STUDENT WORK BOOK FOR DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKING

PROCEDURE
Step 1: Create a logical network diagram with two PCs and a hub
The bottom left-hand corner of the Packet Tracer screen displays eight icons that represent device categories or
groups, such as Routers, Switches, Wireless Devices or End Devices.

Figure 1: Screen Display
Moving the cursor over the device categories will show the name of the category in the box. To select a device,
first select the device category. Once the device category is selected, the options within that category appear in
the box next to the category listings. Select the device option that is required.

a. Select End Devices from the options in the bottom left-hand corner. Drag and drop two generic PCs

onto the design area.

Figure 2: Select end devices
b. Select Hubs from the options in the bottom left-hand corner. Add a hub to the prototype network by

dragging and dropping a generic hub onto the design area.

47

Figure 3: Select Hub
c. Select Connections from the bottom left-hand corner. Choose a Copper Straight-through cable type.

Click the first host, PC0, and assign the cable to the Fast Ethernet connector. Click the hub, Hub0, and
select a connection port, Port 0, to connect to PC0.

Figure 4: Connection transmission medium
d. Repeat step c for the second PC, PC1, to connect the PC to Port 1 on the hub.

*There should be green dots at both ends of each cable connection. If not, check the cable type selected.
RUBRIC ITEM NO 1 –COMPLETE CONNECTION FOR 2 PC & 1 HUB
Step 2: Configure host names and IP addresses on the PCs
a. Double click PC0. A PC0 window will appear.

48

b. From the PC0 window, select the Config tab. Change the PC Display Name to PC-A.
c. Select the FastEthernet tab on the left and add the IP address of 192.168.1.1 and subnet mask of

255.255.255.0. Close the PC-A configuration window by selecting the x in the upper right-hand corner.
d. Double click PC1.
e. Select the Config tab. Change the PC Display Name to PC-B. Select the FastEthernet tab on the left

and add the IP address of 192.168.1.2 and subnet mask of 255.255.255.0. Close the PC-B configuration
window.
RUBRIC ITEM NO 2 - IP CONFIGURATION FOR BOTH PCs
Step 3: Observe the flow of data from PC-A to PC-B by creating network traffic
a. Switch to Simulation mode by selecting the tab that is partially hidden behind the Realtime tab in the
bottom right-hand corner. The tab has the icon of a stopwatch on it.

Figure 5: Simulation Buttons
b. Click the Edit Filters button in the Event List Filters area. Clicking the Edit Filters button will create a

pop-up window. In the pop-up window, click the Show All/None box to deselect every filter. Select just
the ARP and ICMP filters.

Figure 6:

49

c. Select a Simple PDU by clicking the closed envelope on the right vertical toolbar. Move your cursor to the
display area of your screen. Click PC-A to establish the source. Move your cursor to PC-B and click to
establish the destination.

Figure 7: Simple PDU Setting
**Notice that two envelopes are now positioned beside PC-A. One envelope is ICMP, while the other is
ARP. The Event List in the Simulation Panel will identify exactly which envelope represents ICMP and
which represents ARP.
d. Select Auto Capture / Play from the Play Controls area of the Simulation Panel.

Figure 8:Button Capture Control
** Below the Auto Capture / Play button is a horizontal bar, with a vertical button that controls the speed
of the simulation. Dragging the button to the right will speed up the simulation, while dragging it to the left
will slow down the simulation.
e. The animation will run until the message window No More Events or TICK appears. All requested events
have been completed.

50

Figure 9: Response Connection Complete
RUBRIC ITEM NO 3 – ANIMATION ENVELOPE
f. Choose the Reset Simulation button in the Simulation Panel.
** Notice that the ARP envelope is no longer present. This has reset the simulation but has not cleared any
configuration changes or dynamic table entries, such as ARP table entries. The ARP request is not
necessary to complete the ping command because PC-A already has the MAC address in the ARP table.
g. Click the Capture / Forward button.
** The ICMP envelope will move from the source to the hub and stop. The Capture / Forward button allows
you to run the simulation one step at a time. Continue selecting the Capture / Forward button until you
complete the event.
h. Choose the Power Cycle Devices button on the bottom left, above the device icons.

Figure 10: Power Cycle Device
i. An error message will appear asking you to confirm reset. Choose Yes. Now both the ICMP and ARP

envelopes are present again. The Reset Network button will clear any configuration changes not saved
and will clear all dynamic table entries, such as the ARP and MAC table entries.
Step 4: View ARP Tables on each PC
a. Choose the Auto Capture / Play button to repopulate the ARP table on the PCs. Click OK when the No
More Events message appears.
b. Select the magnifying glass on the right vertical tool bar.

51

c. Click PC-A. The ARP table for PC-A will appear.

