Wadah Perkasa Putrajaya

KAYUHAN MESRA BERSAMA T MK

23NOVEMBER 2019: PERKASA Putrajaya dengan kerjasama PERKASA
Pusat telah menganjurkan Program Kayuhan Mesra Bersama Timbalan
Menteri Kewangan Malaysia iaitu YB Dato’ Ir Hj. Amiruddin Bin Hamzah.
Program ini turut disertai oleh YBhg.Dato’ Seri Paddy Bin Abd Halim
Ketua Pengarah Kastam Malaysia, YBhg.Dato’ Ahmad Maher Abd Jalil
Timbalan Ketua Pengarah Kastam Malaysia (Perkastaman & CDN), YBrs.
Tuan Mohd Asri Bin Seman - Presiden PERKASA Pusat dan YBrs. Tuan
Mohamad Syukri Bin Othman - Presiden PERKASA Putrajaya. Program ini
mendapat sambutan yang meriah dikalangan warga. Selepas tamat
kayuhan, kesemua peserta dihidangkan dengan Nasi Lemak Royale
Kedah di Putrajaya.

146

8 FEBRUARI 2020: Buat
pertama kalinya PERKASA
Putrajaya menganjurkan
Pertandingan eGame Sport
iaitu FIFA20 2V2. Program
ini mendapat penyertaan
yang tinggi di kalangan
ahli yang menjadikan
eGame sebagai hobi.

147

148

JOHAN Pertandingan PS4 PERKASA Putrajaya NAIB JOHAN Pertandingan PS4 PERKASA Tempat KETIGA Pertandingan PS4 PERKASA
FIFA20 2v2 Tournament Putrajaya FIFA20 2v2 Tournament Putrajaya FIFA20 2v2 Tournament

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150

KEJOHANAN PING PONG PERKASA MALAYSIA
28 FEB - 1 MAC 2020

ANJURAN PERKASA CAWANGAN SARAWAK

Pasukan Ping Pong Perkasa Putrajaya menerima
hadiah tempat ke-3

151

Barisan Exco PERKASA Pusat bergambar bersama
Pengarah Kastam Negeri Sarawak

Presiden PERKASA Putrajaya menerima cenderamata penyertaan
dari Pengarah Kastam Negeri Sarawak

152

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154

155

156

MESYUARAT AGUNG DWI T AHUNAN KALI KE-2
PERKASA PUT RA JAYA
SESI 2018/2020

7 April 2018: Mesyuarat Agung Dwi

Tahunan Kali Ke-2 PERKASA
Putrajaya Sesi 2018/2020 telah
di adakan pada hari Sabtu di
Dewan Utama Kementerian
Kewangan, Presint 2, Putrajaya.
Walaupun dibuat pada hujung
minggu, Mesyuarat ini mampu
menarik ahli-ahli PERKASA
Putrajaya untuk hadir kerana
setiap ahli yang hadir ke mesyuarat
ini akan menerima Gold Bar 1g.

157

158

159

1-2 DISEMBER 2018: Retreat Exco PERKASA Putrajaya
diadakan bertujuan khusus untuk menggabung jalinkan kesatuan
fikrah atau arus pemikiran dalam kalangan barisan exco. Kesatuan
fikrah ini merupakan elemen yang penting didalam pengurusan
sesebuah organisasi bagi memastikan gerak kerja yang berjalan
seterusnya menuju kearah matlamat dan objektif yang sama.

RETREAT EXCO PERKASA PUTRAJAYA

Selain daripada itu, retreat yang diadakan di Avillion Port Dickson ini
juga bertujuan untuk mengeratkan ukhuwwah dalam kalangan keluarga
barisan exco yang terlibat. Penglibatan secara aktif didalam gerak kerja
NGO memerlukan kefahaman dan pengorbanan daripada ahli keluarga.
Tanpa kefahaman dan sokongan daripada mereka, adalah sukar ahli
sesebuah organisasi memberi tumpuan kepada gerak kerja yang dirancang.

160

Pelbagai pengisian yang telah dilaksanakan sepanjang retreat ini berlangsung.
Antara aktiviti yang dijalankan bagi mengukuhkan kesatuan fikiran
dan kerjasama barisan exco termasuklah teambuilding, brainstorming
dan mesyuarat. Manakala aktiviti santai yang turut melibatkan ahli
keluarga termasuklah sukaneka, barbeque, sukan air dan sebagainya .

Walaupun retreat ini dilaksanakan dalam tempoh yang singkat,
diharapkan impak daripada segala aktiviti yang dilaksanakan
akan menjadi tonik untuk barisan exco bergerak ke gerbang jasa.

161

OPERASI KHAS
RMK BAHAGIAN
PENGUAKUASAAN
BERSAMA PERKASA
PUT RA JAYA

22 APRIL 2019: Buat pertama kalinya
PERKASA Putrajaya bersama-sama turun
padang bagi menjalankan Operasi Khas
RMK Bahagian Penguatkuasaan yang
turut disertai oleh YBhg.Dato’ Azimah
Abd Hamid.

162

KUNJUNGAN
HORMAT PERKASA
PUT RA JAYA KE
PEJABAT PENAUNG

22 MEI 2018: PERKASA Putrajaya
telah membuat kunjungan hormat
ke Pejabat Timbalan Ketua
Pengarah Kastam (Penguatkuasaan/
Pematuhan) iaitu YBhg.Dato’ Seri
Zulkifli Bin Yahya selaku Penaung
PERKASA Putrajaya.

163

KUNJUNGAN HORMAT
PERKASA PUT RA JAYA KE
PEJABAT PENAUNG

10APRIL 2019:PERKASAPutrajayatelahmembuat
kunjungan hormat ke Pejabat Timbalan
Ketua Pengarah Kastam (Penguatkuasaan/
Pematuhan) iaitu YBhg.Dato’ Azimah Abd
Hamid selaku Penaung PERKASA Putrajaya yang
baharu.

164

KUNJUNGAN HORMAT
PERKASA PUT RA JAYA KE
PEJABAT PENAUNG

8 JANUARI 2020: PERKASA Putrajaya telah
membuatkunjunganhormatkePejabatTimbalan
Ketua Pengarah Kastam (Penguatkuasaan/
Pematuhan) iaitu YBhg.Dato’ Abdul Latif Bin
Abdul Kadir selaku Penaung PERKASA Putrajaya
yang baharu.

