E-BOOK TRANSPORTATION

NAME : SHAFIYYUR RAHMAN RAMADHAN BIN SAADON
NO MATRIC : 29DUP21F1026

LAND (RAIL) TABLE OF CONTENT AIR

Train Airline
LRT Helicopter
Commuter Air Ballon
Cable Car Rocket

LAND (ROAD) WATER

Taxi Cruise
Limousine Ferry
Express Bus Boat
Rental Car Barge
Tourist Coach Sailboat
Trishaw Dinghy
Motorcycle
Bicycle
Pedestrian

INTR(OLADNUDC)TION

tTrraaninspisoartspeerioepsloefocrofnreniegchtted vehicles that run along a railway track and

Passengers and cargo are carried in railroad cars
Trains are an evolution of wheeled wagons running on stone wagonways
Tprraoipneilslepdromviudletidplbeyuansitesparate locomotive or from individual motors in self-

HISTORY

The first train arrived in the year 1804. Over a 10-mile span, it was able to

convey 25 tonnes of iron and 70 people. Throughout history, trains have


been powered by steam, electricity, and diesel fuel.

FUNCTION

A train is a collection of connected vehicles that travel along a railway

track, transporting people or freight.

EXAMPLE

ORGANIZATION

Keretapi Tanah Melayu
Rapid Rail
Express Rail Link

INTRODUCTION LRT FUNCTION

Light rail transit (LRT) is a type of
Light rail, also known as light rail transit

passenger urban rail transit that
(LRT), is a type of urban rail public

combines tram and metro
transportation that has a lesser capacity

characteristics. and speed than heavy rail and metro

systems, but a higher capacity and speed

HISTORY than traditional tram systems.

The first LRT line, dubbed
WHO OWNS LRT IN MALAYSIA?
STAR LRT after its owner, was
PRASARANA MALAYSIA
built and fully operational in

1998. Sentul Timur – Ampang
WHO MADE LRT MALAYSIA?
and Sentul Timur – Sri
PROJEK USAHASAMA TRANSIT RINGAN

Petaling were the two routes

served by the original system,
AUTOMATIK
which had 36 stations.

CABLE CAR

INTRODUCTION HISTORY

The vehicles were pulled by an unending cable In 1873, Andrew Smith Hallidie invented the cable
that ran in a slot between the rails and passed car in San Francisco. For over 30 years, Hallidie's
through the powerhouse's steam-driven shaft. cable car system, which was modelled after early
mine conveyance systems, dominated the city's
FUNCTION transit landscape.

A cable car is a type of public transportation OWNER :
cable railway in which train cars are dragged at LANGKAWI DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY
a steady speed by a continuously moving
cable. By releasing and holding this CARRIER CAPAC
ITY: 6 PERSON
connection as needed, individual autos can
stop and start.

HISTORY INTRODUCTION

Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad
Commuter rail, often known as

operates the KTM Komuter, an
suburban rail, is a passenger rail

electrified commuter train
service that usually operates inside a

service. It was first developed in
metropolitan region, connecting

1995 to serve commuters in
commuters from nearby suburbs or

Kuala Lumpur and the
commuter towns to a central

neighbouring suburban
metropolis.
districts, and it is now a popular

method of transportation for
FUNCTION
Kuala Lumpur commuters.
Commuters into the city prefer it

COMMUTER since it allows them to avoid being

stuck in traffic.

TAXI COMPANIES TAXI

HISTORY IN MALAYSIA

In 1897, Gottlieb Daimler created the Daimler
Laluan Em
as Sdn Bhd
Victoria, the world's first specialised taxi. The

cab was equipped with a taxi metre that had
Sunlight Radio Cab
just been invented. The Daimler Victoria taxi
RB Premier Taxi Sdn Bhd
was delivered to Friedrich Greiner, a Stuttgart Innvasi Timur orange taxi cab
businessman who founded the world's first
Uptownace (m) Sdn Bhd
motorised taxi firm, on June 16, 1897. Insan Lemak Sdn Bhd

FUNCTION

A taxi, often known as a cab or a taxicab, is a

form of rental vehicle with a driver that is

typically employed by a single passenger or

small group of passengers for a non-shared

ride. A taxicab transports customers to and

from their desired place.

