-
"enwK kaXyw F¶ anYy" F¶ Kth- c-¯n\v ap¼v kPohamb lnwkm
jWmßI ]T\w kn²oJv \Zv-hn tN ßI cm{ãobs¯bpw tijw ]
cqÀ\S¯nkao]Ime¯vAsXmcp]p tcm£hpw h-e-Xp-]£ hncp²hp
kvXIambn {]kn²oIcn-¨n-«pïv._ amb apt¶ä§fpsS ^eambncp¶p
tbmf-Pn-¡-embn ]pcpj\pw kv{Xobpw {]kvXpX ]mÀ«nIfpsS Ncn{Xw.
X½nepÅhyXymkw{KÙImc³kv] F¶m Ahbvs¡m¶pw A\p
ãambn hnhcn¡p¶pïv. kv{Xosb IqeaÃm¯ Hcp Npäp]mSnÂ
cwK¯nd¡m\pw kzmX{´y¯n\p bphm¡fpsS CSbn AanX kzmX-
thïn t]mcmSp¶Xnsâbpw ]n¶nse {´y¯n\v FÃm AXnÀhc¼pIfpw
sImSnbpsS \ndw shfp¯tXm Idp ewLn¡p¶ en_denkw h¨p
¯tXm BsW¶Xv hyàamWv. \o«p¶ Kn½n¡p Im«n IqsS Iq«n-
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16

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17

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18

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19

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20

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21

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22

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25

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26

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27

C´y³ k¼¯v hyhØsb kw- K§Ä¡pw ZfnXÀ¡pw AXn-

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28

Iym¼kpIfn aX\n-cm ]«w NmÀ¯n F¶ Imcy¯nÂ
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29

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30

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31

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32

Zmb-tasX¶pw kaql¯nse ¶pïv. B \n_Ô\IÄ¡
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33

`mK¯pw {]tXyIn¨v KpPdm¯n kv{XobpsSbpw hkv{Xw [cn¡p¶Xv

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kv{Xo ]pcpj kaXzsa¶Xv

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34

BWpw th-ï s]®pw th-ï,

]ns¶tbm?
> SHIYAS PERAL

tIcf¯nsâ kwk-vImchpw ss] £¡pw A\ptbmPyamb thi

XrIhpsas¶ms¡ ]dbp¶Xv Cu amWv tIcf¯ntâXv. {]tXyIn¨v

\mSnsâ `mjbpw thjhpsams¡ CÉmw aXw \njvIÀjn¡p¶Xpw

bmWv.AXns\ If¦s¸Sp¯m\pw kv{XoItfmSv am-\y-X-tbmsS hkv{X-

cm{ãob Xmev]cy§Ä¡pthïn [mcW \S¯m\mWv. temIcmPy-

A«nadn¡m\pw ]mÝmXy kwk-vImc §sf hnebncp¯nbm Gähpw

¯n \n¶v enwK kaXzsa¶ Bibw Ipdhv kv{Xo A[n´ thjhpw

Nne CSXp]£ hnZymÀ°nIÄ hn¹h AXn{IahpsaÃmw DÅXv CÉman

Iemeb§fn {]Ncn¸n¡p I cm{ã§fnemWv.

¶XneqsS e£yam¡p F¶m AhnS§fnÂ

¶Xv tIcf P\X [cn¡p¶ hkv{X-

bpsS kam[m\s¯ [mcWbpw kv{Xo

\nÀhocy-am-¡p-I ]cn]me\s¯bpw

F¶XmWv. ]pcpj CXc cm{ã§Ä

\pw kv{Xo¡pw sh hnebncp¯p¶Xv

tÆsd hkv{X [m kv{Xo A[n\

cW \njvIÀjn¡p thisa¶mWv.

¶nsæn t¸me- A¯csamcp \n

pw Cusbmcp P\Xbv- e]mSn Dd¨p

¡v A-XntâXmb ]mc¼- sImïmWv tIcf¯nÂ

cy hkv{X-[m-cWbpïv. AXns\ Gsd NÀ¨ sN¿s¸« _m

bÃmw ImänÂ]d¯n ]mÝmXycmPy- eptÈ-cn k-vIqÄ A[nIrXÀ \

§fnse kwk-vImcw tIcf¯nte¡v S¯nbXv.]pcpjs\ At]£n¨v

sImïp hcpt¼mÄ tIcf P\X kv{Xo AhcpsS imcocnI am\knI

A`napJoIcnt¡ïnhcnI henb sshImcnI Xe§fn hyXykvXcm-

A]ISamWv.CsXm¶pw Adn Wv. CsXm¶pw a\Ênem¡sXbmWv

bmsXbmWv Nne cm{ãob XmÂ] ]pcpj\pw kv{Xobpw X½n thÀXn

cy§Ä¡pw hÀKob-X¡pw thïn cnhv thï F¶ Bibt¯msS ]

Cu Bibw {]Ncn¸n¡p¶Xv. eXpw IS¶phcp¶Xv. ]pcpj thjw

kv{XoIfpsS BtcmKy¯n\pw kpc [cn¡p¶ kv{Xotbbpw kv{Xothjw

35

[cn¡p¶ ]pcpjs\bpw CÉmw eqsSAhÀIcØam¡p¶pïv.kv{Xo

i]n¨ncn¡p¶Xv tIhew AhcpsS IÄ¡v AhcpsS AhImi§Ä \

icocw ad¡m\Ã.BtcmKyhpw kp- ÂtIïXv tIhew hkv{X[mcWbn

c£bpw ]cnKWn¨mWv.hÀ¯am\ eqsSbÃ.kmaqlnI taJebnepS

Ime¯v imkv{Xw sXfnbn¨p \ofw AhcpsS Ignh\pkcn¨pÅ ]

sImïncn¡p¶Xpw CÉmansâ ZhnIÄ \ÂIn sImïmWv. BWpw

ImgvN¸mSmWv. CsXm¶pw thï s]®pw thï F¶v ]dbp

{i²n¡msX hnZy A`ykn¡m\pÅ ¶XneqsS F´v enwKkaXzamWv

Iemeb§fn CSXp]£ Nmbv- ChÀ t\SnsbSp¡p¶Xv.hkv{X

hpÅ hnZymÀ°nIÄ \S¯p¶Xn- [mcW AXv a\pjysâ hyàn

eqsS cm{ãob-¡mÀ ]e t\«§fpw kzmX{´yamWv. AXns\ CÃmXm

t\Sp¶pïv. hfÀ¶psImïncn¡p¶ ¡p¶hsc tIcf P\X Häs¡«mbn

AgnaXn Btcm]W§fn \n¶pw {]Xntj[n¡psa¶pw bqtdm]y³

{]Xntj[§fn \n¶psaÃmw {i² kwk-vImcw tIcf¯nse¯p¶Xv

Xncn¡pIsb¶ henb t\«w CXn- XSbpsa¶pw \ap¡v {]Xymin¡mw.

