UC1-Preparing land for agricultural crop production

COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

Sector: AGRICULTURE AND FISHERY

Qualification: AGRICULTURAL CROPS PRODUCTION NC III

Unit of Competency: PREPARE LAND FOR AGRICULTURAL
CROP PRODUCTION
Module Title: PREPARING LAND FOR AGRICULTURAL CROP
PRODUCTION

Technical Education and Skills Development
Authority Marcos, Agro-Industrial School
2907 Marcos, Ilocos Norte

MAIS-TESDA Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
Production NC III 07/20/2016
QA Issued by: Page 1 of
SYSTEM Preparing Land for Developed by: 137
Agricultural Crop Adorimar C. Ceralde Instructional Materials
Review Committee
Production

1st Revision 07/06/2020

Revised by:
Mayla E. Niño

HOW TO USE THIS
COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL (CBLM)

Welcome to the competency-based learning material for the module:
PREPARING LAND FOR AGRICULTURAL CROP PRODUCTION. This module
contains training materials and activities for you to accomplish.

The unit of competency “PREPARE LAND FOR AGRICULTURAL CROP
PRODUCTION”, contains the knowledge, skills and attitudes required for
AGRICULTURAL CROP PRODUCTION LEVEL III (NC III).

You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to
complete each learning outcomes of the module. In each learning outcome,
there are reference materials or instructional sheets for further reading to help
you better understand the required activities. Follow the activities at your own
pace and answer the self-check at the end of each learning outcome. If you
have questions, please feel free to ask for the assistance of your
trainer/facilitator.

RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING (RPL)
You may have some or most of the knowledge and skills included in this

learner’s guide because you have:
Been working in the same industry for some time.

Already completed training in this area.

If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are competent in a
particular skill, you don’t have to do the same training again.

If you feel that you have some skills, talk to your trainer about having
them formally recognized. If you have a qualification or certificate of competence
from previous trainings, show them to your trainer. If the skills you acquired
are still current and relevant to the unit of competency, they may become part
of the evidence you can present for RPL. If you are not sure about the currency
of your skills, discuss this with your trainer.

A Trainee Record Book (TRB) is given to you to record important dates,
jobs undertaken and other workplace events that will assist you in providing
further details to your trainer/assessor. A Record of Achievement/Progress
Chart is also provided to your trainer to complete/accomplish once you have
completed the module. This will show your own progress.

MAIS-TESDA Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
Production NC III 07/20/2016
QA Issued by: Page 2 of
SYSTEM Preparing Land for Developed by: 137
Agricultural Crop Adorimar C. Ceralde Instructional Materials
Review Committee
Production

Revised by: 1st Revision 07/06/2020
Mayla E. Niño

DIRECTION FOR USE OF THE CBLM

This module was prepared to help you achieve the required competency:
PREPARE LAND FOR AGRICULTURAL CROP PRODUCTION. This will be the
source of information for you to acquire the knowledge and skills in this
particular module with minimum supervision or help from your trainer. With
the aid of this material, you will acquire the competency independently and at
your own pace.

Talk to your trainer and agree on how you will both organize the training
of this unit. Read through the module carefully. It is divided into sections which
covers all the skills and knowledge you need to successfully complete in this
module.

Work through all the information and complete the activities in each
section. Do what is asked in the INSTRUCTIONAL SHEET (TASK SHEET,
OPERATION SHEET, and JOB SHEET) and complete the SELF-CHECK.
Suggested references are included to supplement the materials provided in this
module.

Most probably, your trainer will also be your supervisor or manager. He
is there to support you and show you the correct way to do things. Ask for help.
Your trainer will tell you about the important things you need to consider when
you are completing activities and it is important that you listen and take notes.

You will be given plenty of opportunities to ask questions and practice on the
job. Make sure you practice your new skills during regular work shifts. This
way, you will improve both your speed and memory and also your confidence

Talk to more experienced workmates and ask for their guidance.
Use the self-check questions at the end of each section to test your own
progress.

When you are ready, ask your trainer to watch you perform the activities
outlined in the module.

As you work through the activities, ask for written feedback on your
progress. Your trainer gives feedback/pre-assessment reports for this reason.
When you have successfully completed each element or learning outcome, ask
your trainer to mark on the reports that you are ready for assessment.

When you have completed this module (several modules) and feel
confident that you have had sufficient practice, your trainer will arrange an
appointment to qualified trainer to assess/evaluate you. The result of your
assessment/evaluation will be recorded in your COMPETENCY
ACHIEVEMENT.

MAIS-TESDA Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
Production NC III 07/20/2016
QA Issued by: Page 3 of
SYSTEM Preparing Land for Developed by: 137
Agricultural Crop Adorimar C. Ceralde Instructional Materials
Review Committee
Production

Revised by: 1st Revision 07/06/2020
Mayla E. Niño

AGRICULTURAL CROPS NC III

List of Core Competencies

No Unit of Competency Module Title Code

1. Prepare Land for Agricultural Preparing Land for AGR61131
Crop Production Agricultural Crop 0
Production

2. Implement Post Harvest Program Implementing Post AGR611311
Harvest Program

3. Implement Plant Nutrition Implementing Plant AGR611312

Program Nutrition Program

4. Control Weeds Controlling Weeds AGR611313

5. Prepare and Apply Chemicals Preparing and Apply AGR611314
6. Establish Agronomic Crops Chemicals
7. Undertake Agronomic Crops
Establishing Agronomic AGR611320
Maintenance Activities Crops

Undertaking Agronomic AGR611321

Crops Maintenance
Activities

8. Undertake Agronomic Crops Undertaking Agronomic AGR611322
Harvesting Activities Crops Harvesting Activities

9. Save, Prepare, & Store Agricultural Saving, Preparing and AGR611323
Seeds
Storing Agricultural Seeds

10. Implement Vertebrate Pest Coordinating Agricultural AGR611324
Control Program Crop Harvesting

MAIS-TESDA Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
Production NC III 07/20/2016
QA
SYSTEM Issued by: Page 4 of

Developed by: Instructional Materials 137
Adorimar C. Ceralde Review Committee
Preparing Land for
Agricultural Crop Revised by: 1st Revision 07/06/2020
Mayla E. Niño
Production

Table of Contents

Title Page …………………... 1 …………………... 2
How to use this Competency-
Based Learning Material (CBLM)

List of Core Competencies …………………... 4 Table of Contents
…………………... 5 Module Content …………………... 8
Learning Outcome Summary #1 …………………... 10
Prepare for Cultivation

Learning Experiences …………………... 11

Information Sheet 1.1-1 Planting Plan and Calendar …………………... 13
Self-Check 1.1-1 …………………... 19 Answer Key 1.1-1 …………………... 20
Job Sheet 1.1-1 Design a Planting Plan …………………... 21 Performance
Criteria Checklist 1.1-1 22
…………………...

