Common UC 1 - Applying appropriate sealant/adhesive

a level guideline. If your panel isn’t level, you may need to ’trick’ your
eye by what looks best.

3. Separate Graphics From Liner

Your graphics are pre-masked with
’transfer tape’ to help you lift and position
them. DON'T TAKE OFF THE TAPE yet. Place
decal face down on a clean, flat surface and
carefully separate the waxy paper backing
from the taped numbers. Try not to touch the
exposed adhesive surface of the vinyl.

4. Mist With Application Fluid / Position On Vehicle

Use a very light mix of water and a few
drops of liquid dish soap. Spray the sticky
side of the decal. Swipe your fingers over the
liquid to spread it on the back of the decal and
reduce bubbles. (You can also spray your
door/panel with fluid and swipe in the same
manner before you do the decal.) Then
position the decal on your marks. If you miss,
pull up carefully and reposition. Don’t slide it
around. You will get a couple of shots before it
really sticks.

5. Paddle/Rub Down Decal

Use a rigid plastic bond-type
spreader/paddle to firmly, but gently, press
the graphics down and squeeze out air — use
smooth even strokes working from the center
out to the edges to eliminate bubbles. Don’t go
back and forth, paddle in one direction.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

Driving NC II June 2018 002-20
Date Revised:
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6. Peel Off Tape
Once the graphics are firmly in place,

peel off the transfer tape using low and even
pressure. If part of the decal seems to lift,
reposition the tape and paddle some more.
Allowing graphics to rest a bit before peeling
tape will help — especially if you used a lot of
fluid. If you experience any large bubbles, you
can pierce them with a pin and gently press
out excess water or air with a soft cloth.

Tips!
 Don't apply in direct sunlight
 Remove wax and detail solution before applying
 Temperature should be at least 60°F/15.6°C for vinyl to adhere well
 Clean minor dirt/scuff marks with soft cloth, soap & water
 Use car wax on decals to keep them looking great

TOOLS IN APPLYING SEALANTS

1. Passive Round Tip Spatula
2. Aggressive Pointed Tip Spatula

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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3. Caulk Gun

Image source: www.ebay.com

4. Sealant of choice

Image source: www.bing.com/images

Steps in Applying Silicone Sealant

1. Clean the surface.
Remove loose materials and contaminants with a knife or a scraper.

Clean with a vacuum or brush to maximize the seal from the silicone’s
sealant. If there are residues such as oil, glue, or old sealant, remove
them with a degreaser or a spirit. You can also utilize masking tape to
remove loose materials from hard to reach areas.

2. Dispense sealant into the joints, overfill them slightly.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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3. PUSH forward with along
the joint with a passive or

traditionally shaped
(rounded tip) spatula.

Smooth and remove the
excess caulk by scooping
it off the substrate.

4. PULL the sealant back

towards you using an
aggressive shaped (pointed
tip) spatula, giving it the

hourglass shaped profile that
most sealant manufacturers
recommend for the best

elongation characteristics.
Take note of the shallow

angle of the spatula in this
step.

5. FINISHED - Remember to clean off your spatulas for longer lasting tool!

REFERENCES:

Albion Experts Solutions. 7 May 2018. How To Tool Sealants In Horizontal
Joints. Retrieved from https://albionexpertsonline.blogspot.com/2018/05
/how-to-tool-sealants-in-horizontal.html

Henkel Adhesive Technologies. 20 July 2020. Industrial Sealants. Retrieved
from https://www.henkel-adhesives.com/ph/en/products/industrial-
sealants.html

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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Self-Check LO1.3-1

Encircle the letter of your answer.

1. This is used to remove excess wax/detail solution before applying
adhesives.
a. Water
b. Oil
c. Alcohol
d. Wax

2. Presses down graphics firmly and squeezes out the air bubbles
a. spreader
b. masking tape
c. spatula
d. soft plastic

3. Tool in dispensing sealants
a. Caulk gun
b. spatula
c. soft plastic
d. spreader

4. Removes residues such as oil, glue or old sealant
a. Water
b. Oil
c. Wax
d. degreaser

5. Other term for degreaser
a. Dishwashing liquid
b. spirit
c. Wax
d. oil

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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ANSWER KEY LO1.3-1

1. C
2. A
3. A
4. D
5. B

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TASK SHEET 1.3-1 Install Adhesive

Performance Objective Given the appropriate tools and materials,

install adhesive in line with job requirements
and manufacturer’s specification within 25

minutes.