36

]pIªpw \pcªpw Xocp¶ kpc£nX

Ic§fn\n XncnsI hcptam?

> SWALIH KODUVALLY

CÃmbvabpsSbpw Zmcn{Zy¯nsâbpw klIcW¯nsâbpw Hcp Imew,

NneÀ¡v hkv{X-§Ä H-¶-t]mepanÃ. IpSbnÃ, _mKnà ]pkvXI§Ä XpÑw
am-{Xw, hnZymÀ°n PohnXw XnI¨pw ]cnXm]Icambncp¶p. F¶m kulr-
ZamÀ¶ hm¡pIÄ XÀ¡§Ä Gsd `bm\Iambncp¶nà .]pIhen D]tbmKw
\t¶ Ipdhv F¶m C¶v t\sc Xncn¨v hnZymÀ°nIÄ elcnbpsS ]nSnbnÂ
Aacp-¶Xv AhcpsS ZuÀ_eyaà adn¨v AhÀ Pohn¡p¶ kmlNcyamWv.
sNdp¸w apXte Ipªp Ic§fnte¡v kvamÀ«vt^mWpIÄ F¯p¶ kmlN-

cyw, A-`n\bw \Sn¡p¶ kµÀ`§f-
n ASnas¸Sp¶ hnt\mZw,amXm]n
Xm¡Ä Ip«nIsf thï{X in-
£W¯n hfÀ¯m¯ kml
Ncyw Asæn \oN {]hÀ¯nbpsS
ASnaIfmb kplr¯p¡fpambpÅ
_Ôw CXntesX¦nepw H¶mbn
cn¡pw hnZymÀ°n Po-hnXw e-l-
cn¡n cbmIp¶Xn\pff ImcWw.
{]Wbhpw ssewKnIXbpw hnfn
t¨mXp¶ tXmsSm¸w \yqP³ kn\n
aIfpsS {][m\ tlm_nbmWv
aZy¯n\pw ab¡pacp¶n\pw D]tbm
Kw hnfnt¨mXp¶Xv. C¯c¯nepÅ
k¦oÀ®amb kµÀ`w hfsc emL-
ht¯msS Xpd¶v Im«p¶ kn\naIÄ
Ip«nIsfbpw ]pXpXeapdsbbpw
Iemeb§sf elcn hn]W\
tI{µ§fm¡n amäp¶Xnte¡v \
bn¡p¶p."aZy]m\w icoc¯n\v lm\n
Icw" kn\naIfnte¡v kv{Io\nÂ
hcp¶ k_vssSänensâ AhØbm
WnXv. Htckabw \ntj[mßI
37

kzc¯n FgpXn ImWn¡pIbpw bv¡v C¯cw IYIÄ H¶panà sX-

{]mhÀ°nIam¡pIbpw sN¿p¶ ämbn Iïv ad¨psh¡p¶ at\m`m-

ZpchØ. C¶v Iym¼kpIfnepw hhpw CÃ CXv X§fpsS PohnX

tImtfPpIfnepw k-vIqfpIfnepw ] coXnbmWv F¶mWv AhÀ ]dbp

IÀ¨hym[nt]mse elcn D]tbm ¶Xv. k¦oÀWamb {]iv\w hfsc

Kw Zn\w{]Xn hÀ[n¨phcnIbmWv. A[nIw emLht¯msS t\m¡n¡m-

hnZymÀ°nIfpsS ]T\ ]ptcmK Wm\pÅ at\m`mhw AXmWv Iuam

Xn¡v \thm·pJ hfÀ¨bv¡pambn c{]mb¯nsâ A[x]X\¯nte¡v

AhcpsS {]bmkw IW¡nseSp¯v \bn¡p¶Xv. ap¸Xp hbÊn\p

aXm]nXm¡fpw Øm]\ ta[mhn XmsgbpÅhcn C¶v elcnbpsS

Ifpw GÀs¸Sp¯p¶ tlmÌÂ D]tbmKw 45 iXam\amWv.

kuIcyw elcn D]tbmK¯n\pw F¶m BZy Ime§fnsems¡

hr¯nsI« kwk-vImc¯n\pw hgn GItZiw Hcp30 hbÊn\p apIfn

sbmcp¡p¶pïv. ""IÅv, knKcäv F¶nhsb epÅhÀ BWv
F¶pÅXmWv ¡mÄ hnetbdnbXmWv IqSpXembn
bmYmÀ-°yw. D]tbmKn¨-Xmbn
_ m ¯ v d q a p I Ä , ab¡pacp¶v. \nanjt\cw Iïph¶ncp¶Xv.

Bsfmgnª {]tZ sImïv a\Ên\v Hcp a Z y ] n ¡ p t ¼ m Ä
i§fpw F¶nh hmk\ Dïm
tXSn t¸mIp¶ kpJw \ÂIm³ Ah¡v Ipsa¶v `b¡p

Iuamc§Ä C¶ km[n¡psa¦nepw icoc ¶hÀ¡v ab¡p-a-

bmsXmcp Iqkep ¯n\v hfsc BLmXw cp¶`b ambn amdn
anÃmsX s]mXpcw bn«pïv. amXm]nXm
K¯v Rm³ elcn krãn¡p¶pïvF¶vAhÀ ¡Ä Ip«nIÄ¡v
D]tbmKn¡p¶p Adnbp¶nÃ.'' \ÂIp¶ ]W§