165

Tn. Mohd Asri, Presiden PERKASA Malaysia Tn. Mohamad Syukri, Presiden PERKASA Putrajaya YBhg.Dato’ Azimah, Penasihat PERKASA Putrajaya
bersama Direktorat Jeneral Bea dan Cukai, bersama Direktorat Jeneral Bea dan Cukai, menyerahkan cenderamata kepada Direktorat
Indonesia Jeneral Bea dan Cukai, Indonesia
Indonesia

LAWATAN BEROBJEKTIF PERKASA
PUTRAJAYA BERSAMA TKPK
(PENGUATKUASAAN/PEMATUHAN) KE
BEA CUKAI DAN KPC BU TANJUNG PRIOK

Rombongan Lawatan Berobjektif Perkasa Putrajaya Lawatan Berobjektif Perkasa Putrajaya Bersama
Bersama TKPK (Penguatkuasaan/Pematuhan) ke TKPK (Penguatkuasaan/Pematuhan) ke Bea Cukai dan
Bea Cukai dan KPC BU Tanjung Priok diketuai KPC BU Tanjung Priok telah diadakan pada 31 Ogos
oleh Penaung Perkasa Putrajaya iaitu Timbalan hingga 3 September 2019. Lawatan ini dirangka dengan
Ketua Pengarah Kastam (Penguatkuasaan/ matlamat utama untuk memberi pendedahan kepada
Pematuhan), YBhg.Dato’ Azimah binti Abd Hamid. ahli jawatankuasa Perkasa Putrajaya serta ahli Perkasa
Putrajaya mengenai sistem yang digunapakai oleh Bea
Cukai Indonesia serta merencana kerjasama strategik
diantara Jabatan Kastam kedua-dua buah negara.
Lawatan ini juga dirancang sebagai penghargaan kepada
ahli-ahli Perkasa Putrajaya yang membantu Perkasa
Putrajaya dalam melaksanakan matlamat persatuan

166

Lawatan Berobjektif Perkasa Putrajaya ke Ibu Pejabat Bea Cukai telah
disambut sendiri oleh Ketua Pengarah Bea Cukai Indonesia, Bapak
Heru Pambudi. Bapak Heru juga telah meluangkan masa untuk beramah
mesra bersama peserta lawatan. Dalam ucapannya, bapak Heru berharap
Jabatan Kastam Diraja Malaysia dan Bea Cukai dapat bekerjasama
dalam menyeragamkan peraturan-peraturan dan kawalan import.

Para peserta bergambar bersama dengan pihak
Bea dan Cukai, Indonesia

Rombongan Lawatan Berobjektif Perkasa Putrajaya
juga telah berpeluang untuk melawat Customs
Control Room yang berpusat di Tanjung Priok dan
mempelajari kaedah kawalan keatas keluar dan
masuk barang ke dalam kawasan Zon Bebas Cukai.

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LAWATAN BEROBJEKTIF PERKASA PUTRAJAYA
BERSAMA TKPK (PEMATUHAN & PENGUATKUASAAN)
KE BEA CUKAI DAN KPC BU TANJUNG PRIOK, INDONESIA

LAWATAN PERKASA PUTRAJAYA KE HATYAI DAN SONGKHLA

Lawatan Perkasa Putrajaya ke Hatyai – Songkhla yang diadakan pada 13 September hingga 16
September 2019 merupakan program lawatan santai yang dirangka khusus buat ahli Perkasa Putrajaya.
Lawatan selama 4 hari 3 malam ini bertujuan untuk melawat pusat-pusat pelancongan yang terkenal
di negara jiran disamping merapatkan ikatan kekeluargaan dalam kalangan ahli Perkasa Putrajaya
serta ahli keluarga yang terlibat.
Lawatan yang diuruskan oleh agensi pelancongan Kopetro Travel and Tours ini bertolak dari Ibu
Pejabat Kastam Diraja Malaysia Putrajaya pada jam 10 malam. Antara tempat menarik yang dilawati
termasuklah Pasar Terapung, Chang Puak Camp, Big Bee Farm, Samila Beach, Singora Tram Tour
dan lain-lain. Selain daripada lawatan ke pusat-pusat pelancongan, peserta lawatan juga dibawa
membeli belah di beberapa pusat beli belah yang menjadi tarikan pelancong asing.
Rombongan berangkat pulang daripada Hatyai pada jam 11 pagi 16 September dan tiba di Putrajaya
pada jam 11 malam.

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28 DISEMBER 2019: PERKASA Putrajaya telah mengadakan
Retreat 2.0 yang melibatkan Exco dan ahli keluarga. Program ini
diadakan di Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan. Antara aktiviti yang
dijalankan adalah Sukaneka, Bbq, Team Building dan Mesyuarat
Exco. Program ini bertujuan untuk menwujudkan keakrabatan,
kemesraan dan kerjasama di kalangan exco PERKASA Putrajaya.

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SUKANEKA RETREAT 2.0

171

TEAM BUILDING 2.0

Barisan exco yang terlibat dengan Team Building
di Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan

172

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KEMBARA PERKASA PUTRAJAYA KE PERTH,

AUSTRALIA PADA 11 MAC HINGGA 16 MAC 2020.

Kembara PERKASA Putrajaya tahun ini membawa seramai
35 orang peserta yang terdiri daripada ahli PERKASA,
antaranya Ybhg. Dato’ Zazuli Bin Johan bersama pasangan,
Ybhg. Dato’ Abdul Wahabi Bin Abdullah bersama pasangan,
Presiden PERKASA Putrajaya, Tuan Mohamad Syukri
Bin Othman dan pasangan, Setiausaha Agung PERKASA
Malaysia, Tuan Saiful Azmi Bin Yusof, barisan-barisan
Exco PERKASA Putrajaya serta turut disertai ahli keluarga
termasuklah seorang bayi yang berusia 1tahun 9bulan, anak
kepada Puan Norhani Binti Hashim, si comel Hafiy Jibrail.

Peserta program kembara PERKASA Putrajaya berkumpul
di KLIA pada 11 Mac 2020, jam 4 petang untuk mendengar
briefing daripada wakil travel agency iaitu Puan Marlina
daripadaArba Travel. Penerbangan ke Perth,Australia menaiki
pesawat MAS MH 127 pada jam 7.50 malam mengambil masa
selama lebih kurang 5 jam perjalanan. Sebaik tiba di Perth
Airport, Australia peserta terus dibawa ke tempat penginapan
yang terletak di bandar Perth iaitu di Seasons Of Perth Hotel.

