PROCEDURE, REPORT AND ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION

MODUL

BAHASA INGGRIS

PROCEDURE, REPORT AND ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION

KELAS XI WAJIB
SEMESTER 1

Oleh
WAWAN SUMARTO, S.Pd., M.Pd

SMA NEGERI 22 SURABAYA
TAHUN PELAJARAN 2021-2022

( UNTUK KALANGAN SENDIRI )

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KATA PENGANTAR
Pendidikan Nasional berfungsi mengembangkan dan membentuk watak serta
peradaban bangsa yang bermartabat dalam rangka mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa, bertujuan
untuk berkembangnya potensi siswa agar menjadi manusia yang beriman dan bertaqwa kepada
Allah SWT, berakhlak mulia, sehat, berilmu, cakap, kreatif, mandiri dan menjadi warga
Negara yang demokratis serta bertanggung jawab.
Modul adalah salah satu bahan belajar yang dirancang sedemikian rupa sehingga
memungkinkan siswa dapat mempelajarinya secara mandiri dengan bantuan yang minimal
dari guru atau teman sejawat. Bahkan tanpa bantuan sama sekali atau belajar sendiri.
Modul bahasa Inggris ini disusun dengan menggunakan dua bahasa (Indonesia-Inggris).
Modul ini sebagai media yang mampu mendukung tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran melalui
metode dan pendekatan yang sesuai. Melalui modul ini siswa diharapkan dapat
mengembangkan nilai-nilai budaya dan karakter bangsa pada diri siswa.

Serang, Juni 2021
Penulis

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DAFTAR ISI

Kata Pengantar 1
Daftar isi 2
Procedure 3
Report 16
Analytical Exposition 30
Daftar Pustaka 40

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Kompetensi Dasar :

4.9 Menangkap makna teks prosedur, lisan dan tulis, berbentuk manual dan kiat-kiat (tips).

4.10 Menyunting teks prosedur berbentuk manual dan kiat-kiat (tips), dengan memperhatikan
fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan yang benar dan sesuai konteks.

4.13 Menangkap makna dalam teks ilmiah faktual (factual report), lisan dan tulis, sederhana,
tentang orang, binatang, benda, gejala dan peristiwa alam dan sosial, terkait dengan mata
pelajaran lain di Kelas XI.

4.14 Menangkap makna dalam teks eksposisi analitis tentang topik yang hangat dibicarakan
umum.

1. Procedure Text

What is Procedure?

1. Definition of Procedure
Procedure is a text that shows a process in order. Its social function is to describe how
something is completely done through a sequence of series

2. Generic Structure of Procedure
1. Goal: showing the purpose
2. Material: Telling the needed materials
3. Step 1-end: Describing the steps to achieve the purpose

3. Language Feature of Procedure
Using temporal conjunction
Using action verb
Using imperative sentence
Using Simple Present Tense

4. Examples and structures of the text

Tujuan How to Make a Cheese Omelet
(Goal)
Bahan Ingredients
(Material) 1 egg, 50 g cheese, ¼ cup milk, 3 tablespoons cooking oil, a pinch of
salt and pepper
Langkah- Utensils
langkah Frying pan, fork, spatula, cheese grater, bowl, plate
(Step) Method

1. Crack an egg into a bowl
2. Whisk the egg with a fork until it is smooth
3. Add milk and whisk well
4. Grate the cheese into the bowl and stir
5. Heat the oil in a frying pan
6. Pour the mixture into the frying pan

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7. Turn the omelet with a spatula when it browns
8. Cook both sides
9. Place on a plate; season with salt and pepper
10. Eat while warm.

Example of Procedure Small Notes

A. Planting Chilies Procedure (Prosedur)
Planting is a nice activity in our spare time. The
Ciri Umum:
following is guided information on how to plant a chili-
plant easily. Here are the steps. (a) Tujuan Komunikatif Teks:

Firstly, dry a handful seeding under the sunlight Memberi petunjuk tentang cara
Secondly, put the seeding on the soil. It should be melakukan sesuatu melalui
in open area serangkaian tindakan atau
Next, wait it. There will come out the sprout after langkah.
that let it be bigger.
Finally, put it in another big pot. It will soon grow (b) Struktur Teks/Generic structure
bigger and bigger and yield us some fresh chilies soon.  Aim/Goal; Tujuan kegiatan
 Materials; Bahan-bahan
Generic Structure Analysis Note: Materials are not
 Goal; informing on how to plant chillies. required for all Procedure
 Material; excluded text
 Steps; showing the steps or method in planting  Steps; Langkah-langkah.

chillies; from drying seed to putting the sprout in (c) Ciri Kebahasaan:
big pot.
 Language Feature Analysis Menggunakan:
Imperative sentences; dry a handful seeding, put
it, etc  pola kalimat imperative,
 Action verb; put, dry, etc misalnya, Cut, Don’t mix,
 Temporal conjunction; next, finally, firstly, dsb.
secondly
 Simple present tense pattern; planting is a nice  action verbs, misalnya turn,
activity, the following is a guided information put, don’t, mix, dsb.

 connectives untuk
mengurutkan kegiatan,
misalnya then, while, dsb.

 adverbials untuk
menyatakan rinci waktu,
tempat, cara yang akurat,
misalnya for five minutes, 2
centimetres from the top,
dsb.

B. Writing For Business
Writing something for your business can be pretty intimidating. Well, you don't have

to.
Here's a simple checklist to follow. I'm not saying that following these rules will

make your company the next Google, but it will help.
Firstly, take the topic of benefits, not features. Your customers don't care about you.

They want to know "What's in it for me?"

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Secondly, write your benefit like you talk it. Use regular words. Read aloud what
you've written. How does it sound?

Thirdly, lose the weak words. Don't describe how your company may, might or
should help customers but talk about how your company will.

Fourthly, Use a nice rhythm. Some sentences are long and some are short. Mix them
up and keep things interesting.

Fifthly,re-read what you've done before publishing. Edit it necesarily. It's so easy to
make mistakes which you don't notice the first time through.

Generic Structure Analysis
 Goal; informing on how to write for business
 Material; excluded
 Steps/ method; showing the method in writing for business;

choosing the advantageous topic, writing the topic like the way it is
talked, re-reading what have been written .
Language Feature Analysis
 Imperative sentences; write like you talked, re-read what you have
done, etc
 Action verb; write, read, etc
 Temporal conjunction, firstly, secondly, etc

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C. How to Make a Cheese Omelet
Well, to make a cheese omelet, you need an egg, fifty gram cheese, a quarter cup of

milk, three tablespoons cookin oil, a pinch of satlt and pepper. Next, you need some tools,
such as; frying pan, fork, spatula, cheese grater, bowl and plate.

Listen carefully,
First, crack an egg into a bowl and whisk the egg with a fork until it is smooth. Next, add

First,

How to Make Brownies

Ingredients
• 150gram of butter.
• 150gram of dark chocolate.
• 300 gram of flour
• 4 eggs.
• 600 gram of regular sugar
• 1 tsp vanilla extract

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Steps

1. Melt the chocolate with the butter.

2. Stir the eggs with the sugar and the vanilla extract.

3. Preheat the oven at low temperature

4. Combine the mixes you made.

5. Add the flour and stir with a wooden spoon.

6. Grease a brownie tin.

7. Add a little flour to cover the tin.

8. Add the brownie dough.

9. Bake for 10-30 minutes.

10. To check the brownies, put a knife in the mix. The knife must be moist!

11. Eat them 15 minutes after you took them out of the oven.

(Adapted from wikihow.com)

Glossary

Butter (n) Mentega

flour (n) Tepung

Melt (v) Lelehkan

Stir (v) Aduk

mixes (n) Adonan

Grease (v) Lumasi, minyaki

Tin (n) Panci

Dough (n) Adonan

Bake (v) Panggang

Knife (n) Pisau

Moist (adj) Basah

1. How much flour do you need to make brownies?

2. What is the first thing to do when making brownies?

3. What should you do before combining the mixes?

4. What should you do after greasing a brownie tin?

5. According to text, how many steps are there to make brownies?

6. According to the text, is it difficult to make brownies?

7. What is the purpose of the text?

8. Eat them 15 minutes after you took them out of the oven.

9. Grease a brownie tin.

10. The knife must be moist.

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Procedure Text

LOOP-THE-LOOP PAPER PLANE

Material needed
A sheet of heavy paper
A pencil
Sharp scissors
A paper clip
Crayons

Method
Here’s a paper airplane that will fly in circles.

