Common UC 1 - Applying appropriate sealant/adhesive

PROVINCIAL TRAINING CENTER – KALINGA

Sector: Automotive/Land Transport

Qualification: Driving NC II

Unit of Competency: Apply Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive

Module Title: Applying Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 Page |1

HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING
MATERIAL

Welcome to the module in “Applying Appropriate Sealant/
Adhesive”. This module contains training materials and activities for you
to complete.

The unit of competency "Apply Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive”
covers the knowledge, skills, and attitudes on the selection and
application of sealant/adhesives. It is one of the specialized modules
required to complete the qualification Driving NC II.

You are required to go through a series of learning activities in
order to complete each learning outcome of the module. Each of the
learning outcomes is provided with Information Sheets (Reference
Materials for further reading to help you better understand the required
activities). Follow these activities on your own and answer the self-check
at the end of each learning outcome. You may remove a blank answer
sheet at the end of each module (or get one from your facilitator/trainer)
to write your answers for each self-check. If you have questions, don’t
hesitate to ask your facilitator for assistance.

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

You may already have some or most of the knowledge and skills
covered in this learner's guide because you have:

 been working for some time

 already completed training in this area.

If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are competent in a
particular skill or skills, talk to him/her about having them formally
recognized so you do not have to do the same training again. If you have
a qualification or Certificate of Competency from previous trainings, show
it to your trainer. If the skills you acquired are still current and relevant
to the unit/s of competency they may become part of the evidence you
can present for RPL. If you are not sure about the currency of your skills,
discuss this with your trainer.

A Record of Achievement is also provided for your trainer to
complete once you complete the module.

This module was prepared to help you achieve the required
competency in Applying Appropriate Sealant/ Adhesive. This will be
the source of information for you to acquire knowledge and skills in this
particular trade independently and at your own pace, with minimum
supervision or help from your instructor.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 Page |2

Talk to your trainer and agree on how you will both organize the
training of this unit. Read through the module carefully. It is divided into
sections, which cover all the skills, and knowledge you need to
successfully complete this module.

Work through all the information and complete the activities in
each section. Read information sheets and complete the self-check.
Suggested references are included to supplement the materials provided
in this module.

Most probably your trainer will also be your supervisor or manager.
He/she is there to support you and show you the correct way to do
things.

Your trainer will tell you about the important things you need to
consider when you are completing activities and it is important that you
listen and take notes.

You will be given plenty of opportunities to ask questions and
practice on the job. Make sure you practice your new skills during
regular work shifts. This way you will improve both your speed and
memory and also your confidence.

Talk to more experienced workmates and ask for their guidance.

Use the self-check at the end of each information sheet and
performance criteria checklist every after task/operation sheet to test
your own progress.

When you are ready, ask your trainer to observe you as you
perform the activities required in this module.

As you work through the activities, ask for written feedback on
your progress. Your trainer keeps feedback/ pre-assessment reports for
this reason. When you have successfully completed each element, ask
your trainer to mark on the reports that you are ready for assessment.

When you have completed this module (or several modules), and
feel confident that you have had sufficient practice, ask your trainer for
the arrangement of the schedule for an institutional assessment. Once
you have confidently demonstrated the competency you gain to your
assessor he/she will give you a Certificate of Competency on Apply
Appropriate Sealant/ Adhesive. The results of your assessment will be
recorded in your competency Achievement Record, Progress Chart and
Trainee’s Record Book.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 Page |3

LIST OF COMPETENCIES

No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code

Basic Competency

Participate in Participating in workplace

1 workplace communication 500311105

communication

2 Work in a team Working in a team 500311106
environment environment 500311107
500311108
3 Practice career Practicing career
professionalism professionalism

Practice occupational Practicing occupational
health and safety
4 health and safety procedures

procedures

Common Competency

1 Apply Appropriate Applying Appropriate ALT723201
Sealant/Adhesive Sealant/Adhesive ALT723202
ALT311202
2 Move and position Moving and positioning
vehicle vehicle ALT723203

3 Perform mensuration Performing mensuration ALT723204
and calculation and calculation ALT723205

Read, interpret and Reading, interpreting, and
4 apply specifications applying specifications and
manuals
and manuals
Using and applying
5 Use and apply lubricants/coolants
lubricants/coolants
Performing shop
6 Perform shop maintenance
maintenance

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 Page |4

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENT TITLE PAGE NO.
How to use this competency-based learning material 2
List of competencies 4
Table of contents 5
Competency Based Curriculum 7
Module content 13
Learning Outcome Summary LO 1 14
Learning experiences 15
Information sheet 1.1-1 16
Self Check 1.1-1 19
Answer Key 1.1-1 20
Information sheet 1.1-2 21
Self Check 1.1-2 28
Answer Key 1.1-2 29
Learning Outcome Summary LO 2 30
Learning experiences 31
Information sheet 1.2-1 33
Self Check 1.2-1 40
Answer Key 1.2-1 41
Information sheet 1.2-2 42
Self Check 1.2-2 45
Answer Key 1.2-2 46
Learning Outcome Summary LO 3 47
Learning experiences
Information sheet 1.3-1 49
Self Check 1.3-1 50
Answer Key 1.3-1 55
Task Sheet 1.3-1 56
Performance Criteria 1.3-1 57
58

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 Page |5

Information sheet 1.3-2 59
Self Check 1.3-2 65
Answer Key 1.3-2 66
Information sheet 1.3-3 67
Self Check 1.3-3 71
Answer Key 1.3-3 72
Learning Outcome Summary LO 4 73
Learning experiences 75
Information sheet 1.4-1 76
Self Check 1.4-1
Answer Key 1.4-1 79
Information sheet 1.4-2 80
Self Check 1.4-2 82
Answer Key 1.4-2 85
Information sheet 1.4-3 86
Self Check 1.4-3 87
Answer Key 1.4-3 92
93

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 Page |6

COMPETENCY BASED CURRICULUM

UNIT OF COMPETENCY : APPLY APPROPRIATE
SEALANT/ADHESIVE

MODULE TITLE : APPLYING APPROPRIATE
SEALANT/ADHESIVE

MODULE DESCRIPTION : This module covers the selection and
application of sealant/adhesives particularly
to identify appropriate sealant and adhesives,

prepare surface for sealant and adhesive,
apply sealant/adhesives evenly, and store

unused/dispose used sealant/adhesive
properly.