174

Antara tempat-tempat menarik yang dilawati sepanjang program kembara ini adalah melawat ke Caversham Wildlife
Park, Swan Valley, Margaret River Chocolate Factory, Windurra Honey Factory, Namburg National Park, Kings
Park, Elizabeth Quay, Moore River, Blue Boat House dan Rainbow Container. Peserta-peserta program kembara ini
juga dapat mencuba aktiviti sand boarding di Lancelin Sand Dunes dengan menyewa sand board berharga AUD 10.
Sepanjang tempoh program kembara ini, peserta berpeluang menunaikan solat jamak di masjid-masjid tempatan antaranya adalah
Mirrabooka Mosque, Al-Majid Mosque dan Suleymaniye Mosque (terasa seperti sedang bersolat di negara Turki pula..hihi).
Peserta program kembara juga tidak ketinggalan berbelanja di tempat-tempat membeli-belah seperti di Chemist Factorry,
Belmont Forrum, Fremantle Market, Joondolup Lakeside, Watertown Barnds Outlet Centre dan sekitar Murray dan Hay Street.
Peserta program Kembara PERKASA Putrajaya selamat tiba di KLIA, Malaysia tepat jam 8.00 pagi dengan pesawat MAS
MH126. Kesemua peserta melepasi ujuan saringan kesihatan di pintu masuk lapangan dan menjalani self-quarantine di rumah
masing-masing selama 14 hari. Syukur alhamdulillah, kesemua 35 orang peserta kembara ini bebas wabak Covid-19. Terima
kasih diucapkan kepada kesemua peserta program Kembara PERKASA Putrajaya je Perth, Australia di atas komitmen dan
kerjasama yang sangat baik sebelum dan sepanjang tempoh program. Semoga ukhwah yang dibina kekal selamanya. Insya Allah..

175

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177

Barisan Exco PERKASA Pusat bergambar bersama
Pengarah Kastam Negeri Sarawak

Presiden PERKASA Putrajaya menerima cenderamata penyertaan
dari Pengarah Kastam Negeri Sarawak

178

179

Jom Semak

SKOR KEMATANGAN
DIRI SENDIRI Oleh Elliza Ruslan

Ayuh..bantulah diri kita sendiri untuk menjadi matang dalam kehidupan seharian kita. Bersama kita
membangun bersama PERKASA Putrajaya!

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181

DOES TIME MATTER FOR FRONT LINE OFFICER IN CARGO ASSESSMENT
TO DETERMINE THE PRESENCE OF NUCLEAR AND OTHER RADIOACTIVE
MATERIAL OUT OF REGULATORY CONTROL? TRADE FACILITATION VS
NUCLEAR SECURITY

I. RUSLI
Royal Malaysian Customs Department (RMCD)
Putrajaya, Malaysia
Email: [email protected]


ABSTRACT


Bureaucratic delays, excessive border procedure and inspection, pose a burden for moving goods across
borders for traders. Trade facilitation, which requires simplification, modernization and harmonization of
export and import processes, has therefore emerged as an essential issue for the world trading system. Trade
facilitation plays a vital role in promoting import, export, foreign direct investment and e-commerce, to ensure
the economic growth of a country. Front line officer (FLO) such as Customs, plays an essential role in facilitating
cross-border trade while maintaining an appropriate level of control and security. Various international legal
instruments provide the framework on trade facilitation and security, such as The World Trade Organization
(WTO) Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA). Other inter-governmental organizations such as The World Customs
Organization (WCO) provide a framework of standards such as the SAFE Framework of Standard in combating
illicit trafficking, including nuclear or radioactive material. To detect cargo that may or may not related to nuclear
and other radioactive material out of regulatory control (MORC) is becoming challenging due to complexity of
trade, and the assessment of commodity-related to these materials. The detection system and measures are
essential in filtering and detecting high-risk goods such as illicit trafficking of nuclear and other radioactive
materials at the international borders. However, dedicated resources specifically deployed in monitoring the
Central Alarm System (CAS) may no longer be feasible in this context of trade facilitation. Furthermore, the
assessment of alarms, secondary inspections and response from technical experts added to the pressure for
timely border clearance. The paper highlights the Time Release Study (TRS) conducted by the Royal Malaysian
Customs Department (RMCD) at Port of Klang, 12th busiest port in the world which handles more than 11million
containers (TEUs) per year. This study measures the time of cargo release at the border, which includes the
element of assessment and physical inspection of cargo related to nuclear and other radioactive material. The
results show that the communication and movement of the shipment added to the time for border clearance.
The paper calls for reform for nuclear security detection operation at the border, to emphasise on the element
of clearance time by focusing on high-risk cargo by using risk management approach as recommended by the
WTO and WCO. Policymaker and international partners that support the implementation of nuclear security
such as US-NSDD, European Commission, IAEA and other relevant international partners. They also need
to consider the approach by the deployment of a combination of Radiation Portal Monitor (RPM) and X-Ray
instrument to optimise the FLO resources not only for nuclear security detection but also for contraband
commodities. Concept centralises and dedicated CAS need to be reconsidered by merging the system and
measure with existing Non-Intrusive Inspection (NII) control centre to optimise the decision making to expedite
and facilitate legitimate good for border clearance. Finally, the study also demonstrates that TRS is a useful
performance tool to measure the time between the interface from detection, assessment and response from
relevant authorities for the improvement of process flow and standard operating procedure (SOP).

1. INTRODUCTION

Cross-border trade is a driver of economic growth and development, and the national government governs it
through various regional and multilateral trade agreements. This factor is what causes many industries to grow
as the standard of living in developed and developing countries increases. Some of the drivers in developments
of global business are rapid information and communication technology, advances in transportation and trade
liberalization.

World Customs administrations leaders recognize their responsibility to develop new strategic perspectives

182

and policies that will create a bolder, more proactive and innovative role in line with the ever-expanding cross-
border trade of the 21st century. Action plans for trade and border management and the role of Customs should
be able to overcome the challenges that may arise, such as globalization of business; international terrorism;
and increased trans-national threats. Taking advantage of these opportunities is evidence that Customs
administrations are always responsible for facilitating legitimate trade to support the global trade system.
Customs has created a playing field for businesses to enhance the country’s competitiveness, not only to
protect the country’s economic and financial interests but also to protect the public from various threats.
According to the WCO, there are three Strategic Objectives to explain the definition of Customs Role in today’s
world, namely Facilitation, Revenue Collection and Protection of Society.

The WCO Safe Framework emphasized Customs administrations must work co-operatively with common
standards to maximize the security and facilitation of the international trade supply. It encourages members
to optimize the use of advance electronic cargo information in profiling for risk management and to maximize
the use of technologies such as non-intrusive equipment in the detection of high-risk cargo which includes the
radioactive material.

In Malaysia Radiation Portal Monitor (RPM) has been installed at the seaport and land border. The RPM
installation at the port is a result of the cooperation of Malaysia and the United States Department of Energy
(USDOE) located at Port Klang, Penang Port and Port of Tanjung Pelepas. At the same time, the RPM at the
land border is the result of the cooperation of Malaysia and the IAEA installed at Malaysia-Thailand borders
(Durian Burung, Bukit Kayu Hitam and Padang Besar). Through this initiative, the transfer of knowledge to
the countries involved changed the way their Customs operate to facilitate the movement of legitimate goods
and with appropriate measures to enhance security based on profiling and risk assessment, especially on the
MORC. Concept centralises and dedicated CAS need to be reconsidered by merging the system and measure
with existing NII control centre to optimise the decision making to expedite and facilitate legitimate good for
border clearance.