1. First fold the paper in half the long way.
2. Then draw an airplane with wings and a tail on it.
3. Next draw a line about an inch away from the fold on each side the full length of the paper.
4. Then cut out the airplane, but do not cut on the fold.
5. After that spread out the airplane and colour it. You can draw airplane markings near each

wing tip.
6. Next refold your airplane. Now fold Beach wing down along the line drawn on it.
7. Then add a paper clip to the nose. You can change the way your airplane flies by changing

the wing shape and putting more than one paper clip on the nose.

Vocabularies: plane: pesawat, a sheet: selembar, blunt: tumpul, airplane: pesawat, fly: terbang, fold:
lipat, draw: gambar, line: garis, spread out: melebarkan, wing: sayap

1. Which of the following is not true about loop-the-loop paper plane?

A. It needs a paper clip to fly

B. A pencil is not needed to make a line on it.

C. If you fly it, it will fly in circles in the air.

D. The first thing to do is to fold the paper in half.

2. Which picture goes with the third method?

A. B. C. D.

Jawaban: D

3. The text consists of three parts. The third part functions to show readers … to

make the loop-the-loop paper plane.

A. The steps c. The argument

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B. The events d. The explanation

4. How many steps to make loop-the-loop paper plane?

A. Six

B. Seven

C. Eight

D. Nine

5. Which one is not needed for making loop-the-loop paper plane?

A. Heavy paper

B. Pencil

C. Sharp scissor

D. Coloring pencil may conclude that …
6. We

A. Loop-the-loop paper plane is expensive.

B. Making loop-the-loop paper plane is so difficult.

C. Loop-the-loop paper plane needs many materials

D. We do not need many materials to make loop-the-loop paper plane.

7. What is the goal of the text:

A. To make a plane

B. To make paper plane

C. To make a real airplane

D. To make a toy
8. “After that spread out the airplane and colour it” (step 5)

The underlined word refers to ….

A. Airplane

B. Blank paper

C. A book

D. Paper clip
9. “First fold the paper in half the long way.”

What is the synonym of the underlined word?

A. Crease

B. Fail

C. Shelter

D. Tear
10. “Draw an airplane with wings and a tail on it.” (step 2)

What does the underlined word means?

A. Make an airplane picture

B. Move in particular direction

C. Attract interest

D. Equal the balance

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How to make a Cheese Omelet

Ingredients:

1 egg, 50 g cheese, 1 cup milk, 3 tablespoons cooking oil, a pinch of salt and pepper.

Utensils:
Frying pan, fork, spatula, cheese-grater, bowl, and plate.

Method:
 Crack the egg into a bowl

 Whisk the egg with a fork until it’s smooth
 Add milk and whisk well
 Grate the cheese into the bowl and stir
 Heat the oil in frying pan
 Turn the omelet with spatula and cook both sides
 Place on a plate, season with salt and pepper

Choose the best answer.
1. The text above belongs to……
A. narrativeB. Procedure C. news item D. spoofE. recount

2. The text tells us about……
A. how long to make any kind of food B. ingredients of making omelet C. utensils of
making omelet D. methods of making omelet E. how to eat a cheese omelet

3. The followings are methods of making a cheese omelet, except…..
A. cracking the egg
B. whisking the egg
C. adding milk
D. cheese-grater
E. heating the oil

4. How much cheese do we need to make a cheese omelet?
A. one gram
B. three grams
C. five grams
D. fifteen
E. fifty grams

5. …… is a tool with a flat flexible blade used for mixing and spreading.

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A. Pan
B. Fork
C. Spatula
D. Plate
E. Cheese-grater

Step Chocolate Cheese Cake Recipe
Submitted by Karen Thackeray
A quick and easy cheese cake recipe

Yield : 6 servings
Prep. Time :5 minutes
Cook Time : 40 minutes
Total Time : 45 minutes

Ingredients:
16 ounces cream cheese, 2 packages, softened
½ cup sugar
½ teaspoon vanilla
2 large eggs
4 ounces semi-sweet chocolate chips
1 prepared Graham cracker crust

Directions:
Beat cream cheese, sugar and vanilla at medium speed until well-blended. Blend in 2 eggs. Stir in
chocolate chips then pour batter into Graham cracker chust. (you may sprinkle ¼ cup mini semi sweet
chocolate chips on top if you desire).
Bake at 35calcius for 40 minutes, or until certer is almost set. Cool.
For best results refrigerate for 3 hours.

1. How many persons is the cake for?
A. 2
B. 5

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C. 6
D. 35
E. 2

2. The goal of the text is to tell about . . . . .
A. how to beat cream cheese
B. how to blend sugar and vanilla
C. how to bake chocolate cheese and cake
D. how make chocolate cheese cake
E. how to make mini sweet chocolate chips

3. The text is called a/an . . . . .
A. explanation
B. description
C. procedure
D. report
E. spoof

1. You can make instant noodles with the help of a microwave.
2. Finally, add any items that you want and serve the noodles.
3. First, fill the bowl with two cups of water and the noodle.
4. Microwave it for about three to five minutes.
5. Then, take the noodles out of the microwave and pour the seasonings.
6. After the microwave beeps, wait for three minutes in the closed microwave.
7. Next, stir the noodles until the seasonings dissolve.

The best arrangement of the sentences above is:
A. 1-7-5-6-2-4-3
B. 1-3-4-6-5-7-2
C. 1-2-7-3-6-5-4
D. 1-4-7-5-2-6-3
E. 1-4-6-5-2-3-7

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Arrange these sentences below into a good order

HOW TO RIDE A BICYCLE

1. Sitting on a bike, make sure you know where the bikes are and how to operate them
2. You have to learn to balance the bike. Find a person who can hold your bike behind you and try

to go steady as you pedal it
3. Finally, you have to practice. Once you can balance, pedal, start, and stop, you are bicycle rider.

Congratulation!
4. As you gain experience, raise the seat up so that only your toes can touch the ground while you

are seated.
5. When you are ready, ride alone. But first, lower the seat until you can sit and put both feet flat on

the ground
6. After practicing for a couple minutes, the person can release his or her hands while you try to

keep your balance

A. 1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 5 – 6
B. 1 – 2 – 4 – 5 – 6 – 3
C. 1 – 2 – 6 – 5 – 4 – 3
D. 1 – 2 – 5 – 3 – 6 – 4
E. 1 – 2 – 4 – 6 – 5 – 3

Ingredients:

3 pound, whole fried chicken
6 to 8 cups of water
1 diced garlic clove
1 cup of sliced onion
1 cup of sliced celery
½ cup of sliced carrots
2 cup of chopped leeks
3 tablespoons of fresh chopped parsley
Freshly ground black pepper
Pinch of salt

Method:

Rinse the chicken.

Place the chicken in a bowl and add vegetables, and enough water to cover them. Put the bowl into an
oven and boil over medium-high heat.

Reduce heat to low and simmer, covered for 90 minutes. Remove the chicken from the heat. Serve the
steaming hot chicken, garnished with parsley, salt and ground black pepper

1. What is the purpose of the text?
a. To describe about the chicken soup
b. To explain what the chicken soup is

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c. To show how to make the chicken soup
d. To entertain the readers about the chicken soup
2. What do we do first after rinsing the chicken ?
a. Put the bowl into an oven
b. Place the chicken in a bowl
c. Reduce heat to low and simmer
d. Add vegetable and enough water
3“…, and enough water to cover them.”(line 2)What does the word “them” refer to ?
a. Chicken and bowl
b. Vegetables and bowl
c. Vegetables and chicken
d. Bowl, chicken, and vegetabes

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2. Report Text

What is Report?

1. Definition of Report
Report is a text which presents information about something, as it is. It is as a result
of systematic observation and analysis

2. Generic Structure of Report
1. General classification: Stating classification of general aspect of thing; animal,
public place, plant, etc which will be discussed in general
2. Description: Describing the thing which will be discussed in detail; part per part ,
customs or deed for living creature and usage for materials

3. Language Feature of Report
• Introducing group or general aspect
• Using conditional logical connection; when, so, etc
• Using simple present tense

2.Examples and structures of the text

General THE PELICAN REPORT
Clasification
The white pelican is one of the most successful fish-
Description eating birds.