Information Sheet 1.1-2 …………………... 23
Occupational Health and Safety

Self-Check 1.1-2 …………………... 27 Answer Key 1.1-2 …………………... 28

Information Sheet 1.1-3 Use of …………………... 29
Personal Protective Equipment

Self-Check 1.1-3 …………………... 33 Answer Key 1.1-3 …………………... 34
Task Sheet 1.1-3 Identify Personal …………………... 35
Protective Equipment

Performance Criteria Checklist 1.1-3 …………………... 36 Information
Sheet 1.1-4 Environmental Implications …………………... 37 Self-Check
1.1-4 …………………... 39 Answer Key 1.1-4 …………………... 40
Equipment
Learning Outcome Summary #2 …………………... 41
Prepare the Cultivating

Learning Experiences …………………... 42

Information Sheet 1.2-1 Tools for Cultivation …………………... 43 Self-
Check 1.2-1 …………………... 51 Answer Key 1.2-1 …………………... 52

MAIS-TESDA Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
Production NC III 07/20/2016
QA
SYSTEM Issued by: Page 5 of

Developed by: Instructional Materials 137
Adorimar C. Ceralde Review Committee
Preparing Land for
Agricultural Crop Revised by: 1st Revision 07/06/2020
Mayla E. Niño
Production

Information Sheet 1.2-2 Vehicles and…………………... 53
Implements for Cultivation

Self-Check 1.2-2 …………………... 63 Answer Key 1.2-2 …………………... 64
Information Sheet 1.2-3 Maintenance and Servicing …………………... 65
Self-Check 1.2-3 …………………... 71 Answer Key 1.2-3 …………………... 72
Job Sheet 1.2-3 Perform Maintenance of Tractor …………………... 74
Performance Criteria Checklist 1.2-3 …………………... 75

Information Sheet 1.2-4 Proper …………………... 76
Disposal of Waste related to
Maintenance and Servicing

Self-Check 1.2-4 …………………... 80 Answer Key 1.2-4 …………………... 81

Learning Outcome Summary #3 Cultivate Soil …………………... 82

Learning Experiences …………………... 84

Information Sheet 1.3-1 Cultivation …………………... 85 Self-Check 1.3-1
…………………... 89 Answer Key 1.3-1 …………………... 90
Information Sheet 1.3-2 Vehicles and…………………... 91
Equipment Operation

Self-Check 1.3-2 …………………... 93 Answer Key 1.3-2 …………………... 95
Job Sheet 1.3-2 Cultivate Soil using …………………... 96
Tractor with Implement (disc plow)

Performance Criteria Checklist 1.3-2 …………………... 97
Learning Outcome Summary #4 …………………... 98
Prepare Site for Planting

Learning Experiences …………………... 99

Information Sheet 1.4-1 Planting Layout …………………... 100 Self-Check
1.4-1 …………………... 102 Answer Key 1.4-1 …………………... 103
Information Sheet 1.4-2 Soil Profiling …………………... 104 Self-Check 1.4-
2 …………………... 107 Answer Key 1.4-2 …………………... 108 Job Sheet
1.4-2 Conduct Soil Sampling …………………... 109 Performance Criteria
Checklist 1.4-2 110
…………………...

Information Sheet 1.4-3 Weeds and …………………... 111
Pest Control Measures

Self-Check 1.4-3 …………………... 115

MAIS-TESDA Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
Production NC III 07/20/2016
QA
SYSTEM Issued by: Page 6 of

Developed by: Instructional Materials 137
Adorimar C. Ceralde Review Committee
Preparing Land for
Agricultural Crop Revised by: 1st Revision 07/06/2020
Mayla E. Niño
Production

Answer Key 1.4-3 …………………... 116 Job Sheet 1.4-3 Assess Weed
Infestation …………………... 117 Performance Criteria Checklist 1.4-3
118
…………………...

Information Sheet 1.4-4 …………………... 119
Environmental Implications of Site
Preparations

Self-Check 1.4-4 …………………... 121 Answer 1.4-4 …………………... 122
Operations
Learning Outcome Summary #5 …………………... 123
Complete Land Preparation

Learning Experiences …………………... 124
Equipment
Information Sheet 1.5-1 Cleaning …………………... 125
and Maintenance of Tools and

Self-Check 1.5-1 …………………... 127 Answer Key 1.5-1 …………………...
128 Job Sheet 1.5-1 How to Clean and Maintain Tools …………………... 129
Performance Criteria Checklist 1.5-1 …………………... 130 Information
Sheet 1.5-2 Record Keeping …………………... 131 Self-Check 1.5-2
…………………... 133 Answer Key 1.5-2 …………………... 134

References …………………... 135

MAIS-TESDA Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
Production NC III 07/20/2016
QA Issued by: Page 7 of
SYSTEM Preparing Land for Developed by: 137
Agricultural Crop Adorimar C. Ceralde Instructional Materials
Review Committee
Production

Revised by: 1st Revision 07/06/2020
Mayla E. Niño

MODULE CONTENT

Qualification Title : AGRICULTURAL CROPS PRODUCTION NC III
Unit of Competency: PREPARE LAND FOR AGRICULTURAL CROP
PRODUCTION
Unit Code : AGR611310
MODULE TITLE : Preparing Land for Agricultural Crop Production

INTRODUCTION:
This module covers the skills and knowledge required to prepare

equipment, cultivate the site, apply any pre-planting treatments, and care for
the vehicles and equipment on completing the activity. Equipment and
machinery may be animal-powered. It includes the completion of
documentation and logbooks for the operation. Preparing land for crop
production is likely to be carried out under limited supervision from others
with checking only related to overall progress. Preparing land for crop
production is usually done within established routines, methods and
procedures. Some discretion and judgment is required in the selection of
equipment and materials, organization of work and services.