LIMOUSINE

INTRODUCTION

A limousine is a large luxury vehicle having a

barrier between the driver's and passenger's

compartments that is driven by a chauffeur.

HISTORY

The limousine may be traced back to the 1700s,

when the well-to-do were transported in lavishly

decorated horse-drawn carriages. The word

"limousine" is said to have originated in the

Limousin area of France.

LIMOUSINE SERVICE IN MALAYSIA :

deluxe limousine
stoneaway limousine sdn bhd
miles limo service
private chauffeur service

RENTAL CAR

INTRODUCTION

A car rental agency, often known as a rent-a-car (in

British English, car hire), is a business that hires

automobiles for a price for short periods of time

(varying from a few hours to a few weeks).

HISTORY

The first documented instance of autos being rented

dates from 1906. Sixt Autofahrten und Selbstfahrer,

a German firm, was founded in 1912 under the name

Sixt Autofahrten und Selbstfahrer (Sixt Car Cruises

and Self Drivers).

CAR RENTAL SERVICES IN MALAYSIA :

ARA Car Rental
Avis Car Rental Malaysia
KLEZCAR Travel & Tours
EdgeRent
Grandpride Car Rental

EXPRESS BUS

INTRODUCTION

Express buses run on a tighter schedule than regular

buses since they don't make as many stops and often

use shorter routes, such as along highways or on

dedicated lanes or motorways.

FUNCTION

Express bus service is a fixed route that picks up

passengers from suburban park-and-ride facilities and

transports them to a central city location. On a

Monday through Friday, peak commuter time

schedule, this transportation service is usually

available for longer-distance travels.

BUS OPERATOR IN MALAYSIA :
Sani Express La holiday

Darul iman express Transnasional

Adik Beradik Express

Ekpress mutiara

Billion Stars

TOURIST COACH

HISTORY FACILITIES PROVIDE

In the early twentieth century, trucks were
Fully air-conditioned tour buses with all essential

transformed to provide a means of sightseeing
audio and visual equipment, adjustable / reclining

within great American cities, and thus the history
seats, and arm and head rests.
of the tourist bus in North America started. In 1910,

the main touring companies began operations.

FUNCTION

A tour coach service is an escorted tour (also

referred to as a package holiday) or a bus service

that transports tourists around tourist locations.

TRISHAW

INRTRODUCTION TYPES OF TRISHAW

A rickshaw was initially a two- or three-wheeled
A pulled trishaw; a two-wheeled passenger cart

passenger cart, now referred to as a drawn
pulled by a human runner
rickshaw, that was pulled by one person and carried
A cycle trishaw, also called a pedicab
one passenger. In the year 1879, the term was first
An auto trishaw, also called a tuk-tuk, auto,

used. mototaxi, or baby taxi
An electric trishaw, also called e-trishaw.
HISTORY

In the year 1879, the term was first used. With a few

exceptions for their use in tourism, cycle rickshaws

(also known as pedicabs or trishaws), auto
rickshaws, and electric rickshaws have gradually

supplanted the old pulled rickshaws.

MOTORCYCLE

HISTORY TYPES OF MOTORCYCLE

Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach
Sportbikes
invented the first gasoline-powered bikes in
Dual Sport Motorcycles
1885. Motorcycles were initially marketed to
Touring And Sport Touring Motorcycles
the general public in 1894, with the German-
Standard Or Naked Motorcycles
made Hildebrand & Wolfmüller being the first
Cruiser Motorcycles
model sold. Adventure Motorcycles
Retro Motorcycles
FUNCTIONS Scooters

Long-distance travel, commuting, cruising,

sport (including racing), and off-road riding all

necessitate a variety of motorcycle designs.

BICYCLE

HISTORY

Karl von Drais, a German aristocrat, produced the first

important development, a steerable, two-wheeled

contraption, in 1817. Drais has been dubbed the "Father

of the Bicycle" for his early invention, which was also

called as the "velocipede," "hobby-horse," "draisine,"

and "running machine."

FUNCTION

Since their inception, bicycles have been and continue

to be used for a number of purposes. In a utilitarian

meaning, bicycles are used for transportation, bicycle

commuting, and utility cycling. Mail carriers,

paramedics, cops, messengers, and other delivery

agencies can use it as a "work horse."

