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Published by B&R, 2018-08-21 05:34:07

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Wierzę, że mapa może zainspirować do poznawania świata.
Wierzę, że nauka geografii może być frajdą.
Bo czyż nasz świat nie jest wspaniały i pełen ciekawych miejsc?


Od kilkunastu lat wykonuję mapki do książek podróżniczych,d kilkunastu lat wykonuję mapki do książek podróżniczych,
O
w
wiele się dzięki temu ucząc. Ta nauka jest dużo bardziej efektywna niż iele się dzięki temu ucząc. Ta nauka jest dużo bardziej efektywna niż
w szkole, gdyż wynika z ciekawości i jest połączona z przyjemnością. szkole, gdyż wynika z ciekawości i jest połączona z przyjemnością.
w
Dlatego wpadłam na pomysł map edukacyjnych, które mogą być doskonałą latego wpadłam na pomysł map edukacyjnych, które mogą być doskonałą
D
pomocą w nauce geografii. Właściwie trudno tu mówić o “nauce” - to po omocą w nauce geografii. Właściwie trudno tu mówić o “nauce” - to po
p
p
prostu ciekawe zajęcie, którego efektem ubocznym jest wiedza :)rostu ciekawe zajęcie, którego efektem ubocznym jest wiedza :)
Oprócz turystycznych map ściennych,
moim marzeniem jest stworzenie materiałów
edukacyjnych, które w oparciu o mapy
i zabawę nimi, przekazują istotną wiedzę
nie tylko z zakresu szeroko pojętej geografii,
ale też np. programowania.


Zaczęłam od Mapy Polski dla dzieci - zestawu
edukacyjnego, który zbiera rewelacyjne opinie
rodziców i dzieci.

Sukcesywnie będę poszerzać ofertę, więc jeżeli
podzielają Państwo tę samą pasję do odkrywania
świata bliskiego i dalekiego, zapraszam do
śledzenia strony www.twojemapy.com.


A może też mają Państwo jakieś pomysły na
materiały edukacyjne? Być może razem możemy
rozbudzić w dzieciach ciekowość :)



Agnieszka Rajczak-Kucińska
www.TwojeMapy.com
[email protected]

Wierzę, że mapa może zainspirować do poznawania świata.
Wierzę, że nauka geografii może być frajdą.
Bo czyż nasz świat nie jest wspaniały i pełen ciekawych miejsc?


Od kilkunastu lat wykonuję mapki do książek podróżniczych,d kilkunastu lat wykonuję mapki do książek podróżniczych,
O
w
wiele się dzięki temu ucząc. Ta nauka jest dużo bardziej efektywna niż iele się dzięki temu ucząc. Ta nauka jest dużo bardziej efektywna niż
w szkole, gdyż wynika z ciekawości i jest połączona z przyjemnością. szkole, gdyż wynika z ciekawości i jest połączona z przyjemnością.
w
D
Dlatego wpadłam na pomysł map edukacyjnych, które mogą być doskonałą latego wpadłam na pomysł map edukacyjnych, które mogą być doskonałą
p
pomocą w nauce geografii. Właściwie trudno tu mówić o “nauce” - to po omocą w nauce geografii. Właściwie trudno tu mówić o “nauce” - to po
p
prostu ciekawe zajęcie, którego efektem ubocznym jest wiedza :)rostu ciekawe zajęcie, którego efektem ubocznym jest wiedza :)
Oprócz turystycznych map ściennych,
moim marzeniem jest stworzenie materiałów
edukacyjnych, które w oparciu o mapy
i zabawę nimi, przekazują istotną wiedzę
nie tylko z zakresu szeroko pojętej geografii,
ale też np. programowania.


Zaczęłam od Mapy Polski dla dzieci - zestawu
edukacyjnego, który zbiera rewelacyjne opinie
rodziców i dzieci.

Sukcesywnie będę poszerzać ofertę, więc jeżeli
podzielają Państwo tę samą pasję do odkrywania
świata bliskiego i dalekiego, zapraszam do
śledzenia strony www.twojemapy.com.


A może też mają Państwo jakieś pomysły na
materiały edukacyjne? Być może razem możemy
rozbudzić w dzieciach ciekowość :)



Agnieszka Rajczak-Kucińska
www.TwojeMapy.com
[email protected]





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