Figure 11:Notice that PC-A does have an ARP entry for PC-B.
d. View the ARP table for PC-B. Close all ARP table windows.
e. Click Select Tool on the right vertical tool bar. (This is the first icon present in the toolbar.)
f. Click PC-A and select the Desktop tab.
g. Select the Command Prompt and type the command arp -a and presenter to view the ARP table from

the desktop view.
RUBRIC ITEM NO 4 - ARP TABLE FOR PC A AND B
h. Close the PC-A configuration window.
i. Examine the ARP table for PC-B. (arp –b)
j. Close the PC-B configuration window.
Step 5: Ping the host
a. Switch to Realtime mode by selecting the tab that is partially hidden behind the Simulation tab in the
bottom right-hand corner. The tab has the icon of a stopwatch on it.
b. Double click PCA. A PCA window will appear. From the PCA window, select the Desktop tab.
c. Select Command Prompt.
d. Type ping follow by PCB ip address. For example : ping 192.168.1.2. Observe the output.
RUBRIC ITEM NO 5 – PING RESULT.
e. Close all the configuration window.

DISCUSSION (10 marks)

CONCLUSION (5 marks)

52

PRACTICAL WORK 2 : RUBRIC FOR PRACTICAL SKILL (70 marks)

Mark Competency

9-10 Outstanding Student can understand and fol

7-8 Highly Competent Student can understand and fol

5-6 Competent Student can understands and fo

3-4 Not Yet Competent Student can understands and fo

1-2 Not Achieved Student did not understand the

MARKS

No Task

1. 2 pc and 1 hub are dragged and placed in the worksheet.
Connection cable are correctly selected.

2. Configuration IP address for PC A.
Configuration IP address for PC B.

3. Animation for envelope.
4. ARP tables for PC A and PC B
5. Ping result.

TOTAL MARK

5

Description
llow all instruction and complete all tasks assigned without error.
llow all instruction and complete all tasks assigned with some error.
ollow the instruction but completes only some of the tasks correctly.
ollow the instruction but completes only some of the tasks with a little error.
instructions and unable to complete the tasks.

S1 S2 S3 S4

53

PRACTICAL WORK 2 : RUBRIC FOR DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION (3

Report DT Very Good Good
Assessment 4
5
Analysis / P2 Student able to clearly describe the S
Discussion Student able to clearly experiment result in relation to the t
describe the experiment theory and practical work, as well t
result in relation to the as stating the technical problems r
theory and practical work, that occurred during experiment t
as well as stating the and its solutions or vice versa. p
technical problems that
Conclusion P2 occurred during experiment Students able to conclude the S
and its solutions. practical work by referring to the a
experiment objective. c
Students able to conclude p
the practical work by r
referring to the experiment e
objective. o

5

30 Marks)

Fair Weak Very weak STUDENT MARK

32 1 S1 S2 S3 S4

Student only able Student able to Student are not able
to clearly describe describe experiment to describe
the experiment result but with no experiment result at
result in relation relation to the theory all.
to the theory and and practical work.
practical work.

Students only Students only able No conclusion was
able to generally conclude some of the included or shows
conclude the practical work by little effort and
practical work by referring to the reflection on the lab.
referring to the experiment objective.
experiment
objective.

54

PRACTICAL
WORK 3

55

TITLE : PEER-TO-PEER INTERCONNECT NETWORK
CLO : CLO2 (P4)

OUTCOMES : Upon completion the practical, students should be able to:

a. Construct the IP address to workstation in the LAN.
b. Test the host connectivity by using PING test.
c. Construct a DHCP server within a range of IP addresses.

EQUIPMENTS: Quantity
No Component 1

1 Personal Computer
2 Cisco Packet Tracer Software

SAFETY PRACTICE :

1. Always aware, any machine that works on electricity is dangerous.
2. Understand the safety procedures specified by the lecturer.
3. The experiment should be done in an organized manner as this can minimize the risk of accident occur.
4. Read and follow the experimental method and check with the lecturer if any problems occur

PROCEDURE:
ACTIVITY 1: INTERCONNECT NETWORK
Step 1: Choose the device as show in Figure 1.1. Connect the device using suitable cable.

Figure 1.1: Interconnect Network

56

Step 2: Configure the IP address of PC0 and PC1 as Figure 1.2.

Configuration for PC0: Configuration for PC1:

IP Address : 192.168.1.1 IP Address : 10.0.0.1

Subnet Mask : 255.255.255.0 Subnet Mask : 255.0.0.0

Default Gateway : 192.168.1.5 Default Gateway : 10.0.0.5

Table 1.2: IP Configuration of PC0 and PC1

Step 3: Router0 have two interface: Refer Figure 1.3.

a. Interface with IP address 192.168.1.5 connect to IP address 192.168.1.0
b. Interface with IP address 10.0.0.5 connect to IP address 10.0.0.0

Figure 1.3: Illustrate interconnect network with Router0

Step 4: Double click Router0 to configure the IP address. Choose tab Config and click FastEthernet0/0 under
submenu Interface as in Figure 1.4.

Figure 1.4: Routing Configuration at Interface FE0/0 Router0

57

Step 5: Repeat step 4 to configure another interface with IP address 10.0.0.5.
Step 6: Perform PING from PC0 to PC1 to verify the connection. Double click PC0, choose tab Desktop then click
on menu Command Prompt as in Figure 1.5.

Figure 1.5: Verification for connection of PC0 and PC1
Step 7: Send simple PDU in simulation mode to verify the connection network as Figure 1.6.