To ensure that every action taken is appropriate in facilitating and controlling the security of cross-border trade,
performance measurement needs to be conducted periodically, so that the efforts and resources used are
optimized. WCO has introduced the Time Release Study as a performance measurement for cargo clearance,
and it proposes a solution for each constraint or bottleneck.

Therefore, this paper discusses the efforts and time taken by the FLO in determining the authenticity of indicators
in profiling and triggered alarms. It is because a significant percentage of the alarms that are triggered are false,
the result of time spent and effort for a secondary inspection was pointless. Besides that, the results would
also present the cause of delays and their remedies. The paper will then discuss ways to improve detection
capabilities to ensure the facilitation of international trade without compromising safety.

2. TRADE FACILITATION VS NUCLEAR
SECURITY

2.1 Trade Facilitation

The Customs Administrations are the authorities
that are responsible for ensuring the facilitation
and safety of international trades. Changes in the
world trade landscape, the power of globalization,
innovation and technological change continue to drive
significant changes in the global supply chain which
has led to rapid industrial development. The Customs
Administration has always taken pro-active steps to
facilitate it without neglecting security. With years of
experience in implementing global Customs standards,
the World Customs Organization (WCO) is an essential
source of expertise and support for 183 member countries ready to face the challenges of international trade
by building and enhancing a safe and convenient global trade environment.

A unique international instrument, the SAFE Standard Framework for Securing and Facilitating Global Trade was
introduced to enable member countries to adopt modern supply chain security standards. The framework has

183

four main elements, namely harmonizing advance cargo information, introducing risk management approach,
customs inspection of high-risk containers and benefits program for compliant traders. It helps to submit
the beginning of a new approach of end-to-end management of trade across borders while recognizing the
importance of a close partnership between Customs and businesses.

The WCO standard and technical assistance support the TFA which has domestically ratified by 148 WTO
Members. It is a milestone for the global trade as it contains provisions to expedite the movement, release and
clearance of goods, including goods in transit.

2.2 Nuclear Security

Many radioactive materials are safe
to use in areas such as health, the
environment, agriculture and industry.
However, the possibility of nuclear and
other radioactive material being used
for terrorist acts cannot be ignored in
today’s global situation. To ensure the
safety of all nations, various guidelines
have been introduced to eradicate
nuclear terrorism and illegal smuggling
of nuclear and other radioactive material
by the International Atomic Energy
Agency (IAEA). Member States have
responded to this risk by engaging in
collective commitments to strengthen
protection and control of such
materials, and to create capabilities for
the detection and response of nuclear
and other radioactive material from
regulatory controls.

The Customs Administration is an authorized FLO to safeguard the border against illegal trade and movement
of nuclear and other radioactive material. In addition, WCO has recently published an implementation guide of
Strategic Trade Control Enforcement (STCE) which are focusing on processes, procedures and training. It is
a guide that covers two main sections of policy and operations in dealing with weapons of mass destruction,
which includes a wide range of materials, including radioactive. It is consistent with the principles of the SAFE
Framework of Standards. Heighten the security by blocking from illicit or dubious transactions while facilitating
legal trade, allowing a much higher volume of lower-risk cargo to be expedited cargo clearance to encourage
greater and faster legitimate trade.

The main goal of nuclear security detection is to deterring terrorists by detecting nuclear and other radioactive
material. Through many initiatives by IAEA, WCO, International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL) and
USDOE have taken a step forward by issuing various guidelines and best practices to serve as a reference
to member countries. Even a series of capacity building has been conducted ever since, where the countries
involved are now able to operate the related technology. With the help of these international bodies, their
member countries adopting various technologies for detecting nuclear and other radioactive materials and
installed at the seaports, airports and land borders such as Hand-held Equipment, Radiation Portal Monitor
(RPM) and Advanced Spectroscopic Portal (ASP).

2.3 Operational Challenges

The use of technology can help the Customs Administration carry out their responsibilities. However, there are
various operational challenges to find a balance between trade facilitation and security to ensure economic
growth and social well-being.

The first challenge is in terms of health, where the RPM machine itself emits radiation with additional radiation
exposure from the goods. It is likely to cause more frequent rotations of the work to ensure that the FLO not
exposed to continuous radiation that may affect health and fertility. Therefore, the Customs Administration
should establish a comprehensive SOP to ensure the viability and sustainability of this operation. Also,

184

unidentified nuclear material detection technology may be released through several studies by the University.
There is a long learning curve for Customs officers in understanding the concept, terminology and flow of the
tracking and response process.

Another challenge faced by the FLO is its reliance on existing systems and technologies in capturing consistent
data. The presence of common commodities, i.e. fertilizers, foods, building materials containing radioactive
sources of gamma rays that produce interfering yarns could trigger the false alarm. It causes time and effort to
conduct the secondary inspection on such common commodities. Therefore, the technology acquired should
be advanced and sensitive enough to detect the actual goods because some traders attempt to avoid detection.
Besides, there are significant maintenance costs to ensure that all technologies are in good working condition.

Customs operates on a job rotation basis where Customs officers will be stationed in specific units/divisions
for some time before being deployed elsewhere, ensuring that each Customs officer has a comprehensive
experience while maintaining sound integrity. The policy will incur additional costs and time to retrain new
officers on the concept and operation of nuclear security. However, such costs are under the control of the
Customs Administration, so every process of identifying nuclear and other radioactive material needs to
be documented to develop SOPs to ensure it’s operational. Further, to ensure that the SOP is on track, its
effectiveness must always be measured so that the Customs Administration is always aware of its current
position and to take further action to address the issues.

3. THE PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM

Descriptive statistics are the basis for any measure of performance. In this case, the percentage of occupancy
for portals, triggering alarms, secondary inspections and investigations can be calculated. It aims to look at the
effectiveness of security screening carried out.

Time Release Study (TRS) is an important initiative introduced by the World Customs Organization (WCO)
as the foundation for a performance measurement system to determine the average time taken for a specific
process. It is clearly stated in the WCO Strategic Goals 1; the WCO will manage, further develop and promote
the Economic Competitiveness Package, including the TRS, to achieve trade security and facilitation. The WCO
clearly stated that:

“Time Release Study is a strategic and internationally recognized tool to measure the actual time required for
the release and/or clearance of goods, from the time of arrival until the physical release of cargo, with a view to
finding bottlenecks in the trade flow process and taking necessary measures to improve the effectiveness and
efficiency of border procedures.”