The success is largely due to its command hunting
behaviour. A group, perhaps two dozen birds, will gather in a
curved arc some distance offshore. The birds then begin to
move forward towards the shore, beating the water furiously
with their wings, driving the fish before them.

When the water is shallow enough for the birds to
reach the fish, the formation breaks up as each bird dips its
bill into the water to scoop up its meal. As the bird lifts its
head, the water drains from its bill leaving the fish which are
then swallowed.

Pelicans are among the oldest group of birds, Fossils of
this genus have been found dating back 40 million years.

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Example of Report Text

A. Platypus; a report text
Many people call platypus duckbill because this animal has a bill like duckbill.

Platypus is a native Tasmania and southern and eastern Australia.
Platypus has a flat tail and webbed feet. Its body length is 30 to 45 cm and covered

with a thick, and woolly layer of fur. Its bill is detecting prey and stirring up mud.
Platypus' eyes and head are small. It has no ears but has ability to sense sound and light.

Platypus lives in streams, rivers, and lakes. Female platypus usually dig burrows in
the streams or river banks. The burrows are blocked with soil to protect it from intruders
and flooding. In the other hand, male platypus does not need any burrow to stay.

Analyzing on the Text
Generic Structure analysis
General classification; stating general classification, the animal of
platypus.
Description; describing in detail characterization of platypus' body
and habitual life
Language Feature Analysis
Focusing in group; the animal of platypus
conditional, logical connective; but, in the other hand
Simple present tense pattern; Platypus lives in streams, male
platypus does not need any burrow, etc

Small Notes

Report

Ciri Umum:

(a) Tujuan Komunikatif Teks:

Menyampaikan informasi tentang sesuatu, apa adanya, sebagai hasil pengamatan sistematis atau
analisis. Yang dideskripsikan dapat meliputi gajala alam, lingkungan, benda buatan manusia, atau gejala-
gejala sosial. Deskripsi sebuah teks report dapat berupa simpulan umum, misalnya, ikan paus termasuk
binatang mamalia karena ikan tersebut melahirkan anaknya.

(b) Struktur Teks/Generic structure

 General Clasification; Pernyataan umum yang menerangkan subjek laporan, keterangan, dan
klasifikasinya.

 Description:tells what the phenomenon under discussion ; in terms of parts, qualities, habits or
behaviors; Gambaran dari fenomena yang akan didiskusikan seperti bagian – bagiannya, kebiasaan atau
tingkah laku jika benda hidup, kegunaannya jika non natural.

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(c) Ciri Kebahasaan:

Menggunakan:

 general nouns, seperti ‘Reptiles in Comodo Insland’, dsb.
 relating verbs untuk menjelaskan ciri, misalnya reptiles are scaly animals (ciri ini berlaku untuk semua

reptilia), dsb.
 action verbs dalam mejelaskan perilaku, misalnya lizards cannot fly, dsb.
 present tense untuk menyatakan suatu yang umum, misalnya Komodo dragons usually weight more than

160 kg, dsb.
 istilah teknis, misalnya water contains oxygen and hydrogen, dsb.
 paragraf dengan topik sentence untuk menyusun sejumlah informasi.

Exercises :
For many years people believed that the cleverest animals after man were the chimpanzees.
Now, however, there is a proof that dolphins may be even cleverer than these big
apes.Although a dolphin lives in the sea, it is not a fish. It is a mammal. It is in many ways,
therefore, like a human being.Dolphins have a simple language. They are able to talk to one
another. It may be possible for man to learn how to talk to dolphins. But, this will not be
easy because dolphins cannot hear the kind of sounds man can make. If man wants to talk to
dolphins, therefore, he will have to make a third

1. The text above is in the form of………….
a. spoof b. report c. recount d. procedure e. narration

2. To tell the factual information, the writer mostly uses…………
a. passive voice
b. simple past tense
c. present perfect tensed. simple present tense
e. present continuous tense

3. What kind of animal is dolphin?
a. insect
b. fish
c. mammal
d. bird
e. shark

4. Why talking to dolphin is not easy?
a. dolphins cannot hear the kind of man’s sounds

b. dolphins cannot think as human

c. dolphins like playing with man

d. dolphins feel annoyed by man
e. dolphins want to be free

5. What is the characteristic of dolphin according to the text?
a. fierce
b. friendly

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c. naughty
d. shy
e. not responsible

For many years people believed that the cleverest animals after man were the chimpanzees. Now,
however, there is a proof that dolphins may be even cleverer than these big apes.

Although a dolphin lives in the sea, it is not a fish. It is a mammal. It is in many ways, therefore, like a
human being.

Dolphins have a simple language. They are able to talk to one another. It may be possible for man to
learn how to talk to dolphins. But, this will not be easy because dolphins cannot hear the kind of
sounds man can make. If man wants to talk to dolphins, therefore, he will have to make a third
language which both he and the dolphins can understand.

Dolphins are also very friendly toward man. They often follow ships. There are many stories about
dolphins guiding ships through difficult and dangerous waters.

1. The text above is in the form of………….
a. spoof
b. report
c. recount
d. procedure
e. narration

2. To tell the factual information, the writer mostly uses…………
a. passive voice
b. simple past tense
c. present perfect tense
d. simple present tense
e. present continuous tense

3. What kind of animal is dolphin?
a. insect
b. fish
c. mammal
d. bird
e. shark

4. Why talking to dolphin is not easy?
a. dolphins cannot hear the kind of man’s sounds
b. dolphins cannot think as human

c. dolphins like playing with man

d. dolphins feel annoyed by man
e. dolphins want to be free

5. What is the characteristic of dolphin according to the text?
a. fierce

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b. friendly
c. naughty
d. shy
e. not responsible

Read the following text and answer the questions 1 to 4

The peach is known as a species of Prunus. It is a kind of edible juicy fruit. It is native to China.

The peach tree grows to 4-10 m tall. It is a deciduous tree so it will fall its leaves in certain seasons. It

belongs to the subfamily Prunoideae of the family Rosaceae.

The leaves are 7-16 em long and 2-3 em broad. The flowers are produced in early spring

before the leaves. They are solitary or paired with about 2,5-3 cm in diameter. The color of the flower

is pink.

Peach fruit is very nice. Its aroma smells good. The color of the flesh is yellow or white. The

skin of the peach is smooth or velvety. The flesh is soft and juicy. It is delicious. It is a little bit harder

when it is unripe. Inside the flesh, there is a large single seed. The seed is oval in shape. Its color is
red-brown. Its length is about 1,3-2 cm. A wood–like husk surrounds this seed.

Most people know peaches as 'persicas'. It is related to the belief that peaches were native to

Persia (now Iran). The modern botanical consensus is that they originate in China, and were

introduced to Persia and the Mediterranean region along the Silk Road before Christian times.

1. Which part of the peach fruit contains water? A. The flesh. B. The husk.

C. The seed. D. The skin.

2. What is the purpose of the third paragraph?

A. To describe a peach tree. B. To describe the peach fruit.

C. To describe the taste of peach fruit. D. To describe the smell of a peach tree.

3. From the text we know that ....

A. China imported peaches from Persia. B. peaches do not originate in Persia

C. peaches come from Persia. D. the modern botanical consensus decided the name of the

fruit

4. "It is a little bit harder when it is unripe". (paragraph 3)

The underlined word refers to the ... of the peaches. A. Flesh B. seed

C. Skin D. Tree

Read the following text and answer the questions 5 to 8

Pharmacists are the professionals who dispense medicines to the patients, as prescribed by the

medical expert. In most of the cases, the experienced pharmacists can even prescribe some better

drugs and medicines to the patients. One of the most important pharmacist job descriptions is the

management of medicines and drugs in health care units and hospitals. The pharmacist job description

also includes assisting the patients, advising the medical experts and helping the patients by

recommending the right medicine.

Some of the job duties of a pharmacist are as follows; give advice and assist doctors or

surgeons in matters relating to dosages and prescriptions to the patient. Monitor and analyze the

health of the patient, with respect to the drugs that have been given to the patient. Answer the queries

of the patients about the probable side effects and benefits of the drug therapy. Seek immediate help

from the doctor in case the drug shows some side effects on the patient. Recommend drugs to visitors

with minor ailments.