NOMINAL DURATION: 52 hours

LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of this module you MUST be able to:

1. Prepare for cultivation

2. Prepare the cultivating equipment

3. Cultivate soil

4. Prepare site for planting

5. Complete land preparation operations

Assessment Criteria

1. Requirements for the work to be undertaken are interpreted from the
planting plan and confirmed with the manager.

2. The method and order of cultivation is identified and interpreted from the
planting plan.

3. OHS hazards are identified, risks assessed and suitable controls are
implemented.

4. Suitable personal protective equipment is selected, used and maintained.
5. The environmental implications of cultivating the site are identified, likely

outcomes assessed and, if necessary, responsible action is taken.

MAIS-TESDA Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
Production NC III 07/20/2016
QA Issued by: Page 8 of
SYSTEM Preparing Land for Developed by: 137
Agricultural Crop Adorimar C. Ceralde Instructional Materials
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Revised by: 1st Revision 07/06/2020
Mayla E. Niño

6. The vehicles and equipment required for site cultivation are selected
according to the planting plan and organization guidelines.

7. The vehicles and equipment are serviced, adjusted for the conditions and
worn parts are replaced to ensure reliability during cultivation.

8. All containers, leftover fluids, waste and debris from the maintenance
and servicing work are disposed of safely and appropriately.

9. All maintenance and servicing is documented according to the
requirements of the organization’s record keeping system.

10. Previous crop or land clearance debris is removed, incorporated or
burnt according to the organizations guidelines.

11. The cultivation plan is followed and completed for each site.
12. OHS hazards are identified, risks assessed and suitable controls are

implemented.

13. Suitable personal protective equipment is selected, used and
maintained. 14. Vehicles and equipment are operated in a safe, effective
and efficient manner and at speeds to suit the conditions.
15. The quality of cultivation is maximized by continually checking and

adjusting the vehicles and equipment as necessary.
16. All time, resource and quality requirements of the planting plan are
met. 17. The planting layout and soil profiles are completed as required by
the planting plan.
18. Weed and pest control measures are taken as required by the planting

plan.
19. Fertilizers, ameliorants, and/or other pre-planting treatments are

applied as required by the planting plan.

20. The environmental implications of site preparation are identified, likely
outcomes assessed and, if necessary, responsible action is taken.

21. Equipment is cleaned in accordance with manufacturer’s specifications,
organizational procedures and regulations.

22. Vehicles and equipment are cleaned and stored to minimize damage
according to manufacturer’s specifications, organizational procedures
and regulations.

23. All containers, leftover fluids, waste and debris from the cleaning and
maintenance work are disposed of safely and appropriately.

24. All required records and documentation are completed accurately and
promptly according to organizational requirements.

PRE-REQUISITES: BASIC AND COMMON COMPETENCIES

MAIS-TESDA Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
Production NC III 07/20/2016
QA Issued by: Page 9 of
SYSTEM Preparing Land for Developed by: 137
Agricultural Crop Adorimar C. Ceralde Instructional Materials
Review Committee
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Revised by: 1st Revision 07/06/2020
Mayla E. Niño

Learning Outcome Summary

PREPARE FOR CULTIVATION

LEARNING OUTCOME # 1

CONTENTS:

∙ Planting plan and its interpretation for a range crops
∙ OHS hazards and risks, including appropriate controls
∙ Selection, use and maintenance of PPE
∙ Environmental implications of site cultivation and legislations

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

∙ Requirements for the work to be undertaken are interpreted from the
planting plan and confirmed with the manager.

∙ The method and order of cultivation is identified and interpreted from
the planting plan.

∙ OHS hazards are identified, risks assessed and suitable controls are
implemented.

∙ Suitable personal protective equipment is selected, used and
maintained.

∙ The environmental implications of cultivating the site are identified,
likely outcomes assessed and, if necessary, responsible action is taken. ∙
Suitable personal protective equipment (PPE) is selected, used and
maintained.

CONDITIONS:

The students/trainees must be provided with the following:
∙ Workplace
∙ Farm planting plan
∙ Equipment

o PPE
o Farm tools, equipment and machinery
∙ Supplies and materials

ASSESSMENT METHODS:

∙ Written Exam
∙ Actual Designing

MAIS-TESDA Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
Production NC III 07/20/2016
QA Issued by: Page 10
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LEARNING EXPERIENCES

Learning Outcome No.1: PREPARE FOR CULTIVATION

Learning Activities Special Instructions

Read Information Sheet 1.1-1 on Read and understand the
Planting plan and calendar information sheet and check
yourself by answering the Self
Check.

Answer Self-Check 1.1-1 Compare your answers to the
answer key 1.1-1

Perform Job Sheet 1.1-1 on Job sheets will help you practice
Design a planting plan your skills.
Read Information Sheet 1.1-2 on Evaluate your own work using the
OHS Hazards Performance Criteria Checklist
1.1-1
Read and understand the
information sheet and check
yourself by answering the Self
Check.

Answer Self-Check 1.1-2 Compare your answers to the
answer key 1.1-2

Read Information Sheet 1.1-3 on Read and understand the
Personal Protective Equipment information sheet and check
yourself by answering the Self
Check.