Tools and materials 1. adhesive
Steps/Procedure
2. grease pencil or masking tape
3. handy spray bottle premixed with water

and a few drops of liquid dish soap

4. rigid plastic bond-type spreader/paddle
5. alcohol/wax remover

1. Unpack and unroll the new adhesive carefully

2. Clean and mark vehicle surface

3. Separate graphics from liner

4. Mist with application fluid

5. Position adhesive on marked vehicle surface

6. Rub down gently with spreader/paddle

7. Peel off transfer tape gently

8. Present your task to your trainer

Assessment Method:

 Demonstration with oral questioning

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PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST 1.3-1

Trainee’s Name: __________________________ Date: ________________

Criteria YES NO

Did I…….?

1. Unpack and unroll the new adhesive carefully?

2. Clean and mark vehicle surface ?

3. Separate graphics from liner?

4. Mist with application fluid?

5. Position adhesive on marked vehicle surface?

6. Rub down gently with spreader/paddle?
7. Peel off transfer tape gently?

8. Present your task to your trainer?

Comments/Suggestions:

Trainer’s Signature: ______________________ Date: _____________________

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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Information Sheet LO 1.3-2
Techniques in Applying Sealant/Adhesive

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET you must be able to:

1. describe the techniques in applying sealant/adhesive

APPLICATION PROCESS

A wide range of equipment is available to help you apply virtually any
adhesive or sealant during the manufacturing process. If your operation calls
for sealing, gluing, bonding or molding, five application methods are typically
used to deposit material to the part – dots/beads, spray, web coating, wheel or
brush. The right material application method is based on your specific
production requirements and the type of material being used.

1. DOTS/BEADS
There are a variety of options available for achieving precise,

consistent dot and bead patterns.

a. Hand Gun
Typical handgun systems can

be cartridge-based or hose fed.
Cartridge-based systems are

portable, but require frequent
refilling and costly cartridges. In
addition, product quality is
dependent on operator skill.
However, these manual dispensers a
versatile, inexpensive option for
touchups, low-volume assembly and
field work. They provide a clean,
comfortable alternative to squeeze
bottles and hand syringes, also have
mechanical leverage that makes it easy to dispense thick materials
like greases and silicones without hand fatigue.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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Hose fed handgun systems minimize physical stress and
fatigue when manually applying hot melt adhesives. They are ideal
for horizontal gluing applications on flat panels, with select nozzles
for producing bead or spiral spray patterns. The hose fed handgun
has spray patterns that range from 0.25 to 6 inches wide (6 to 152
mm), offering more consistent output than cartridge-based systems
to optimize productivity. Many handguns are also designed with
ergonomic configurations that allow operators to maintain a
neutral wrist position and cool-touch handles for added safety.

b. Automatic Pneumatic Gun

Air-driven guns provide accurate timing and are insensitive
to material viscosity and system pressure. Today’s most innovative

automatic pneumatic guns deliver reliable, long-life operation,
which reduce actuation module replacement costs. In addition,
many incorporate design features – like color-coding to identify

actuation (AO/AC and AO/SC), easy-on features for faster
installation and special configurators to help you determine the
right gun for your application. Highly reliable and accurate,

automatic pneumatic guns can run at speeds that exceed 3500
cycles per minute.

c. Automatic Electric Gun
Automatic electric guns can accommodate very fast cycle

times (in excess of 3000 per hour). Typically incorporating an all-
electric driver to optimize performance, these guns can achieve

greater pattern control and consistency. In addition, by eliminating

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the used of compressed air and dynamic seals, automatic electric
guns lower operating costs and minimize module maintenance.
They also have longer service life compared to pneumatic guns,
reducing replacement costs.

4. Jetting
A non-contact

application method used to
apply dots of material only.

It is used quite often
in electronics applications
because it is known for
dispensing material in small
spaces – as tight as 175
micrometers at speeds up to
400 mg/second.