Figure 1.6: Simulation mode (sending PDU process)

58

ACTIVITY 2: INTERCONNECT STAR NETWORK

Step 1: Choose the device as show in Figure 2.1. Construct the IP address for three workstation with one
printer network.

Step 2: Using Cisco Packet Tracer Software, sketch the workstation connection with connected to a 2950 switch
using suitable connector.

Figure 2.1: Simulation mode (sending PDU process)

Step 3: Namely the PC 0 – WORKSTATION 1, PC1_WORKSTATION 2, PC3_WORKSTATION 3. Configure the

IP address of PC0 until PC3 followed by Table 2.2.

Configuration for PC1:

IP Address : 10.52.0.18

Subnet Mask : 255.0.0.0

Default Gateway : 10.0.0.5

Configuration for PC2:

IP Address : 10.52.0.15

Subnet Mask : 255.0.0.0

Default Gateway : 10.0.0.5

Configuration for PC3:

IP Address : 10.52.0.20

Subnet Mask : 255.0.0.0

Default Gateway : 10.0.0.5

Table 2.2: IP Configuration of PC0 until PC2

Step 4: Perform PING from PC0_WORKSTATION 1, PC1_WORKSTATION 2, PC3_WORKSTATION 3 using
command prompt, test connection for each workstation to printer.
Step 5 : Send simple PDU in simulation mode to verify the connection network.
DISCUSSION (10 marks)
CONCLUSION (5 marks)

59

PRACTICAL WORK 3 : RUBRIC FOR PRACTICAL SKILL (70 marks)

Mark Competency

9-10 Outstanding Student can understand and fol

7-8 Highly Competent Student can understand and fol

5-6 Competent Student can understands and fo

3-4 Not Yet Competent Student can understands and fo

1-2 Not Achieved Student did not understand the

MARKS

No Task

1 A1. Interconnect Network: Design the network using connection de
2 A1. Interconnect Network: Connection cable are correctly selected
3 A1. Interconnect Network: Able to construct an IP Address.
4 A2. Interconnect Network: Design the network using connection de
5 A2. Interconnect Network: Connection cable are correctly selected
6 A2. Interconnect Network: Able to construct an IP Address.

Send Packet Data:
7

Determine the packet is send over the network through a connectivit

6

Description
llow all instruction and complete all tasks assigned without error.
llow all instruction and complete all tasks assigned with some error.
ollow the instruction but completes only some of the tasks correctly.
ollow the instruction but completes only some of the tasks with a little error.
instructions and unable to complete the tasks.

S1 S2 S3 S4

evice given.
d.

evice given.
d.

ty device.
Total marks

60

PRACTICAL WORK 3 : RUBRIC FOR DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION (3

Report DT Very Good Good
Assessment
5 4
Analysis / P2 S
Discussion Student able to clearly Student able to clearly describe the t
describe the experiment experiment result in relation to the t
Conclusion P2 result in relation to the theory and practical work, as well r
theory and practical work, as stating the technical problems t
as well as stating the that occurred during experiment p
technical problems that and its solutions or vice versa.
occurred during experiment S
and its solutions. Students able to conclude the a
practical work by referring to the c
Students able to conclude experiment objective. p
the practical work by r
referring to the experiment e
objective. o

6

30 Marks)

Fair Weak Very weak STUDENT MARK

32 1 S1 S2 S3 S4

Student only able Student able to Student are not able
to clearly describe describe experiment to describe
the experiment result but with no experiment result at
result in relation relation to the theory all.
to the theory and and practical work.
practical work.

Students only Students only able No conclusion was
able to generally conclude some of the included or shows
conclude the practical work by little effort and
practical work by referring to the reflection on the lab.
referring to the experiment objective.
experiment
objective.

61

PRACTICAL
WORK 4

62

TITLE : UNDERSTAND CLIENT-SERVER INTERCONNECT NETWORK
CLO : CLO2 (P4)

OUTCOMES : Upon completion the practical, students should be able to:

a. Construct the IP address to workstation in the LAN.
b. Test the host connectivity by using PING test.
c. Construct a DHCP server within a range of IP addresses.

EQUIPMENTS: Quantity
No Component 1

1 Personal Computer
2 Cisco Packet Tracer Software

SAFETY PRACTICE :

1. Always aware, any machine that works on electricity is dangerous.
2. Understand the safety procedures specified by the lecturer.
3. The experiment should be done in an organized manner as this can minimize the risk of accident occur.
4. Read and follow the experimental method and check with the lecturer if any problems occur

PROCEDURE:
ACTIVITY 1: INTERCONNECT NETWORK
Step 1: Choose the device as show in Figure 1.1. Connect the device using copper cross over cable type.

Figure 1.1:Connection Client – Server

Step 2: Configure the IP address of PC0.

Configuration for PC0: Configuration for Server0:

IP Address : 192.168.123.1 IP Address : 192.168.123.2

Subnet Mask : 255.255.255.0 Subnet Mask : 255.255.255.0

Default Gateway : - Default Gateway : -

Table 1.1: IP Configuration of PC0

63

Step 3: Double click Server0 to configure the IP address for interface. Choose tab Config and click HTTP under
submenu Services as in Figure 1.22. Change the script HTML as shown below.