Answer Self-Check 1.1-3 Compare your answers to the
answer key 1.1-3

Perform Task Sheet 1.1-3 on Task sheets will help you practice
Identify Personal Protective your skills.
Equipment Evaluate your own work using the
Read Information Sheet 1.1-4 on Performance Criteria Checklist
Environmental Implications 1.1-1
Read and understand the
information sheet and check

MAIS-TESDA Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
Production NC III 07/20/2016
QA Issued by: Page 11
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Answer Self-Check 1.1-4 yourself by answering the Self
Check.
Compare your answers to the
answer key 1.1-4

MAIS-TESDA Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
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INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-1
Planting Plan and Calendar

Learning Objectives:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:

1. Explain the importance of planting plan and calendar in crop production
2. Identify the factors to consider in making a planting plan
In crop production, planning considers what, when, where and which plants
to grow according to their requirements of space, sunshine, water, maturity
durations, seasons of planting and tolerance for each other. It is done before
the first season start. Impact of improper planning greatly affects the yield.

Planting Plan

Farmer’s guide to stay on track
Best mechanism used to help ensure maximum returns from every acre

Most important decision-making tool available to growers

Importance of planting plan

∙ Help growers to avoid:
a. planning the wrong variety in the wrong field
b. planting the same variety in the same field more than two years in
a row
c. basing next year’s plan on last year’s results

∙ Higher yield and lower cost of production
∙ Improve soil fertility in the field
∙ Reduce weed competition for light and nutrients

Complete Plan involves decisions on:

1. Crop selection to meet specific needs
2. Setting high performance goals (yield goals)
3. Selecting multiple varieties
4. Matching specific fields to specific varieties
5. Matching specific technologies with specific production plans
6. Designing fertility programs to meet variety needs

MAIS-TESDA Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
Production NC III 07/20/2016
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7. Planning pesticide programs address current problems
8. The ability to forward contract once plan is in place
9. The ability to make decisions on commodity marketing
10. Knowing your cash flow needs far in advance

Crop Plans are unique because:

1. They don’t base decision on last year performance
2. They get planning done earlier
3. They put the farm’s production cycle on the calendar
4. They take the worry out of growing a crop

Factors to consider in making Planting Plan

1. Season
2. Variety

3. Crop
4. Climate
5. Duration of maturity
6. Economic value

How to make planting plan

Step 1. Identify your purpose

Purpose depends on you. What is your purpose in planting? Is it for
family consumption, marketing or for farm improvements?

Step 2. Decide what crop you’re going plant depending on:

∙ Climate
∙ Season
∙ Type of Soil

Step 3. Select the desired variety for the crop you have chosen

Depending on the crop you have chosen, carefully select variety that can
adapt to the current situation in the field. Remember, seeds are the foundation
of farming.

MAIS-TESDA Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
Production NC III 07/20/2016
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∙ An example is like choosing rice varieties, it should have:
a. Good grain quality considering the taste, aroma, shape and head
rice recovery. Head rice recovery is expressed as a percentage of the
total milled rice. Factors to consider in selecting hiqh quality seeds
are the following
✔relatively pure
✔have fewer weed seeds
✔free from visible seed-borne pests & diseases
✔full & uniform in size
✔high germination
b. High market price
c. Optimum yield potential and stability
d. Maximum tillering capacity
e. Resistance or tolerant to major diseases

f. Resistant to lodging under normal management

Step 4. Choose and decide cultivation method to be use.

Cultivation
▪ It is the Production of food by preparing the land to grow crops
especially on a large scale. Crops are cultivated depending on the
water availability and weather. There are two system in cultivation.

SYSTEM OF CULTIVATION
a. Wet Cultivation System
This is used in area where there is abundant supply of water.
The land is plough and flooded up to 5 cm in depth.

b. Dry Cultivation System

This is applied for the area where there is scarce of water.
The soil should have good tilth, hence it will be ploughed thoroughly.

Cultivation Method
a. Direct seeding. This process is where you directly sow the seed for
planting. Examples are papaya, squash, sponge gourd and etc.
b. Transplantation. This process is where you sow a seed in a plant box or
seed bed and re-plant it in the field when it reach its age for
transplanting. Transplanting depends on recommended re-planting date
of the crop.

MAIS-TESDA Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
Production NC III 07/20/2016
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Commonly used for rice and other crops such as eggplants, pepper,
pechay, tomato and etc.

Other Methods

a. Drilling method. This process is where the one person ploughs a hole in
the land and the other sows the seed. It is commonly used in planting dry
seed bed rice, corn, and etc.

b. Broadcast method. This process involves scattering of the seeds
manually over a large area or in the entire field. Commonly used in
sowing mung bean seeds

Step 5. Prepare your Schedule of activities
Schedule of activities is from fallow period to storage.

Step 6. Ensure proper management

Proper management is also plays important role in the success of the

farm. Step 7: Make Cost and Analysis Return

Parts were Gross Income, Cots of Production that is divided into three
(Variable cost, fixed and labor) net of production and Return on Investment
(ROI). This is to identify how efficient your plan for the crop you have chosen.
Example shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Estimated Cost and Return Analysis of Rice Production
ESTIMATED COST AND RETURN ANALYSIS OF RICE

Value (Php)

I. Gross Income

5,680 kg of rice @ Php 13.00 73,840.00

II. Cost of Production

Variable Cost

Seeds (3bags@Php1,300.00/bag) 15,600.00

Fertilizer

14-14-14 (4.30bag@Php1,200/bag) 5,160.00

46-0-0 (2.6bag@Php1,200.00/bag) 3,120.00

0-0-60 (1bag@Php1,000.00/bag) 1,000.00

MAIS-TESDA Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
Production NC III 07/20/2016
QA Issued by: Page 16
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1st Revision 07/06/2020

Herbicide (1bottle@Php370/bottle) Pesticide (1 bottle@560/bottle) 560.00
Gasoline([email protected]) 370.00

1,000.00

Sub-total 26,810.00
Fixed Cost
Land 5,000.00
Waterpump rental 1,000.00
Tractor Operation 2,500.00
Sub-total 8,500.00
Labor Cost
Clean and repairing of dikes 600.00
Plowing and rotavation 600.00
Harrowing 600.00
Planting 600.00
Transplanting 3,000.00
Replanting 600.00
Harvesting 3,000.00
Drying 1,200.00
Sub-total 10,200.00
III TOTAL COST 45,510.00
IV NET INCOME 28,330.00
V ROI
62.25

Planting Calendar

∙ This will serve as a guide for choosing what crop and variety will you
produce depends on season.