International institutions and donors such as the WTO, the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank (ADB),
the United States International Development (USAID), and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
have acknowledged and recognized that the performance measurement tool in the domain of trade facilitation
is TRS.

World Bank stated that the purpose of TRS is to examine the procedures and agencies involved in between the
arrival and release of goods the findings will be the baseline in streamlining the process and reduction of time.
ADB emphasizes that it helps in assessing and resolving issues in the cargo clearance process. Meanwhile,
according to USAID, it will be the basis for determining the infrastructure, policies and process improvements.
The WTO highlights the importance of Establishment and Publication of Average Release Times periodically
and in a consistent manner, using the Time Release Study of the World Customs Organization.

TRS is a systematic and standardized method for measuring the average time taken to release cargo and for
each step or intervention in a border procedure at international borders such as seaports, airports and land
borders. The TRS, therefore, measures aspects of the effectiveness of the operating procedures carried out by
Customs and other regulatory authorities in the processing of import, export and transit movement. Bottlenecks
can then be identified through analysis of the data collected and subsequently formulating relevant decisions
into action plans to address the identified bottlenecks and continuously improve the performance of trade
facilitation more effectively and efficiently.

In the context of nuclear security, it can be used to identify the average time taken for the entire nuclear and

185

radioactive material detection process. The data obtained can be compared to the number of actual cases
detected, which is intended to see the cost-effectiveness of the work being done as a result of triggered alarms
as they are mostly false.

3.1 Findings

3.1.1 Procedure

There are several stages of security screening for the detection of nuclear and other radioactive material, as
shown in FIG. 1. It is a result of an experience in nuclear security detection at the port. In Port Klang Malaysia,
there are two ports involved in the import and export of cargo, namely Westport and Northport. A total of 23 RPM
and 1 SIS were installed in Westport while 19 RPM and 1 SIS for Northport. All 42 RPMs and 2 SISs are under the
responsibility of the CAS to ensure that each procedure is carried out correctly. The Customs Administration
manages it, and information is shared with the Atomic Energy Licensing Board (AELB). Customs is the party
responsible for making sure the alarm properly works for primary inspection

All goods entering and exiting Malaysia whether import, export or transhipment is subject to primary inspection
which are mandatory to go through RPM to detect the level of gamma and neutron existence before proceeding
to the next procedures. Any readings that exceed the set level alarm will be triggered. Subsequently, CAS will
display the goods information, including container number and shipping data information.

The FLO will proceed with the primary response by evaluating the detected profile and compare it to the
manifest and declaration for the verification through the Customs Information System (CIS) which also includes
a risk management system called the Customs Verification Initiative (CVI). The information will be analysed to
determine whether it is a legitimate movement of goods where the legitimate goods will be released to the
standard clearance procedure immediately. If there is any doubt about the item, the FLO will then issue an order
for a second inspection to the port operator where they will make arrangements with the players involved to
move the container to the Secondary Inspection Station (SIS). The FLO also need to move together to conduct
the secondary inspection.

FIG. 1. Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material Detection Process Flow

186

The SIS is a Secondary Portal Monitor checkpoint on goods that have been identified to contain either nuclear
or radioactive material. It aims to measure the radiation dose using Personal Radiation Devices if any neutron
presence is detected or 20μSv and above of gamma reading, the FLO will forward this responsibility directly to
AELB for further investigation. While anything below 20μSv of gamma reading, examination to determine the
nuclear or other radioactive materials is performed using the Radiation Isotope Identification Device (RIID). The
FLO will conduct an analysis of the findings and information received to determine whether it can be released
or the need for further inspection. If further investigation is required, the port operator will be notified to bring
the affected container through the scanner machine. The FLO will then make the final decision based on the
available data either to release or detention. For containers to be detained, the information will be forwarded to
the responsible agency, AELB for further action. Only AELB will perform any physical inspection that requires
the container to be opened after further action is taken.

3.1.2 Descriptive Statistic

FIG. 2. below shows the funnel to visualize the numbers of TEUs of each process involved in the detection
of nuclear and other radioactive material from 2015 to 2019 at both ports in Port Klang. The data shows that
the average TEUs for the five consecutive years was 12,173,013, out of which only 26.62% was randomly
selected which equivalent to 3,240,817 TEUs passing through RPM yearly, where the average number of daily
TEUs passing through RPM is 8,879 TEUs. This clearly shows that there is no risk management at the Primary
Inspection, where data such as the type of goods and company information, and its country of origin can be
optimized.

While the average alarm triggered compared to the total number of TEUs through RPM is 1.02% which equals
to 33,103 TEUs per year or 2,759 TEUs per month, this indicates that the average alarm triggered for 1 hour
is only 4 TEUs. The FLO will then decide on the need for a secondary inspection based on gamma reading
information and the existence of neutrons as well as the manifest and declaration information available to
the CIS. This is where risk management has been optimized at Primary Response to determine if the alarm is
false or authentic. Out of alarm triggered, 52.77% or 17,468 TEUs was a false alarm which makes 15,635 TEUs
triggered an authentic alarm. This shows that the FLO still needs to evaluate the overall alarm triggered where
52.77% of additional effort for a false alarm is required to complete this Primary Response process.

After filtering only 151 TEUs yearly or 13 TEUs monthly are required for secondary inspection, which equivalent
to 0.96% of total authentic alarm triggered. Only 0.80% or 1 TEU of the secondary inspection was found per year
related to material out of regulatory control which required further investigation by AELB.

FIG. 2. Funnel of average TEUs yearly

3.1.3 Time Release Study

A simple TRS was conducted at Port Klang to demonstrate on how to measure performance in the border
security of nuclear and other radioactive material detection procedures from the primary response, secondary
inspection and investigation. The primary inspection was not included since the process flow is done
automatically, and there was a limitation in obtaining the data because of some constraint in preparing this
paper. FIG. 3. below shows the average time taken in minutes of each process.

The first stage of data is Primary Response starting with the average time taken to acknowledge the alarm
triggered is 1 minute, followed by the FLO reviewing the data to identify gamma and neutron reading levels
with an average time of 15 minutes. The Operator Terminal will be notified once it has identified any cargo that

187

requires a second inspection, where the average time taken to receive feedback is on average 29 minutes. The
Terminal Operator will notify importers, customs agents and hauliers, and this process takes an average of 11
hours 34 minutes until the affected cargo is transferred from Container Yard to SIS, this average time taken co-
occurs with the FLO movement from CAS to SIS.
Next is Secondary Inspection. The FLO will carry out Secondary Inspection on the detected cargo that takes an
average of 48 minutes. The data obtained will be reviewed first before deciding whether it should be the next
step, the average time taken for this process is 26 minutes. Operator Terminal will be notified again to move
the container identified for the investigation; the average time taken to receive the response from the Operator
Terminal is 24 minutes. The average time taken for the container to be transferred to the investigation bay is 11
hours 52 minutes, and again this average time taken co-occurs with the FLO movement.
The third stage is the investigation. Additional Inspection will be performed; Non-intrusive Inspection, which
takes an average of 20 minutes, the data then will be analysed, and the average time taken is 9 minutes. If the
FLO decided that there is a genuine case, the Response Agency AELB would be notified which an average
time taken is 21 minutes to proceed with invoking response protocol that takes an average of 11 hours and 35
minutes.
The total average time taken for genuine cases detected is 38 hours and 14 minutes. Most of the time wasted is
the FLO and container movement procedure between two places as it involves communication by a few players
in clearance chain.

