PPG210E : GENERAL SCIENCE TEACHING METHOD SEMESTER I 2023/2024
TABLE OF CONTENT 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 Introduction Background Issues Objectives Methodology Results & Findings Conclusion Timeframe Activities Rubrics RolesofMembers References Discussion Reflections
SDG 6 focuses on ensuring a clean and stable water supply and effective water sanitation for all people by the year 2030. The goal is a reaction to the fact that many people throughout the world lack these basic services. Access to safe water, sanitation, and hygiene is the most basic human need for health and wellbeing. Water demand is rising owing to rapid population growth, urbanization, and increasing water needs from the agriculture, industry, and energy sectors. IINNTTRROODDUUCCTTIIOONN Half the world’s population is already experiencing severe water scarcity at least one month a year. Water scarcity is projected to increase with the rise of global temperatures as a result of climate change. To get back on track, key strategies include increasing sectorwide investment, promoting innovation and evidence-based action, and adopting a more integrated and holistic approach to water management.
Water is essential not only to health but also to poverty reduction, food security, peace and human rights, ecosystems, and education. Ensuring that everyone has access to sustainable water and sanitation services is a critical climate change mitigation strategy for the years ahead. Without better infrastructure and management, millions of people will continue to die every year from water-related diseases such as malaria and diarrhea, and there will be further losses in biodiversity and ecosystem resilience, undermining prosperity and efforts toward a more sustainable BBAACCKKGGRROOUUNNDD SAVEWATER
ISSUE HIGH WATER WASTAGE RATE DEPENDENCY ON WATER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT WATER POLLUTION Rates of water wastage in industrial, agricultural, and domestic use are very high, and this is unsustainable in the long term Some Malaysians are even getting free water. When a resource is cheap and readily available, they don’t have a sense of responsibility towards conserving water. Use around 210 liters of water per person per day, resulting in approximately 50 liters of water waste (per person per day). To fulfil increasing demand, Malaysia's water management system mainly relies on supply-oriented strategies, however this approach offers long-term issues With a population expected to reach 40 million by 2030, factors like urbanization, industrialization, and climate change contribute to rising water demand The industrial sector accounts for 22% of total water demand, while agriculture, representing 73% Water pollution in Malaysia had a severe problem, which harmed the sustainability of water resources. Example in the year 2019, toxic chemical pollution in the Kim River in Pasir Gudang (Johor), which disrupts the water supply to around 20,000 households There were 160 cases of river pollution reported in which enforcement was taken during the Movement Control Order (MCO) period from March 18 to May 4, 2020
Water scarcity WATER WOES IN MALAYSIA Water scarcity in Africa is predicted to reach dangerously high levels by 2025 when it is estimated that about two-thirds of the world's population may suffer from fresh water shortage. The main causes of water scarcity in Africa are physical and economic scarcity, rapid population growth, and climate change. It is challenging and costly for someone to get fresh water. Those with money have access to fresh water. For years, if not decades, people in Kelantan have been complaining about the state’s poor water quality. Indeed, according to the environment and water minister, only 71.7% of the 1.7 million people residing in Kelantan have access to a clean water supply. Citizens found their taps running with dirty brown water, colored like Malaysia’s favourite beverage. Worse still is that people exposed to the polluted water have come down with skin diseases. Reliance on water vending machines is growing, but accessibility issues arise as machines are often distant from homes, posing challenges for the elderly and disabled. Concerns about the water's quality and limited duration of supply have led some users to choose more expensive bottled mineral water.
ENSURE AVAILABILITY AND SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF WATER AND SANITATION FOR ALL. IMPROVING ACCESS TO ADEQUATE SANITATION FACILITIES RAISING AWARENESS ABOUT CLEAN WATER IS CRUCIAL TO ADDRESSING THE CHALLENGES OUTLINED IN SDG 6 PROMOTING PROPER HYGIENE PRACTICES OOBBJJEECCTTIIVVEE
There were two methods used to complete this research: 1. Google Form 2. Literature Sources MMEETTHHOODDOOLLOOGGYY
Google Form Objective: To comprehensively understand public perspectives on SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation). Implementation: Utilized Google Form with a dual-purpose approach: Public Knowledge Assessment: Included questions probing understanding of SDG 6 components, significance of clean water and sanitation, and general knowledge about the Sustainable Development Goals. Public Opinion on Implementation: Addressed opinions on the progress and effectiveness of SDG 6 initiatives, exploring perceived successes, challenges, and the overall impact.
According to the pie chart, among 30 respondents, 53.3% is female and 46.7% is male. Based on the pie chart above, among the 30 respondents, 93.3% are 18 to 25 years old and the rest are below 18 years old and 26 to 30 years old. Based on the pie chart above, among the 30 respondents, the majority which is 93.3% are Malays and the rest are Chinese and Indian. Demography Findings : Google Form
Based on the pie chart above, among the 30 respondents, 66.7% of the respondents live in urban areas and 33.3% of the respondents live in rural areas. By looking at the pie chart above, we can conclude that 100% of the respondents are students.