F¶vshfns¸Sp¯p¶p. \mtem fn \n¶v knwl`mKhpw CXn\p

At©m hÀjw ap¼v elcn¡v ASna thïn amänhbv¡p¶p. IÅv, knKcäv

s¸« Ip«nIÄ¡v Iu¬knenw§n\n F¶nhsb¡mÄ hnetbdnbXmWv

Sbn ]dbm\pïmbncp¶Xv HtcXcw ab¡pacp¶v. \nanjt\cwsImïv a\

IYIÄ-Xs¶._nkn\knsâ Xnc Ên\v Hcp kpJw \ÂIm³ AhÀ¡v

¡n\nSbn AÑ\v Ft¶mSv kwkm km[n¡psa¦nepw icoc¯n\v hfsc

cn¡m³ t]mepw t\canà Cu BLmXw krãn¡p¶pïv F¶v

Häs¸SemWv Fs¶ elcnbnte¡v AhÀ Adnbp¶nà .Iemeb§fnse

F¯n¨Xv, ]co£bn amÀIv Ip- Ip«nIÄ kplr¯nsâ P·Zn\w,

dªXnsâ t]cn k-vIqfn FÃm sktâm^v XpS§nb Zn\§Ä

hcpw Fs¶ Ifnbm¡p¶p Bizmkw elcn¡pthïn IqSpXembn

In«p¶Xv CXp]tbmKn¡pt¼mgmWv. D]tbmKn¡p¶ Hcp {]hWX

F¶m C¶s¯ Xeapd Iïphcp¶pïv. t_m[h¡cW
38

Iym¼pIfpw Iu¬knenwKv ¢mkp Ip«nbpsS elcn D]tbmK¯n\v
Ifpw C¶v elcn¡v ASnas¸«v Ip«n XpS¡w knKcäv am{Xambncn-¡pw, ]
Isf XncnsI sImïphcm\pÅ t£ AXn³sd A-hkm\w acWw
{iaw \S¯n sImïncn¡pIbmWv. Bbncn¡pw F¶pÅXmWv dnt¸mÀ«v.
F¶m AXn\pÅ Hcp kmlNcyhpw elcn¡v ASnas¸« Hcp Ip«n Xncn-
Iïphcp¶nÃ. ImcWw elcn sI elcn hÀÖ\ F¶ coXn
hkvXp¡Ä hm§m\pw hn¡m\p bnte¡v F¯p¶Xv A]qÀÆamWv.
apff kmlNcywhfscb[nIamWv. ]pIªp \ndªpw Xocp¶ hn-
s]¬Ip«nIÄ HmÀUÀ sN¿pIbpw ZymÀYn kaqls¯ XncnsI
BcpadnbmsX AhÀ elcn¡v sImïphcm³ km[n¡pI F¶Xv
ASnas¸Sp¶ dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ Gsdbm- hfsc {]bmkamWv '\sÃmcp \m
Wv. kÀ¡mdpIfpsS Gähpw henb sf¡mbn Fs¶¶pw {i²n¡mw'
Hcp hcpam\amWv elcn .\ntcm[\
F¶ Bib¯nte¡v Hcn¡epw
kÀ¡mdpIÄ t]mhpIbnÃ. Hcp

39

a\pjy PohnX¯nse Hcp kp{]
[m\ L«amWv bphXzw. tNmc¯n-

f¸pw NpdpNpdp¡pw sImïv a\pjy³

Ah\v t\Sm³ km[n¡p¶Xnsâ kn-

wl`mKhpw bphXzw sImïv t\Snsb-

Sp¡p¶hbmWv. F¶m C¶s¯

kmlNcy¯n bphm¡Ä X§fp

sS bphXzw BÀt¡m thïn Hcp

aSnbpw IqSmsX ]mgm¡n¡fbp

¶Xv ImWmw. {][m\ambpw

CXnsâsbms¡ DdhnSw Ieme-

b§fmsW¶p ]dbmw. Iemeb§fn

emhs« cm{ãobw F¶ alm

hn]¯v bphm¡fpsS Ne\§Ä \n

b{´n¡m³XpS§nbn«v]XnämïpIÄ

]n¶n«ncn¡p¶p, sImÃm\pw Nmth-

dpIfmhm\pw bphm¡sf ]cnio-

en¸n¡p¶Xpw cm{ãobsa¶

almhn]¯v Xs¶bmWv. bphm¡Ä

H¯ptNcpt¼mÄ {]hÀ¯\hpw {] Iemeb
Ncn{Xhpw h
XnIcWhpw ]Xn·S§v hÀ[n¡p¶p

F¶Xv AhnXÀ¡nXamWv. \·bpw

Xn·bpw kXyhpw AkXyhpw

AXn \n¶v ]ndhnsbSp¡mdpapïv.

AXv bph kwLS\Ifmhs« hn-

ZymÀ°n {]Øm\§fmhs« cm{ãob

{]Øm\§fmhs« bphm¡Ä Øm\§Ä¡v C´y³ kzmX-

Hcpan¡p¶ atäXp kwL§fpam- {´yt¯¡mÄ ]g¡apïv.

hs« Imcy§Ä A{]Imcw Xs¶. 1839  sIm¡¯ lnµp

tIcfsa¶ \½psS sIm¨p \mSn\pw tImtfPnse ]ptcmKa\ hn-

]dbm\pïv A¯c¯n Hcp]mSv ZymÀYnIfpsS {]Øm\w

Ncn{X§Ä. Ahbn NneXn\v apX \oïp\nhÀ¶p In-

IkvXqcnbpsS KÔamWv F¶m S¡pIbmWv hnZymÀYn {]

aäp NneXn\mhs« I¡qkv Øm\§fpsS Ncn{Xw.

amen\yt¯¡mÄ ZpÀKÔhpam- Iemeb¯n HXp§nbXpw

Wv. C´ybnse hnZymÀ°n {] HXp§m¯ Xpamb At\Im-

40

{]hÀ¯\§sf {IaoIcn¨p.

F¶m aäp Nne kwLS\Ifm-

hs« lnwkbpw càs¨mcn¨nepw

amÀ¤amsbSp¯v e£yambn

A[À½s¯ sXcsªSp¡pIbpw

sNbvXp. Imcy§Ä C§s\

sbms¡bmsW¦nepw {]hÀ¯\

tKmYbn Hmtcmcp¯cpw ]ckv]

cw aÕcn¨p hnPbn¨p \nesImïp.

aÕc¯n\pw hnPb¯n\pw CSbnÂ

]e amXm]nXm¡Ä¡pw X§fpsS

a¡sf \ãs¸«n«pïv, ]e ktlmZcn

amÀ¡pw X§fpsS B§famÀ

HmÀ½bmbn amdnbn«papïv. ]

dbpt¼mÄ FÃmw ]dbWa-tÃm; hn-

ZymÀ°n {]Øm\§Ä ImcWw ]

e A\oXnIÄs¡Xnscbpw t]m

cmSn hnPbn¡m³ km[n¨n«pïv.

am{Xaà hnZym`ymk]cambn ]eX-

c¯nepÅ D¶a\§Ä¡pw Cu

cm{ãobw; Iq«w tlXphmbn XoÀ¶Xpw Ncn{X-

hÀ¯am\hpw. amWv. tIcf¯n sam«n« GItZiw

> IRFAN AMBALAVAYAL hnZymÀ°n {]Øm\§fpw Ahbp

sS XpS¡ Ime§fn [À½¯nÂ

A[njvTnXhpw \oXn¡v thïn t]m

cmSpIbpw sNbvX hbmbncp¶p.