FIG. 3. An average time taken in minutes for each process

4. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

Several factors determine the effectiveness of the procedure in the detection of nuclear and other radioactive
material. Customs Administration is bound by policies set by Trade Facilitation Agreements by WTO. Besides,
the WCO also emphasizes facilitation and security, whereby physical inspection should only be done by 5% of

188

total transactions without neglecting security filtering such as risk management. However, data show that the
number of TEUs for secondary inspection is insignificant compared to Primary Inspection as this process is a
risk-based approach which is considered as appropriate.

According to the findings, risk management only takes place at the Primary Response level, where this resource
can be optimized as a container selection criterion for the Primary Inspection. This will certainly help to refine
further the next process of Primary Response, which is expected to reduce no less than 52.77% effort in
identifying triggered alarms. These resources can be optimized to identify the other 47.33% of triggered alarms
to ensures that every high-risk good based on profiling in risk management goes through RPM for the Primary
Inspection process. When compared to the previous five years, it showed an increase in portal occupancy and
secondary inspection but a decrease in cases identified from 2 cases to 1 case average of recent five years.
This indicates that efforts to detect these nuclear and other radioactive material have increased, but the number
of cases received has declined. It means that the importers/exporters are aware of the permit requirements for
the goods, and even the businesses are aware that Malaysia is strict in handling this issue.

The TRS introduced by WCO is fundamental to the trade
facilitation, wherein this context it is seen as an ongoing
process in assessing current performance so that each
relevant agency could take action on any findings that
cause a bottleneck in the cargo clearance process. Based
on the findings, the major part of the average time taken is
communication time, cargo and FLO movement from one
place to another. Its average time taken is 36 hours 15 minutes
compared to the average time taken of the whole process in
cargo clearance is 38 hours 14 minutes. If the communication,
cargo and FLO movement are carried out more effectively, and
the response of each party is almost immediately, it is expected
that the average time taken will decrease significantly. The CAS
position to monitor two detection locations are centralized at
the Customs office, which requires additional resources and
time to travel to inspection location and adjudicate the alarms
or alerts. It would cause time constraint in the event of a
secondary inspection or anything that requires the presence of the FLO, as it will take time to travel between the
two places. It can be more effective if it can be decentralized and placed under the control of the NII monitoring
centre of each particular ports. Because the location of the monitoring centre is in the Port area itself, and the
issue of movement of two places can be resolved which may help to reduce the time taken for the inspection
team to arrive at SIS. The next TRS can be done more extensively, for instance, the communication, cargo and
FLO movement can be break up more details to identify each factor that cause the delay.

Efforts to decentralize the CAS may be costly as it results in the movement of technological assets. However,
integration with other NII system will help to reduce the time and resources for the alarm adjudication process.
Furthermore, acquiring new technology is often seen as a high cost, and it is usually necessary to use it
for a specified period. Therefore, it is advisable every time the process of acquiring a new technology takes
place, the layout or positioning of the technology for each process must be organized and reasonable so that
every movement from one process to another does not take long. This trade facilitation could save costs and
effort, for instance, the deployment of a combination of RPM and NII instrument to optimise the FLO resources
not only for nuclear security detection but also for contraband commodities. This effort is able to identify
common commodities that trigger false alarms that may take time to further data assessment, as proven by the
descriptive statistic that 52.77% of triggered alarms are false. Nevertheless, the use of technology has been
helping FLO to detect nuclear and other radioactive material.

Bear in mind that, in an effort to address the security issue of nuclear and other radioactive materials, the time
taken for cargo clearance is vital so that the time taken is within the calculated risk. It is because the longer
the cargo clearance time taken, the higher the potential risk of exposure to the gamma and neutron radiation.
The findings in TRS can be used to improve the procedure by implementing the recommended actions. In this
way, the meeting point between security and facilitation is balanced. It is believed that this study provides a
benchmark for countries of interest to perform performance measurements to determine the status of existing
procedures or work processes and their constraints for improvement purposes, particularly by using WCO
tools, the Time Release Study.

189

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I wish to express my sincere appreciation to my former immediate superior, who has the substance
of a genius: he convincingly guided and encouraged me to do the right thing by submitting this paper. The
paper was also assisted by RMCD’s officer Nur Fahana Osman who provided insight on the current policies
and Ahmad Hafiz Hussin, who provided insight into the nuclear security detection operation. Without their
persistent help, the goal of this paper would not have been realized.

REFERENCES

[1] DOWNES, R., HOBBS, C., SALISBURY, D., Combating nuclear smuggling? Exploring drivers and challenges to detecting nuclear

and radiological materials at maritime facilities, The Non-proliferation Review (2019) 83-104.

[2] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Nuclear Security Systems and Measures for the Detection of Nuclear and Other

Radioactive Material out of Regulatory Control, Nuclear Security Series No. 21 (2013).

[3] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Combating Illicit Trafficking in Nuclear and Other Radioactive Material. Nuclear

Security Series No. 6 (2007).

[4] MALAYSIA, Customs Regulations. P.U. (A) 397 2019.

[5] MALAYSIA, Customs (Prohibition of Imports) Order. P.U. (A) 103 2017.

[6] MALAYSIA, Atomic Energy Licensing (Basic Safety Radiation Protection) Regulations. P.U. (A) 46 2010.

[7] MALAYSIA, Radiation Protection (Licensing) Regulations. P.U. (A) 149 1986.

[8] MALAYSIA, Atomic Energy Licensing. Act 304 1984.

[9] MALAYSIA, Customs Act. Act 235 1967.

[10] MOHAMED, M., “Detection by Information Alert: Utilising Risk Management As The Essential Approach For Customs Authority To

Enhance Detection Capabilities” International Conference on Nuclear Security: Commitments and Actions, IAEA, Vienna Austria

(2016).

[11] ROYAL MALAYSIAN CUSTOMS DEPARTMENT, Kawalan Pergerakan Bahan Nuklear dan Bahan Radioatif di Pintu Keluar/Masuk

Negara, Perintah Tetap Kastam Bilangan 86 (2015).