5. What does the text tell us about? A. A pharmacist B. A drug therapy

C. A medical expert D. A doctor and surgeon

6. Which one is usually done by a pharmacist?

A. Giving immediate help to the patients B. Recommending better drugs to patients

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C. Helping surgeon while doing an operation D. Giving drugs to patients with major

ailments

7. Who has responsibility to recommend drugs to visitors with minor ailments?

A. A doctor B. A surgeon C. A pharmacist D. A medical

expert
8. What‟s the main idea of paragraph two?

A. A pharmacist has some duties. B. A pharmacist and doctor work cooperatively.

C. A pharmacist recommends drugs to the patient. D. Doctor and surgeon give prescriptions to the

patient

Read the following text and answer the questions 9 to 12

Bees

Bees are flying insects closely related to wasps and ants, and are known for their role in

pollination and for producing honey and beeswax. There are nearly 20,000 known species of bees in

nine recognized families though many are undescribed and the actual number is probably higher. They

are found on every continent except Antarctica, in every habitat on the planet that contains insect-

pollinated flowering plants.

Bees have a long proboscis (a complex "tongue") that enables them to obtain the nectar from

flowers. They have antennae almost universally made up of 13 segments in males and 12 in females, as

is typical for the super family. Bees all have two pairs of wings, the hind pair being the smaller of the

two; in a very few species, one sex or caste has relatively short wings that make flight difficult or

impossible, but none are wingless.

The smallest bee is Trigona minima, a stingless bee whose workers are about 2.1 mm (5/64")

long. The largest bee in the world is Megachile pluto, a leafcutter bee whose females can attain a

length of 39 mm (1.5"). Members of the family Halictidae, or sweat bees, are the most common type of

bee in the Northern Hemisphere, though they are small and often mistaken for wasps or flies.

9. What is the text about?

A. Describing bees in general. B. Explaining bees in Antarctica.

C. Telling the habitat of the bees. D. Giving information about bees in the Northern

Hemisphere.

10. What is the main idea of paragraph one?

A. Bees live on every continent. B. Bees belong to flying insects.

C. Bees produce honey and beeswax. D. Bees only live with insect-flowering plants.

11. Which of the following sentences describes the physical appearance bees?

A. None has wings. B. It has 13 antennae.

C. Its length is 39 mm. D. Its tongue is complex.

12. “They are found on every continent except Antarctica,…”. The word “they” refers to … .

A. ants B. bees

C. insects D. flying insects

Read the following text and answer the questions 13 to 17
Cactus

A cactus (plural: cacti) is any member of the plant family Cactaceae, native to the Americas.
They are often used as ornamental plants, but some are also crop plants. Cacti are grown for
protection of property from wild animals, as well as many other uses.

Cacti are part of the plant order Caryophyllales, which also include members like beets,
gypsophila, spinach, amaranth, tumbleweeds, carnations, rhubarb, buckwheat, plumbago,
bougainvillea, chickweed and knotgrass.

Cacti are unusual and distinctive plants, which are adapted to extremely arid and hot
environments, showing a wide range of anatomical and physiological features which conserve water.

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Their stems have adapted to become photosynthetic and succulent, while the leaves have become the

spines for which cacti are well known.

Cacti come in a wide range of shapes and sizes. The tallest is Pachycereus pringlei, with a

maximum recorded height of 19.2 m, and the smallest is Blossfeldia liliputiana, only about 1 cm in

diameter at maturity. Cactus flowers are large, and like the spines and branches arise from areoles.

Many cactus species are night blooming, as they are pollinated by nocturnal insects or small animals,

principally moths and bats. Cacti range in size from small and globular to tall and columnar.

13. Where can we find cacti mostly?

A. In the jungle. B. On the beach.

C. On the mountain. D. In the arid and hot region.

14. Why do cacti mostly bloom at night?

A. Because their flowers are large.

B. Since cacti are unusual and distinctive plants.

C. Since cacti are pollinated by nocturnal insects.

D. As the afternoon period is used for photosynthetic process.

15. What does the first paragraph tell us about?

A. The members of cacti. B. The habitat of cacti.

C. The use of cacti D. Types of cacti

16. What is the purpose of the text ?

A. To give information about American cacti

B. To explain physical feature of cacti

C. To describe cacti in genera

D. To tell cacti's life
17. “Cacti are unusual and distinctive plants, which …”

The synonym of the word “distinctive” is …

A. Typical B. Antique

C. unique D. Different

Read the following text and answer the questions 18 to 21

Jellyfish

Jellyfish are not really fish. They are invertebrate animals. This means that unlike fish or

people, they have no backbones. In fact, they have no bones at all.

Jellyfish have stomachs and mouths, but no heads. They have nervous systems for sensing the

world around them, but no brains. They are made almost entirely of water, which is why you can look

through them.

Some jellyfish can glow in darkness by making their own light. The light is made by a chemical

reaction inside the jellyfish. Scientists believe jellyfish glow for several reasons. For example, they may

glow to scare away predators or to attract animals they like to eat.

Most jellyfish live in salt water, apart from a few types that live in fresh water. Jellyfish are

found in oceans and seas all over the world. They live in warm, tropical seas and in icy waters near the

North and South poles.
18. Which one creates Jellyfish’s light?

A. White blood. B. Nervous system.

C. Chemical reaction. D. Salt water.
19. Based on the text, we know that….

A. They belong to invertebrate animals. B. They have heads like other animals.

C. Their brain helps them find the food. D. They cannot live in fresh water.

20. What is the text about?

A. Jellyfish. B. Kinds of all fish.

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C. All invertebrate animals. D. Some kinds of sea animals.

21. “Some jellyfish can glow in darkness by making their own light.” (paragraph 3)

The word “glow” in the sentence means….

A. Move B. Produce

C. Appear D. Shine

Read the following text and answer the questions 22 to 26

Giraffe

Giraffe is the highest animal in the world. Its height can reach 4.8 to 5.5 meters and its weight

about 1360 pounds. Giraffe has a unique characteristic. They have a very long neck and two small

horns on its head. Giraffes have big brown eyes and protected by thick and long eyebrows. Her body is

covered with a unique pattern that is attached by brown spots all over their body.

Just like camels, giraffes can survive without drinking for long time

because giraffes can rely on the water contained in leaves they eat. Giraffes are very selective in

choosing food. They always eat young leaves that grow in the tree tops. Their tongue shaped like a

knife help them to cut branches which are very hard.

Female giraffes can start pregnant at the age of five years, with a gestation period of 15

months. Commonly female giraffe bear one baby, but sometimes two babies at once. Giraffes bear its

baby with a standing position. When the baby is about to be born, they just drop it to the ground from a

1.5 meter of height. Baby giraffe can stand with about 20 minutes since being born, and begin

breastfeeding within an hour of birth.

22. What kind of text above?

A. Report text C. Descriptive text

B. Narrative text D. Spoof

23. The text tells us about? b. The strange animals c. The highest
A. Giraffe’s reproduction

animal d. Baby giraffe

24. The unique characteristic of giraffe is?

a. Two horns on its head b. Their long neck

c. Brown spot d. Their food

25. The second paragraph mainly discussed about?

a. Giraffe’s food b. Giraffe’s characteristic

c. Giraffe’s life d. Giraffe’s reproduction

26. The word “it” in third paragraph refers to?

a. Neck b. Horn c. Baby giraffe d. Food

Read the following text and answer the questions 27 to 34
An Elephant

An elephant is the largest and strongest animals. It is a strange looking animal with its thick
legs, huge sides and backs, large hanging ears, a small tall, little eyes, long white tusks and above all it
has a long noise, the trunk.

The trunk is the elephant’s peculiar feature, and it has various uses. The elephant draws up
water by its trunk and can squirt it all over its body like a shower bath. It can also lift leaves and puts
them into its mouth. In fact the trunk serves the elephant as a long am and hand. An elephant looks
very clumsy and heavy and yet it can move very quickly.

The elephant is a very intelligent animal. Its intelligence combined with its great strength
makes it a very useful servant to man and it can be trained to serve in various ways such as carry
heavy loads, hunt for tigers and even fight.
27. What kind of text above?