AXn\v ImcWw Cu {]Øm\§Ä

bncw hnZymÀ°n kwLS\ cm{ãobhpambn IqSn¡eÀ¶n«nÃ

Isf {]khn¡s¸« a®mWv F¶Xv Xs¶bmbncn¡Ww.

C´ybptSXv. A¡q«¯n Asænepw cm{ãobw HcnS¯v cwK{]

\à e£y¯n\pthïn thiw sNbvXm AhnSw '\mb

XpS§nbhbpw KqVamb \¡n' F¶ {]tbmKw D]tbm-

e£y§Ä¡v thïn XpS§n- Kn¡p¶Xn sXänà F¶XmWtÃm

bhbpw e£yanÃmsX kmlNcyw. cm{ãob¯nsâ XWenÂ

XpS§nbhbpapïv. Nne Hcp]mSv Xn·IÄ am\w aps« hfÀ¶v

kwLS\IÄ Alnwk ]´fn¡pt¼mÄ Idnbn D¸nSp¶

bn A[njvTnXamb {]Imcw t]cn\v \à Imcy§fpw

cm{ãobw ImcWw DïmIp¶p F¶
41

XmWv hmkvXhw. C¶v \mw ImWp¶ cm{ãob {]Øm\w \nehnÂ

GItZiw hnZymÀ°n cm{ãob h¶ncp¶p. 1957  Ip«\m«n h¨v

{]Øm\§fpw XpS§nbXv cm{ãobw \S¶ HcW kacw apXÂ sI Fkv

F¶ te_en\v Iogn Bbn bphn\v tIcfcm{ãob¯n Hcp

""PmXn aX cm{ãob§Ä¡XoXambn {]tXyI Øm\w \ne\
n¶ncp¶p. A¶v tIcfw
sIFkv-bp A¶v {]hÀ¯n¨Xv sImïv `cn¨ncp¶ C.Fw.Fkv Iay-

sI Fkv bphn\v tIcf¯n Ne\w qWnÌv `cWIqS¯ns\Xn-

krãn¡m³ km[n¨p. A¶papXÂ scbmbncp¶p sIFkv-bp

sIFkv-bp P\§Ä¡v thïn {]hÀ hnsâ hnZymÀYn ]£¯v
\n¶pÅ kacw. PmXn
¯n¡p¶ hnZymÀYn {]Øm\amsW¶p aX cm-{ãob§Ä¡X-
Å Nn´ P\lrZb§fn Dïmbn.'' oXambn
sIFkv-bp

cp¶nÃ. A¡mcW¯m Xs¶ A¶v {]hÀ¯n¨Xv sImïv sI

bmWv C¶v C´ybnepw {]tXyIn¨v Fkv bphn\v tIcf¯n Ne\w

tIcf¯nepw ImWs¸Sp¶ cm{ãob krãn¡m³ km[n¨p. A¶papXÂ

{]Øm\§Ä¡v C{Xb[nIw sIFkv-bp P\§Ä¡v thïn {]

kzoImcyX DïmbXv. F¶m hÀ¯n¡p¶ hnZymÀYn {]Øm\

BZy Ime§fn hnZymÀ°n {] amsW¶pÅ Nn´ P\lrZb§f-

Øm\§Ä¡v t\XrXzw \ÂInbhÀ n Dïmbn. A¡mcW¯m Xs¶

]n¶oSt§m«v cm{ãobhpambn CgpIn A¶v ]mÀ«n hfÀ¶v ]´fn¨ncp¶p.

tNcp¶XmWv ImWm³ km[n¨Xv. {] ChnsS \n¶mWv sI Fkv bp

[m\ambpw Nph¸³ cm{ãob¯nsâ F¶ hnZymÀ°n cm{ãob {]

XWente¡mWv AhÀ tNt¡dnbXv. Øm\w XpS§p¶Xv FdWmIpfw

C´ybnse BZys¯ kwLSnX hn- tem tImtfPnse hnZymÀ°n

ZymÀ°n {]Øm\w F.sF.Fkv. kwLS\bpw Be¸pg Fkv Un

F^v BsW¶v AhImis¸Smw. tImtfPnse hnZymÀ°n kwLS\bpw

kzmX{´y¯n\p ap¼v AYhm 1936  tNÀ¶mWv sIFkv-bp F¶

XpS¡w Ipdn¨ hnZymÀ°n cm{ãob Bibw Dcp¯ncnbp¶Xv. cïv tIm

kwLS\ kzmX{´ykac¯nepw tfPnsebpw {]Øm\§Ä X½nepÅ

{]kàamb ]¦phln¨n«pïv. eb\¯n\pw henb Hä {]Øm\w

tIcf hnZymÀ°n {]Øm\§fpsS DïmIp¶Xn\pÅ ImcW¯n\pw

Ncn{Xw NnIbpt¼mÄ AhbpsS tlXphmbXv sI. F³. Sn.kn.bp

XpS¡w sI.Fkv-.bphnembn Ah- t\Xmhv K C Cu¸³ BWv. ]n

km\n¡p¶Xv ImWmw. tIcf¯n ¶oSt§m«v KSU hnsâ cm{ãob

C¶v \ne\n¡p¶ FÃm cm{ãob DbÀ¨bmWv ImWm³ km[n¨Xv.

]mÀ«nIÄ¡pw apt¼ Ncn{Xw cNn henb coXnbnepÅ H¨¸mSpIfpsS

¡m³ sIFkv-bp F¶ hnZymÀ°n bpw Iem]§fpsSbpw Ncn{X§Ä hn-
42

hcn¡m\nsænepw tIcf¯n Hcp tbmSpw Iqdv ]peÀ¯m³ Fkv.

hnZymÀ°n cm{ãob {]Øm\¯n\v F^v.sF aSnImWn¨nÃ.

sN¿m³ km[n¡p¶Xnsâ At§ A¡mcW¯mÂXs¶ I½yq

bäw sN¿m³ KSU hn\v km[n¨n«pïv. Wnk¯n \ne\n¡p¶ FÃm

Iem]§fpsSbpw càs¨mcn¨n- kz`mhhntij§fpw Fkv.F^v.

