UDS Final Report

PAUSE in Kampong Bharu

Beautiful Cities, Good Experience

DESIGN REPORT School of Architecture, Building and Design
KB.TH City College Master of Architecture
Urban Design Studio | ARC70109
Tourism & Hospitality City College Jason Yap Chi Wen 0342976

01 CONTENT INTRODUCTION
CONTENT
INTRODUCTION URBAN THEORY

01 SITE ANALYSIS
02 MACRO SITE ANALYSIS OF KAMPONG BHARU
03 DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
04 SUPPORTING ARTICLES / LITERATURES
PROBLEM STATEMENT
05 URBAN PRINCIPLES
PRECEDENT STUDIES
06 MASSING DEVELOPMENT
DESIGN STRATEGIES & WORKING DRAWINGS
07 MASTER PLAN
SITE PLAN
GROUND, FIRST, SECOND, THIRD FLOOR PLAN
SECTION A-A, B-B (LONGITUDINAL & LATITUDINAL)
BLOW-UP FAÇADE DETAIL
ELEVATION (NORTH, EAST, SOUTH, WEST)
PERSPECTIVES
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
SITE INTRODUCTION
SITE ENVIRONMENT
GIZMO PROPOSAL
MATERIAL SELECTION
FIRE FIGHTING PRINCIPLES
FIRE HYDRANT LOCATIONS
BOMBA ACCESS
MEANS OF ESCAPE
LIFT & SERVICE CORE
FIRE EVACUATION
PASSIVE CLIMATE DESIGN
WATER SUPPLY AND RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM

02 URBAN THEORY To address this, I would like to propose a strategy known as “beautiful cities, good
experiences” by Jan Gehl (2010). He states that “important aspects of city space must be
RE-INVIGORATE THE URBANISIM IN KAMPONG BHARU interwoven into a convincing whole”. Practical concerns for users' needs merge seamlessly
with concern for detail and totality without interfering with the inevitable and necessary
Design Intention transformations of a city. A place where the human factors are met and transform the spaces
Tourism and Hospitality City College in Kampong Bharu, Kuala Lumpur into living space; here is where people want to be.

The establishment and development in Kampong Bharu have been ‘planned’ from the Figure 1: Green Cities in (Batavia’s River Street) and (Seattle's South Lake Union)
beginning, although the plan was refined over time. But due to the community in Kampong Tree, landscaping, and flowers play a key role among all elements in city space (Jan Gehl,
Bharu's fear of losing its Malay identity and landowners' unwillingness to undertake 2010, 179). The users experience is important in urban design and the experience must
redevelopment plan causes a slow, and undeveloped heritage town. Faludi's exponent enable the sense of cooling, comfort by walking through the site. Through providing more
Wickham emphasized that "Integral to the spirit of the good city is social life and public, its greens does make the site comfortable and give users to enjoy the positive aspect of weather
gaiety, zest and the capacity for intermingling… a place for celebration and public and use the street actively and lively (Jan Gehl, 2011, p179).
'happenings', a place of exaltation and exuberance of the human spirit, for relaxation and Gordon Gullen (1961) elaborates on the concept of “sense of place” with how a characteristic
enjoyment, for rich and easy encounter. It must not be simply utilitarian and functional" visual expression contributes to giving a feeling of a sense of place and through this inspire
(Wickham, 1987). people to be in a place. In addition to independent work with space and details, it is often
possible to make significant quality improvements if a city space is designed to highlight
With the statement above, here marked the contrast of socio-economic physical development special qualities at the site. New and attractive combinations are possible when city space can
between the landscape and urban fabric of Kampong Bharu and these modern areas, thus be linked directly to urban street furniture when contact with parks, flowers, and landscaping
necessitating a re-invigorate of the urban of Kampong Bharu to be at par not better than its can be ensured when spaces can be oriented perfectly in terms of the local climate.
towering neighbours.
Figure2: Pockets of Peace in the Urban Jungle by TRX in Tun Razak
Therefore, this urban theory paper offering a journey of deeper exploration and discovery in A study was done by TRX shown that a connection to public areas and nature that spur social
Kampong Bharu re-invigoration by applying the urban design and architectural strategies in interaction is vital for the well-being and health of city-dwellers. Kuala Lumpur’s (KL) green
preserving the local culture whilst supporting local community and tourism activities. Through lungs cover approximately a third of the city, a proportion comparable to London, and better
the awareness, understanding of urban spaces and underlying urban patterns strategies to than Paris, New York, Paris, Shanghai, or Tokyo. Think City Programme Director, Lee Jia Ping
strengthen the cultural heritage and historical identity in Kampong Bharu. explained that "Planting more trees and increasing green spaces create better quality of
spaces not just in terms of heat reduction but in terms of air quality on the street level.”.
Kampong is an urban heritage site is located right in the heart of Kuala Lumpur Bharu
(3.1631° N, 101.7062° E), and it is separated from the Kuala Lumpur skyscrapers by the
AKLEH highway. In addition, the vast contrast in scale between the tall buildings and low-rise
residential housing contributes to the community in Kampong Bharu feel disconnected and
disoriented, thus contributing to the negative user’s experience in the urban environment
there. Kampong Bharu is a top-down initiative from its beginning. It consists of 7 villages and
a land size of 220 acres. The story of Kampong Bharu begins in the early 1900s. His Royal
Highness, the Sultan of Selangor, granted the land to the Malays under a special condition
that only the Malays could own the land and reside in the area. Kampong Bharu is surrounded
by a low-rise oasis of traditional Malay houses and commercial buildings.