∙ This plays a vital role in preparing or making your planting plan
∙ You can view this in figure 1.

MAIS-TESDA Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
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QA Issued by: Page 17
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Revised by:
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Figure 1. Planting Calendar of Different Common Crops in the Philippines
Source: www.duckbro.com

MAIS-TESDA Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
Production NC III 07/20/2016
QA Issued by: Page 18
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Revised by: 1st Revision 07/06/2020
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SELF CHECK 1.1-1

Instructions: Read the questions carefully and interpret the planting calendar
followed by cultivating land. Choose the correct answer

_____1. When is the best time for ideal month to prepare and cultivate the
ampalaya crops?

a. September
b. October

c. April

______2. When is offseason month to prepare the land of planting tomato?

a. June
b. May

c. January

_______3. The ideal month to prepare the land in planting of patola is?

a. April
b. October
c. November

_______4. The ideal month to prepare the land of lettuce is?

a. October

b. May
c. September

_______5. The offseason month to prepare the land of bush bean is?

a. June
b. July
c. October

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ANSWER KEY 1.1-1

1. A Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
2. B
3. B
4. C
5. A

MAIS-TESDA

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JOB SHEET 1.1-1

Title: DESIGN A PLANTING PLAN

Performance Objective: Given the planting calendar and needed
supplies, you should be able to design a
planting
plan within 30 minutes.

Supplies/Materials : Paper, Pen , Planting Calendar

Equipment

Steps/Procedure:
1. Identify your purpose
2. Decide what crop you’re going plant
3. Select the desired variety for the crop you have
chosen 4. Prepare your Schedule of activities
5. Make Cost and Analysis Return

Assessment Method:
Interview
Written Test

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Performance Criteria Checklist 1.1-1

Trainee’s Name ______________________________ Date __________________

Please tick (√) the column that best describes your evaluation of each
identified evidences.

Criteria YES NO

Were you able to:

1. Design a planting plan?

2. Consider the factors in designing
planting plan?

3. Select what crop you are going to plant
by considering the type, climate and
season?

4. Decide what cultivation method to be use?

5. Complete the planting plan parts?

Comment(s):

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

______________________________________
Signature of Trainer over printed name

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Information Sheet 1.1-2
Occupational Health and Safety

At the end of the module, YOU MUST ABLE TO:

1. Discuss the Importance of Farm Safety
2. Identify the Causes of Accidents
3. Discuss Safety Standards and Symbols/Signs
4. Apply Safety Precautions to Prevent Accidents

In previous information sheet, you learned the two system and method of
cultivation. In this chapter, you will learn about Occupational Health and
Safety in Field.

Importance of health and safety

∙ No one is immune from accidents
∙ Serious accidents can occur all the time
∙ There are no machines and tools that are safe
∙ Misuse of farm equipment and machinery are the usual cause of an

accident in farm
∙ Government demands safe working conditions

Causes of Accident in the Farm

∙ Attitude
∙ Not wearing PPE
∙ Communication
∙ Hurry
∙ Not implemented 5s
∙ Fatigue
∙ Improper maintenance of machinery
∙ Improper use of machinery
∙ Children near machinery
∙ Improper Use of Tools in Machinery Repair
∙ Improper Use of Tools in Machinery Repair
∙ Lack of knowledge or Misuse of Safety Devices
∙ Lack of Training
∙ Weather

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Safety standards for Agricultural Machineries and Implements

1. Operator’s manual

▪ This is always provided by the manufacturers for every equipment

purchase

▪ Provides general safety instructions for operation and servicing of

equipment

▪ Read this first before you use the equipment

2. Safety Symbols are visible

▪ Equipment should have signs of risks to alert operators.

▪ Indicate degrees of
hazards such

as
CAUTION/WARNI
NG and

DANGER.

▪ Instructional signs
such as

IMPORTANT,
ATTENTION or
NOTICE.

a. Caution or Warning Sign. It is

used only to warn against Figure 2. Caution or Warning Sign attached
potential hazards or to caution in a machinery

unsafe practices.

b. Danger sign. It is used only where an immediate hazard exists.
3. Information sticker is visible

▪ It is a simple guide of operators attached from the equipment.

4. Safety instruction signs
▪ It must be white with green upper panel and white letters to convey
the principal message.

5. Health and safety management system
▪ Set of plans, actions and procedures to systematically prevent
accident, illness, injury or fatality in the farm.
▪ Set up a safe work environment and establish safe work
practices.

6. Identify hazards

▪ Anything in the farm (machine) or practices that can potentially
cause harm to a person. These are as follows:
∙ Working with animals
∙ Handling of chemicals
∙ Use of machine/equipment
∙ Workplace bullying

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7. Assess the risks associated with those hazards
▪ Assess the degree of risk associated with the hazards whether it
can result to:

∙ Death

∙ Disability/incapacitation

∙ Minor injury/illness

∙ Negligible injuries
8. Control risk to prevent injury and ill health

▪ Conduct Safety Inspections through:

∙ Elimination of the hazard. In the purchase of equipment,
select those that don’t have hazards.

∙ Substitution of the hazard. If cannot be eliminated,
substitute with something that has less hazards. If cannot be
eliminated or substituted, provide protection or guards.

∙ Use of PPE. PPE refers to protective clothing, helmets, goggles
or other garments or equipment designed to protect the

wearer’s body from injury.
▪ Administrative controls if engineering controls cannot be

applied, consider work practice changes, standard operating
procedures, provision of warning signs.
9. Monitor results and review the above activities
▪ Regular monitoring health and safety plans
▪ Revisiting safety inspection checklist.
▪ Anticipating new hazards from changes in work practices or use of
new equipment.
▪ Regular consultation with workers.
▪ Checking if control measures are effective
▪ Ensuring that near-misses are reported, investigated and acted
upon.
10. KEEP RECORDS

▪ It is serves as baseline information for future improvement or
solution to issues.

