SPM PAPER 2

1119/2

MODUL PENGAJARAN & PEMBELAJARAN
BAGI PENINGKATAN PRESTASI BAHASA INGGERIS SPM 2016

Ketua Penasihat : En. Dzolkapli Bin Haji Haron
Penasihat : Cik Maznah Hanim bt Baharum Shah

(Penolong Pengarah Bahasa Inggeris JPPP)
Pn. Chuah Poh Sek

(Penolong PPDTL Bahasa Inggeris Menengah)

Panel Penulis Modul

Pn. Ang Sui Lyn (SMK Perempuan Methodist)
Pn. Nizaha bt Abu Hassan (SMK Mengkuang)

Pn. Sharon Ooi Lay Suan (SMJK Union)
Pn. Su Ju Shih (SMK Convent Pulau Tikus)

Pn. Tan Lay Poh (SMK Air Itam)
Pn. Wong Chiew Lee (SMK Lelaki Methodist)
Pn. Yogeswary a/p Suppramaniam (SMK Westlands)

Pn. Zarina bt Hashim (SMK Mak Mandin)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

TEACHING & LEARNING ASPECTS

1. SECTION A: RATIONAL CLOZE (Q8 ~ Q15)

1.1 Tips on Answering Rational Cloze
1.2 Grammar
1.3 Articles, Exercise 1, Exercise 2
1.4 Conjunctions / Connectors, Exercise 1, Exercise 2
1.5 Tenses, Exercise 1, Exercise 2, Exercise 3, Exercise 4
1.6 Rational Cloze Practice A, B, C, D
1.7 Suggested Answers

2. SECTION B: INFORMATION TRANSFER (Q16 ~ Q25)
2.1 Guidelines on Information Transfer
2.2 Practice 1 (Theme: Social Issues)
2.3 Practice 2 (Theme : People)
2.4 Practice 3 (Theme : Environment)
2.5 Practice 4 (Theme : Health)
2.6 Practice 5 (Theme : ICT)
2.7 Practice 6 (Theme : Social Issues)
2.8 Suggested Answers

3. SECTION C: READING COMPREHENSION (Q26 ~ Q30)
3.1 Guidelines on Reading Comprehension
3.2 Pre-Reading: Activity 1 & Activity 2
3.3 While-Reading: Exercise 1 & Exercise 2
3.4 Post-Reading Activities
3.5 Practices 1 - 6

4. SECTION C: SUMMARY WRITING (Q31)
4.1 Tips and Steps for Summary Writing
4.2 Exercises 1 - 9
4.3 Summary Writing Practices 1 – 7
4.4 Suggested Answers

PREFACE

This Teaching and Learning Module is aimed at assisting English language teachers in
carrying out remedial and enrichment activities in the classroom. There are four sections
altogether and each section is made up of a step by step guide in teaching each component
described followed by related exercises and finally a range of practices based on actual SPM
formatted questions.

The following are the components that are assessed in Sections A, B and C of the SPM 1119
English Language Paper 2 :

1. Rational Cloze
2. Information Transfer
3. Comprehension
4. Summary

Teachers can adopt and adapt the given exercises according to their students’ proficiency
levels as well as the lesson that they planned for the day.

It is hoped that teachers who are new in teaching these components will find the tips and steps
helpful in engaging and empowering their students. Experienced teachers may find this
module useful as they will revisit the basic steps in teaching these four components.

TEACHING & LEARNING ASPECTS : PAPER

LEARNING INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE ACTIVITIES
OUTCOME (STEPS)

Students should be Cloze tests measure a Exercises on articles,
able to incorporate all language learner's overall conjunctions/
the grammar items communicative ability in the connectors and tenses
learned in the rational target language as well as
cloze exercises. assess second language
learning and reading
comprehension.

The purpose of a rational
cloze is to enable the
students to identify and use
the correct grammar items
in a given text.

The rational cloze test is
regarded as a very efficient

test for measuring
students’ integrative

competence in using the
language.

R 2 (SECTION A: RATIONAL CLOZE)

STRATEGIES/ THINKING ASSESSMENT
RESOURCES SKILLS

Using Bloom’s Cloze procedure Assessment for

Taxonomy, grammar is involves the skills of Rational Cloze is

s. introduced and taught thinking, in Section A of

based on grammatical understanding, reading 1119 Paper 2 of

rules and applying these and writing based on the English
rules in answering the the learner’s underlying Language SPM

rational cloze. knowledge of reading examination.

comprehension and

writing sub-skills such

as grammar and

sentence construction.

Process the
information provided by
understanding and
applying the grammar
rules

TEACHING & LEARNING ASPECTS : PAPER 2 (

LEARNING INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE ACTIVITIES
OUTCOME (STEPS)
Obtain information for Brainstorming session
different purposes by Information Transfer
reading an Reading the
advertisement, table, requires the transfer of advertisement, table,
chart, notice, poster, chart, etc. (pair work)
etc. information or data from a
Transferring informatio
Process information visual graphic to the spaces (pair work)
by skimming and
scanning for specific provided and the main idea Example of group
information and activity: Creating a
ideas. is 'find the keywords'. poster of a Spelling Be
competition and
Read the questions first and presenting it to the
identify the keywords class.
needed to arrive at the
answer.

Read the text/ diagram
given and try to find
matching keywords.

The answer is normally in
the same sentence as the
keyword found in the text/
diagram.

Students should show their
understanding by adapting
or adopting the information
acquired onto the graphic
visual, diagram, table, etc.

(SECTION B: INFORMATION TRANSFER)

STRATEGIES/ THINKING ASSESSMENT

RESOURCES SKILLS

n Skimming: reading Processing information Assessment for

quickly through a text to by transferring the text Information

get an overall idea of its to visual form. Transfer is in

content. Brainstorming. Section B of 1119
Paper 2 of the
Scanning: Making a list. English language
on SPM examination.
Skimming and
Looking for specific scanning. Feedback from
words, phrases and students based on
items of information

ee Newspaper Transferring their real life
advertisements, information. situation.

posters, notices, graphic ICT skills. Words produced
organisers, etc. by students.

Students’
creativity.

TEACHING & LEARNING ASPECTS : PAPER 2 (S

LEARNING INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE ACTIVITIES
OUTCOME (STEPS)

Students should be Reading Comprehension is Question & Answer
able to an important element of all Session
- read a variety of study skills. Reading with
texts critically and speed and understanding is a True & False Quest
proficiently to time management tool,
demonstrate in writing involves note taking, and is Meanings of Words
or speech the necessary for test taking.
comprehension, Filling in the blanks
analysis, and
interpretation of those - prepare your study space Post-Reading Activi
texts;
- scan the chapter for major
context points

- demonstrate - read the introduction, the
knowledge and first sentence of every
comprehension of paragraph and the conclusion
major texts and
traditions of language - actively highlight what is
and literature written in required to answer questions
English as well as that are related to the text.
their social, cultural,
theoretical, and
historical contexts by
responding
appropriately to
questions related to
the text provided.