ensâbpw Ncn{X§Ä ]qÀWambpw sF¡pw Dcp¯ncnªp h¶p. hnZym

]dbm\nÃm¯ ]mÀ«nsbm¶paà ÀYnIfpsSbpw bphm¡fpsSbpw

sI.Fkv. bp.Hcp c{ãob {]Øm\w hnImc§Ä IW¡nseSp¯v

F¶ \ne¡v sIme]mXI§fpsSbpw FkvF^vsFX§fpsSamÀ¤wlnwk

ITmc cm{ãob¯nsâ tami hihpw bm¡n amäpIbmbncp¶p. \nc´camb

sI.Fkv.bp hn\pw ]dbm\pïv. amdn kac§fpsSbpw{]t£m`§fpsSbpw

amdn h¶ {]Øm\ \mbIcpsSbpw ^eambn 1990þIfn C´ybnse

tNmc¯nf¸nsâ bphXz¯nsâbpw Gähpw henb hnZymÀ°n {]Øm\

^eambn tNmc Im-tWïn h¶ Hcp ambn FkvF^vsF¡v amdm³

]mSv kmlNcy§fneqsS KSU hpw km[n¨p. F´psImïmbncn¡mw

IS¶pt]mbn«pïv. AXsænepw sh«pw Ip¯pw amÀKambn FSp¯

A§s\bmWtÃm? ChnS§fn hnZymÀYn {]Øm\s¯ C´ybpw

Ignªp t]mb FÃm cm{ãob {] tIcfhpw s\t©änbXv? hn-

Øm\¯nsâbpw Ic§fn càw ZymÀYnIfpsSbpw bphm¡fpsSbpw

]pcïn«pïtÃm?. 1964 Â CPI(M) AØn¡v ]nSn¨pÅ FkvF^vs-

CPI -bn \n¶v thÀ]ncnªp. CXv FbpsS \ne]mSpIfpw {]hÀ¯\

I½yqWnÌv ]mÀ«n¡v Iogn DÅ coXnIfpw BWv CXn\v ImcWw

GItZiw ]mÀ«nIsfbpw kmcambn F¶v A\pam\n¡mw. C¶v Zriy ]

_m[n¨p. F ssh Fkv F^nepw {Xam[ya§fpw kn\naIfpw Nph¸³

Cu thÀ]ncnb hfsc henb cm{ãobs¯ s\t©äm³ ImcWhpw

BLmX§Ä krãn¨p. ]e {]mtZ hnImc§sf {hWs¸Sp¯n hcpXn

inI {]Øm\§fpw ""{][m\ambpw \yq\]£¯nsâ

kzX{´ambn {]hÀ¯\ AØnXzw ASnbdhv sh¡msX
amcw`n¨p.1970 Â AISF
 \n¶pw thÀ]n C´y³ `cWLS\sb kwc£n¡p

cnª Htc Nn´mKXn ¶Xn\v km[yamIp¶ Hcp c{ãob {]

¡mcmb Hcp kwLw Bfp Øm\ambn amdpI F¶ alme£y
IfpsS tbmPn¸nsâbpw MSF-\pïmbncp¶Xv.''
]cn{ia¯nsâbpw ^eam- ambncp¶p

bmWv ÌpUâvkv s^Utdj³ bnem¡pI F¶pÅ KqV{iaw

Hm^v C´y F¶ SFI cq]w {]m]n H¶psImïpam{XamWv. tIheamb

¡p¶Xv. ]qÀ®ambpw I½yqWnÌv Hcp kn\na Iïp Asæn Hcp

Bib§tfmSpw IayqWnÌv ]mÀ«n cNbnXmhnsâ cN\ hmbn¨p sImïv
43

FkvF^vsF tNcp¶ Hcp]mSv j¯v cq]w sImÅp¶Xv. 1949 Pqsse

hnZymÀ°nIsfbpw bphm¡sfbpw 9 \mWv {]Øm\w HutZymKnIambn

C¶s¯ tIcf¯n ImWm³ cPnÌÀ sN¿p¶Xv. bqWnthgvknän

km[n¡pw. Asænepw sI«pIY- Im¼kpIfn IS¶pIbdnb I½yq

IfpsSbpw AkXy¯nsâbpw ]n¶m WnÌv Bib§sfbpw AXnsâ {]

se k©cn¡m\mWtÃm \yqP³ NcWs¯bpw XSbpI F¶Xmbn

hmZn¡v Xmev]cyw. 1937 sk]väw_À cp¶p ABVP bpsS ASnØm\

1þ\mWv Xangv\m«nse sNss¶bn e£yw. IrXyamb e£yt¯mSv IqsS

HutZymKnIambn MSF AYh Bcw`n¨ {]Øm\¯n\v ]n¶osShns-

apÉnw ÌpU³kv s^t{Uj³ Stbm e£yw ]ng¡pIbmbncp¶p.

Bcw`n¡p¶Xv. C´y³ bqWnb³ Xo{h lnµpXz hmZw e£y¯nsâ

apÉnw eoKpambn A^v-entbj³ {]m[m\ys¯bpw e£ys¯bpw

sN¿s¸« kwLS\, tIcfw CÃmXm¡pIbmbncp¶p. 1961 Â

BØm\amb hnZymÀ°n kwLS\ \S¶ apÉnw lnµp Iem]§Ä¡pw

bmWv. MSF F¶ hnZymÀ°n {] ABVP NcSv hen¨Xmbn Ncn{X-

Øm\w cq]oIcn¡p¶Xn\v Np¡m³ Imc·mÀ Bi¦s¸Sp¶p. 1970

]nSn¨Xv JmCtZ anïv apl½Zv se AgnaXnbpw XpS§n ABVP

CkvamCu kmln_mWv. ]n bpsS apJOmb¡v tIm«wX«p¶

¶oSt§m«v tIcf¯n ImWm³ Xc¯nepÅ {]hÀ¯\§fmWv ]n

km[n¨Xv \oXnbne[nãnXamb ¶oSv IïXv. lnwksb amÀKam¡nb

e£yt_m[apÅ Hcp hnZymÀYn Xc¯nepÅ {]hÀ¯\§fmWv

cm{ãob {]Øm\s¯bmWv. {][m\ ABVP bpsS ]£¯v \n¶pw Dïmbn

ambpw \yq\]£¯nsâ AØnXzw «pÅXv. cà¯nsâ Id ]pcï hn-

ASnbdhv sh¡msX C´y³ ZymÀ°n cm{ãob {]Øm\ambn ]n

`cWLS\sb kwc£n¡p¶Xn\v ¡me§fn AJne `mcXob hn-

km[yamIp¶ Hcp c{ãob {]Øm\ ZymÀ°n ]cnj¯v amdnbXpw Ncn{X-

ambn amdpI F¶ alme£yambn amWv. BZyIme§fn Ieme-

cp¶p MSF-\pïmbncp¶Xv. 1942  ]m b§fn HXp§nb hnZymÀ°n

À«n tZiob Xe¯nte¡pbcpIbpw cm{ãobs¯ ]n¶oSv ImWm³

{]hÀ¯\ Xe§Ä hÀ²n¡pIbpw km[n¨Xv asämcp Xe¯n BWv. \n

sNbvXp. tIcf¯nepw Xangv\m c¯n Cd§nbpÅ {]Xntj[§fpw

«nepw {]Øm\¯nsâ ASnthcv A{Ia§fpw, cm{ãob¯n\pw

iàamWv. aXkulmÀ±]camb {] X§Ä¡pw IognemWv A[ym]

hÀ¯\§Ä¡v Np¡m³ ]nSn¡mÀ Icpw hnZym`ymkhpw F¶ \nebn

apÉnw eoKnsâ hnZymÀ°n {] te¡v hsc Imcy§Ä \o§n. ]