IMPORTANT REMINDER:

▪ When using any self-propelled machine, before attempting any
adjustments, maintenance, repair, or unclogging operations, stop the

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engine and remain in the operators seat until all machine elements have
ceased movement.
▪ Keep all safety guards or shields in good condition and in place.

▪ Do not allow riders on implements.
▪ Never allow children to ride on or walk close to moving implements, trailers

or wagons.
▪ Never permit any person to walk closer than six feet besides operating

agricultural machinery.

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SELF CHECK 1.1-2

A. Identification
Instruction: Identify the following. Write your answers on a sheet of paper.

_____________1. This provided always provided by the manufacturers when
purchasing Equipment/Machineries.

_____________2. Attached to equipment in simple form.
_____________3. It is used only when immediate hazards exist.
_____________4. It serve as the baseline of future improvement.

_____________5. It is a set of plans, actions and procedures to systematically
prevent accident, illness, injury or fatality in the farm.

B. Enumeration
Instruction: Enumerate the following. Write your answers on a sheet of paper.

1. Importance of health and safety
2. Safety standards for Agricultural Machineries and Implements
3. Causes of Accidents in the farm

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ANSWER KEY 1.1-2

A.

1. Operator’s manual
2. Information Sticker
3. Danger Sign
4. Keeping Records
5. Health and Safety Management System

B.
1.

∙ No one is immune from accidents

∙ Serious accidents can occur all the time

∙ There are no machines and tools that are safe

∙ Misuse of farm equipment and machinery are the usual cause of an
accident in farm

∙ Government demands safe working conditions

2.

∙ Assess the risks of those ∙ Identify hazards
associated hazards

∙ Control Risk to prevent injury

and ill health ∙ Attitude

∙ Monitor and review the results ∙ Not wearing PPE

of the activities ∙ Communication

∙ Keep records ∙ Hurry

3. ∙ Not implemented 5s ∙
∙ Operator’s manual Fatigue

∙ Safety symbols are visible ∙ Information∙ Improper maintenance of
machinery
Sticker is visible ∙ Safety instruction
∙ Improper use of machinery
signs ∙ Safety and health ∙ Children near machinery ∙
management system

Improper Use of Tools in ∙ Lack of knowledge or Misuse of
Machinery Repair Safety Devices

∙ Improper Use of Tools in ∙ Lack of Training
Machinery Repair
∙ Weather

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INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-3
Use of Personal Protective Equipment

At the end of the module, YOU MUST ABLE TO:

1. Identify the different PPE for cultivation
2. Select PPE for cultivation

In previous lesson, we discuss about Importance of OHS, causes of
accidents, identifying symbols/signs and application of safety precautions in
prevention of accidents during farm field work especially in cultivation.

In this chapter, we are going to discuss the different personal protective
equipment and its uses. Also, it will be introduce its importance and
maintenance in farm field work.

Personal Protective Equipment
▪ It refers to any specialized equipment or clothing wear by farmers and
ranchers for the protection against health and safety hazards
▪ It is designed to protect from serious workplace injuries or illnesses
resulting from contact with chemical, radiology, physical, electrical,
mechanical and other workplace hazard.

Uses of PPE
1. Eye and Face Protection. It protects from flying particles, contact with
chemicals and liquid under pressure.

Table 2. Eyes and Face Protection

Eye Protection Uses

Use as protection from UV rays

Protection from dust or any
particles, usually for brush
cutter operation.

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2. Head Protection. It protects head from impacts from falling objects that
can cause a mild concussion or permanent brain damage.

3. Hearing Protection. It protects from excessive noise that can damage the
eardrum or can result to hear loss.

Table 3. Hearing Protection (Weigel, 2012)

Ear Protection Uses

Use for short wearing periods
or infrequent use.

For noise reduction

4. Respiratory Protection. It prevents inhalation of potentially hazardous
substances such as dust, fumes, mist, gases, smokes, sprays and

chemical vapors that can cause allergic reaction, lung disease or death.

Table 4. Respirators (Weigel, 2012) Uses
Respirators

Protection against non-toxic
solid and liquid aerosol (e.g.
oil mists)
Higher level of protection,
usually for application of
chemicals.

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5. Body Protection. It protects from temperature extremes, hot splashes,
potential impacts, hazardous materials.

Table 5. Body Protection (Weigel, 2012)

Body Protection Uses

Protect against UV rays

Worn as protection when
handling and application of
chemicals during land
preparation.

6. Hand Protection. It prevents cuts, silvers/punctures, chemical
exposures, heat/cold, electricity, biological hazards

7. Foot Protection
▪ It protects from impacts from falling or rolling objects, punctures from

stepping on sharp objects, electricity, slippery or uneven surfaces that
can cause seriously damage to feet.

Table 6. Foot Protection (Weigel, 2012)

Protection Resists against

against oils, water,
slippery chemicals and
surfaces pesticides.
and stones
or inert
materials

located in
the field.

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Workers or trainers must train who are required to wear PPE on how to do the
following:

▪ Use protective equipment properly
▪ Be aware of when PPE is necessary
▪ Know what kind of PPE is necessary
▪ Understand the limitations of PPE in protecting workers from injury
▪ Put on, adjust, wear and take off PPE, and
▪ Maintain PPE properly

Factors to consider in selecting appropriate PPE
1. Kind of work you have to accomplish. This is depends on the work or
task to be done. For example if you’re going plant it is unnecessary to
wear hearing protection because there is no excessive noise present in
the field.
2. Suitable and comfortable for you. Wearing PPE uncomfortable and
bigger size can cause accident and at ease of work. Make sure if you wear
PPE you are comfortably enough.

3. Availability in the workplace. Availability is one of the most problem in
a field. In case of unavailability, you have to select alternative PPE to
protect you from harm.