NOMINAL DURATION : 4 hours

CERTIFICATE LEVEL : NC II

PREREQUISITE : none

SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES:

Upon completion of this module, the trainee/student must be able
to:

LO 1. Identify appropriate sealant/adhesive
LO 2. Prepare surface for sealant/adhesive
LO 3. Apply sealant/adhesive evenly
LO 4. Store/dispose-of sealant/adhesive.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 Page |7

LO 1. IDENTIFY APPROPRIATE SEALANT/ADHESIVE

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Appropriate sealant and adhesives are identified.
2. Sealant/adhesive selected in line with job requirements and
manufacturer’s specification.
3. Sealant/adhesive checking is performed to ensure that product
is fit for use.
4. Work safety procedures are applied.

CONTENTS:
1. Use of sealant and adhesive
2. Types and classification of sealant and adhesives

CONDITION:
Students/trainees must be provided with the following:
1. Equipment/tools/instruments
 Vehicle
 Car lift/bay
 Putty knife
 Gloves
 Apron
 Mask
 Scraper
2. Supplies/materials
 Gasket
 Ribbon sealer
 Different types of sealant/adhesives
 Silicon
3. Instructional materials
 Reference books
 Learning materials
 Modules

METHODOLOGIES:
1. Lecture/demonstration
2. Self paced learning
3. Distance learning

ASSESSMENT METHODS:
1. Written/oral examinations
2. Direct observation
3. Project method
4. Interview

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 Page |8

LO 2. PREPARE SURFACE FOR SEALANT/ADHESIVE

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Types of sealant and adhesives are identified according to

surface.
2. Surface materials are identified as per construction
3. Surface is cleaned and free of moisture, dust and other foreign

matters to ensure maximum adhesion or seal.
4. Safety is observed while performing job.

CONTENTS:
1. Types of surface material and appropriate sealant/adhesive to

be used.
2. Techniques and procedures in preparing surfaces for

sealant/adhesive.

CONDITION:
Students/trainees must be provided with the following:
1. Equipment/tools/instruments
 Vehicle

 Putty knife

 Gloves
 Apron

 Mask
 Scraper

 Sander
2. Supplies/materials

 Paper

 Pencil
 Solvent

 Sand paper
3. Instructional materials

 Reference books

 Learning materials
 Modules

 CDs, VHS tapes, transparencies

METHODOLOGIES:
1. Lecture/demonstration

2. Self paced learning
3. Distance learning

ASSESSMENT METHODS:
1. Written/oral examination

2. Direct observation
3. Project method
4. Interview

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 Page |9

LO 3. APPLY SEALANT/ADHESIVE EVENLY

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Sealant/adhesive is applied evenly on the surface in line with
manufacturer’s specification
2. Excess sealant/adhesive is removed by sanding or by
scrapping
3. Tools and equipment used to apply sealant/adhesive are
appropriate to job requirements
4. Safety are observed and PPE are worn in accordance with
industry SOP
5. Hazards associated with the use of sealant and adhesives are
identified.

CONTENTS:
1. Use of sealant and adhesive
2. Types and classification of sealant and adhesives
3. Tools and materials to be used in applying sealant/adhesive
4. Techniques in applying sealant/adhesive
5. Safety requirements in applying sealant/adhesive

CONDITION:
Students/trainees must be provided with the following:
1. Equipment/tools/instru
ments
 Vehicle
 Putty knife
 Gloves
 Apron
 Mask
 Scraper
 Sander
2. Supplies/materials
 Paper
 Pencil
 Solvent
 Sand paper
3. Instructional materials
 Reference books
 Learning materials
 Modules
 CDs, VHS tapes,
transparencies

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 P a g e | 10

METHODOLOGIES:
1. Lecture/demonstration
2. Self paced learning
3. Distance learning

ASSESSMENT METHODS:
1. Written/oral examination
2. Direct observation
3. Project method
4. Interview

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 P a g e | 11

LO 4. STORE/DISPOSE OF SEALANT/ADHESIVE

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Sealant/adhesive are stored as per prescribed procedure
2. Wastes are disposed as per workshop SOP.
3. Safe handling of sealant/adhesive is observed.

CONTENTS:
1. Sealant/adhesive storing procedures.
2. Waste disposal standard procedures
3. Hazards associated with improper waste disposal

CONDITION:
Students/trainees must be provided with the following:
1. Equipment/tools/instruments
 Vehicle
 Car lift/bay
 Putty knife
 Gloves
 Apron
 Mask
 Scraper
 Sander
2. Supplies/materials
 Paper
 Pencil
 Solvent
 Sand paper
3. Instructional materials
 Reference books
 Learning materials
 Modules
 CDs, VHS tapes, transparencies.

METHODOLOGIES:
1. Lecture/demonstration
2. Self paced learning
3. Distance learning

ASSESSMENT METHODS:
1. Written/oral examination
2. Direct observation
3. Project method
4. Interview

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 P a g e | 12

MODULE CONTENT

UNIT OF COMPETENCY : APPLY APPROPRIATE SEALANT/ADHESIVE

MODULE TITLE : APPLYING APPROPRIATE
SEALANT/ADHESIVE

MODULE DESCRIPTION : This module covers the selection and

application of sealant/adhesives particularly to
identify appropriate sealant and adhesives,
prepare surface for sealant and adhesive, apply

sealant/adhesives evenly, and store
unused/dispose used sealant/adhesive properly.