In operation, the jet
"flies" over the part or
substrate, and using a
patented high-speed
mechanism, shoots precise
volumes of fluid in dots, lines and patterns. The result is very fast,
very accurate material application. In addition, jet dispensers are
easy and quick to clean in 10 minutes or less with no tools
required.

2. SPRAY
When considering spray application methods, manufacturers must

consider material viscosity, overspray issues and pattern control
requirements.

a. Air Spray
Low Volume Low Pressure (LVLP) spray systems provide consistent

coating of low viscosity fluids. Here, microliter to milliliter amounts can
be reliably dispensed in round patterns with diameters ranging from 4.3
to 50.8 mm (0.17" to 2.0") and in fan patterns with widths up to 165.1
mm (6.5").

The combination of adjustable fluid flow, adjustable nozzle air and
post-air cutoff provides good spray control, but often, the challenge of
overspray must be addressed.

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b. Airless Spray

Automatic airless spray guns
are designed to deliver maximum

reliability in high-production airless
painting, sealant and adhesive
applications. They are suitable for

moderate viscosity materials, and
can provide fine atomization and
controlled deposition with minimal

overspray. Air-actuated guns
provide fast response times (30 to

40 milliseconds) and high-speed
cycling capability (up to 2500 cycles
per minute), and are ideal for coating situations requiring precise

material application.

c. Fiberized Spray
Continuous fibers provide

very accurate pattern control and

minimize overspray. Typically
fiberization forms an open, netlike
pattern that is a swirl, meltblown

or random fiber.

Swirl spray nozzles improve
bond strength and product quality
in hot melt adhesive nonwovens

and product assembly laminating
applications. Many applicators
allow you to control adhesive fiber

size, density and pattern width for
better bond performance.

Typically, you can produce low-density, large-fiber patterns for maximum
bond strength; open patterns for absorbency; or highly dense fine-fiber
patterns for heat-sensitive substrates.

Meltblown spray nozzles enhance high-speed production with

random hot melt adhesive coatings for continuous applications. Ideal for
wide-web lamination, meltblown spray coatings improve appearance and
hand-on personal hygiene products and produce excellent fine-fiber

coatings in high-speed tissue plybonding.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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There are also nozzles available to produce random hot melt

adhesive coatings for continuous high-speed lamination of roll-based
materials. These are typically used in nonwovens, wide and narrow web

coating, and general manufacturing and assembly applications. Random
fiber nozzles help achieve dense, uniform coverage with tight edge control
and patterns that can yield consistent bonding, tolerate process

parameter changes, and help improve product quality.

3. WEB COATING
There are a variety of options available for web coating

applications.

a. Slot Applicator (On- or Off-Roll)

High-performance slot applicators
deliver precise intermittent and

continuous hot melt adhesive coatings.
Slot applicators provide accurate
thickness control, with a closed system

that minimizes premature drying or
curing. Most can offer clean adhesive cut-
off, and can accommodate cycle rates of

4,000 and 5,000 per minute depending
on their design specifics. Slot applicators

are available in a range of application
widths, with other options that include
several options, including anti-stick coating, low-volume output and

additional shim plates and slots.

b. Fiberized Spray

A continuous fiber spray provides very accurate pattern control
and minimal overspray. This non-contact application method is excellent
for textured webs, forming an open, netlike pattern.

Typically used in hot melt adhesive nonwovens and product

assembly laminating applications, fiberized spray nozzles improve bond
strength and product quality. Many applicators allow you to control

adhesive fiber size, density and pattern width for better bond performance.
You can also produce low-density, large-fiber patterns for maximum bond
strength; open patterns for absorbency; or highly dense fine-fiber patterns

for heat-sensitive substrates.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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c. Wheel/Roller
Wheel and roller applicators provide a variety of pattern options, but

may require frequent cleaning if the adhesive cures on it. These
applicators apply hot melt adhesive from the top, the bottom or side, and
patterns can be tailored to meet specific production needs.

d. Dip
Dip application methods are suitable for thick coatings of low

viscosity adhesive.

4. WHEEL
Wheel applicators provide a variety

of pattern options, but may require
frequent cleaning if the adhesive cures on
it. These applicators apply hot melt
adhesive from the top, the bottom or side,
and patterns can be tailored to meet
specific production needs.