SECTION C – READING COMREHENSION)

STRATEGIES/ THINKING ASSESSMENT
RESOURCES SKILLS

tions Comprehension Comprehension Assessment for
skills – Reading
strategies are conscious understanding Comprehension is
plans — sets of steps information, in Section C of
interpreting facts, 1119 Paper 2 of the
that good readers use to predicting English language
consequences, SPM examination.
make sense of text. applying
information
Comprehension strategy
instruction helps
students become
ities purposeful, active
readers who are in
control of their own
reading comprehension.

These seven strategies
have research-based
evidence for improving
text comprehension.

- Monitoring
comprehension
- Metacognition
- Graphic and semantic
organisers
- Answering questions
- Generating questions
- Recognising story
structure
- Summarising

TEACHING & LEARNING ASPECTS : PAPER

LEARNING INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE ACTIVITIES
OUTCOME (STEPS)

Students should be The purpose of a summary is - word level (word
able to to give the reader, in about substitution)
- analyze and interpret 1/3 of the original length of an
texts written in article/lecture, a clear, - use of synonyms
English, evaluating objective picture of the
and assessing the original lecture or text. - use of compound
results in written form Most importantly, the words
like a summary, using summary restates only the
appropriate support; main points of a text or a - sentence level
lecture without giving (shortening sentenc
- demonstrate examples or details, such as
knowledge and dates, numbers or statistics. - paragraph level
comprehension of
major texts and
traditions of language
and literature written in
English as well as
their social, cultural,
theoretical, and
historical contexts by
responding
appropriately to
questions related to
the text provided.

2 (SECTION C –SUMMARY WRITING)

STRATEGIES/ THINKING ASSESSMENT
RESOURCES SKILLS

BRUME Strategy Processing Assessment for

information by Summary Writing is

- Bracket the relevant sorting, classifying, in Section C of

lines locating, 1119 Paper 2 of the

- Read the question sequencing, English language

again analyzing, etc. SPM examination.

- Underline the points.

Use questions related to Reasoning by using

the text to help you precise language,

ces) - Make notes making inferences.

- Expand the notes

Interpretation of

Write the summary. text by

summarizing and

paraphrasing text.

Note-taking,
paraphrasing
(using your own
words and
sentence
structure),
condensing

SPM 1119/2 ENGLISH
SECTION A (Q8 – Q15)
RATIONAL CLOZE

RATIONAL CLOZE

TIPS FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING OF GRAMMAR TO ANSWER RATIONAL CLOZE

Rational Cloze Revisit Grammar Read text to get the general idea

Decide the types of text Narrative – simple past
Factual – simple present
Direct speech – simple present
Informal letter & speech – mixture of
tenses

Apply grammar rules or use Unsure of the answer? Use
contextual clues where possible elimination method

Friends Colleagues

WHY GRAMMAR?

Grammar is the tool that all students have to learn and master. Knowledge of grammar will
determine how well students perform in the section on Rational Cloze in 1119/2.

PREPOSITIONS NOUNS

CONJUNCTIONS/ ARTICLES
CONNECTORS PRONOUNS

SUBJECT-VERB GRAMMAR AND ADJECTIVES
AGREEMENT RATIONAL CLOZE

ADVERBS

GERUNDS & VERBS & TENSES
INFINITIVES

* Parts of speech commonly used in rational cloze passages

ARTICLES

Articles

a an the

 A bag  An egg  The sun
 A hole  An island  The star
 A watch  An oval  The red house
 A zebra  An hour  The bravest cat

Exercise 1
Fill in the blanks with a, an or the.

1. My friend works as _________________ engineer.
2. Walter is _________ thinnest boy in the class.
3. Do not disturb me! I’m listening to _____________ radio.
4. _______ honest person is hard to find nowadays.
5. _________ moon shines brightly on the fifteenth of every month.
6. I want to make ___________ appointment to see __________ personnel manager.
7. ________ woman in the photograph looks familiar.
8. I have given ________ blue pen to my friend. _________ pen is expensive.
9. She has ________ idea to make the most beautiful gift box.
10. My aunt is _____________ mysterious lady.

Exercise 2
Fill in the blanks with the correct articles.

Playing ____ wind instrument may help reduce _______ possibility of developing
obstructive sleep apnea. Obstructive sleep apnea is ________ sleep disorder where
breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep. In hopes of finding ________ solution to
treat and prevent sleep apnea, researchers in India tested on sixty-four wind instrument
players and compared them to non-wind instrument players. What they found was that wind
instrument players have ______ relatively lower risk compared to their no-wind instrument
counterparts.

(Adapted from Health Today:June 2015)

CONJUNCTIONS/CONNECTORS
 Conjunctions join words, phrases or clauses. They show the relation between the parts
joined.
 Connectors also join phrases, clauses or sentences to show how one idea is related to
another idea.
 There are only 7 coordinating conjunctions:- and, or, but, nor, so, for, yet. They give
equal importance to the words or sentences they connect.
 A good way to remember the 7 conjunctions:

List of some conjunctions and subordinating conjunctions with examples of how to use
them:-

CONNECTORS

Exercise 1

Join the following pairs of sentences using the linking words given in brackets.

1. The washing machine was cheap. (Although)
It was in good condition.

_____________________________________________________________________

2. It was such a lovely day. (yet)
They stayed indoors.

_____________________________________________________________________

3. I like to go fishing. (but)
I don’t like to eat fish.

_____________________________________________________________________

4. I could not wear the dress. (because)
It was too small.

______________________________________________________________________

5. Suhaila wanted to go camping. (however)
Her father told her not to.

______________________________________________________________________

Exercise 2
Read the text and underline the correct conjunction.

Nowadays, many parents are turning holidays into extended school. They want their
children to learn beyond textbooks 1. (so, or, and) classrooms. 2. (Whether, Although, When)
they opt for holiday home stays in rural areas for their children, they 3. (neither, whether, not
only) get to visit farms 4. (nor, or, but also) try their hands at planting rice, tapping rubber and
playing with traditional tops. However, the urban children find it difficult to adapt to the simple
accommodation. There is no air-conditioning. The toilets are clean 5. (but, or, so) there is no
hot water or shower facilities. Guests bathe using a pail.

Twelve-year-old Siti said, “I want to go back 6. (because, if, but) it is so interesting, 7.
(when, though, since) the loud insect sounds at night are scary.”

(Adapted from Focus Goal English)

TENSES

 For narratives : past tense
 For factual texts : present tense
 For informal letters : mixture of tenses

Exercise 1
Put the verbs into the correct tense (Simple Present or Present Progressive)

1. Look! Sara (go) to the movies.

2. On her right hand, Sara (carry) her handbag.

3. The handbag (be) very beautiful.

4. Sara usually (put) on black shoes but now she (wear) white
trainers.

5. And look, she (take) an umbrella because it (rain)

Exercise 2
Put the verbs into the correct tense (Simple Past or Past Perfect)

1. When he (wake up) , his mother (already /

prepare) breakfast

2. We (go) to London because our friends (invite) us

3. He (hear) the news, (go) to the telephone and

(call) a friend.