NOMINAL DURATION : 4 hours

CERTIFICATE LEVEL : NC II

PREREQUISITE : none

SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of this module, the trainee/student must be able to:

LO 1. Identify appropriate sealant/adhesive
LO 2. Prepare surface for sealant/adhesive
LO 3. Apply sealant/adhesive evenly
LO 4. Store/dispose-of sealant/adhesive.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 P a g e | 13

LEARNING OUTCOME NO1.1
IDENTIFY APPROPRIATE SEALANT/ADHESIVE

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

1. Appropriate sealant and adhesives are identified.
2. Sealant/adhesive selected in line with job requirements and

manufacturer’s specification.

3. Sealant/adhesive checking is performed to ensure that product is fit
for use.

4. Work safety procedures are applied.

CONTENTS:

1. Use of sealant and adhesive
2. Types and classification of sealant and adhesives

CONDITION:
Students/trainees must be provided with the following:

1. Equipment/tools/instruments
2. Vehicle
3. Car lift/bay

4. Putty knife
5. Gloves

6. Apron
7. Mask
8. Scraper

9. Supplies/materials
10. Gasket
11. Ribbon sealer

12. Different types of sealant/adhesives
13. Silicon

14. Instructional materials
15. Reference books
16. Learning materials

17. Modules

METHODOLOGIES:
1. Lecture/demonstration
2. Self-paced learning

3. Distance learning

ASSESSMENT METHODS:

1. Written/oral examinations
2. Direct observation

3. Project method
4. Interview

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 P a g e | 14

Learning Experience

LEARNING OUTCOME 1.1
Identify appropriate sealant/adhesive

Learning Activities Special Instructions
Read information sheet L01.1-1
 Uses of sealant and
adhesive Read information sheet L01.1-2

 Types and classification
of sealant and adhesives

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 P a g e | 15

Information Sheet LO 1.1-1
USES OF SEALANT AND ADHESIVE

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, you must be able to:
1. identify the uses of sealant and adhesive

Adhesives and Sealants

Although sealants

and adhesives share many
characteristics, they are not

chemically or structurally identical
and cannot always be used
interchangeably.

a. Sealant is typically a

viscous material that

becomes solid upon

application, where it https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DJWRDL-
creates a barrier. The 630OE&psig=AOvVaw00DWEh7GiYdzClgLF3yHxv&ust=1595562124824000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0C
AIQjRxqFwoTCKCChfe54uoCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAF

sealant barrier inhibits the penetration of many different elements,

such as liquid, air, fire, or noise, depending on the exact nature of

the sealant. A sealant is generally used to close gaps that other

materials cannot successfully close.

b. Adhesive is a mixture that bonds items together, and can exist in
many states, such as liquid or powder. It often requires the

application of a set temperature to cure it, and is frequently used
to bond thin materials. Some very strong sealants qualify as

adhesives, but weaker sealants primarily fill space, as is the case
with sealant putty

Sealant and Adhesive Functions

a. Sealant Functions

 intended to fill a space between two objects, not necessarily
bond them strongly together

 responsible for creating a barrier, by means of their chemical
composition and physical structure, as well as by properly
adhering to the objects surrounding a space

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
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 maintain these functional properties under the specified
conditions, if they are properly used and maintained

substrate
substrate

sealant

substrate
substrate

b. Adhesive Functions adhesive
 bonds two objects together
substrate

substrate

Additives

Adhesives and sealants also differ in the way additives affect their
chemical and physical composition. Additives are classified based on the
function they perform rather than their composition, and although sealants

and adhesives may share other chemical similarities sometimes they require
separate additives.

Common Adhesive Additives

In many adhesives, catalysts are added to enable

polymerization and cross-linking. In epoxy adhesives, catalysts

include amines and anhydrides. Reactive acrylic adhesive systems

also commonly include catalysts, such as peroxides, and UV

adhesives often contain photo-initiators.

a. Colorants (additives that add color) are also frequently

added to adhesives, and include dyes and pigments, such as

titanium oxide coated particles of mica.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
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b. Plasticizers, which typically increase the flexibility and
workability of an adhesive, are another common type of
adhesive additive. In latex adhesives, for example, benzoate
plasticizers are added because they work well in conjunction
with base ingredients (for a latex adhesive, namely polyvinyl
acetate or ethylene-vinyl acetate), to increase the mixture’s
flexibility. Some adhesives, such as most types of hot melts,
do not require plasticizers.

c. Fillers, additives that enhance material properties, are
commonly used in both sealants and adhesives and include:
mica, alumina, talc, silica, and calcium carbonate.

Common Sealant Additives

Sealants commonly require stabilizers, and as with
adhesives the stabilizer will depend on the primary components
already present in the mixture. A stabilizer’s primary role is to
increase the shelf-life of the sealant, although it also helps
improve properties. Plasticizers are also frequently used; in latex
sealants, where the primary base ingredient is vinyl acrylic,
phthalates are a common plasticizer additive. Polyurethane
sealants require plasticizers to soften the mixture, in which case
benzoates are typically added.

REFERENCES:

https://www.quora.com/What-are-adhesives-and-sealants

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
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LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 P a g e | 18

Self-Check
LO1.1-1

Directions: Fill in the blanks.

1. ________________________ are frequently added to adhesives, and
include dyes and pigments, such as titanium oxide coated particles of
mica.

2. __________________________ is typically a viscous material that
becomes solid upon application, where it creates a barrier.

