Chapter-5-A-Healthy-Lifestyle-edit-15.11.16

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Chapter 5

A Healthy Lifestyle

Introduction

Our lifestyles today are very busy. We have family, school, sports, leisure and
social commitments to fit into a limited time. We need to be healthy to cope with the
demands of daily life. But what does it mean to have a healthy lifestyle? Read the
questions together and discuss.

1. Some people think drinking lots of water is essential for a long life. Do you
agree?

2. What two factors do you think are essential for a long and healthy life?
3. What are three things you should do if you want to keep your weight down?
4. Who does most of the cooking at home?
5. Where do you eat if you go out?
6. Do you think you have a healthy diet?
7. Do you do regular exercise?
8. Do you get enough sleep?
9. Do you smoke?
10. How has your lifestyle changed since you have been here at BRU?

Resource: http://mariegiglovesjuiceplus.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/healthy-
lifestyles-1.jpg retrieved on June 24, 2016.

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Vocabulary

Activity 1: Read the words in the box. Look up the meanings of unfamiliar words in
your dictionary.
healthy, weight, diet, regular, exercise, energetic, vitamins, minerals, constipation,
wholemeal, processed, saturates fats, fibre, cholesterol, clog up, arteries, calories,
nutrients, consume, couch potato, moderate, sedentary, depression, anxiety,
premature, accumulate

1. healthy ______________________________________
2. weight ______________________________________
3. diet ______________________________________
4. regular ______________________________________
5. exercise ______________________________________
6. energetic ______________________________________
7. moderate ______________________________________
8. vitamins ______________________________________
9. minerals ______________________________________
10. constipation ______________________________________
11. wholemeal ______________________________________
12. processed ______________________________________
13. saturated fats ______________________________________
14. fibre ______________________________________
15. cholesterol ______________________________________
16. clog up ______________________________________
17. arteries ______________________________________
18. calories ______________________________________
19. nutrients ______________________________________
20. consume ______________________________________
21. couch potato ______________________________________
22. moderate ______________________________________
23. sedentary ______________________________________
24. depression ______________________________________

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25. anxiety ______________________________________
26. premature ______________________________________
27. accumulate ______________________________________

Grammar

Collocation refers to how words go together or form fixed relationships.

A collocation is two or more words that often go together. These combinations just

sound "right" to native English speakers, who use them all the time. On the other

hand, other combinations may be unnatural and just sound "wrong". Look at these

examples:

TYPICAL COLLOCATIONS INCORRECT/

UNTYPICAL COLLOCATIONS

Examples: Examples:

heavy rain  thick rain ×
high temperature  tall temperature ×
scenic view  scenic picture ×
have an experience  do/make an experience ×
the fast train  the quick train ×
fast food 

a quick shower  quick food ×
a quick meal  a fast shower ×

a fast meal ×

Activity 2: Circle the word which makes a collocation.
1. The doctor ordered him to take regular/common exercise.
2. I always try to do my homework in the morning, after making/doing my bed.
3. I would like to spend/use my money on clothes.
4. Would you like to pay/offer by credit card?
5. She is going to do/make her research on a healthy lifestyle topic.
6. Mr John will take a lunch break and get a quick/fast meal.
7. She is fat because she loves eating quick/fast food.
8. I did not get hired because I don’t make/have an experience.

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Activity 3: Read about words that go together (collocations). Then write adjectives
from the article “A healthy diet” to go with the nouns in the list. Some nouns go with
more than one adjective.
In English there are words that are commonly used together. For example, when
speaking about health we commonly say in good health or in poor health. These
common word groups are called collocations.

1. food fresh food, junk food, fried food

2. fruit and vegetables _________________________________

3. rice _________________________________

4. bread _________________________________

5. cereal _________________________________

6. oil _________________________________

7. fats _________________________________

8. diet _________________________________

Activity 4: Look at the article “A healthy diet” again and circle the word which
makes a collocation

1. heart illness/ disease
2. junk / rubbish food
3. fast / quick food
4. the personal / human body
5. major / important illnesses
6. a deep / wide range

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Reading

Activity 5: Use scanning technique to read the article below about a healthy diet then
answer the questions.

A healthy diet will keep you looking good and feeling energetic. On the other
hand, a diet of junk food could lead to serious illnesses such as cancer and heart
disease.

A balanced diet
A well balanced diet means eating more of some foods and less of others. There
are three simple rules for a balanced diet:

1. Eat mostly fresh fruit and vegetables, wholemeal breads, cereals, grains and
legumes (dried peas and beans, lentils).

2. Eat a moderate amount of lean meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products and
unsaturated vegetables oils.