Figure 1.2: Service Configuration at HTTP
Step 4: Check the browsing HTTP by double click PC0. Choose Desktop tab and choose Web Browser. Click
Server0 IP address at URL field. You will see as in Figure 1.3.

Figure 1.3: Browsing HTTP at URL field

64

ACTIVITY 2: SERVER DHCP IN NETWORK
Step 1: Choose the device as show in Figure 2.1. Connect the device using suitable cable.

Figure 2.1: Work Station and Server DHCP
Step 2: Double click Server0 and choose Config tab. Click on Interface menu and choose Fast-Ethernet to
configure IP address as Figure 2.2.

Figure 2.2: Server0 configuration at FastEthernet Interface
Step 3: Choose DHCP at Service menu and tick On Service to activate the DHCP. Figure 2.12 indicates Start IP
address from 192.168.123.19 and the maximum number of user is 5. This is mean every request host IP address
start from range 192.168.123.19 to 192.168.123.23. Let the field Default Gateway and DNS Server empty as shown
Figure 2.3 below. Then click Save.

65

Figure 2.3: Activate the DHCP
Step 4: Double click PC1 and choose Desktop tab for request DHCP. Then choose menu IP Configuration to
configure the IP Address as shown Figure 2.4 below. Choose DHCP button and IP Address will appear
automatically.

Figure 2.4: IP Configuration with DHCP request
Step 5: Repeat procedure 4 for PC2, PC3, PC4 and PC5.
Step 6: Send Simple PDU in simulation mode to verify the connection network for each PC1, PC2, PC3, PC4 and
PC5.
DISCUSSION (10 marks)
CONCLUSION (5 marks)

66

PRACTICAL WORK 4 : RUBRIC FOR PRACTICAL SKILL (70 marks)

Mark Competency

9-10 Outstanding Student can understand and

7-8 Highly Competent Student can understand and

5-6 Competent Student can understands an

3-4 Not Yet Competent Student can understands an

1-2 Not Achieved Student did not understand t

MARKS Task
No

1 A1. Interconnect Network: Design the network using connection d

2 A1. Interconnect Network: Connection cable are correctly selecte

3 A1. Interconnect Network: Able to construct an IP Address.

4 A2. Interconnect Network: Design the network using connection d

5 A2. Interconnect Network: Connection cable are correctly selecte

6 A2. Interconnect Network: Able to construct an IP Address.
Send Packet Data:

7
Determine the packet is send over the network through a connectiv

6

Description
d follow all instruction and complete all task assigned without error.
d follow all instruction and complete all task assigned with some error.
nd follow the instruction but completes only some of the tasks correctly.
nd follow the instruction but completes only some of the tasks with a little error.
the instructions and unable to complete the tasks.

S1 S2 S3 S4
device given.
ed.

device given.
ed.

vity device.
Total marks

67

PRACTICAL WORK 4 : RUBRIC FOR DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION (3

Report DT Very Good Good
Assessment 4
5
Analysis / P2 Student able to clearly describe the S
Discussion Student able to clearly experiment result in relation to the t
describe the experiment theory and practical work, as well t
result in relation to the as stating the technical problems r
theory and practical work, that occurred during experiment t
as well as stating the and its solutions or vice versa. p
technical problems that
Conclusion P2 occurred during experiment Students able to conclude the S
and its solutions. practical work by referring to the a
experiment objective. c
Students able to conclude p
the practical work by r
referring to the experiment e
objective. o

6

30 Marks)

Fair Weak Very weak STUDENT MARK

32 1 S1 S2 S3 S4

Student only able Student able to Student are not able
to clearly describe describe experiment to describe
the experiment result but with no experiment result at
result in relation relation to the theory all.
to the theory and and practical work.
practical work.

Students only Students only able No conclusion was
able to generally conclude some of the included or shows
conclude the practical work by little effort and
practical work by referring to the reflection on the lab.
referring to the experiment objective.
experiment
objective.

68

PRACTICAL
WORK 5

69

TITLE : BUILD UTP STRAIGHT THROUGH and CROSS OVER CABLE USING RJ45
CLO : CLO2 (P4), CLO3 (A3)
OUTCOMES : Upon completion the practical, students should be able to:

1. Construct UTP Straight Through and Cross Over Cable using RJ45 connector according
TIA568 color standards.

2. Test the connectivity of UTP Straight Through and Cross Over Cable using Cable Tester.

EQUIPMENTS AND COMPONENTS: Quantity
No Component 1 unit
1 Cat 5e UTP Cable 4 unit
2 RJ45 Connector 1 unit
3 Cable Cutter, Stripper or knife 1 unit
4 RJ Crimping Tools 1 unit
5 LAN Cable Tester

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
1. Always aware, any equipment that works on electricity is dangerous.
2. Understand the safety procedures specified by the lecturer.
3. The experiment should be done in an organized manner as this can minimize the risk of accident occur.
4. Read and follow the experimental method and check with the lecturer if any problems occur.