3. __________________________ increases the flexibility and workability of
an adhesive, are another common type of adhesive additive.

4. __________________________ requires the application of a set
temperature to cure it, and is frequently used to bond thin materials.

5. _________________________ are additives that enhance material
properties.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
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Answer Key
LO1.1-1

1. Colorants
2. Sealant
3. Plasticizer
4. Adhesives
5. Fillers

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
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Information Sheet LO 1.1-2
TYPES AND CLASSIFICATION OF SEALANT AND ADHESIVES

LEARNING OBJECTIVE:

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET you must be able to:
1. identify the types and classification of sealant and adhesives

ADHESIVES

Quick-drying contact

adhesive is designed for bonding

cork, rubber, fiber, and metal

gaskets in the place prior to

assembly. Gaskets adhesives form

a tough bond when used on clean,

dry surfaces. Adhesives do not aid

the sailing ability of the gasket.

They are meant only to hold

gaskets in place during component

assembly. Use small dabs; they will https://encrypted-
dry quicker for fast installation. Do tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcQxa5i_aBWdGE4NZcR6lW4pZe75Rt3nP9ILHA&us
qp=CAU

not assemble components until the adhesive completely dry. Most adhesives

are ideal for use on gasket application such as valve covers pushrod covers,

manifold and manifold end seals and oil pan end seals.

Types of Adhesives

There are various types that are made from materials available in
nature or artificially made from chemicals.

Proteins
(i) Soybean Flour: Soybean flour when mixed with a strong alkali like

sodium hydroxide or trisodium phosphate acts as a good
binding material for softwood plywood.

(ii) Animal Blood Glues: The proteins available in the animal blood
such as serum albumin, globulin and red cell hemoglobin are
used to make glue. Mostly blood of cows, hogs, sheep, horses,

etc., are used for making binding materials in fixing plywood.

(iii) Casein Glues: This is made from dried curd casein, lime and

certain chemicals. This is used as a binding material for
furniture woods, paints and sizing agents in wooden canvas.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
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Carbohydrate Polymer

(i) Cellulose: Cellulose from wood pulp and cotton linters which is
converted into cellulose esters and ethers by the process of

esterification and etherification, is dissolved in organic solvents
to form glue, which is used as plastic binders.

(ii) Starch: Starch from plants are used as binding material in the
manufacture of paper bags.

(iii) Natural Gum: Natural gums are used as pressure-sensitive tapes,
denture glues, medicinal tablet binders, etc.

Natural Rubber
(i) Latex: These are made from the latex of natural rubber. These
are used in envelopes, leather, tire cords, carpet and
textile industries, etc.

(ii) Solution Adhesive: These are prepared using solid natural
rubber, zinc oxide, antioxidant, sulfur and solvents such
as toluene, naphtha, etc. They are mostly used as

sealants in industries.

(iii) Elastomers: Elastomers are materials that are made from

natural rubber, which are highly flexible, cross-linkable,
high molecular weight polymers. They are used in belt

and shoe manufacture. Butyl rubber is an elastomer used
for auto glass repair, rubber roof installation and various
other applications in the marine industry.

(iv) Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives: These are used in surface

protection films, covering the tapes, papers, promotional
graphic materials, and skin contact materials such as
anesthetic patches, wound dressings, etc.

Phenolic Compounds
(i) Lignin: Lignin is a complex polymer that is produced from

paper mills. Binding materials made from lignin are
basically used as binders in roads (non-tarred) and wood.

Premethylolated lignin is becoming very popular in North
America.

(ii) Tannin: Hydrolyzable tannin and condensed tannins are two
different types of tannins, which are used for making
plywood panels.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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Formaldehydes
(i) Urea-Formaldehyde: These are hard, inflammable amino resin

adhesives. The bonds of UF can be affected by water and
moisture, so it has interior applications only.

(ii) Melamine-Formaldehyde: Melamine-Formaldehyde resins are
used in exterior plywood designs and impregnation of
papers.

Hot-Melt
(i) Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Hot-Melts: Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA)

hot-melt is made up of EVA polymer, resins such as
hydrocarbon, terpene, rosin esters, etc., fillers such as
barium sulfate, calcium carbonate and antioxidants. They

are used in edge veneering and edge banding of wooden
furniture.

(ii) Polyamide Hot-Melts: They are higher in cost as compared to
EVA hot-melts and have good heat-resistive property.

Polyamide hot-melts are used in veneer splicing process of
linking the veneer edges of a decorative wooden surface.

Other Types
(i) Resorcinol: Resorcinol is a phenol which is produced from

resins. It is used as a binding material in the manufacture
of structural fingerjoints and timbers. Its strength is not
affected even during harsh climatic conditions.

(ii) Furan: It is used in wood, cement and glass productions. It
is also used in grinding wheel manufacture.

(iii) Unsaturated Polyester Resins: Unsaturated polyester resins

are used as binding materials in casting plastic materials,
glass fiber lamination, etc.

(iv) Polyurethane: These are used in glass, plastics, ceramics,

wood bindings and also in binding leather and textile
fabrics.

(v) Anaerobic: These are made from a combination of acrylic
esters, which is made by polymerization of acrylonitrile. It
is used for sealing metal castings, pipes and flange joints.

(vi) Ultraviolet Curing: Their bonding strength is very strong and

it can withstand extreme temperatures. They are used in

electronics and telecommunication, medicine, optical

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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glasses, etc.

(vii) Heat Curing: Epoxies, urethane and polyimides are
thermosetting materials and are used as heat curing
adhesives in plastics and for various coatings.