4. When she (start) learning English she (already

/learn) French.

5. Jane (already / type) three pages when her computer

(crash) .

6. By the time the doctor (arrive) at the house the patient (die) .
them.
7. Before that day we (never / think) of traveling to Japan.

8. I (know) him a long time before I (meet) his family.

9. They (not / know) where to meet because nobody (tell)

10. It (be) cloudy for days before it (begin) to rain.

Exercise 3
Put the verbs into the correct tense (Simple Past or Present Perfect).

1. I (just / finish) my homework.
2. Mary (already / write) five letters.
3. Tom (move)
4. My friend (be) to his home town in 1994.
5. I (not / be) in Canada two years ago.
6. But I (already / travel)
to Canada so far.
to London a couple of times.

7. Last week, Mary and Paul (go) to the cinema.

8. I can't take any pictures because I (not /buy) a new film yet.

9. (they / spend) their holidays in Paris last summer?

10. (you / ever / see ) a whale?

Exercise 4
Put the verbs into the correct tense (Simple Past or Past Progressive).

1. The receptionist (welcome) the guests and (ask) them to fill
in the form.

2. The car (break) down and we (have) to walk home.

3. The boys (swim) while the girls (sunbath) .

4. My father (come) in, (look) and (tell) me to
tidy up my room.

5. While one group (prepare) dinner the others (collect) wood
for the campfire.

6. While the parents (have) breakfast the children (run) about.

7. Martha (turn) off the light and (go) to bed.

Rational Cloze - Practice A

Choose the best answer from the options A, B, C and D.

Years ago, as a newly-qualified teacher, I was posted to a school in a small village. There was
only one coffee shop, ___1___ sundry shop and a bicycle repair shop. The village had piped
water ___2___ no electricity supply. There ___3___ no public transport at night. ___4___, the
lack of amenities in the village did not bother me much. The students ___5___ hardworking
and eager to learn. There were no discipline ___6___. I had to ___7___ a set of living quarters
with two others and we had to cook our own meals. In the evenings and during weekends we
went fishing or ___8___ round the many surrounding villages. At weddings and festivals, we
were showered with food. ___9___ village folk respected ___10___ and made us feel wanted.
I'll never forget their warmth and kindness.

1. (A) a 3. (A) is
(B) an (B) are
(C) the (C) was
(D) -- (D) were

2. (A) and 4. (A) Moreover
(B) but (B) Therefore
(C) or (C) Since
(D) both (D) However

5. (A) is 8. (A) cycle
(B) are (B) cycles
(C) was (C) cycled

(D) were (D) cycling

6. (A) problems 9. (A) A
(B) difficulties (B) An
(C) challenges (C) The
(D) attitudes (D) --

7. (A) live 10. (A) us
(B) make (B) we
(C) share (C) me
(D) divide (D) you

Rational Cloze - Practice B

Choose the best answer from the options A, B, C and D.

Students today have to sit for exam after exam. Studying for exams is ___1___ inevitable part
of a ___2___ life. Some study regularly and systematically. ___3___ do it in fits and starts,
finally cramming at the last minute, ___4___ themselves unnecessary stress. When you study
or read, write brief notes on ___5___ points in the margin. Write a summary of each chapter.
Writing the notes in your own ___6___ means that you have ___7___ what you have read or
studied. Then there is no need to reread everything ___8___ the exam. Looking ___9___ your
notes or your summaries will help ___10___ remember or recall what you have read as you
can't memorize everything you read.

1. (A) a 6. (A) words
(B) an (B) ideas
(C) the (C) way
(D) -- (D) writing

2. (A) student 7. (A) understand
(B) students (B) understands
(C) student's (C) understood
(D) students' (D) understanding

3. (A) Other 8. (A) near
(B) Others (B) before
(C) Any (C) during
(D) Another (D) prior

4. (A) cause 9. (A) at
(B) causes (B) by
(C) caused (C) for
(D) causing (D) after

5. (A) certain 10. (A) one
(B) special (B) us
(C) important (C) you
(D) interesting (D) them

Rational Cloze - Practice C

Choose the best answer from the options A, B, C and D.

Dear Janet,

Thank you for the invitation to join your family for a holiday in Pulau Langkawi. I would
___1___ to accept. I am looking forward to ___2___ you and the others. You told me that you
would ___3___ your parents in Penang first. Give them my ___4___ when you see them. It's
been many years ___5___ I last saw them. I think it was at your sister's wedding. By the way,
___6___ is your grandmother? She must now be over eighty years of age! My family is doing
fine except for my other grandmother who ___7___ from arthritis and frequently ___8___ of
pain. I have been really busy and the ___9___ of a holiday by the sea is really attractive. I'll
meet you ___10___ the hotel on the fifteenth. I will be taking the afternoon flight and should be
there by dinner time. Goodbye for now.

Love,
Lina

1. (A) love 6. (A) who
(B) happy (B) where
(C) eager (C) when
(D) delighted (D) how

2. (A) see 7. (A) suffer
(B) saw (B) suffers
(C) seen (C) suffered
(D) seeing (D) has suffered

3. (A) visit 8. (A) talks
(B) visits (B) discusses
(C) visited (C) suggests
(D) visiting (D) complains

4. (A) wishes 9. (A) dream
(B) regards (B) wonder
(C) affection (C) idea
(D) greetings (D) ambition

5. (A) before 10. (A) by
(B) after (B) at
(C) since (C) on
(D) when (D) outside

Rational Cloze - Practice D

Choose the best answer from the options A, B, C and D.

I grew up in a big family. When I ___1___ young, times were hard. With six children to feed,
clothe and educate, my parents ___2___ a tough time. They ___3___ to make ends meet. Food
was sometimes scarce. We rarely had new clothes or shoes. ___4___, we had a lot of fun
___5___ our own games. I read a lot as there were a few other ___6___ of entertainment. This
opened a whole new ___7___ to me. I often neglected to do my share of the chores when I
became ___8___ in a book. Now everyone has ___9___ up and most are working away from

home. They come back frequently and when they ___10___, the house is full of noise and
laughter.

1. (A) am 6. (A) sources
(B) are (B) methods
(C) was (C) ways
(D) were (D) places

2. (A) has 7. (A) universe
(B) have (B) world
(C) had (C) earth
(D) having (D) land

3. (A) struggle 8. (A) taken
(B) struggled (B) caught
(C) have struggled (C) obsessed
(D) had struggled (D) absorbed

4. (A) And 9. (A) grew
(B) Since (B) is growing
(C) Besides (C) grown
(D) However (D) growing

5. (A) invent 10. (A) do
(B) invents (B) did
(C) invented (C) done
(D) inventing (D) have done

ANSWER KEY – Rational Cloze

Articles Exercise 1 Exercise 2
Exercise 2
1. an 1. a
2. the 2. the
3. the 3. a
4. an 4. a
5. the 5. a
6. an, the
7. the
8. the, the
9. an
10. a

Conjunctions/Connectors 1. and
Exercise 1 2. when
3. not only
1. Although the washing machine was 4. but also
cheap, it was in a good condition. 5. but
6. because
2. It was such a lovely day, yet they stayed 7. though
indoors.

