B R U N E I 'S L E G A C Y: ANCI ENT GAME M u i n B a h r i n
Acknowledgement I would like to thank the Museum department for their assistance in making my final project a success. I appreciate their cooperation in contributing their time and sharing their knowledge regarding Brunei's traditional games as well as providing us with the equipment for the traditional games recording sessions. This book could not have been completed without the help and support of my UBD colleagues. A big thank you to Syahmi Soffriana for contributing to the main part of the book by recording the video for Augmented Reality (AR). Also, thank you to my other colleague Muaz Washli to be part of the video recording as an actor in playing traditional games. Lastly, special thanks to Afza for the unparalleled support and guidance throughout the making of this book. Thank you to Cg Amran Hj Maidin from Persatuan-Persatuan Gasing Brunei for welcoming us to his place for the recording session playing Gasing Brunei. Also, to provide and introduced to us the equipment needed to perform Gasing Brunei. I am grateful for the introduction of the basics and demonstration to play Gasing Brunei correctly.
Table of Contents Introduction AR Instruction Batu Simban Congkak Gasing Tinting 6 8 Pasang 10 14 18 22 26
Introduction Brunei Darussalam is a nation with a wide range of cultural traditions and customs. One of the cultural variations is the traditional games that have been inherited from one generation to the next that exists today. However, nowadays, most of these traditional games are being wholly forgotten and no longer practised among children or adults due to the constant tide of modernity and sophistication surrounding their lives. Additionally, the development of various tools and more contemporary entertainment software, such as smart mobile phones, tablets, computers and others, has made it rare or difficult for these traditional games to continue or find a place in the hearts of today’s generation. Page | 6 Brunei's Legacy: Ancient Game is a book that consists of some of traditional games in Brunei which are Pasang, Batu Simban, Congkak, Gasing and Tinting. With modern technologies such as Augmented Reality (AR), this book does not only include the basic information of the traditional game but, also gives the opportunity for readers to be able to utilise Augmented Reality (AR) to help readers to visualise the basics playing traditional games by using mobile devices. The publication of this book in general aims to promote traditional games to the public, and particularly to the current generation of children, the types of traditional games so that they can recognize and learn about them.
Scan the QR code provided Download and install the Artivive app Pages with icons are AR integrated View animated photos through your mobile phone 1. 2. 3. 4. AR Instruction Page | 8
Pasang Brunei's Legacy: Ancient Game Page | 10
Pasang DESCRIPTION It is a square-shaped and has a frame on the edge to prevent the buah pasang from falling or getting out, used as a tool in the game of pairs. There are two main tools in this game which are the board surface with longitudinal and horizontal lines at the same distance; and 120 buah pasang, 60 of which are white and 60 of which are black and also known as a kas, a mobile piece in blue and red color. Today, people use buttons as the buah pasang. HOW TO PLAY The game is played by two players and require a board and two different coloured pieces which are white (1 point) and black (½ point). The motive of playing pasang is to capture the most buah pasang and participants are only allowed to capture an odd number of buah pasang only. Players who have expertise will arrange strategies to defeat the opponent so that the opponent cannot continue the game (counted as a point). If this happens, the player cannot continue the game and is counted as a defeat. MATERIALS Wooden board with 120 squares 120 buah pasang; 60 white and 60 black Kas (mobile piece); 1 red and 1 blue NUMBER OF PLAYERS 2 players Page | 11
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B Brunei's L a egacy t : Anc u ient Game Simban Page | 14
Batu Simban DESCRIPTION The materials used in batu simban games are some white stones that are round and medium in size. It is usually collected from piles of small stones used to fill roads or make buildings. This game is mainly played by children and teenage girls during old times. Each player must have a few small stones, usually 5 to 7 before starting the game. The game is started by turning over the stones with the hands, whoever keeps the most stones in the palm of their hand will start the game. HOW TO PLAY The way to determine the lot is to start by tossing all the small stones from the palm of the hand and catching them with the back of the hand, and then tossing them again and finally catching them back into the palm of the hand. Whoever can catch all the stones will be the first player, if the other player is unable to catch all or less than the first tosser, they will be the second player and so on. The way of playing this game is to toss the stones on the floor. Each stone will be tossed into the air and at the same time, each stone on the floor must be collected. This action will continue until all the stones on the floor are collected. MATERIALS Small stones (5-7 stones) NUMBER OF PLAYERS 2 players Page | 15
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Congkak Brunei's Legacy: Ancient Game Page | 18
Congkak DESCRIPTION Oval-shaped that is made of wood, partly carved. The middle part has small round holes (house) arranged in a row and next to each other, used to fill in buah congkak, usually, small marbles and other suitable materials. A gadung (storehouse) is located at the end of each side of the congkak and is used to store the buah congkak. This game is usually held to enliven a public event such as weddings, showcases and also competitions. HOW TO PLAY This game can be played simultaneously by both players by taking the buah congkak from one hole and inserting it one by one into the holes of the congkak (house) on both sides. Moreover, each participant can also start the game separately by playing rock, paper and scissors to decide who goes first. The player must wait for the opponent to play until it reaches an empty hole after hitting the last piece, allowing the other player to continue the game. Turn-based play continues until all of the buah congkak has been used. The player who has the most buah congkak in their gadung (storehouse) is the winner. MATERIALS Wooden board (Congkak) Marbles NUMBER OF PLAYERS 2 players Page | 19
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Gasing Brunei's Legacy: Ancient Game Page | 22
Gasing DESCRIPTION A kind of traditional pivoted game that can be rotated by using a rope wrapped around the top part of gasing. The shape is like a buah pedada (mangrove apple) which is round and flat. It is made of tree trunks and pegs (nails or wood) are attached. Usually, gasings that are made of wood are mainly used by professionals, especially for tournaments. Meanwhile, gasing that is made of rubber is usually used for beginners who wanted to learn the basics of playing gasing or can also be used for a training session. HOW TO PLAY Typically, there are two ways to play gasing. First, hammering, which means that the spinning gasing will be hammered with other gasing by the opponent. Second, play the game in a spin, which involves moving the gasing using the rope and setting it down on the thin board before continuing to play until the gasing stops. The winner will be the one who remains the longest. MATERIALS Gasing (Wood or rubber) Rope Thin board NUMBER OF PLAYERS Individual or group Page | 23
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Tinting Brunei's Legacy: Ancient Game Page | 26
Tinting HOW TO PLAY Before the game begins, a vote is held to decide who shall play first, for instance by playing rock, paper, scissors. After making a choice, the first player must throw the buah to the first square and then jump with one foot to the second square and so on. As a player begins the jump, they are not permitted to switch their feet (left or right). When a player crosses the line or stepped on the square where the buah is in, their turn is considered to be cancelled, and the other player now takes over the game. MATERIALS Designated court Buah (flat-shaped object) NUMBER OF PLAYERS 2-4 players DESCRIPTION Usually, Tinting is played in groups where there are 2 to 4 people in a court that is in the form of squares on the ground. In villages, Tinting courts are usually made by scratching lines on the ground only, but the situation is different with children who are in housing estates or in town areas where there is no yard, they can use powdered chalk or anything that can be drawn on the tarmac or tiles. The square can be 8 to 10 squares in a court depending on the players' preferences. Players also need flat-shaped objects or buah about the size of half a palm made of anything, such as pieces of coconut shell, or flat pieces of stone to mark and move their position in the squares of the court. Page | 27
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