All these binding materials are applied on the surfaces using brushes,
rollers, guns, etc. The best property of these materials should be high tensile
strength, high thermal resistance, high cohesive strength, high damping
capacity, resistivity to environmental and chemical fluctuations

Classification of adhesives

a. Natural adhesives are those adhesives that are produced or
extracted from natural resources such as plants or animals, starch,
casein glues or natural rubber are examples of natural adhesives.

b. Synthetic adhesives are those that are not found in nature and are
designed and manufactured by man, we can say that synthetic
adhesives are adhesives laboratory.

Synthetic adhesives are the most widely used adhesives in
the various sectors that use these materials, because the mechanical,
physical and chemical properties of these adhesives are far superior
to natural adhesives.

Sealants

General-purpose sealers

(sometimes called chemical

positioning agents) come in

liquid form and are available in

a brush type (known as brush

tack). General purpose sealers

from a tacky, flexible seal when

applied in a thin, even coat that

aids in gasket sealing by

helping to position the gasket

during assembly. They

chemicals in a general-purpose

sealant will not upset the https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.openpr.com%2Fnews%2F1985904%2Fsealant-
designed performance of most market-application-types-region-by-wacker-chemie-
ag&psig=AOvVaw1LxNZs_upIFNhhnzowc9Qr&ust=1595562766117000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRx
qFwoTCLDz-6e84uoCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAE

mechanical gaskets. The

possible exception to this is that sealant manufacturers do not recommend

their use on rubber parts. These are non-hardening and can use rubber

gaskets to slip.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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Types of Sealant Materials

a. According to components
There are two types of resin-based sealants available today,

filled and unfilled.

1. Filled sealants are a combination of resins, chemicals, and fillers.
The purpose of the filler is to increase bonding strength and
resistance to abrasion and wear. Due to the hardness and wear
resistance of filled sealants, they must be checked after
placement with articulating paper and adjusted with a dental
hand piece and appropriate bur.

2. Unfilled sealants have a higher ratio of resin to filler material, and
do not need to be adjusted with a dental hand piece; they are in
essence self-occluding. Due to low viscosity (rate of flow) of
unfilled sealants, they readily flow into the pits and fissures.

Because fluoride uptake increases the enamel’s resistance to
caries, the use of a fluoridated resin-based sealant may provide an
additional ant cariogenic effect. Fluoride-releasing sealants have
shown antibacterial properties, as well as a greater artificial caries
resistance compared to a non-fluoridated sealant material. The
fluoride will leach out over a period of time into the adjacent enamel.
Eventually the fluoride content of the sealant should be exhausted,
but the content of the enamel greatly increased.

b. According to use
1. Flexible Sealants

Flexible sealants are most often used on threads of bolt that go
into fluid passages.

They are non-hardening sealers that fill voids. Preventing the
fluid from running-up of treads. They resist the chemical attack of
lubricant, synthetic oils, detergents, antifreeze, gasoline, and diesel.

2. Silicone Formed-in-place Sealants

Sealants gasket can be used to replace conventional paper, cork
and cork/rubber gaskets. It is generally for use on oil pans, valve
covers thermostat housing, timing covers, water pumps, and other
such installations. Room temperature vulcanizing (RTV) silicone
sealing products are the best known of the formed-in-place (FIP)
gasket products.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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3. Anaerobic Formed-in-place Sealants

These formed-in-place materials are used for thread locking as
well as gasket. As a retaining compound, they are mostly used to hold
sleeves, bearings, and locking screw nuts in place where there is a
high exposure vibration.

4. Hylomar

Hylomar, which stands for high temperature (hy), low (lo),
Martson (mar) product, is neither an RTV nor an anaerobic. It is a
combination of polyurethane paste and silica (not silicone) flakes
mixed with methylene cholorided solvent. When Hylomar is clamped
in a joint, the silica flakes interlocked and encaptulate the plastic
paste, effectively shielding it from heat, liquids, and contaminants that
might otherwise dissolve it. Because Hylomar never hardens or cures,
the center remains soft and pliabe-like an armor-plated sponge.

As a sealing supplement, Hylomar sticks to vitually any surface,
resists all fluids (including gasoline), and has a claimed temperature
range of 50º to more than 600ºF. In addition, if a Hylomar-coated
gasket is set down wrong, it can be peeled off and reseated without
damage.

5. Ant seize Compounds

Ant size compounds prevent dissimilar metals from reacting
with one another and seizing (Figure 13-28). This chemical-type
material is used on many fasteners, especially those used with
aluminum parts. Always follow the manufacturer’s recommendations
when using this compound.

Sealant Application Classification
1. Waterproofing
o Expansion joints in Building Facades
o Lap Joints – Flashing/Coping
o Door/Window/Curtain wall perimeters
o Traffic Joints – Vehicular/Pedestrian
o Glazing – Structural/Back bedding
2. Acoustical
o Interior wall joints
o Base and top plate

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o Thresholds
o Exterior wall joints and window perimeters
3. Fire stopping
o Wall to Wall Joints
o Floor to Floor Joints
o Floor to Wall Joints
o Head of Wall Joints
o Wall Penetrations
4. Glazing Structural – 2-sided / 4-sided
o Back Bedding Adhesive
o Wet Glazing exterior
o IGU sealso Security / Bomb Blast
o High Impact
5. Security
o Pick Proof
o Pick Resistant
o Eliminate Contraband
o Reduce maintenance
o Institutional Use – Prisons/Schools/Hospitals/Animal

Enclosures
6. Pre-Formed Joint Sealants

o Silicone extrusions
o Adhered to substrate with silicone adhesive caulk
o Restoration value
o Available in custom colors and textures

REFERENCE:

Adhesives.org. 15 July 2020. Types of Adhesives. Retrieved from
https://www.adhesives.org/adhesives-sealants/science-of-adhesion/design-
of-adhesives-bonds/types-of-adhesives

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Self-Check LO1.1-2

Write TRUE if the statement is correct or FALSE if the statement is
incorrect.