3. I like to go fishing but I don’t like to eat
fish.

4. I could not wear the dress because it was
too small.

5. Suhaila wanted to go camping, however,
her father told her not to.

Tenses Exercise 2 Exercise 3 Exercise 4
Exercise 1 1. woke up, had 1. have just finished 1. welcomed, asked
already prepared 2. had already written 2. broke, had
1. is going 2. went, had invited 3. moved 3. were swimming,
2. is carrying 3. heard, called 4. was were sunbathing
3. is 4. started, had already 5. have not been 4. looked, told
4. puts, is wearing learned 6. have already 5. was preparing, were
5. is taking, is raining 5. had already typed, travelled collecting
crashed 7. went 6. were having, were
6. arrived, had died 8. have not bought running
7. had never thought 9. did they spend 7. turned, went
8. had known, met 10. have you ever
9. did not know, had seen
told
10. had been, began

SPM 1119/2
ENGLISH

SECTION B

INFORMATION
TRANSFER

INFORMATION TRANSFER

Useful guidelines in teaching and learning Information Transfer

Make sure that the students You need to choose the
do not just copy chunks appropriate text / material (for
example, a diagram, depending
without understanding them. on the content).

Teacher Considerations

Information transfer charts can
highlight the structure of a text to make
it easier for students to follow.

What students need to do :
Skim through the stimulus and get the general
idea of the whole context. Scan for specific
words, phrases and items of information.

Read through the text carefully and
pay attention to details.

Tip: Take note of the titles or the
headlines.

Read the question
carefully.

Underline keywords
and lift your answer.

Tip: Be brief. Leave the
unnecessary phrases.

Practice 1 (Theme: Social Issues)
Read the advertisement below and answer the questions that follow:

Millenia Bank and The Sky Times present

Bee Challenge 2016

Spelling can be tricky. Two words when joined can form a new word that has its own

meaning. Join the Spelling Bee Challenge. Stand a chance to win over RM300,000

worth of prizes. Only the top 100 best spellers will advance to compete in the State
Challenge. Spell it right and be the rightful national champion.

For enquiries, please log on to spellingbee.theskytimes.com.my or call the Spelling Bee
Registration Secretariat at 04-3456751 (Monday – Friday, 9.00 am – 5 pm).

” To learn to read is to light a fire; every syllable spelled out sparkles”

State Challenge Schedule

Date State Venue

July 31 & August 1 Terengganu Indah Hotel, Kuala Terengganu

August 1 & 2 Kuala Lumpur Impiana City Mall, Petaling Jaya

August 8 & 9 Sabah Mentari Sabah, Kota Kinabalu

Perlis Dewan Murni, Kangar

August 15 & 16 Pahang Kuantan City Mall, Kuantan

Sarawak Mines Shopping Mall, Kuching

August 21 & 22 Kelantan Happy Mall, Kota Baru

August 22 & 23 Melaka Jiwa Parade, Melaka

September 4 & 5 Johor Harbour Plaza City Mall

Kedah Town Mall, Sungai Petani

September 6 & 7 Penang Coral Bay Mall, Penang

Jointly organised by: Endorsed by:

The Sky Times Millennia Bank Ministry of Education

Malaysia

(Adapted from New Straits Times, 11 June 2015)

Organisers Spelling Bee Challenge

1. ____________________________________________

2. ____________________________________________

Theme

3. ____________________________________________

____________________________________________

Number of best spellers to 4. ____________________________________________
compete in the state [4 marks]
challenge

5. In order to be the champion, the participant should be able to ___________________
[1 mark ]

6. The Penang State Challenge will be held at ______________________ on September

6th and 7th . [1 mark ]

7. When can you take part in the Spelling Bee Competition if you are in Kelantan?

________________________________________ [1 mark ]

8. What must you do if you need more information?

a. _________________________________________ [1 mark ]

b. _________________________________________ [1 mark ]

9. How many states will be having the competition in one day?

_____________________ (1 mark ]

Total [10 marks]

Practice 2 (Theme: People)

Read the article below and use the information given to complete the following task.

Justin Bieber is a Canadian pop star and actor. He was born on the
1st of March in 1994. He wanted to be a musician for as long as he could
remember. When he was a child, he taught himself to play the piano, guitar,
trumpet and drums. In 2007, his mother posted many videos of him singing
covers of blues and soul songs. A record company executive saw one and
in 2008 Bieber signed for Island Records.

Bieber's first single, "One Time", reached number 17 on America’s
Billboard Hot 100. His first album, “My World”, was released in November
2009. It went platinum in the U.S. He went on tour to promote the album.
The 3D movie of the tour nearly broke the sales record for the biggest
opening weekend for a concert movie. Bieber also appeared on many
prime time TV shows in the U.S.

Bieber has become an international star in a very short period of
time. In 2010 he won the Artist of the Year award at the American Music
Awards. He was also nominated for Best New Artist at the Grammy’s.
Bieber appeared in several TV roles, including in the hit TV series CSI.. He
has also sung on records for charity to help victims of the Haiti and Japan
earthquakes.

Justin Bieber is a modern-day star. He is highly popular on Internet
sites. He has over six million followers on Twitter, which he uses to chat
with his fans. Bieber had been linked to reality TV star Kim Kardashian
and Selena Gomez, although Bieber says this was just gossip. He is also
often the target of criticism and pranks on the Internet.

(Adapted from http://www.famouspeoplelessons.com/j/justin_bieber.html)

Using the information from the article, write short answers in the spaces provided.

Birth name: Origin country:
1. __________________ 2. _______________________
_____________ _________________________
__________
________________________
___________ Songs’ genre in 2007:
One musical instrument blues
played during childhood:
3. ______________________ 4. __________________
__
Bieber’s first single:
5. ______________________ ________________________
___________
Award received in 2010: Bieber’s first album:
7. _____________________ 6. ______________________

Number of Twitter followers: Objective of charity records:
9. _______________________ 8 __________________________
____________________________
__

One of reality TV stars he has
been linked with:
10. __________________________

Total [10 marks]

Practice 3 (Theme: Environment) Person to contact:
Read the poster below and complete the graphic organizer that follows:
Anna:
artplanet 0135648732

Save the Earth

ART CONTEST

“Earth was created for all of us, not some of us”

Date: April 4 2016 Venue: Perda City Mall Time: 9:00 a.m. – 12:30 p.m.