Urban Theory
Beautiful Cities, Good Experiences (Cities for People, Jan Gehl, 2010)

Gosling and Maitland (1984) state that urban design is typically defined in terms of
architecture and town planning. With the emergence of Pandemic Covid-19 arise since
November 2019 (WHO, 2020), it is important for the design to re-thinking the urban plan and
for our cities. It is an opportunity to reshape our life, cities, and environment (Ar. Mustapha,
2020). Therefore, to re-invigorate a city, a concern for visual quality must include all urban
elements.

Good cities at eye level provide opportunities for walking, staying, meeting, and expression,
and that means it must provide good scale and good climate to the users. (Jan Gehl, 2010).
Common to these desired objectives and quality requirements is that they deal with physical
and practical matters. City space can be designed so that all practical requirements are met,
but randomly combined details, materials, and colours rob it of visual coordination.

02 URBAN THEORY The sense of place is important for an urban city. Trees and landscaping playing an important
role in the city spaces. It is one of the most effective and low maintenance to transforming the
RE-INVIGORATE THE URBANISIM IN KAMPONG BHARU urban environment and launching a social strategy aimed at instilling visual pleasure and joy
of living urban spaces (Taut, 1919). With the strategy of trees and landscaping, it helps the
Figure 3: “PAUSE for Placemaking” by Gehl Architect Kampong Bharu cleanse the air, providing better visuality, and works as sun shading devices
A beautiful city with good experiences for the meeting is essentially a city with good to keep Kampong Bharu from excess heat gain to the urban. By providing greeneries as
opportunities for three basic human activities: hearing, talking, and seeing (Jan Gehl, 2010, strategies aspect to the urban place, it gives the public and users a better experience.
p148). Meeting in city space take place on many levels. Passive contact, opportunities to Therefore, the street and spaces will actively use by the public which will make the college
simply hear and see in life in the city represents an unpretentious and no obligating form of become a lively urban college. Here the quality of the situation, weather, and site are decisive
contact. To see and be seen in the simplest and by far the most widespread form of meeting (Jan Gehl, 2010).
between people. The three basic human activities affect to user’s behaviour either they just
pass by the space, short stay, or longer stay in the urban space. Moreover, having an urban space integrated with urban greens allows activities to take place
There is inherent potential in working with aesthetic and visual elements. For people walking in the urban spaces. Every type of activity takes place in public space, and the pressure of
through the beautiful city, organized space, carefully planned details, and genuine materials external necessity means that the quality of city space has no great bearing on city life (Jan
provide valuable experiences on their own merits and as a valuable extra layer to the other Gehl, 2010, p134). The quality of urban spaces is essential to Kampong Bharu in more
qualities, the city has to offer. A beautiful and good experience should provide in the cities for prosperous cities. Through the urban spaces allows community and tourist activities to take
the users. With the statement by Jan Gehl (2010), many people walking through as a transition place and this does give the feeling to the user by inviting them to stay at Kampong Bharu.
point does not mean a good city. Conversely, it can be claimed that a city with many people The urban spaces functioned as both moving activities and stationary activities spaces. Where