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(A.) Report text (B.) Descriptive text

(C.) Narrative text (D.) Spoof
28. The text tells us about….

(A). the Elephant’s peculiar feature (B). useful servant

(C). strange looking animal (D). an elephant

29. The third paragraph is mainly about the fact that....

(A) elephants are strong (B) elephants can lift logs

(C) elephants are servants (D) elephant are very useful

30. The most distinguishing characteristic of an elephant is.....

(A). its clumsiness (B). its thick legs

(C). its large body (D). its long nose

31. Which of the following is NOT part of the elephant described in the first paragraph ? (A) It

looks strange (B) It is heavy

(C) It is wild (D) It has a trunk

32. The elephant draws up water by its trunk and can squirt it all over its body like a shower bath

(paragraph 2) The underlined word refers to….

(A). a shower bath (B). elephant’s body

(C). a shower (D). elephant’s trunk

33. It is stated in the text that the elephant uses the trunk to do the following, EXCEPT ........

(A) to eat (B) to push

(C) to drink (D) to carry things

34. “The trunk is the elephant’s peculiar feature....(Paragraph2)

The underline word close in meaning to ....

(A) large (B) strange

(C) tough (D) smooth

Read the following text and answer the questions 35 to 38

Komodo Dragons

Komodo dragon is a member of the monitor family, Varanidae. It is the world's largest living

lizards. It grows to be 10 feet (3 meters) long and weighs up to 126 kg and belong to the most ancient

group of lizards still alive.

It is found mainly in the island of Komodo and on other small islands, Rinca, Padar, and

Flores. The natives call the dragon, ora, or buaya darat (land crocodile).

The Komodo dragon has a long heavy tail, short, strong legs, and rough skin. It is covered with

small dull, colored scales. It can sprint at up 18 km per hours, but only for short distances. When it

opens its wide red moth, it shows row of teeth like the edge of a saw.

Komodo dragons are good simmers and may swim the long distance from one island to

another. Like other lizards, they swim by undulating their tails, and their legs held against their body

The Komodo dragon is totally carnivorous. It hunts other animals during the day. It hunts deer,

wild pigs, water buffaloes, and even horses. While smaller komodos have to be content with eggs, other

lizards, snakes and rodents. Komodo dragons are cannibals. The adult will prey on the young one as

well as the old and sick dragons. Lizard digs a cave with its strong claws in the cave at night.
35. The main idea of paragraph 5 is …

A. komodo dragons feed on young dragons.

B. komodo dragons get their food by hunting.

C. komodo dragons are carnivorous and also cannibals.

D. komodo dragons are cannibals because they hunt other animals.

36. Which of the following is not the characteristic of a komodo dragon?

A. Rough skin B. Strong claws

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C. A long heavy tail D. Rows of red teeth

37. The writer's purpose in writing the text is ….

A. to retell the events in Komodo Island. B. to inform about classification of

komodo.

C. to describe about komodo dragon in general. D. to persuade reader to keep komodo

habitat.
38. Komodo dragons are cannibals because …

A. they hunt deer, wild pigs, water buffaloes and even horses.

B. they feed on eggs, lizards, snakes and rodents.

C. they prey on young ones as well as old and sick dragons

D. they eat anything they meet.

Read the following text and answer the questions 39 to 42

For many years people believed that the cleverest animals after man were the chimpanzees.

Now, however, there is a proof that dolphins may be even cleverer than these big apes. Although a

dolphin lives in the sea, it is not a fish. It is a mammal. It is in many ways, therefore, like a human

being. Dolphins have a simple language. They are able to talk to one another. It may be possible for

man to learn how to talk to dolphins. But, this will not be easy because dolphins cannot hear the kind

of sounds man can make. If man wants to talk to dolphins, therefore, he will have to make a third

language which both he and the dolphins can understand. Dolphins are also very friendly toward man.

They often follow ships. There are many stories about dolphins guiding ships through difficult and

dangerous waters.
39. The text above is in the form of………….

a. Spoof b. report

c. Recount d. procedure

40. What kind of animal is dolphin?

a. Insect b. fish c. Mammal d. bird

41. Why talking to dolphin is not easy? b. dolphins cannot think as human
a. dolphins cannot hear the kind of man’s sounds

c. dolphins like playing with man d. dolphins feel annoyed by man

42. What is the characteristic of dolphin according to the text?

a. Fierce b. friendly

c. Naughty d. Shy

Read the following text and answer the questions 43 to 46

Whales are sea-living mammals. They therefore breathe air but cannot survive or land. Some

species are very large indeed and the blue whale, which can exceed 30 meter length, is the largest

animal which lives on earth. Superficially, the whale looks rather like a fish, but there are important

difference in its external structure; its tail consists of a pair of broad, flat horizontal paddles (the tail

of a fish is vertical) and it has a single nostril on top of its breadth, broad head. The skin is smooth and

shiny and beneath it lies a layer of flat (blubber). This is up to 30 meter in thickness and serves to

conserve heat and body fluids.

43. What is the text about?

a. sea-living mammals b. the description of mammals

c. the difference between whales and fish d. whales
44. The length of a whale is……..

a. is generally more than 30 meter b. may be more than 30 meter

c. is less than 30 meter d. ranges from 30 meter to more than 30 meter

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45. Sentence 1………….

a. tells an orientation b. poses a thesis

c. shows an abstract d. gives a general classification

46. What type of text is used by the writer?

a. Narrative b. report

c. Recount d. news items

Read the following text and answer the questions 47 to 54
Octopus
The Octopus is an ocean creature with eight effective feet which it utilizes as hands.
These are called tentacles or limbs. “Octopus” originates from two words that have meaning
“eight feet”.
The octopus, the squid and the cuttlefish fit in with the same family that has no outside shells.
Their bodies are secured totally with skin. Along these lines the assortment of an octopus is
delicate. It would appear that a huge blow up. A completely developed octopus can be as
huge as 8,5 meters from the tip of one arms to the tip of another. It can weigh as much as 45
kilograms.
Other than utilizing its tentacles or limbs to catch little fish, ocean plants, crab and
lobsters, the octopus additionally utilizes them against its adversaries. The octopus wraps its
appendages around the exploited person and crushes it before eating it
The octopus escapes from its adversaries by giving out a thick dull liquid to obscure the
water. It can likewise change the color of its body to match its surroundings. It escapes its
enemis by doing this.
47. Which group of sea creatures belongs to the same family with octopus?
a. turttle and crab b. shrimp and crab

c. crab and cuttlefish d. cuttlefish and squid
48. How much a fully-grown octopus can weigh?
a. 25 kilograms. b. 35 kilograms.
c. 45 kilograms. d. 55 kilograms.
49. How does the octopus look for food?

a. It uses magic colors. b. It uses its teeth.
c. It uses its hand. d. It uses its tentacles.
50. Before the octopus eats its victim, the octopus ……………
a. changes the color of its body b. realizes a thick dark fluid

c. bite it d. crushes it
51. How large a fully-grown octopus can be from the tip of one tentacle to the tip of another?
a. 6,5 metres. b. 7,5 metres.
c. 8,5 metres. d. 9,5 metres.
52. What does the word “octopus” mean in Greek?

a.Eight feet c. Dark fish.
b. Fish. d. Ghost Sea
53. The word them in paragraph 3 refers to the octopus’s ………………….
a. teeth c. tentacles
b. enemies d. utilizes

54. What does the octopus do to run away or escape from its enemy?
a. It stings the enemies. b. It gives out a thick dark fluid to darken the water.
c. It swims. d. It runs

Page 26

Read the following text and answer the questions 55 to 58

Gold is a precious metal. Gold is used as ornaments or as money.
Gold is found in many places, but in a small supply. It is often found on the surface of
the earth. Since gold is a heavy substance, it is sometimes found loose on bottom of rivers.
The gold is found together with sand and rocks, and must be separated from them. It is simple
to search for this type of gold.
It is not usually necessary to drill for gold, but when a layer of gold is located deep
below the surface of the earth, it is possible to drill a hole into the ground. Engineers have
developed modern process for removing gold from rocks.
Since gold is not very hard, it is sometimes melted and added to other substances for
making rings, coins, and art objects. It will be priced forever because it is beautiful, rare, and
useful.
55. The best title of the text above is …..
a. Gold b. Type of Gold

c. Previous Metal d. Rare Ornaments
56. The following are associated with gold, EXCEPT …..
a. useful b. precious
c. beautiful d. unnecessary