5. BRUSH
The brush application method is the least consistent and reliable of

all. Here, product quality is dependent on operator skill

REFERENCES:

https://www.adhesives.org/adhesives-sealants/adhesives-sealants-overview/use-of-
adhesives/application-equipment/application-process

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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Self-Check LO1.3-2

Enumerate 5 kinds of sealant/adhesive application process

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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ANSWER KEY LO1.3-2

1. Dots/Beads
2. Spray
3. Web Coating
4. Wheel
5. Brush

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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Information Sheet LO 1.3-3
Safety Requirements in Applying Sealant/Adhesive
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET you must be able to :
1. identify the safety requirements in applying sealant/adhesive

Safety requirements for adhesives
It’s essential to follow proper safety precautions when doing tasks

involving using contact adhesives.

Some substances can be harmful. Toluene is a good example. This clear
liquid, with its distinctive smell, is widely used as a solvent in contact
adhesives. If a product containing toluene is applied incorrectly, it can be
harmful to your health. If you’re using contact adhesives, make sure to choose
products that won’t put your health (or that of anyone who is helping you) at
risk.

According to experts, exposure to high levels of Toluene may affect
organs and systems in the body. This chemical is also highly addictive and
intentional long-term exposure can have severe effects. Even low to moderate
exposure can lead to light-headedness and headaches, among other symptoms.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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"When selecting contact adhesives, we tend to only think about the features

that will help us to get the job done. However, it’s also important to consider
whether these products pose any risks to our health.

Do’s of Using Silicone Adhesives and Sealants

1. Use sufficient protection.

Some of the most

common injuries people

experience when using

silicone adhesives and

sealants are an electrical

shock, skin burns, and eye

injuries. Having sufficient

protection can help prevent

these injuries. Always

wear safety goggles to

protect against eye injuries,

and wear surgical masks

over your mouth and nose if

you are using a type of glue

that gives off fumes.

Gloves can also be

worn to protect against http://megacomfort.com/a-step-towards-safety-with-ppe/

burns, but do keep in mind

that rubber gloves can melt,

and this can lead to an even more grave injury if they get in contact with

the hot glue. Gloves made from canvas and leather are better options.

Long pants, long sleeves, and closed-toe shoes are also advisable.

2. Use a primer whenever possible.

Primers are valuable because they help sealants adhere to your

chosen surface. Primers may have a short shelf life, but they help improve
adhesion by 20%. There are a few solvent-based primers that can be
applied by brush or by cloth.

3. Consider the sealant’s shelf life.

The majority of sealants sold today cure at the rate of 2-3mm per
24 hours, and this is exactly why they will not last forever in the tube. They
have an especially short shelf life if in hot and humid conditions. Keeping

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them in the refrigerator will help extend their days, and keeping nozzles
always attached will also help them cure slowly. Obviously, refrain from
opening the tubes until you are ready to use them.

4. Prep your workspace.
Keep in mind that other people, and even pets, may come in contact with

your workspace while you are working, so make sure your glue gun is safely
away from children and animals. Choose a work area that is near a power
source so you won't need an extension cord. All surfaces in your workspace
should be covered with or made of non-flammable material. Clear away any
loose papers and materials that can catch fire.

Note: An Easy Way to Remove Sealant
Manufacturers always get queries from people asking if there is
any miracle substance that can help remove sealant. Well, the
answer to this is a resounding "No." the only way you will be able
to remove sealant is through mechanical methods, such as a
cheese wire or sharp knife, or by abrading it with a sander.

Don'ts of Using Silicone Adhesives and Sealants

1. Not choosing the right adhesive
Before you purchase silicone adhesive or sealant for your project,

you must check the materials you are working with. There are adhesives
made especially for certain materials.

2. Not checking the expiration date
Before purchasing silicone adhesives and sealants, make sure it is

not out of date. This is a small detail that is easily overlooked. Silicone
sealant undergoes changes if it is past its shelf life. Tubes that are out of
date take a longer time to dry and are no longer potent.

3. Not cleaning the surface
If there is any grime, oil, grease, or other residues on the surfaces

which you are working with, you will have a difficult time forming a solid
and good bond. Make sure you clean surfaces thoroughly and let them dry
before proceeding with your work.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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4. Not following instructions
There are various types of sealants and adhesives, and they come

with slightly different instructions for how they are to be used, particularly
in terms of how long it takes for the sealant to dry. There are very strong
adhesives which might need to be mixed with other substances before use.
Therefore, always read the instructions and follow them to the letter.