________ 1. Natural adhesives are produced or extracted from natural
resources.

________ 2. Synthetic adhesives come from plants or animals, starch,
casein glues or natural rubber.

________ 3. Fillers increase bonding strength and resistance to
abrasion and wear.

_________ 4. Sealants are one type of adhesives.

_________ 5. Synthetic adhesives are designed and manufactured by
man.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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ANSWER KEY LO1.1-2

1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. TRUE
4. FALSE
5. TRUE

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Learning Outcome No. 1.2
PREPARE SURFACE FOR SEALANT/ADHESIVE APPLICATION

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

1. Types of sealant and adhesives are identified according to
surface.

2. Surface materials are identified as per construction
3. Surface is cleaned and free of moisture, dust and other foreign

matters to ensure maximum adhesion or seal.
4. Safety is observed while performing job.

CONTENTS:

1. Types of surface material and appropriate sealant/adhesive to
be used.

2. Techniques and procedures in preparing surfaces for
sealant/adhesive.

CONDITION:

Students/trainees must be provided with the following:
1. Equipment/tools/instruments
 Vehicle
 Putty knife
 Gloves
 Apron
 Mask
 Scraper
 Sander
2. Supplies/materials
 Paper
 Pencil
 Solvent
 Sand paper
3. Instructional materials
 Reference books
 Learning materials
 Modules
 CDs, VHS tapes, transparencies

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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METHODOLOGIES:

1. Lecture/demonstration
2. Self paced learning
3. Distance learning

ASSESSMENT METHODS:

4. Written/oral examination
5. Direct observation
6. Project method
7. Interview

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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Learning Experience

LEARNING OUTCOME 1.2
PREPARE SURFACE FOR SEALANT/ADHESIVEAPPLICATION

Learning Activities Special Instructions
Read information sheet L01.2-1
 Types of surface material
and appropriate Read information sheet L01.2-2
sealant/adhesive to be
used.

 Techniques and
procedures in preparing
surfaces for
sealant/adhesive.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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Information Sheet LO 1.2-1
Types of Surface Material and Appropriate

Sealant/Adhesive to Be Used

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET you must be able to:
1. identify the types of surface material and appropriate
sealant/adhesive to be used

Components that are worn, damaged or broken need not to be
replaced. There is an increasingly wide range of sealants and
adhesives in car accessory shops that allow you to make satisfactory
repairs, thus saving the cost of buying a new component.

Uses of adhesives and sealants
A vast range of sealants and adhesives are available for

repairing many different components in your car.

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.howacarworks.com%2Ftechnology%2Fvehicle-adhesives-and-
sealants&psig=AOvVaw1g6fiGpF1j7zV6inq5fBDE&ust=1595566923789000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCPC0zN3L4uoCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD

Plastics, wood, rubber, glass and metals can all be repaired

using adhesives. Sealants can be used to waterproof weather seals
around windows, while cracks in metal casings can be sealed with a

special putty adhesive.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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Superglues
The simplest repairs you can make are to small non-stressed

items, such as plastic mouldings, badges and trim fittings, that have
fallen off. These can usually be glued back into place with one of the
`superglue' adhesives.

Superglues can be used on most materials but they may
damage some types of plastics, so always check on the packaging
before buying a particular make.

Specialized glues
There is a range of powerful glues on the market for more

specialized jobs such as bonding metals, wood and plastics, or for
filling small gaps in broken components. One of the most useful of
these are anti-vibration adhesives that can be used to secure
mechanical fastenings.

Glass glue
You can buy glues for fixing metal to glass or glass to glass.

More and more cars are being supplied with mirrors stuck on to the
windscreen. While these can stay put for years, they do tend to give
up eventually.

Some of these glues work in the same way as normal glues,
while others have to be exposed to light before they will cure. You can
also refix window catches that have come adrift.

SAFETY TIPS

1. Make sure you read any warnings on the packaging of the
glues or sealants, otherwise you may damage the component
you are working on.

2. Many products must be used only in a well-ventilated area —
don't ignore this warning because the fumes they give off are

often enough to make you pass out.

3. Some types of adhesive can cause considerable irritation if
they come into contact with your skin, so wear gloves when
handling them. If an adhesive does come into contact with

your skin, you can usually wash it off with soap and water. If
you get any in your eyes, wash the affected area with large

amounts of water and seek medical advice straightaway.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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Removing glues
You need to remove any excess adhesive or sealant from the

repaired component for a neat finish. Most you can simply trim away
with a sharp craft knife. Others, such as window sealants, are messy
and often need to be removed with white spirit or methylated spirit.
You can remove most adhesives from carpets and seats with normal
upholstery cleaner.

Always check, when you buy, if any special cleaning fluid is
needed to remove a particular type of adhesive or sealant.

GENERAL USES OF ADHESIVES/SEALANTS

a. Fixing loose screws
If a bolt or screw constantly vibrates loose, such as the

throttle butterfly screws on a Stromberg carburettor, you can fix
it securely by applying special thread locking adhesive.

How?
1. Remove the fastening and clean

the screw and screw hole threads.
2. Apply a few drops of fluid to the

threads, then refit the screw and
do it up tightly.
3. Allow time for the adhesive to
cure.

Applying lock-tite to a
loose screw

b. Casing repairs
You can repair cracks in an aluminum casing, such as a

gearbox casing, with an adhesive
putty kit.

How?
1. Make sure the affected area is

absolutely clean, using special
cleaning fluid where
recommended

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2. Thoroughly mix the correct amounts
of resin and hardener together.