57. The text above is mainly intended to …. about gold.
a. discuss b. classify
c. describe d. elaborate
58. “It will be priced forever because….” (Paragraph 4) The underlined word means ……
a. valuable b. worthless

c. interesting d. Wonderful

Read the following text and answer the questions 59 to 62

Doctor is a popular job. It takes a great responsibility to work as a doctor. Minor
mistakes made by a doctor can bring the lost of a patient.
There are a lot of jobs that doctors must do. They are expected to evaluate symptoms
and run a test to determine what is wrong with a patient. If a. doctor does not know off
handedly what the diagnosis should be, it is his or her responsibility to do the necessary
research.
Notes are kept on each patient to ensure that any medical professional can walk into a
room and know what has been done in the past. It is also a way to track the patients' progress
during recovery.
Writing prescriptions is a major part of doctors' jobs. They must know how much
medicine to prescribe based on the patient's history; they also need to know how two drugs
can interact with one another.
A doctor needs to know not only how to treat the current conditions, but also how to
advise the patient on how to prevent another occurrence.
59. What is mainly discussed in the text above? A. The duties of a
doctor. B. Getting a job as a doctor.
C. Vacancy for a doctor position. D. The success of being a doctor
60. Why does a doctor keep a note on their patients?
A. To know how to prescribe certain drugs to the patients.

B. To track the patients' improvements and complaints.
C. To cure the patients' certain illnesses. D. To ensure the health of the patients.
61. "It is also a way to track patients' ..... (paragraph 3, line 8)
The synonym of the underlined word is ....

A. to follow B. to pursue
C. to capture D. to apprehend

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62. What is the purpose of this text? B. To explain the doctor's profession.
A. To practice the doctor's job. D. To describe a doctor's jobs and
C. To educate the doctors in their job.

responsibilities.

Read the following text and answer the questions 63 to 66
Gardenia plants

Gardenia plants are popular for the strong sweet scent of their flowers. Gardenia is the
national flower in Pakistan. In Japan and China, the flower is called Kuchinashi (Japanese)
and Zhi zi (Chinese).
Gardenia plants are evergreen shrubs. Their small trees can grow to 1 - 5 meters tall.
The leaves are 5 - 50 centimeters long and 3 - 25 centimeters broad, dark green and glossy

with a leathery texture. The flowers are in small groups, white, or pale yellow, with 5-12 lobes
(petals) from 5-12 centimeters diameter. They usually bloom in mid- spring to mid-summer.
Many species have strong aroma.
To cultivate gardenia as a house plant is not easy. This species can be difficult to grow

because it originated in warm humid tropical areas. It demands high humidity and bright (not
direct) light to thrive. It flourishes in acidic soil with good drainage and thrives on 20° – 23° C
during the day and 15° – 16° C in the evening. Potting soils developed specifically for
gardenias are available. It grows no larger than 18 inches in height and width when grown
indoor. In climates where it can be grown outdoors, it can reach the height of 6 feet. If water

hits the flowers, they will turn brown.
63. How tall is a gardenia tree?
A. 3 - 25 cm. B. 5-12 cm.
C. 5-50 cm D. 1-5 m

64. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. It is easy to plant a gardenia tree. B. A gardenia plant needs high humidity.
C. It's not easy to plant gardenia as a house plant.D. A good drainage is important for
gardenia plant.
65. From the text we know that ....

A. people don't like the strong scent of the flower B. Gardenia is widespread in Asia
C. the flower is easy to plant D. the flower is expensive
66. "... because it originated in warm ..." (paragraph 3, line 10)
The underlined word refers to ....
A. the flower B. the species

C. the soil D. the leaf

Octopus

The Octopus is an ocean creature with eight effective feet which it utilizes as hands. These are
called tentacles or limbs. “Octopus” originates from two words that have meaning “eight feet”.

The octopus, the squid and the cuttlefish fit in with the same family that has no outside shells.
Their bodies are secured totally with skin. Along these lines the assortment of an octopus is
delicate. It would appear that a huge blow up. A completely developed octopus can be as huge as
8,5 meters from the tip of one arms to the tip of another. It can weigh as much as 45 kilograms.

Other than utilizing its tentacles or limbs to catch little fish, ocean plants, crab and lobsters, the
octopus additionally utilizes them against its adversaries. The octopus wraps its appendages
around the exploited person and crushes it before eating it

Page 28

The octopus escapes from its adversaries by giving out a thick dull liquid to obscure the water. It
can likewise change the color of its body to match its surroundings. It escapes its enemis by doing
this.

1. Which group of sea creatures belongs to the same family with octopus?
a. turttle and crab
b. shrimp and crab
c. crab and cuttlefish
d. cuttlefish and squid

2. How much a fully-grown octopus can weigh?
a. 25 kilograms.
b. 35 kilograms.
c. 45 kilograms.
d. 55 kilograms.

3. How does the octopus look for food?
a. It uses magic colors.
b. It uses its teeth.
c. It uses its hand.
d. It uses its tentacles.

4. Before the octopus eats its victim, the octopus ……………
a. changes the color of its body
b. realizes a thick dark fluid
c. bite it
d. crushes it

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3. Analytical Exposition Text
What is Analytical Exposition?

1. Definition of Analytical Exposition
Exposition is a text that elaborates the writer‘s idea about the phenomenon
surrounding. Its social function is to persuade the reader that the idea is important
matter.

2. Generic Structure of Analytical Exposition
 Thesis: Introducing the topic and indicating the writer’s position
 Argument 1: Explaining the argument to support the writer’s position
 Argument 2: Explaining the other arguments support the writer’s position more
 Reiteration: Restating the writer’s position

3. Language Features of Analytical Exposition
 Using relational process
 Using internal conjunction
 Using causal conjunction
 Using Simple Present Tense

4. Examples and structures of the text

Thesis Cars should be banned in the city
Arguments Cars should be banned in the city. As we all know, cars create
pollution, and cause a lot of road deaths and other accidents.
Reiteration Firstly, cars, as we all know, contribute to most of the pollution
in the world.
Cars emit a deadly gas that causes illnesses such as bronchitis,
lung cancer, and ‘triggers’ off asthma. Some of these illnesses are so
bad that people can die from them.
Secondly, the city is very busy. Pedestrians wander everywhere
and cars commonly hit pedestrians in the city, which causes them to
die. Cars today are our roads biggest killers.
Thirdly, cars are very noisy. If you live in the city, you may find it
hard to sleep at night, or concentrate on your homework, and
especially talk to someone.
In conclusion, cars should be banned from the city for the
reasons listed.

Example of Analytical Exposition

A. Is Smoking Good for Us?
Before we are going to smoke, it is better to look at the fact. About 50

thousands people die every year in Britain as direct result of smoking. This is

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seven times as many as die in road accidents. Nearly a quarter of smokers die
because of diseases caused by smoking.

Ninety percent of lung cancers are caused by smoking. If we smoke five
cigarettes a day, we are six times more likely to die of lung cancer than a non
smoker. If we smoke twenty cigarettes a day, the risk is nineteen greater. Ninety
five percent of people who suffer of bronchitis are people who are smoking.
Smokers are two and half times more likely to die of heart disease than non
smokers.

Additionally, children of smoker are more likely to develop bronchitis and
pneumonia. In one hour in smoky room, non smoker breathes as much as
substance causing cancer as if he had smoked fifteen cigarettes.

Smoking is really good for tobacco companies because they do make much
money from smoking habit. Smoking however is not good for every body else.

Notes on the generic structure:
From the generic structure, what make big different is that analytical exposition
ends with paragraph to strengthen the thesis while hortatory makes a
recommendation for readers.
Thesis: This pre-conclusive paragraph states the writer’s point of view about the
topic discussed. Writer has show himself in clear position of the discussed topic.
Paragraph 1 is the thesis of this analytical exposition text. It states the fact of the
very fatal impact of the smoking habit. Clearly the writer wants to say that
smoking is not a good habit.
Arguments: Presenting arguments in analytical exposition text is as important as
giving conflict plot in narrative text. The series of argument will strengthen the
thesis stated before. In this example of analytical exposition text, paragraph 2 and
3 are the detail arguments presented in a reporting fact to support that smoking is
not good even for smokers themselves. Furthermore, people who do not smoke
but they are in smoky area have the bad effect too from the smoking habit.
Reiteration: This end paragraph actually is restating the thesis. It is something like
conclusive paragraph from the previous arguments. The last paragraph of this
example of analytical exposition points again that smoking is not good for
smokers and people around smokers. However smoking is very good for Cigarette
Companies

B. Opportunity in the Global Financial Crisis
US financial crisis and its contagion to Europe and the rest of the world could

also create new opportunity for Indonesia in term of foreign direc investment and
the development of basic infrastructure.