5. Not using pressure
Gluing two pieces of metal together is different from using glue

with paper and waiting for it to dry on its own. Pressure has to be applied
to ensure the bond formed is as strong as possible. A vise or clamp can
hold the pieces together with a firm pressure so that the adhesive can bond
to the metal surfaces which have been prepared prior. Wait as long as
possible before removing the clamp, and allow the adhesive ample time to
dry. Do not hasten the process, Otherwise, you will have problems.

If you do come into contact with contact adhesives, follow these
guidelines:

On your hands: Wash well with soap and water. Use a skin moisturizer
afterwards.

In your eyes: Wash immediately with copious amounts of running water for at
least 10 minutes. Cover the affected eye with a sterile bandage. Consult an eye
specialist.

If you swallow it: Flush your mouth and drink plenty of water. Consult a
doctor.

If you inhale it: Move to fresh air and/or put on an oxygen mask (if available).
Consult a doctor.

REFERENCES:

https://www.property24.com/articles/safety-tips-for-using-contact-
adhesive/20341

https://www.bond-tech-industries.com/safety-tips-working-industrial-

adhesive/
http://www.brackett-inc.com/literature/adhesivesafety-tips.pdf

https://www.gluegun.com/blogs/adhesive-reviews/the-dos-and-donts-of-
working-with-silicone-adhesives-and-sealants

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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Self-Check LO1.3-3

A. Enumerate 3 of the Do’s in using silicone sealant/adhesive
B. Enumerate 2 of the Don’t’s in using silicone sealant/adhesive

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ANSWER KEY LO1.3-3

A. Do’s of Using Silicone Adhesives and Sealants
1. Use sufficient protection
2. Use a primer whenever possible
3. Consider the sealant’s shelf life.
4. Prep your workspace.

B. Dont’s of Using Silicone Adhesives and Sealants

1. Not choosing the right adhesive
2. Not checking the expiration date
3. Not cleaning the surface
4. Not using pressure
5. Not following instructions

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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Learning Outcome 1.4
STORE/DISPOSE OF SEALANT/ADHESIVE

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Sealant/adhesive are stored as per prescribed procedure
2. Wastes are disposed as per workshop SOP.
3. Safe handling of sealant/adhesive is observed.

CONTENTS:
1. Sealant/adhesive storing procedures.
2. Waste disposal standard procedures
3. Hazards associated with improper waste disposal

CONDITION:
Students/trainees must be provided with the following:

Equipment/tools/instruments
 Vehicle
 Car lift/bay
 Putty knife
 Gloves
 Apron
 Mask
 Scraper
 Sander

Supplies/materials
 Paper
 Pencil
 Solvent
 Sand paper

Instructional materials
 Reference books
 Learning materials
 Modules
 CDs, VHS tapes, transparencies.

METHODOLOGIES:
1. Lecture/demonstration
2. Self-paced learning
3. Distance learning

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ASSESSMENT METHODS:

1. Written/oral examination
2. Direct observation
3. Project method
4. Interview

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Learning Experience

LEARNING OUTCOME 1.4
STORE/DISPOSE OF SEALANT/ADHESIVE

Learning Activities Special Instructions
Read information sheet L01.4-1
 Sealant/adhesive storing
procedures. Read information sheet L01.4-2
Read information sheet L01.4-3
 Waste disposal standard
procedures

 Hazards associated with
improper waste disposal

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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Information Sheet LO 1.4-1
SEALANT/ADHESIVE STORING PROCEDURES

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET you must be able to:

1. describe the sealant/adhesive storing procedures

Hazardous materials, by nature, can harm children or adults if you fail
to store the dangerous substances safely. Proper storage reduces the risk of
accidents involving hazardous materials. If the substance is ignitable,
corrosive, toxic or reactive, then it is hazardous. A majority of household
chemicals and materials fit these categories, including paint, motor oil,
antifreeze, insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, cleaning agents, adhesives, arts
and craft materials, aerosol cans, propane cylinders, moth repellents, batteries,
smoke detectors, televisions, cell phones and ammunition.