3. Apply the putty liberally to the
casing with a spatula.

4. Press it firmly into the damaged

area so it completely fills any
spaces, then smooth it down.

c. Securing studs and bearings
Special adhesives can also be used to secure studs and

bearings. Apart from securing the components, the glue has
further advantages: once applied, it provides an
effective seal against corrosion. This is particularly important
with components such as cylinder head studs which, if they
become corroded, can snap off when you try to remove them.

These adhesives can also be used for securing press-
fit bearings such as wheel bearings. They are especially useful
where there is a slight amount of wear to the bearing housing
which might otherwise mean scrapping the unit. The adhesive
fills the slight gap between the bearing and the housing. It also

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makes the bearing easier to fit as it provides some lubrication
between the surfaces.

How?
1. Once the parts have been cleaned the adhesive should

be applied sparingly to both surfaces.
2. Fit the components together and allow about 15

minutes for it to cure. The adhesive will be fully cured
after about three hours.

Similar adhesives are also available for keeping
bushes and sleeves in their housings.

d. Repair putty
To fill minor cracks in engine or gearbox casings you can

use repair putty. This can also be applied to a range of metals,
including stainless steel, aluminum and bronze.

The repair kit usually consists of two separate pastes -
resin and a hardener - which have to be mixed together and
then quickly applied to the damaged area.

How?
1. The affected area has to be as clean as possible to

allow the putty to adhere properly. For this use
a solvent cleaning fluid and a scrubbing brush.

2. Thoroughly mix the resin and hardener together in
equal amounts and apply it quickly to the damaged
casing with the spatula provided in the kit.

3. Make sure you leave the putty for about ten hours
before you drive the car. Full strength is reached after
about 72 hours.

e. Waterproofing
Sealants (sometimes called mastics) are used for

waterproofing, such as repairing a leaking window. They are
usually supplied in the form of a large tube with a nozzle at one
end and may be either clear or black. The clear sealants are
used for waterproofing between the weather seal and window
while the black sealants are used between the seal and
bodywork.

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How?
1. To apply the sealant you gently lift the seal

surrounding the window and insert the nozzle into the
gap.
2. Squeeze the sealant while running the nozzle along the
gap.
f. Bodywork repairs
1. Spray the surface of windscreen and mirror with the
activator. Let the activator dry, apply the adhesive to
the mirror base and hold firmly until set.

2. To stick a badge to the body clean the surfaces, apply
the 'superglue' sparingly and hold the components
together for a few seconds until the glue has set.

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3. On a wooden dashboard, a piece of trim that has fallen
off can be quickly stuck back on by using an extra
strong bonding glue.

4. To seal a window, lift the weather seal carefully with a

spoon handle. Insert the applicator nozzle into the gap
and squeeze the handle to apply the sealant.

REFERENCES:

How A Car Works. 18 July 2020. Adhesives and Sealants. Retrieved
from https://www.howacarworks.com/technology/vehicle-adhesives-
and-sealants

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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SELF-CHECK 1.2-1

Encircle the letter of your best answer

1. What are superglues used for?
a. Fallen plastic moldings and badges
b. Badges and trim fittings
c. Fallen plastic moldings, badges and trim fittings
d. None of the above

2. What type of glue is used for glass to glass fittings?
a. white spirit
b. methylated spirit
c. glass glue
d. sealant

3. These are used for waterproofing, such as repairing a leaking
window.
a. Glass glue
b. Repair putty
c. Adhesive
d. Sealant

4. Adhesives/sealants must be used only in a ________________
area.
a. No roof
b. Enclosed
c. Air conditioned
d. Well-ventilated

5. How do you remove excess glues or sealants?
a. Use white spirit or methylated spirit
b. A and C
c. Trim away with a sharp craft knife
d. Neither A or C

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ANSWER KEY 1.2-1

1. A
2. C
3. D
4. D
5. B

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Information Sheet LO 1.2-2
Techniques and Procedures in Preparing Surfaces for

Sealant/Adhesive

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET you must be able to:
1. identify the techniques and procedures in preparing surfaces

for sealant/adhesive.

Substrate preparation is critical to good preparation and good
adhesion. Poor substrate preparation can contribute to adhesion

problems to remove contamination.

SURFACE TREATMENT IN IMPROVING THE BONDING
PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATES

In bonding mechanisms, it is clear that certain requirements

have to be met by the structure of the substrate if a high-quality
strong bond is to be achieved:

1. The substrate surface must have good wetting properties,
namely the chosen adhesive should not form beads on the
substrate surface but must rather distribute itself (spread)

across the surface.

2. The substrate surface must have good bonding properties,
namely there must be intermolecular and chemical interactions
with the adhesive molecules.

3. The surface layer of the substrate must be securely attached to

the substrate. Imagine for example highly rusted steel supports
that have to be bonded together. If the surface rust layer is not
removed, then rust is merely bonded to rust. On subjecting the

substrates to loads, the rust breaks away together with the
adhesive. In contrast to rust, the oxide layer on aluminium is
very strongly attached to the base material and is a good base

surface for adhesion.

4. After the bonding process, the surface must not change in an
uncontrolled way. Ground steel, for example, rusts – even
under the adhesive film – if the bond is in a moist environment.

In order to create a bond having good long-term stability, solely
grinding the steel surface is inadequate – and in addition

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suitable measures must be taken to prevent rusting under the
adhesive film when using this steel component in a moist
environment.

These facts emphasize the need for subjecting the substrate to a
surface treatment, to create a surface that meets the abovementioned
criteria.

In general this means treating the materials such that:
1. In a production environment, conditions for bonding are
created that guarantee reproducible bond quality;
2. Wetting and adhesion are improved;
3. The long-term stability of the bonded joints is improved.

In general, a distinction is made between three broad types of
“surface treatment”.