As the US, financial crisis has now spread to Europe, the oil-rich countries
such as Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Arab Emirate which have accumulated hundreds
of billion of Dollars in their foreign reserve, are now reviewing their holding or
investment vehicle. They are looking for more diversified investment outside the
US and Europe.

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Because of unfavorable political developments in Thailand and Malaysia

over the past few months, Indonesia which has largely Muslim population could

become one of these oil-rich countries' favorite place for foreign direct

investment. That wil be true if the conditions, legal and market infrastructures are

conducive for Islamic financial instruments.

The government had improved the legal framework with the recent actment

of laws on sharia banking and bonds. The long term nature of Islamic bonds could

make them the most suitable investment

Small Notes instrument for Indonesia, as these bonds grant an
investor a share in an asset along with the cash
Analytical Exposition (Eksposisi flows and risks commensurate with such ownership.

Analitis)

Ciri Umum: The financial crisis that has gripped the globe
(a) Tujuan Komunikatif Teks: and weakening economic growth in the rest of the
world will serve to the government to accelerate
Memaparkan dan mempengaruhi
audience (pendengar atau

pembaca) bahwa ada masalah the investment reform measures in order to grab
yang tentunya perlu mendapat the hidden opportunity in the global crisis.
perhatian. (Simplified from the jakartapos.com on Oct 9)
(b) Struktur Teks/Generic structure

 Thesis; Pernyataan pendapat

 Argument; terdiri atas NOTES ON Generic Structure:
“point” yang dikemukakan  Paragraph 1 is THESIS. It introduces the topic
dan “elaborasi”; of the text which state the potential
opportunity behind the glogal financial
 Reiteration ; Penguatan

pernyataan.

(c) Ciri Kebahasaan: Menggunakan: crisis.
 General nouns, misalnya car,  Paragraphes 2 and 3 are the ARGUMENTS

pollution, leaded petrol car, dsb. which support to the opinios stated in the
 Abstract nouns, misalnya policy, above thesis.

government, dsb.

 Technical verbs, misalnya  Paragraph 4 is REITERATION which restates
species of animals, dsb. the thesis in another phrases to point the
writer'opinion.
 Relating verbs, misalnya It is
important, dsb.

 Action verbs, misalnya She must C. Laptop as Students' Friend
save, dsb. Conventionally, students need book, pen,

 Thinking verbs, misalnya Many

people believe, dsb eraser, drawing book, ruler and such other stuff.
 Modal verbs, misalnya we must Additionally, in this multimedia era, students need
more to reach their progressive development.
preserve, dsb. Students need mobile keyboards to record every
 Modal adverbs, misalnya

certainly, we, dsb.

 Connectives, misalnya firstly, presented subject easily. Of course it will need

secondly,dsb. more cost but it will deserve for its function.
 Bahasa evaluatif, misalnya

important, valuable, trustworthy, First, modern schools tend to apply fast
dsb. transferring knowledge because the school needs to
 Kalimat pasif

catch the target of curriculum. Every subject will

tend to be given in demonstrative method.

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Consequently students need extra media cover the subject. Since there is a laptop
on every student’s desk, this method will help student to get better
understanding.

Secondly, finding an appropriate laptop is not difficult as it was. Recently
there is an online shop which provides comprehensive information. The best is
that the shop has service of online shopping. The students just need to brows that
online shop, decide which computer or laptop they need, and then complete the
transaction. After that the laptop will be delivered to the students' houses. That is
really easy and save time and money.

From all of that, having mobile computer is absolutely useful for students
who want to catch the best result for their study. Buying laptop online is advisable
because it will cut the price. This online way is recommended since online shop
also provides several laptop types. Students just need to decide which type they
really need.

D. Career in Translation
Functionally, translation is transferring the message or the meaning and not

the word. According to Nida, such translation is called dynamic equivalence
translation. It tries to bring the precise message in different language.

Many people like to watch Hollywood movie but many get trouble in
understanding to the actors' dialogue. So the way they get the understanding
about the movie is reading the translating text running. If Hindi translation is
provided, it will bring the better understanding for Indian moviegoer. Hollywood
movie spread over other Asia countries. Therefore, Arabic translation, Indonesian
translation and Farsi translation are widely needed and that is a big chance for
English master in that countries.

India is likely being an English speaking country. India translation will grow
better and. It seems Indonesia, Malaysia and Filipina will reach that mark too
soon. Translation job will be great in amount and that is good development for
translating job seekers.

E. Writing is a Great for Money Online

The emergence of the internet has given internet entrepreneurs many ways
to make money. Writers are one group that have benefited from their talents as a
result in the rise of internet based jobs.

Blog writing is an increasingly popular way to earn money online determined
by the owner of the blog. They are very popular because of tBlogs are usually
written on a certain subject area but can vary as its content is heir simplicity to get
up and running. There are many free websites out there that will help you set up
your own blog if you choose to go that route because blog plus advertisement is a
potential money

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Article writing is also good money to earn money online. Make sure to gear
your articles to promote and advertise you own business ventures. These articles
are a free way to market the products and services you offer for free. The most
effective advertising with these articles comes from the dialogue box that is
inserted at the end of each article. These dialogue boxes contain links to basically
any website you would like to drive traffic to. For instance, you might have one
link in your dialogue box to a product you are selling and one to a blog where you
are promoting a discussing other products.

Writing takes some time to gain credibility through but once it's done'
earning potential can become very powerful.

Generic Structure Analysis
 Thesis; Writing is good in making money online
 Argument 1; blog is a potentially earning money
 Argumant 2; writing articles is good in earning money
 Conclusion; credible writer is powerful to make money online
Language Feature Analysis
 Simple present tense; Blog writing is an increasingly popular way to earn

money online, Writing takes some time to gain credibility, etc
 Causal conjunction ; because, etc

EXERCISES;
a) Analytical exposition

Dust Bin

To improve comfort and cleanliness at our school, a number of dust bins should be increased.

When we look at classrooms, school corridors and school yard, there are paper mineral water
cups, straws, and napkins here and there. The condition of uncleanliness and discomfort really
hinders learning and teaching environment. Litters thrown carelessly cause disease, especially empty
plastic cup or glasses. They can be filled out with water coming from the rain. This can be placed for
dengue mosquitoes to spread out. Besides, these rubbish can deteriorate the scene. Well painted
wall and green school yard do not mean anything litters are scattered everywhere.

Anyway I notice that most of the students in our school have responsibilities for the school
environment. They put their litters on the proper places. But some are not diligent enough to find
the dust bins. The numbers of dust binds in our schools are not enough. Ore dust bins should be put
beside each of steps, outside of the classrooms, and some more also the corridors. Probably one dust
bin should be in every ten meters. So when students want to throw away their litters, they can find
the dust bins easily.

When school is equipped with sufficient dust bins, we do not have problems of freak and
discomfort any more. Our school will be very clean and become a nice place to study.

1. What is the writer’s intention? To ….. a) inform
readers to do something good. b) explain

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c) describe a) They can prevent litters
d) entertain b) They can save janitor’s energy
e) persuade c) Students are asked to clean them
d) They make school environment neat
2. According to the writer, more dust bins….. in e) Students can throw garbage away easily
every ten meters.
4. What is the writer’s suggestion?
a) should be decorated
b) should be painted a) To buy more dustbins
c) should be placed b) To hire more gardeners
d) are unnecessary c) To use dustbins efficiently
e) are not required d) To ask parents to give more dustbins
e) To ask students to clean the school yard
3. What is the writer’s argument on a sufficient
number of dust bins?

Learning English

Learning English through music and songs can be very enjoyable. You can mix pleasure with
learning when you listen to a song and exploit the song as a means to your English progress. Some
underlying reason can be drawn to support the idea why we use songs in language learning.