According to the pie chart, 100% of the respondents think that clean water is very important in our community. In the first question, we know that 100% of the respondents have access to clean water. Findings : Google Form Questionnare
Based on the pie chart above, 26.7% of the respondents strongly agree with the statement, while 30.0% agree, 33.3% not sure and 10% do not agree. Based on the pie chart above, 50.0% of the respondents strongly agree with the statement, while 30.0% agree, 16.7% not sure and the rest strongly disagree. Based on the pie chart above, 53.3% of the respondents strongly agree with the statement, while 30.3% agree and 13.3% not sure.
Based on the pie chart above, 56.7% of the respondents strongly agree with the statement, while 30% agree and 13.3% are not sure. According to the pie chart, 90% of the respondents got the answer right. According to the pie chart, 93.3% of the respondents got the answer right.
According to the pie chart, 83.3% of the respondents got the answer right.
Objective: Provide a robust theoretical foundation and context for SDG 6 analysis. Implementation: Conducted an extensive literature review encompassing scholarly articles, reports, and studies related to SDG 6. Explored global efforts, challenges faced in achieving clean water and sanitation, and successful case studies. Literature Sources
AACCTTIIVVIITTYY 11:: WWAASSTTEE AAUUDDIITT Objective: To promote awareness about responsible waste management and to encourage participants to analyze and implement sustainable waste reduction strategies to have a hygiene lifestyle. Procedure: 1) Formation of teams -Each class will participate and become a team 2) Audit planning -Teams plan their audit strategy, deciding on the scope 3) Waste collection -Start collect the waste such as food waste and recycling waste from the area that they want 4) Sorting and weighing -Sort the type of waste and weigh them 5) Data recording -Record the data taken 6) Analysis -Teams analyze the data to identify trends 7) Presentation -Teams present their findings Duration: 1 week
AACCTTIIVVIITTYY 22:: RRAAIINNWWAATTEERR HHAARRVVEESSTTIINNGG Objective: To encourage participants to design and implement effective rainwater harvesting systems that can be used for non-potable purposes within the school, such as watering gardens, flushing toilets, or other relevant applications. Duration: 3 weeks Procedure: 1) Formation of teams -STEM class will be participated 2) Design and planning -Teams create a detailed plan for their rainwater harvesting system by utilizing the existing rainwater harvesting technology. 3) System installation -Teams install their rainwater harvesting systems 4) Water collection -Students collect the rainwater 5) Testing -Teams conduct water quality tests 6) Documentation -Teams maintain detailed documentation of their rainwater harvesting system
RRUUBBRRIICC RRAAIINNWWAATTEERR HHAARRVVEESSTTIINNGG WWAASSTTEE AAUUDDIITT
DISCUSSION To summarize, most of the respondent between 28 until 25 years old that are currently a student and mostly live in urban areas get access to clean water. As for their opinion, all of them think clean water is very important in our community. Most of them believe that there are numerous hurdles to completing SDG 6. They also agree that ensuring universal access to safe and affordable drinking water is crucial for achieving SDG 6 and promoting overall human well-being. Most of them agree that improving access to adequate sanitation facilities and promoting proper hygiene practices are essential steps toward achieving SDG 6 and fostering healthier communities. The statement state that empowering local communities and promoting community involvement in water-related decision-making processes are crucial for the successful implementation of SDG 6 and achieving sustainable water management also get the majority agreement. Besides that, based on the results obtained, around 90% of the respondent manage to conserve water in their daily life by collecting rainwater for exterior use. They think that individuals can contribute to the realization of SDG 6 by participating in community clean-up initiatives. There are 83.3% of the respondent know that the main threat to water supply is from agriculture.
Activity 2: Rainwater Harvesting Activity 1: Waste Audit DISCUSSION Student should be able to aware about responsible waste management. It can be achieved through this activity as the student get to collect the waste and categorize it based on their finding. Other that that, they are able to analyze and implement sustainable waste reduction strategies to have a hygiene lifestyle. It is very important to reduce waste to lower the rate of water wastage and prevent water pollution. Student should be able to design and implement effective rainwater harvesting systems that can be used for non-potable purposes within the school, such as watering gardens, flushing toilets, or other relevant applications. It is an effective way because the student able to share their views and knowledge on how can they harvest the rainwater optimally. After that, they can try to harvest the rainwater by using the system they have installed. By conducting water quality test, student get to create a way to improve the rainwater harvesting system to collect more quality water. Beside from enhance student’s critical thinking, this activity can help the water supply management by lowering the demand of water supply.
Important to get access to safe water, sanitation, and hygiene (health and well-being) Student should be aware of how critical water condition in Malaysia and learn to manage it. Therefore, by focusing on SDG 6: Clean water and sanitation, we purposed Activity 1 and Activity 2 -Ensure availability and sustainable management of water sanitation for all -Improving access to adequate sanitation facilities and promoting proper hygiene practices Raising awareness about clean water is crucial to addressing the challenges outlined in SDG 6. CONCLUSION
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