TYPES OF BICYCLE Hybrid Bike
Electric Bike
Road Bike
Folding Bike
BMX

PEDESTRIAN

INTRODUCTION FUNCTION OF PEDESTRIAN

A pedestrian is someone who travels by foot,
A pedestrian is someone who walks or runs on foot.

whether they are walking or sprinting. In current
In current times, the term usually refers to
times, the term usually refers to someone walking
someone walking down a street or sidewalk,

down a street or on a sidewalk, however this was
however this was not always the case.
not always the case.

HISTORY

Walking has traditionally been the most common

mode of human transportation. Around 60,000

years ago, the first humans to migrate from Africa

walked. To get to Australia, they walked down the

Indian coast. They walked across Asia to get to the

Americas, and then into Europe via Central Asia.

FERRY

HISTORY

Small boats propelled by oars or poles were the most

frequent type of ferry at the time. They were eventually

replaced by big flatboats propelled by a sweep, a type of

long oar.

FUNCTION

A ferry is a vessel that transports people and/or cars

across a body of water on a regular basis.

FERRIES IN MALAYSIA

Penang Ferry Terminal
Cataferry
Penang Ferry Service
Langkawi Ferry
Dragon Star Shipping
Telaga Terminal
MV Goodwill Star

CRUISE

HISTORY CRUISE IN MALAYSIA

Passenger cruising dates back to the 1800s, when
Royal Caribbean
ships were mostly employed for commerce and
Sarawak River Cruise
postal transit. The New York-based Black Ball Line
SuperStar Aquarius
was the first to provide a regular and comfortable
Star Clipper
passenger service between England and North

America.

FUNCTION

Tourists can have a multi-centre vacation by taking

a cruise and spending time at several destinations

throughout their journey. Cruise ships range in size

from small yachts to megaships, and they can go

by ocean, river, or fjord.

TYPES OF CRUISE
Small Cruise Expedition Cruise

Adventure Cruise River Cruise

BOAT

HISTORY FUNCTION

Between 4000 and 3000 BC, boats were used in
Small boats can transport or deliver cargo

Sumer, ancient Egypt, and the Indian Ocean. The (lightering) from and to huge ships. Rescue and

trade between the Indus Valley Civilization and
safety functions are provided by lifeboats. Human

Mesopotamia relied heavily on boats. Various
power (e.g. rowboats), wind power (e.g. sailboats),

models of boats have also been uncovered at
and motor power can all be used to propel boats.
archaeological sites in the Indus Valley.

TYPES OF BOAT

Trawler, tug, deck boat, dingy, lifeboat, sailboat,

cuddy, pontoon, ferry, houseboat, Center Console

Boat, bass boat, bay boat, bowrider, Convertible
Fishing Boat, Dual console boat, catamaran,

inflatable boats, utility boat, and yacht are among

the 20 various types of boats (boat types).

BARGE TYPES OF BARGES

INTRODUCTION Hopper
Deck
A barge is a flat-bottomed watercraft used to convey
Tank
bulk cargo along rivers and canals. Barges were formerly
Float
towed by draught horses on a nearby towpath. Barracks

FUNCTION

A barge is a cargo-carrying vessel that is used to move

passengers or commodities along rivers or canals. These

shipping vessels are typically long, flat-bottomed boats

with no self-propelling mechanism. A barge must be

towed or towed by a tug boat.

HISTORY

Modern cargo barges, the majority of which are Dutch in

origin, are available in a range of forms. One thing that

all modern barges have in common is that they were

built to navigate in shallow water.

SAILBOAT TYPES OF SAILBOAT Schooner
Sloop
INTRODUCTION Cutter Yawl
Catboat
A sailboat, also known as a sailing boat, is a smaller
Dinghy
version of a sailing ship that is powered partially or fully
Ketch
by sails. The definitions of a sailing boat and ship differ

depending on the locale and nautical culture.

HISTORY

Sailboats generally have displacement hulls, which are

shaped in such a way that they displace water as they

travel through it. They're usually quite spherical and rely

on buoyancy to sustain their own weight. These two

elements ensure a comfortable ride.