Firstly, “the song stuck in my head” Phenomenon (the echoing in our minds of the last song we
heard after leaving a restaurant, shopping malls, etc) can be both enjoyable and sometimes
unnerving. This phenomenon also seems to reinforce the idea that songs work on our short-and-long
term memory.

Secondly, songs in general also use simple conversational language, with a lot of repetition,
which is just what many learners look for sample text. The fact that they are effective makes them
many times more motivating than other text. Although usually simple, some songs can be quite
complex syntactically, lexically and poetically, and can be analyzed in the same way as any other
literary sample.

Furthermore, song can be appropriated by listener for their own purpose. Most pop songs and
probably many other types don’t have precise people, place or time reference.

In addition, songs are relaxing. They provide variety and fun, and encourage harmony within
oneself and within one group. Little wonder they are important tools in sustaining culture, religion,
patriotism and yeas, even revolution.

Last but not least, there are many learning activities we can do with songs such as studying
grammar, practicing selective listening comprehension, translating songs, learning vocabulary,
spelling and culture.

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From the elaboration above, it can be concluded that learning through music and songs, learning
English can be enjoyable and fun.

5. The type of the text above is … a) Learning songs
b) Very enjoyable music
a) Analytical exposition c) The phenomenon
b) Hortatory exposition d) Music listeners
c) Narrative e) Using songs in language learning
d) Discussion
e) Explanation 9. Based on the text, there are …… reason for
using songs in learning language
6. What is the communicative purpose of the
text? a) 6
b) 4
a) To tell the reader about the songs c) 5
b) To entertain the reader with the songs d) 3
c) To show the reader the use of songs e) 2
d) To explain above the songs
e) To persuade the reader to use songs 10. “They provide variety and fun, and
encourage harmony within oneself and
in learning language within one group.”

7. The generic structures of the text are …. The underlined word refers to ….

a) Thesis – arguments – recommendation a) Groups
b) General statement – sequential b) Learners
c) People
explanation d) Songs
c) Newsworthy events – background e) Activities

events – sources
d) Thesis – arguments – reiteration
e) General statement – arguments

8. What is the text about ….

Smoking in Restaurant

Smoking in restaurants is just not on. It must not be allowed because it is rude, harmful to
others and dangerous for the smokers.

Firstly, smoking in a restaurant is impolite. The smell of the smoke affects all people and can
turn them off their food. People pay to taste good food and not to be put off by foul smelling smoke.

Another reason smoking should not be allowed in restaurant is the harm it can do to others.
Passive smoking that is breathing in smoke made by a smoker can lead to asthma attacks and even
cancer.

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Finally, smoking is dangerous and a health risk to the smokers. Cigarettes cause heart and lung
disease and people should not smoke anywhere, not just in restaurants.

Therefore, smoking in restaurants is impolite, harmful to others and a health risk to the smokers
and should not be allowed in any restaurants.

11. Smoking in the restaurants must be e) To argue about smoking to the readers
avoided because……
15. The synonym of the word dangerous in the
a) It is harmful to others text is……
b) It is impolite
c) It’s dangerous to the smokers a) rude
d) It can cause hearth and lung disease b) impolite
e) All answers are correct c) health risk
d) harmful
12. We have many reasons to say that smoking e) disease
must be avoided. The word reasons
mean….. 16. Smoking in restaurants is just not on. It
must not be allowed because it is rude,
a) conclusion harmful to others and dangerous for the
b) point of view smokers.
c) argument
d) reinforcement The sentence above characterize as….. of
e) statement the text.

13. Since we can find a thesis, arguments and a) thesis
reiteration in the text, so we can conclude b) arguments
that this text belongs to….. c) reiteration
d) topic sentence
a) description e) supporting details
b) narration
c) anecdote 17. Smoking in restaurant should not be
d) procedure allowed. It means that…..
e) analytical exposition
a) people should do smoking in restaurant
14. What is the purpose of the text? b) people should not do smoking in

a) To inform the readers to the readers restaurant
b) To persuade to the readers c) people must not smoking in restaurant
c) To describe to the readers d) people must not smoke in restaurant
d) To tell a story to the readers e) people should smoke in restaurant

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The Importance of Reading

I personally think that reading is a very important activity in our life. Why do I say so? Firstly, by
reading we can get a lot of knowledge about many things in the world such as Science, technology.
Sports, arts, culture, etc written in either books, magazine, newspaper, etc.

Secondly, by reading we can get a lot of news and information about something happening in
any parts of the world which can we see directly.

Another reason, reading can give us pleasure too. When we are tired, we read books,
newspaper or magazine on the entertainment coloumn such as comedy, short story, quiz, etc. To
make us relaxed.

The last, reading can also take us to other parts of the world. By reading a book about Irian Jaya
we may feel we’re really sitting in the jungles not at home in our rooms.

From the facts above, it’s obvious that everyone needs to read to get knowledge, information
and also entertainment. Or in summary we can say reading is truly important in our life.
18. Why is reading very important in our life? Because…..

a) By reading, we can get a lot of friends, relatives, experience, etc.
b) By reading, we can get little knowledge but a lot of entertainment.
c) By reading, we are always relaxed.
d) By reading, we are always happy.
e) By reading we can get a lot of knowledge, news, information and entertainment

19. If we want to get knowledge, what should we do?

a) buy a lot of books
b) borrow a lot of books
c) look for newspaper and magazine
d) sell and buy many expensive books
e) Read a lot of books and other printed materials.

20. What does the text tell us about?

a) The description of reading
b) The function of reading
c) The importance of reading
d) The disadvantages of reading
e) The purpose of reading

21. What is the social function of the text?

a) To tell a story
b) To describe the reader
c) To entertain the reader
d) To give information
e) I personally think that reading is To persuade the reader
a very important activity in our life. Why do I say so? Firstly, by reading we can get a lot of
knowledge about many things in the world such as Science, technology. Sports, arts, culture,
etc written in either books, magazine, newspaper, etc.

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Secondly, by reading we can get a lot of news and information about something happening in
any parts of the world which can we see directly.

Another reason, reading can give us pleasure too. When we are tired, we read books,
newspaper or magazine on the entertainment coloumn such as comedy, short story, quiz, etc.
To make us relaxed.
The last, reading can also take us to other parts of the world. By reading a book about Irian
Jaya we may feel we’re really sitting in the jungles not at home in our rooms.

From the facts above, it’s obvious that everyone needs to read to get knowledge, information
and also entertainment. Or in summary we can say reading is truly important in our life.

22. Why is reading very important in our life? Because…..
a. By reading, we can get a lot of friends, relatives, experience, etc.
b. By reading, we can get little knowledge but a lot of entertainment.
c. By reading, we are always relaxed.
d. By reading, we are always happy.
e. By reading we can get a lot of knowledge, news, information and entertainment

23. If we want to get knowledge, what should we do?
a. buy a lot of books
b. borrow a lot of books
c. look for newspaper and magazine
d. sell and buy many expensive books
e. Read a lot of books and other printed materials.

24. What does the text tell us about?
a. The description of reading
b. The function of reading
c. The importance of reading
d. The disadvantages of reading
e. The purpose of reading

254. What is the social function of the text?
a. To tell a story
b. To describe the reader
c. To entertain the reader
d. To give information
e. To persuade the reader

Page 39

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Damer, T Edward (2008). Attacking faulty reasoning : A practical guide to fallacy free
arguments, cengage learning.

E. Safra Jacob (1998). Short story in.e.a. The new Encyclopaedia britannica, 15th edition.
Chicago:micropaedia.

Zakahi, walter. (1988). Communication Education. West Virginia; Speech communication
Press

Source;typesoftext.blogspot.com
TOPS Siap UN Bahasa Inggris by Eudia Grace, Th. M. Sudarwati. Sri mulyati. Penerbit

Erlangga. 2008
Taken from: Look Ahead 3 dalam TOPS Siap UN Bahasa Inggris by Eudia Grace, Th. M.

Sudarwati. Sri mulyati. Penerbit Erlangga. 2008
http://www.ulc.manchester.ac.uk/resources/online/support-advice/learning-guide/developing-

skills/Hughes, Glyn and Moate, Josephine. 2007. Practical Classroom English. New York:
Oxford University Press.

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