THEORY:

Straight-through cable is a type of twisted pair copper wire cable for local area network (LAN) use for which the RJ-
45 connectors at each end have the same pin out (i.e., arrangement of conductors). It is identical to crossover cable,
except that in the latter the wires on the cable are crossed over so that the receive signal pins on the connector on
one end are connected to the transmit signal pins on the connector on the other end.

Straight-through cable is also commonly referred to as patch cable. Straight-through cable (T568A) is used to
connect computers and other end-user devices (e.g., printers) to networking devices such as hubs and switches. It
can also be used to directly connect like devices (e.g., two hubs or two switches) if the cable is plugged into an
uplink port on one (but not both) of the devices.

An Ethernet crossover cable is a crossover cable for Ethernet used to connect computing devices together directly.
It is most often used to connect two devices of the same type, e.g. two computers (via their network interface
controllers) or two switches to each other. For example DTE-DTE or DCE-DCE, usually connected asymmetrically
(DTE-DCE), by a modified cable called a crosslink. Crossover cable is used to connect two like devices without the
use of an uplink port. By contrast, patch cables or straight through cables are used to connect devices of different
types, such as a computer to a network switch or Ethernet hub. Intentionally crossed wiring in the crossover cable
connects the transmit signals at one end to the receive signals at the other end.

The crossing of wires in a cable or in a connector adaptor allows:
• connecting two devices directly, output of one to input of the other,
• letting two terminal (DTE) devices communicate without an interconnecting hub knot, i.e. PCs,
• linking two or more hubs, switches or routers (DCE) together, possibly to work as one wider device.

70

PROCEDURE:

1. Cut the UTP cable around 1 meter for every 2 person in Figure 1.
2. Strip off the outer jacket (cable sheath) about 1 inches by using wire stripper like Figure 2 to become like in

Figure 3.

Figure 1 : Cut the UTP cable Figure 2 : Wire stripper Figure 3 : Output cable

3. Release the twisted cable and make it become straight using your finger. Cut the end cable to make it same.

Make sure the distance from end cable to end outer jacket is about 1/2 inci as in Figure 4. If not, the cable will
loose when connected to “RJ 45 Connector”.

Figure 4 : The output after cut the cable sheath
4. Untwist the pairs (Figure 5) and don't untwist them beyond what you have exposed, the more untwisted cable

you have the worse the problems you can run into.

No 1

Figure 5: Untwist the pair No 8
Figure 6: RJ45 plug

Figure 7: RJ45 plug pin position

71

5. Align the colour wires according to the diagrams Figure 8 for Straight-Through Cable below by refer the RJ45
plug in Figure 6 and Figure 7 above.

a) Left hand side b) Right hand side

Colour cable arrangement: Colour cable arrangement:

1 Orange-White 1 Orange-White
2 Orange
2 Orange 3 Green-White
4 Blue
3 Green-White 5 Blue-White
6 Green
4 Blue 7 Brown-White
8 Brown
5 Blue-White

6 Green

123456 7 Brown-White 123456
8 Brown

Figure 8 : Straight-Through Cable

6. Trim all the wires to the same length, about less than 1/2" left exposed from the sheath as Figure 9.

Figure 9: After trim the wire in a same length

7. Insert the wires into the RJ45 plug - make sure each wire is fully inserted to the front of the RJ45 plug and in
the correct order as Figure 10 below and Figure 11. The sheath of the cable should extend into the RJ45 plug
by about 1/2" and will be held in place by the crimp.

8. NOTE!!!

Check this area that the cable Check this area that the wire
sheaths reach this area reaches this area

Figure 11 : RJ 45 Connection

Figure 10: The perfect wire and cable sheath condition before crimping

72

9. Crimp the RJ45 plug with the crimper tool like in Figure 11 below.

2nd STEP
Push the handle until ‘click’

1st STEP Figure 11 : Crimping tool
Insert the plug here

10. Repeat the above steps (Step 2 to 10) for the second RJ45 plug.

11. Test the cable using Cable Tester to check the connectivity and mark your result at Table 1.
12. Repeat the above procedure Step no 1 to Step no 10 for Cross-Over Cable.
13. Align the colour wires according to the diagrams in Figure 12 for Cross-Over Cable below by refer the RJ45

plug in Figure 6 and Figure 7 above.

a) Left hand side b) Right hand side

Colour cable
arrangement:

Colour cable arrangement:

123456 1 Orange-White 123456 11OGrarenegne--WWhhiittee
2 Orange 2 Orange
3 Green-White
4 Blue 32GGrereenn-White
5 Blue-White 4 Blue
6 Green 53BOlurea-nWgeh-iWtehite
7 Brown-White
8 Brown 674GBBrroleuweenn-White

85BBroluwen-White

Figure 12 : Cross-Over Cable 6 Orange
7 Brown-White

14. Test the cable using Cable Tester to check the connectivity and mark your re8sBurltowant Table 1 and Table 2.

73

RESULT:

UTP Straight Through UTP Cross Over Cable

Inspection Remark Inspection Remark
connectivity pin 1 to 1 connectivity pin 1 to 3
connectivity pin 2 to 2 connectivity pin 2 to 6
connectivity pin 3 to 3 connectivity pin 3 to 1
connectivity pin 4 to 4 connectivity pin 4 to 4
connectivity pin 5 to 5 connectivity pin 5 to 5
connectivity pin 6 to 6 connectivity pin 6 to 2
connectivity pin 7 to 7 connectivity pin 7 to 7
connectivity pin 8 to 8 connectivity pin 8 to 8

TIA568B Color TIA568B Color
Arrangement Arrangement

Tidy Tidy

Total Total

Table 1 Table 2

DISCUSSION (10 marks)
CONCLUSION (5 marks)

74

PRACTICAL WORK 5 : RUBRIC FOR PRACTICAL SKILL (70 MARKS)

CLO2 : Construct a simple LAN or WLAN in accordance to IEEE or TIA/EIA-568-A/B wiring standard and
test the connectivity by ping process. (P4, PLO5)

Mark Competency Description

5 Outstanding Student can understand and follow all instruction and complete all tasks
assigned without error.

4 Highly Competent Student can understand and follow all instruction and complete all tasks
assigned with some error.

3 Competent Student can understands and follow the instruction but completes only
some of the tasks correctly.

2 Not Yet Student can understands and follow the instruction but completes only
Competent some of the tasks with a little error.

1 Not Achieved Student did not understand the instructions and unable to complete the
tasks.

Practical Skill Assessment Rubric: Mark
No Task /5
1. Remove the outer jacket of the cable. /5
/5
2. Arrange the wires based on the wiring specifications. /5
/ 10
3. Keep the wires flat and in order as to push them into RJ-45 /5
plug with the flat surface of the plug on top. / 35

4. Cable are neatly inserted in the RJ 45 plug and the thread
has been removed.

5. Testing the cable connection successfully by referring cable
tester LED light.

6. Lab activity organization.

TOTAL

75

PRACTICAL WORK 5 : RUBRIC FOR DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION (3

Report DT Very Good Good
Assessment
5 4
Analysis / P2 S
Discussion Student able to clearly Student able to clearly describe the t
describe the experiment experiment result in relation to the t
Conclusion P2 result in relation to the theory and practical work, as well r
theory and practical work, as stating the technical problems t
as well as stating the that occurred during experiment p
technical problems that and its solutions or vice versa.
occurred during experiment S
and its solutions. Students able to conclude the a
practical work by referring to the c
Students able to conclude experiment objective. p
the practical work by r
referring to the experiment e
objective. o

7

30 Marks)

Fair Weak Very weak STUDENT MARK

32 1 S1 S2 S3 S4

Student only able Student able to Student are not able
to clearly describe describe experiment to describe
the experiment result but with no experiment result at
result in relation relation to the theory all.
to the theory and and practical work.
practical work.

Students only Students only able No conclusion was
able to generally conclude some of the included or shows
conclude the practical work by little effort and
practical work by referring to the reflection on the lab.
referring to the experiment objective.
experiment
objective.

76

PRACTICAL WORK 5 : RUBRIC FOR GENERIC SKILLS (100 Marks)

Attribute Subattribute Very Good Good
5 4

A.Work Perform assigned tasks Perform assigned tasks Perform
Responsibility beyond the scope of within by the scope of within b
work and beyond work and exceeds work an
expectation expectation expecta

B. Work Has a well Has a good relationship Has a sa
Relation acknowledged with co-workers and relation
relationship with within, institution, co-work
co-workers and work groups and institut
within, institution, community when at groups
work groups and work when a
community when at
work

Ethics

C. Work Ethics Always practise Practise good working Practise
excellent working culture such as good culture
culture such as good moral, timeliness as moral,
moral, timeliness as well as being efficient, well as
well as being efficient, productive and ethical produc
productive and ethical at work in most at work
at work in all situations situations

D. Integrity Always perform Perform a task Perform
a task with trust, with trust, honesty, accepta
honesty, sincerity and sincerity and honesty
transparent in any transparent in transpa
situation most situations

7

Fair Weak Very weak STUDENT MARK

3 2 1 S1 S2 S3 S4

m assigned tasks Perform assigned tasks Does not perform
by the scope of within by the scope of assigned tasks within
nd meets work with close by the scope of work
ation supervision even with close
supervision

atisfactory Has a less harmonious Has a disharmonious
nship with relationship with co- relationship with co-
kers and within, workers and within, workers and within,
tion, work institution, work institution, work
and community groups and community groups and
at work community when
at work

e good working Practise less Practise less
e such as good appropriate working appropriate
timeliness as culture such as working culture such
inconsistent behaviour, as inconsistent
being efficient, less punctuality as well behaviour, less
ctive and ethical as being less efficient, punctuality as well as
k in general productive and ethical being less efficient,
at work in many productive and
situations ethical at work in
many situations

m a task with Perform a task with Perform a task with
able trust, limited trust, honesty, lack of trust, honesty,
y, sincerity and sincerity and sincerity and
arency transparency transparency

77

PRACTICAL
WORK 6

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TITLE : Application of UTP Cable in LAN Topology

CLO : CLO2 (P4)

OUTCOMES : Upon completion the practical, students should be able to:

1. Construct the basic physical LAN topology
2. Test the continuity of UTP Cable using ‘ping’ command.

3. Determine the Bit Rate of CAT 5e Cable.

EQUIPMENTS AND COMPONENTS: Quantity
No Component 1 unit
1 UTP Cable 2 unit
2 Computer 1 unit
3 Switch

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:
1. Always aware, any equipment that works on electricity is dangerous.
2. Understand the safety procedures specified by the lecturer.
3. The experiment should be done in an organized manner as this can minimize the risk of accident occur.
4. Read and follow the experimental method and check with the lecturer if any problems occur.