not walking often indicates good city quality. A place that could make people stop and stay this makes the urban space flexible with its function and allows to make changes anytime
within the site can because of its quality and gave the public an inviting feeling to the site. when necessary to Kampong Bharu.
Critical Reflection of Urban Theory
Kampong Bharu's central problem relating to a cultural and urban aspect of “sense of place” Conclusion
is subjective to nature. Carmona (2003) mentions that people from a similar cultural
background or from within a similar value system could find a shared cultural identity that is Re-invigorate the urbanism of Kampong Bharu through “Beautiful Cities and Good
expressible as “a sense of place”. Kampong Bharu can be clearly seen that during the day and experiences” would be beneficial as it is a site that rich in urban greens and street furniture
afternoon time, fewer users will be seen at the street during the daytime, especially during the that give the community and tourist a nice view at eye level, much comfortable experience
afternoon. The urban place of Kampong Bharu is not strong due to lacks greenery and walking on street, and place to stop down to have activities.
shading devices causing fewer users to use the street under a hot temperature on street.
Creating an urban green space for Kampong Bharu will create a new image as well as
Figure 4: Proposed Urban Green Street and Street Furniture strengthen the visual and tactile qualities of its urban design. Giving attractive, comfortable,
and user-friendly spaces make unique green spaces allowing the Kampong Bharu community
and tourists to have a place to gather, meet, and celebrate the activities. By introducing urban
green spaces, it will diversify the experiences in the Kampong Bharu and stimulate both
community and tourist for a more active life and this help in re-invigorate the urbanism of
Kampong Bharu through the theory by Jan Gehl (2010) “Beautiful cities, good experience”.

References

Batavia River Street. Altamanu. (n.d.). http://www.altamanu.com/featured/batavia-river-street.

Bharu, K. (2017). Published online: 29 December 2017: Halimaton Saadiah Hashim, Sarah Aziz and Nik
Mohd Ruiz Razy. 2017. Urban revitalisation for a city’s soul: The case of Kampong Bharu. 35, 119–140.

Gehl, J. (2010). The City at Eye Level. In Cities for people. essay, Island Press.

Gehl, J. (2011). Life between buildings: using public space. Island Press. (2014, March 31).
PAUSE For Placemaking. The Architect's Newspaper.
https://www.archpaper.com/2014/03/pause-for-placemaking/.

Pockets of Peace in the Urban Jungle. Tun Razak Exchange. (2019, March 4).
https://www.trx.my/city/pockets-peace-urban-jungle.
Vulcan Real Estate. Vulcan Real Estate - Home. (n.d.). https://vulcanrealestate.com/.

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

KAMPONG BHARU, KUALA LUMPUR

SITE PLAN SCALE N.T.S LOCATION PLAN SCALE N.T.S

KAMPONG BHARU AS A MALAY AGRICULTURAL SETTLEMENT

Located right in the heart of Kuala Lumpur, Kampung Baru is a top-down initiative from its beginning. This means that the establishment and development of Kampong
Baru had been “planned” from the beginning, although the plan was refined over time. The story of Kampong Bharu begins in the early 1900s. His Royal Highness, the
Sultan of Selangor, granted the land to the Malays under a special condition that only the Malays could own the land and reside in the area.
Kampung Bharu consists of 7 villages and with the land size of 220 acres. The Malay Agricultural Settlement (MAS) was introduced by the British later on so as to
educate the children of Malays to take a part in the administration and to enable them to reap some of the advantages of the present prosperity. Since then Kampung
Baru has held out against development and modern-city living, turning into a political symbol of Malay culture.