Target
Students aged 17 years and
above only

Website
www.artplanet/art_contest.com

Awards
Champion : RM1000
1st runner up : RM800
2nd runner up : RM500
20 consolation prizes

Tentative Programme

9:00 a.m. Registration begins.
9:30 a.m. Rules and regulations announced by the MC.
9:45 a.m. - 11:45 a.m. Participants are required to draw, paint and
colour within this 2 hour period.
11:45 a.m.-12:00 p.m. Selection of winners
12:00 p.m. – 12:30 p.m. Prize giving ceremony
12:30 p.m. Contest ends.

Save the Earth Art Contest

Theme: Date:
1.________________________________ 2. ________________________________

Venue: Time:
3. ________________________________ 4. ________________________________

Organized by: Target:
5. ________________________________ 6. ________________________________

1st prize winner will receive: Number of consolation prizes:
7. ________________________________ 8. ________________________________

Website: Person to contact:
9. ________________________________ 10. ________________________________

Total [10 marks]

Practice 4 (Theme: Health)
Read the following poster and complete the graphic organiser that follows.

SEMINAR
Current Issues on Teen Health

Organised by

Malaysian Medical A special seminar to prepare young teens of all races to
Association, face the current health issues among teenagers will be held from

Malaysian Brain Health 2 p.m until 5:00 p.m on Sunday, 8th May 2016. There will be
Society, talks and workshops to discuss latest health issues and
challenges among teens.
Morgana Institution
Grab your chance to find out more about your health
issues and learn how to overcome them.

Venue: Register now to avoid disappointment!!
Westin Hotel, Penang
Conference Room, Level 3

Programme

Speakers 2:00 pm Registration
2:30 pm
Dr. Edward Cullen “Helping Teens Overcome Stress
Consultant 3:15 pm and Feelings of Pressure”
3:55 pm by Dr.Taylor Swift
Emotional Health 4:35 pm
Penang Medical Centre 4:45 pm “Anxiety in Children 7 to 17 years
5:00 pm old” by Dr. Selena Gomez
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Selena Gomez
Senior Lecturer & Consultant “The Top 7 Health Risks Teenagers
Face” by Dr. Edward Cullen
Faculty of Medicine
Universiti Sains Malaysia Q & A session

Dr. Taylor Swift Workshop
Counsellor
Hi Tea
Centre for Emotional Health
Morgana Institution

Fee: RM 25
(food and drinks)

Using the information from the poster given, complete the graphic organiser below.

Fee: Time:
10_____________________ 1______________________

Venue:
2______________________

Activities: Current Issues Organisers:
8_______________________ on 3_______________________

9_______________________ Teen Health 4_______________________

5_______________________

Name of speakers:
6_______________________

7_______________________

Total [10 marks]

Practice 5 (Theme: ICT)

Read the following information and answer the questions that follow.

Sonny

Do more than you thought possible at only RM 1,921.78. The
Sonny Xperian Z3 is designed to keep up with your life – wherever
you go. Equipped with 4.4 (KitKat) processor, 16 GB internal
memory and waterproof design, now you can take your Xperian
Z3 anywhere to live life to the fullest! Shoot stunning photos and
videos with Sonny’s high-quality camera technologies. You can
even take stunning visuals underwater! Every image you capture
will be crisp, bright and sharp – exactly as you remember it with its 20.7 MP rear camera.
Combined with a super-slim body and aluminium frame at only 152g, Xperian Z3 is the
smartphone that teams durability with beauty. Best of all, you won’t miss a thing on its
impressive 5.2” display, which provides a wide palate of rich, natural colours that combine to
form amazingly sharp, clear images

Samson

A new type of smart phone, borne of insight and innovation. It is the
ultimate on-the-go device using Android OS, v5.1.1 (Lollipop) with
32GB internal memory. The 5.7" display is the largest screen size
with smartphone portability which allows you to see more and do
more, while on the go. The S Pen creates a best-in-class mobile
input experience. It is equipped with advanced 16MP camera and
with the powerful camera feature, you can capture the world’s every
moment in deep detail. At a reasonable price of RM 1063.60 This 171g powerful device will be
yours.

jPhone

Easy to use, capable of so much and light (192g), jOS 9 was
engineered to work hand in hand with the advanced technologies
built into jPhone together with its 16GB internal memory. Many
built-in apps have been optimised to make the most of the
5.5”display.

Place your finger on the Home button, and just like that your jPhone
unlocks. Touch ID is just as secure as before and now works even faster. The jSight camera
captures beautiful 12-megapixel still photos. All you have to do is find something beautiful and
tap the shutter button for the best, most awe-inspiring photos you’ve ever taken. Get yours
for RM 3675.00 inclusive of GST.

Based on the information given above, complete the diagram below.

Models

jPhone Samson Sonny

Specifications 4.4 (KitKat)
processor
Operating System jOs 9 1._______________

Memory 2. _______________ 32GB 16 GB

Camera 12 MP 3._______________ 20.7 MP

Display 5.5” 5.7" 4. ______________

Weight 5. _______________ 171g 152g

[5 marks]

Complete the sentences below based on the given information.

6. Ali loves outdoor sports. He spends most of his free time scuba-diving. Which model is
most suitable for him?

_______________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

7. Mother plans to buy an affordable phone for Linda who is homesick. Suggest a phone
model that mother should get for Linda.

_______________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

8. The phone which has the highest storage capacity is ____________________________
[1 mark]

9. A photo enthusiast would choose a Sonny phone because ________________________
[1 mark]

10. “By just placing your finger on the Home button, you can unlock your phone.”
Which model offers this feature?

______________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

Total [10 marks]

Practice 6 (Theme: Social Issues)

Read the following article and complete the graphic organiser that follows.

KL Art Programme 2015

It was Sunday morning at the Lake Garden and he's
dressed in a comfortable getup of track pants and a short-
sleeved T-shirt.

But KL Mayor Datuk Ahmad Phesal Talib was not there
for a jog. Instead, he was there to join a group of
volunteers who were busy painting murals at Jalan
Cenderasari near Masjid Negara.

The murals are part of City Hall's ongoing KL Art
Programme 2015. It is aimed at beautifying the city by
adding artistic elements to permanent public structures such as feeder pillars, benches, walls
and fences, gantries and other service structures. The programme is expected to be
completed by 15 December 2015.

In this programme, volunteers —groups or individuals — are invited to share and showcase
their artistic skills and creativity. City Hall, meanwhile, provides the venues and materials.

"We encourage city folk to take part in such activities, to make them appreciate city living," he
said, before grabbing a brush and joining the volunteers.

The volunteers at this spot were 10 former schoolmates from Tunku Kurshiah College (batch
of 1983), who have been working on the murals for the past four weeks.

"It all started from our Whatsapp chat group when one of us suggested that we volunteer our
services. We got together and began work on the murals on weekends and public holidays
since we all have jobs," said Dr. Rohaya Ramli.

Together with their family, the group turned the event into a picnic outing.

"Tourists started to join us not only to paint murals but also to taste our packed food," she
added.