FUNCTION

Sailing is a form of sailing in which a craft is propelled

forward by the wind acting on sails, wingsails, or kites.

Sailing has aided civilizations' development throughout

history as people sailed across oceans to settle in new

locations or trade with others.

DINGHY

INTRODUCTION

Dinghies are small sailing boats that are perfect for

novices since they are compact, stable, and

responsive on the water. They're also simple to work

with and rig.

FUNCTION

A dinghy is a small watercraft that is frequently carried

or towed by a bigger vessel as a tender. Rowboats or

outboard motors are the most common types of utility
dinghies. Some are rigged for sailing, although they

are not the same as sailing dinghies, which are built

with sailing in mind.

TYPES OF DINGHY

Adventuress.
Safety dinghy, yacht tender.
Inflatable dinghy.
Nestable dinghy on sailboat

cabin.r

INTODUCTION AIRLINE FUNCTION

A corporation that provides air
A corporation that provides air

transportation services for passengers
transportation services for passengers

and freight is known as an airline. Airlines
and freight is known as an airline. Airlines

utilise planes to provide these services,
utilise planes to provide these services,

and they may form partnerships or
and they may form partnerships or

alliances with other airlines to sell and
alliances with other airlines to sell and

operate the same flight under a
operate the same flight under a

codeshare arrangement. codeshare arrangement.

HISTORY

Airlines may operate on a scheduled or

charter basis. DELAG, a German airship

corporation, was the first airline, created

on November 16, 1909. The Netherlands'

KLM (1919), Colombia's Avianca (1919),

Australia's Qantas (1920), and the Czech

Republic's Czech Carriers are the four

oldest non-airship airlines still in

operation (1923).

HELICOPTER

INTRODUCTION FUNCTION

A helicopter is an aircraft with one or more
Transportation of people and cargo, military use,

construction, firefighting, search and rescue,

horizontal rotors, each with two or more rotor
tourism, medical transport, law enforcement,

agriculture, news and media, and aerial observation

blades, that lifts and propels it. are just a few of the applications for helicopters.

HISTORY

The VS-300, the world's first practical helicopter,


took to the air in Stratford, Connecticut on


September 14, 1939. The helicopter, designed by


Igor Sikorsky and constructed by the United Aircraft


Corporation's Vought-Sikorsky Aircraft Division,


was the first to use a single main rotor and tail rotor


configuration.
EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION
Helicopter Association
Vertical Flight


International Society

Airbus Helicopters MD Helicopters

British Helicopter Advisory Board\

AIR BALLOON EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION

HISTORY Myballoon Adventure
Teamair Balloon Sdn Bhd
Pilatre De Rozier, a scientist, released the first hot air
Skyrides Festivals Park Putrajaya
balloon, the 'Aerostat Reveillon,' on September 19,

1783. A sheep, a duck, and a rooster were among the

passengers, and the balloon stayed in the air for a total

of 15 minutes before plummeting to the earth.

FUNCTION

Hot-air ballooning is a popular recreational activity.

Many balloonists love competitive athletic events

and striving to set new records in addition to

leisurely morning or afternoon trips drifting cross-

country to enjoy the view.

TYPES OF HOT AIR BALLOON

The first is the Montgolfier balloon, which uses fire

to heat the air inside the balloon to gain lift.
The hybrid balloon, on the other hand, uses hot air

but also contains a compartment in the top for

helium or hydrogen gas.

INTRODUCTION FUNCTION

A rocket is a spacecraft, aircraft, vehicle, or
The primary purpose of space Satellites

projectile that uses a rocket engine to
and Space Shuttles are launched into

generate thrust. Rocket exhaust is entirely
space using rockets. Their enormous

made up of fuel carried by the rocket. engines allow spacecraft to be launched

into space at amazing speeds and placed

HISTORY in the proper orbit.

True rockets were first used in 1232,
ROCKET
according to historical records. At the

period, the Chinese and Mongols were at
odds with one another. During the Battle

of Kai-Keng, the Chinese used a barrage

of "flying fire arrows" to repel the Mongol

invaders.

EXAMPLE ORGANIZATION

Rocket Internet
NASA
Rocket Lab
Rocket software

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