PPE Maintenance
1. Wear properly
2. Clean after using
3. Let it dry first before storing
4. Storage should also clean and dry and away from pests that can damage
the PPE

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Self-check 1.1-3

Enumeration
Instruction: List down or enumerate what are asked for each of the

following. 1. Uses of PPE

2. Factors to consider in selecting PPE

3. PPE maintenance

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Answer key 1.1-3

1. Eye or Face Protection
Head Protection
Hearing Protection
Body Protection
Respiratory Protection
Hand Protection

Fall Protection
Foot Protection

2. Kind of work you have to accomplish
Suitable and comfortable for you
Availability in the workplace

3. Wear properly
Clean after using
Let it dry first before storing
Storage should also clean and dry and away from pests that can damage
the PPE

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TASK SHEET 1.1-3

Title: IDENTIFY PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Performance Objective: Given different Personal Protective Equipment
for cultivating soil, you should be able
to identify them according to their uses following

instructions within 20 minutes

Supplies/Materials : Paper, Pen ,Personal Protective Equipment

Equipment

Steps/Procedure:
1. Proceed to the PPE storage area
2. Select PPE intended for cultivating
3. Draw and name them according to their uses
4. Return the PPE on their proper places after identifying
it. 5. Implement 5’s.

Assessment Method:
Interview
Written Test

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Performance Criteria Checklist 1.1-3

Trainee’s Name ______________________________ Date __________________

Please tick (√) the column that best describes your evaluation of each
identified evidences.

Criteria YES NO

Were you able to:

1. Select PPE use for cultivation?

2. Identify them all?

3. Name them according to their uses?

4. Implement 5’s after the selection?

Comment(s):

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

______________________________________
Signature of Trainer over printed name

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Information Sheet 1.1-4
Environmental Implications

At the end of the module, YOU MUST ABLE TO:

1. Discuss the environmental implications of cultivation
2. Describe the importance considering environment when cultivating land

Through the different technologies and practices created by experts, they
expands the agriculture to produce higher yield to address the rapid growth of
population and increasing food requirements in the World. This can affect the
environment positively and negatively. In this information sheet, we are going to
discuss the environmental Implication of cultivating land/soil in fields.

Soil •Poor farming results to
degradation loss soil fertility and structure

• Land use changes

Environmental ecosystems or artifical
systems.
loss of soil quality •Soil erosion

Implications •Overuse of machinery,
intensive cropping,
Biodiversity Mechanization
losses and short crop rotations
and iappropriate soil
modernization management results to
soil compaction
responsible for natural
ecosystems coversion
to seminatural

Figure 3. The Environmental Implication of Soil Cultivation

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Good productive and sustainable practices is the key of protecting the
natural resources against harmful effects of extensive and unsafe agricultural
practices. Sustainable farming aims to conserve of available resources as well
as employing farming practices.

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Self-Check 1.1-4

Multiple Choice
Instruction: Select that best answer.

1. Poor farming results to loss of soil quality results to:
a. Soil degradation
b. Biodiversity losses
c. Mechanization and modernization
d. Climate Change

2. Land use changes responsible for natural ecosystems conversion to semi
natural ecosystems or artificial systems results to:
a. Soil degradation
b. Biodiversity losses
c. Mechanization and modernization
d. Climate Change

3. Soil compaction is caused by:
a. Soil degradation
b. Biodiversity losses
c. Mechanization and modernization

d. Climate Change

4. These are environmental implications of soil cultivation EXCEPT:
a. Soil degradation
b. Biodiversity losses

c. Mechanization and modernization
d. Climate Change

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ANSWER KEY 1.1-4

1. a Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
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Learning Outcome Summary

LEARNING OUTCOME # 2 PREPARE THE CULTIVATING
EQUIPMENT

CONTENTS:

1. Types, uses and selection of vehicles and equipment for site
cultivation 2. Maintenance and servicing of vehicles and equipment
3. Proper disposal of waste related to maintenance and servicing work 4.
Documentation and record keeping of maintenance and servicing
activities

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

1. The vehicles and equipment required for site cultivation are selected
according to the planting plan and organization guidelines.

2. The vehicles and equipment are serviced, adjusted for the conditions
and worn parts are replaced to ensure reliability during cultivation. 3.
All containers, leftover fluids, waste and debris from the maintenance
and servicing work are disposed of safely and appropriately. 4. All
maintenance and servicing is documented according to the requirements
of the organization’s record keeping system.

CONDITIONS:

The students/trainees must be provided with the following:
∙ Workplace
∙ Vehicles, farm tools and equipment for the site cultivation

o 4- Wheel tractor/hand tractor/work animal
o Appropriate plow and harrow
o Rotavator
o Pick mattock, shovel, etc.
∙ Tools for vehicle and equipment maintenance and servicing o
Pliers, wrench, screw driver, Philip screw, vise grip, jack, etc. ∙
Supplies and materials
o Rag
o Fuel, oil, grease, lubricant

ASSESSMENT METHODS:

∙ Written Exam
∙ Actual Demonstration
∙ Observation

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Learning Experiences
Learning Outcome No.2: PREPARE THE CULTIVATING EQUIPMENT

Learning Activities Special Instructions

Read information sheet no. 1.2-1 Read and understand the
on Tools for Cultivation information sheet and check
yourself by answering the Self-
Answer Self-check for 1.2-1 Check.
Read Information sheet no. 1.2-2 Compare your answers to the
on Vehicles and Implements for answer key 1.2-1
Cultivation Read and understand the
Answer Self-check 1.2-2 information sheet and check
Read Information sheet no. 1.2-3 yourself by answering the Self-
on Maintenance and Servicing of Check.
tools, vehicles and equipment Compare your answers to the
Answer Self-check 1.2-3 answer key 1.2-2
Read and understand the
information sheet and check
yourself by answering the Self-
Check.
Compare your answers to the
answer key 1.2-3

Perform Job Sheet 1.2-3 on Job sheets will help you practice
Maintenance of Tractor your skills.
Evaluate your own work using the
Read Information sheet no. 1.2-4 Performance Criteria Checklist 1.2-
on Proper Disposal of Wastes 3
Related to Maintenance and Read and understand the
Servicing Work information sheet and check
Answer Self-check 1.2-4 yourself by answering the Self-
Check.
Compare your answers to the
answer key 1.2-4

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Information Sheet 1.2-1
Tools for Cultivation

At the end of the module, YOU MUST ABLE TO:

1. Lists the different tools for cultivation
2. Identify the uses of the different tools
3. Select tools for cultivation according to their uses

Proper selection of tools is important in cultivation. Identifying their purpose
will make the process flow smoothly. Their availability makes the work much
faster and easier. Acquiring knowledge about tools will result to successful crop
production operations.