Keep your family safe by properly treating, transporting, disposing of and
storing all hazardous materials.

Steps:
1. Follow all the storage instructions on the product label. Storage
requirements vary based on the hazardous property a material has.

2. Be sure to store all volatile products in well-ventilated
areas. Fumes can be toxic to humans and animals.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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3. Make certain you store flammable products in the recommended
temperature range. The containers will bulge if you store them in
temperatures that are too high. Liquid materials will expand, freeze
and burst if you store them in temperatures that are too low.

4. Keep all hazardous materials out of the reach of children and
away from all animals.
o Buy products with safety lids whenever possible.
o Put all hazardous materials stored in the house, garage or
basement behind locked doors.

5. Use the original container to store the hazardous material. If the
label is lifting off, use a transparent tape to secure it.

6. Reduce the amount of hazardous materials you keep in
storage. Purchase only the amount necessary to complete your

current job. You may find it better to discard leftover product rather
than storing it. Just make sure you follow the proper process for
disposing of hazardous materials.

7. Do periodic maintenance storage areas?

o Look for problems inside each storage area on a regular basis. Be
sure there are no apparent fumes.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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o Inspect all hazardous material containers. Make sure you can
clearly see each label. The containers should be free of rust,
bulges, dents or leaks.

o Use a separate broom and dustpan for chemical cleanup. Be sure
to lock these tools away when you are not using them.

How to Store Your Construction Adhesive

Storing adhesives the right way allows you to use your adhesive to
complete multiple projects over time instead of throwing it away after one use.

Simple tips for storing your adhesive:

For Squeeze Tubes

Step 1. After using your adhesive, squeeze a small amount of adhesive
into the cap before placing the cap back on the tube.

Step 2. Gently snug the cap in place so that the adhesive in the cap is
squeezed out along the edges of the tube opening. Applying a small
amount of adhesive in the cap ensures the tube opening will stay
clear of dried adhesive and will be ready for use on your next project.

Step 3. Store in a cool place, preferably with a temperature of less than
85°F.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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For Cartridges
Step 1. After usage, gun a small amount of adhesive out.

Step 2. Allow it to dry at the end of the cartridge tip. Allowing a small
amount of adhesive to dry at the tip will form a natural plug, which
can later be removed. This will ensure the tube opening stays clear of
dried adhesive and will be ready to use on your next project.

Step 3. Store in a cool place, preferably with a temperature of less than
85°F.

REFERENCES:

https://www.wikihow.com/Store-Hazardous-Materials

https://www.liquidnails.com/how-to/where-you-keep-your-construction-
adhesives-can-mak

https://www.adhesiveplatform.com/proper-storage-of-epoxy-adhesives-
supports-efficiency/

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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Self-Check LO1.4-1
A. What are the steps in storing adhesives in squeezer tubes ?

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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ANSWER KEY LO1.4-1

Step 1.
After using your adhesive, squeeze a small amount of adhesive into the cap
before placing the cap back on the tube.

Step 2.
Gently snug the cap in place so that the adhesive in the cap is squeezed out
along the edges of the tube opening. Applying a small amount of adhesive in
the cap ensures the tube opening will stay clear of dried adhesive and will be
ready for use on your next project.

Step 3.
Store in a cool place, preferably with a temperature of less than 85°F.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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Information Sheet LO 1.4-2
WASTE DISPOSAL STANDARD PROCEDURES

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET you must be able to:

1. describe the Proper Waste disposal standard procedures

Standard Operating Procedure in disposing Adhesives/Sealants

Exposure Assessment:

Skin Contact
• Hazardous Chemicals
Some adhesives contain chemicals that can be hazardous to skin.
Avoid all possible skin contact with adhesives.

• Skin Attachment
Adhesives that attach to skin can cause serious harm. The
adhesive could then attach to another surface that it comes into
contact with. This could be quite dangerous. Avoid all possible
skin contact with adhesives.

Fumes
• Flammable Vapors
Many adhesives are flammable and give off flammable vapors. High
vapor concentrations near a spark, hot element, or open flame may
ignite causing severe burns.

• Hazardous Vapors
Some adhesives contain chemicals that produce dangerous fumes.
These vapors can cause serious damage to one’s health.