THEORY:
A local area network (LAN) is a computer network that interconnects computers within a limited area such as a
residence, school, laboratory, university campus or office building. By contrast, a wide area network (WAN) not only
covers a larger geographic distance, but also generally involves leased telecommunication circuits.

A local area network may serve as few as two or three users (for example, in a small-office network) or several
hundred users in a larger office. LAN networking comprises cables, switches, routers and other components that
let users connect to internal servers, websites and other LANs via wide area networks.

Ethernet and Wi-Fi are the two primary ways to enable LAN connections. Ethernet is a specification that enables
computers to communicate with each other. Wi-Fi uses radio waves to connect computers to the LAN. Other LAN
technologies, including Token Ring, Fiber Distributed Data Interface and ARCNET, have lost favour as Ethernet
and Wi-Fi speeds have increased.

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PROCEDURE:
1. Construct the LAN topology in Figure 1.

Figure 1 : The connection between computers PC0 and PC1 using Cross-Over Cable

2. Go to Command Prompt (C :\), ping between computers PC0 and PC1. Test the continuity of UTP Cross Over
cable.

3. Show the ping successfully connected to the report.

4. Record the PC0 IP address and PC1 IP address in Table 1. Remark the result of ping process successfully

in Table 1.

UTP Cross Cable

Test Remark Status
PC1 IP address
PC2 IP address
Ping PC1 to PC2
Ping PC2 to PC1

Bit Rate

Table 1

5. Construct the LAN topology in Figure 2.

Figure 2 : The connection between computers PC1 and PC2 using Switch connected by Straight-Through Cables.

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6. Go to Command Prompt (C :\), ping between computers PC1 and PC2 connected into switch. Test the
continuity of UTP Straight Through cable.

7. Show the ping successfully connected to the report.
8. Record the PC1 IP address and PC2 IP address in Table 2. Remark the result of ping process in Table 2.

UTP Straight Through Remark

Test
PC1 IP address
PC2 IP address
Ping PC1 to PC2
Ping PC2 to PC1

Bit Rate

Table 2

DISCUSSION (10 marks)
CONCLUSION (5 marks)

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PRACTICAL WORK 6 : RUBRIC FOR PRACTICAL SKILL (70 MARKS)

CLO2 : Construct a simple LAN or WLAN in accordance to IEEE or TIA/EIA-568-A/B wiring standard and
test the connectivity by ping process. (P4, PLO5)

Mark Competency Description

5 Outstanding Student can understand and follow all instruction and complete all tasks
assigned without error.

4 Highly Competent Student can understand and follow all instruction and complete all tasks
assigned with some error.

3 Competent Student can understands and follow the instruction but completes only some of
the tasks correctly.

2 Not Yet Competent Student can understands and follow the instruction but completes only some of
the tasks with a little error.

1 Not Achieved Student did not understand the instructions and unable to complete the tasks.

Practical Skill Assessment Rubric: Mark
/5
No Task /5
/5
A1. Interconnect Network: Constructed of connection
1. cable for PC 0 and PC 1 are correctly using UTP Cable. /5

A1. Interconnect Network: Show the ping connected /5
2. successfully by write the IP address in mark in Table 1. /5
/5
A1. Interconnect Network: Show the ping connected / 35
3. successfully by mark in Table 1.

A2. Interconnect Network: Constructed of connection

4. cable for PC 1 and PC 2 into switch are correctly using
UTP Cable.

A2. Interconnect Network: Show the ping connected
5. successfully by write the IP address in mark in Table 2.

A1. Interconnect Network: Show the ping connected
6. successfully by mark in Table 2.
7. Lab activity organization.

TOTAL

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PRACTICAL WORK 6 : RUBRIC FOR DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION (3

Report DT Very Good Good
Assessment 4
5
Analysis / P2 Student able to clearly describe the S
Discussion Student able to clearly experiment result in relation to the t
describe the experiment theory and practical work, as well t
result in relation to the as stating the technical problems r
theory and practical work, that occurred during experiment t
as well as stating the and its solutions or vice versa. p
technical problems that
Conclusion P2 occurred during experiment Students able to conclude the S
and its solutions. practical work by referring to the a
experiment objective. c
Students able to conclude p
the practical work by r
referring to the experiment e
objective. o

8

30 Marks)

Fair Weak Very weak STUDENT MARK

32 1 S1 S2 S3 S4

Student only able Student able to Student are not able
to clearly describe describe experiment to describe
the experiment result but with no experiment result at
result in relation relation to the theory all.
to the theory and and practical work.
practical work.