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

TIMELINE

HISTORY OF KAMPONG BHARU

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS WIND DIRECTION

CLIMATE ANALYSIS

SUN PATH

Only Jalan Raja Alang and Jalan Raja Muda Musa have vegetation shading The impact of Southwest Monsoon (June - September) has greatly increased
while most of the areas are not shaded or covered causing the street directly the rainfall around Klang valley, eventually causing flood at lowland areas
exposed to a Mean Daily Temperature of 30°C. across West side of Sungai Bunus. (Ayala.D et al, 2020)
Kampung Bharu being a low-rise compact residential area surrounded by high-
rise buildings has increased the tendency of trapping warmer air during Meanwhile, The impact of Northeast Monsoon (Decemeber - March) is
daytime. (Zaki.A.S et al, 2020) mitigated by series of mountains along Pahang subsequently causing lesser
rainfall and lower air humidity during the monsoon period.

FLOOD

Kampong Bharu is prone to floods due to the naturally low river bank elevation,
in addition to being in between two rivers, Sungai Gombak and Sungai Bunus.

The flood issue has been actively concerning the government for its frequently
happening since 2018. In the history, the most disastrous flood happened in
1971 followed by 2007 which caused by continuous downpour over the week.

MALAY HOUSES

Traditional Malay Houses are built on top of stilt, elevating living spaces from
water during flooding events. In Kampung Bharu, few Traditional Malay Houses
on stilt can be seen across 7 villages which strengthened the characteristic as a
Malay settlement. Many houses have been renovated or rebuild as modern
terrace house using bricks and mortar construction having higher embodied
energy compared to timber construction houses. However, they are still
preserving double roof design to facilitate stack effect, subsequently promote
air exchange to reduce indoor air temperature.

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

URBAN WALL STUDY

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

URBAN WALL STUDY

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

URBAN WALL STUDY

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

SERIAL VISION

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

DEMOGRAPHICS

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

DEMOGRAPHICS

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

PESTLE ANALYSIS

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

PESTLE ANALYSIS

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

NODES AND ACTIVITIES

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

LANDMARKS

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

DISTRICT

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

EDGES

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

FIGURE GROUND

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

PATH

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

ACTIVITIES

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

ACTIVITIES

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

LANDMARKS

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

CULTURE

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

CULTURE

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

LAND USE

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

ACCESSBILITY

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

VEHICULAR TRAFFIC DENSITY

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

VEHICULAR TRAFFIC DENSITY

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

VEHICULAR TRAFFIC DENSITY

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

STREET SECTION

03 URBAN SITE ANALYSIS

STREET SECTION

03 MICRO ANALYSIS

SITE B, KAMPONG BHARU

SITE ACCESS POINT ENVIRONMENTAL (NATURAL SUNLIGHT)

SITE LOCATED RIGHT NEXT TO MAIN ROAD AND SUB ROAD. IT IS EASY TO ACCESS FROM EXPOSED UNDER THE SUN MOST OF THE TIME DURING DAY TIME. DUE TO
ANY DIRECTION OF ROAD SURROUNDING BUILDINGS ARE LOW-RISE

ENVIRONMENTAL (WIND) VIEWS

SITE GET FULL NATURAL VENTILATED WIND FROM THE BOTH NORTHEAST MONSOON PROMINENT VIEW FROM SITE. VIEW TOWARDS KL SKYSCRAPER, SULTAN SULAIMAN CLUB
AND SOUTHWEST MONSOON

04 DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

WHAT’S THE DIFFERENT OF COLLEGE & UNVERSITY?

04 DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

WHAT IS HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM?

04 DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

SUPPORTING ARTICLES / LITERATURES

04 DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

PROBLEM STATEMENT

What types of architecture approach suites the best for Kampong Bharu while it is developing into
an urban kampong with translating the atmosphere, culture & historical identity?

How does the institution reflect to the Kampong Bharu’s environment? 1
How does the institution reflect to the Kampong Bharu connection? 2
How does the institution reflect to the Kampong Bharu values? 3

04 DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

WHAT MAKES A GREAT PLACE?

04 DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

URBAN PRINCIPLES

04 PRECEDENT STUDY 01

ISENBERG SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT BUSINESS INNOVATION HUB

Isenberg School Of Management Business Innovation Hub

Architects: Bjarke Ingels Group

Area: 6500 m2

Year: 2019

The expansion on the Isenberg School of Management
in Amherst, Massachussetts, in the USA, by BIG and
Goody Clancy, is a loop built out of copper-plated
steel trusses.