[12] ROYAL MALAYSIAN CUSTOMS DEPARTMENT, Penguatkuasaan Perlaksanaan Akta Perdagangan Strategik, Perintah Tetap

Kastam Bilangan 84 (2011).

[13] VERIFICATION RESEARCH, TRAINING AND INFORMATION CENTRE, Illicit Trafficking of Nuclear and other Radioactive Material

(2012).

[14] WORLD CUSTOMS ORGANIZATION, Safe Framework (2018).

[15] WORLD CUSTOMS ORGANIZATION, Guide to Measure the Time Required for the Release of Goods Version 3 (2018).

[16] WORLD CUSTOMS ORGANIZATION, Guidelines for the Procurement and Deployment of Scanning/NII Equipment (2018).

[17] WORLD CUSTOMS ORGANIZATION, Strategic Trade Control Enforcement (STCE) Implementation Guide (2019).

[18] WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, Trade Facilitation Agreement (2014).

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191

KISAH DULU... lagi kita stress lagi banyak kita KUIRI
makan. Pada ketika itu, berat PENGESAHAN
Saya berbadan besar sejak dari saya naik mendadak sehingga LANTIKAN &
sekolah menengah lagi di mana PENGESAHAN
berat dalam lingkungan 80kg. Gambar semasa Zaman Universiti Tahun 2011 JAWATAN...
Jika dibandingan dengan rakan
sekelas yang lain, saya antara hampir mencapai 100kg. Selain Pada November 2016, saya
yang paling besar di dalam kelas. itu, boleh dikatakan setiap minggu
Semasa di Matrikulasi, saya masih saya mengalami masalah gout menerima memo daripada
boleh maintain dengan berat yang (keturunan) dan sakit kaki.
sama. Zaman Universiti di mana Bahagian Khidmat Pengurusan
waktu kuliah dan tutorial agak Awal bulan Mac 2016, saya
loggar sekaligus memberi kesan menerima surat tawaran lantikan Sumber Manusia yang
kepada lifestyle saya. Waktu dari SPA sebagai Penguasa
makan tak tentu masa apatah lagi Kastam Jabatan Kastam Diraja menyatakan Permohonan
waktu tidur. Biasiswa pun dapat Malaysia. Masih saya teringat
setiap semester. Boleh dikatakan orang berkata, “orang gemuk Pengesahan Lantikan saya
makan macam orang kaya. Stok tidak sesuai masuk kastam.” Saya
makanan segera seperti maggi, lapor diri di AKMAL Melaka pada telah dikuiri oleh Suruhanjaya
snack dan lain-lain memang tidak 11 April 2016. Berat saya ketika
pernah putus berada di dalam itu adalah 96kg. Kursus Asas Perkhidmatan Awam (SPA)
bilik asrama. Menu nasi lemak Penguasa Kastam sepanjang 2
telur mata 2 bungkus, roti canai bulan sedikit sebanyak memberi kerana Laporan Pemeriksaan
banjir dan teh ais memang boleh penurunan berat saya kepada
dikatakan menjadi rutin setiap 89kg. Perubatan Untuk Pelantikan Ke
malam lebih-lebih lagi pada
minggu ulangkaji. Dalam Perkhidmatan Awam saya

mengatakan saya mempunyai

penyakit darah tinggi di mana

bacaan tekanan darah saya

melebihi paras normal iaitu 130/80.

Atas nasihat dari SPA, saya

dikehendaki mendapatkan

Laporan Perubatan Doktor

mengenai penyakit tersebut dan

juga Borang Ulasan Daripada

PRODUK KURUS...

Jujur saya akui saya pernah

mencuba produk kurus tidak

kiralah dalam bentuk pil mahupun Gambar semasa lapor diri di AKMAL Melaka

gel. Harga produk yang mahal dan Ketua JabatanABprial 2g01i6Pegawai Yang
Diperakui Tidak Sihat. Saya juga
Gambar semasa di Kementerian Kerja Raya perlu dibeli secara berterusan tidak perlu mengemukakan Laporan
Tahun 2016 Penuh Perubatan kepada SPA
menjanjikan seperti yang saya untuk tujuan pengesahan jawatan.
Mula berkhidmat di Kementerian Saya tidak boleh bayangkan
Kerja Raya (KKR) pada tahun inginkan. Saya pernah menyertai perasan saya ketika itu. Apa-
2014 di mana saya masih ingat apa pun yang terjadi, saya perlu
lagi pada ketika saya membeli program fit di kementerian mendapatkan surat dan laporan
baju dan seluar, saiz seluar saya tersebut.
dalam 45 dan saiz baju pula XXL. lama tetapi keputusannya tidak
Tugas kewangan sememangnya Sepanjang tempoh untuk
mencabar bila mengenangkan memberangsangkan. Tiada mendapatkan laporan penuh
banyak due date untuk dikejar
sehinggakan saya tiada masa penurunan yang banyak pada
untuk beriadah. Betul kata orang,
suatu ketika menjadikan saya

tidak bermotivasi untuk mengikuti

program tersebut.

192

tersebut, saya perlu dipantau oleh selama 3 bulan, saya berjaya cara pemakanan yang baik,
doktor di Hospital Putrajaya. Saya membuat penurunan berat badan ia membantu saya mengawal
juga dirujukkan ke Unit Dietitian sebanyak 24kg. Alhamdulillah, kehadiran penyakit ini secara
Klinik Kesihatan Presint 9, Putrajaya saya berjaya! Hasil daripada kerap.
untuk nasihat dan pemantauan penurunan ini juga saya berjaya Penglibatan dalam Program Fit
diet selama 3 bulan. memperolehi 5 gram gold bar. Challenge 1.0 ini juga sedikit
sebanyak dapat mengenali
TERIMA KASIH Penglibatan dalam Program Fit warga kastam yang bertugas
FITCHALLENGE... Challenge 1.0 amat memberi di Bahagian/ Cawangan lain.
kesan positif kepada saya di Ini kerana, terdapat aktiviti
“Bagai Orang Mengantuk mana Laporan Penuh Perubatan riadah yang dilakukan bersama
Disorongkan Bantal”. Itulah yang mengesahkan bacaan tekanan dan penglibatan bersama
saya boleh katakan. Penganjuran darah saya normal. Laporan penuh
Program Fit Challenge 1.0 oleh perubatan juga mengatakan Larian Kewangan 2019 Putrajaya - 6KM
PERKASA Putrajaya memang bacaan paras gula dan kolestrol
tepat pada waktunya. Program saya juga adalah normal. 3
Fit Challenge 1.0 ini diadakan kali pemantauan dietitian juga
sebanyak 3 fasa dan setiap mendapat maklum balas yang
fasa ada target penurunan positif dan memberangsangkan
berat dan aktiviti-aktiviti yang daripada doktor. Perjumpaan
tersendiri dengan bayaran yuran terakhir dengan doktor memberi
penyertaan sebanyak RM40.00 seribu makna kepada saya
untuk ahli. apabila beliau memberitahu saya
bahawa saya tidak perlu hadir lagi
ke hospital untuk pemeriksaan
dan pemantauan.