Based on the information given, complete the table below.
KL Art Programme 2015

Location 1_________________________________________________

Aim of programme 2_________________________________________________

Expected date of 3_________________________________________________
completion

Murals painted during 4_________________________________________________

5_________________________________________________

The volunteers 6_________________________________________________
[6 marks]

Complete the sentences below based on the given information.

7. The volunteers in this programme have the opportunity ___________________________

_______________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

8. The city folks who take part in this activity will be able to __________________________

_______________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

9. The idea to work on the murals started when one of them suggested __ ______________

________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

10. Besides painting the murals, the tourists joined the programme ____________________

________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

Total [10 marks]

Answer Key – Information Transfer

Practice 1 (Theme: Social Issues)

1. Millennia Bank
2. The Sky Times
3. to learn to read is to light a fire; every syllable spelled out sparkles”
4. 100
5. spell words correctly
6. Coral Bay Mall
7. August 21 & 22
8. Log on to spellingbee.theskytimes.com.my or
9. call the Spelling Bee Registration Secretariat at 04-3456751
10. 3

Practice 2 (Theme: People)

1. Justin Bieber
2. Canada
3. guitar/drum/piano/trumpet (choose any one)
4. soul
5. One time
6. My world
7. Artist of the year
8. To help victims of the Haiti and Japan earthquakes
9. Six million
10. Selena Gomez/Kim Kardashian (choose any one)

Practice 3 (Theme: Environment)

1. Earth was created for all of us, not some of us.
2. April 4 2016
3. Perda City Mall
4. 9.00 a.m. – 12.30 p.m.
5. Art planet
6. Students age 17 and only
7. RM1000 and certificate
8. 20
9. www.artplanet/art_contest.com
10. Anna

Practice 4 (Theme: Health)

1. 2.00 p.m. – 5.00 p.m.

2. Westin Hotel, Penang (Conference Room, Level 3)

3. Malaysian Medical Association

4. Malaysian Brain Health Society interchangeable

5. Morgana Institution

6. Dr Edward Cullen

7. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Selena Gomez any two

Dr Taylor Swift

8. Talks

9. Q & A session any two

Workshop

10. RM25

Practice 5 (Theme: ICT)

1. Android OS, v5.1.1(Lollipop)
2. 16GB
3. 16 MP
4. 5.2”
5. 192 g
6. Sonny
7. Samson
8. Samson
9. It has 20.7 MP rear camera
10. jPhone

Practice 6 (Theme: Social Issues)

1. Jalan Cenderasari (near Masjid Negara)
2. Beautifying the city (by adding artistic elements to permanent public structures)
3. 15 December 2015
4. Weekends
5. Public holidays
6. 10 former school mates from Tunku Kurshiah College (batch of 1983)
7. Share and showcase the artistic skills and creativity
8. Appreciate city living
9. In their Whatsapp chat group
10. To taste their packed food

SPM 1119/2
ENGLISH

SECTION C

READING
COMPREHENSION

READING COMPREHENSION

TEACHING READING
COMPREHENSION

PRE-READING ACTIVITIES WHILE-READING POST-READING
ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES

1. Q+A session to 1. Students infer 1. Identifying the WH question
elicit previous meaning from text words in questions to make
knowledge / topic of connection to the question
discussion 2. Match words with and facilitate answer search
meanings from a
2. True/False questions given list 2. Knowledge of difference
as reinforcement to between word and phrase
elicit previous 3. Fill in the blanks with
knowledge the correct words as 3. Teach students to rephrase/
reinforcement to give personal responses to
show understanding questions that require
of the meaning personal responses

Reading Comprehension

A. Pre-Reading

Activity 1
Q+A session to elicit previous knowledge / topic of discussion

Name some of the modern inventions that have helped human beings in the world of
communications.
Which is the most important in your life? Why?
What can’t you live without? Food? Clothes? Computers? Mobile phones?
If you were given RM1000.00, what is the first thing you would do with it?
Why do we change our mobile phones so often although they can still be used?
What do you do with your old phones?

Activity 2
True / False questions

Mobile phones are important in our lives. _____
Mobile phones which are not disposed of properly can be hazardous to the
environment. _____
Old mobile phones can be donated to charitable homes. _____
There are many companies which are offering recycling services for old mobile phones.
_____
Everyone will recycle his old phones. _____
As everyone continues to get new phones, all the old ones will be sent for recycling.
_______

B. While Reading

Exercise 1 (Meanings of words)
Match the words with their meanings.

1. Indispensable cancer causing substance
2. Polyphonic an area where garbage is dumped
3. Toxic real
4. Pollutants a substance that makes something (air/water/atmosphere)
dirty or unsafe
5. Genuine producing or making many different sounds or voices or
melodies together
6. Landfills thrown away
7. Abandoned given up completely/not taking care of anymore
8. Discarded cannot do without/absolutely necessary/all - important
9. Engrossed having one’s attention taken totally by someone or
something
10. Carcinogen poisonous

Exercise 2

Fill in the blanks with the correct words to show their meanings.

1. Cars have become an ____________________________ part of our lives.
2. You can choose your favourite ringtone from this list of ______________________
ringtones.
3. Many chemicals are highly ___________________ to the environment.
4. Sulphur dioxide is one of the several ______________ that is released into the air and
harmful to the environment.
5. Many fake designer watches are being sold at the price of
__________________________ ones.
6. 90 percent of our household rubbish is dumped in ________________________.
7. The child was found __________________________ in the old hut.
8. He has ___________________________ all the unwanted documents.
9. She was so ___________________ in watching the movie that she did not hear her
mother calling her.
10. Tobacco smoke is classified as a __________________________________.

C. Post-Reading

1. Identify the question word.
What →object or action
Where → place
Why → reason
Who/whom → person
When → time
How → way / method

2. Do not overlift– answer what is required
3. Teach students how to differentiate between word and phrase.
4. Questions with: In your own words / Why do you think / What does the writer mean...

require students’ own responses.

Section C: Reading Comprehension

Passage 1
Questions 26-30 are based on the following passage.

1 Just like any other modern devices, the mobile phone has become an

indispensable part of our lives. These days, we trade our phones for newer units,

with sharper colour screens, digicams, as well as more polyphonic ringtones. We

seem to be getting new phones faster than we get new clothes. However, not all

old mobile phones go back to the market to be resold when the owner decides to 5

get a new unit. Some are left at home to rot in the drawer while others are sent to

the garbage bin, a practice which, at the end of the day, adds to the growing
volume of toxic waste in our country’s landfills. The fear by environmentalists is

that as millions of mobile phones are disposed of with other trash, the possibility

exists for their toxins to be released into the air and even ground water. 10

2 Mobile phones are full of pollutants such as lead (primarily from soldering),
arsenic, antimony, beryllium, copper, nickel, mercury and brominated
flameretardants. Older phone models use nickel-cadmium batteries which contain
cadmium, a toxin and suspected carcinogen. Therefore, the fear of the

environmentalists is genuine. 15

3 Even if Malaysians want to do the ‘right thing’, most are just too engrossed
to figure out the right way to get rid of their phones. A private college student, who
likes to follow the latest trends when it comes to mobile phones, disclosed that
when she buys a new one, the old one goes to her favourite charity.