Control Plan:

• Always wear gloves when handling adhesives to avoid contact with skin
• Wear protective garments to cover exposed skin
• Be familiar with chemicals in adhesive being used

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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• Wear safety glasses at all times while using adhesive in case of splashing
o If necessary, wear a face guard too

• Work in a well-ventilated area when using adhesives to avoid inhaling
vapors or build-up of flammable vapors

• Keep adhesive a safe distance away from any exposed skin
• Keep adhesive away from sparks, heating elements, open flame, or any

other source that may cause ignition of adhesive or fumes
• Keep adhesive bottle closed when not being applied
• Do not wear neckties, jewelry, or loose clothing, as they could come into

contact with adhesive
• Tie up long hair or wear protective hair covering to prevent hair from

coming in contact with adhesive

Experimental Procedures:

• Put on all safety equipment and tie back loose hair or clothing
• Check to make sure correct adhesive is ready to be used
• Prepare work space by laying down brown paper
• Prepare work piece for adhesive operation on top of brown paper work

space
• When ready, open adhesive bottle and use right away on work piece as

desired o Keep all exposed skin away from adhesive during application
• Close adhesive bottle right away
• Leave work piece in desired position to let adhesive attach and dry to

work piece
• Remove work piece when finished
• Clean workspace. Dispose of any unwanted remains (see Waste

Management Procedures)
• Return adhesive to its appropriate location

Waste Management Procedures:

When finished with the adhesive, put it away promptly. Always clean the area
and watch out for any adhesive that may remain. Paper towels and cleaning
solution (including adhesive remover) can be found in G217-11. Dispose of
any leftover material or debris appropriately.

Place all other materials back in the appropriate place.

Spill and Accident Procedures:

If an accident occurs, report immediately to the lab supervisor (G217-05) or
other appropriate staff member. If no one is around, dial 911 on the landline

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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phone near the door of G217-11 to reach the campus police. If needed, the lab
first aid kit is located on the wall near the sink. A first aid pamphlet from

DEHS is located in all of the MDC’s first aid kits.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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Self-Check LO1.4-2

A. According to the Standard Operating Procedure on waste disposal, what are
the waste management procedures?

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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ANSWER KEY LO1.4-2

 Always clean the area and watch out for any adhesive that may remain.
Paper towels and cleaning solution (including adhesive remover) can be
found in G217-11. Dispose of any leftover material or debris
appropriately.

 Place all other materials back in the appropriate place.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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Information Sheet LO 1.4-3
Hazards Associated With Improper Waste Disposal

LEARNING OBJECTIVE

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET you must be able to:

1. recognize the hazards associated with improper waste disposal

6 Negative Effects of Improper Waste Management

Most of us can claim to have
read up on waste management
processes. However, it should come as
no surprise that despite our best
efforts, the damage has continued, only
at a different rate. We have come a long
way in efficiently dealing with waste,
yet several key problems continue to
merge and injure the planet at large.

Negative effects of improper
waste management not only ends in a
disgusting view but also affects the
overall economy of a country. State has
to spend a lot of money to counter the
effects of improper waste management.
Moreover, animals depended on the environment also face a great threat due to
the oil spills and leaching of chemicals which directly cause soil and water
contamination. Burning of any disposed waste and plastic materials results in
air and environmental pollution.

Though we all are familiar with common methods of waste management
like landfills, incineration, recycling, biological processing or energy
conservation; we find ourselves living in a world filled with waste. Renewable
energy and recycling took us to newer heights, but the adverse effects of
improper waste management continue to plague us.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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Some of the catastrophic effects of today’s poor waste management systems are
listed below:

1. Waste Management & Soil Contamination
Ideally, we would like our plastic, glass, metal and paper waste to

end up at a recycling facility. It then returns to us as a renewable product.
But the reality is entirely different. Have a look at the informative image
below.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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For example, here’s what happens when a plastic water bottle is
incorrectly sent to a landfill, or left, at any other place, to be absorbed by the
soil.

Plastic water bottles eventually break down to release a harmful
component called, DIETHYLHYDROXYLAMINE (DEHA). (A carcinogen which
hurts our reproductive capabilities, causes liver dysfunction and weight loss
issues.)