Saya bermula dengan berat Perubahan bentuk dan fizikal dalam menyertai acara fun run,
102.4kg di mana pada ketika badan di mana perubahan saiz half marathon dan trail juga
itu, perasaan amat malu muncul pinggang dari 45 kepada 32 dan mengukuhkan ukhwah dan
dalam diri kerana saya antara saiz baju dari XXL kepada M. Tidak silaturrahim antara kami sehingga
peserta yang mempunyai pernah saya membayangkan kini. Penubuhan whatsup group
berat yang paling tinggi. Untuk untuk memakai pakaian yang juga memberi peluang antara
fasa pertama, saya berjaya bersaiz begitu. Jika dahulu, saya kami untuk berkongsi maklumat
menurunkan berat badan sukar untuk membeli pakaian dan aktiviti masing-masing.
sebanyak 7.8kg kepada 94.6kg kerana sukar mencari saiz tetapi
manakala untuk fasa kedua, saya sekarang sebaliknya. AMALAN & DIET...
berjaya menurunkan berat badan
Fit Challenge menjadikan saya Suka saya ingatkan bahawa
sebanyak 7.4kg kepada 87.2kg. daripada seorang yang tidak aktif
Alhamdulillah, saya berjaya ke bersukan kepada seorang yang tidak perlulah kita mengikut cara
fasa ketiga iaitu fasa akhir di mana aktif. Semenjak dari program ini,
saya berjaya menurunkan berat saya banyak menyertai acara fun amalan dan diet orang lain. Ramai
saya sebanyak 8.8kg kepada run, half marathon dan trail. Boleh
78.4kg. Secara keseluruhan, dikatakan hampir setiap bulan orang yang ingin memulakan
sepanjang program ini iaitu saya tidak akan ketinggalan
untuk mendaftar dan menyertai proses diet gemar terikut-ikut
mana-mana acara tersebut. Saya
faham yuran penyertaan untuk dengan diet seseorang. Bukan
acara ini bukannya murah. Tetapi,
kepuasan yang dialami sendiri tidak boleh, tetapi cukup untuk
adalah lebih bermakna dan
berharga. rujukan dan ianya perlu diolah

Penyakit gout semestinya datang mengikut kesesuaian masing-
dan tidak akan berkurang jika
kita tidak kawal cara pemakanan masing. Antara amalan dan
dan berpantang. Di samping
berdiet dan mengamalkan diet yang saya amalkan dan

kongsikan sepanjang Program Fit

Challenge 1.0 adalah:

• Rancang target penurunan

berat badan di mana tidak

terlalu ketara dan ikut

kemampuan diri.

• Rancang menu diet harian

(makan pagi, makan

tengahari, makan malam,

193

snacking). SARANAN &
NASIHAT...
• Rancang aktiviti fizikal
Pengajuran Program Fit Challenge
sepanjang tempoh diet. ini merupakan satu usaha
murni yang perlu diteruskan
• Mengamalkan pengiraan oleh PERKASA Putrajaya bagi
membantu warga jabatan yang
Basal Metabolic Rate mempunyai niat murni untuk kekal
sihat. Bagi saya, reward adalah
(BMR) dan Daily Calories perkara kedua. Apa yang paling
utama adalah pencapaian dan
Requirements (DCR) dan rekod kepuasan diri.

setiap hari. Energy Efficiency (EE) Run 2019 Putrajaya - 10 KM

• Pantau dan rekod berat terkini Saya mengambil peluang untuk
mengucapkan ribuan terima
secara harian setiap pagi. kasih kepada rakan-rakan yang
sentiasa menyokong, mendorong,
• Rajin bertanya dengan coach berleter dan memberi motivasi
serta galakan kepada saya
selain daripada membuat sepanjang saya berada dalam MAKNA Night Run Putrajaya 2017 - 12KM
Program Fit Challenge 1.0. Mungkin
carian tips dari internet anda dikalangan yang saya Akhir kata, pengakhiran Program
maksudkan sedang membaca Fit Challenge bukan menjadi
sebagai rujukan. penulisan ini. alasan saya untuk berhenti. Saya
tahu perjalanan dalam proses diet
• Berhenti dahulu pengambilan Bagi anda yang ingin berdiet, memang ada pasang surutnya
apa yang boleh saya sarankan malahan tidak mudah untuk
makanan kesukaan (favourite adalah: kekalkan kerana saya telah lalui.
• Jangan banyak alasan Tiga tahun Program Fit Challenge
food) yang berkalori (minuman 1.0 berlalu. Namun, saya mampu
remeh dalam diri yang boleh untuk kekalkan berat saya
manis, makanan segera dan mengganggu proses diet. sekitar 66kg sehingga kini. Bagi
• Kuatkan semangat dan kekal saya, buat apa untuk kembali
diproses, snacking, lain-lain). fokus. Ingat semula sebab dan jadi seperti dulu. Saya percaya
niat anda untuk diet. dan yakin anda semua boleh
• Jangan skip makan nasi • Jika mahu mencari rakan yang melakukannya.
ingin diet bersama, carilah
(ambil mengikut kuantiti yang rakan yang memberi aura Malatra Endurance Run, Taman Saujana Hijau
positif dan bukannya yang Putrajaya 2017 - 42KM
sepatutnya). menggagalkan diet anda.
• Jangan pernah ada istilah
• Kurangkan ambil makanan “aku tidak boleh”, “pantang
nampak” dan “hari ini sahaja”.
yang berminyak/ bergoreng. • Jangan selalu hadiahkan diri
anda dengan cheat day. Jika
• Kurangkan ambil protein yang tidak, perlulah dibalas semula.

berlemak.

• Amalkan minum air putih dan

makan clean food sentiasa.

• Banyak dan kerapkan

pengambilan sayur-sayuran

dan buah-buahan.

• Melakukan aktiviti fizikal

seperti jogging, senamrobik

dan aktiviti ringan yang

mengeluarkan peluh (seorang

atau berkumpulan) dan ikut

kemampuan diri.

Sungai Menyala Forest Trail, Port Dickson 2019 -
25KM

Hiking Gunung Nuang - 2019 Artikel ini disumbangkan oleh:

MOHD RIDZWAN BIN MOHD NOH

Penguasa Kastam, Gred WK41
Bahagian Pengurusan Pematuhan, Ibu Pejabat

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