The School of Management building on the
Massachussetts University campus required
expansion, and the architects of BIG and Goody
Clancy came up with a round building with a spiral-
shaped floor plan. The building not only contains
new study rooms but connects the top floors with
the lower floors of the old building constructed in
1964, creating a big hall for students on the ground
floor.

04 PRECEDENT STUDY 01

ISENBERG SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT BUSINESS INNOVATION HUB

04 PRECEDENT STUDY 01 Material Mainly Use in this Building
ALUCOIL produces advanced materials for various building applications, and
ISENBERG SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT BUSINESS INNOVATION HUB offers an extensive range of high-quality exterior coatings. ALUCOIL's Larson
composite panels are an exterior architectural wall cladding panel made ideal for
ventilated, semi-ventilated, and air-tight facades. Larson composite panels are
strong and flexible to protect structures from exterior environmental conditions.

Use : Exterior wall cladding

Applications : Architectural ceilings and façades

Characteristics : Composite panels, cost-effective, durable

Sizes : Panel thickness 3 / 4 / 6 mm Length from 2000 mm to 14000
mm

Width : 1000-1250-1500 mm

Product Benefits
• Great formability and strength-to-weight ratio
• Cost-effective
• Corrosion resistant
• Design flexibility
• Outstanding adherence
• Solid colours with metallic or non-metallic finish
• Chance of matching any colour from the RAL chart
• Metal Range
• Stainless steel composite panel
• Copper composite panel
• Brass composite panel
• Zinc composite panel

04 PRECEDENT STUDY 02

AMS NEST

AMS Nest B+H Architects, DIALOG
Architects: 11700 m2
Area: 2015
Year:

“DIALOG and B+H Architects collaboratively translate student-driven
design ideas into AMS Nest, setting the benchmark for publicly engaged
design with this new, sustainable centre.

The outcome of this heavily collaborative process is a sustainable,
democratic hub and campus center piece that serves as a testament to
student life and engagement while establishing a new standard for
contemporary, institutional design.

“Students from all over the world attend UBC. It was incredibly important for
us that the built space be meaningful and comfortable; a space that would
create a sense of place for the students and improve the quality of life on
campus through design,” explains Joost Bakker, leader of the joint DIALOG
and B+H efforts.

04 PRECEDENT STUDY 02

AMS NEST

Sustainable building features include a
high-performance cladding system
and triple glazing to ensure low energy
consumption, resulting in the SUB
using a fraction of the energy of a
conventional building. A high-
performance solar roof produces
energy and heat, as well as cooling.

04 PRECEDENT STUDY 02

AMS NEST

Ensuring it would remain future-proof was a

priority and many aspects of the design are

moveable, reconfigurable, de/re-

constructible systems to allow flexibility to

respond to short-term changes (hours, days,

months, etc). Durable materials and non-

prescriptive elements allow for adaptation to

occur over longer timescales. The skilful

combination of the two provides a robust and

nimble capacity to respond to the challenges

of designing for unknowable futures.

04 PRECEDENT STUDY 02

AMS NEST

04 PRECEDENT STUDY 03

UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI HEALTH SCIENCES BUILDING

University of Cincinnati Health Sciences Building
Architects: Perkins & Will
Area: 110000 ft2
Year: 2019

Set back from the street to create connections with other campus buildings, the crescent-
shaped building curves around a 1.5-acre forecourt. Classrooms and balconies
overlook a four-story atrium in a functional learning environment on the medical quad.
Transparent work areas remind visitors of the program’s mission of service and active
learning.

Adds Vince Terry, regional director for Moody Nolan’s Cincinnati office: “Being able to
provide the architectural design support while quickly adapting to the changing
needs required in the face of COVID-19, were key drivers in developing new standards
in higher education with this project.”

04 PRECEDENT STUDY 03

UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI HEALTH SCIENCES BUILDING

Sustainable building features include a high-performance cladding system
and triple glazing to ensure low energy consumption, resulting in the SUB
using a fraction of the energy of a conventional building. A high-
performance solar roof produces energy and heat, as well as cooling.

04 PRECEDENT STUDY 03

UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI HEALTH SCIENCES BUILDING