3. Eat only a small amount of sugar, saturated fats (found in butter, fatty meat,
some margarines), alcohol and salt.

Eat your greens
Food from plants such as fruit, vegetables, grains and legumes are low in fat and
provide us with a variety of vitamins and minerals. For example, orange-coloured
fruit and vegetables such as carrots and mangoes provide us with vitamin A and
citrus fruit gives us vitamin C.

Increase your fibre intake
It’s important to eat lots of fibre in your diet in order to avoid constipation and
other more serious bowel disorders. The main sources of dietry fibre are
wholegrain breads, breakfast cereals, brown rice and wholemeal pasta. Fruit and
vegetables also provide us with fibre. Replacing processed white bread with
wholegrain or wholemeal bread will increase your fibre intake.

Different kinds of fat
The saturated fats that are in butter, bacon and fatty meals are bad for your health
because they contain cholesterol that can clog up your arteries and cause heart
disease. Reduce the amount of bad fat you consume by choosing lean meals,
avoiding fried food and limiting the amount of butter and margarine you eat.
Unsaturated fats are better for your health. They can be found in some plant food
such as avocado and olives and also in fish.

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Limit your sugar and salt intake
Sugar has no food value and adds calories to your diet. It can lead to tooth decay
and weight gain. Too much salt in your diet could lead to high blood pressure.
Eat a variety of foods
In order to obtain all the nutrients the human body needs to stay healthy, it’s
important to eat a wide variety of food.
Questions:
1. What are the benefits of a healthy diet?
__________________________________________________________________
2. What could lead to serious illnesses such as cancer and heart disease?
__________________________________________________________________
3. What does the well balanced diet mean?
__________________________________________________________________
4. Why should we eat lots of fibre?
__________________________________________________________________
5. Where can you find unsaturated fats?
__________________________________________________________________
6. Why shouldn’t we eat too much salt?
__________________________________________________________________

Resource: http://cliparts.co/clipart/3437668 retrieved on June 24, 2016.

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Activity 6: Use scanning technique to read the article below then match the phrases
with their meanings.

Make a move
Recent research shows that we can improve our health with regular exercise,
even if we are usually couch potatoes or work in a sedentary job.
Regular moderate activity has many physical and psychological benefits. Firstly,
exercise reduces blood pressure and decreases the risk of heart disease. Secondly, it
also minimizes the chance of getting several types of cancer. Thirdly, it decreases the
risk of elderly people falling and injuring themselves. On the psychological side,
regular moderate activity can help with depression and anxiety.
Exercise is particularly beneficial to people who already have risk factors for
heart disease. People who smoke, or have high cholesterol or high blood pressure are
more likely to die early. However, if these people take up regular exercise and
become fit, they can substantially reduce their chances of premature death.
The good news is that you can accumulate your exercise. You can exercise bit by
bit, 10 minutes at a time, as long as you do about half an hour of moderate exercise a
day. Some ideas for increasing your physical activity are:
 take the stairs instead of the lift
 park your car or motorcycle further away from where you are going and

walk
 do some active gardening
 walk to the local shop instead of driving your car or riding your motorcycle
So make a move. Even a little exercise can help to decrease your risk of major
illness. You don’t have to be an Olympic athlete to be healthy!

1. regular moderate activity a. dying early
2. premature death b. do your exercise bit by bit
3. substantially reduce c. do a lot to decrease
4. accumulate your exercise d. medium intensity exercise on most days

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Activity 7: Health idioms

Many English expressions contain health words but their meanings sometimes

have no relationship to health.

Directions: Match the expressions to their meanings by using context clues

Expression Meaning

1. as fit as fiddle a. to pay money

2. coming down with something b. not feeling well

3. feeling a bit off colour c. exactly what is needed or

wanted

4. my back is killing me d. in good health

5. a taste of his own medicine e. a very bad headache

6. just what the doctor ordered f. my back is very painful

7. sick and tired g. something difficult and

unpleasant to experience

8. cough up h. to have a high body

temperature

9. a bitter pill to swallow i. becoming sick

10. run a fever k. very annoyed

Resource: https://www.emaze.com/@AILZZQCQ/Context-Clues retrieved on June
24, 2016.

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Presentation: Signposting

A good way to make your presentations effective, interesting and easy to

follow is to use signpost language. 'Signpost language' is the words and phrases that

people use to tell the listener what has just happened, and what is going to happen

next.