Hand Tools
These are tools made of light materials and manually used by hands.

Crowbar is

used for

digging big
holes and for
digging out big

stones and

stumps.

Figure 4. Crowbar
Source:

gltnhs-tle.weebly.com

Bolo is used

for cutting tall
grasses,

weeds and

chopping
branches of

tree.

Figure 5. Bolo
Source:

gltnhs-tle.weebly.com

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Figure 6. Pick- gltnhs-tle.weebly.com
mattock Source:
gltnhs-tle.weebly.com Pick-mattock
is used for

digging canals
breaking hard
topsoil and for

digging up
stones and
tree
stumps.

Grab-hoe is
used for

breaking hard
topsoil and
pulverizing
soil.

Figure 7. Grab-
hoe Source:

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Spade is used
for removing
trash or soil
digging canals
or ditches and
mixing soil

media.

Figure 8.
Spade Source:
gltnhs-tle.weebly.com

Shovel is used
in removing
trash, digging
loose soil,
moving soil

from one place
to another and

soil media.

Figure 9.
Shovel Source:
gltnhs-tle.weebly.com

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Figure 10. Rake
Source:

gltnhs-tle.weebly.com

Figure 11. Spading
Fork Source:

gltnhs-tle.weebly.com

Rake is used

for cleaning Spading Fork
ground and is used for

leveling loosening the
topsoil. soil, digging
out crops and
turning over
the materials
in a compost

heap.

MAIS-TESDA Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
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Light hoe is
used for

loosening and
leveling soil
and digging

out furrows for
planting

Figure 12. Light hoe

Source:
alibaba.com

Figure 13. Hand Hand Trowel
Trowel Source: is used for

gltnhs-tle.weebly.com loosening the
soil around
the growing
plants and
putting small
amount of

manure
fertilizer in the

soil.

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Figure 14. Fork Source:
Cultivator Source: gltnhs-tle.weebly.com
gltnhs-tle.weebly.com
Hand
cultivator is

used for
cultivating the
garden plot by
loosening the

soil and
removing
weeds around
the plant.

Hand Fork is
used for inter

row
cultivation.

Figure 15. Hand

MAIS-TESDA Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
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Figure

17.

Water

Pails

Source:
dictionary.cam
bridge.org

Axe is
for

cutting
bigger
size post.

Figure 16. Axe Water
Source: pails are used

gltnhs-tle.weebly.com for hauling
water,

manure and
fertilizers.

MAIS-TESDA Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
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Figure 19. Sickle
Source:
gltnhs-tle.weebly.com

Wheel
barrow is
used for
hauling trash,
manures,
fertilizers,

planting
materials and

other
equipments.

Sickle is a
tool with a
variously
curved blade
use for cutting
and trimming

grasses.

Figure 18. Wheel
Barrow Source:

gltnhs-tle.weebly.com

MAIS-TESDA Agricultural Crop Date Developed: Document No. ACP-UC1-01
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Self-Check 1.2-1

Identification
Instruction: Identify the following correctly.

1. This is used for inter-row cultivation.
2. This is used for cultivating the garden plot by loosening the soil and

removing weeds around the plant.
3. This is used for digging canals breaking hard topsoil and for digging up

stones and tree stumps.
4. This is used for loosening the soil, digging out crops and turning over the

materials in a compost heap.

5. These are used for hauling water, manure and fertilizers.
6. This is a tool with a variously curved blade use for cutting and trimming

grasses.
7. This is used for digging big holes and for digging out big stones and

stumps.

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Answer Key 1.2-1

1. Hand Fork
2. Hand Cultivator
3. Pick-mattock
4. Spading Fork
5. Water Pails
6. Sickle
7. Crowbar

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Information Sheet 1.2-2
Vehicles and Implements for Cultivation

At the end of the module, YOU MUST ABLE TO:
1. Lists the farm vehicles and implements for cultivation
2. Identify the uses of the different of the implements
Land preparation involves clearing, turning and pulverizing of soil, making

furrows and etc. These operations requires equipment and machinery such as
tractor, carabao and implements. It is performed to achieve the desire seedbed
or soil to provide optimum environment for seed germination and plant growth.
This is also done properly to avoid pests and diseases. Having knowledge and
skill in identifying the different vehicles and implements use in cultivation
contributes for the success of production.

Farm Vehicles/Machineries
These are used for land preparation operation. They can also use for

transporting inputs and products. There is a need for skill operator to use
them.

Hand Tractor is use

to pull a plow and

harrow in preparing
a large area of land.

Figure 20. Hand Tractor

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Figure 21. Four-Wheel Tractor Figure 22. Carabao

Four Wheel tractor is use to pull disc plow, disc harrow and other
implements in
preparing much bigger area of land.

Carabaos are use to pull levelers,
harrowers, etc.

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Farm Implements

These are accessories which are being pulled by working animals or
mounted by machines or vehicles (hand tractor, Four-wheel Tractor) that are

used in preparation of land. These are usually made of
special kind of metal

Plows or ploughs
are use either

pulled by working
animal or tractor. It

is used for tiling
large area, making
furrows and inter

row cultivation.
Plows that pulled by

animals till area
shallower than the
disc plow mounted

by tractors.

Figure 23. Ploughs or Plows
Source: gltnhs-tle.weebly.com

Cultivator is use

for secondary
tillage.

Figure 24. Cultivator

Source: www.wikipedia.org

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Scarifier used to
dig up old roots,
weeds and to break
up the soil to make
it easier for air and
water to seep in

deeper.

Figure 25. Scarifier
Source: Reportoutdoors.com

Fertilizer spreader
is commonly used
for spreading seed,

lime, fertilizers,
sand ice melt, etc.

(Wikipedia)

Figure 26. Fertilizer
spreader Source: 123rf.com

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