4 The managing director of the Petaling Jaya Community Centre’s 20

Environment Centre, said that unfortunately it is not often that his office gets

unused or old mobile phones from the public. The few times that it does receive
mobile phones, the units are totally unusable and irreparable and there’s nothing
that can be done apart from tossing them into the centre’s ‘scrap metal’ bin to be

sold for their weight. If there are any that can be used, they are sent to the shop to 25

be repaired.

5 Nokia Malaysia offers a wide range of electronic waste management
services including recycling, processing and refining. According to Nokia, a typical
mobile phone recycling process involves the material being shredded into scrap.
Metal and plastic parts are then separated. The metals are sold to metal refineries, 30
where they are melted and purified for reuse. However, the recycling rate of
plastics is low, partly because recovered plastics often contain impurities.
Fortunately, most recycled plastics are suitable as a fuel replacement for oil. In
addition, the plastic scraps can also be turned into plastic benches and fences.

6 Nokia encourages its mobile phone users to send mobile phones which are 35

beyond repair to them for proper disposal. If not stored in the correct conditions,

old and unused phone batteries may leak and toxic chemicals will be released into

homes. Even if stored in the best conditions, what happens to these phones

eventually? One day, they will probably be discarded with the trash and end up in

landfills. 40

7 Although mobile phone sales continue to climb, it is unlikely that the
number of used phones will decline. All too often the one you used to love and take
everywhere with you, is now left at home, in a drawer, unwanted and abandoned.
However, attitudes are beginning to change as awareness and education grow.
Ongoing campaigns by various governments as well as by companies and 45
organizations within the telecommunications industry can and will help prevent old
mobile phones from making their way to landfills. Hence, it is our social
responsibility as users to help protect the environment for future generations.
Remember: reclaim, reuse and recycle for a greener earth.
(Adapted from The Star, 8 July 2004)

Questions 26 – 30
Answer all questions. You are advised to answer them in the order set.

26(a) In paragraph 1, what has become an important part of our lives?
............…..…………………….......................….………………………………………………
……….................................................................................................................. [1 mark]

(b) Not all mobile phones are traded for newer units. What happens to most of them when
owners get a new one?
............…..…………………….......................….………………………………………………
…………................................................................................................................. [1 mark]

27(a) From paragraph 2, give two reasons why mobile phones are considered dangerous.
(i) ..............………….......................…………………………………..………………………………...

..................................................................................................................................... [1 mark]
(ii) ..............…………......................…………………………………..………………………………

….…............................................................................................................................ [1 mark]

(b) From paragraph 3, find a word which has the same meaning as preoccupied.
(i)............…..………......................……………….………………………………………….. [1 mark]
(ii) What do you think is the ‘right thing’ to do?

............…..…………………….......................….……………………………………………………
…….............................................................................................................................. [1 mark]

28 From paragraph 4, why does the managing director of the Petaling Jaya Community
Centre’s Environment Centre, say “unfortunately it is not often that his office gets unused
or old mobile phones from the public”?

.................................................................................................................................................
............…..…………………….......................….……………………………………………….....

....................................................................................................................................[1 mark]

29 From paragraph 5, state one use of recycled plastics.
............…..…………………….......................….…………………………………………………..
[1 mark]

30 In your own words, state two ways how we can educate the public to recycle their mobile

phones.
(i) ………………………………………………………………………..……...……...........................

………………………………………………………………………..……...………………………
(ii) ………….………………………………..…………..……………………………...........................

..................……………...........................................................................................................
[2 marks]

Passage 2
Questions 26-30 are based on the following passage.

Read the passage about a 10-day course at the Outward Bound School in Lumut.

1 When put together under circumstances that are physically, emotionally and

spiritually taxing, a close bonding among people can occur. What I am going to

relate to you is the experience of a group who started out with fear, anxiety and

distrust but felt a special bond of love and understanding at the end of the period.

Yes, a group of strangers can become closer than a family. 5

2 I will never forget the 10-day course at the Outward Bound School in Lumut.
The term outward bound is used to refer to a ship leaving port to venture out into
the open sea. And that was exactly what we, the participants, were doing. We were
leaving the safe haven of our homes to have a changed self-concept, an increased
understanding of others and to accept physical, mental and social challenges. 10
What we did not realize was how tough it was going to be and more so, the
changes that were going to take place within us.

3 All participants were put in groups called watches, which were named after
famous Malaysian mountains such as Kinabalu, Tahan and Jerai. Each watch
consisted of fifteen participants, headed by one instructor and one assistant. This 15
was to help organize the large group into smaller, more manageable groups.
Moreover, people feel great to be associated with mountains—big, tall, majestic
and inspiring! The instructors guided and encouraged us, especially through the
rough times. We did not quite expect them to encourage us as we came with the
preconceived idea that the instructors were going to be mean and push us to 20
physical and emotional despair. This was far from true. Our instructors and the
other administrative staff proved to be a source of comfort, solace,
encouragement, inspiration and friendship. This was least expected and it goes to
show that life is a store of surprises!

4 I was in the Kinabalu watch with fourteen other participants, all of whom were 25
young professionals sponsored by their companies. Most of the first day was spent
doing tedious administrative work and getting to know one another. Introductions
were particularly awkward at first between the girls and the boys but with a bit of
teasing, giggles and jokes, we soon got to know one another. On the second day,
we were awakened at 6 a.m. for a 2-kilometre run. Many of us were lethargic 30
because we did not have a good night’s sleep. Out large, comfortable dormitories
had one flaw—rats. The detested pests did a fine job of ruining our sleep!

5 After the run came the 12-kilometre hike. The hike up the hill was treacherous
and long. The watches started leaving at 7.30 in the morning and trickled back to
the school only by 6 a.m. the next day. All except one. My watch, Kinabalu, had 35
been the first to leave but had not returned. We got lost! It was a terrifying
experience as the day wore on and it grew dark. At night, we lighted a fire and
huddled together to keep warm. As our compass had gone bust, we had to depend
on our instinct to find our way back the next morning.

6 Several instructors went out to look for our group but with no success. It was 40
only 24 hours later that the Kinabalu watch made it back to the school. The next
ten minutes was chaotic for everyone was yelling, screaming and hugging one
another. This misadventure was an unexpected inclusion in the programme but it
certainly bonded the group strongly.

7 All too soon the course came to an end. I felt sad to leave because the friends I 45
had made there were special. I did achieve my personal goal, that is, to meet as
many people as I could. The OBS is not only about learning jungle survival skills or
climbing across ropes 200 metres above the ground. It teaches us to be tolerant, to
care and to be concerned for one another. All of us had been thrown together into
an unfamiliar environment and—through trust and cooperation—became a team. 50
More importantly, we became friends.