1. Surface preparation
Surface preparation covers cleaning (degreasing) and

preparation (e.g. deburring) of the substrate surface. Process
oils, mold release, dirt, grease, etc. can be removed through:

Appropriate solvent cleaning
o Wipe pr immerse in acetone, IPA, ethyl acetate,
toluene, etc.

Detergent cleaning
o Wash with soap and water rinse, dry thoroughly

2. Surface treatment
This encompasses all mechanical processes (e.g. grinding,

jet-cleaning), chemical processes (Metals: e.g. etching; Plastics:

e.g. gas-phase fluorination) and physical processes (Plastics: low
pressure plasma) that alter the structure and/or chemical

composition of the surface, relative to the starting base material.

Mechanical roughening:

Substrates
o Sandpaper

o Sand blasting
o Metal wool
Chemical treatment

o Chemical treatment is the process of treating a clean
surface by chemical means. The chemical nature of the
substrate surface is altered to make it highly receptive to

adhesion

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 P a g e | 43

Examples:
Etching with oxalic acid/sulfuric acid/distilled
water
Etching with hydrochloric acid/distilled water

3. Surface post-treatment
This covers all techniques that serve to preserve the

treated surface, e.g. application of a primer.

Use of primers

o One-component, no mixing
o Promote adhesion to difficult-to-bond substrates
o Apply in thin coats (0.5 mil)
o Dry at room temperature and ambient humidity

conditions
o Allow the primer to air-dry for at least 30 minutes before

applying silicone
o When drying, avoid touching the primer or allowing it to

be exposed to dust or water
o Primers
o Flame treatment
o High temperature which oxidizes the surface of the

substrate and provides new functional groups
o Used for many types of plastics
o Corona treatment
o High voltage, high frequency discharge in air; another

oxidation method, in which new functional groups are
produced on the surface
o Plasma treatment
o Neutral and charged species created by a discharge in the
presence of a gas

REFERENCES:

Adhesives.org. 16 July 2020. Adhesive and Sealant Selection Guide.

Retrieved from https://www.adhesives.org/docs/pdfs/adhesive-
sealant-selection-guide _for_oem_body_shops.pdf?sfvrsn=83c09bfb_0

Adhesives.org. 16 July 2020. Use of Adhesives. Retrieved from
https://www.adhesives.org/adhesives-sealants/adhesives-sealants-
overview/use-of-adhesives/surface-treatment/surface-pretreatment

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 P a g e | 44

Self-Check LO1.2-2

Enumeration:
List down the three broad types of surface treatment.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 P a g e | 45

ANSWER KEY LO1.2-1

1. Surface preparation
2. surface pretreatment
3. Surface post-treatment

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 P a g e | 46

LEARNING OUTCOME 1.3
APPLY SEALANT/ADHESIVE EVENLY

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

1. Sealant/adhesive is applied evenly on the surface in line
with manufacturer’s specification

2. Excess sealant/adhesive is removed by sanding or by

scrapping
3. Tools and equipment used to apply sealant/adhesive are

appropriate to job requirements
4. Safety are observed and PPE are worn in accordance with

industry SOP

5. Hazards associated with the use of sealant and adhesives
are identified.

CONTENTS:

1. Use of sealant and adhesive
2. Types and classification of sealant and adhesives
3. Tools and materials to be used in applying

sealant/adhesive
4. Techniques in applying sealant/adhesive

5. Safety requirements in applying sealant/adhesive

CONDITION:

Students/trainees must be provided with the following:

1. Equipment/tools/instruments  CDs, VHS tapes,

 Vehicle transparencies

 Putty knife

 Gloves

 Apron

 Mask

 Scraper

 Sander

2. Supplies/materials

 Paper

 Pencil

 Solvent

 Sand paper

3. Instructional materials

 Reference books

 Learning materials

 Modules

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 P a g e | 47

.
METHODOLOGIES:
1. Lecture/demonstration
2. Self paced learning
3. Distance learning

ASSESSMENT METHODS:
1. Written/oral examination
2. Direct observation
3. Project method
4. Interview

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 P a g e | 48

Learning Experiences

LEARNING OUTCOME 1.3
APPLY SEALANT/ADHESIVE EVENLY

Learning Activities Special Instructions
Read information sheet L01.3-1
 Tools and materials to be
used in applying Read information sheet L01.3-2
sealant/adhesive Read information sheet L01.3-3

 Techniques in applying
sealant/adhesive

 Safety requirements in
applying sealant/adhesive

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 P a g e | 49

Information Sheet LO 1.3-1
Tools and Materials to Be Used In Applying Sealant/Adhesive

LEARNING OBJECTIVE
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET you must be able to identify:
1. the tools and materials to be used in applying sealant/adhesive

TOOLS IN APPLYING ADHESIVES

1. grease pencil or masking tape
- used to measure and mark the area where the decal will be placed

2. handy spray bottle premixed with water and a few drops of liquid dish
soap as an application fluid
- used to mist the sticky side of the decal

3. rigid plastic bond-type spreader/paddle
- used to press the graphics down firmly and squeezes out air
bubbles

4. alcohol/wax remover
- removes excess wax/detail solution

How To Apply Adhesive Vinyl

1. Unpack & Unroll

Unpack right away, unroll and allow them to ’relax’ in a warm, dry
place to help flatten after shipping. Look for the printed instructions in
the box.

2. Clean And Mark Vehicle Surface

Use alcohol or other wax remover to
remove excess wax / detail solution. Vinyl
will not adhere well to waxes or detail
solution (most are silicone based). Measure
and mark the area where your decal will go
with a grease pencil or masking tape to make

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
Apply Appropriate July 2020 Issued by:
Sealant/Adhesive PTC Kalinga
Developed by:

LEA LIBERTY A. WANGAG Revision # 01 P a g e | 50