DEHA seeps into the surrounding areas of the soil and water bodies to
harm the animal and plant life depends on it.

2. Water Contamination via Improper Wastes
Water is an excellent solvent; it

can contain numerous dissolved
chemicals. As a result, while moving
through, water picks up pollution
along the way. It often has dissolved
substances like various chemicals
and gases.
Rainfall easily mixes to toxic liquid
substances and seeps into the water
streams to end up in nearby water
bodies. Thus, the neighbourhood
fountain, pond, lake or even drinking
water taps are susceptible to the
dangers of contamination.

The victims? All living organisms including us, humans.

3. Severe Weather Due to Climate Contamination
Firstly, harmful greenhouse gases are created from decomposing

waste. These rise up to the atmosphere and trap heat. This adversely
causes extreme weather reactions in the form of storms and typhoons.

How else are we impacted? Well, apart from temperature what is also
drastically affected is the level of precipitation in the air. From acid rain to
severe hail storms or global warming – everything is fair game at present.
This also spreads out into other areas with regards to subdivisions such
as thermal and radioactive pollution.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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4. How The Air is Contaminated

A lot of it leaves us feeling
hopeless for we feel unable to make
necessary changes. We think we
cannot consume any less. Even so, we
can, at least, follow strict protocol over
how it’s recycled.

On the occasions paper and
plastic are burned at the landfill,
causing landfill gas, the chemicals
released which accumulate and
contribute to the ozone layer and also
hurt the surrounding human population. Methane gas adds to it as well.
Besides, with chemicals such as dioxin out there, the air has been proven to
have harmful effects on us. All of it, and especially when improper waste
management is concerned, play a significant role in causing global warming.

5. Harm Towards Animal and Marine Life

Despite strict measures to stop
it, the dumping of garbage, raw or
untreated sewage continues. Any
animal or marine life coming in contact
gets impacted in the worst of ways. The
inevitable formation of algal bloom and
clusters contaminates and eventually
suffocates marine life such as coral and
fish.

According to Conservation
International, consumption of fishing
lines, cigarette butts, plastic bottles
and Styrofoam can kill millions of
marine lives each year. Furthermore, it is a vicious cycle which feeds itself.

Waste is dumped into the ground, then absorbed by the soil and
groundwater. Waste contaminates the land on which we grow food and
provides water for us and animals. Waste in the marine life kills fish.
Carcasses float on the surface, and we see mosquitoes feed on it. The diseases
carrying mosquitoes now spread sickness and death among the living
population

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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6. Human Damage
Consider the majority of the human population where we do not see any

scientific waste management system. Such places may possess a system, but
there is no disposal area to be found. Those who are at significant risk are:

 Children and those who live near such facilities

 Waste disposal workers

 Employees whose workplaces manufacture or come into contact
with waste materials

Think about the fires at
landfills and its effects on us.
Whether coming from the air or its
accumulation in our cellars, those
landfill gases have been exposed for
causing cancer, create respiratory
and visibility problems, and the
explosion of cans put people nearby
at constant risk.

Additionally, when we come in
contact with waste, it causes skin
irritation and blood infections. We
also contract diseases from flies
which are carriers of illnesses after
breeding on solid waste. With
regards to mosquitoes, we know,
besides feeding on dead fish, they
find sewage, rainwater, tires, cans
and other objects to be ideal
breeding grounds. They carry and
spread diseases such as malaria
and dengue.

With an abundance of disease-carrying pests, it becomes difficult to be
vigilant about waste management facilities. They harm crops, spread diseases
such as Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome, Leptospirosis, Rat-bite Fever and
Salmonellosis.

Waste management is our responsibility for we benefit and suffer from it
in radical ways. Education and awareness across all communities, irrespective
of their social, economic condition, must be ever-present for as long as life
inhabits this planet.

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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Self-Check LO1.4-3

A. Enumerate the 6 Negative Effects of Improper Waste Management

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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ANSWER KEY LO1.4-3

1. Human Damage
2. Harm Towards Animal and Marine Life
3. How The Air is Contaminated
4. Severe Weather Due to Climate Contamination
5. Water Contamination via Improper Wastes
6. Waste Management & Soil Contamination

Date Developed: Document No. DRV-PTC-32-

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