In other words, signpost language guides the listener through the presentation.

A good presenter will usually use a lot of signpost language, so it is a good idea to

learn a few of the common phrases, even if you spend more time listening to

presentations than giving them! Signpost language is usually fairly informal, so it is

relatively easy to understand.

Section of presentation Signpost language

Introducing the topic I'm going to talk about ...

My topic today is…

Overview (outline of presentation) First of all, I'll...

… and then I’ll go on to …

Then/ Next ...

Finally/ Lastly ...

Finishing a section That's all I have to say about...

Starting a new section Now let’s move on to...

Analyzing a point and giving Why is this important?

recommendations

Giving examples For example,...

Summarizing and concluding To sum up ...

To summarize...

In conclusion ...

In short ...

Paraphrasing and clarifying In other words.......

Invitation to ask questions Any questions?

Activity 8: Present your ideas on “A Healthy Lifestyle for Teens” by using signpost
language as much as you can.

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Writing

Activity 5: Do you have a well-balanced diet? Write about it. Include words that are
commonly used together.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

Review

Directions: Circle the word which makes a collocation
1. Terrible/serious illnesses
2. Easy/simple rules
3. Fresh/newly fruit
4. Fair/moderate amount of meat
5. Small /little amount of sugar

Directions: Read the article on “A healthy diet” again then answer the questions
1. What are orange-coloured fruit and vegetables such as carrots and mangoes
___________________________________________________
2. What kind of fruit gives us vitamin C?
____________________________________________________
3. Why do we have to eat lots of fibre and where can we find it?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
4. Does sugar have food value?
____________________________________________________
5. How can we obtain all the nutrients we need to stay healthy?
____________________________________________________

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Directions: Read the article on “Make a move” again. Then circle True or False
1. Recent research shows that we cannot improve our health with regular
exercise, even if we are usually couch potatoes or work in a sedentary job.
True or False
2. Exercise reduces blood pressure and increases the risk of heart disease.
True or False
3. Regular moderate activity can help with depression and anxiety.
True or False
4. People who smoke, or have low cholesterol or high blood pressure are more
likely to die early. True or False
5. Even a little exercise can help to decrease your risk of major illness.
True or False

Directions: Read the article on “What are the Benefits of Exercise?” by using
scanning technique then circle True or False

“What are the Benefits of Exercise?”
Exercise improves the body in many ways.

 The lungs take in more air, giving us more oxygen.
 The heart works harder to get more blood and oxygen to the parts of

the body that are working.
 The heart and muscles become larger, stronger and fitter.
 Weight-bearing exercises like running, skipping and hopping help to

develop strong bones.
 Food is processed more effectively and waste products are more

quickly removed, leaving the body feeling more comfortable.
 The skin, hair and eyes look better because the “inside” is healthy.
 Improved muscle tone gives the body a better shape and posture.
 Chemicals are released into the brain which make us feel happy. These

are called endorphins. They make us feel more confident and improve
our self-esteem.
 We sleep better.
 Strength, stamina and suppleness are improved.

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1. The body needs less oxygen when we exercise. True or False
2. Endorphins make us feel good. True or False
3. Muscles become smaller when exercised. True or False
4. Weight-bearing exercise develops strong bones. True or False
5. The digestive system improves with exercise. True or False

Resource: http://integrativeosteopathy.com.au/wp-
content/uploads/2015/08/Exercise.jpg retrieved on June 24, 2016.

Directions: Complete the sentences with the correct expressions provided in the box.
a. just what the doctor ordered.
b. a bit off-colour
c. cough up
d. My back is killing me
e. a bitter pill for her brother to swallow

1. He had flu a couple of months ago and he's been__________________ ever since.
2. ______________________.It is very painful. I cannot even move!
3. It was ________________________________when she married his enemy.
4. Bob: Would you like something to drink?

Mary: Yes, a cold glass of water would be _______________________________.
5. I had to ____________________$35 for administration fees.

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References

http://www.didax.com/newsletter/pdfs/healthy_2-5255.pdf
http://amepdl.net.au/sites/default/files/attachments/ht/res_ht_int4_1health_healthylife
_151005.pdf
http://www.grammarbank.com/context-clues-worksheet.html
http://www.lacitycollege.edu/services/cra/Word_Analysis_Student_Workbook.pdf
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/collocation
https://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/collocations.htm
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/business/talkingbusiness/unit3pre

sentations/expert.shtml