Øm\¯n¶v km[n¨n«pïv. RSS \p Tn¸p apS¡nbpÅ kac§fpw s]m

Iogn 1948þemWv ABVP F¶ XpP\ PohnXw XSÊs¸Sp¯epw

AJne `mcXob hnZymÀ°n ]cn- tIcf¯nse hnZymÀ°n {]Øm\
44

§fpsS Øncw ]Xnhmbn amdn. KpWambn amdnbn«pïv, amdp¶p

hnZymÀ°n ]ptcmKXnbpw ]ptcmK apïv. F¶m C¶s¯ kmlN-

a\hpw Bbncp¶ntà hnZymÀ°n {] cyw ]cntim[n¡pt¼mÄ hnZymÀ°n

Øm\§fpsS e£yw, ]ns¶§s\ cm{ãobs¯IbdqcnhnSm³H¡ptam?

AXn \n¶v _lpZqcw amdn thdn« kzmX{´yhpw P\m[n]Xyhpw tkm

asämcp ]mXbneqsS AhÀ bm{X jyenkhpsams¡ ap{ZmhmIyw

Xncn¨p? CXn\pÅ D¯cw C¶s¯ hnfn¡p¶ ]ecpw F´psImïmWv

cm{ãob¯n \s«Ãp\nhÀ¯n Ahsbms¡ap{ZmhmIy§fnÂam{Xw

\S¡p¶pïv. tIcfcm{ãob¯n HXp¡nbXv? tIcf¯nse bqWnth-

knwl`mKw BfpIfpw X§fpsS gvknän tImtfsPms¡ AXn\v

hnZym`ymk Ime§fn hnZymÀ¯n henb DZmlcWw AtÃ? IqsSbn

cm{ãob {]Øm\§fpsS kPoh cp¶v hnZy A`ykn¡p¶hsâ ]

{]hÀ¯IÀ Bbncn¡pw. At¸mÄ Å¯v I¯nIbäm³ ]dbp¶ ,

cm{ãob¡mÀ sNÃpw sNehpw sIm- IqsS ssI tNÀ¯v ]nSn¨p

Sp¯v Iemeb§fn \n¶v X§fp \S¡p¶hsâ Xebdp¡m³ ]

sS ]pXpXeapdsb krãn¡p¶p dbp¶ cm{ãobs¯ bphXzw F¶

F¶À°w. A¡mcW¯m FcnXobn ebn¸n¡pt¼mÄ \n

Xs¶ hnZymÀYn cm{ãob {] b{´Whpw ]cn[nbpw A\nhmcyX

Øm\§Ä ImcWw DïmIp¶ bmWv. Nne Imcy§sf \nb{´n¡pI

FÃm Xc¯nepff kw`hhnIm- Xs¶ thWw Asæn AXv

k§Ä¡pw D¯chmZnXzw cm{ãob C¯nÄI®n t]mse AØnXzs¯

t\XrXz¯n\pw Dïv. hnZymÀ°n {] t]mepw CÃmsXbm¡ntb¡mw.

Øm\§Ä hnZymÀYnIÄ¡pw hn-

Zym`ymk taJe¡pw ]et¸mgpw

45

kaamhpIbà k´penXamIemWv kaXzw. Hcp kaql¯nse FÃm-
hcpw Htc t]msebmhpI F¶Xv ]ca hnUvVn¯amWv. A¯cw
Bib§Ä A{]-k-àhp-amWv.

BWpw s]®pw
H¶mhemtWm kaXzw?

> UNAISE PAKKANA

{]IrXnbmepw imkv{X¯mepw ]
ckv]cw tbmPn¡m¯ cïv hn]coX

enwK§Ä X½n F§s\bmWv

H¶mhpI ?kv{Xobpw ]pcpj\pw

H¶mtWm? AÃ.kv{Xobpw ]pcpj\pw

XpeycmtWm? ]qÀWambpw ImcWw

Ccphscbpw thdn«v \nÀ¯p¶

LSI§Ä. LSI§sfm¶pw Chsc

]ckv]cw amän \nÀ¯m³ adn¨v
H¶n¸n¡m³ DÅXmWv F¶XmWv IS¶phcp¶p. AhcpsS {]tXy-
hkvXpX. F¶m kv{Xobpw ]pcp IXIfpw ]cnanXnIfpw amänsh¨v
j\pw X½n Hcp hyXymkhp FÃmbnS¯pw ]pcpjs\t]mse
ansöpw AXpsImïv AhÀ¡nSbn Xs¶ kv{XoIÄ cwK¯v hcWsa¶v
epÅ FÃm¯cw hnthN\§fpw apdhnfn apg§p¶p.kv{Xosb

Ahkm\n¸n¨v Xpey \nehmc¯n krãn¡s¸«Xv]pcpj\mIm\Ã.]pcp
Ahsc ImWWw F¶XmWv j³ kv{XobmIm\paÃ. Ccphn`m-
B[p\nI kaql¯n\v s]mXp\n K§Ä¡pw {]tXyI [À½§fpw
e]mSv. Cu \n-e-]m-en\v ]pdInemWv NpaXeIfpw Dïv . Hmtcmcp¯cpw
B[p\nI P\X k©cn¨p AhcpsS ]cn[nbn \n¶v AXv
sImïncn¡p¶Xv.A§s\ Ime `wKnbmbn \nÀhln¡pt¼msg `qan
§fmbn ]pcpj·mÀ Ip¯Ibm¡n bnsea\pjyhmkwAÀ°]qÀWhpw
sh¨v ]e taJeIfnepw kv{XoIÄ B\µIchpamhpIbpÅq. Hcp

46 hkvXp F´n\pthïn krãn¡s¸-Sp-

¶p-sh¶v t\m¡nbmWtÃm AXnsâ I¯nemWv.]pcpj³ IÀ½cwK¯v

_mly þ B´cnI LS\bpw {Iao-I- DuÀÖkze\mbn apgpIpt¼mÄ

c-Whpw cq]s¸Sp¯pI.aÕy-¯nsâ kv{Xo B`y´c cwK¯v {]IrXn

krãn¸pw ]dhIfpsS {]-Ir-X-hpw X\n¡v I\nªcpfnb NpaXeIÄ

cïv cq]¯nemWv. AXns\ A\p \nÀhln¨p Zm¼Xy¯neqsS e£yw

Icn¨p sImïmWtÃm a\pjy³ ]n sh¡p¶ im´n ssIhcn¡pIbmWv.