Students only Students only able No conclusion was
able to generally conclude some of the included or shows
conclude the practical work by little effort and
practical work by referring to the reflection on the lab.
referring to the experiment objective.
experiment
objective.

83

KOLEKSI
SOALAN-SOALAN
PEPERIKSAAN

AKHIR

84

CHAPTER 1 : BASIC CONCEPT OF DATA COMMUNICATION

SECTION A
Question 1

a. List THREE (3) elements of data communication according to the Claude Shannon’s General
Communication Model.

b. With the use of digital waveform, determine the AMI (Alternate Mark Inversion) and Manchester by using
the data below:
11001

c. Given data m(x) = 1 0 1 0 1 0, g(x) = 1 0 0 1 and 3 remainder bit = 100. Apply the CRC (Cyclic Redundancy
Check) technique to detect the error at the receiver.

Question 2
a. Data communication is an exchange of digital data coding between two devices via some form of
transmission medium. Provide THREE (3) elements in data communication.

b. By using RZ encoding method, determine the encoded waveform for 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 data.

c. Illustrate the data signal of 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 by using differential Manchester encoding method.
Assume the start is at positive voltage.

Question 3
a. Describe data communication.

b. With the aid of a suitable diagram, explain the elements of basic data communication.

c. Data to be sent is 1 0 0 1 0 0 and the CRC generator is 1 1 0 1. By using Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)
technique, show that the CRC bit is 0 0 1.

Question 4
a. State THREE (3) processes in Pulse Code Modulation (PCM).

b. Explain how bit 1 and bit 0 are encoded by using Return Zero (RZ) and identify the bit pattern by using the
following data stream : 1 0 1 1 0 1.

c. For the following data, by using Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) error checking, calculate the CRC bit.

Original Frame M(x) : 1 1 0 1 0 1

Generator G(x) :110

85

Question 5
a. Describe Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and Data Communication Equipment (DCE) by giving ONE
example each.
b. Determine the encoded waveform for 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 data by using Alternate Mark Invention (AMI)
encoding method.
c. Thad at to be sent is 1 0 1 0 1 0 and the CRC generator is 1 0 1 1. Show that the CRC bit is 0 0 1 by using
Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) technique.

Question 6
a. The data encoding technique is divided into several types, depending on the type of data conversion
needed. List THREE (3) types of data encoding.
b. There are several types used in digital transmission of binary information. Differentiate the characteristics
of RZ and NRZ in digital-to-digital encoding by using the encoded signal diagram if the data signal is
0 1 0 0 1.
c. Illustrate the following digital-to-digital data encoding for NRZ-L, NRZ-I, Manchester, and AMI when the
data signal given is 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1.

Question 7
a. There are three types of data conversion techniques such as, Digital-to-Digital encoding, Analog- to-Digital
encoding and Digital-to-Analog encoding. List FOUR (4) types of Digital-to-Digital data encoding.
b. By using Non Return to Zero (Unipolar), Non Return to Zero (Polar), Return to Zero, and Manchester coding
method, sketch the encoded waveform for a data of 1010.
c. Given data m(x)=111110 and generator data g(x) = 100. By using Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) error
checking, calculate the CRC bit.

86

SECTION B
1. Cyclic redundancy checking is a method of checking for errors in data that has been transmitted on a
communications link. Given the data (M) is 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 and predetermined divisor (P) is 1 0 1 1
which is agreed upon by transmitter and receiver. Analyse the data transmission using Cyclic Redundancy
Check (CRC). Determine the appropriate check bit or CRC bit at the transmitter prior to data transmission.
Then, verify the existence of error if any at the receiver.
2. Given TWO (0) data in polynomial, first data m1(x) = 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 and second data m2(x) = 1 0 0 1 0 1 1
0. The generator used is g(x) = 1 1 0 1 and remainder bit 1 0 1. Analyse the (CRC) Cyclic Redundancy
Check technique to detect the error at the receiver and identify the type of error for the first and second
data.
3. Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) is used in networks such as LAN and WANs to detect the error both at
the sender (encoder) and the receiver (decoder). Given the message is 1 0 0 1 and the generator bit is 1 0
1 1, determine the CRC check bit and identify the types of error happen in the corrupted message.
4. Cyclic Redundancy Check is a method to check errors in data communication channel. Given the data
message is 1 1 0 0 0 and the generator bit is 1 0 1, determine the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bit at
the transmitter and the receiver. If the received message is corrupted and the corrupted message is 1 1 0
1 0 1 1 at the receiver, determine the CRC check bit or the remainder at receiver.
5. Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) is a systematic error detecting code technique in digital data, but this
technique does not function when errors detected. It is used primarily in data transmission. Given the
message is 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 and divisor bit is 1 1 0 0 which is agreed upon by transmitter and receiver.
Determine the CRC check bit at both transmitter and receiver. Identify the error received at the receiver if
any.
6. Given the data message is 1 0 0 1 0 and the generator bit is 1 0 1 1, determine the cyclic redundancy check
bit at the sender and the receiver. If the corrupted message is 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 arrived at the receiver, determine
the CRC check bit and identify the types of error happened in the corrupted message.

87