Questions 26 – 30
Answer all questions. You are advised to answer them in the order set.

26 (a) In paragraph 3, why were the participants divided into groups?

....................................…..……………………….………………………………………………

…………................................................................................................................ [1 mark]

(b) The groups were named after mountains. What effect did this have on the participants?
....................................…..……………………….………………………………………………
…………............................................................................................................... [1 mark]

27 (a) From paragraph 4, mention two unpleasant events on the first day.

(i) ...............................…..……………………….……………………………………………...
[1 mark]

(ii) ...............................…..……………………….…………………………………………………

[1 mark]

28 (a) From paragraph 5, which word shows that the hike up the hill was not easy.
....................................…..……………………….…………………………………… [1 mark]

(b) How do you know that the hike was long? State one evidence.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
....................................…..……………………….…………………………………… . [1 mark]

29 (a) From paragraph 6, when the Kinabalu watch finally returned, the rest of the
participants were relieved and happy. How did the participants show this?

....................................…..……………………….…………………………………………………
………...................................................................................................................... [1 mark]
(b) What resulted from the misadventure of the Kinabalu watch?
....................................…..……………………….…………………………………………………
………....................................................................................................................... [1 mark]
30 You have been selected to attend the OBS (Outward Bound School) course. Would you

accept? Give two reasons to support your answer.
(i) ...............................…..……………………….………………………………………………………

…............................................................................................................................... [1 mark]
(ii) ...............................…..……………………….………………………………………………………

…................................................................................................................................ [1 mark]

Passage 3
Questions 26-30 are based on the following passage.

Read the passage about the danger of extinction that species of primates face and the need to

preserve them.

1 Nearly half of all the species of monkeys and apes in the world are in danger

of extinction with primates as a whole representing one of the most threatened
groups of mammals today. The latest assessment of man’s closest living relatives

has found that 48 per cent of the 634 different kinds of primates could soon die out

completely due to factors such as habitat loss and hunting. 5

2 Scientists who carried out the study for the International Union for the
Conservation of Nature (IUCN) believe that the situation has worsened significantly
since the last time a similar investigation of primates was done five years ago in
2005. In some parts of the world the threat to primates has reached crisis

proportions. In Vietnam and Cambodia, for instance, about nine out of every ten 10
species are now listed as either vulnerable, endangered or critically endangered,
the three categories approved by IUCN.

3 “What is happening in south-east Asia is terrifying. To have a group of animals
under such a high level of threat is, quite frankly, unlike anything we have recorded
among any other group of species to date,” said Jean-Christophe Vie, deputy head 15
of the IUCN’s species programme. The review was carried out by hundreds of
primatologists who assessed factors such as the loss of habitat, total population
size or pressures from hunting which could affect a species’ chances of survival in
the coming century. “We’ve raised concerns for years about primates being in peril,
but now we have solid data to show the situation is far more severe than we 20
imagined,” said Russ Mittermeier, president of Conservation International.

4 Tropical forest destruction has always been the main cause, but now it appears
that hunting is just as serious a threat in some areas, even where the habitat is still
intact. In many places, primates are quite literally being eaten to extinction.

5 Primates include species as small as the tiny mouse lemurs of Madagascar, 25
which can fit inside a teacup, to the large lowland gorilla of western Africa. They
also include man’s closest living relative, the chimpanzee, which shares about 98
per cent of its DNA with humans. Records show that one in every three primate
species is now either endangered or critically endangered compared to about one
in five primates classified in these two risk categories before the results of this 30
latest assessment emerged.

6 The pressures on them have increased with the big push towards growing
monoculture crops, in part for their use as biofuels. The growing of palm oil crops
in south-east Asia and soya beans in the Amazon have taken their toll. But hunting
of primates for bush meat has also increased. This was a subsistence issue but 35
now it has almost become a luxury food with a higher price than for chicken or fish,
both in Africa and in south-east Asia.

7 Among the most threatened primate species were two of the red colobus
monkeys—Bouvier’s red colobus and Miss Waldron’s red colobus, neither of which
has been seen by primatologists for the past quarter of a century. Despite the 40
threats to primates, scientists have since 2000, described 53 new primate species
that are new to science, including 40 species from Madagascar. In 2007,
researchers discovered a population of greater bamboo lemurs living in a wetland
site on the island, about 240 miles from the only other known population of the
species—bringing the total number of individuals living in the wild to about 140. 45
Other successful stories include the black lion tamarin and the gold lion tamarin of
Brazil’s decimated Atlantic Forest, which have been brought back from the edge of
extinction, being classified as endangered rather than critically endangered.

8
If there are forests, you can save primates. Conserving forest fragments and

reforesting to create corridors that connect these forest corridors is not only vital for 50
primates, but offers the multiple benefits of maintaining healthy ecosystems and
water supplies while reducing greenhouse gases emissions that cause climate
change.

Questions 26 – 30
Answer all questions. You are advised to answer them in the order set.

26 (a) From paragraph 1, how many percent of primates is in danger of extinction?

....................................…..……………………….…………………………………… [1 mark]

(b) State one factor that is responsible for the extinction of the primates?
....................................…..……………………….………………………………………………
………….................................................................................................................. [1 mark]
27 (a) From paragraph 3, what is one of the factors taken into account in a primatologist’s

work?
....................................…..……………………….………………………………………………
…………................................................................................................................... [1 mark]
(b) From paragraph 4, which word has the same meaning as ‘in its original state’?
....................................…..……………………….…………………………………........ [1 mark]
28 (a) From paragraph 5, why do you think the chimpanzee is man’s closest relative in the

animal world?
....................................…..……………………….……………………………………………….
…………...................................................................................................................[1 mark]

(b) From paragraph 6, what is the cause for the loss of animal habitat?
...................................…..……………………….………………………………………………
………….................................................................................................................. [1 mark]

29 (a) From paragraph 7, what have scientists discovered since 2000?
....................................…..……………………….………………………………………………
………….................................................................................................................... [1 mark]

(b) What is the present Brazil’s Atlantic Forest status?
....................................…..……………………….…………………………………………………
………....................................................................................................................... [1 mark]

30 In your opinion, do you think that forests should be conserved? Give two reasons to

support your answer.
(i) ....................................…..……………………….…………………………………………

.……............………..................................…..……………………….…………………....
(ii) ....................................…..……………………….…………………………………………

...................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

Passage 4
Question 26-30 are based on the following passage.

1 Space enthusiasts are conducting a lively debate about whether to make the
planet Mars habitable for human beings or to leave it in its pristine state as a place
hostile to life.

2 In the vision, settlers would initially set up house in the Martian deserts in
capsule homes looking like small grain silos. The yard outside would look semi- 5
suburban, with a rover parked in the driveway and radishes and carrots growing
under frames. The capsules would accommodate five people who would need
space suits for forays outside until scientists can fix the atmosphere outside. This is
because Mars is not only lacking in oxygen but is also cold and dusty. However,