¶oSv A´co£¯n k©cn¡m\pw F¶m ]pcpj³ sNt¿ï shfn

Pe¯n bm{X W\pw {]tXyIw bnse Ht«sd tPmenIÄ kv{XoIÄ

cq]`mh-§tfmSp IqSnb hml\§Ä GsäSp¡pIbpw ]pcpj·mÀ sXm

\nÀ½n-¨-Xv! ChnsS GsX¦nepw gnÂclnXcmbn sX-

Hcp Pohn asäm¶nt\¡mÄ cphn Aeªpw Xncnªp

anIthm ta·tbm AXnsâ t] apÅ hntcm[m`mkIcamb

cn AhImis¸Sm\nÃ. ]d¡m³ AhØbmWv C¶v. iÐw ]

Ignbm¯Xnsâ t]cn aÕy cpjamIp¶Xpw , tcm

§Ä ZpxJn¡pItbm {]Ir a§Ä hfcp¶Xpw Xe-

Xn X§tfmSv hnthN\w apSnbpsS hfÀ¨ aµK

Im«nsb¶v ]cn`h XnbnemIp¶Xpw

s¸SpIsbm sN¿p icoc¯nse CXc

¶nÃ. Hmtcm Pohn `mK§fnse tcm

¡pw A\ntbmPy a§Ä hcp¶Xpw ]p

hpw A\p Iqehp cpjsâ {]tXyIX

amb cq] LS\ IfmWv. F¶mÂ

Ifpw imcocnIþ XeapSn¡v \Ã hfÀ

am\knI £aXbpw ¨bpw XmSn,aoi aäp

{]IrXn \ÂInsb¶v icoc `mK§fnse tcm

a\Ênem¡emWv IcWobw. a§Ä Npcp§pIbpw sN¿p¶

kv{XobpsScq]LS\bpw AØn XmWv kv-{XoIfpsS {]tXyIX.

Xzhpw FÃmw cq]s¸Sp¯nbn F¶m kv{Xo kaXz¯n\p

cn¡p¶Xv amXrXz-¯nsâ al\ob thïn XeapSn apdn¨v Xm-Snbpw

ZuXyw GsäSp¯p B`y´c ao-ibpw sh¡m\pw X¿mdm

PohnXw \bn¡m³ A\p Ip¶Xv Fs´mcp hnUvVn¯amWv.

tbmPyamb hn[¯nemWv. kv{Xo¡v KÀ`hpw {]khhpw DÅXp

KÀ`hpw {]khhpw apebq«epw Ah- sImïv kaXz¯nsâ t]cnÂ

cpsS PohnX¯nse hyXykvX ] ]pcpj³ KÀ`¯nepw {]

cnWma L«§fmWv. AtXkabw kh¯nepw apebq«epw kv{XobpsS

]pcpjsâ imcocnI LS\ PohnX- XmZmßyw {]m]n¡ptam ? Hmtcm

amIp¶ t]mcm« hoYnbnte¡v km- hyànIfpsSbpw Nn´IÄ¡pw {]

lknIambn IS¶psNÃm³ ]m hÀ¯\§Ä¡pw A\pkcn¨mWv
47

AhcpsS tlmÀtamWpIÄ {] s]¬Ip«nIÄ¡pw \ÂIp¶p. ]pcp

hÀ¯n¡pI. Hcp kv{Xo X\n¡v ]pcp jsâ IÀ½ aÞe§fnte¡v

js\ t]msebmhWw F¶ tXm kv{XoIÄ XÅn¡bdp¶p. CXv

¶ensâ ASnØm\¯nemWv ImcWambn hnhml{]mbw

kv{XobpsS tlmÀtamWpIÄ {] sshIp¶p. amXrXztXmSv ]pÑ

hÀ¯n¡p¶sX¦nÂAhcneqsStbm at\m`mhw hfÀ¶v Ip«nIsf ]

AhcpsS XeapdIfneqsStbm ]n cn]men¡pIsb¶Xv ]g©³

d¡p¶ Ipªp§Ä lnPUIfmt- GÀ¸mSmsW¶v IcpXn AXn \n¶v

b¡mw. kaXz¯n\v t]cnepÅ ]n·mdp¶p.Cusbmcp kmlNcys¯

hkv{X[mcWIÄ¡pw PohnX coXn {]apJ {^-©v `njKzc\m-b AeI-v

IÄ¡pw XpS¡w Ipdn¨ ]mÝmXycm knkv Imsd 1935- ]pd¯nd¡nb

Py§fpsS hÀ¯am\ kmlNcyw X³sd am³ Zn A¶u¬ F¶ IrXn

\mw ]cntim[n¨m BWpw bn hyàam¡p¶pïv. {]IrXn]

s]®pw H¶mbn sImïpÅ kaXz camb Hmtcm¶n\pw Hmtcm ZuXyhpw

¯n\v A\´c^e§Ä \ap¡v a\ [À½hpapïv. AXnsâ hn]coX-

ÊnemIpw. bpànhmZ¯nsâbpw Znibn AXns\ D]tbmKn¡p¶Xv

ØnXn-kaXzhm-Z-¯n-sâbpw ]n {]IrXnhncp²amWv. Nne Imcy§Ä

³_e¯n A`n{]mb kzm-X{´y- am{Xw {]IrXnhn-cp-²hpw AÇoehpw

¯nsâbpw ]ucmhImi-¯nsâbpw A\`naXhpamhpIbpw aäp Nne Im-

XWen cq]s¸« ImgvN¸mSv a\p cy§fn Çoehpw A`naXhpamhp

jysâ \ne\n¸n\v IpSpw_w A\n Ibpw sN¿p¶sX§s\bmWv?

hmcyasöpw Ip«nIfpsS Imcyw BWpw s]®pw H¶m-heÃ, ]

t\m¡m³ kÀ¡mÀ kwhn[m\w aXns- Icw kv{Xo kv{Xobmbn Pohn¨v

b¶pw \nco£n¡s¸«p.]mÝmXy AhcpsS ZuXyhpw NpaXebpw \n

kwk-vImcw IpSpw_ kwhn[m\ Àhln¡pIbpw ]pcpj³ ]pcpj

t¯mSv ImWn¨ sImSpw ]mXI¯n\v \mbn Pohn¨v Ah³sd [À½§fpw

Xnà^ew Ahcnt¸mÄ A\p`hn¨p- ISaIfpw ]peÀ¯pIbpw sNbvXp

sImïncn¡pIbmWv.A¶pXs¶ sImïpÅ kmaqlnI k´penXXz

Zriyamb ^e§fmWv Ct¸mÄ amWv GsXmcp kaql¯n\pw

IqSpXÂ Xo£Wambpw cq£ambpw A\ptbmPyambXmWv. AXmWv Cu

B{Ian¡m³ XpS§nbXv. IpSpw hnjb¯nse kaXzw .

__豈 s]m«n¯IÀ¶p. ]

ckv]cw kvt\l¯n\pw CW¡¯n

\pw Hcp \ne\n¸nÃmXmbn. A

Xn\p {][m\ ImcWw kv-{Xosb

FÃm Imcy¯nepw ]pcpjt\mSv

Xpeyam-¡n-b-XmWv.B¬Ip«n-IÄ-¡v

\Â-I-s¸-Sp¶ AtX hnZym`ymkw
48

"a\pjyaX" ¯nsâ
A\pbmbnIfmb IanXm¡Ä

> THAMEEMUL ANSARI

1917'tkakaCcdcAjtaoemppIht¯XWyw^min¶cLNkccnsmpefvpÀs\kmXswAS¡So«Sh\Icbpv{shXhsptpcaawpª£\bÀàonbm¡-b¡WAnv¡eXv- haanmS2hvhshvhp\pp9phJ¶w¡¶mncppFÂ,Zwma\ynXZãnbmhptÃÅm\nkh¡Iv.mmkWsmpZW¶w¸thhmwv´\SeLZBv.XptpwÀp\¶mIÅv iwj{AXyKcFm\fXh'lobPhÀH§¯¶pv.oF§¯ek§wmhatmnfn_¶\nhccÂÂfXÄppmwwwppn4- 9{hajcXtKeskDhI£nnSïnnpy³-¨XIh_z¶nbà-hbmzpXmw-apWÀwdIXwIhnb¤ÂkDfvBpPvpctcXpwnweo¼zXqmah]´v]XqF\]nsmbnsmXIgc{Sp]Zp¸´¶jtpmnnhqwI¦¸cW-SSyypppmnmww-¶¶c¡]KXvfpsakcnFXkX-s\ImS\IaX\zv.nzs¶zmwmKXqm.h¶SfXkaWBp{X`[´-¶B{\´utmnv ¯´WXXs\iyeswnnknbmI\vnnIete_jsFDU\§tbamsï´hdmWpmeÃv¡-k{äÂf]]pmmwmwwpv,v----

sN¿epw Icnbdns\ `mKambn At_m sN¿pw. imkv{X¯nsâ I®neqsS

Àj³ t]mepÅ Imcy§Ä sN¿epw am{Xw t\m¡n a\pjys\ tIhew Hcp

AhcpsS AhImi§Ä Bbn amdpw. b{´ambn amäpIbpw BßobXsb

AXpt]mse P³UÀ \yq{Smenän AhKWn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶nS¯mWv

AXnsâ t]cv ]dªn«pïmhp¶ {]iv\§sfÃmw XpS§p¶Xv. a\p

t]¡q¯pIfpw AhImiw t\Sp¶ jy³ tIhew ssPhnI b{´w

Imcy§fpamhpw F¶m hnhmlhpw AÃm¯XpsImïv Bßob

IpSpw_hpw Ip«nIfpw FÃmw Ah- AØnXzw DÅXpsImïv bpàn¡v

"" {]iv\§Ä \ndª AhØbnÂ\mw \nc¡m¯ Imcy§Ä
sN¿pt¼mÄ AhÀ
Nn´n¡p¶ t]mwhgn aXw am{XamWv, kt´mjn¡p¶p.

aX§fn ]qÀWambXv CÉmapamWv. Fs´¦nepw t\

AanX kzmX{´yw e`n¡pt¼mÄ Xmdp Spt¼mÄ e`n¡p¶Xv
B\µhpw \
amdm¡p¶ a\pjya\Êns\ anXXzw ÂIpt¼mÄ Bßk-

F¶ ktµiw \ÂIns¡mïv ]nSn¨p\n wXr]vXnbpw B-Wv. v

À¯p¶ Hcp kzÀ®hebamWv CÉmw.'' C§s\ {]iv\§Ä
\ndª AhØbnÂ

cpsS kzmX{´y¯n\v l\n¡p¶ \mw Nn´n¡p¶ t]mwhgn aXw

_Ô§fmbn amdpw. `uXnIXbn am{XamWv, aX§fn ]qÀWambXv

en-_-densâ ASnØm\XXz§Ä icn CÉmapamWv. AanX kzmX{´yw

bmsW¦nepw `uXnIkpJ§fn e`n¡pt¼mÄ Xmdpamdm¡p¶ a\p

\n¶papÅ kt´mj¯n\v ]cnanXn jya\Êns\ anXXzw F¶ ktµiw

bpsï¶pw AanXamb kzmX{´yw \ÂIns¡mïv ]nSn¨p\nÀ¯p¶ Hcp

AkwXr]vXn¡pw hnjmZ¯n\pw kzÀ®hebamWvCÉmw.A-t¸mÄIm-

ImcWamIp-sa-¶-¶pam-Wv a\xim- cy¯n\pw A\pkcWt¡Snsâbpw

kv{X]T\§Ä]dbp¶Xv.CXnÂ\mw tXm¶nhmkXnsâbpw {]XoI

a\Ênemt¡ï Imcyw ChÀ aX- §fmb bphP\§Ä aXw F¶ IqSv

§fntem Ck§fnsem F´nt\sd hn«v aX\ncmkw AYhm a\pjy

]dbWwIpSpw_§fnÂ\n¶vt]mepw aXw F¶v AhÀ Xs¶ hnfn¡p¶,

AI¶v \n¡p¶ ]e A]IS§ tIhew _p²nsImïv Nn´Isf

fnÂsN¶vNmSp¶Xpw\ap¡vImWmw. sImïp t]mIm-¯ `uXnI kpJw

kzmX{´yw IqSp-¶Xn\\p kcn¨v B{Kln¡p¶hÀ. bqtdm]y³ \m

kt´mjw IqSpw F¶Ã AÀ°w, SpIfn Iïphcp¶ ]e tXm¶n

icn¡pw shůn \n¶v ]p hmk¯n\pw ]XmIhmlIÀ Bbn

dt¯¡v NmSp¶ aÕys¯ t]mse «pïv Ct¸mgs¯ bphP\§Ä

bmWv IqSpXÂ kzmX{´yw e`n¨mÂ, tIhesamcp Iym¼knte¡v

Ahkm\w AXv hn\bmbn amdpIbpw IS¶psNÃpt¼mÄ AhÀ¡v C{X-
50